Articles | Volume 23, issue 14
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7935-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7935-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
18 Jul 2023
Research article |
| 18 Jul 2023
| 18 Jul 2023
Meteorological modeling sensitivity to parameterizations and satellite-derived surface datasets during the 2017 Lake Michigan Ozone Study
Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Lee M. Cronce
Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Jonathan L. Case
ENSCO, Inc., NASA Short-term Prediction Research and Transition (SPoRT) Center, Huntsville, Alabama 35805, USA
R. Bradley Pierce
Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Monica Harkey
Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment, University of
Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Allen Lenzen
Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
David S. Henderson
Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Zac Adelman
Lake Michigan Air Directors Consortium, Hillside, IL 60162, USA
Tsengel Nergui
Lake Michigan Air Directors Consortium, Hillside, IL 60162, USA
Christopher R. Hain
Earth Science Office, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL 35808, USA
Related authors
Nicholas K. Corak, Jason A. Otkin, Trent W. Ford, and Lauren E. L. Lowman
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 1827–1851, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-1827-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-1827-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We simulate how dynamic vegetation interacts with the atmosphere during extreme drought events known as flash droughts. We find that plants nearly halt water and carbon exchanges and limit their growth during flash drought. This work has implications for how to account for changes in vegetation state during extreme drought events when making predictions under future climate scenarios.
R. Bradley Pierce, Monica Harkey, Allen Lenzen, Lee M. Cronce, Jason A. Otkin, Jonathan L. Case, David S. Henderson, Zac Adelman, Tsengel Nergui, and Christopher R. Hain
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9613–9635, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9613-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9613-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We evaluate two high-resolution model simulations with different meteorological inputs but identical chemistry and anthropogenic emissions, with the goal of identifying a model configuration best suited for characterizing air quality in locations where lake breezes commonly affect local air quality along the Lake Michigan shoreline. This analysis complements other studies in evaluating the impact of meteorological inputs and parameterizations on air quality in a complex environment.
Anam M. Khan, Paul C. Stoy, James T. Douglas, Martha Anderson, George Diak, Jason A. Otkin, Christopher Hain, Elizabeth M. Rehbein, and Joel McCorkel
Biogeosciences, 18, 4117–4141, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4117-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4117-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Remote sensing has played an important role in the study of land surface processes. Geostationary satellites, such as the GOES-R series, can observe the Earth every 5–15 min, providing us with more observations than widely used polar-orbiting satellites. Here, we outline current efforts utilizing geostationary observations in environmental science and look towards the future of GOES observations in the carbon cycle, ecosystem disturbance, and other areas of application in environmental science.
Mahmoud Osman, Benjamin F. Zaitchik, Hamada S. Badr, Jordan I. Christian, Tsegaye Tadesse, Jason A. Otkin, and Martha C. Anderson
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 565–581, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-565-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-565-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Our study of flash droughts' definitions over the United States shows that published definitions yield markedly different inventories of flash drought geography and frequency. Results suggest there are several pathways that can lead to events that are characterized as flash droughts. Lack of consensus across definitions helps to explain apparent contradictions in the literature on trends and indicates the selection of a definition is important for accurate monitoring of different mechanisms.
Summer Acker, Tracey Holloway, and Monica Harkey
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 8271–8288, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8271-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8271-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We studied how well satellites detect nitrogen dioxide, a harmful air pollutant, compared with the EPA's ground monitors across the US. Both satellites performed best in areas far from roads, where pollution is lower and more uniform. The newer TEMPO satellite, with hourly data, agreed most closely with monitors at midday and performed better than TROPOMI, a satellite with daily measurements. These findings highlight the ability of satellites to complement existing ground-based monitors.
Takashi Sekiya, Emanuele Emili, Kazuyuki Miyazaki, Antje Inness, Zhen Qu, R. Bradley Pierce, Dylan Jones, Helen Worden, William Y. Y. Cheng, Vincent Huijnen, and Gerbrand Koren
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 2243–2268, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2243-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2243-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Five global chemical reanalysis datasets were used to assess the relative impacts of assimilating satellite ozone and its precursor measurements on tropospheric ozone analyses for 2010. The multiple reanalysis system comparison allows an evaluation of the dependency of the impacts on different reanalysis systems. The results suggested the importance of satellite ozone and its precursor measurements for improving ozone analysis in the whole troposphere, with varying magnitudes among the systems.
Maggie Bruckner, R. Bradley Pierce, Allen Lenzen, Glenn Diskin, Josh DiGangi, Martine De Maziere, Nicholas Jones, and Maria Makarova
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2501, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2501, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
UFS-RAQMS incorporates the Real-time Air Quality Modeling System (RAQMS) stratosphere/troposphere chemistry into the existing NOAA Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS-Aerosol) version of NOAA's Unified Forecast System (UFS). Chemical data assimilation using TROPOMI CO column observations is conducted during the July-August-September 2019 period. Comparison of CO column with independent measurements shows a systematic low bias in biomass burning CO emissions without assimilation.
Maggie Bruckner, R. Bradley Pierce, and Allen Lenzen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10921–10945, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10921-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10921-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We analyze interannual variability in tropical tropospheric ozone by applying composite analysis, empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis, and multiple linear regression to the Real-time Air Quality Modeling System (RAQMS) Aura chemical reanalysis. We find that variability in biomass burning emissions contributes to El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability in tropical tropospheric ozone, though the dominant driver is convection.
Josie K. Radtke, Benjamin N. Kies, Whitney A. Mottishaw, Sydney M. Zeuli, Aidan T. H. Voon, Kelly L. Koerber, Grant W. Petty, Michael P. Vermeuel, Timothy H. Bertram, Ankur R. Desai, Joseph P. Hupy, R. Bradley Pierce, Timothy J. Wagner, and Patricia A. Cleary
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 2833–2847, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-2833-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-2833-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The use of uncrewed aircraft systems (UASs) to conduct a vertical profiling of ozone and meteorological variables was evaluated using comparisons between tower or ground observations and UAS-based measurements. Changes to the UAS profiler showed an improvement in performance. The profiler was used to see the impact of Chicago pollution plumes on a shoreline area near Lake Michigan.
Nicholas K. Corak, Jason A. Otkin, Trent W. Ford, and Lauren E. L. Lowman
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 1827–1851, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-1827-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-1827-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We simulate how dynamic vegetation interacts with the atmosphere during extreme drought events known as flash droughts. We find that plants nearly halt water and carbon exchanges and limit their growth during flash drought. This work has implications for how to account for changes in vegetation state during extreme drought events when making predictions under future climate scenarios.
R. Bradley Pierce, Monica Harkey, Allen Lenzen, Lee M. Cronce, Jason A. Otkin, Jonathan L. Case, David S. Henderson, Zac Adelman, Tsengel Nergui, and Christopher R. Hain
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9613–9635, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9613-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9613-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We evaluate two high-resolution model simulations with different meteorological inputs but identical chemistry and anthropogenic emissions, with the goal of identifying a model configuration best suited for characterizing air quality in locations where lake breezes commonly affect local air quality along the Lake Michigan shoreline. This analysis complements other studies in evaluating the impact of meteorological inputs and parameterizations on air quality in a complex environment.
Juanito Jerrold Mariano Acdan, Robert Bradley Pierce, Angela F. Dickens, Zachariah Adelman, and Tsengel Nergui
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7867–7885, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7867-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7867-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ozone is an air pollutant that is harmful to human health. Near the surface of Earth, ozone is created when other pollutants react in the presence of sunlight. This study uses satellite data to investigate how ozone levels can be decreased in the Lake Michigan region of the United States. Our results indicate that ozone levels can be decreased by decreasing volatile organic compound emissions in urban areas and decreasing nitrogen oxide emissions in the region as a whole.
James D. East, Barron H. Henderson, Sergey L. Napelenok, Shannon N. Koplitz, Golam Sarwar, Robert Gilliam, Allen Lenzen, Daniel Q. Tong, R. Bradley Pierce, and Fernando Garcia-Menendez
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 15981–16001, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15981-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15981-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We present a framework that uses a computer model of air quality, along with air pollution data from satellite instruments, to estimate emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) across the Northern Hemisphere. The framework, which advances current methods to infer emissions from satellite observations, provides observationally constrained NOx estimates, including in regions of the world where emissions are highly uncertain, and can improve simulations of air pollutants relevant for health and policy.
Rachel A. Bergin, Monica Harkey, Alicia Hoffman, Richard H. Moore, Bruce Anderson, Andreas Beyersdorf, Luke Ziemba, Lee Thornhill, Edward Winstead, Tracey Holloway, and Timothy H. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 15449–15468, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15449-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15449-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Correctly predicting aerosol surface area concentrations is important for determining the rate of heterogeneous reactions in chemical transport models. Here, we compare aircraft measurements of aerosol surface area with a regional model. In polluted air masses, we show that the model underpredicts aerosol surface area by a factor of 2. Despite this disagreement, the representation of heterogeneous chemistry still dominates the overall uncertainty in the loss rate of molecules such as N2O5.
Daniel L. Goldberg, Monica Harkey, Benjamin de Foy, Laura Judd, Jeremiah Johnson, Greg Yarwood, and Tracey Holloway
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 10875–10900, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10875-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10875-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
TROPOMI measurements offer a valuable means to validate emissions inventories and ozone formation regimes, with important limitations. Lightning NOx is important to account for in Texas and can contribute up to 24 % of the column NO2 in rural areas and 8 % in urban areas. Modeled NO2 in urban areas agrees with TROPOMI NO2 to within 20 % in most circumstances, with a small underestimate in Dallas (−13 %) and Houston (−20 %). Near Texas power plants, the satellite appears to underrepresent NO2.
Aditya Kumar, R. Bradley Pierce, Ravan Ahmadov, Gabriel Pereira, Saulo Freitas, Georg Grell, Chris Schmidt, Allen Lenzen, Joshua P. Schwarz, Anne E. Perring, Joseph M. Katich, John Hair, Jose L. Jimenez, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, and Hongyu Guo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 10195–10219, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10195-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10195-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We use the WRF-Chem model with new implementations of GOES-16 wildfire emissions and plume rise based on fire radiative power (FRP) to interpret aerosol observations during the 2019 NASA–NOAA FIREX-AQ field campaign and perform model evaluations. The model shows significant improvements in simulating the variety of aerosol loading environments sampled during FIREX-AQ. Our results also highlight the importance of accurate wildfire diurnal cycle and aerosol chemical mechanisms in models.
Xuanli Li, Jason B. Roberts, Jayanthi Srikishen, Jonathan L. Case, Walter A. Petersen, Gyuwon Lee, and Christopher R. Hain
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 5287–5308, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-5287-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-5287-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This research assimilated the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) satellite-retrieved ocean surface meteorology data into the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with the Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation (GSI) system. This was for two snowstorms during the International Collaborative Experiments for PyeongChang 2018 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games' (ICE-POP 2018) field experiments. The results indicated a positive impact of the data for short-term forecasts for heavy snowfall.
Patricia A. Cleary, Gijs de Boer, Joseph P. Hupy, Steven Borenstein, Jonathan Hamilton, Ben Kies, Dale Lawrence, R. Bradley Pierce, Joe Tirado, Aidan Voon, and Timothy Wagner
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 2129–2145, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2129-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2129-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A field campaign, WiscoDISCO-21, was conducted at the shoreline of Lake Michigan to better understand the role of marine air in pollutants. Two uncrewed aircraft systems were equipped with sensors for meteorological variables and ozone. A Doppler lidar instrument at a ground station measured horizontal and vertical winds. The overlap of observations from multiple instruments allowed for a unique mapping of the meteorology and pollutants as a marine air mass moved over land.
Xinxin Ye, Pargoal Arab, Ravan Ahmadov, Eric James, Georg A. Grell, Bradley Pierce, Aditya Kumar, Paul Makar, Jack Chen, Didier Davignon, Greg R. Carmichael, Gonzalo Ferrada, Jeff McQueen, Jianping Huang, Rajesh Kumar, Louisa Emmons, Farren L. Herron-Thorpe, Mark Parrington, Richard Engelen, Vincent-Henri Peuch, Arlindo da Silva, Amber Soja, Emily Gargulinski, Elizabeth Wiggins, Johnathan W. Hair, Marta Fenn, Taylor Shingler, Shobha Kondragunta, Alexei Lyapustin, Yujie Wang, Brent Holben, David M. Giles, and Pablo E. Saide
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 14427–14469, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14427-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14427-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Wildfire smoke has crucial impacts on air quality, while uncertainties in the numerical forecasts remain significant. We present an evaluation of 12 real-time forecasting systems. Comparison of predicted smoke emissions suggests a large spread in magnitudes, with temporal patterns deviating from satellite detections. The performance for AOD and surface PM2.5 and their discrepancies highlighted the role of accurately represented spatiotemporal emission profiles in improving smoke forecasts.
Anam M. Khan, Paul C. Stoy, James T. Douglas, Martha Anderson, George Diak, Jason A. Otkin, Christopher Hain, Elizabeth M. Rehbein, and Joel McCorkel
Biogeosciences, 18, 4117–4141, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4117-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4117-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Remote sensing has played an important role in the study of land surface processes. Geostationary satellites, such as the GOES-R series, can observe the Earth every 5–15 min, providing us with more observations than widely used polar-orbiting satellites. Here, we outline current efforts utilizing geostationary observations in environmental science and look towards the future of GOES observations in the carbon cycle, ecosystem disturbance, and other areas of application in environmental science.
Mahmoud Osman, Benjamin F. Zaitchik, Hamada S. Badr, Jordan I. Christian, Tsegaye Tadesse, Jason A. Otkin, and Martha C. Anderson
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 565–581, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-565-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-565-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Our study of flash droughts' definitions over the United States shows that published definitions yield markedly different inventories of flash drought geography and frequency. Results suggest there are several pathways that can lead to events that are characterized as flash droughts. Lack of consensus across definitions helps to explain apparent contradictions in the literature on trends and indicates the selection of a definition is important for accurate monitoring of different mechanisms.
Laura M. Judd, Jassim A. Al-Saadi, James J. Szykman, Lukas C. Valin, Scott J. Janz, Matthew G. Kowalewski, Henk J. Eskes, J. Pepijn Veefkind, Alexander Cede, Moritz Mueller, Manuel Gebetsberger, Robert Swap, R. Bradley Pierce, Caroline R. Nowlan, Gonzalo González Abad, Amin Nehrir, and David Williams
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 6113–6140, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-6113-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-6113-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This paper evaluates Sentinel-5P TROPOMI v1.2 NO2 tropospheric columns over New York City using data from airborne mapping spectrometers and a network of ground-based spectrometers (Pandora) collected in 2018. These evaluations consider impacts due to cloud parameters, a priori profile assumptions, and spatial and temporal variability. Overall, TROPOMI tropospheric NO2 columns appear to have a low bias in this region.
Cited articles
Appel, K. W., Gilliam, R. C., Davis, N., Zubrow, A., and Howard, S. C.:
Overview of the atmospheric model evaluation tool (amet) v1.1 for evaluating
meteorological and air quality models, Environ. Model. Softw., 26, 434–443,
2011.
Berg, A., Lindner, B. R., Findell, K. L., Malyshev, S., Loikith, P. C., and Gentine, P.: Impact of soil moisture–atmosphere
interactions on surface temperature distribution, J. Climate, 27,
7976–7993, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00591.1, 2014.
Blankenship, C. B., Case, J. L., Crosson, W. L., and Zavodsky, B. T.:
Correction of forcing-related artifacts in a land surface model by satellite
soil moisture data assimilation, IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett., 15,
498–502, https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2018.2805259, 2018.
Bloomer, B. J., Stehr, J. W., Piety, C. A., Salawitch, R. J., and Dickerson,
R. R.: Observed relationships of ozone air pollution with temperature and
emissions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L09803, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL037308, 2009.
Borge, R., Alexandrov, V., del Vas, J. J., Lumbreras, J., and Rodriguez, E.:
A comprehensive sensitivity analysis of the WRF model for air quality
applications over the Iberian Peninsula, Atmos. Environ., 42, 8560–8574, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.08.032, 2008.
Camalier, L., Cox, W., and Dolwick, P.: The effects of meteorology on ozone
in urban areas and their use in assessing ozone trends, Atmos. Environ., 41,
7127–7137, 2007.
Campbell, P. C., Bash, J. O., and Spero, T. L.: Updates to the Noah land
surface model in WRF-CMAQ to improve simulated meteorology, air quality, and
deposition, J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst., 11, 231–256, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001422, 2019.
Case, J. L.: From drought to flooding in less than a week over South
Carolina, Results Phys., 6, 1183–1184, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2016.11.012,
2016.
Case, J. L. and Zavodsky, B. T.: Evolution of 2016 drought in the
southeastern United States from a land surface modeling perspective, Results
Phys., 8, 654–656, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2017.12.029, 2018.
Case, J. L., Crosson, W. L., Kumar, S. V., Lapenta, W. M., and
Peters-Lidard, C. D.: Impacts of High-Resolution Land Surface Initialization
on Regional Sensible Weather Forecasts from the WRF Model, J. Hydrometeorol.,
9, 1249–1266, 2008.
Case, J. L., LaFontaine, F. J., Bell, J. R., Jedlovec, G. J., Kumar, S. V., and Peters-Lidard, C. D.: A real-time MODIS vegetation product for land surface and numerical weather prediction models, IEEE T. Geosci. Remote, 52, 1772–1786, https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2013.2255059, 2014.
Chen, F. and Dudhia, J.: Coupling an advanced land-surface/hydrology model
with the Penn State/NCAR MM5 modeling system. Part I: Model description and
implementation, Mon. Weather Rev., 129, 569–585, 2001.
Cintineo, R., Otkin, J. A., Kong, F., and Xue, M.: Evaluating the accuracy
of planetary boundary layer and cloud microphysical parameterization schemes
in a convection-permitting ensemble using synthetic GOES-13 satellite
observations, Mon. Weather Rev., 142, 163–182, 2014.
Cleary, P. A., Fuhrman, N., Schulz, L., Schafer, J., Fillingham, J., Bootsma, H., McQueen, J., Tang, Y., Langel, T., McKeen, S., Williams, E. J., and Brown, S. S.: Ozone distributions over southern Lake Michigan: comparisons between ferry-based observations, shoreline-based DOAS observations and model forecasts, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 5109–5122, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-5109-2015, 2015.
Coates, J., Mar, K. A., Ojha, N., and Butler, T. M.: The influence of temperature on ozone production under varying NOx conditions – a modelling study, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 11601–11615, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-11601-2016, 2016.
Dawson, J. P., Adams, P. J., and Pandis, S. N.: Sensitivity of ozone to
summertime climate in the eastern USA: A modeling case study, Atmos.
Environ., 41, 1494–1511, 2007.
Ding, H. and Zhu, Y.: GVF Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document, NDR
Vegetation Products System Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document,
NOAA/NESDIS, 62 pp., https://www.ospo.noaa.gov/Products/documents/GVF_ATBD_V4.0.pdf (last access: 13 July 2023), 2018.
Dirmeyer, P. A. and Halder, S.: Sensitivity of numerical weather
forecasts to initial soil moisture variations in CFSv2, Weather Forecast., 31, 1973–1983, https://doi.org/10.1175/WAF-D-16-0049.1, 2016.
Dye, T. S., Roberts, P. T. and Korc, M. E.: Observations of transport
processes for ozone and ozone precursors during the 1991 Lake Michigan Ozone
Study, J. Appl. Meteorol., 34, 1877–1889,
https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(1995)034<1877:OOTPFO>2.0.CO;2, 1995.
Ek, M. B., Mitchell, K. E., Lin, Y., Rogers, E., Grunmann, P., Koren, V., Gayno, G., and Tarpley, J. D.: Implementation of Noah land surface model advances in the National Centers for Environmental Prediction operational mesoscale Eta model, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 8851, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD003296, 2003.
Foley, T., Betterton, E. A., Robert Jacko, P. E., and Hillery, J.: Lake
Michigan air quality: The 1994–2003 LADCO Aircraft Project (LAP), Atmos.
Environ., 45, 3192–3202, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.02.033,
2011.
Gilliam, R. C. and Pleim, J. E.: Performance assessment of new land surface
and planetary boundary layer physics in the WRF-ARW, J. Appl. Meteorol.
Clim., 49, 760–774, https://doi.org/10.1175/2009JAMC2126.1, 2010.
Greenwald, T. J., Pierce, R. B., Schaack, T., Otkin, J. A., Rogal, M., Bah,
K., and Huang, H.-L.: Near real-time production of simulated GOES-R Advanced
Baseline Imager data for user readiness and product validation, B. Am.
Meteorol. Soc., 97, 245–261, 2016.
Griffin, S. M., Otkin, J. A., Nebuda, S. E., Jensen, T. L., Skinner, P. S., Gilleland, E., Supine, T. A., and Sue, M.: Evaluating the impact of planetary boundary layer, land surface model, and microphysics parameterization schemes on upper-level cloud objects in simulated GOES-16 brightness temperatures, J.
Geophys. Res.-Atmos, 126, e2021JD034709, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD034709, 2021.
Gutman, G., Tarpley, D., Ignatov, A., and Olson, S.: The enhanced NOAA
global land data set from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer,
B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 76, 1141–1156, 1995.
Harkey, M. and Holloway, T.: Constrained dynamical downscaling for
assessment of climate impacts, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 118, 2316–2148, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50223, 2013.
Henderson, D. S., Otkin, J. A., and Mecikalski, J. R.: Evaluating convective
initiation in high-resolution numerical weather prediction models using
GOES-16 infrared brightness temperatures, Mon. Weather Rev., 149, 1153–1172,
2021.
Hong, S.-Y.: A new stable boundary-layer mixing scheme and its impact on the
simulated East Asian summer monsoon, Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 136,
1481–1496, 2010.
Hong, S.-Y., Noh, Y., and Dudhia, J.: A new vertical diffusion package with
explicit treatment of entrainment processes, Mon. Weather Rev., 134,
2318–2341, https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR3199.1, 2006.
Hu, X., Nielsen-Gammon, J. W., and Zhang, F.: Evaluation of three planetary
boundary layer schemes in the WRF model, J. Appl. Meteorol. Clim., 49,
1831–1844, 2010.
Huang, M., Carmichael, G. R., Crawford, J. H., Wisthaler, A., Zhan, X., Hain, C. R., Lee, P., and Guenther, A. B.: Biogenic isoprene emissions driven by regional weather predictions using different initialization methods: case studies during the SEAC4RS and DISCOVER-AQ airborne campaigns, Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 3085–3104, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-3085-2017, 2017.
Iacono, M. J., Delamere, J. S., Mlawer, E. J., Shephard, M. W., Clough, S.
A., and Collins, W. D.: Radiative forcing by long-lived greenhouse gases:
Calculations with the AER radiative transfer models, J. Geophys. Res.,
113, D13103, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JD009944, 2008.
Jacob, D. J. and Winner, D. A.: Effect of climate change on air quality,
Atmos. Environ., 43, 51–63, 2009.
Jin, S., Yang, L., Danielson, P., Homer, C., Fry, J., and Xian, G.: A
comprehensive change detection method for updating the National Land Cover
Database to circa 2011, Remote Sens. Environ., 132, 159–175, 2013.
Kain, J. S.: The Kain-Fritsch convective parameterization: An update, J.
Appl. Meteorol. Clim., 43, 170–181, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(2004)043<0170:TKCPAU>2.0.CO;2, 2004.
Kumar, S. V., Peters-Lidard, C. D., Tian, Y., Houser, P. R., Geiger, J., Olden, S., Lighty, L., Eastman, J. L., Doty, B., Dirmeyer, P., Adams, J., Mitchell, K., Wood, E. F., and Sheffield, J.: Land Information System – An Interoperable
Framework for High Resolution Land Surface Modeling, Environ. Model. Softw., 21, 1402–1415, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2005.07.004, 2006.
Lennartson, G. J. and Schwartz, M. D.: The lake breeze-ground-level ozone
connection in eastern Wisconsin: A climatological perspective, Int. J.
Climatol., 22, 1347–1364, https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.802, 2002.
Lyons, W. A. and Olsson, L. E.: Detailed mesometeorological studies of
air pollution dispersion in the Chicago lake breeze, Mon. Weather Rev., 101,
387–403, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1973)101<0387:DMSOAP>2.3.CO;2, 1973.
Miller, J., Barlage, M., Zeng, X., Wei, H., Mitchell, K., and Tarpley, D.: Sensitivity of the NCEP/Noah land surface model to the MODIS green vegetation fraction data set, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L13404, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL026636, 2006.
Mlawer, E. J., Taubman, S. J., Brown, P. D., Iacono, M. J., and Clough, S.
A.: Radiative transfer for inhomogenerous atmospheres: Rrtm, a validated
correlated-k model for the longwave, J. Geophys. Res., 102,
16663–16682, https://doi.org/10.1029/97JD00237, 1997.
Morrison, H., Curry, J. A., and Khvorostyanov, V. I.: A new double-moment
microphysics parameterization for application in cloud and climate models.
Part 1: Description, J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 1665–1677, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS3446.1,
2005.
NCEI: May 2017 national climate report, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/national/201705 (last access: 9 May 2022), 2017.
Odman, M. T., White, A. T., Doty, K., McNider, R. T., Pour-Biazar, A., Qin, M., Hu, Y., Knipping, E., Wu, Y., and Dornblaser, B.: Examination of nudging schemes in the
simulation of meteorology for use in air quality experiments: Application in
the Great Lakes Region, J. Appl. Meteorol. Clim., 58, 2421–2436, 2019.
Otte, T. L.: The impact of nudging in the meteorological model for
retrospective air quality simulations. Part I: evaluation against national
observation networks, J. Appl. Meteorol. Clim., 47, 1853–1867, https://doi.org/10.1175/2007JAMC1790.1, 2008a.
Otte, T. L.: The impact of nudging in the meteorological model for
retrospective air quality simulations. Part II: evaluating collocated
meteorological and air quality observations, J. Appl. Meteorol. Clim., 47,
1868–1887, https://doi.org/10.1175/2007JAMC1791.1, 2008b.
Otte, T. L., Nolte, C. G., Otte, M. J., and Bowden, J. H.: Does nudging
squelch the extremes in regional climate modeling?, J. Climate, 25, 7046–7066, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00048.1, 2012.
Pierce, R. B., Harkey, M., Lenzen, A., Cronce, L. M., Otkin, J. A., Case, J. L., Henderson, D. S., Adelman, Z., Nergui, T., and Hain, C. R.: High resolution CMAQ simulations of ozone exceedance events during the Lake Michigan Ozone Study, EGUsphere [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-152, 2023.
Pleim, J. E.: A combined local and nonlocal closure model for the
atmospheric boundary layer. Part 1: Model description and testing, J. Appl.
Meteorol. Climatol., 46, 1383–1395, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAM2539.1, 2007.
Pleim, J. E. and Gilliam, R.: An indirect data assimilation scheme for deep
soil temperature in the Pleim-Xiu land surface model. J. Appl. Meteorol.
Clim., 48, 1362–1376, https://doi.org/10.1175/2009JAMC2053.1, 2009.
Pleim, J. E. and Xiu, A.: Development of a land surface model. Part II:
data assimilation, J. Appl. Meteorol., 42, 1811–1822,
https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(2003)042<1811:DOALSM>2.0.CO;2, 2003.
Porter, W. C. and Heald, C. L.: The mechanisms and meteorological drivers of the summertime ozone–temperature relationship, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 13367–13381, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-13367-2019, 2019.
Powers, J. G., Klemp, J. B., Skamarock, W. C., Davis, C. A., Dudhia, J., Gill, D. O., Coen, J. L., Gochis, D. J., Ahmadov, R., Peckham, S. E., Grell, G. A., Michalakes, J., Trahan, S., Benjamin, S. G., Alexander, C. R., Diego, G. J., Wang, W., Schwartz, C. S., Romine, G. S., Liu, Z., Snyder, C., Chen, F., Barlage, M. J., Yu, W., and Duda, M.: The weather research and forecasting model:
Overview, system efforts, and future directions, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc.,
98, 1717–1737, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-15-00308.1, 2017.
Pusede, S. E., Gentner, D. R., Wooldridge, P. J., Browne, E. C., Rollins, A. W., Min, K.-E., Russell, A. R., Thomas, J., Zhang, L., Brune, W. H., Henry, S. B., DiGangi, J. P., Keutsch, F. N., Harrold, S. A., Thornton, J. A., Beaver, M. R., St. Clair, J. M., Wennberg, P. O., Sanders, J., Ren, X., VandenBoer, T. C., Markovic, M. Z., Guha, A., Weber, R., Goldstein, A. H., and Cohen, R. C.: On the temperature dependence of organic reactivity, nitrogen oxides, ozone production, and the impact of emission controls in San Joaquin Valley, California, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 3373–3395, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-3373-2014, 2014.
Ragland, K. and Samson, P.: Ozone and visibility reduction in the Midwest:
evidence for large-scale transport, J. Appl. Meteorol., 16, 1101–1106,
1977.
Santanello, J. A., Dirmeyer, P. A., Ferguson, C. R., Findell, K. L., Tawfik, A. B., Berg, A., Ek, M., Gentine, P., Guild, B. P., van Heerwaarden, C., Rounder, J., and Wulfmeyer, V.: Land-atmosphere interactions the LoCo
perspective, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 99, 1253–1272, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0001.1, 2018.
Santanello Jr., J. A., Lawston, P., Kumar, S., and Dennis, E.: Understanding
the impacts of soil moisture initial conditions on NWP in the context of
land–atmosphere coupling, J. Hydrometeorol., 20, 793–819, https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-18-0186.1, 2019.
Schwab, D. J., Leshkevich, G. A., and Muhr, G. C.: Satellite measurements of
surface water temperature in the Great Lakes: Great Lakes Coast
Watch, J. Great Lakes Res., 18, 247–258, 1992.
Schwingshackl, C., Hirschi, M., and Seneviratne, S. I.: Quantifying
spatiotemporal variations of soil moisture control on surface energy balance
and near-surface air temperature, J. Climate, 30, 7105–7124, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0727.1, 2017.
Stanier, C. O., Pierce, R. B., Abdi-Oskouei, M., Adelman, Z. E., Al-Saadi, J., Alle, H. D., Bertram, T. H., Carmichael, G. R., Christiansen, M. B., Cleary, P. A., Czarnetzki, A. C., Dickens, A. F., Fuoco, M. A., Hughes, D. D., Hupy, J. P., Janz, S. J., Judd, L. M., Kenski, D., Kowalewski, M. G., Long, R. W., Millet, D. B., Novak, G., Roozitalab, B., Shaw, S. L., Stone, E. A., Szykman, J., Valin, L, Vermeuel, M., Wagner, T. J., Whitehill, A. R., and Williams, D. J.: Overview of the Lake Michigan Ozone Study,
B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 102, E2208–E2225, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0061.1, 2021.
Sutton, C., Hamill, T. M., and Warner, T. T.: Will perturbing soil moisture
improve warm-season ensemble forecasts? A proof of concept, Mon. Weather
Rev., 134, 3174–3189, 2006.
Thompson, G., Field, P. R., Rasmussen, R. M., and Hall, W. D.: Explicit
forecasts of winter precipitation using an improved bulk microphysics
scheme. Part II: Implementation of a new snow parameterization, Mon. Weather
Rev., 136, 5095–5115, 2008.
Thompson, G., Tewari, M., Ikeda, K., Tessendorf, S., Weeks, C., Otkin, J., and Kong, F.: Explicitly-coupled cloud physics and radiation parameterizations and subsequent evaluation in WRF high-resolution convective forecasts, Atmos. Res., 168, 92–104, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2015.09.005, 2016.
Torres-Vazquez, A., Pleim, J., Gilliam, R., and Pouliot, G.: Performance
evaluation of the meteorology and air quality conditions from multiscale
WRF-CMAQ simulations for the Long Island Sound Tropospheric Ozone Study
(LISTOS), J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 127, e2021JD035890, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD035890, 2022.
Vargas, M., Jiang, Z., Ju, J., and Csiszar, I. A.: Real-time daily rolling
weekly Green Vegetation Fraction (GVF) derived from the Visible Imaging
Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) sensor onboard the SNPP satellite, Preprints, 20th
Conf. Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography, 5–8 January 2015, Phoenix, AZ, Amer. Meteor. Soc., P210, http://ams.confex.com/ams/95Annual/webprogram/Paper259494.html (last
access: 9 May 2022), 2015.
Wang, X., Parrish, D., Kleist, D., and Whitaker, J.: GSI 3DVar-based
Ensemble-variational hybrid data assimilation for NCEP Global Forecast
System: Single-resolution experiments, Mon. Weather Rev., 141, 4098–4117,
https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-12-00141.1, 2013.
Wang, Y., Lin, N., Li, W., Guenther, A., Lam, J. C. Y., Tai, A. P. K., Potosnak, M. J., and Seco, R.: Satellite-derived constraints on the effect of drought stress on biogenic isoprene emissions in the southeastern US, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 14189–14208, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14189-2022, 2022.
Welty, J. and Zeng, X.: Does soil moisture affect warm season precipitation
over the Southern Great Plains?, Geophys. Res. Lett., 45, 7866–7873, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL078598, 2018.
Wiedinmyer, C., Tie, X., Guenther, A., Neilson, R., and Granier, C.: Future
Changes in Biogenic Isoprene Emissions: How Might They Affect Regional and
Global Atmospheric Chemistry?, Earth Interact., 10, 1–19, 2006.
Xia, Y., Mitchell, K., Ek, M. Sheffield, J., Cosgrove, B., Wood, E., Lou, L., Alonge, C., Wei, H., Meng, J., Livneh, B., Lettenmaier, D., Korea, V., Duan, Q., Mo, K., Fan, Y., and Mocko, D.: Continental-scale water and energy flux analysis and validation for the North-American Land Data Assimilation System Project Phase 2 (NLDAS-2), Part 1: Intercomparison and application of model
products, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 117, D03109, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016048,
2012.
Xiu, A. and Pleim, J. E.: Development of a land surface model. Part 1:
Application in a mesoscale meteorological model, J. Appl. Meteorol., 40,
192–209, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(2001)040<0192:DOALSM>2.0.CO;2, 2001.
Yin, J., Zhan, X., Zheng, Y., Hain, C. R., Ek, M., Wen, J., Fang, L.,
and Liu, J.: Improving Noah land surface model performance using near real
time surface albedo and green vegetation fraction, Agr. Forest
Meteorol., 218–219, 171–183, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2015.12.001, 2016.
Zhang, J., Howard, K., Langston, C., Kaney, B., Qi, Y., Tang, L., Grams, H., Wang, Y., Cocks, S., Martinaitis, S., Arthur, A., Cooper, K., Brogden, J., and Kitzmiller, D.: Multi-Radar Multi-Sensor (MRMS) Quantitative
Precipitation Estimation: Initial operating capabilities, B. Am.
Meteorol. Soc., 97, 621–637, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00174.1, 2016.
Short summary
We performed model simulations to assess the impact of different parameterization schemes, surface initialization datasets, and analysis nudging on lower-tropospheric conditions near Lake Michigan. Simulations were run with high-resolution, real-time datasets depicting lake surface temperatures, green vegetation fraction, and soil moisture. The most accurate results were obtained when using high-resolution sea surface temperature and soil datasets to constrain the model simulations.
We performed model simulations to assess the impact of different parameterization schemes,...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint