Articles | Volume 23, issue 20
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13355-2023
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13355-2023
Research article
 | 
23 Oct 2023
Research article |  | 23 Oct 2023

Stratospheric ozone depletion inside the volcanic plume shortly after the 2022 Hunga Tonga eruption

Yunqian Zhu, Robert W. Portmann, Douglas Kinnison, Owen Brian Toon, Luis Millán, Jun Zhang, Holger Vömel, Simone Tilmes, Charles G. Bardeen, Xinyue Wang, Stephanie Evan, William J. Randel, and Karen H. Rosenlof

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Subject: Aerosols | Research Activity: Atmospheric Modelling and Data Analysis | Altitude Range: Stratosphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
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Cited articles

Anderson, J. G., Wilmouth, D. M., Smith, J. B., and Sayres D. S.: UV Dosage Levels in Summer: Increased Risk of Ozone Loss from Convectively Injected Water Vapor, Science, 337, 835–839, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1222978, 2012. 
Asher, E. C., Todt, M. A., Rosenlof, K., Thornberry, T., Gao, R.-S., Taha, G., Walter, P., Alvarez, S.L., Flynn, J., Davis S. M., Evan, S., Brioude, J., Metzger, J.-M., Hurst, D. F., Hall, E., and Xiong, K.: Unexpectedly rapid aerosol formation in the Hunga Tonga plume, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 120, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2219547120, 2023. 
De Haan, D. O. and Finlayson-Pitts, B. J.: Knudsen cell studies of the reaction of gaseous nitric acid with synthetic sea salt at 298 K, J. Phys. Chem. A, 101, 9993–9999, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp972450s, 1997. 
Global Volcanism Program: Report on Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai (Tonga), in: Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, edited by: Sennert, S. K., 12–18 January 2022, Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey, https://volcano.si.edu/showreport.cfm?wvar=GVP.WVAR20220112-243040 (last access: 18 October 2023), 2022. 
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Short summary
The 2022 Hunga Tonga eruption injected a large amount of water into the stratosphere. Ozone depletion was observed inside the volcanic plume. Chlorine and water vapor injected by this eruption exceeded the normal range, which made the ozone chemistry during this event occur at a higher temperature than polar ozone depletion. Unlike polar ozone chemistry where chlorine nitrate is more important, hypochlorous acid plays a large role in the in-plume chlorine balance and heterogeneous processes.
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