Articles | Volume 24, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3257-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3257-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
15 Mar 2024
Research article |
| 15 Mar 2024
| 15 Mar 2024
Oxidative potential apportionment of atmospheric PM1: a new approach combining high-sensitive online analysers for chemical composition and offline OP measurement technique
Julie Camman
Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LCE, Marseille, France
Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, IGE (UMR 5001), 38000 Grenoble, France
Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LCE, Marseille, France
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), 5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
Nicolas Marchand
Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LCE, Marseille, France
Amandine Durand
Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LCE, Marseille, France
Grégory Gille
AtmoSud, Regional Network for Air Quality Monitoring of Provence-Alpes-Côte-d'Azur, Marseille, France
Ludovic Lanzi
AtmoSud, Regional Network for Air Quality Monitoring of Provence-Alpes-Côte-d'Azur, Marseille, France
Jean-Luc Jaffrezo
Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, IGE (UMR 5001), 38000 Grenoble, France
Henri Wortham
Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LCE, Marseille, France
Gaëlle Uzu
Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, IGE (UMR 5001), 38000 Grenoble, France
Related authors
No articles found.
Manon Rocco, Julien Kammer, Mathieu Santonja, Brice Temime-Roussel, Cassandra Saignol, Caroline Lecareux, Etienne Quivet, Henri Wortham, and Elena Ormeño
Biogeosciences, 22, 3661–3680, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-3661-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-3661-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Soil emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) play a significant role in ecosystems, yet the impact of litter accumulation on these emissions is often overlooked, particularly in Mediterranean deciduous forests. A study in downy oak forest identified over 135 BVOCs, with many being absorbed by the soil, while others were emitted and increased with litter biomass. This underscores the critical role of litter and microbial activity in shaping soil BVOC dynamics under a changing climate.
Vy Ngoc Thuy Dinh, Gaëlle Uzu, Pamela Dominutti, Stéphane Sauvage, Rhabira Elazzouzi, Sophie Darfeuil, Céline Voiron, Abdoulaye Samaké, Shouwen Zhang, Stéphane Socquet, Olivier Favez, and Jean-Luc Jaffrezo
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1968, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1968, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
PMF is widely used for apportion the source of particulate matter. However, the inherent model has some subjective aspects which should be reduce to ensure the robustness of the result. To do so, this study developed a systematic method, by performing tests on the input and the result validation. Finally, we proposed recommendations for input selection and result validation. A Python package is developed, providing advanced tools for input preparation, validation and visualization results.
Vy Ngoc Thuy Dinh, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Pamela Dominutti, Rhabira Elazzouzi, Sophie Darfeuil, Céline Voiron, Anouk Marsal, Stéphane Socquet, Gladys Mary, Julie Cozic, Catherine Coulaud, Marc Durif, Olivier Favez, and Gaëlle Uzu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2933, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2933, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term particulate matter (PM) filter sampling at a French urban background and temperature measurements at different altitudes were used to investigate decadal trends of the main PM sources and related oxidative potential metrics. Positive Matrix Factorization analyses were conducted on the corresponding 11-year dataset, which determined ten PM sources. Temporal evolution of these sources is investigated, highlighting a strong downward trend of anthropogenic sources over 11 years.
Lise Le Berre, Brice Temime-Roussel, Grazia Maria Lanzafame, Barbara D'Anna, Nicolas Marchand, Stéphane Sauvage, Marvin Dufresne, Liselotte Tinel, Thierry Leonardis, Joel Ferreira de Brito, Alexandre Armengaud, Grégory Gille, Ludovic Lanzi, Romain Bourjot, and Henri Wortham
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 6575–6605, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6575-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6575-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
A summer campaign in a Mediterranean port examined pollution caused by ships. Two stations in the port measured pollution levels and captured over 350 ship plumes to study their chemical composition. Results showed that pollution levels, such as ultra-fine particles, were higher in the port than in the city and offer strong support to improve emission inventories. These findings may also serve as reference to assess the benefits of a sulfur Emission Control Area in the Mediterranean in 2025.
Pauline Bros, Sophie Darfeuil, Véronique Jacob, Rhabira Elazzouzi, Dielleza Tusha, Tristan Rousseau, Julian Weng, Patrik Winiger, Imad El Haddad, Christoph Hueglin, Gaëlle Uzu, and Jean-Luc Jaffrezo
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1951, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1951, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We present and validate a UHPLC-MS/MS method for the quantification of 21 sugars in atmospheric particulate matter. The method is fast, sensitive, and suitable for low-mass samples. Its application to a 6-year dataset from the Jungfraujoch site highlights its potential for source identification and understanding of biogenic and biomass burning tracers.
Quentin Gunti, Benjamin Chazeau, Brice Temime-Roussel, Irène Xueref-Remy, Alexandre Armengaud, Henri Wortham, and Barbara D'Anna
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2215, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2215, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
A measurement campaign in Toulon’s port area in September 2021 showed a decrease in sulfur-related emissions in both gaseous and particulate phases, while soot, organics and PAHs, remained at pre-IMO regulation levels. PMF analysis attributed 5.6% and 11.2% of OA mass to road and maritime traffic, respectively, with PAHs mostly emitted by these sectors (31% and 35%), highlighting the need for monitoring shipping emissions as the Mediterranean becomes a Sulfur Emission Control Area in May 2025.
Marvin Dufresne, Thérèse Salameh, Thierry Leonardis, Grégory Gille, Alexandre Armengaud, and Stéphane Sauvage
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 5977–5999, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5977-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5977-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This paper discusses the 18-month-long measurement of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in Marseille, where there was no measurement since early 2000, despite the impact of NMHCs on air quality and climate. Traffic-related sources are the largest contributor to NMHC concentrations in Marseille, and shipping strongly contributes to the formation of aerosols. Finally, the Covid-19 lockdown had an impact on NMHC concentrations, reaching a 50 % decrease for traffic-related sources.
Albane Barbero, Guilhem Freche, Luc Piard, Lucile Richard, Takoua Mhadhbi, Anouk Marsal, Stephan Houdier, Julie Camman, Mathilde Brezins, Benjamin Golly, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, and Gaëlle Uzu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2021, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Air pollution can harm our health by triggering harmful chemical reactions in our lungs. To better understand this, we developed a new instrument that measures how air particles may cause such effects in near real time. Unlike current methods that may miss key signals, our system captures and analyzes air more efficiently and continuously. Our results show it works reliably, offering a promising new tool to monitor pollution’s health impacts more accurately.
Laura Cadeo, Beatrice Biffi, Benjamin Chazeau, Cristina Colombi, Rosario Cosenza, Eleonora Cuccia, Manousos-Ioannis Manousakas, Kaspar R. Daellenbach, André S. H. Prévôt, and Roberta Vecchi
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-110, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-110, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents the deployment of the Xact® 625i Ambient Metals Monitor in Milan (Po Valley, Italy) and its performance in measuring PM10 elemental composition at a high temporal resolution. Our findings demonstrate strong agreement between online and offline XRF analyses, underscoring the potential of advanced monitoring technologies for air quality research.
Hector Navarro-Barboza, Jordi Rovira, Vincenzo Obiso, Andrea Pozzer, Marta Via, Andres Alastuey, Xavier Querol, Noemi Perez, Marjan Savadkoohi, Gang Chen, Jesus Yus-Díez, Matic Ivancic, Martin Rigler, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Stergios Vratolis, Olga Zografou, Maria Gini, Benjamin Chazeau, Nicolas Marchand, Andre S. H. Prevot, Kaspar Dallenbach, Mikael Ehn, Krista Luoma, Tuukka Petäjä, Anna Tobler, Jaroslaw Necki, Minna Aurela, Hilkka Timonen, Jarkko Niemi, Olivier Favez, Jean-Eudes Petit, Jean-Philippe Putaud, Christoph Hueglin, Nicolas Pascal, Aurélien Chauvigné, Sébastien Conil, Marco Pandolfi, and Oriol Jorba
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 2667–2694, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2667-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2667-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Brown carbon (BrC) absorbs ultraviolet (UV) and visible light, influencing climate. This study explores BrC's imaginary refractive index (k) using data from 12 European sites. Residential emissions are a major organic aerosol (OA) source in winter, while secondary organic aerosol (SOA) dominates in summer. Source-specific k values were derived, improving model accuracy. The findings highlight BrC's climate impact and emphasize source-specific constraints in atmospheric models.
Xiansheng Liu, Xun Zhang, Marvin Dufresne, Tao Wang, Lijie Wu, Rosa Lara, Roger Seco, Marta Monge, Ana Maria Yáñez-Serrano, Marie Gohy, Paul Petit, Audrey Chevalier, Marie-Pierre Vagnot, Yann Fortier, Alexia Baudic, Véronique Ghersi, Grégory Gille, Ludovic Lanzi, Valérie Gros, Leïla Simon, Heidi Héllen, Stefan Reimann, Zoé Le Bras, Michelle Jessy Müller, David Beddows, Siqi Hou, Zongbo Shi, Roy M. Harrison, William Bloss, James Dernie, Stéphane Sauvage, Philip K. Hopke, Xiaoli Duan, Taicheng An, Alastair C. Lewis, James R. Hopkins, Eleni Liakakou, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, Xiaohu Zhang, Andrés Alastuey, Xavier Querol, and Thérèse Salameh
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 625–638, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-625-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-625-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study examines BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes) pollution in urban areas across seven European countries. Analyzing data from 22 monitoring sites, we found traffic and industrial activities significantly impact BTEX levels, with peaks during rush hours. The risk from BTEX exposure remains moderate, especially in high-traffic and industrial zones, highlighting the need for targeted air quality management to protect public health and improve urban air quality.
Diego Aliaga, Victoria A. Sinclair, Radovan Krejci, Marcos Andrade, Paulo Artaxo, Luis Blacutt, Runlong Cai, Samara Carbone, Yvette Gramlich, Liine Heikkinen, Dominic Heslin-Rees, Wei Huang, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Alkuin Maximilian Koenig, Markku Kulmala, Paolo Laj, Valeria Mardoñez-Balderrama, Claudia Mohr, Isabel Moreno, Pauli Paasonen, Wiebke Scholz, Karine Sellegri, Laura Ticona, Gaëlle Uzu, Fernando Velarde, Alfred Wiedensohler, Doug Worsnop, Cheng Wu, Chen Xuemeng, Qiaozhi Zha, and Federico Bianchi
Aerosol Research, 3, 15–44, https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-3-15-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-3-15-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study examines new particle formation (NPF) in the Bolivian Andes at Chacaltaya mountain (CHC) and the urban El Alto–La Paz area (EAC). Days are clustered into four categories based on NPF intensity. Differences in particle size, precursor gases, and pollution levels are found. High NPF intensities increased Aitken mode particle concentrations at both sites, while volcanic influence selectively diminished NPF intensity at CHC but not EAC. This study highlights NPF dynamics in the Andes.
Pamela A. Dominutti, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Anouk Marsal, Takoua Mhadhbi, Rhabira Elazzouzi, Camille Rak, Fabrizia Cavalli, Jean-Philippe Putaud, Aikaterini Bougiatioti, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, Despina Paraskevopoulou, Ian Mudway, Athanasios Nenes, Kaspar R. Daellenbach, Catherine Banach, Steven J. Campbell, Hana Cigánková, Daniele Contini, Greg Evans, Maria Georgopoulou, Manuella Ghanem, Drew A. Glencross, Maria Rachele Guascito, Hartmut Herrmann, Saima Iram, Maja Jovanović, Milena Jovašević-Stojanović, Markus Kalberer, Ingeborg M. Kooter, Suzanne E. Paulson, Anil Patel, Esperanza Perdrix, Maria Chiara Pietrogrande, Pavel Mikuška, Jean-Jacques Sauvain, Katerina Seitanidi, Pourya Shahpoury, Eduardo J. d. S. Souza, Sarah Steimer, Svetlana Stevanovic, Guillaume Suarez, P. S. Ganesh Subramanian, Battist Utinger, Marloes F. van Os, Vishal Verma, Xing Wang, Rodney J. Weber, Yuhan Yang, Xavier Querol, Gerard Hoek, Roy M. Harrison, and Gaëlle Uzu
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 177–195, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-177-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-177-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, 20 labs worldwide collaborated to evaluate the measurement of air pollution's oxidative potential (OP), a key indicator of its harmful effects. The study aimed to identify disparities in the widely used OP dithiothreitol assay and assess the consistency of OP among labs using the same protocol. The results showed that half of the labs achieved acceptable results. However, variability was also found, highlighting the need for standardisation in OP procedures.
Amna Ijaz, Brice Temime-Roussel, Benjamin Chazeau, Sarah Albertin, Stephen R. Arnold, Brice Barrett, Slimane Bekki, Natalie Brett, Meeta Cesler-Maloney, Elsa Dieudonne, Kayane K. Dingilian, Javier G. Fochesatto, Jingqiu Mao, Allison Moon, Joel Savarino, William Simpson, Rodney J. Weber, Kathy S. Law, and Barbara D'Anna
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3789, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3789, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Fairbanks is among the most polluted cities with the highest particulate matter (PM) levels in the US during winters. Highly time-resolved measurements of the sub-micron PM elucidated residential heating with wood and oil and hydrocarbon-like organics from traffic, as well as sulphur-containing organic aerosol, to be the key pollution sources. Remarkable differences existed between complementary instruments, warranting the deployment of multiple tools at sites with wide-ranging influences.
Hasna Chebaicheb, Joel F. de Brito, Tanguy Amodeo, Florian Couvidat, Jean-Eudes Petit, Emmanuel Tison, Gregory Abbou, Alexia Baudic, Mélodie Chatain, Benjamin Chazeau, Nicolas Marchand, Raphaële Falhun, Florie Francony, Cyril Ratier, Didier Grenier, Romain Vidaud, Shouwen Zhang, Gregory Gille, Laurent Meunier, Caroline Marchand, Véronique Riffault, and Olivier Favez
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 5089–5109, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5089-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-5089-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term (2015–2021) quasi-continuous measurements have been obtained at 13 French urban sites using online mass spectrometry, to acquire the comprehensive chemical composition of submicron particulate matter. The results show their spatial and temporal differences and confirm the predominance of organics in France (40–60 %). These measurements can be used for many future studies, such as trend and epidemiological analyses, or comparisons with chemical transport models.
Valeria Mardoñez-Balderrama, Griša Močnik, Marco Pandolfi, Robin L. Modini, Fernando Velarde, Laura Renzi, Angela Marinoni, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Isabel Moreno R., Diego Aliaga, Federico Bianchi, Claudia Mohr, Martin Gysel-Beer, Patrick Ginot, Radovan Krejci, Alfred Wiedensohler, Gaëlle Uzu, Marcos Andrade, and Paolo Laj
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12055–12077, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12055-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12055-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Levels of black carbon (BC) are scarcely reported in the Southern Hemisphere, especially in high-altitude conditions. This study provides insight into the concentration level, variability, and optical properties of BC in La Paz and El Alto and at the Chacaltaya Global Atmosphere Watch Station. Two methods of source apportionment of absorption were tested and compared showing traffic as the main contributor to absorption in the urban area, in addition to biomass and open waste burning.
Matthieu Vida, Gilles Foret, Guillaume Siour, Florian Couvidat, Olivier Favez, Gaelle Uzu, Arineh Cholakian, Sébastien Conil, Matthias Beekmann, and Jean-Luc Jaffrezo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10601–10615, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10601-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10601-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We simulate 2 years of atmospheric fungal spores over France and use observations of polyols and primary biogenic factors from positive matrix factorisation. The representation of emissions taking into account a proxy for vegetation surface and specific humidity enables us to reproduce very accurately the seasonal cycle of fungal spores. Furthermore, we estimate that fungal spores can account for 20 % of PM10 and 40 % of the organic fraction of PM10 over vegetated areas in summer.
Vy Dinh Ngoc Thuy, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Ian Hough, Pamela A. Dominutti, Guillaume Salque Moreton, Grégory Gille, Florie Francony, Arabelle Patron-Anquez, Olivier Favez, and Gaëlle Uzu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7261–7282, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7261-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7261-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The capacity of particulate matter (PM) to generate reactive oxygen species in vivo is represented by oxidative potential (OP). This study focuses on finding the appropriate model to evaluate the oxidative character of PM sources in six sites using the PM sources and OP. Eight regression techniques are introduced to assess the OP of PM. The study highlights the importance of selecting a model according to the input data characteristics and establishes some recommendations for the procedure.
Maud Leriche, Pierre Tulet, Laurent Deguillaume, Frédéric Burnet, Aurélie Colomb, Agnès Borbon, Corinne Jambert, Valentin Duflot, Stéphan Houdier, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Mickaël Vaïtilingom, Pamela Dominutti, Manon Rocco, Camille Mouchel-Vallon, Samira El Gdachi, Maxence Brissy, Maroua Fathalli, Nicolas Maury, Bert Verreyken, Crist Amelynck, Niels Schoon, Valérie Gros, Jean-Marc Pichon, Mickael Ribeiro, Eric Pique, Emmanuel Leclerc, Thierry Bourrianne, Axel Roy, Eric Moulin, Joël Barrie, Jean-Marc Metzger, Guillaume Péris, Christian Guadagno, Chatrapatty Bhugwant, Jean-Mathieu Tibere, Arnaud Tournigand, Evelyn Freney, Karine Sellegri, Anne-Marie Delort, Pierre Amato, Muriel Joly, Jean-Luc Baray, Pascal Renard, Angelica Bianco, Anne Réchou, and Guillaume Payen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4129–4155, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4129-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4129-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol particles in the atmosphere play a key role in climate change and air pollution. A large number of aerosol particles are formed from the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs and secondary organic aerosols – SOA). An important field campaign was organized on Réunion in March–April 2019 to understand the formation of SOA in a tropical atmosphere mostly influenced by VOCs emitted by forest and in the presence of clouds. This work synthesizes the results of this campaign.
C. Isabel Moreno, Radovan Krejci, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Gaëlle Uzu, Andrés Alastuey, Marcos F. Andrade, Valeria Mardóñez, Alkuin Maximilian Koenig, Diego Aliaga, Claudia Mohr, Laura Ticona, Fernando Velarde, Luis Blacutt, Ricardo Forno, David N. Whiteman, Alfred Wiedensohler, Patrick Ginot, and Paolo Laj
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2837–2860, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2837-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2837-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol chemical composition (ions, sugars, carbonaceous matter) from 2011 to 2020 was studied at Mt. Chacaltaya (5380 m a.s.l., Bolivian Andes). Minimum concentrations occur in the rainy season with maxima in the dry and transition seasons. The origins of the aerosol are located in a radius of hundreds of kilometers: nearby urban and rural areas, natural biogenic emissions, vegetation burning from Amazonia and Chaco, Pacific Ocean emissions, soil dust, and Peruvian volcanism.
Juan Miguel González-Sánchez, Miquel Huix-Rotllant, Nicolas Brun, Julien Morin, Carine Demelas, Amandine Durand, Sylvain Ravier, Jean-Louis Clément, and Anne Monod
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15135–15147, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15135-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15135-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Organic nitrates play a crucial role in air pollution, as they are nitrogen oxide (NOx) reservoirs. This work investigated the reaction products and mechanisms of their reactivity with light in the aqueous phase (cloud and fog conditions and wet aerosol). Our findings reveal that this chemistry leads to the formation of atmospheric nitrous acid (HONO).
Máté Vörösmarty, Gaëlle Uzu, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Pamela Dominutti, Zsófia Kertész, Enikő Papp, and Imre Salma
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14255–14269, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14255-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14255-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Poor air quality caused by high concentrations of particulate matter is one of the most severe public health concerns for humans worldwide. One of the most important biological mechanisms inducing adverse health effects is the oxidant–antioxidant imbalance. We showed that the oxidative stress changed substantially and in a complex manner with location and season. Biomass burning exhibited the dominant influence, while motor vehicles played an important role in the non-heating period.
Valeria Mardoñez, Marco Pandolfi, Lucille Joanna S. Borlaza, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Andrés Alastuey, Jean-Luc Besombes, Isabel Moreno R., Noemi Perez, Griša Močnik, Patrick Ginot, Radovan Krejci, Vladislav Chrastny, Alfred Wiedensohler, Paolo Laj, Marcos Andrade, and Gaëlle Uzu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10325–10347, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10325-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10325-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
La Paz and El Alto are two fast-growing, high-altitude Bolivian cities forming the second-largest metropolitan area in the country. The sources of particulate matter (PM) in this conurbation were not previously investigated. This study identified 11 main sources of PM, of which dust and vehicular emissions stand out as the main ones. The influence of regional biomass combustion and local waste combustion was also observed, with the latter being a major source of hazardous compounds.
Wiebke Scholz, Jiali Shen, Diego Aliaga, Cheng Wu, Samara Carbone, Isabel Moreno, Qiaozhi Zha, Wei Huang, Liine Heikkinen, Jean Luc Jaffrezo, Gaelle Uzu, Eva Partoll, Markus Leiminger, Fernando Velarde, Paolo Laj, Patrick Ginot, Paolo Artaxo, Alfred Wiedensohler, Markku Kulmala, Claudia Mohr, Marcos Andrade, Victoria Sinclair, Federico Bianchi, and Armin Hansel
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 895–920, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-895-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-895-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS), emitted from the ocean, is the most abundant biogenic sulfur emission into the atmosphere. OH radicals, among others, can oxidize DMS to sulfuric and methanesulfonic acid, which are relevant for aerosol formation. We quantified DMS and nearly all DMS oxidation products with novel mass spectrometric instruments for gas and particle phase at the high mountain station Chacaltaya (5240 m a.s.l.) in the Bolivian Andes in free tropospheric air after long-range transport.
Marta Via, Gang Chen, Francesco Canonaco, Kaspar R. Daellenbach, Benjamin Chazeau, Hasna Chebaicheb, Jianhui Jiang, Hannes Keernik, Chunshui Lin, Nicolas Marchand, Cristina Marin, Colin O'Dowd, Jurgita Ovadnevaite, Jean-Eudes Petit, Michael Pikridas, Véronique Riffault, Jean Sciare, Jay G. Slowik, Leïla Simon, Jeni Vasilescu, Yunjiang Zhang, Olivier Favez, André S. H. Prévôt, Andrés Alastuey, and María Cruz Minguillón
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 5479–5495, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-5479-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-5479-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This work presents the differences resulting from two techniques (rolling and seasonal) of the positive matrix factorisation model that can be run for organic aerosol source apportionment. The current state of the art suggests that the rolling technique is more accurate, but no proof of its effectiveness has been provided yet. This paper tackles this issue in the context of a synthetic dataset and a multi-site real-world comparison.
Zhuang Jiang, Joel Savarino, Becky Alexander, Joseph Erbland, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, and Lei Geng
The Cryosphere, 16, 2709–2724, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2709-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2709-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A record of year-round atmospheric nitrate isotopic composition along with snow nitrate isotopic data from Summit, Greenland, revealed apparent enrichments in nitrogen isotopes in snow nitrate compared to atmospheric nitrate, in addition to a relatively smaller degree of changes in oxygen isotopes. The results suggest that at this site post-depositional processing takes effect, which should be taken into account when interpreting ice-core nitrate isotope records.
Lucille Joanna Borlaza, Samuël Weber, Anouk Marsal, Gaëlle Uzu, Véronique Jacob, Jean-Luc Besombes, Mélodie Chatain, Sébastien Conil, and Jean-Luc Jaffrezo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 8701–8723, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8701-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8701-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A 9-year dataset of the chemical and oxidative potential (OP) of PM10 was investigated at a rural background site. Extensive source apportionment led to identification of differences in source impacts between mass and OP, underlining the importance of PM redox activity when considering health effects. The influence of mixing and ageing processes was also tackled. Traffic contributions have decreased here over the years, attributed to regulations limiting vehicular emissions in bigger cities.
Stuart K. Grange, Gaëlle Uzu, Samuël Weber, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, and Christoph Hueglin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 7029–7050, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7029-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7029-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Oxidative potential (OP), a biologically relevant metric for particulate matter (PM), was linked to PM10 and PM2.5 sources and constituents across Switzerland between 2018 and 2019. Wood burning and non-exhaust traffic emissions were identified as key processes that led to enhanced OP. Therefore, the make-up of the PM mix was very important for OP. The results highlight the importance of the management of wood burning and non-exhaust emissions to reduce OP, and presumably biological harm.
Adam Brighty, Véronique Jacob, Gaëlle Uzu, Lucille Borlaza, Sébastien Conil, Christoph Hueglin, Stuart K. Grange, Olivier Favez, Cécile Trébuchon, and Jean-Luc Jaffrezo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 6021–6043, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6021-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6021-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
With an revised analytical method and long-term sampling strategy, we have been able to elucidate much more information about atmospheric plant debris, a poorly understood class of particulate matter. We found weaker seasonal patterns at urban locations compared to rural locations and significant interannual variability in concentrations between previous years and 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic. This suggests a possible man-made influence on plant debris concentration and source strength.
Pamela A. Dominutti, Pascal Renard, Mickaël Vaïtilingom, Angelica Bianco, Jean-Luc Baray, Agnès Borbon, Thierry Bourianne, Frédéric Burnet, Aurélie Colomb, Anne-Marie Delort, Valentin Duflot, Stephan Houdier, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Muriel Joly, Martin Leremboure, Jean-Marc Metzger, Jean-Marc Pichon, Mickaël Ribeiro, Manon Rocco, Pierre Tulet, Anthony Vella, Maud Leriche, and Laurent Deguillaume
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 505–533, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-505-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-505-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We present here the results obtained during an intensive field campaign conducted in March to April 2019 in Reunion. Our study integrates a comprehensive chemical and microphysical characterization of cloud water. Our investigations reveal that air mass history and cloud microphysical properties do not fully explain the variability observed in their chemical composition. This highlights the complexity of emission sources, multiphasic exchanges, and transformations in clouds.
Samuël Weber, Gaëlle Uzu, Olivier Favez, Lucille Joanna S. Borlaza, Aude Calas, Dalia Salameh, Florie Chevrier, Julie Allard, Jean-Luc Besombes, Alexandre Albinet, Sabrina Pontet, Boualem Mesbah, Grégory Gille, Shouwen Zhang, Cyril Pallares, Eva Leoz-Garziandia, and Jean-Luc Jaffrezo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 11353–11378, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11353-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11353-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Oxidative potential (OP) of aerosols is apportioned to the main PM sources found in 15 sites over France. The sources present clear distinct intrinsic OPs at a large geographic scale, and a drastic redistribution between the mass concentration and OP measured by both ascorbic acid and dithiothreitol is highlighted. Moreover, the high discrepancy between the mean and median contributions of the sources to the given metrics raises some important questions when dealing with health endpoints.
Patrick Chazette, Cyrille Flamant, Harald Sodemann, Julien Totems, Anne Monod, Elsa Dieudonné, Alexandre Baron, Andrew Seidl, Hans Christian Steen-Larsen, Pascal Doira, Amandine Durand, and Sylvain Ravier
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 10911–10937, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10911-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10911-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
To gain understanding on the vertical structure of atmospheric water vapour above mountain lakes and to assess its link to the isotopic composition of the lake water and small-scale dynamics, the L-WAIVE field campaign was conducted in the Annecy valley in the French Alps in June 2019. Based on a synergy between ground-based, boat-borne, and airborne measuring platforms, significant gradients of isotopic content have been revealed at the transitions to the lake and to the free troposphere.
Lucille Joanna S. Borlaza, Samuël Weber, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Stephan Houdier, Rémy Slama, Camille Rieux, Alexandre Albinet, Steve Micallef, Cécile Trébluchon, and Gaëlle Uzu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 9719–9739, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9719-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9719-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
With an enhanced source apportionment obtained in a companion paper, this paper acquires more understanding of the spatiotemporal associations of the sources of PM to oxidative potential (OP), an emerging health-based metric. Multilayer perceptron neural network analysis was used to apportion OP from PM sources. Results showed that such a methodology is as robust as the linear classical inversion and permits an improvement in the OP prediction when local features or non-linear effects occur.
Vincent Michoud, Elise Hallemans, Laura Chiappini, Eva Leoz-Garziandia, Aurélie Colomb, Sébastien Dusanter, Isabelle Fronval, François Gheusi, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Thierry Léonardis, Nadine Locoge, Nicolas Marchand, Stéphane Sauvage, Jean Sciare, and Jean-François Doussin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 8067–8088, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8067-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8067-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A multiphasic molecular characterization of oxygenated compounds has been carried out during the ChArMEx field campaign using offline analysis. It leads to the identification of 97 different compounds in the gas and aerosol phases and reveals the important contribution of organic acids to organic aerosol. In addition, comparison between experimental and theoretical partitioning coefficients revealed in most cases a large underestimation by the theory reaching 1 to 7 orders of magnitude.
Eve-Agnès Fiorentino, Henri Wortham, and Karine Sartelet
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 2747–2780, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-2747-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-2747-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Indoor air quality (IAQ) is strongly influenced by reactivity with surfaces, which is called heterogeneous reactivity. To date, this reactivity is barely integrated into numerical models due to the strong uncertainties it is subjected to. In this work, an open-source IAQ model, called the H2I model, is developed to consider both gas-phase and heterogeneous reactivity and simulate indoor concentrations of inorganic compounds.
Benjamin Chazeau, Brice Temime-Roussel, Grégory Gille, Boualem Mesbah, Barbara D'Anna, Henri Wortham, and Nicolas Marchand
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 7293–7319, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7293-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7293-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The temporal trends in the chemical composition and particle number of the submicron aerosols in a Mediterranean city, Marseille, are investigated over 14 months. Fifteen days were found to exceed the WHO PM2.5 daily limit (25 µg m−3) only during the cold period, with two distinct origins: local pollution events with an increased fraction of the carbonaceous fraction due to domestic wood burning and long-range pollution events with a high level of oxygenated organic aerosol and ammonium nitrate.
Lucille Joanna S. Borlaza, Samuël Weber, Gaëlle Uzu, Véronique Jacob, Trishalee Cañete, Steve Micallef, Cécile Trébuchon, Rémy Slama, Olivier Favez, and Jean-Luc Jaffrezo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 5415–5437, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5415-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5415-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study focuses on fully discriminating the origins of particulates by tackling specific secondary organic aerosol (SOA) sources that are difficult to resolve using traditional datasets, especially at a city scale. This is done through the use of additional fit-for-purpose tracers in the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model, which can be obtained using simpler and more targeted techniques, and the comparison of the PMF models from sites in close range but with different urban typologies.
Evangelia Kostenidou, Alvaro Martinez-Valiente, Badr R'Mili, Baptiste Marques, Brice Temime-Roussel, Amandine Durand, Michel André, Yao Liu, Cédric Louis, Boris Vansevenant, Daniel Ferry, Carine Laffon, Philippe Parent, and Barbara D'Anna
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 4779–4796, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4779-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4779-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Passenger vehicle emissions can be a significant source of particulate matter in urban areas. In this study the particle-phase emissions of seven Euro 5 passenger vehicles were characterized. Changes in engine technologies and after-treatment devices can alter the chemical composition and the size of the emitted particulate matter. The condition of the diesel particle filter (DPF) plays an important role in the emitted pollutants.
Jianhui Jiang, Imad El Haddad, Sebnem Aksoyoglu, Giulia Stefenelli, Amelie Bertrand, Nicolas Marchand, Francesco Canonaco, Jean-Eudes Petit, Olivier Favez, Stefania Gilardoni, Urs Baltensperger, and André S. H. Prévôt
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 1681–1697, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-1681-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-1681-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a box model with a volatility basis set to simulate organic aerosol (OA) from biomass burning and optimized the vapor-wall-loss-corrected OA yields with a genetic algorithm. The optimized parameterizations were then implemented in the air quality model CAMx v6.5. Comparisons with ambient measurements indicate that the vapor-wall-loss-corrected parameterization effectively improves the model performance in predicting OA, which reduced the mean fractional bias from −72.9 % to −1.6 %.
Cited articles
Abrams, J. Y., Weber, R. J., Klein, M., Samat, S. E., Chang, H. H., Strickland, M. J., Verma, V., Fang, T., Bates, J. T., Mulholland, J. A., Russell, A. G., and Tolbert, P. E.: Associations between Ambient Fine Particulate Oxidative Potential and Cardiorespiratory Emergency Department Visits, Environ. Health Perspect., 125, 107008, https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1545, 2017.
Äijälä, M., Daellenbach, K. R., Canonaco, F., Heikkinen, L., Junninen, H., Petäjä, T., Kulmala, M., Prévôt, A. S. H., and Ehn, M.: Constructing a data-driven receptor model for organic and inorganic aerosol – a synthesis analysis of eight mass spectrometric data sets from a boreal forest site, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 3645–3672, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-3645-2019, 2019.
Almeida, S. M., Manousakas, M., Diapouli, E., Kertesz, Z., Samek, L., Hristova, E., Šega, K., Alvarez, R. P., Belis, C. A., and Eleftheriadis, K.: Ambient particulate matter source apportionment using receptor modelling in European and Central Asia urban areas, Environ. Pollut., 266, 115199, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115199, 2020.
Ayres, J. G., Borm, P., Cassee, F. R., Castranova, V., Donaldson, K., Ghio, A., Harrison, R. M., Hider, R., Kelly, F., Kooter, I. M., Marano, F., Maynard, R. L., Mudway, I., Nel, A., Sioutas, C., Smith, S., Baeza-Squiban, A., Cho, A., Duggan, S., and Froines, J.: Evaluating the Toxicity of Airborne Particulate Matter and Nanoparticles by Measuring Oxidative Stress Potential – A Workshop Report and Consensus Statement, Inhal. Toxicol., 20, 75–99, https://doi.org/10.1080/08958370701665517, 2008.
Baba, S. P. and Bhatnagar, A.: Role of thiols in oxidative stress, Curr. Opin. Toxicol., 7, 133–139, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cotox.2018.03.005, 2018.
Bates, J. T., Fang, T., Verma, V., Zeng, L., Weber, R. J., Tolbert, P. E., Abrams, J. Y., Sarnat, S. E., Klein, M., Mulholland, J. A., and Russell, A. G.: Review of Acellular Assays of Ambient Particulate Matter Oxidative Potential: Methods and Relationships with Composition, Sources, and Health Effects, Environ. Sci. Technol., 17, 4003–4019, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b03430, 2019.
Beelen, R., Raaschou-Nielsen, O., Stafoggia, M., Andersen, Z. J., Weinmayr, G., Hoffmann, B., Wolf, K., Samoli, E., Fischer, P., Nieuwenhuijsen, M., Vineis, P., Xun, W. W., Katsouyanni, K., Dimakopoulou, K., Oudin, A., Forsberg, B., Modig, L., Havulinna, A. S., Lanki, T., Turunen, A., Oftedal, B., Nystad, W., Nafstad, P., De Faire, U., Pedersen, N. L., Östenson, C.-G., Fratiglioni, L., Penell, J., Korek, M., Pershagen, G., Eriksen, K. T., Overvad, K., Ellermann, T., Eeftens, M., Peeters, P. H., Meliefste, K., Wang, M., Bueno-de-Mesquita, B., Sugiri, D., Krämer, U., Heinrich, J., de Hoogh, K., Key, T., Peters, A., Hampel, R., Concin, H., Nagel, G., Ineichen, A., Schaffner, E., Probst-Hensch, N., Künzli, N., Schindler, C., Schikowski, T., Adam, M., Phuleria, H., Vilier, A., Clavel-Chapelon, F., Declercq, C., Grioni, S., Krogh, V., Tsai, M.-Y., Ricceri, F., Sacerdote, C., Galassi, C., Migliore, E., Ranzi, A., Cesaroni, G., Badaloni, C., Forastiere, F., Tamayo, I., Amiano, P., Dorronsoro, M., Katsoulis, M., Trichopoulou, A., Brunekreef, B., and Hoek, G.: Effects of long-term exposure to air pollution on natural-cause mortality: an analysis of 22 European cohorts within the multicentre ESCAPE project, The Lancet, 383, 785–795, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62158-3, 2014.
Belis, C. A., Pikridas, M., Lucarelli, F., Petralia, E., Cavalli, F., Calzolai, G., Berico, M., and Sciare, J.: Source apportionment of fine PM by combining high time resolution organic and inorganic chemical composition datasets, Atmos. Environ., 3, 100046, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2019.100046, 2019.
Boogaard, H., Janssen, N. A. H., Fischer, P. H., Kos, G. P. A., Weijers, E. P., Cassee, F. R., van der Zee, S. C., de Hartog, J. J., Brunekreef, B., and Hoek, G.: Contrasts in Oxidative Potential and Other Particulate Matter Characteristics Collected Near Major Streets and Background Locations, Environ. Health Perspect., 120, 185–191, https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1103667, 2012.
Borlaza, L. J. S., Cosep, E. M. R., Kim, S., Lee, K., Joo, H., Park, M., Bate, D., Cayetano, M. G., and Park, K.: Oxidative potential of fine ambient particles in various environments, Environ. Pollut., 243, 1679–1688, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.074, 2018.
Borlaza, L. J. S., Weber, S., Jaffrezo, J.-L., Houdier, S., Slama, R., Rieux, C., Albinet, A., Micallef, S., Trébluchon, C., and Uzu, G.: Disparities in particulate matter (PM10) origins and oxidative potential at a city scale (Grenoble, France) – Part 2: Sources of PM10 oxidative potential using multiple linear regression analysis and the predictive applicability of multilayer perceptron neural network analysis, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 9719–9739, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9719-2021, 2021.
Borlaza, L. J., Weber, S., Marsal, A., Uzu, G., Jacob, V., Besombes, J.-L., Chatain, M., Conil, S., and Jaffrezo, J.-L.: Nine-year trends of PM10 sources and oxidative potential in a rural background site in France, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 8701–8723, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8701-2022, 2022.
Borlaza, L. J. S., Uzu, G., Ouidir, M., Lyon-Caen, S., Marsal, A., Weber, S., Siroux, V., Lepeule, J., Boudier, A., Jaffrezo, J.-L., Slama, R., and SEPAGES cohort study group: Personal exposure to PM2.5 oxidative potential and its association to birth outcomes, J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol., 33, 416–426, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-022-00487-w, 2023.
Bozzetti, C., Sosedova, Y., Xiao, M., Daellenbach, K. R., Ulevicius, V., Dudoitis, V., Mordas, G., Byčenkienė, S., Plauškaitė, K., Vlachou, A., Golly, B., Chazeau, B., Besombes, J.-L., Baltensperger, U., Jaffrezo, J.-L., Slowik, J. G., El Haddad, I., and Prévôt, A. S. H.: Argon offline-AMS source apportionment of organic aerosol over yearly cycles for an urban, rural, and marine site in northern Europe, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 117–141, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-117-2017, 2017a.
Bozzetti, C., El Haddad, I., Salameh, D., Daellenbach, K. R., Fermo, P., Gonzalez, R., Minguillón, M. C., Iinuma, Y., Poulain, L., Elser, M., Müller, E., Slowik, J. G., Jaffrezo, J.-L., Baltensperger, U., Marchand, N., and Prévôt, A. S. H.: Organic aerosol source apportionment by offline-AMS over a full year in Marseille, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 8247–8268, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8247-2017, 2017b.
Bukowiecki, N., Lienemann, P., Hill, M., Figi, R., Richard, A., Furger, M., Rickers, K., Falkenberg, G., Zhao, Y., Cliff, S. S., Prevot, A. S. H., Baltensperger, U., Buchmann, B., and Gehrig, R.: Real-World Emission Factors for Antimony and Other Brake Wear Related Trace Elements: Size-Segregated Values for Light and Heavy Duty Vehicles, Environ. Sci. Technol., 43, 8072–8078, https://doi.org/10.1021/es9006096, 2009.
Calas, A., Uzu, G., Martins, J. M. F., Voisin, D., Spadini, L., Lacroix, T., and Jaffrezo, J.-L.: The importance of simulated lung fluid (SLF) extractions for a more relevant evaluation of the oxidative potential of particulate matter, Sci. Rep., 7, 11617, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11979-3, 2017.
Calas, A., Uzu, G., Kelly, F. J., Houdier, S., Martins, J. M. F., Thomas, F., Molton, F., Charron, A., Dunster, C., Oliete, A., Jacob, V., Besombes, J.-L., Chevrier, F., and Jaffrezo, J.-L.: Comparison between five acellular oxidative potential measurement assays performed with detailed chemistry on PM10 samples from the city of Chamonix (France), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 7863–7875, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-7863-2018, 2018.
Calas, A., Uzu, G., Besombes, J.-L., Martins, J. M. F., Redaelli, M., Weber, S., Charron, A., Albinet, A., Chevrier, F., Brulfert, G., Mesbah, B., Favez, O., and Jaffrezo, J.-L.: Seasonal Variations and Chemical Predictors of Oxidative Potential (OP) of Particulate Matter (PM), for Seven Urban French Sites, Atmosphere, 10, 698, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10110698, 2019.
Campbell, S. J., Utinger, B., Lienhard, D. M., Paulson, S. E., Shen, J., Griffiths, P. T., Stell, A. C., and Kalberer, M.: Development of a Physiologically Relevant Online Chemical Assay To Quantify Aerosol Oxidative Potential, Anal. Chem., 91, 13088–13095, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03282, 2019.
Canonaco, F., Crippa, M., Slowik, J. G., Baltensperger, U., and Prévôt, A. S. H.: SoFi, an IGOR-based interface for the efficient use of the generalized multilinear engine (ME-2) for the source apportionment: ME-2 application to aerosol mass spectrometer data, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 6, 3649–3661, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-3649-2013, 2013.
Canonaco, F., Tobler, A., Chen, G., Sosedova, Y., Slowik, J. G., Bozzetti, C., Daellenbach, K. R., El Haddad, I., Crippa, M., Huang, R.-J., Furger, M., Baltensperger, U., and Prévôt, A. S. H.: A new method for long-term source apportionment with time-dependent factor profiles and uncertainty assessment using SoFi Pro: application to 1 year of organic aerosol data, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 923–943, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-923-2021, 2021.
Charrier, J. G., McFall, A. S., Vu, K. K.-T., Baroi, J., Olea, C., Hasson, A., and Anastasio, C.: A bias in the “mass-normalized” DTT response – An effect of non-linear concentration-response curves for copper and manganese, Atmos. Environ., 144, 325–334, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.08.071, 2016.
Chazeau, B.: Oxidative potential apportionment of atmospheric PM1: A new approach combining high-sensitive online analysers for chemical composition and offline OP measurement technique, Harvard Dataverse [data set], V1, https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/0LMCKU, 2024.
Chazeau, B., Temime-Roussel, B., Gille, G., Mesbah, B., D'Anna, B., Wortham, H., and Marchand, N.: Measurement report: Fourteen months of real-time characterisation of the submicronic aerosol and its atmospheric dynamics at the Marseille–Longchamp supersite, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 7293–7319, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7293-2021, 2021.
Chazeau, B., El Haddad, I., Canonaco, F., Temime-Roussel, B., D'Anna, B., Gille, G., Mesbah, B., Prévôt, A. S. H., Wortham, H., and Marchand, N.: Organic aerosol source apportionment by using rolling positive matrix factorization: Application to a Mediterranean coastal city, Atmos. Environ., 14, 100176, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2022.100176, 2022.
Chen, G., Li, S., Zhang, Y., Zhang, W., Li, D., Wei, X., He, Y., Bell, M. L., Williams, G., Marks, G. B., Jalaludin, B., Abramson, M. J., and Guo, Y.: Effects of ambient PM1 air pollution on daily emergency hospital visits in China: an epidemiological study, The Lancet Planetary Health, 1, e221–e229, https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(17)30100-6, 2017.
Chen, G., Sosedova, Y., Canonaco, F., Fröhlich, R., Tobler, A., Vlachou, A., Daellenbach, K. R., Bozzetti, C., Hueglin, C., Graf, P., Baltensperger, U., Slowik, J. G., El Haddad, I., and Prévôt, A. S. H.: Time-dependent source apportionment of submicron organic aerosol for a rural site in an alpine valley using a rolling positive matrix factorisation (PMF) window, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 15081–15101, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-15081-2021, 2021.
Chen, G., Canonaco, F., Tobler, A., Aas, W., Alastuey, A., Allan, J., Atabakhsh, S., Aurela, M., Baltensperger, U., Bougiatioti, A., De Brito, J. F., Ceburnis, D., Chazeau, B., Chebaicheb, H., Daellenbach, K. R., Ehn, M., El Haddad, I., Eleftheriadis, K., Favez, O., Flentje, H., Font, A., Fossum, K., Freney, E., Gini, M., Green, D. C., Heikkinen, L., Herrmann, H., Kalogridis, A.-C., Keernik, H., Lhotka, R., Lin, C., Lunder, C., Maasikmets, M., Manousakas, M. I., Marchand, N., Marin, C., Marmureanu, L., Mihalopoulos, N., Močnik, G., Nęcki, J., O'Dowd, C., Ovadnevaite, J., Peter, T., Petit, J.-E., Pikridas, M., Matthew Platt, S., Pokorná, P., Poulain, L., Priestman, M., Riffault, V., Rinaldi, M., Różański, K., Schwarz, J., Sciare, J., Simon, L., Skiba, A., Slowik, J. G., Sosedova, Y., Stavroulas, I., Styszko, K., Teinemaa, E., Timonen, H., Tremper, A., Vasilescu, J., Via, M., Vodička, P., Wiedensohler, A., Zografou, O., Cruz Minguillón, M., and Prévôt, A. S. H.: European aerosol phenomenology – 8: Harmonised source apportionment of organic aerosol using 22 Year-long ACSM/AMS datasets, Environ. Int., 166, 107325, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2022.107325, 2022.
Chirico, R., Prevot, A. S. H., DeCarlo, P. F., Heringa, M. F., Richter, R., Weingartner, E., and Baltensperger, U.: Aerosol and trace gas vehicle emission factors measured in a tunnel using an Aerosol Mass Spectrometer and other on-line instrumentation, Atmos. Environ., 45, 2182–2192, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.01.069, 2011.
Cohen, D. A. J.: Estimates and 25-year trends of the global burden of disease attributable to ambient air pollution: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2015, 389, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30505-6, 2017.
Crippa, M., Canonaco, F., Slowik, J. G., El Haddad, I., DeCarlo, P. F., Mohr, C., Heringa, M. F., Chirico, R., Marchand, N., Temime-Roussel, B., Abidi, E., Poulain, L., Wiedensohler, A., Baltensperger, U., and Prévôt, A. S. H.: Primary and secondary organic aerosol origin by combined gas-particle phase source apportionment, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 8411–8426, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-8411-2013, 2013a.
Crippa, M., DeCarlo, P. F., Slowik, J. G., Mohr, C., Heringa, M. F., Chirico, R., Poulain, L., Freutel, F., Sciare, J., Cozic, J., Di Marco, C. F., Elsasser, M., Nicolas, J. B., Marchand, N., Abidi, E., Wiedensohler, A., Drewnick, F., Schneider, J., Borrmann, S., Nemitz, E., Zimmermann, R., Jaffrezo, J.-L., Prévôt, A. S. H., and Baltensperger, U.: Wintertime aerosol chemical composition and source apportionment of the organic fraction in the metropolitan area of Paris, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 961–981, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-961-2013, 2013b.
Cubison, M. J., Ortega, A. M., Hayes, P. L., Farmer, D. K., Day, D., Lechner, M. J., Brune, W. H., Apel, E., Diskin, G. S., Fisher, J. A., Fuelberg, H. E., Hecobian, A., Knapp, D. J., Mikoviny, T., Riemer, D., Sachse, G. W., Sessions, W., Weber, R. J., Weinheimer, A. J., Wisthaler, A., and Jimenez, J. L.: Effects of aging on organic aerosol from open biomass burning smoke in aircraft and laboratory studies, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 12049–12064, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-12049-2011, 2011.
Daellenbach, K. R., Uzu, G., Jiang, J., Cassagnes, L.-E., Leni, Z., Vlachou, A., Stefenelli, G., Canonaco, F., Weber, S., Segers, A., Kuenen, J. J. P., Schaap, M., Favez, O., Albinet, A., Aksoyoglu, S., Dommen, J., Baltensperger, U., Geiser, M., El Haddad, I., Jaffrezo, J.-L., and Prévôt, A. S. H.: Sources of particulate-matter air pollution and its oxidative potential in Europe, Nature, 587, 414–419, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2902-8, 2020.
Dall'Osto, M., Paglione, M., Decesari, S., Facchini, M. C., O'Dowd, C., Plass-Duellmer, C., and Harrison, R. M.: On the Origin of AMS “Cooking Organic Aerosol” at a Rural Site, Environ. Sci. Technol., 49, 13964–13972, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b02922, 2015.
Dellinger, B., Pryor, W. A., Cueto, R., Squadrito, G. L., Hegde, V., and Deutsch, W. A.: Role of Free Radicals in the Toxicity of Airborne Fine Particulate Matter, Chem. Res. Toxicol., 14, 1371–1377, https://doi.org/10.1021/tx010050x, 2001.
Drewnick, F., Hings, S. S., Curtius, J., Eerdekens, G., and Williams, J.: Measurement of fine particulate and gas-phase species during the New Year's fireworks 2005 in Mainz, Germany, Atmos. Environ., 40, 4316–4327, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.03.040, 2006.
Drinovec, L., Močnik, G., Zotter, P., Prévôt, A. S. H., Ruckstuhl, C., Coz, E., Rupakheti, M., Sciare, J., Müller, T., Wiedensohler, A., and Hansen, A. D. A.: The “dual-spot” Aethalometer: an improved measurement of aerosol black carbon with real-time loading compensation, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 8, 1965–1979, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-1965-2015, 2015.
Ducret-Stich, R. E., Tsai, M.-Y., Thimmaiah, D., Künzli, N., Hopke, P. K., and Phuleria, H. C.: PM10 source apportionment in a Swiss Alpine valley impacted by highway traffic, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int., 20, 6496–6508, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-1682-1, 2013.
Efron, B.: Bootstrap Methods: Another Look at the Jackknife, The Ann. Stat., 7, 1–26, https://doi.org/10.1214/aos/1176344552, 1979.
El Haddad, I., D'Anna, B., Temime-Roussel, B., Nicolas, M., Boreave, A., Favez, O., Voisin, D., Sciare, J., George, C., Jaffrezo, J.-L., Wortham, H., and Marchand, N.: Towards a better understanding of the origins, chemical composition and aging of oxygenated organic aerosols: case study of a Mediterranean industrialized environment, Marseille, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 7875–7894, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-7875-2013, 2013.
Fang, T., Verma, V., Bates, J. T., Abrams, J., Klein, M., Strickland, M. J., Sarnat, S. E., Chang, H. H., Mulholland, J. A., Tolbert, P. E., Russell, A. G., and Weber, R. J.: Oxidative potential of ambient water-soluble PM2.5 in the southeastern United States: contrasts in sources and health associations between ascorbic acid (AA) and dithiothreitol (DTT) assays, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 3865–3879, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-3865-2016, 2016.
Fang, T., Guo, H., Zeng, L., Verma, V., Nenes, A., and Weber, R. J.: Highly Acidic Ambient Particles, Soluble Metals, and Oxidative Potential: A Link between Sulfate and Aerosol Toxicity, Environ. Sci. Technol., 51, 2611–2620, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b06151, 2017.
Flaounas, E., Coll, I., Armengaud, A., and Schmechtig, C.: The representation of dust transport and missing urban sources as major issues for the simulation of PM episodes in a Mediterranean area, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 8091–8101, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-8091-2009, 2009.
Fröhlich, R., Cubison, M. J., Slowik, J. G., Bukowiecki, N., Prévôt, A. S. H., Baltensperger, U., Schneider, J., Kimmel, J. R., Gonin, M., Rohner, U., Worsnop, D. R., and Jayne, J. T.: The ToF-ACSM: a portable aerosol chemical speciation monitor with TOFMS detection, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 6, 3225–3241, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-3225-2013, 2013.
Gao, D., Ripley, S., Weichenthal, S., and Godri Pollitt, K. J.: Ambient particulate matter oxidative potential: Chemical determinants, associated health effects, and strategies for risk management, Free Rad. Biol. Med., 151, 7–25, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.04.028, 2020a.
Gao, D., Godri Pollitt, K. J., Mulholland, J. A., Russell, A. G., and Weber, R. J.: Characterization and comparison of PM2.5 oxidative potential assessed by two acellular assays, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 5197–5210, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5197-2020, 2020b.
Grange, S. K., Uzu, G., Weber, S., Jaffrezo, J.-L., and Hueglin, C.: Linking Switzerland's PM10 and PM2.5 oxidative potential (OP) with emission sources, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 7029–7050, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7029-2022, 2022.
Grigas, T., Ovadnevaite, J., Ceburnis, D., Moran, E., McGovern, F. M., Jennings, S. G., and O'Dowd, C.: Sophisticated Clean Air Strategies Required to Mitigate Against Particulate Organic Pollution, Sci. Rep., 7, 44737, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep44737, 2017.
Grigoratos, T. and Martini, G.: Brake wear particle emissions: a review, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 22, 2491–2504, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3696-8, 2015.
Hays, M. D., Cho, S.-H., Baldauf, R., Schauer, J. J., and Shafer, M.: Particle size distributions of metal and non-metal elements in an urban near-highway environment, Atmos. Environ., 45, 925–934, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.11.010, 2011.
He, L. and Zhang, J. (Jim): Particulate matter (PM) oxidative potential: Measurement methods and links to PM physicochemical characteristics and health effects, Crit. Rev. Env. Sci. Tec., 53, 177–197, https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2022.2050148, 2023.
Henry, R., Norris, G. A., Vedantham, R., and Turner, J. R.: Source region identification using kernel smoothing, Environ. Sci. Technol., 43, 4090–4097, https://doi.org/10.1021/es8011723, 2009.
Hu, Y., Wu, M., Li, Y., and Liu, X.: Influence of PM1 exposure on total and cause-specific respiratory diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int., 29, 15117–15126, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16536-0, 2022.
in't Veld, M., Pandolfi, M., Amato, F., Pérez, N., Reche, C., Dominutti, P., Jaffrezo, J., Alastuey, A., Querol, X., and Uzu, G.: Discovering oxidative potential (OP) drivers of atmospheric PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 simultaneously in North-Eastern Spain, Sci. Total Environ., 857, 159386, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159386, 2023.
Jacob, D. J.: Oxidizing Power of the Troposphere, Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry, Chapter 11, 199–219, https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400841547, 1999.
Janssen, N. A. H., Yang, A., Strak, M., Steenhof, M., Hellack, B., Gerlofs-Nijland, M. E., Kuhlbusch, T., Kelly, F., Harrison, R., Brunekreef, B., Hoek, G., and Cassee, F.: Oxidative potential of particulate matter collected at sites with different source characteristics, Sci. Total Environ., 472, 572–581, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.11.099, 2014.
Kelly, F. J.: Education: Oxidative Stress: Its Role in Air Pollution and Adverse Health Effects, Occup. Environ. Med., 60, 612–616, 2003.
Kiendler-Scharr, A., Mensah, A. A., Friese, E., Topping, D., Nemitz, E., Prevot, A. S. H., Äijälä, M., Allan, J., Canonaco, F., Canagaratna, M., Carbone, S., Crippa, M., Dall Osto, M., Day, D. A., De Carlo, P., Di Marco, C. F., Elbern, H., Eriksson, A., Freney, E., Hao, L., Herrmann, H., Hildebrandt, L., Hillamo, R., Jimenez, J. L., Laaksonen, A., McFiggans, G., Mohr, C., O'Dowd, C., Otjes, R., Ovadnevaite, J., Pandis, S. N., Poulain, L., Schlag, P., Sellegri, K., Swietlicki, E., Tiitta, P., Vermeulen, A., Wahner, A., Worsnop, D., and Wu, H.-C.: Ubiquity of organic nitrates from nighttime chemistry in the European submicron aerosol, Geophys. Res. Lett., 43, 7735–7744, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069239, 2016.
Kumar, P., Robins, A., Vardoulakis, S., and Britter, R.: A review of the characteristics of nanoparticles in the urban atmosphere and the prospects for developing regulatory controls, Atmos. Environ., 44, 5035–5052, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.08.016, 2010.
Lelieveld, J., Evans, J. S., Fnais, M., Giannadaki, D., and Pozzer, A.: The contribution of outdoor air pollution sources to premature mortality on a global scale, Nature, 525, 367–371, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature15371, 2015.
Lin, C., Ceburnis, D., Xu, W., Heffernan, E., Hellebust, S., Gallagher, J., Huang, R.-J., O'Dowd, C., and Ovadnevaite, J.: The impact of traffic on air quality in Ireland: insights from the simultaneous kerbside and suburban monitoring of submicron aerosols, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 10513–10529, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-10513-2020, 2020.
Manigrasso, M., Costabile, F., Liberto, L. D., Gobbi, G. P., Gualtieri, M., Zanini, G., and Avino, P.: Size resolved aerosol respiratory doses in a Mediterranean urban area: From PM10 to ultrafine particles, Environ. Int., 141, 105714, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105714, 2020.
Manousakas, M., Furger, M., Daellenbach, K. R., Canonaco, F., Chen, G., Tobler, A., Rai, P., Qi, L., Tremper, A. H., Green, D., Hueglin, C., Slowik, J. G., El Haddad, I., and Prevot, A. S. H.: Source identification of the elemental fraction of particulate matter using size segregated, highly time-resolved data and an optimized source apportionment approach, Atmos. Environ., 14, 100165, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2022.100165, 2022.
Marsal, A., Sauvain, J.-J., Thomas, A., Lyon-Caen, S., Borlaza, L. J. S., Philippat, C., Jaffrezo, J.-L., Boudier, A., Darfeuil, S., Elazzouzi, R., Lepeule, J., Chartier, R., Bayat, S., Slama, R., Siroux, V., and Uzu, G.: Effects of personal exposure to the oxidative potential of PM2.5 on oxidative stress biomarkers in pregnant women, Sci. Total Environ., 911, 168475, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168475, 2023a.
Marsal, A., Slama, R., Lyon, -Caen Sarah, Borlaza, L. J. S., Jaffrezo, J.-L., Boudier, A., Darfeuil, S., Elazzouzi, R., Gioria, Y., Lepeule, J., Chartier, R., Pin, I., Quentin, J., Bayat, S., Uzu, G., Siroux, V., and null, null: Prenatal Exposure to PM2.5 Oxidative Potential and Lung Function in Infants and Preschool- Age Children: A Prospective Study, Environ. Health Persp., 131, 017004, https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11155, 2023b.
McGuire, M. L., Chang, R. Y.-W., Slowik, J. G., Jeong, C.-H., Healy, R. M., Lu, G., Mihele, C., Abbatt, J. P. D., Brook, J. R., and Evans, G. J.: Enhancing non-refractory aerosol apportionment from an urban industrial site through receptor modeling of complete high time-resolution aerosol mass spectra, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 8017–8042, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-8017-2014, 2014.
Medina S., Pascal M., and Tillier C.: Impacts de l'exposition chronique aux particules fines sur la mortalité en France continentale et analyse des gains en santé de plusieurs scénarios de réduction de la pollution atmosphérique, Saint-Maurice, Santé Publique France, ISBN-NET 979-10-289-0216-2, 63 pp., 2016.
Mohan, R.: Green bismuth, Nat. Chem., 2, 336–336, https://doi.org/10.1038/nchem.609, 2010.
Møller, P.: Oxidative stress and inflammation generated DNA damage by exposure to air pollution particles, Mutation Research, 34, 133–166, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrrev.2014.09.001, 2014.
Morawska, L. and (Jim) Zhang, J.: Combustion sources of particles. 1. Health relevance and source signatures, Chemosphere, 49, 1045–1058, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(02)00241-2, 2002.
Moufarrej, L., Courcot, D., and Ledoux, F.: Assessment of the PM2.5 oxidative potential in a coastal industrial city in Northern France: Relationships with chemical composition, local emissions and long range sources, Sci. Total Environ., 748, 141448, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141448, 2020.
Münzel, T., Hahad, O., Sørensen, M., Lelieveld, J., Duerr, G. D., Nieuwenhuijsen, M., and Daiber, A.: Environmental risk factors and cardiovascular diseases: a comprehensive expert review, Cardiovasc. Res., 118, 2880–2902, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvab316, 2022.
Ng, N. L., Canagaratna, M. R., Jimenez, J. L., Zhang, Q., Ulbrich, I. M., and Worsnop, D. R.: Real-Time Methods for Estimating Organic Component Mass Concentrations from Aerosol Mass Spectrometer Data, Environ. Sci. Technol., 45, 910–916, https://doi.org/10.1021/es102951k, 2011.
Niranjan, R. and Thakur, A. K.: The Toxicological Mechanisms of Environmental Soot (Black Carbon) and Carbon Black: Focus on Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Pathways, Front. Immunol., 8, 763, https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2017.00763, 2017.
Nursanto, F. R., Meinen, R., Holzinger, R., Krol, M. C., Liu, X., Dusek, U., Henzing, B., and Fry, J. L.: What chemical species are responsible for new particle formation and growth in the Netherlands? A hybrid positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis using aerosol composition (ACSM) and size (SMPS), EGUsphere [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-554, 2023.
Paatero, P.: The Multilinear Engine – A Table-Driven, Least Squares Program for Solving Multilinear Problems, Including the n-Way Parallel Factor Analysis Model, J. Comput. Graph. Stat., 8, 854–888, https://doi.org/10.1080/10618600.1999.10474853, 1999.
Paatero, P. and Hopke, P. K.: Rotational tools for factor analytic models, J. Chemomet., 23, 91–100, https://doi.org/10.1002/cem.1197, 2009.
Paatero, P. and Tapper, U.: Positive matrix factorization: A non-negative factor model with optimal utilization of error estimates of data values, Environmetrics, 5, 111–126, https://doi.org/10.1002/env.3170050203, 1994.
Pandolfi, M., Gonzalez-Castanedo, Y., Alastuey, A., de la Rosa, J. D., Mantilla, E., de la Campa, A. S., Querol, X., Pey, J., Amato, F., and Moreno, T.: Source apportionment of PM10 and PM2.5 at multiple sites in the strait of Gibraltar by PMF: impact of shipping emissions, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 18, 260–269, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-010-0373-4, 2011.
Panko, J., Kreider, M., and Unice, K.: Chapter 7 – Review of Tire Wear Emissions: A Review of Tire Emission Measurement Studies: Identification of Gaps and Future Needs, in: Non-Exhaust Emissions, edited by: Amato, F., Academic Press, 147–160, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-811770-5.00007-8, 2018.
Pant, P. and Harrison, R. M.: Estimation of the contribution of road traffic emissions to particulate matter concentrations from field measurements: A review, Atmos. Environ., 77, 78–97, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.04.028, 2013.
Pant, P., Baker, S. J., Shukla, A., Maikawa, C., Godri Pollitt, K. J., and Harrison, R. M.: The PM10 fraction of road dust in the UK and India: Characterization, source profiles and oxidative potential, Sci. Total Environ., 530–531, 445–452, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.05.084, 2015.
Perrino, C., Tiwari, S., Catrambone, M., Torre, S. D., Rantica, E., and Canepari, S.: Chemical characterization of atmospheric PM in Delhi, India, during different periods of the year including Diwali festival, Atmos. Pollut. Res., 2, 418–427, https://doi.org/10.5094/APR.2011.048, 2011.
Petit, J.-E., Favez, O., Sciare, J., Canonaco, F., Croteau, P., Močnik, G., Jayne, J., Worsnop, D., and Leoz-Garziandia, E.: Submicron aerosol source apportionment of wintertime pollution in Paris, France by double positive matrix factorization (PMF2) using an aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM) and a multi-wavelength Aethalometer, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 13773–13787, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-13773-2014, 2014.
Petit, J.-E., Favez, O., Albinet, A., and Canonaco, F.: A user-friendly tool for comprehensive evaluation of the geographical origins of atmospheric pollution: Wind and trajectory analyses, Environ. Modell. Softw., 88, 183–187, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.11.022, 2017.
Pietrogrande, M. C., Romanato, L., and Russo, M.: Synergistic and Antagonistic Effects of Aerosol Components on Its Oxidative Potential as Predictor of Particle Toxicity, Toxics, 10, 196, https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics10040196, 2022.
Piscitello, A., Bianco, C., Casasso, A., and Sethi, R.: Non-exhaust traffic emissions: Sources, characterization, and mitigation measures, Sci. Total Environ., 766, 144440, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144440, 2021.
Polissar, A. V., Hopke, P. K., Paatero, P., Malm, W. C., and Sisler, J. F.: Atmospheric aerosol over Alaska: 2. Elemental composition and sources, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 103, 19045–19057, https://doi.org/10.1029/98JD01212, 1998.
Polissar, A. V., Hopke, P. K., and Poirot, R. L.: Atmospheric aerosol over Vermont: chemical composition and sources, Environ. Sci. Technol., 35, 4604–4621, https://doi.org/10.1021/es0105865, 2001.
Pope, C. A.: Air Pollution and Health – Good News and Bad, N. Engl. J. Med., 351, 1132–1134, https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMe048182, 2004.
Rai, P., Furger, M., Slowik, J. G., Canonaco, F., Fröhlich, R., Hüglin, C., Minguillón, M. C., Petterson, K., Baltensperger, U., and Prévôt, A. S. H.: Source apportionment of highly time-resolved elements during a firework episode from a rural freeway site in Switzerland, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 1657–1674, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1657-2020, 2020.
Rai, P., Furger, M., Slowik, J. G., Zhong, H., Tong, Y., Wang, L., Duan, J., Gu, Y., Qi, L., Huang, R. J., Cao, J., Baltensperger, U., and Prévôt, A. S. H.: Characteristics and sources of hourly elements in PM10 and PM2.5 during wintertime in Beijing, Environ. Pollut., 278, 116865, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116865, 2021.
Reff, A., Eberly, S. I., and Bhave, P. V.: Receptor Modeling of Ambient Particulate Matter Data Using Positive Matrix Factorization: Review of Existing Methods, J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc., 57, 146–154, https://doi.org/10.1080/10473289.2007.10465319, 2007.
Riffault, V., Arndt, J., Marris, H., Mbengue, S., Setyan, A., Alleman, L. Y., Deboudt, K., Flament, P., Augustin, P., Delbarre, H., and Wenger, J.: Fine and Ultrafine Particles in the Vicinity of Industrial Activities: A Review, Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol., 45, 2305–2356, https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2015.1025636, 2015.
Roubicek, V., Raclavska, H., Juchelkova, D., and Filip, P.: Wear and environmental aspects of composite materials for automotive braking industry, Wear, 265, 167–175, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2007.09.006, 2008.
Ryder, O. S., DeWinter, J. L., Brown, S. G., Hoffman, K., Frey, B., and Mirzakhalili, A.: Assessment of particulate toxic metals at an Environmental Justice community, Atmos. Environ., 6, 100070, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2020.100070, 2020.
Saffari, A., Hasheminassab, S., Wang, D., Shafer, M. M., Schauer, J. J., and Sioutas, C.: Impact of primary and secondary organic sources on the oxidative potential of quasi-ultrafine particles (PM0.25) at three contrasting locations in the Los Angeles Basin, Atmos. Environ., 120, 286–296, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.09.022, 2015.
Salameh, D., Pey, J., Bozzetti, C., El Haddad, I., Detournay, A., Sylvestre, A., Canonaco, F., Armengaud, A., Piga, D., Robin, D., Prevot, A. S. H., Jaffrezo, J.-L., Wortham, H., and Marchand, N.: Sources of PM2.5 at an urban-industrial Mediterranean city, Marseille (France): Application of the ME-2 solver to inorganic and organic markers, Atmos. Res., 214, 263–274, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.08.005, 2018.
Sandradewi, J., Prévôt, A. S. H., Szidat, S., Perron, N., Alfarra, M. R., Lanz, V. A., Weingartner, E., and Baltensperger, U.: Using Aerosol Light Absorption Measurements for the Quantitative Determination of Wood Burning and Traffic Emission Contributions to Particulate Matter, Environ. Sci. Technol., 42, 3316–3323, https://doi.org/10.1021/es702253m, 2008.
Shang, J., Jin, M., Chen, Y., Pan, Y., Li, Y., Tao, X., Cheng, Z., Meng, Q., Li, Q., Jia, G., Zhu, T., Hao, W., and Wei, X.: Comparison of lung damage in mice exposed to black carbon particles and 1,4-naphthoquinone coated black carbon particles, Sci. Total Environ., 580, 572–581, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.214, 2016.
Slowik, J. G., Vlasenko, A., McGuire, M., Evans, G. J., and Abbatt, J. P. D.: Simultaneous factor analysis of organic particle and gas mass spectra: AMS and PTR-MS measurements at an urban site, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 1969–1988, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-1969-2010, 2010.
Strak, M., Janssen, N. A. H., Godri, K. J., Gosens, I., Mudway, I. S., Cassee, F. R., Lebret, E., Kelly, F. J., Harrison, R. M., Brunekreef, B., Steenhof, M., and Hoek, G.: Respiratory Health Effects of Airborne Particulate Matter: The Role of Particle Size, Composition, and Oxidative Potential – The RAPTES Project, Environ. Health Persp., 120, 1183–1189, https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1104389, 2012.
Sturm, R.: Modelling the deposition of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the human respiratory tract, AME Med. J., 5, 5–14, https://doi.org/10.21037/amj.2020.03.04, 2020.
Sun, Y., Wang, Z., Dong, H., Yang, T., Li, J., Pan, X., Chen, P., and Jayne, J. T.: Characterization of summer organic and inorganic aerosols in Beijing, China with an Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor, Atmos. Environ., 51, 250–259, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.01.013, 2012.
Sylvestre, A., Mizzi, A., Mathiot, S., Masson, F., Jaffrezo, J. L., Dron, J., Mesbah, B., Wortham, H., and Marchand, N.: Comprehensive chemical characterization of industrial PM2.5 from steel industry activities, Atmos. Environ., 152, 180–190, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.12.032, 2017.
Tong, Y., Qi, L., Stefenelli, G., Wang, D. S., Canonaco, F., Baltensperger, U., Prévôt, A. S. H., and Slowik, J. G.: Quantification of primary and secondary organic aerosol sources by combined factor analysis of extractive electrospray ionisation and aerosol mass spectrometer measurements (EESI-TOF and AMS), Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 7265–7291, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-7265-2022, 2022.
Vecchi, R., Bernardoni, V., Cricchio, D., D'Alessandro, A., Fermo, P., Lucarelli, F., Nava, S., Piazzalunga, A., and Valli, G.: The impact of fireworks on airborne particles, Atmos. Environ., 42, 1121–1132, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.10.047, 2008.
Venables, W. N. and Ripley, B. D.: Modern applied statistics with S-Plus, 2nd Edn., Springer, New York, 548 pp., ISBN 0-387-98214-0, 1997.
Verma, V., Fang, T., Guo, H., King, L., Bates, J. T., Peltier, R. E., Edgerton, E., Russell, A. G., and Weber, R. J.: Reactive oxygen species associated with water-soluble PM2.5 in the southeastern United States: spatiotemporal trends and source apportionment, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 12915–12930, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12915-2014, 2014.
Verma, V., Wang, Y., El-Afifi, R., Fang, T., Rowland, J., Russell, A. G., and Weber, R. J.: Fractionating ambient humic-like substances (HULIS) for their reactive oxygen species activity – Assessing the importance of quinones and atmospheric aging, Atmos. Environ., 120, 351–359, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.09.010, 2015.
Via, M., Yus-Díez, J., Canonaco, F., Petit, J.-E., Hopke, P. K., Reche, C., Pandolfi, M., Ivančič, M., Rigler, M., Prévôt, A. S. H., Querol, X., Alastuey, A., and Minguillón, M. C.: Towards a Better Understanding of Fine Pm Sources: Online and Offline Datasets Combination in a Single Pmf, Environ. Int., https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4370338, 2023.
Viana, M., Hammingh, P., Colette, A., Querol, X., Degraeuwe, B., de Vlieger, I., and van Aardenne, J.: Impact of maritime transport emissions on coastal air quality in Europe, Atmos. Environ., 90, 96–105, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.03.046, 2014.
Visser, S., Slowik, J. G., Furger, M., Zotter, P., Bukowiecki, N., Canonaco, F., Flechsig, U., Appel, K., Green, D. C., Tremper, A. H., Young, D. E., Williams, P. I., Allan, J. D., Coe, H., Williams, L. R., Mohr, C., Xu, L., Ng, N. L., Nemitz, E., Barlow, J. F., Halios, C. H., Fleming, Z. L., Baltensperger, U., and Prévôt, A. S. H.: Advanced source apportionment of size-resolved trace elements at multiple sites in London during winter, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 11291–11309, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-11291-2015, 2015a.
Visser, S., Slowik, J. G., Furger, M., Zotter, P., Bukowiecki, N., Dressler, R., Flechsig, U., Appel, K., Green, D. C., Tremper, A. H., Young, D. E., Williams, P. I., Allan, J. D., Herndon, S. C., Williams, L. R., Mohr, C., Xu, L., Ng, N. L., Detournay, A., Barlow, J. F., Halios, C. H., Fleming, Z. L., Baltensperger, U., and Prévôt, A. S. H.: Kerb and urban increment of highly time-resolved trace elements in PM10, PM2.5 and PM1.0 winter aerosol in London during ClearfLo 2012, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 2367–2386, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2367-2015, 2015b.
Waked, A., Favez, O., Alleman, L. Y., Piot, C., Petit, J.-E., Delaunay, T., Verlinden, E., Golly, B., Besombes, J.-L., Jaffrezo, J.-L., and Leoz-Garziandia, E.: Source apportionment of PM10 in a north-western Europe regional urban background site (Lens, France) using positive matrix factorization and including primary biogenic emissions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 3325–3346, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-3325-2014, 2014.
Weber, S., Uzu, G., Calas, A., Chevrier, F., Besombes, J.-L., Charron, A., Salameh, D., Ježek, I., Močnik, G., and Jaffrezo, J.-L.: An apportionment method for the oxidative potential of atmospheric particulate matter sources: application to a one-year study in Chamonix, France, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 9617–9629, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-9617-2018, 2018.
Weber, S., Salameh, D., Albinet, A., Alleman, L. Y., Waked, A., Besombes, J.-L., Jacob, V., Guillaud, G., Meshbah, B., Rocq, B., Hulin, A., Dominik-Sègue, M., Chrétien, E., Jaffrezo, J.-L., and Favez, O.: Comparison of PM10 Sources Profiles at 15 French Sites Using a Harmonized Constrained Positive Matrix Factorization Approach, Atmosphere, 10, 310, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10060310, 2019.
Weber, S., Uzu, G., Favez, O., Borlaza, L. J. S., Calas, A., Salameh, D., Chevrier, F., Allard, J., Besombes, J.-L., Albinet, A., Pontet, S., Mesbah, B., Gille, G., Zhang, S., Pallares, C., Leoz-Garziandia, E., and Jaffrezo, J.-L.: Source apportionment of atmospheric PM10 oxidative potential: synthesis of 15 year-round urban datasets in France, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 11353–11378, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11353-2021, 2021.
Weichenthal, S., Lavigne, E., Evans, G., Pollitt, K., and Burnett, R. T.: Ambient PM2.5 and risk of emergency room visits for myocardial infarction: impact of regional PM2.5 oxidative potential: a case-crossover study, Environ. Health, 15, 46, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-016-0129-9, 2016.
WHO: Who Global Air Quality Guidelines, Int. J. Public Health, 1604465, https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2021.1604465, 2021.
Xu, L., Suresh, S., Guo, H., Weber, R. J., and Ng, N. L.: Aerosol characterization over the southeastern United States using high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometry: spatial and seasonal variation of aerosol composition and sources with a focus on organic nitrates, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 7307–7336, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-7307-2015, 2015.
Yu, H., Wei, J., Cheng, Y., Subedi, K., and Verma, V.: Synergistic and Antagonistic Interactions among the Particulate Matter Components in Generating Reactive Oxygen Species Based on the Dithiothreitol Assay, Environ. Sci. Technol., 52, 2261–2270, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b04261, 2018.
Yu, S., Liu, W., Xu, Y., Yi, K., Zhou, M., Tao, S., and Liu, W.: Characteristics and oxidative potential of atmospheric PM2.5 in Beijing: Source apportionment and seasonal variation, Sci. Total Environ., 650, 277–287, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.021, 2019.
Zhang, X., Staimer, N., Tjoa, T., Gillen, D. L., Schauer, J. J., Shafer, M. M., Hasheminassab, S., Pakbin, P., Longhurst, J., Sioutas, C., and Delfino, R. J.: Associations between microvascular function and short-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and particulate matter oxidative potential, Environ. Health, 15, 81, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-016-0157-5, 2016.
Zhuang, H., Chan, C. K., Fang, M., and Wexler, A. S.: Formation of nitrate and non-sea-salt sulfate on coarse particles, Atmos. Environ., 33, 4223–4233, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00186-7, 1999.
Zografou, O., Gini, M., Manousakas, M. I., Chen, G., Kalogridis, A. C., Diapouli, E., Pappa, A., and Eleftheriadis, K.: Combined organic and inorganic source apportionment on yearlong ToF-ACSM dataset at a suburban station in Athens, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 4675–4692, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4675-2022, 2022.
Zotter, P., Herich, H., Gysel, M., El-Haddad, I., Zhang, Y., Močnik, G., Hüglin, C., Baltensperger, U., Szidat, S., and Prévôt, A. S. H.: Evaluation of the absorption Ångström exponents for traffic and wood burning in the Aethalometer-based source apportionment using radiocarbon measurements of ambient aerosol, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 4229–4249, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-4229-2017, 2017.
Short summary
Fine particle (PM1) pollution is a major health issue in the city of Marseille, which is subject to numerous pollution sources. Sampling carried out during the summer enabled a fine characterization of the PM1 sources and their oxidative potential, a promising new metric as a proxy for health impact. PM1 came mainly from combustion sources, secondary ammonium sulfate, and organic nitrate, while the oxidative potential of PM1 came from these sources and from resuspended dust in the atmosphere.
Fine particle (PM1) pollution is a major health issue in the city of Marseille, which is subject...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint