Articles | Volume 25, issue 13
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7187-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7187-2025
Research article
 | 
11 Jul 2025
Research article |  | 11 Jul 2025

Global ground-based tropospheric ozone measurements: reference data and individual site trends (2000–2022) from the TOAR-II/HEGIFTOM project

Roeland Van Malderen, Anne M. Thompson, Debra E. Kollonige, Ryan M. Stauffer, Herman G. J. Smit, Eliane Maillard Barras, Corinne Vigouroux, Irina Petropavlovskikh, Thierry Leblanc, Valérie Thouret, Pawel Wolff, Peter Effertz, David W. Tarasick, Deniz Poyraz, Gérard Ancellet, Marie-Renée De Backer, Stéphanie Evan, Victoria Flood, Matthias M. Frey, James W. Hannigan, José L. Hernandez, Marco Iarlori, Bryan J. Johnson, Nicholas Jones, Rigel Kivi, Emmanuel Mahieu, Glen McConville, Katrin Müller, Tomoo Nagahama, Justus Notholt, Ankie Piters, Natalia Prats, Richard Querel, Dan Smale, Wolfgang Steinbrecht, Kimberly Strong, and Ralf Sussmann

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Revised manuscript accepted for ESSD
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Cited articles

Alsing, J.: dlmmc: Dynamical linear model regression for atmospheric time-series analysis, J. Open Source Softw., 4, 1157, https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.01157, 2019. 
Ancellet, G., Papayannis, A., Pelon, J., and Mégie, G.: DIAL tropospheric ozone measurement using a Nd:YAG laser and the Raman shifting technique, J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 6, 832–839, 1989. 
Ancellet, G., Godin-Beekmann, S., Smit, H. G. J., Stauffer, R. M., Van Malderen, R., Bodichon, R., and Pazmiño, A.: Homogenization of the Observatoire de Haute Provence electrochemical concentration cell (ECC) ozonesonde data record: comparison with lidar and satellite observations, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 3105–3120, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-3105-2022, 2022. 
Arosio, C., Sofieva, V., Orfanoz-Cheuquelaf, A., Rozanov, A., Heue, K.-P., Malina, E., Stauffer, R. M., Tarasick, D., Van Malderen, R., Ziemke, J. R., and Weber, M.: Inter-comparison of tropospheric ozone column datasets from combined nadir and limb satellite observations, EGUsphere [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3737, 2024. 
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Short summary
Tropospheric ozone is an important greenhouse gas and is an air pollutant. The time variability of tropospheric ozone is mainly driven by anthropogenic emissions. In this paper, we study the distribution and time variability of ozone from harmonized ground-based observations from five different measurement techniques. Our findings provide clear standard references for atmospheric models and evolving tropospheric ozone satellite data for the 2000–2022 period.
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