Articles | Volume 16, issue 13
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-8227-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-8227-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
08 Jul 2016
Research article |
| 08 Jul 2016
Inventory of African desert dust events in the north-central Iberian Peninsula in 2003–2014 based on sun-photometer–AERONET and particulate-mass–EMEP data
Grupo de Óptica Atmosférica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad
de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, CP 47011, Valladolid, Spain
Maria A. Burgos
Grupo de Óptica Atmosférica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad
de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, CP 47011, Valladolid, Spain
David Mateos
Grupo de Óptica Atmosférica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad
de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, CP 47011, Valladolid, Spain
Carlos Toledano
Grupo de Óptica Atmosférica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad
de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, CP 47011, Valladolid, Spain
Yasmine Bennouna
Grupo de Óptica Atmosférica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad
de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, CP 47011, Valladolid, Spain
Benjamín Torres
Grupo de Óptica Atmosférica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad
de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, CP 47011, Valladolid, Spain
Ángel M. de Frutos
Grupo de Óptica Atmosférica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad
de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, CP 47011, Valladolid, Spain
Álvaro Herguedas
Departamento de Control de Calidad y Cambio Climático,
Consejería de Fomento y Medio Ambiente de la Junta de Castilla y
León, Valladolid, Spain
Related authors
David Mateos, Carlos Toledano, Abel Calle, Roberto Román, Marcos Herreras-Giralda, Ramiro González, Sara Herrero-Anta, Daniel González-Fernández, Celia Herrero-del Barrio, Argyro Nisantzi, Rodanthi E. Mamouri, Silke Groß, Victoria E. Cachorro, Ángel M. de Frutos, and Bernadett Weinzierl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 1993–2005, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1993-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1993-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
A field experiment deployed in Cyprus included two sun photometers of Aerosol Robotic Network in two different sites. Mineral dust was predominant during the experiment, with Saharan and Arabian dust showing distinct optical properties, in particular, the Angstrom Exponent in the near-infrarred range and Volume Efficiency factor. Both magnitudes can served as a reliable proxy for mineral dust typing. No significant black carbon presence was detected.
Rosa D. García, África Barreto, Victoria E. Cachorro, Pablo González-Sicilia, Sergio León-Luis, Ayoze Alvárez-Hernández, Juan José Bustos, Ramón Ramos, Fernando Almansa, Óscar Álvarez-Losada, Yenny González, Pedro Pablo Rivas, and Carlos Javier Torres
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-306, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-306, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents a unique near-source observational analysis of the spectral radiative effects of extreme biomass-burning aerosols during the August 2023 wildfire on Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain). The exceptional proximity of the wildfire to the Izaña Observatory (2400 m a.s.l.) enabled a rare characterisation of aerosol optical properties, spectral solar irradiance, and surface radiative forcing under free-tropospheric conditions.
Roberto Román, Daniel González-Fernández, Juan Carlos Antuña-Sánchez, Celia Herrero del Barrio, Sara Herrero-Anta, África Barreto, Victoria E. Cachorro, Lionel Doppler, Ramiro González, Christoph Ritter, David Mateos, Natalia Kouremeti, Gustavo Copes, Abel Calle, María José Granados-Muñoz, Carlos Toledano, and Ángel M. de Frutos
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 2847–2875, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-2847-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-2847-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents a novel technique to extract starlight signals from all-sky images and retrieve aerosol optical depth (AOD). It is validated against lunar photometry, showing a strong correlation between data series. This innovative approach will expand nocturnal AOD measurements to more locations, as all-sky cameras are a simpler and more cost-effective alternative to stellar and lunar photometers.
Celia Herrero del Barrio, Roberto Román, Ramiro González, Alberto Cazorla, Marcos Herreras-Giralda, Juan Carlos Antuña-Sánchez, Francisco Molero, Francisco Navas-Guzmán, Antonio Serrano, María Ángeles Obregón, Yolanda Sola, Marco Pandolfi, Sara Herrero-Anta, Daniel González-Fernández, Jorge Muñiz-Rosado, David Mateos, Abel Calle, Carlos Toledano, Victoria Eugenia Cachorro, and Ángel Máximo de Frutos
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-581, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-581, 2024
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
Introducing CAECENET, a novel system that combines sun-sky photometer and ceilometer data, enabling the continuous monitoring and automatic retrieval of both vertical and columnar aerosol properties in near real-time. A case study on a Saharan dust outbreak illustrates it's efficacy in tracking aerosol events. Additionally, the analysis of Canadian wildfires' long-range transport is presented, showing it's utility in monitoring event propagation, aerosol concentration, and optical properties.
Antonio Fernando Almansa, África Barreto, Natalia Kouremeti, Ramiro González, Akriti Masoom, Carlos Toledano, Julian Gröbner, Rosa Delia García, Yenny González, Stelios Kazadzis, Stéphane Victori, Óscar Álvarez, Fabrice Maupin, Virgilio Carreño, Victoria Eugenia Cachorro, and Emilio Cuevas
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 659–675, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-659-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-659-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This paper applies sun photometer synergies to improve calibration transference between different sun photometers and also enhance their quality assurance and quality control. We have validated this technique using different instrumentation, the WMO-GAW and NASA-AERONET references, under different aerosol regimes using the standard Langley calibration method as a reference.
Sara Herrero-Anta, Roberto Román, David Mateos, Ramiro González, Juan Carlos Antuña-Sánchez, Marcos Herreras-Giralda, Antonio Fernando Almansa, Daniel González-Fernández, Celia Herrero del Barrio, Carlos Toledano, Victoria E. Cachorro, and Ángel M. de Frutos
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 4423–4443, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4423-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4423-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper shows the potential of a simple radiometer like the ZEN-R52 as a possible alternative for aerosol property retrieval in remote areas. A calibration method based on radiative transfer simulations together with an inversion methodology using the GRASP code is proposed here. The results demonstrate that this methodology is useful for the retrieval of aerosol extensive properties like aerosol optical depth (AOD) and aerosol volume concentration for total, fine and coarse modes.
Juan-Carlos Antuña-Marrero, Graham W. Mann, John Barnes, Abel Calle, Sandip S. Dhomse, Victoria E. Cachorro-Revilla, Terry Deshler, Li Zhengyao, Nimmi Sharma, and Louis Elterman
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2022-272, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2022-272, 2022
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
Tropospheric and stratospheric aerosol extinction profiles observations from a searchlight at New Mexico, US, were rescued and re-calibrated. Spanning between December 1963 and 1964, they measured the volcanic aerosols from the 1963 Agung eruption. Contemporary and state of the art information were used in the re-calibration. A unique and until the present forgotten/ignored dataset, it contributes current observational and modelling research on the impact of major volcanic eruptions on climate.
Victoria Eugenia Cachorro, Juan Carlos Antuña-Sanchez, and Ángel Máximo de Frutos
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 1689–1712, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-1689-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-1689-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This work describes the features of a simple, fast, accurate, and physically based spectral radiative transfer model (SSolar-GOA) in the solar wavelength range under clear skies. The model is intended for a wide community of users for many different applications, was designed to be easily replicated, and has sufficient accuracy. The validation of the model was carried out through extensive comparison with simulated spectra from the LibRadtran and with direct and global spectral measurements.
Roberto Román, Juan C. Antuña-Sánchez, Victoria E. Cachorro, Carlos Toledano, Benjamín Torres, David Mateos, David Fuertes, César López, Ramiro González, Tatyana Lapionok, Marcos Herreras-Giralda, Oleg Dubovik, and Ángel M. de Frutos
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 407–433, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-407-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-407-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
An all-sky camera is used to obtain the relative sky radiance, and this radiance is used as input in an inversion code to obtain aerosol properties. This paper is really interesting because it pushes forward the use and capability of sky cameras for more advanced science purposes. Enhanced aerosol properties can be retrieved with accuracy using only an all-sky camera, but synergy with other instruments providing aerosol optical depth could even increase the power of these low-cost instruments.
África Barreto, Francisco Quirós, Omaira E. García, Jorge Pereda-de-Pablo, Daniel González-Fernández, Andrés Bedoya-Velásquez, Michael Sicard, Carmen Córdoba-Jabonero, Marco Iarlori, Vincenzo Rizi, Nickolay Krotkov, Simon Carn, Reijo Roininen, Antonio J. Molina-Arias, A. Fernando Almansa, Óscar Álvarez-Losada, Carla Aramo, Juan José Bustos, Romain Ceolato, Adolfo Comerón, Alicia Felpeto, Rosa D. García, Pablo González-Sicilia, Yenny González, Pascal Hedelt, Miguel Hernández, María-Ángeles López-Cayuela, Diego Loyola, Stavros Meletlidis, Constantino Muñoz-Porcar, Ermanno Pietropaolo, Ramón Ramos, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez, Roberto Román, Pedro M. Romero-Campos, Martin Stuefer, Carlos Toledano, and Ellsworth J. Welton
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 1385–1406, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-1385-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-1385-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
This manuscript describes the instrumental coverage deployed during the Tajogaite eruption (19 September–25 December 2021) by the Instituto Geográfico Nacional (IGN), the Spanish State Meteorological Agency (AEMET), and other Spanish members of ACTRIS (Aerosol, Clouds and Trace Gases Research Infrastructure) to monitor its atmospheric impact. Two complementary methods provide consistent plume height data for future operational surveillance.
David Mateos, Carlos Toledano, Abel Calle, Roberto Román, Marcos Herreras-Giralda, Ramiro González, Sara Herrero-Anta, Daniel González-Fernández, Celia Herrero-del Barrio, Argyro Nisantzi, Rodanthi E. Mamouri, Silke Groß, Victoria E. Cachorro, Ángel M. de Frutos, and Bernadett Weinzierl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 1993–2005, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1993-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1993-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
A field experiment deployed in Cyprus included two sun photometers of Aerosol Robotic Network in two different sites. Mineral dust was predominant during the experiment, with Saharan and Arabian dust showing distinct optical properties, in particular, the Angstrom Exponent in the near-infrarred range and Volume Efficiency factor. Both magnitudes can served as a reliable proxy for mineral dust typing. No significant black carbon presence was detected.
Simone Pulimeno, Angelo Lupi, Vito Vitale, Claudia Frangipani, Carlos Toledano, Stelios Kazadzis, Natalia Kouremeti, Christoph Ritter, Sandra Graßl, Kerstin Stebel, Vitali Fioletov, Ihab Abboud, Sandra Blindheim, Lynn Ma, Norm O'Neill, Piotr Sobolewski, Pawan Gupta, Elena Lind, Thomas F. Eck, Antti Hyvärinen, Veijo Aaltonen, Rigel Kivi, Janae Csavina, Dmitry Kabanov, Sergey M. Sakerin, Olga R. Sidorova, Robert S. Stone, Hagen Telg, Laura Riihimaki, Raul R. Cordero, Martin Radenz, Ronny Engelmann, Michel Van Roozendal, Anatoli Chaikovsky, Philippe Goloub, Junji Hisamitsu, and Mauro Mazzola
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 1809–1846, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1809-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1809-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
This study analyzed aerosols optical properties over the Arctic and Antarctic to measure them even during long periods of darkness. It found that pollution in the Arctic is decreasing, likely due to European emission regulations, while wildfires are becoming a more important source of particles. In Antarctica, particle levels are higher near the coast than inland, and vary by season. These results help us better understand how air pollution and climate are changing at the Earth’s poles.
Rosa D. García, África Barreto, Victoria E. Cachorro, Pablo González-Sicilia, Sergio León-Luis, Ayoze Alvárez-Hernández, Juan José Bustos, Ramón Ramos, Fernando Almansa, Óscar Álvarez-Losada, Yenny González, Pedro Pablo Rivas, and Carlos Javier Torres
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-306, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-306, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents a unique near-source observational analysis of the spectral radiative effects of extreme biomass-burning aerosols during the August 2023 wildfire on Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain). The exceptional proximity of the wildfire to the Izaña Observatory (2400 m a.s.l.) enabled a rare characterisation of aerosol optical properties, spectral solar irradiance, and surface radiative forcing under free-tropospheric conditions.
Sara Herrero-Anta, Sabine Eckhardt, Nikolaos Evangeliou, Stefania Gilardoni, Sandra Graßl, Dominic Heslin-Rees, Stelios Kazadzis, Natalia Kouremeti, Radovan Krejci, David Mateos, Mauro Mazzola, Christoph Ritter, Roberto Román, Kerstin Stebel, and Tymon Zielinski
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 1435–1457, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1435-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1435-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
In summer 2019, unusually high aerosol concentrations were measured in the Arctic, extending through the troposphere and stratosphere up to 16 km. Using multiple instruments and models, aerosol particles were linked to wildfires, volcanic eruptions, and anthropogenic pollution. The aerosol consisted of spherical, fine-mode, weakly absorbing particles, which significantly reduced direct solar radiation. This combined approach improves understanding of Arctic aerosol events and climate processes.
Roberto Román, Daniel González-Fernández, Juan Carlos Antuña-Sánchez, Celia Herrero del Barrio, Sara Herrero-Anta, África Barreto, Victoria E. Cachorro, Lionel Doppler, Ramiro González, Christoph Ritter, David Mateos, Natalia Kouremeti, Gustavo Copes, Abel Calle, María José Granados-Muñoz, Carlos Toledano, and Ángel M. de Frutos
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 2847–2875, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-2847-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-2847-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents a novel technique to extract starlight signals from all-sky images and retrieve aerosol optical depth (AOD). It is validated against lunar photometry, showing a strong correlation between data series. This innovative approach will expand nocturnal AOD measurements to more locations, as all-sky cameras are a simpler and more cost-effective alternative to stellar and lunar photometers.
Silke Groß, Volker Freudenthaler, Moritz Haarig, Albert Ansmann, Carlos Toledano, David Mateos, Petra Seibert, Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri, Argyro Nisantzi, Josef Gasteiger, Maximilian Dollner, Anne Tipka, Manuel Schöberl, Marilena Teri, and Bernadett Weinzierl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 3191–3211, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3191-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3191-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosols contribute to the largest uncertainties in climate change predictions. The eastern Mediterranean is a hotspot for aerosols with natural and anthropogenic contributions. We present lidar measurements performed during A-LIFE (Absorbing aerosol layers in a changing climate: aging, lifetime and dynamics) to characterize aerosols and aerosol mixtures. We extend current lidar classification and separation schemes and compare them to classification schemes using different methods.
Carlos Toledano, Sarah Taylor, África Barreto, Stefan Adriaensen, Alberto Berjón, Agnieszka Bialek, Ramiro González, Emma Woolliams, and Marc Bouvet
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3649–3671, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3649-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3649-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The calibration of Earth observation sensors is key to ensuring the continuity of long-term and global climate records. Satellite sensors, calibrated prior to launch, are susceptible to degradation in space. The Moon provides a stable calibration reference; however, its illumination depends on the Sun–Earth–Moon geometry and must be modelled. A new lunar irradiance model is presented, built upon observations over 5 years at a high-altitude observatory and a rigorous calibration and validation.
Celia Herrero del Barrio, Roberto Román, Ramiro González, Alberto Cazorla, Marcos Herreras-Giralda, Juan Carlos Antuña-Sánchez, Francisco Molero, Francisco Navas-Guzmán, Antonio Serrano, María Ángeles Obregón, Yolanda Sola, Marco Pandolfi, Sara Herrero-Anta, Daniel González-Fernández, Jorge Muñiz-Rosado, David Mateos, Abel Calle, Carlos Toledano, Victoria Eugenia Cachorro, and Ángel Máximo de Frutos
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-581, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-581, 2024
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
Introducing CAECENET, a novel system that combines sun-sky photometer and ceilometer data, enabling the continuous monitoring and automatic retrieval of both vertical and columnar aerosol properties in near real-time. A case study on a Saharan dust outbreak illustrates it's efficacy in tracking aerosol events. Additionally, the analysis of Canadian wildfires' long-range transport is presented, showing it's utility in monitoring event propagation, aerosol concentration, and optical properties.
Antonio Fernando Almansa, África Barreto, Natalia Kouremeti, Ramiro González, Akriti Masoom, Carlos Toledano, Julian Gröbner, Rosa Delia García, Yenny González, Stelios Kazadzis, Stéphane Victori, Óscar Álvarez, Fabrice Maupin, Virgilio Carreño, Victoria Eugenia Cachorro, and Emilio Cuevas
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 659–675, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-659-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-659-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This paper applies sun photometer synergies to improve calibration transference between different sun photometers and also enhance their quality assurance and quality control. We have validated this technique using different instrumentation, the WMO-GAW and NASA-AERONET references, under different aerosol regimes using the standard Langley calibration method as a reference.
Óscar Alvárez, África Barreto, Omaira E. García, Frank Hase, Rosa D. García, Julian Gröbner, Sergio F. León-Luis, Eliezer Sepúlveda, Virgilio Carreño, Antonio Alcántara, Ramón Ramos, A. Fernando Almansa, Stelios Kazadzis, Noémie Taquet, Carlos Toledano, and Emilio Cuevas
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 4861–4884, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4861-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4861-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we have extended the capabilities of a portable Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) instrument, which was originally designed to provide high-quality greenhouse gas monitoring within COCCON (COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network). The extension allows the spectrometer to now also provide coincidentally column-integrated aerosol information. This addition of a reference instrument to a global network will be utilised to enhance our understanding of atmospheric chemistry.
Sara Herrero-Anta, Roberto Román, David Mateos, Ramiro González, Juan Carlos Antuña-Sánchez, Marcos Herreras-Giralda, Antonio Fernando Almansa, Daniel González-Fernández, Celia Herrero del Barrio, Carlos Toledano, Victoria E. Cachorro, and Ángel M. de Frutos
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 4423–4443, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4423-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4423-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper shows the potential of a simple radiometer like the ZEN-R52 as a possible alternative for aerosol property retrieval in remote areas. A calibration method based on radiative transfer simulations together with an inversion methodology using the GRASP code is proposed here. The results demonstrate that this methodology is useful for the retrieval of aerosol extensive properties like aerosol optical depth (AOD) and aerosol volume concentration for total, fine and coarse modes.
Juan-Carlos Antuña-Marrero, Graham W. Mann, John Barnes, Abel Calle, Sandip S. Dhomse, Victoria E. Cachorro-Revilla, Terry Deshler, Li Zhengyao, Nimmi Sharma, and Louis Elterman
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2022-272, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2022-272, 2022
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
Tropospheric and stratospheric aerosol extinction profiles observations from a searchlight at New Mexico, US, were rescued and re-calibrated. Spanning between December 1963 and 1964, they measured the volcanic aerosols from the 1963 Agung eruption. Contemporary and state of the art information were used in the re-calibration. A unique and until the present forgotten/ignored dataset, it contributes current observational and modelling research on the impact of major volcanic eruptions on climate.
África Barreto, Rosa D. García, Carmen Guirado-Fuentes, Emilio Cuevas, A. Fernando Almansa, Celia Milford, Carlos Toledano, Francisco J. Expósito, Juan P. Díaz, and Sergio F. León-Luis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 11105–11124, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11105-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11105-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A comprehensive characterization of atmospheric aerosols in the subtropical eastern North Atlantic has been carried out in this paper using long-term ground AERONET photometric observations over the period 2005–2020 from a unique network made up of four stations strategically located from sea level to 3555 m height on the island of Tenerife. This is a region that can be considered a key location to study the seasonal dependence of dust transport from the Sahel-Sahara.
Victoria Eugenia Cachorro, Juan Carlos Antuña-Sanchez, and Ángel Máximo de Frutos
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 1689–1712, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-1689-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-1689-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This work describes the features of a simple, fast, accurate, and physically based spectral radiative transfer model (SSolar-GOA) in the solar wavelength range under clear skies. The model is intended for a wide community of users for many different applications, was designed to be easily replicated, and has sufficient accuracy. The validation of the model was carried out through extensive comparison with simulated spectra from the LibRadtran and with direct and global spectral measurements.
Roberto Román, Juan C. Antuña-Sánchez, Victoria E. Cachorro, Carlos Toledano, Benjamín Torres, David Mateos, David Fuertes, César López, Ramiro González, Tatyana Lapionok, Marcos Herreras-Giralda, Oleg Dubovik, and Ángel M. de Frutos
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 407–433, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-407-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-407-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
An all-sky camera is used to obtain the relative sky radiance, and this radiance is used as input in an inversion code to obtain aerosol properties. This paper is really interesting because it pushes forward the use and capability of sky cameras for more advanced science purposes. Enhanced aerosol properties can be retrieved with accuracy using only an all-sky camera, but synergy with other instruments providing aerosol optical depth could even increase the power of these low-cost instruments.
Moritz Haarig, Albert Ansmann, Ronny Engelmann, Holger Baars, Carlos Toledano, Benjamin Torres, Dietrich Althausen, Martin Radenz, and Ulla Wandinger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 355–369, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-355-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-355-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The irregular shape of dust particles makes it difficult to treat them correctly in optical models. Atmospheric measurements of dust optical properties are therefore of great importance. The present study increases the space of observed parameters from 355 and 532 nm towards 1064 nm, which is of special importance for large dust particles. The lidar ratio influenced by mineralogy and the depolarization ratio influenced by shape are measured for the first time at all three wavelengths.
Qiansi Tu, Frank Hase, Matthias Schneider, Omaira García, Thomas Blumenstock, Tobias Borsdorff, Matthias Frey, Farahnaz Khosrawi, Alba Lorente, Carlos Alberti, Juan J. Bustos, André Butz, Virgilio Carreño, Emilio Cuevas, Roger Curcoll, Christopher J. Diekmann, Darko Dubravica, Benjamin Ertl, Carme Estruch, Sergio Fabián León-Luis, Carlos Marrero, Josep-Anton Morgui, Ramón Ramos, Christian Scharun, Carsten Schneider, Eliezer Sepúlveda, Carlos Toledano, and Carlos Torres
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 295–317, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-295-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-295-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We use different methane ground- and space-based remote sensing data sets for investigating the emission strength of three waste disposal sites close to Madrid. We present a method that uses wind-assigned anomalies for deriving emission strengths from satellite data and estimate their uncertainty to 9–14 %. The emission strengths estimated from the remote sensing data sets are significantly larger than the values published in the official register.
Cited articles
Aas, W., Espen Yttri, K., Stohl, A. , Lund Myhre, C., Karl, M., Tsyro, S., Marecková, K., Wankmüller, R., Klimont, Z., Heyes, C., Alastuey, A., Querol, X., Pérez, N., Moreno, T., Lucarelli, F., Areskoug, H., Balan, V., Cavalli, F., Putaud, J. P., Cape, J. N., Catrambone, M., Ceburnis, D., Conil, S., Gevorgyan, L., Jaffrezo, J. L., Hueglin, C., Mihalopoulos, N., Mitosinkova, M., Riffault, V., Sellegri, K., Spindler, G., Schuck, T., Pfeffer, U., Breuer, L., Adolfs, D., Chuntonova, L., Arabidze, M., and Abdulazizov, E.: Transboundary particulate matter in Europe Status report 2013, EMEP Report, 4/2013 (Ref. O-7726), 2013.
Alados-Arboledas, L., Lyamani, H., and Olmo, F. J.: Aerosol size properties at Armilla, Granada (Spain), Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 129, 1395–1413, https://doi.org/10.1256/qj.01.207, 2003.
Barmpadimos, I., Keller, J., Oderbolz, D., Hueglin, C., and Prévôt, A. S. H.: One decade of parallel fine (PM2.5) and coarse (PM10–PM2.5) particulate matter measurements in Europe: trends and variability, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 3189–3203, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-3189-2012, 2012.
Basart, S., Pérez, C., Cuevas, E., Baldasano, J. M., and Gobbi, G. P.: Aerosol characterization in Northern Africa, Northeastern Atlantic, Mediterranean Basin and Middle East from direct-sun AERONET observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 8265–8282, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-8265-2009, 2009.
Bègue, N., Tulet, P., Chaboureau, J. P., Roberts, G., Gomes, L., and Mallet, M.: Long-range transport of Saharan dust over northwestern Europe during EUCAARI 2008 campaign: Evolution of dust optical properties by scavenging, J. Geophys. Res., 117, D17201, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD017611, 2012.
Belis, C. A., Karagulian, F., Larsen, B. R., and Hopke, P. K.: Critical review and met-analysis of ambient particulate matter source apportionment using receptor models in Europe, Atmos Environ., 69, 94–108, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.11.009, 2013.
Bennouna, Y. S., Cachorro, V. E., Torres, B., Toledano, C., Berjón, A., de Frutos, A. M., and Alonso Fernández Coppel, I.: Atmospheric turbidity determined by the annual cycle of the aerosol optical depth over north-center Spain from ground (AERONET) and satellite (MODIS), Atmos. Environ., 67, 352–364, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.10.065, 2013.
Bennouna, Y. S., Cachorro, V., Burgos, M. A., Toledano, C., Torres, B., and de Frutos, A.: Relationships between columnar aerosol optical properties and surface particulate matter observations in north-central Spain from long-term records (2003–2011), Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., 7, 5829–5882, https://doi.org/10.5194/amtd-7-5829-2014, 2014.
Boselli, A., Caggiano, R., Cornacchia, C., Madonna, F., Mona, L., Macchiato, M., Pappalardo, G., and Trippeta, S.: Multi year sun-photometer measurements for aerosol characterization in a Central Mediterranean site, Atmos. Res., 104–105, 98–110, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2011.08.002, 2012.
Boucher, O., Randall, D., Artaxo, P., Bretherton, C., Feingold, G., Forster, P., Kerminen, V. M., Kondo, Y., Liao, H., Lohmann, U., Rasch, P., Satheesh, S. K., Sherwood, S., Stevens, B., and Zhang, X. Y.: Clouds and aerosols, in: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by: Stocker, T. F., Qin, D., Plattner, G.-K., Tignor, M., Allen, S. K., Boschung, J., Nauels, A., Xia, Y., Bex, V., and Midgley, P. M., 571–657, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 2013.
Cachorro, V. E., Durán, P., Vergaz, R., and de Frutos, A. M.: Columnar physical and radiative properties of atmospheric aerosols in north central Spain, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 7161–7175, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JD901165, 2000.
Cachorro, V. E., Vergaz, R., de Frutos, A. M., Vilaplana, J. M., Henriques, D., Laulainen, N., and Toledano, C.: Study of desert dust events over the southwestern Iberian Peninsula in year 2000: two case studies, Ann. Geophys., 24, 1493–1510, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-24-1493-2006, 2006.
Cachorro, V. E., Toledano, C., Prats, N., Sorribas, M., Mogo, S., Berjón, A., Torres, B., Rodrigo, R., de la Rosa, J., and De Frutos, A. M.: The strongest desert dust intrusion mixed with smoke over the Iberian Peninsula registered with Sun photometry, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D14S04, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009582, 2008.
Córdoba-Jabonero, C., Sorribas, M., Guerrero-Rascado, J. L., Adame, J. A., Hernández, Y., Lyamani, H., Cachorro, V., Gil, M., Alados-Arboledas, L., Cuevas, E., and de la Morena, B.: Synergetic monitoring of Saharan dust plumes and potential impact on surface: a case study of dust transport from Canary Islands to Iberian Peninsula, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 3067–3091, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-3067-2011, 2011.
Cusack, M., Alastuey, A., Pérez, N., Pey, J., and Querol, X.: Trends of particulate matter (PM2.5) and chemical composition at a regional background site in the Western Mediterranean over the last nine years (2002–2010), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 8341–8357, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-8341-2012, 2012.
d'Almeida, G., Koepke, P., and Shettle, E.: Atmospheric Aerosols: Global Climatology and Radiative Characteristics, Studies in Geophysical Optics and Remote Sensing, A. Deepak Pub., Hampton, Va, 561 pp., 1991.
di Sarra, A., Di Biagio, C., Meloni, D., Monteleone, F., Pace, G., Pugnaghi, S., and Sferlazzo, D.: Shortwave and longwave radiative effects of the intense Saharan dust event of 25–26 March 2010 at Lampedusa (Mediterranean Sea), J. Geophys. Res., 116, D23209, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016238, 2011.
Draxler, R. A., Stunder, B., Rolph, G., Stein, A., and Taylor, A.: HYSPLIT4 User's Guide, Air Resources Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Silver Spring, MD, 2014.
Dubovik, O., Holben, B. N., Eck, T. F., Smirnov, A., Kaufman, Y. J., King, M. D., Tanré, D., and Slutsker, I.: Variability of absorption and optical properties of key aerosol types observed in worldwide locations, J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 590–608, 2002.
EC: Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (21 May 2008) on Ambient Air Quality and Cleaner Air for Europe, Official Journal of the European Communities, L 151, 1–44, available at: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32008L0050 (last access: 7 December 2015), 2008.
Eck, T. F., Holben, B. N., Reid, J. S., Dubovik, O., Smirnov, A., O'Neill, N. T., Slutsker, I., and Kinne, S.: The wavelength dependence of theoptical depth of biomass burning, urban and desert dust aerosols, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 31333–31350, 1999.
Eck, T. F., Holben, B. N., Sinyuk, A., Pinker, R. T., Goloub, P., Chen, H., Chatenet, B., Li, Z.. Singh, R. P., Tripathi, S. N., Reid, J. S., Giles, D. M., Dubovik, O., O'Neill, N. T., Smirnov, A., Wang, P., and Xia, X.: Climatological aspects of the optical properties of fine/coarse mode aerosol mixtures, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D19205, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD014002, 2010.
Engelstaedter, S. and Washington, R.: Atmospheric controls on the annual cycle of North African dust, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D03103, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007195, 2007.
Escudero, M., Castillo, S., Querol, X., Avila, A., Alarcón, M., Viana, M. M., Alastuey, A., Cuevas, E., and Rodríguez, S.: Wet and dry African dust episodes over eastern Spain, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D18S08, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD004731, 2005.
Escudero, M., Stein, A., Draxler, R. R., Querol, X., Alastuey, A., Castillo, S., and Avila, A.: Determination of the contribution of northern Africa dust source areas to PM10 concentrations over the central Iberian Peninsula using the hybrid single-particle lagrangian integrated trajectory model (HYSPLIT) model, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D06210, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006395, 2006.
Escudero, M., Querol, X., Pey, J., Alastuey, A., Pérez, N., Ferreira, F., Alonso, S., and Cuevas, E.: A methodology for the quantification of the net African dust load in air quality monitoring networks, Atmos. Environ., 41, 5516–5524, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.04.047, 2007.
Escudero, M., Stein, A. F., Draxler, R. R., Querol, X., Alastuey, A., Castillo, S., and Avila, A.: Source apportionment for African dust outbreaks over the western Mediterranean using the HYSPLIT model, Atmos. Res., 99, 518–527, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2010.12.002, 2011.
Estellés, V., Martínez-Lozano, J. A., Utrillas, M. P., and Campanelli, M.: Columnar aerosol properties in Valencia (Spain) by ground-based Sun photometry, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D11201, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD008167, 2007.
Ganor, E., Stupp, A., and Alpert, P.: A method to determine the effct of mineral dust aerosol on air quality. Atmos. Environ., 43, 5463–5468, https://doi.org/10106/j.atmosenv.2009.07.028, 2009.
Gkikas, A., Hatzianastassiou, N., Mihalopoulos, N., Katsoulis, V., Kazadzis, S., Pey, J., Querol, X., and Torres, O.: The regime of intense desert dust episodes in the Mediterranean based on contemporary satellite observations and ground measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 12135–12154, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-12135-2013, 2013.
Gkikas, A., Basart, S., Hatzianastassiou, N., Marinou, E., Amiridis, V., Kazadzis, S., Pey, J., Querol, X., Jorba, O., Gassó, S., and Baldasano, J. M.: Mediterranean desert dust outbreaks and their vertical structure based on remote sensing data, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 15, 27675–27748, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-27675-2015, 2015.
Goudie, A. S. and Middleton, N. J.: Desert Dust in the Global System, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Germany, 288 pp., 2006.
Guerrero-Rascado, J. L., Olmo, F. J., Avilés-Rodríguez, I., Navas-Guzmán, F., P'erez-Ra'irez, D., Lyamani, H., and Alados Arboledas, L.: Extreme Saharan dust event over the southern Iberian Peninsula in september 2007: active and passive remote sensing from surface and satellite, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 8453-8469, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-8453-2009, 2009.
Guirado, C., Cuevas, E., Cachorro, V. E., Toledano, C., Alonso-Pérez, S., Bustos, J. J., Basart, S., Romero, P. M., Camino, C., Mimouni, M., Zeudmi, L., Goloub, P., Baldasano, J. M., and de Frutos, A. M.: Aerosol characterization at the Saharan AERONET site Tamanrasset, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 11753–11773, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-11753-2014, 2014.
Haywood, J. M. and Boucher, O.: Estimates of the direct and indirect radiative forcing due to tropospheric aerosols: A review, Rev. Geophys., 38, 513–543, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999RG000078, 2000.
Hogan, T. and Rosmond, T.: The description of the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Predictions System's spectral forecast model, Mon. Weather Rev., 119, 1786–1815, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1991)119<1786:TDOTNO>2.0.CO;2, 1991.
Holben, B. N., Eck, T. F., Slutsker, I., Tanré, D., Buis, J. P., Setzer, A., Vermote, E., and Smirnov, A.: AERONET – A federated instrument network and data archive for aerosol characterization, Remote Sens. Environ., 66, 1–16, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-4257(98)00031-5, 1998.
Kalivitis, N., Gerasopoulos, E., Vrekousis, M., Kouvarakis, G., Kubilay, N., Hatzianastassiou, N., Vardavas, I., and Mihalopoulos, N.: Dust transport over the Eastern Mediterranean from TOMS, AERONET and surface measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D03202, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007510, 2007.
Kallos, G., Papadopoulos, A., and Katsafados, P.: Model-derived seasonal amounts of dust deposited on Mediterranean Sea and Europe. In Building the European Capacity in Operational Oceanography. Proceedings of the Third International Conference on EuroGOOS, Athens, Greece 3–6 December 2002, edited by: Dahlin, H., Flemming, N. C., Nittis, K., and Petersson, S. E., Elsevier Oceanography Series, 69, 57–63, 2003.
Kaskaoutis, D., Kambezidis, H., Nastos, P., and Kosmopoulos, P.: Study on an intense dust storm over Greece, Atmos. Environ., 42, 6884–6896, 2008.
Kaskaoutis, D. G., Kosmopoulos, P. G., Nastos, P. T., Kambezidis, H. D., Sharma, M., and Mehdi, W.: Transport pathways of Sahara dust over Athens, Greece as detected by MODIS and TOMS, Geomat. Nat. Hazards Risk, 3, 35–54, 2012.
Kaufman, Y. J., Koren, I., Remer, L. A., Tanré, D., Ginoux, P., and Fan, S.: Dust transport and deposition observed from the terra-moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) spacecraft over the Atlantic ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D10S12, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD004436, 2005.
Knippertz, P. and Stuut, J.-B. W.: Mineral Dust: A Key Player in the Earth System, Springer Netherlands. Dordrecht, Netherlands, 509 pp., 2014.
Knippertz, P. and Todd, M.C.: Mineral dust aerosols over the Sahara: Meteorological controls on emission and transport and implications for modeling, Rev. Geophys., 50, RG1007, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011RG000362, 2012.
Kulmala, M., Asmi, A., Lappalainen, H. K., Carslaw, K. S., Pöschl, U., Baltensperger, U., Hov, Ø., Brenquier, J.-L., Pandis, S. N., Facchini, M. C., Hansson, H.-C., Wiedensohler, A., and O'Dowd, C. D.: Introduction: European Integrated Project on Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality interactions (EUCAARI) – integrating aerosol research from nano to global scales, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 2825–2841, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-2825-2009, 2009.
Lohmann, U. and Feichter, J.: Global indirect aerosol effects: a review, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 715–737, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-5-715-2005, 2005.
Lohmann, U., Rotstayn, L., Storelvmo, T., Jones, A., Menon, S., Quaas, J., Ekman, A. M. L., Koch, D., and Ruedy, R.: Total aerosol effect: radiative forcing or radiative flux perturbation?, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 3235–3246, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-3235-2010, 2010.
Lyamani, H., Olmo, F. J., and Alados-Arboledas, L.: Saharan dust outbreak over southeastern Spain as detected by sun photometer, Atmos. Environ., 39, 7276–7284, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.09.011, 2005.
MAGRAMA: Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente. “Procedimiento para la identificación de episodios naturales de PM10 y PM2.5, y la demostración de causa en lo referente a las superaciones del valor límite diario de PM10”, Madrid, Spain, Abril 2013, available at: http://www.magrama.gob.es/es/calidad-y-evaluacion-ambiental/temas/atmosfera-y-calidad-del-aire/Metodolog%C3%ADa_para_episodios_naturales_2012_tcm7-281402.pdf (last access: 7 December 2015), 2013.
MAGRAMA: Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente, “Episodios naturales de particulas 2014”, Madrid, Spain. Abril 2015, available at: http://www.magrama.gob.es/es/calidad-y-evaluacion-ambiental/temas/atmosfera-y-calidad-del-aire/episodiosnaturales2014_tcm7-379247.pdf (last access: 7 December 2015), 2015.
Mahowald, N. M., Kloster, S., Engelstaedter, S., Moore, J. K., Mukhopadhyay, S., McConnell, J. R., Albani, S., Doney, S. C., Bhattacharya, A., Curran, M. A. J., Flanner, M. G., Hoffman, F. M., Lawrence, D. M., Lindsay, K., Mayewski, P. A., Neff, J., Rothenberg, D., Thomas, E., Thornton, P. E., and Zender, C. S.: Observed 20th century desert dust variability: impact on climate and biogeochemistry, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 10875–10893, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-10875-2010, 2010.
Mateos, D., Antón, M., Toledano, C., Cachorro, V. E., Alados-Arboledas, L., Sorribas, M., Costa, M. J., and Baldasano, J. M.: Aerosol radiative effects in the ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared spectral ranges using long-term aerosol data series over the Iberian Peninsula, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 13497–13514, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-13497-2014, 2014a.
Mateos, D., Sanchez-Lorenzo, A., Antón, M., Cachorro, V. E., Calbo, J., Costa, M. J., Torres, B., and Wild, M.: Quantifying the respective roles of aerosols and clouds in the strong brigthening since the early 2000s over the Iberian Peninsula, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 119, 10382–10393, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022076, 2014b.
Mateos, D., Cachorro, V. E., Toledano, C., Burgos, M. A., Bennouna, Y., Torres, B., Fuertes, D., González, R., Guirado, C., Calle, A., and de Frutos, A. M.: Columnar and surface aerosol load over the Iberian Peninsula establishing annual cycles, trends, and relationships in five geographical sectors, Sci. Total Environ., 518–519, 378–392, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.002, 2015.
Meloni, D., di Sarra, A., Biavati, G., DeLuisi, J. J., Monteleone, F., Pace, G., Piacentino, S., and Sferlazzo, D. M.: Seasonal behavior of Saharan dust events at the Mediterranean island of Lampedusa in the period 1999–2005, Atmos. Env., 41, 3041–3056, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.12.001, 2007.
Mona, L., Amodeo, A., Pandolfi, M., and Pappalardo, G.: Saharan dust intrusions in the mediterranean area: Three years of raman lidar measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D16203, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006569, 2006.
Mona, L., Papagiannopoulos, N., Basart, S., Baldasano, J., Binietoglou, I., Cornacchia, C., and Pappalardo, G.: EARLINET dust observations vs. BSC-DREAM8b modeled profiles: 12-year-long systematic comparison at Potenza, Italy, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 8781–8793, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-8781-2014, 2014.
Obregón, M. A., Pereira, S., Wagner, F., Serrano, A., Cancillo, M. L., and Silva, A. M.: Regional differences of column aerosol parameters in western Iberian Peninsula, Atmos. Environ., 62, 208–219, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.08.016, 2012.
O'Neill, N. T., Eck, T. F., Smirnov, A., Holben, B. N., and Thulasiraman, S.: Spectral discrimination of coarse and fine mode optical depth, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4559, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002975, 2003.
Ortiz de Galisteo, J. P., Bennouna, Y., Toledano, C., Cachorro, V., Romero, P., Andrés, M. I., and Torres, B.: Analysis of the annual cycle of the precipitable water vapour over Spain from 10-year homogenized series of GPS data, Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 140, 397–406, https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2146, 2013.
Pace, G., di Sarra, A., Meloni, D., Piacentino, S., and Chamard, P.: Aerosol optical properties at Lampedusa (Central Mediterranean). 1. Influence of transport and identification of different aerosol types, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 697–713, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-697-2006, 2006.
Papayannis, A., Amiridis, V., Mona, L., Tsaknakis, G., Balis, D., Bosenberg, J., Chaikovski, A., De Tomasi, F., Grigorov, I., Mattis, I., Mitev, V., Muller, D., Nickovic, S., Perez, C., Pietruczuk, A., Pisani, G., Ravetta, F., Rizi, V., Sicard, M., Trickl, T., Wiegner, M., Gerding, M., Mamouri, R. E., D'Amico, G., and Pappalardo, G.: Systematic lidar observations of Saharan dust over Europe in the frame of EARLINET (2000–2002), J. Geophys. Res., 113, D10204, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007jd009028, 2008.
Pérez, C., Nickovic, S., Baldasano, J. M., Sicard, M., Rocadenbosch, F., and Cachorro, V. E.: A long Saharan dust event over the western mediterranean: Lidar, sun photometer observations, and regional dust modeling, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D15214, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006579, 2006.
Pérez, L., Tobías, A., Querol, X., Pey, J., Alastuey, A., Díaz, J., and Sunyer, J.: Saharan dust, particulate matter and cause-specific mortality: A case-crossover study in Barcelona (Spain), Environ. Int., 48, 150–155, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2012.07.001, 2012.
Pey, J., Querol, X., Alastuey, A., Forastiere, F., and Stafoggia, M.: African dust outbreaks over the Mediterranean Basin during 2001–2011: PM10 concentrations, phenomenology and trends, and its relation with synoptic and mesoscale meteorology, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 1395–1410, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-1395-2013, 2013a.
Pey, J., Alastuey, A., and Querol, X.: PM10 and PM2.5 source at the insular location in the western Mediterranean by using source apportionment techniques, Sci. Total Environ., 456–457, 267–277, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.03.084, 2013b.
Pope, C. A.: Review: Epidemiological basis for particulate air pollution health standards, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 31, 4–14, https://doi.org/10.1080/027868200303885, 2000.
Prospero, J. M.: Long-term measurements of the transport of African mineral dust to the Southeastern United States: Implications for regional air quality, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 15.917–15.927, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JD900072, 1999.
Prospero, J. M., Ginoux, P., Torres, O., Nicholson, S. E., and Gill, T. E.: Environmental characterization of global sources of atmospheric soil dust identified with the nimbus 7 total ozone mapping spectrometer (TOMS) absorbing aerosol product, Rev. Geophys., 40, 2-1–2-31, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000RG000095, 2002.
Querol, X., Pey, J., Pandolfi, M., Alastuey, A., Cusack, M., Pérez, N., Moreno, T., and Kleanthous, S.: African dust contributions to mean ambient PM10 mass-levels across the Mediterranean Basin, Atmos. Environ., 43, 4266–4277, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.06.013, 2009.
Querol, X., Alastuey, A., Viana, M., Moreno, T., Reche, C., Minguillón, M. C., Ripoll, A., Pandolfi, M., Amato, F., Karanasiou, A., Pérez, N., Pey, J., Cusack, M., Vázquez, R., Plana, F., Dall'Osto, M., de la Rosa, J., Sánchez de la Campa, A., Fernández-Camacho, R., Rodríguez, S., Pio, C., Alados-Arboledas, L., Titos, G., Artíñano, B., Salvador, P., García Dos Santos, S., and Fernández Patier, R.: Variability of carbonaceous aerosols in remote, rural, urban and industrial environments in Spain: implications for air quality policy, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 6185–6206, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-6185-2013, 2013.
Querol, X., Alastuey, A., Pandolfi, M., Reche, C., Pérez, N., Minguillón, M. C., Moreno, T., Viana, M., Escudero, M., Orio, A., Pallarés, M., and Reina, F.: 2001–2012 trends on air quality in Spain, Sci. Total Environ., 490, 957–969, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.074, 2014.
Rodríguez, S., Querol, X., Alastuey, A., Kallos, G., and Kakaliagou, O.: Saharan dust contributions to PM10 and TSP levels in Southern and Eastern Spain, Atmos. Environ., 35, 2433–2447, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(00)00496-9, 2001.
Rodríguez, S., Querol, X., Alastuey, A., and Plana, F.: Sources and processes affecting levels and composition of atmospheric aerosol in the western Mediterranean, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 4777, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001488, 2002.
Rodríguez, S., Cuevas, E., Prospero, J. M., Alastuey, A., Querol, X., López-Solano, J., García, M. I., and Alonso-Pérez, S.: Modulation of Saharan dust export by the North African dipole, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 7471–7486, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-7471-2015, 2015.
Salvador, P., Artiñano, B., Molero, F., Viana, M., Pey, J., Alastuey, A., and Querol, X.: African Dust Contribution to Ambient Aerosol Levels Across Central Spain: Characterization of Long-Range Transport Episodes of Desert Dust, Atmos. Res., 127, 117–129, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2011.12.011, 2013.
Salvador, P., Alonso-Pérez, S., Pey, J., Artíñano, B., de Bustos, J. J., Alastuey, A., and Querol, X.: African dust outbreaks over the western Mediterranean Basin: 11-year characterization of atmospheric circulation patterns and dust source areas, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 6759–6775, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-6759-2014, 2014.
Sanchez-Lorenzo, A., Calbó, J., and Wild, M.: Global and diffuse solar radiation in Spain: Building a homogeneous dataset and assessing trends, Global Planet. Change, 100, 343–352, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2012.11.010, 2013.
Stein, A., Draxler, R., Rolph, G., Stunder, B., Cohen, M., and Ngan, F.: NOAA's HYSPLIT atmospheric transport and dispersion modeling system, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 96, 2059–2077, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00110.1, 2015.
Su, L., Yuan, Z., Fung, J. C. H., and Lau, A. K. H.: A comparison of HYSPLIT backward trajectories generated from two GDAS datasets, Sci. Total Environ., 506–507, 527–537, 2015.
Tafuro, A. M., Barnaba, F., De Tomasi, F., Perrone, M. R., and Gobbi, G. P.: Saharan dust particle properties over the central Mediterranean, Atmos. Res., 81, 67–93, 2006.
Toledano, C., Cachorro, V. E., Berjon, A., de Frutos, A. M., Sorribas, M., de la Morena, B., and Goloub, P.: Aerosol optical depth and Ångström exponent climatology at El Arenosillo AERONET site (Huelva, Spain), Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 133, 795–807, https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.54, 2007a.
Toledano, C., Cachorro, V. E., de Frutos, A. M., Sorribas, M., and Prats, N.: Inventory of African Desert Dust Events Over the Southwestern Iberian Peninsula in 2000–2005 with an AERONET Cimel Sun Photometer, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D21201, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD008307, 2007b.
Trenberth, K. E., Fasullo, J. T., and Kiehl, J.: Earth's Global Energy Budget, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 90, 311–323, https://doi.org/10.1175/2008BAMS2634.1, 2009.
Valenzuela, A., Olmo, F. J., Lyamani, H., Antón, M., Quirantes, A., and Alados-Arboledas, L.: Classification of aerosol radiative properties during African desert dust intrusions over southeastern Spain by sector origins and cluster analysis, J. Geophys. Res., 117, D06214, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016885, 2012a.
Valenzuela, A., Olmo, F. J., Lyamani, H., Antón, M., Quirantes, A., and Alados-Arboledas, L.: Aerosol radiative forcing during African desert dust events (2005–2010) over Southeastern Spain, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 10331–10351, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-10331-2012, 2012b.
Vergaz, R., Cachorro, V. E., de Frutos, A. M., Vilaplana, J. M., and de la Morena, B. A.: Columnar characteristics of aerosols by spectroradiometer measurements in the maritime area of the Cadiz gulf (Spain), Int. J. Climatol., 25, 1781–1804, https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.1208, 2005.
Viana, M., Salvador, P., Artiñano, B., Querol, X., Alastuey, A., Pey, J., Latz, A. J., Cabañas, M., Moreno, T., García, S., Herce, M., Diez, P., Romero, D., and Fernández, R.: Assessing the perfomance of methods to detect and quantify African dust in airborne particulates, Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 8814–8820, https://doi.org/10.1021/es1022625, 2010.
Viana, M., Pey, J., Querol, X., Alastuey, A., de Leeuw, F., and Lükewille, A.: Natural Sources of Atmospheric Aerosols Influencing Air Quality Across Europe, Sci. Total Environ., 472, 825–833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.11.140, 2014.
Wild, M., Folini, D., Schar, C., Loeb, N., Dutton, E. G., and König-Langlo, G.: The global energy balance from a surface perspective, Clim. Dynam., 40, 3107–3134, https://doi.org/10.1007/S00382-012-1569-8, 2013.
Zender, C. S., Bian, H., and Newman, D.: Mineral Dust Entrainment and Deposition (DEAD) model: Description and 1990s dust climatology, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4416, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002775, 2003.
Short summary
This study presents the first desert dust (DD) long-term inventory simultaneously using columnar aerosol optical depth (AOD) and the Ångström exponent and surface particulate-matter (PM) concentrations. The DD contribution to the aerosol load is evaluated in the period 2003–2014 for columnar and surface data, analysing the correlation between DD contributions to AOD and PM10. Saharan mineral dust can explain up to 30 % of the total aerosol load decrease observed in the study area.
This study presents the first desert dust (DD) long-term inventory simultaneously using columnar...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint