Articles | Volume 21, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7253-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7253-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
12 May 2021
Research article |
| 12 May 2021
| 12 May 2021
Spatial and temporal changes of the ozone sensitivity in China based on satellite and ground-based observations
Wannan Wang
Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, 3730 AE, the Netherlands
Ronald van der A
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, 3730 AE, the Netherlands
Jieying Ding
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, 3730 AE, the Netherlands
Michiel van Weele
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, 3730 AE, the Netherlands
Tianhai Cheng
Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China
Related authors
No articles found.
Yutao Chen, Ronald J. van der A, Jieying Ding, Henk Eskes, Felipe Cifuentes, and Pieternel F. Levelt
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4490, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4490, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Measurement Techniques (AMT).
Short summary
Short summary
The SO2 gridded point emissions calculated from satellite measurements appear spread out around the source. This is inherent to the inversion method and the resolution of the satellite measurements. We made a new deconvolution algorithm to reverse the spreading and make the emission signal clearer. With this method, the effective resolution is improved. Known sources can be located more precisely, and new ones can be found from space. The same approach also works for other gases like NOx.
Yutao Chen, Ronald J. van der A, Jieying Ding, Henk Eskes, Jason E. Williams, Nicolas Theys, Athanasios Tsikerdekis, and Pieternel F. Levelt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1851–1868, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1851-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1851-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
There is a lack of local SO2 top-down emission inventories in India. With the improvement in the divergence method and the derivation of SO2 local lifetime, gridded SO2 emissions over a large area can be estimated efficiently. This method can be applied to any region in the world to derive SO2 emissions. Especially for regions with high latitudes, our methodology has the potential to significantly improve the top-down derivation of SO2 emissions.
Jieying Ding, Ronald van der A, Henk Eskes, Enrico Dammers, Mark Shephard, Roy Wichink Kruit, Marc Guevara, and Leonor Tarrason
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10583–10599, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10583-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10583-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Here we applied the existing Daily Emissions Constrained by Satellite Observations (DECSO) inversion algorithm to NH3 observations from the CrIS satellite instrument to estimate NH3 emissions. As NH3 in the atmosphere is influenced by NOx, we implemented DECSO to estimate NOx and NH3 emissions simultaneously. The emissions are derived over Europe for 2020 at a spatial resolution of 0.2° using daily observations from CrIS and TROPOMI. Results are compared to bottom-up emission inventories.
Mengyao Liu, Ronald van der A, Michiel van Weele, Lotte Bryan, Henk Eskes, Pepijn Veefkind, Yongxue Liu, Xiaojuan Lin, Jos de Laat, and Jieying Ding
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 5261–5277, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-5261-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-5261-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
A new divergence method was developed and applied to estimate methane emissions from TROPOMI observations over the Middle East, where it is typically challenging for a satellite to measure methane due to its complicated orography and surface albedo. Our results show the potential of TROPOMI to quantify methane emissions from various sources rather than big emitters from space after objectively excluding the artifacts in the retrieval.
Ronald J. van der A, Jieying Ding, and Henk Eskes
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7523–7534, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7523-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7523-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Using observations of the Sentinel-5P satellite and the latest version of the inversion algorithm DECSO, anthropogenic NOx emissions are derived for Europe for the years 2019–2022 with a spatial resolution of 0.2°. The results are compared with European emissions of the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service.
Andrés Yarce Botero, Michiel van Weele, Arjo Segers, Pier Siebesma, and Henk Eskes
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 3765–3781, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-3765-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-3765-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
HARMONIE WINS50 reanalysis data with 0.025° × 0.025° resolution from 2019 to 2021 were coupled with the LOTOS-EUROS Chemical Transport Model. HARMONIE and ECMWF meteorology configurations against Cabauw observations (52.0° N, 4.9° W) were evaluated as simulated NO2 concentrations with ground-level sensors. Differences in crucial meteorological input parameters (boundary layer height, vertical diffusion coefficient) between the hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic models were analysed.
Adrianus de Laat, Jos van Geffen, Piet Stammes, Ronald van der A, Henk Eskes, and J. Pepijn Veefkind
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4511–4535, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4511-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4511-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Removal of stratospheric nitrogen oxides is crucial for the formation of the ozone hole. TROPOMI satellite measurements of nitrogen dioxide reveal the presence of a not dissimilar "nitrogen hole" that largely coincides with the ozone hole. Three very distinct regimes were identified: inside and outside the ozone hole and the transition zone in between. Our results introduce a valuable and innovative application highly relevant for Antarctic ozone hole and ozone layer recovery.
Xiaojuan Lin, Ronald van der A, Jos de Laat, Henk Eskes, Frédéric Chevallier, Philippe Ciais, Zhu Deng, Yuanhao Geng, Xuanren Song, Xiliang Ni, Da Huo, Xinyu Dou, and Zhu Liu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6599–6611, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6599-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6599-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Satellite observations provide evidence for CO2 emission signals from isolated power plants. We use these satellite observations to quantify emissions. We found that for power plants with multiple observations, the correlation of estimated and reported emissions is significantly improved compared to a single observation case. This demonstrates that accurate estimation of power plant emissions can be achieved by monitoring from future satellite missions with more frequent observations.
Xiumei Zhang, Ronald van der A, Jieying Ding, Xin Zhang, and Yan Yin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 5587–5604, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5587-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5587-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We compiled a ship emission inventory based on automatic identification system (AIS) signals in the Jiangsu section of the Yangtze River. This ship emission inventory was compared with Chinese bottom-up inventories and the satellite-derived emissions from TROPOMI. The result shows a consistent spatial distribution, with riverine cities having high NOx emissions. Inland ship emissions of NOx are shown to contribute at least 40 % to air pollution along the river.
Hanqing Kang, Bin Zhu, Gerrit de Leeuw, Bu Yu, Ronald J. van der A, and Wen Lu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 10623–10634, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10623-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10623-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study quantified the contribution of each urban-induced meteorological effect (temperature, humidity, and circulation) to aerosol concentration. We found that the urban heat island (UHI) circulation dominates the UHI effects on aerosol. The UHI circulation transports aerosol and its precursor gases from the warmer lower boundary layer to the colder lower free troposphere and promotes the secondary formation of ammonium nitrate aerosol in the cold atmosphere.
Xin Zhang, Yan Yin, Ronald van der A, Henk Eskes, Jos van Geffen, Yunyao Li, Xiang Kuang, Jeff L. Lapierre, Kui Chen, Zhongxiu Zhen, Jianlin Hu, Chuan He, Jinghua Chen, Rulin Shi, Jun Zhang, Xingrong Ye, and Hao Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5925–5942, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5925-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5925-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The importance of convection to the ozone and nitrogen oxides (NOx) produced from lightning has long been an open question. We utilize the high-resolution chemistry model with ozonesondes and space observations to discuss the effects of convection over southeastern China, where few studies have been conducted. Our results show the transport and chemistry contributions for various storms and demonstrate the ability of TROPOMI to estimate the lightning NOx production over small-scale convection.
Cheng Fan, Zhengqiang Li, Ying Li, Jiantao Dong, Ronald van der A, and Gerrit de Leeuw
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 7723–7748, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7723-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7723-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Emission control policy in China has resulted in the decrease of nitrogen dioxide concentrations, which however leveled off and stabilized in recent years, as shown from satellite data. The effects of the further emission reduction during the COVID-19 lockdown in 2020 resulted in an initial improvement of air quality, which, however, was offset by chemical and meteorological effects. The study shows the regional dependence over east China, and results have a wider application than China only.
Nicola Zoppetti, Simone Ceccherini, Bruno Carli, Samuele Del Bianco, Marco Gai, Cecilia Tirelli, Flavio Barbara, Rossana Dragani, Antti Arola, Jukka Kujanpää, Jacob C. A. van Peet, Ronald van der A, and Ugo Cortesi
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 2041–2053, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-2041-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-2041-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The new platforms for Earth observation from space will provide an enormous amount of data that can be hard to exploit as a whole. The Complete Data Fusion algorithm can reduce the data volume while retaining the information of the full dataset. In this work, we applied the Complete Data Fusion algorithm to simulated ozone profiles, and the results show that the fused products are characterized by higher information content compared to individual L2 products.
Geert Jan van Oldenborgh, Folmer Krikken, Sophie Lewis, Nicholas J. Leach, Flavio Lehner, Kate R. Saunders, Michiel van Weele, Karsten Haustein, Sihan Li, David Wallom, Sarah Sparrow, Julie Arrighi, Roop K. Singh, Maarten K. van Aalst, Sjoukje Y. Philip, Robert Vautard, and Friederike E. L. Otto
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 941–960, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-941-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-941-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Southeastern Australia suffered from disastrous bushfires during the 2019/20 fire season, raising the question whether these have become more likely due to climate change. We found no attributable trend in extreme annual or monthly low precipitation but a clear shift towards more extreme heat. However, this shift is underestimated by the models. Analysing fire weather directly, we found that the chance has increased by at least 30 %, but due to the underestimation it could well be higher.
Wannan Wang, Tianhai Cheng, Ronald J. van der A, Jos de Laat, and Jason E. Williams
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 1673–1687, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-1673-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-1673-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This paper is an evaluation of the AIRS and MLS ozone (O3) algorithms via comparison with daytime and night-time O3 datasets. Results show that further refinements of the AIRS O3 algorithm are required for better surface emissivity retrievals and that cloud cover is another problem that needs to be solved. An inconsistency is found in the
AscDescModeflag of the MLS v4.20 standard O3 product for 90–60° S and 60–90° N, resulting in inconsistent O3 profiles in these regions before May 2015.
Cited articles
Barbaro, E., de Arellano, J. V.-G., Ouwersloot, H. G., Schröter, J. S.,
Donovan, D. P., and Krol, M. C.: Aerosols in the convective boundary layer:
Shortwave radiation effects on the coupled land-atmosphere system, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 119,
5845–5863, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013jd021237, 2014.
Bauwens, M., Compernolle, S., Stavrakou, T., Müller, J. F., van Gent,
J., Eskes, H., Levelt, P. F., van der A, R., Veefkind, J. P., Vlietinck, J.,
Yu, H., and Zehner, C.: Impact of Coronavirus Outbreak on NO2 Pollution
Assessed Using TROPOMI and OMI Observations, Geophys. Res. Lett.,
47, e2020GL087978, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL087978, 2020.
Boersma, K. F., Braak, K., and van der A, R. J.: Dutch OMI NO2 (DOMINO) data product v2.0 HE5 data file user manual, available at:
https://d37onar3vnbj2y.cloudfront.net/static/docs/OMI_NO2_HE5_2.0_2011.pdf (last access: 6 May 2021), 2011.
Boersma, K. F., Eskes, H., Richter, A., De Smedt, I., Lorente, A., Beirle, S., Van Geffen, J., Peters, E., Van Roozendael, M., and Wagner, T.: QA4ECV NO2 tropospheric and stratospheric vertical column data from OMI (Version 1.1) [Data set], Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), https://doi.org/10.21944/qa4ecv-no2-omi-v1.1, 2017.
Boersma, K. F., Eskes, H. J., Richter, A., De Smedt, I., Lorente, A., Beirle, S., van Geffen, J. H. G. M., Zara, M., Peters, E., Van Roozendael, M., Wagner, T., Maasakkers, J. D., van der A, R. J., Nightingale, J., De Rudder, A., Irie, H., Pinardi, G., Lambert, J.-C., and Compernolle, S. C.: Improving algorithms and uncertainty estimates for satellite NO2 retrievals: results from the quality assurance for the essential climate variables (QA4ECV) project, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 11, 6651–6678, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-6651-2018, 2018.
Brown-Steiner, B., Hess, P. G., and Lin, M. Y.: On the capabilities and
limitations of GCCM simulations of summertime regional air quality: A
diagnostic analysis of ozone and temperature simulations in the US using
CESM CAM-Chem, Atmos. Environ., 101, 134–148,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.11.001, 2015.
Cai, S., Wang, Y., Zhao, B., Wang, S., Chang, X., and Hao, J.: The impact of
the “Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan” on PM2.5
concentrations in Jing-Jin-Ji region during 2012–2020, Sci. Total Environ., 580, 197–209, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.188, 2017.
Cheng, L., Wang, S., Gong, Z., Li, H., Yang, Q., and Wang, Y.:
Regionalization based on spatial and seasonal variation in ground-level
ozone concentrations across China, J. Environ. Sci., 67,
179–190, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2017.08.011, 2018.
China National Environmental Monitoring Center: Real-time Air Quality Index, available at: http://www.pm25.in/
last access: 6 May 2021a.
China National Environmental Monitoring Center: Real-time Air Quality Index, available at: http://aqicn.org,
last access: 6 May 2021b.
Choi, Y. and Souri, A. H.: Chemical condition and surface ozone in large
cities of Texas during the last decade: Observational evidence from OMI,
CAMS, and model analysis, Remote Sens. Environ., 168, 90–101,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2015.06.026, 2015.
Choi, Y., Kim, H., Tong, D., and Lee, P.: Summertime weekly cycles of observed and modeled NOx and O3 concentrations as a function of satellite-derived ozone production sensitivity and land use types over the Continental United States, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 6291–6307, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-6291-2012, 2012.
Chou, C. C.-K., Tsai, C.-Y., Chang, C.-C., Lin, P.-H., Liu, S. C., and Zhu, T.: Photochemical production of ozone in Beijing during the 2008 Olympic Games, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 9825–9837, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-9825-2011, 2011.
CMEE: Technical Specifications for Installation and Acceptance of Ambient air Quality Continuous Automated Monitoring System for SO2, NO2, O3 and CO, Chinese Ministry of Ecology and Environment (CMEE), available at: http://www.mee.gov.cn/ywgz/fgbz/bz/bzwb/jcffbz/201308/W020130802493970989627.pdf
(last access: 3 February 2021), 2013.
Crutzen, P. J.: Photochemical reactions initiated by and influencing ozone
in unpolluted tropospheric air, Tellus, 26, 47–57, https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v26i1-2.9736, 1974.
De Smedt, I., Geffen, J., Richter, A., Beirle, S., Yu, H., Vlietinck, J.,
Roozendael, M., Lorente, A., Scanlon, T., Compernolle, S., Wagner, T.,
Eskes, H., and Boersma, F.: Product User Guide for HCHO, available at: http://www.qa4ecv.eu/ecv/hcho-p/data
(last access: 6 May 2021), 2017a.
De Smedt, I., Yu, H., Richter, A., Beirle, S., Eskes, H., Boersma, K.F., Van Roozendael, M., Van Geffen, J., Lorente, A. and Peters, E.: QA4ECV HCHO tropospheric column data from OMI (Version 1.1) [Data set], Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, https://doi.org/10.18758/71021031, 2017b.
Ding, A. J., Fu, C. B., Yang, X. Q., Sun, J. N., Petäjä, T., Kerminen, V.-M., Wang, T., Xie, Y., Herrmann, E., Zheng, L. F., Nie, W., Liu, Q., Wei, X. L., and Kulmala, M.: Intense atmospheric pollution modifies weather: a case of mixed biomass burning with fossil fuel combustion pollution in eastern China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 10545–10554, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-10545-2013, 2013.
Ding, J., van der A, R. J., Mijling, B., Levelt, P. F., and Hao, N.: NOx emission estimates during the 2014 Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 9399–9412, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-9399-2015, 2015.
Ding, J., van der A, R. J., Mijling, B., and Levelt, P. F.: Space-based NOx emission estimates over remote regions improved in DECSO, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 10, 925–938, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-925-2017, 2017.
Ding, J., van der A, R. J., Mijling, B., Jalkanen, J. P., Johansson, L., and
Levelt, P. F.: Maritime NOx Emissions Over Chinese Seas Derived From
Satellite Observations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 45, 2031–2037, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL076788, 2018 (data available at: https://www.temis.nl/emissions/region_asia/datapage.php,
last access: 6 May 2021).
Ding, J., van der A, R. J., Eskes, H. J., Mijling, B., Stavrakou, T., van Geffen, J. H. G. M., and Veefkind, J. P.: NOx emissions reduction and rebound in China due to the COVID‐19 crisis, Geophys. Res. Lett., 46, e2020GL089912, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL089912, 2020.
Duncan, B. N., Yoshida, Y., Olson, J. R., Sillman, S., Martin, R. V.,
Lamsal, L., Hu, Y., Pickering, K. E., Retscher, C., and Allen, D. J. J. A.
E.: Application of OMI observations to a space-based indicator of NOx
and VOC controls on surface ozone formation, Atmos. Environ., 44, 2213–2223, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.03.010, 2010.
Feng, L. and Liao, W.: Legislation, plans, and policies for prevention and
control of air pollution in China: achievements, challenges, and
improvements, J. Clean. Prod., 112, 1549–1558, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.08.013, 2016.
Fishman, J., Ramanathan, V., Crutzen, P. J., and Liu, S. C.: Tropospheric
ozone and climate, Nature, 282, 818–820, https://doi.org/10.1038/282818a0, 1979.
Fu, T.-M., Jacob, D. J., Palmer, P. I., Chance, K., Wang, Y. X., Barletta,
B., Blake, D. R., Stanton, J. C., and Pilling, M. J.: Space-based
formaldehyde measurements as constraints on volatile organic compound
emissions in east and south Asia and implications for ozone, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D06312, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jd007853, 2007.
Hammer, M.-U., Vogel, B., and Vogel, H.: Findings on
H2O2
Huang, J., Li, G., Xu, G., Qian, X., Zhao, Y., Pan, X., Huang, J., Cen, Z.,
Liu, Q., He, T., and Guo, X.: The burden of ozone pollution on years of life
lost from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a city of Yangtze River
Delta, China, Environ. Pollut., 242, 1266–1273, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.08.021, 2018.
Huang, X., Ding, A., Gao, J., Zheng, B., Zhou, D., Qi, X., Tang, R., Wang,
J., Ren, C., Nie, W., Chi, X., Xu, Z., Chen, L., Li, Y., Che, F., Pang, N.,
Wang, H., Tong, D., Qin, W., Cheng, W., Liu, W., Fu, Q., Liu, B., Chai, F.,
Davis, S. J., Zhang, Q., and He, K.: Enhanced secondary pollution offset
reduction of primary emissions during COVID-19 lockdown in China,
Natl. Sci. Rev., 8, nwaa137, https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaa137, 2020.
Hui, D. S., I Azhar, E., Madani, T. A., Ntoumi, F., Kock, R., Dar, O.,
Ippolito, G., McHugh, T. D., Memish, Z. A., Drosten, C., Zumla, A., and
Petersen, E.: The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel
coronaviruses to global health – The latest 2019 novel coronavirus
outbreak in Wuhan, China, Int. J. Infect. Dis., 91,
264–266, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.009, 2020.
IPCC: Climate Change 2013 – The Physical Science Basis: Working Group I
Contribution to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2014.
Jacob, D. J.: Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry, Princeton University
Press, Princeton, United States, 280 pp., 1999.
Jacob, D. J.: Heterogeneous chemistry and tropospheric ozone, Atmos. Environ., 34, 2131–2159, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00462-8, 2000.
Janssen, R. H. H., Vilà-Guerau de Arellano, J., Ganzeveld, L. N., Kabat, P., Jimenez, J. L., Farmer, D. K., van Heerwaarden, C. C., and Mammarella, I.: Combined effects of surface conditions, boundary layer dynamics and chemistry on diurnal SOA evolution, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 6827–6843, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-6827-2012, 2012.
Japanese Ministry of the Environment: Japanese Atmospheric Environmental Regional Observation System, available at: http://soramame.taiki.go.jp/DownLoad.php,
last access: 6 May 2021.
Jeon, W., Choi, Y., Souri, A. H., Roy, A., Diao, L., Pan, S., Lee, H. W.,
and Lee, S.-H.: Identification of chemical fingerprints in long-range
transport of burning induced upper tropospheric ozone from Colorado to the
North Atlantic Ocean, Sci. Total Environ., 613–614, 820–828,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.177, 2018.
Jerrett, M., Burnett, R. T., Pope, C. A., Ito, K., Thurston, G., Krewski,
D., Shi, Y., Calle, E., and Thun, M.: Long-Term Ozone Exposure and
Mortality, N Engl. J. Med., 360, 1085–1095, https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa0803894, 2009.
Jin, X. and Holloway, T.: Spatial and temporal variability of ozone
sensitivity over China observed from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 120,
7229–7246, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jd023250, 2015.
Jin, X., Fiore, A. M., Murray, L. T., Valin, L. C., Lamsal, L. N., Duncan,
B., Boersma, K. F., De Smedt, I., Abad, G. G., Chance, K., and
Tonnesen, G. S.: Evaluating a Space-Based Indicator of Surface Ozone-NOx-VOC Sensitivity Over Midlatitude Source Regions and Application to Decadal Trends, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 122, 10439–10461, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD026720, 2017.
Jin, X., Fiore, A., Boersma, K. F., De Smedt, I., and Valin, L.: Inferring
Changes in Summertime Surface Ozone–NOx–VOC Chemistry over U.S. Urban
Areas from Two Decades of Satellite and Ground-Based Observations,
Environ. Sci. Technol., 54, 6518–6529, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b07785, 2020.
Khaniabadi, Y. O., Hopke, P. K., Goudarzi, G., Daryanoosh, S. M., Jourvand,
M., and Basiri, H.: Cardiopulmonary mortality and COPD attributed to ambient
ozone, Environ. Res., 152, 336–341, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2016.10.008, 2017.
Kleinman, L.: Low and high NOx tropospheric photochemistry, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 99, 16831–16838, 1994.
Kurokawa, J., Ohara, T., Morikawa, T., Hanayama, S., Janssens-Maenhout, G., Fukui, T., Kawashima, K., and Akimoto, H.: Emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases over Asian regions during 2000–2008: Regional Emission inventory in ASia (REAS) version 2, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 11019–11058, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-11019-2013, 2013.
Lamsal, L. N., Krotkov, N. A., Celarier, E. A., Swartz, W. H., Pickering, K. E., Bucsela, E. J., Gleason, J. F., Martin, R. V., Philip, S., Irie, H., Cede, A., Herman, J., Weinheimer, A., Szykman, J. J., and Knepp, T. N.: Evaluation of OMI operational standard NO2 column retrievals using in situ and surface-based NO2 observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 11587–11609, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-11587-2014, 2014.
Levelt, P. F., van den Oord, G. H. J., Dobber, M. R., Malkki, A., Huib, V., de Johan, V., Stammes, P., Lundell, J. O. V., and Saari, H.: The ozone monitoring instrument, IEEE T. Geosci. Remote,
44, 1093–1101, 2006.
Levy, M., Zhang, R., Zheng, J., Zhang, A. L., Xu, W., Gomez-Hernandez, M.,
Wang, Y., and Olaguer, E.: Measurements of nitrous acid (HONO) using ion
drift-chemical ionization mass spectrometry during the 2009 SHARP field
campaign, Atmos. Environ., 94, 231–240, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.05.024, 2014.
Li, K., Jacob, D. J., Liao, H., Shen, L., Zhang, Q., and Bates, K. H.:
Anthropogenic drivers of 2013–2017 trends in summer surface ozone in China,
P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 116, 422–427, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1812168116, 2019.
Li, M., Zhang, Q., Kurokawa, J.-I., Woo, J.-H., He, K., Lu, Z., Ohara, T., Song, Y., Streets, D. G., Carmichael, G. R., Cheng, Y., Hong, C., Huo, H., Jiang, X., Kang, S., Liu, F., Su, H., and Zheng, B.: MIX: a mosaic Asian anthropogenic emission inventory under the international collaboration framework of the MICS-Asia and HTAP, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 935–963, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-935-2017, 2017.
Li, M., Zhang, Q., Zheng, B., Tong, D., Lei, Y., Liu, F., Hong, C., Kang, S., Yan, L., Zhang, Y., Bo, Y., Su, H., Cheng, Y., and He, K.: Persistent growth of anthropogenic non-methane volatile organic compound (NMVOC) emissions in China during 1990–2017: drivers, speciation and ozone formation potential, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 8897–8913, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-8897-2019, 2019.
Li, P., De Marco, A., Feng, Z., Anav, A., Zhou, D., and Paoletti, E.:
Nationwide ground-level ozone measurements in China suggest serious risks to
forests, Environ. Pollut., 237, 803–813, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.11.002, 2018.
Li, X., Zhang, C., Zhang, B., and Liu, K.: A comparative time series
analysis and modeling of aerosols in the contiguous United States and China,
Sci. Total Environ., 690, 799–811, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.072, 2019.
Liu, Z., Wang, Y., Gu, D., Zhao, C., Huey, L. G., Stickel, R., Liao, J., Shao, M., Zhu, T., Zeng, L., Amoroso, A., Costabile, F., Chang, C.-C., and Liu, S.-C.: Summertime photochemistry during CAREBeijing-2007: ROx budgets and O3 formation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 7737–7752, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-7737-2012, 2012.
Martin, R. V., Fiore, A. M., and Van Donkelaar, A.: Space-based diagnosis of
surface ozone sensitivity to anthropogenic emissions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L06120, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004gl019416, 2004.
Mijling, B. and van der A, R. J.: Using daily satellite observations to
estimate emissions of short-lived air pollutants on a mesoscopic scale,
J. Geophys. Res., 117, D17302, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD017817,
2012.
Milford, J. B., Russell, A. G., and McRae, G. J.: A new approach to
photochemical pollution control: Implications of spatial patterns in
pollutant responses to reductions in nitrogen oxides and reactive organic
gas emissions, Environ. Sci. Technol., 23, 1290–1301, 1989.
Millet, D. B., Jacob, D. J., Boersma, K. F., Fu, T.-M., Kurosu, T. P.,
Chance, K., Heald, C. L., and Guenther, A.: Spatial distribution of isoprene
emissions from North America derived from formaldehyde column measurements
by the OMI satellite sensor, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D02307, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007jd008950, 2008.
Palmer, P. I., Jacob, D. J., Fiore, A. M., Martin, R. V., Chance, K., and
Kurosu, T. P.: Mapping isoprene emissions over North America using
formaldehyde column observations from space, Geophys. Res., 108, 4180, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002jd002153,
2003.
Schroeder, J. R., Crawford, J. H., Fried, A., Walega, J., Weinheimer, A.,
Wisthaler, A., Müller, M., Mikoviny, T., Chen, G., Shook, M., Blake, D.
R., and Tonnesen, G. S.: New insights into the column CH2O
Seinfeld, J. H. and Pandis, S. N.: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From
Air Pollution to Climate Change, Wiley, United States, 1152 pp., 2016.
Shah, V., Jacob, D. J., Li, K., Silvern, R. F., Zhai, S., Liu, M., Lin, J., and Zhang, Q.: Effect of changing NOx lifetime on the seasonality and long-term trends of satellite-observed tropospheric NO2 columns over China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 1483–1495, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1483-2020, 2020.
Shao, M., Zhang, Y., Zeng, L., Tang, X., Zhang, J., Zhong, L., and Wang, B.:
Ground-level ozone in the Pearl River Delta and the roles of VOC and
NOx in its production, J. Environ. Manage., 90,
512–518, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.12.008, 2009.
Shen, L., Jacob, D. J., Zhu, L., Zhang, Q., Zheng, B., Sulprizio, M. P., Li,
K., De Smedt, I., González Abad, G., Cao, H., Fu, T.-M., and Liao, H.:
The 2005–2016 Trends of Formaldehyde Columns Over China Observed by
Satellites: Increasing Anthropogenic Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds
and Decreasing Agricultural Fire Emissions, Geophys. Res. Lett.,
46, 4468–4475, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL082172, 2019.
Sicard, P., De Marco, A., Agathokleous, E., Feng, Z., Xu, X., Paoletti, E.,
Rodriguez, J. J. D., and Calatayud, V.: Amplified ozone pollution in cities
during the COVID-19 lockdown, Sci. Total Environ., 735, 139542,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139542, 2020.
Siciliano, B., Dantas, G., da Silva, C. M., and Arbilla, G.: Increased ozone
levels during the COVID-19 lockdown: Analysis for the city of Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil, Sci. Total Environ., 737, 139765, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139765, 2020.
Sillman, S.: The use of NOy, H2O2, and HNO3 as
indicators for ozone-NOx-hydrocarbon sensitivity in urban locations, J.
Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 100, 14175–14188, https://doi.org/10.1029/94JD02953, 1995.
Sillman, S.: The relation between ozone, NOx and hydrocarbons in urban and polluted rural environments, Atmos. Environ., 33, 1821–1845,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(98)00345-8, 1999.
Sillman, S.: Tropospheric Ozone and Photochemical Smog, in: Treatise on
Geochemistry, edited by: Holland, H. D. and Turekian, K. K., Pergamon,
Oxford, UK, 407–431, 2003.
Sillman, S., Logan, J. A., and Wofsy, S. C.: The sensitivity of ozone to
nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons in regional ozone episodes, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 95, 1837–1851, https://doi.org/10.1029/JD095iD02p01837, 1990.
Souri, A. H., Choi, Y., Jeon, W., Woo, J. H., Zhang, Q., and Kurokawa, J.:
Remote sensing evidence of decadal changes in major tropospheric ozone
precursors over East Asia, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.,
122, 2474–2492, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025663, 2017.
Sun, Y., Wang, L., Wang, Y., Quan, L., and Zirui, L.: In situ measurements
of SO2, NOx, NOy, and O3 in Beijing, China during August 2008, Sci. Total Environ., 409, 933–940, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.11.007, 2011.
Tang, G., Wang, Y., Li, X., Ji, D., Hsu, S., and Gao, X.: Spatial-temporal variations in surface ozone in Northern China as observed during 2009–2010 and possible implications for future air quality control strategies, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 2757–2776, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-2757-2012, 2012.
Tian, H., Liu, Y., Li, Y., Wu, C.-H., Chen, B., Kraemer, M. U. G., Li, B.,
Cai, J., Xu, B., Yang, Q., Wang, B., Yang, P., Cui, Y., Song, Y., Zheng, P.,
Wang, Q., Bjornstad, O. N., Yang, R., Grenfell, B. T., Pybus, O. G., and
Dye, C.: An investigation of transmission control measures during the first
50 days of the COVID-19 epidemic in China, Science, 368, 638–642, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abb6105, 2020.
Tian, Y., Wu, Y., Liu, H., Si, Y., Wu, Y., Wang, X., Wang, M., Wu, J., Chen,
L., Wei, C., Wu, T., Gao, P., and Hu, Y.: The impact of ambient ozone
pollution on pneumonia: A nationwide time-series analysis,
Environ. Int., 136, 105498, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105498, 2020.
Tobías, A., Carnerero, C., Reche, C., Massagué, J., Via, M.,
Minguillón, M. C., Alastuey, A., and Querol, X.: Changes in air quality
during the lockdown in Barcelona (Spain) one month into the SARS-CoV-2
epidemic, Sci. Total Environ., 726, 138540, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138540, 2020.
van Donkelaar, A., Martin Randall, V., Brauer, M., Kahn, R., Levy, R.,
Verduzco, C., and Villeneuve Paul, J.: Global Estimates of Ambient Fine
Particulate Matter Concentrations from Satellite-Based Aerosol Optical
Depth: Development and Application, Environ. Health Persp., 118,
847–855, https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.0901623, 2010.
van Heerwaarden, C. C., Vilà-Guerau de Arellano, J., Gounou, A.,
Guichard, F., and Couvreux, F.: Understanding the Daily Cycle of
Evapotranspiration: A Method to Quantify the Influence of Forcings and
Feedbacks, J. Hydrometeorol., 11, 1405–1422, https://doi.org/10.1175/2010JHM1272.1, 2010.
van Stratum, B. J. H., Vilà-Guerau de Arellano, J., Ouwersloot, H. G., van den Dries, K., van Laar, T. W., Martinez, M., Lelieveld, J., Diesch, J.-M., Drewnick, F., Fischer, H., Hosaynali Beygi, Z., Harder, H., Regelin, E., Sinha, V., Adame, J. A., Sörgel, M., Sander, R., Bozem, H., Song, W., Williams, J., and Yassaa, N.: Case study of the diurnal variability of chemically active species with respect to boundary layer dynamics during DOMINO, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 5329–5341, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-5329-2012, 2012.
Vilà-Guerau de Arellano, J., Patton, E. G., Karl, T., van den Dries,
K., Barth, M. C., and Orlando, J. J.: The role of boundary layer dynamics on
the diurnal evolution of isoprene and the hydroxyl radical over tropical
forests, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 116, D07304, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD014857,
2011.
Vilà-Guerau de Arellano, J., van Heerwaarden, C. C., van Stratum, B. J.
H., and van den Dries, K.: Atmospheric Boundary Layer, Integrating Air
Chemistry and Land Interactions, Cambridge University Press, New York,
USA, 265 pp., 2015.
Wang, C., Horby, P. W., Hayden, F. G., and Gao, G. F.: A novel coronavirus
outbreak of global health concern, Lancet, 395, 470–473, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30185-9, 2020.
Wang, N., Lyu, X., Deng, X., Huang, X., Jiang, F., and Ding, A.: Aggravating
O3 pollution due to NOx emission control in eastern China, Sci. Total Environ., 677, 732–744, 2019.
Wang, Q. and Su, M.: A preliminary assessment of the impact of COVID-19 on
environment – A case study of China, Sci. Total Environ., 728,
138915, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138915, 2020.
Wang, T., Wei, X. L., Ding, A. J., Poon, C. N., Lam, K. S., Li, Y. S., Chan, L. Y., and Anson, M.: Increasing surface ozone concentrations in the background atmosphere of Southern China, 1994–2007, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 6217–6227, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-6217-2009, 2009.
Wang, T., Xue, L., Brimblecombe, P., Lam, Y. F., Li, L., and Zhang, L.:
Ozone pollution in China: A review of concentrations, meteorological
influences, chemical precursors, and effects, Sci. Total Environ., 575, 1582–1596, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.081, 2017.
Wang, W. N., Cheng, T. H., Gu, X. F., Chen, H., Guo, H., Wang, Y., Bao, F.
W., Shi, S. Y., Xu, B. R., Zuo, X., Meng, C., and Zhang, X. C.: Assessing
Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Observed Ground-level Ozone in China,
Sci. Rep.-UK, 7, 3651, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03929-w, 2017.
Wang, Z., Lv, J., Tan, Y., Guo, M., Gu, Y., Xu, S., and Zhou, Y.:
Temporospatial variations and Spearman correlation analysis of ozone
concentrations to nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, particulate matters and
carbon monoxide in ambient air, China, Atmos. Pollut. Res., 10,
1203–1210, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2019.02.003, 2019.
Witte, J., Duncan, B., Douglass, A., Kurosu, T., Chance, K., and Retscher,
C.: The unique OMI HCHO
Xing, J., Wang, S. X., Jang, C., Zhu, Y., and Hao, J. M.: Nonlinear response of ozone to precursor emission changes in China: a modeling study using response surface methodology, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 5027–5044, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-5027-2011, 2011.
Xing, J., Li, S., Jiang, Y., Wang, S., Ding, D., Dong, Z., Zhu, Y., and Hao, J.: Quantifying the emission changes and associated air quality impacts during the COVID-19 pandemic on the North China Plain: a response modeling study, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 14347–14359, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-14347-2020, 2020.
Xue, L. K., Wang, T., Gao, J., Ding, A. J., Zhou, X. H., Blake, D. R., Wang, X. F., Saunders, S. M., Fan, S. J., Zuo, H. C., Zhang, Q. Z., and Wang, W. X.: Ground-level ozone in four Chinese cities: precursors, regional transport and heterogeneous processes, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 13175–13188, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-13175-2014, 2014.
Zara, M., Boersma, K. F., De Smedt, I., Richter, A., Peters, E., van Geffen, J. H. G. M., Beirle, S., Wagner, T., Van Roozendael, M., Marchenko, S., Lamsal, L. N., and Eskes, H. J.: Improved slant column density retrieval of nitrogen dioxide and formaldehyde for OMI and GOME-2A from QA4ECV: intercomparison, uncertainty characterisation, and trends, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 11, 4033–4058, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-4033-2018, 2018.
Zeng, Y., Cao, Y., Qiao, X., Seyler, B. C., and Tang, Y.: Air pollution
reduction in China: Recent success but great challenge for the future,
Sci. Total Environ., 663, 329–337, 2019.
Zhang, H., Wang, S., Hao, J., Wang, X., Wang, S., Chai, F., and Li, M.: Air
pollution and control action in Beijing, J. Clean. Prod., 112,
1519–1527, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.04.092, 2016.
Zhao, Y., Zhang, K., Xu, X., Shen, H., Zhu, X., Zhang, Y., Hu, Y., and Shen,
G.: Substantial Changes in Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone after Excluding
Meteorological Impacts during the COVID-19 Outbreak in Mainland China,
Environ. Sci. Tech. Let., 7, 402–408, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00304, 2020.
Zoran, M. A., Savastru, R. S., Savastru, D. M., and Tautan, M. N.: Assessing
the relationship between ground levels of ozone (O3) and nitrogen
dioxide (NO2) with coronavirus (COVID-19) in Milan, Italy, Sci. Total Environ., 740, 140005, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140005, 2020.
Short summary
We developed a method to determine the type of photochemical regime of ozone formation by using only satellite observations of formaldehyde and nitrogen dioxide as well as ozone measurements on the ground. It was found that many cities in China, because of their high level of air pollution, are in the so-called VOC-limited photochemical regime. This means that the current reductions of nitrogen dioxide resulted in higher levels of photochemical smog in these cities.
We developed a method to determine the type of photochemical regime of ozone formation by using...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint