Articles | Volume 21, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3949-2021
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3949-2021
Research article
 | 
17 Mar 2021
Research article |  | 17 Mar 2021

The prevalence of precipitation from polar supercooled clouds

Israel Silber, Ann M. Fridlind, Johannes Verlinde, Andrew S. Ackerman, Grégory V. Cesana, and Daniel A. Knopf

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Cited articles

Alpert, P. A., Aller, J. Y., and Knopf, D. A.: Initiation of the ice phase by marine biogenic surfaces in supersaturated gas and supercooled aqueous phases, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 13, 19882–19894, https://doi.org/10.1039/C1CP21844A, 2011. 
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) user facility: Balloon-Borne Sounding System (SONDEWNPN). 2011-11-01 to 2019-04-30, North Slope Alaska (NSA) Central Facility, Barrow AK (C1), compiled by: Keeler, E., Ritsche, M., Coulter, R., Kyrouac, J., and Holdridge, D., ARM Data Center, https://doi.org/10.5439/1021460, 2002. 
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) user facility: MWR Retrievals (MWRRET1LILJCLOU). 2011-11-01 to 2019-04-30, North Slope Alaska (NSA) Central Facility, Barrow AK (C1), compiled by: Gaustad, K., Riihimaki, L., and Zhang, D., ARM Data Center, https://doi.org/10.5439/1285691, 2011a. 
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) user facility: KAZR Corrected Data (KAZRCORGE). 2011-11-11 to 2014-02-07, North Slope Alaska (NSA) Central Facility, Barrow AK (C1), compiled by: Johnson, K., Toto, T., and Jensen, M., ARM Data Center, https://doi.org/10.5439/1228770, 2011b. 
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) user facility: KAZR Corrected Data (KAZRCORMD). 2011-11-11 to 2014-02-07, North Slope Alaska (NSA) Central Facility, Barrow AK (C1), compiled by: Giangrande, S., ARM Data Center, https://doi.org/10.5439/1350634, 2011c. 
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Short summary
Long-term ground-based radar and sounding measurements over Alaska (Antarctica) indicate that more than 85 % (75 %) of supercooled clouds are precipitating at cloud base and that 75 % (50 %) are precipitating to the surface. Such high prevalence is reconciled with lesser spaceborne estimates by considering radar sensitivity. Results provide a strong observational constraint for polar cloud processes in large-scale models.
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