Articles | Volume 23, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3543-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3543-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
22 Mar 2023
Research article |
| 22 Mar 2023
| 22 Mar 2023
Seasonal variation of aerosol iron solubility in coarse and fine particles at an inland city in northwestern China
Huanhuan Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key
Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Rui Li
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key
Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
Chengpeng Huang
Longhua Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shenzhen,
Shenzhen, China
Xiaofei Li
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University
of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
Shuwei Dong
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key
Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
Fu Wang
Longhua Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shenzhen,
Shenzhen, China
Tingting Li
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key
Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
Yizhu Chen
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key
Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
Guohua Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key
Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
Yan Ren
Longhua Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shenzhen,
Shenzhen, China
Qingcai Chen
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University
of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
Ru-jin Huang
State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of
Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China
Siyu Chen
College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
Tao Xue
School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
Xinming Wang
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key
Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key
Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou
Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Related authors
No articles found.
Jingye Ren, Wei Xu, Ru-Jin Huang, Fang Zhang, Ying Wang, Lu Chen, Jurgita Ovadnevaite, Darius Ceburnis, Colin O'Dowd, and Yele Sun
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 2985–3000, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-2985-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-2985-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Impact of mixing state on cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) was incorporated in limited modeling with simplified assumption. This study derived a mixing state index from hygroscopicity and systematically investigated the covariation between the mixing state and CCN activity in inland and coastal air. We propose a practical approach for estimating critical diameter from mixing state index, applicable when the aerosol particles are not highly aged.
Yali Jin, Hao Luo, Siqi Tang, Shuhui Xue, Chengyu Nie, Xiaocong Peng, Yan Zheng, Weiqi Xu, Guohua Zhang, Xiaole Pan, Yele Sun, Qi Chen, Lanzhong Liu, and Defeng Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 2813–2830, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-2813-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-2813-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Cloud substantially changes the compositions organic aerosol. How cloud processing of organics occur on molecular level remains unclear. We found that compared with cloud free particles, organics in cloud contains more large molecules likely due to accretion reactions and has more nitrogen-containing compounds. We identify some new compounds formed in cloud. Such modifications of the organics in cloud can further change its physicochemical properties, and impact on climate and human health.
Chunshui Lin, Ru-Jin Huang, Jing Duan, Jing Qu, Jiahua Liu, Yi Liu, Yan Luo, Wei Huang, Wei Xu, Yanan Zhan, Zhitao Liu, Sihan Liu, Qingshuang Zhang, Quan Liu, Zirui Liu, Shengrong Lou, Huinan Yang, Dan Dan Huang, Cheng Huang, and Hongli Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 2635–2647, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-2635-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-2635-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Since China's 2013 Clean Air Act cut PM2.5 by over half, winter haze in the North China Plain persists partly due to secondary organic aerosols now dominating primary organic aerosol, requiring urgent regional cooperation to address model-underestimated chemical transformations and cross-border pollution.
Yunfeng He, Xiang Ding, Quanfu He, Yuqing Zhang, Metin Baykara, Duohong Chen, Tao Zhang, Kong Yang, Junqi Wang, Qian Cheng, Hao Jiang, Zirui Wang, Ping Liu, Xinming Wang, and Michael Boy
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 1093–1107, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1093-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1093-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
This study conducted long-term measurements of oxalic acid and molecular markers of primary anthropogenic emissions and secondary organic aerosols (SOA). We found that the reductions in anthropogenic precursors had limited impacts on SOA formation. The results highlight the increasing role of gas-phase oxidation under low-pollution conditions, emphasizing the need for effective ozone control strategies to mitigate SOA formation.
Wenhui Zhao, Weiwei Hu, Zhaoce Liu, Tianle Pan, Tingting Feng, Jun Wang, Yiyu Cai, Lin Liang, Shan Huang, Bin Yuan, Nan Ma, Min Shao, Guohua Zhang, Xinhui Bi, Xinming Wang, and Pengfei Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 135–154, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-135-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-135-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Our study examined brown carbon – organic aerosols that absorb light – at the remote Tibet and urban Guangzhou. Field data showed Tibet’s brown carbon absorbs about 10 times less than Guangzhou’s, due to cleaner air. Yet, over 75 % of its light absorption still comes from primary emission, which causes over 98 % of its climate-warming effect in both places. This study advances understanding of brown carbon dynamics and its sources in diverse environments for global climate effects.
Yi Zhang, Weiqi Xu, Yan Li, Guohua Zhang, Dantong Liu, Ye Kuang, Yu Zhang, Wei Zhou, Xiaocong Peng, Bojiang Su, Weihong Huang, Zijun Zhang, Liu Yang, Yangzhou Wu, Siyuan Li, Shitong Zhao, Lanzhong Liu, Xiaole Pan, Zifa Wang, Xinhui Bi, Mikael Ehn, Douglas R. Worsnop, and Yele Sun
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-5835, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-5835, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study explores how clouds influence the chemical composition of air particles through field research at a high-altitude station in southeastern China across different seasons. We found that different cloud types cause varying degrees of chemical changes in these particles. These findings enhance our understanding of the impact of clouds on air quality and contribute to improving climate models.
Tianyu Zhang, Yizhu Chen, Huanhuan Zhang, Lei Liu, Chengpeng Huang, Zhengyang Fang, Yifan Zhang, Fu Wang, Lan Luo, Guohua Zhang, Xinming Wang, and Mingjin Tang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 17091–17106, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-17091-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-17091-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This work investigated seasonal variations of aerosol aluminium solubility for supermicron and submicron particles at two locations in northern China. We conclude that atmospheric chemical processing, in which aerosol liquid water and acidity play vital roles, dictates aerosol aluminium solubility.
Peng Yao, Rupert Holzinger, Beatriz Sayuri Oyama, Agne Masalaite, Dipayan Paul, Haiyan Ni, Hanne Noto, Dušan Materić, Maria de Fátima Andrade, Ru-Jin Huang, and Ulrike Dusek
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-5655, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-5655, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We identify a previously unrecognized class of synthetic organic compounds, large molecular methylsiloxanes, in ambient aerosols across diverse environments in three countries. These compounds are present at substantial levels, primarily originating from traffic emissions related to engine lubrication. Their high abundance and significant daily human exposure suggest potential, yet still poorly understood, implications for both health and climate.
Hua Zhang, Shuxiao Wang, Xi Zhao, Zhijun Wu, Yan Yin, Siyu Chen, Dantong Liu, Jingchuan Chen, Hui Jiang, Jiewen Shen, Da Gao, Dejia Yin, Yicong He, Zeqi Li, Shengyue Li, Zhaoxin Dong, Manish Shrivastava, and Bin Zhao
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-5277, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-5277, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Mineral dust can initiate ice formation in clouds, affecting cloud properties and regional climate. Using an improved model, we examined their contrasting impacts in mixed-phase and ice clouds over East Asia. In mixed-phase clouds, dust promotes liquid-to-ice conversion and reduces cloud reflectivity, causing moderate warming, whereas in ice clouds, it greatly enhances ice formation and leads to stronger warming. This study advances understanding of aerosol–cloud–climate interactions.
Shengjun Xi, Yuhang Wang, Xiangyang Yuan, Zhaozhong Feng, Fanghe Zhao, Yanli Zhang, and Xinming Wang
Geosci. Model Dev., 18, 8627–8649, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-8627-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-8627-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We developed the Speciated Isoprene Emission Model with Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature Algorithm for China to improve biogenic emission estimates using updated vegetation data and local measurements. The model predicts summer 2013 emissions of 10.92–11.37 teragrams of carbon. Validation shows our model performs better than the existing models, revealing underestimated isoprene impacts on ozone pollution in eastern China.
Mingjin Tang, Morgane M. G. Perron, Alex R. Baker, Rui Li, Andrew R. Bowie, Clifton S. Buck, Ashwini Kumar, Rachel Shelley, Simon J. Ussher, Robert Clough, Scott Meyerink, Prema P. Panda, Ashley T. Townsend, and Neil Wyatt
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 6125–6141, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-6125-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-6125-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This work, initiated by the SCOR (Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research) Working Group 167, has examined eight leaching protocols commonly used in the literature, is the first large-scale international laboratory comparison for aerosol trace element leaching protocols.
Baihua Chen, Lu Lei, Emmanuel Chevassus, Wei Xu, Ling Zhen, Haobin Zhong, Lin Wang, Chunshui Lin, Ru-Jin Huang, Darius Ceburnis, Colin O'Dowd, and Jurgita Ovadnevaite
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 14205–14219, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-14205-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-14205-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study uses machine learning to separate marine primary organic aerosol (POA) and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from 1 decade of high-resolution data. POA averages 51 % of marine organic aerosols annually, peaking at 63 % in summer. A support vector regression model, validated via fuzzy clustering and Monte Carlo simulations, identifies seasonal patterns of POA linked to biological activity. We found diverse impacts of marine POA and SOA on the aerosol hygroscopicity and mixing state.
Yunfeng He, Xiang Ding, Quanfu He, Yuqing Zhang, Duohong Chen, Tao Zhang, Kong Yang, Junqi Wang, Qian Cheng, Hao Jiang, Zirui Wang, Ping Liu, Xinming Wang, and Michael Boy
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 13729–13745, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-13729-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-13729-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study presented field measurements of PM2.5 and its chemical composition at a regional background site in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) from 2007 to 2020. As air quality improved, secondary species became more dominant. The changes in chemical composition led to the reductions in aerosol acidity, liquid water content and light extinction coefficient. Our results help to improve understanding of the secondary species formation under decreasing anthropogenic emissions.
Yifan Zhang, Rui Li, Zachary B. Bunnell, Yizhu Chen, Guanhong Zhu, Jinlong Ma, Guohua Zhang, Tim M. Conway, and Mingjin Tang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 11067–11086, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-11067-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-11067-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The sources of aerosol Fe, especially soluble aerosol Fe, remain to be constrained. The stable isotope ratio of Fe has emerged as a potential tracer for discriminating and quantifying sources of aerosol Fe. In this review, we examine the state of the field for using Fe isotopes as an aerosol source tracer, and constraints on endmember signatures.
Rui Li, Haley E. Plaas, Yifan Zhang, Yizhu Chen, Tianyu Zhang, Yi Yang, Sagar Rathod, Guohua Zhang, Xinming Wang, Douglas S. Hamilton, and Mingjin Tang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4058, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4058, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This work measured solubility of aerosol Fe from several distinct anthropogenic sources, updated aerosol Fe solubility parameterizations used in the Community Earth System model, and found that residential burning is a significant source of soluble aerosol Fe to the ocean.
Xiufeng Lian, Yongjiang Xu, Fengxian Liu, Long Peng, Xiaodong Hu, Guigang Tang, Xu Dao, Hui Guo, Liwei Wang, Bo Huang, Chunlei Cheng, Lei Li, Guohua Zhang, Xinhui Bi, Xiaofei Wang, Zhen Zhou, and Mei Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 8891–8905, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8891-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8891-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we analyzed the mixing state and atmospheric chemical processes of Pb-rich single particles in Beijing. We focused on analyzing the differences in Pb-rich particles between the heating period and non-heating period, as well as the formation mechanism of lead nitrate after coal-to-gas conversion. Our results highlighted the improvement of Pb levels in the particulate as a result of coal-to-gas conversion.
Zhouxing Zou, Tianshu Chen, Qianjie Chen, Weihang Sun, Shichun Han, Zhuoyue Ren, Xinyi Li, Wei Song, Aoqi Ge, Qi Wang, Xiao Tian, Chenglei Pei, Xinming Wang, Yanli Zhang, and Tao Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 8147–8161, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8147-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8147-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We measured ambient OH and HO2* (HO2 and contribution from RO2, organic peroxyl radicals) concentrations at a subtropical rural site and compared our observations with model results. During warm periods, the model overestimated concentrations of OH and HO2, leading to overestimation of ozone and nitric acid production. Our findings highlight the need to better understand how OH and HO2 are formed and removed, which is important for accurate air quality and climate predictions.
Xiao Tian, Jianqiang Zeng, Yanli Zhang, Weihua Pang, Yuting Lu, Haofan Ran, Hao Guo, Zhaobin Mu, Wei Song, and Xinming Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3226, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3226, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study measured a statistically representative number of 2-month-old and 2-year-old eucalyptus trees using both leaf cuvettes and dynamic branch chambers. It demonstrated equivalent isoprene results between the two enclosure methods, yet contrasting emission magnitude and speciation among age groups. Current seedling- and adult-tree-mixed emission factor databases may thus misjudge ozone and secondary organic aerosol simulation, thus age-resolved data will improve air quality forecasts.
Yue Sun, Yujiao Zhu, Hengde Liu, Lanxiadi Chen, Hongyong Li, Yujian Bi, Di Wu, Xiangkun Yin, Can Cui, Ping Liu, Yu Yang, Jisheng Zhang, Yanqiu Nie, Lanxin Zhang, Jiangshan Mu, Yuhong Liu, Zhaoxin Guo, Qinyi Li, Yuqiang Zhang, Xinfeng Wang, Mingjin Tang, Wenxing Wang, and Likun Xue
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2855, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2855, 2025
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
Rainwater samples collected at the summit of Mount Tai were analyzed for ice-nucleating particles (INPs). Our findings revealed that INP concentrations peaked in spring, driven predominantly by long-range transport of dust aerosols. Mineral dust contributed 43.6 % of annual INPs, with its contribution rising sharply to 71.7 % in spring. Satellite observations further revealed that the long-range transport of dust in spring promotes large-scale cloud formation over the NCP region.
Jingye Ren, Songjian Zou, Honghao Xu, Guiquan Liu, Zhe Wang, Anran Zhang, Chuanfeng Zhao, Min Hu, Dongjie Shang, Lizi Tang, Ru-Jin Huang, Yele Sun, and Fang Zhang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1483, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1483, 2025
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, a new framework of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) prediction in polluted region has been developed and it achieves well prediction of hourly-to-yearly scale across North China Plain. The study reveals a significant long-term decreasing trend of CCN concentration at typical supersaturations due to a rapid reduction in aerosol concentrations from 2014 to 2018. This improvement of our new model would be helpful to aerosols climate effect assessment in models.
Jianqiang Zeng, Yanli Zhang, Haofan Ran, Weihua Pang, Hao Guo, Zhaobin Mu, Wei Song, and Xinming Wang
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 1811–1821, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-1811-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-1811-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study revealed the existence of significant species-specific adsorptive and reactive losses of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes in dynamic chambers. The deuterated α-pinene-d3 and β-caryophyllene-d2 were proven as effective surrogates in tracing these losses for some key monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. The findings highlight the importance of selecting internal surrogates that closely match the adsorptive and reactive behaviors of target compounds for precise loss correction.
Haibiao Chen, Caiqing Yan, Liubin Huang, Lin Du, Yang Yue, Xinfeng Wang, Qingcai Chen, Mingjie Xie, Junwen Liu, Fengwen Wang, Shuhong Fang, Qiaoyun Yang, Hongya Niu, Mei Zheng, Yan Wu, and Likun Xue
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 3647–3667, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3647-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3647-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
A comprehensive understanding of the optical properties of brown carbon (BrC) is essential to accurately assess its climatic effects. Based on multi-site spectroscopic measurements, this study demonstrated the significant spatial heterogeneity in the optical and structural properties of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in different regions of China and revealed factors affecting WSOC light absorption and the relationship between fluorophores and light absorption of WSOC.
Tiantian Wang, Jun Zhang, Houssni Lamkaddam, Kun Li, Ka Yuen Cheung, Lisa Kattner, Erlend Gammelsæter, Michael Bauer, Zachary C. J. Decker, Deepika Bhattu, Rujin Huang, Rob L. Modini, Jay G. Slowik, Imad El Haddad, Andre S. H. Prevot, and David M. Bell
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 2707–2724, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2707-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2707-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Our study analyzes real-time emissions of organic vapors from solid fuel combustion. Using the mass spectrometer, we tested various fuels, finding higher emission factors for organic vapors from wood burning. Intermediate-volatility organic compounds constituted a significant fraction of emissions in solid fuel combustion. Statistical tests identified unique potential markers. Our insights benefit air quality, climate, and health, aiding accurate emission assessments.
Wei Yuan, Ru-Jin Huang, Chao Luo, Lu Yang, Wenjuan Cao, Jie Guo, and Huinan Yang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13219–13230, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13219-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13219-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We characterized water-soluble oxidative potential (OP) levels in wintertime PM2.5 in the south and north of Beijing. Our results show that the volume-normalized dithiothreitol (DTTv) in the north was comparable to that in the south, while the mass-normalized dithiothreitol (DTTm) in the north was almost twice that in the south. Traffic-related emissions and biomass burning were the main sources of DTTv in the south, and traffic-related emissions contributed the most to DTTv in the north.
Xinya Liu, Diego Alves Gouveia, Bas Henzing, Arnoud Apituley, Arjan Hensen, Danielle van Dinther, Rujin Huang, and Ulrike Dusek
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 9597–9614, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9597-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9597-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The vertical distribution of aerosol optical properties is important for their effect on climate. This is usually measured by lidar, which has limitations, most notably the assumption of a lidar ratio. Our study shows that routine surface-level aerosol measurements are able to predict this lidar ratio reasonably well within the lower layers of the atmosphere and thus provide a relatively simple and cost-effective method to improve lidar measurements.
Tianle Pan, Andrew T. Lambe, Weiwei Hu, Yicong He, Minghao Hu, Huaishan Zhou, Xinming Wang, Qingqing Hu, Hui Chen, Yue Zhao, Yuanlong Huang, Doug R. Worsnop, Zhe Peng, Melissa A. Morris, Douglas A. Day, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Jose-Luis Jimenez, and Shantanu H. Jathar
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 4915–4939, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-4915-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-4915-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study systematically characterizes the temperature enhancement in the lamp-enclosed oxidation flow reactor (OFR). The enhancement varied multiple dimensional factors, emphasizing the complexity of temperature inside of OFR. The effects of temperature on the flow field and gas- or particle-phase reaction inside OFR were also evaluated with experiments and model simulations. Finally, multiple mitigation strategies were demonstrated to minimize this temperature increase.
Yuanyuan Qin, Xinghua Zhang, Wei Huang, Juanjuan Qin, Xiaoyu Hu, Yuxuan Cao, Tianyi Zhao, Yang Zhang, Jihua Tan, Ziyin Zhang, Xinming Wang, and Zhenzhen Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8737–8750, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8737-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8737-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Environmental persistent free radicals (EPFRs) and reactive oxygen species (ROSs) play an active role in the atmosphere. Despite control measures having effectively reduced their emissions, reductions were less than in PM2.5. Emission control measures performed well in achieving Parade Blue, but reducing the impact of the atmosphere on human health remains challenging. Thus, there is a need to reassess emission control measures to better address the challenges posed by EPFRs and ROSs.
Tong Sha, Siyu Yang, Qingcai Chen, Liangqing Li, Xiaoyan Ma, Yan-Lin Zhang, Zhaozhong Feng, K. Folkert Boersma, and Jun Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8441–8455, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8441-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8441-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Using an updated soil reactive nitrogen emission scheme in the Unified Inputs for Weather Research and Forecasting coupled with Chemistry (UI-WRF-Chem) model, we investigate the role of soil NO and HONO (Nr) emissions in air quality and temperature in North China. Contributions of soil Nr emissions to O3 and secondary pollutants are revealed, exceeding effects of soil NOx or HONO emission. Soil Nr emissions play an important role in mitigating O3 pollution and addressing climate change.
Jing Duan, Ru-Jin Huang, Ying Wang, Wei Xu, Haobin Zhong, Chunshui Lin, Wei Huang, Yifang Gu, Jurgita Ovadnevaite, Darius Ceburnis, and Colin O'Dowd
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7687–7698, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7687-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7687-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The chemical composition of atmospheric particles has shown significant changes in recent years. We investigated the potential effects of changes in inorganics on aerosol water uptake and, thus, secondary organic aerosol formation in wintertime haze based on the size-resolved measurements of non-refractory fine particulate matter (NR-PM2.5) in Xi’an, northwestern China. We highlight the key role of aerosol water as a medium to link inorganics and organics in their multiphase processes.
Juanjuan Qin, Leiming Zhang, Yuanyuan Qin, Shaoxuan Shi, Jingnan Li, Zhao Shu, Yuwei Gao, Ting Qi, Jihua Tan, and Xinming Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7575–7589, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7575-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7575-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The present research unveiled that acidity dominates while transition metal ions harmonize with the light absorption properties of humic-like substances (HULIS). Cu2+ has quenching effects on HULIS by complexation, hydrogen substitution, or electrostatic adsorption, with aromatic structures of HULIS. Such effects are less pronounced if from Mn2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, and Cu2+. Oxidized HULIS might contain electron-donating groups, whereas N-containing compounds might contain electron-withdrawing groups.
Wei Sun, Xiaodong Hu, Yuzhen Fu, Guohua Zhang, Yujiao Zhu, Xinfeng Wang, Caiqing Yan, Likun Xue, He Meng, Bin Jiang, Yuhong Liao, Xinming Wang, Ping'an Peng, and Xinhui Bi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6987–6999, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6987-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6987-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The formation pathways of nitrogen-containing compounds (NOCs) in the atmosphere remain unclear. We investigated the composition of aerosols and fog water by state-of-the-art mass spectrometry and compared the formation pathways of NOCs. We found that NOCs in aerosols were mainly formed through nitration reaction, while ammonia addition played a more important role in fog water. The results deepen our understanding of the processes of organic particulate pollution.
Rui Li, Prema Piyusha Panda, Yizhu Chen, Zhenming Zhu, Fu Wang, Yujiao Zhu, He Meng, Yan Ren, Ashwini Kumar, and Mingjin Tang
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 3147–3156, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-3147-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-3147-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We found that for ultrapure water batch leaching, the difference in specific experimental parameters, including agitation methods, filter pore size, and contact time, only led to a small and sometimes insignificant difference in determined aerosol trace element solubility. Furthermore, aerosol trace element solubility determined using four common ultrapure water leaching protocols showed good agreement.
Ping Liu, Xiang Ding, Bo-Xuan Li, Yu-Qing Zhang, Daniel J. Bryant, and Xin-Ming Wang
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 3067–3079, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-3067-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-3067-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper, we further optimize the measurement of atmospheric organosulfates by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC), offering an improved method for quantifying and speciating atmospheric organosulfates. These efforts will contribute to a deeper understanding of secondary organic aerosol precursors, formation mechanisms, and the contribution of organosulfate to atmospheric aerosols, ultimately guiding research in the field of air pollution prevention and control.
Wenjie Wang, Bin Yuan, Hang Su, Yafang Cheng, Jipeng Qi, Sihang Wang, Wei Song, Xinming Wang, Chaoyang Xue, Chaoqun Ma, Fengxia Bao, Hongli Wang, Shengrong Lou, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4017–4027, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4017-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4017-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates the important role of unmeasured volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ozone formation. Based on results in a megacity of China, we show that unmeasured VOCs can contribute significantly to ozone fomation and also influence the determination of ozone control strategy. Our results show that these unmeasured VOCs are mainly from human sources.
Xinya Liu, Bas Henzing, Arjan Hensen, Jan Mulder, Peng Yao, Danielle van Dinther, Jerry van Bronckhorst, Rujin Huang, and Ulrike Dusek
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3405–3420, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3405-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3405-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We evaluated the time-of-flight aerosol chemical speciation monitor (TOF-ACSM) following the implementation of the PM2.5 aerodynamic lens and a capture vaporizer (CV). The results showed that it significantly improved the accuracy and precision of ACSM in the field observations. The paper elucidates the measurement outcomes of various instruments and provides an analysis of their biases. This comprehensive evaluation is expected to benefit the ACSM community and other aerosol field measurements.
Yue Sun, Yujiao Zhu, Yanbin Qi, Lanxiadi Chen, Jiangshan Mu, Ye Shan, Yu Yang, Yanqiu Nie, Ping Liu, Can Cui, Ji Zhang, Mingxuan Liu, Lingli Zhang, Yufei Wang, Xinfeng Wang, Mingjin Tang, Wenxing Wang, and Likun Xue
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3241–3256, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3241-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3241-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Field observations were conducted at the summit of Changbai Mountain in northeast Asia. The cumulative number concentration of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) varied from 1.6 × 10−3 to 78.3 L−1 over the temperature range of −5.5 to −29.0 ℃. Biological INPs (bio-INPs) accounted for the majority of INPs, and the proportion exceeded 90% above −13.0 ℃. Planetary boundary layer height, valley breezes, and long-distance transport of air mass influence the abundance of bio-INPs.
Feifan Yan, Hang Su, Yafang Cheng, Rujin Huang, Hong Liao, Ting Yang, Yuanyuan Zhu, Shaoqing Zhang, Lifang Sheng, Wenbin Kou, Xinran Zeng, Shengnan Xiang, Xiaohong Yao, Huiwang Gao, and Yang Gao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2365–2376, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2365-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2365-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
PM2.5 pollution is a major air quality issue deteriorating human health, and previous studies mostly focus on regions like the North China Plain and Yangtze River Delta. However, the characteristics of PM2.5 concentrations between these two regions are studied less often. Focusing on the transport corridor region, we identify an interesting seesaw transport phenomenon with stagnant weather conditions, conducive to PM2.5 accumulation over this region, resulting in large health effects.
Shuzheng Guo, Chunxiang Ye, Weili Lin, Yi Chen, Limin Zeng, Xuena Yu, Jinhui Cui, Chong Zhang, Jing Duan, Haobin Zhong, Rujin Huang, Xuguang Chi, Wei Nie, and Aijun Ding
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-262, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-262, 2024
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
@Tibet field campaigns 2021 discovered surprisingly high levels and activity contributions of oxygenated volatile organic compounds on the southeast of the Tibetan Plateau, which suggests that OVOCs may play a larger role in the chemical reactions that occur in high-altitude regions than previously thought.
Hua Fang, Ting Wu, Shutan Ma, Qina Jia, Fengyu Zan, Juan Zhao, Jintao Zhang, Zhi Yang, Hongling Xu, Yuzhe Huang, and Xinming Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2998, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2998, 2024
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
Using in situ VOC flux measurements, we reveal that the freshwater wetland is a potential source of atmospheric VOCs and that litter decomposition enhances net VOC emission. Ambient temperature is the key factor driving the seasonal variation of net VOC flux. Notably, the release or uptake of VOCs varies depending on chemical groups and is jointly controlled by biotic and abiotic processes.
Zhanyu Su, Lanxiadi Chen, Yuan Liu, Peng Zhang, Tianzeng Chen, Biwu Chu, Mingjin Tang, Qingxin Ma, and Hong He
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 993–1003, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-993-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-993-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, different soot particles were analyzed to better understand their behavior. It was discovered that water-soluble substances in soot facilitate water adsorption at low humidity while increasing the number of water layers at high humidity. Soot from organic fuels exhibits hygroscopicity influenced by organic carbon and microstructure. Additionally, the presence of sulfate ions due to the oxidation of SO2 enhances soot's hygroscopicity.
Morgane M. G. Perron, Susanne Fietz, Douglas S. Hamilton, Akinori Ito, Rachel U. Shelley, and Mingjin Tang
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 165–166, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-165-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-165-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The solubility of vital and toxic trace elements delivered by the atmosphere determines their potential to fertilise or limit ocean productivity. A poor understanding of aeolian trace element solubility and the absence of a standard method to define this parameter hinder accurate model representation of the impact of atmospheric deposition on ocean productivity in a changing climate. The inter-journal special issue aims at “Reducing Uncertainty in Soluble aerosol Trace Element Deposition”.
Yuquan Gong, Ru-Jin Huang, Lu Yang, Ting Wang, Wei Yuan, Wei Xu, Wenjuan Cao, Yang Wang, and Yongjie Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15197–15207, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15197-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15197-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study reveals the large day–night differences in brown carbon (BrC) chromophore composition, which was not known previously. The results provide insights into the effects of atmospheric processes and emissions on BrC composition.
Bojiang Su, Xinhui Bi, Zhou Zhang, Yue Liang, Congbo Song, Tao Wang, Yaohao Hu, Lei Li, Zhen Zhou, Jinpei Yan, Xinming Wang, and Guohua Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10697–10711, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10697-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10697-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
During the R/V Xuelong cruise observation over the Ross Sea, Antarctica, the mass concentrations of water-soluble Ca2+ and the mass spectra of individual calcareous particles were measured. Our results indicated that lower temperature, lower wind speed, and the presence of sea ice may facilitate Ca2+ enrichment in sea spray aerosols and highlighted the potential contribution of organically complexed calcium to calcium enrichment, which is inaccurate based solely on water-soluble Ca2+ estimation.
Yiyu Cai, Chenshuo Ye, Wei Chen, Weiwei Hu, Wei Song, Yuwen Peng, Shan Huang, Jipeng Qi, Sihang Wang, Chaomin Wang, Caihong Wu, Zelong Wang, Baolin Wang, Xiaofeng Huang, Lingyan He, Sasho Gligorovski, Bin Yuan, Min Shao, and Xinming Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8855–8877, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8855-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8855-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the variability and molecular composition of ambient oxidized organic nitrogen (OON) in both gas and particle phases using a state-of-the-art online mass spectrometer in urban air. Biomass burning and secondary formation were found to be the two major sources of OON. Daytime nitrate radical chemistry for OON formation was more important than previously thought. Our results improved the understanding of the sources and molecular composition of OON in the polluted urban atmosphere.
Yu Chen, Yue Zhang, Siyu Chen, Ben Yang, Huiping Yan, Jixiang Li, Chao Zhang, Gaotong Lou, Junyan Chen, Lulu Lian, and Chuwei Liu
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-81, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-81, 2023
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
The numerical models seriously ignoring the aeolian erosion and dust emission process on the potential sources. Six sets of dynamic dust sources were built by combine surface bareness and topographic feature. Results show that dust sources are closely related to surface exposure and topographic characteristics, which respectively control the spatial distribution and numerical value of dynamic dust sources.
Tingting Li, Jun Li, Zeyu Sun, Hongxing Jiang, Chongguo Tian, and Gan Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6395–6407, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6395-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6395-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
N-NH4+ and N-NO3- were vital components in nitrogenous aerosols and contributed 69 % to total nitrogen in PM2.5. Coal combustion was still the most important source of urban atmospheric NO3-. However, the non-agriculture sources play an increasingly important role in NH4+ emissions.
Joanna E. Dyson, Lisa K. Whalley, Eloise J. Slater, Robert Woodward-Massey, Chunxiang Ye, James D. Lee, Freya Squires, James R. Hopkins, Rachel E. Dunmore, Marvin Shaw, Jacqueline F. Hamilton, Alastair C. Lewis, Stephen D. Worrall, Asan Bacak, Archit Mehra, Thomas J. Bannan, Hugh Coe, Carl J. Percival, Bin Ouyang, C. Nicholas Hewitt, Roderic L. Jones, Leigh R. Crilley, Louisa J. Kramer, W. Joe F. Acton, William J. Bloss, Supattarachai Saksakulkrai, Jingsha Xu, Zongbo Shi, Roy M. Harrison, Simone Kotthaus, Sue Grimmond, Yele Sun, Weiqi Xu, Siyao Yue, Lianfang Wei, Pingqing Fu, Xinming Wang, Stephen R. Arnold, and Dwayne E. Heard
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 5679–5697, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5679-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5679-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The hydroxyl (OH) and closely coupled hydroperoxyl (HO2) radicals are vital for their role in the removal of atmospheric pollutants. In less polluted regions, atmospheric models over-predict HO2 concentrations. In this modelling study, the impact of heterogeneous uptake of HO2 onto aerosol surfaces on radical concentrations and the ozone production regime in Beijing in the summertime is investigated, and the implications for emissions policies across China are considered.
Yifang Gu, Ru-Jin Huang, Jing Duan, Wei Xu, Chunshui Lin, Haobin Zhong, Ying Wang, Haiyan Ni, Quan Liu, Ruiguang Xu, Litao Wang, and Yong Jie Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 5419–5433, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5419-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5419-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) can be produced by various pathways, but its formation mechanisms are unclear. Observations were conducted in the North China Plain during a highly oxidizing atmosphere in summer. We found that fast photochemistry dominated SOA formation during daytime. Two types of aqueous-phase chemistry (nocturnal and daytime processing) take place at high relative humidity. The potential transformation from primary organic aerosol (POA) to SOA was also an important pathway.
Chunshui Lin, Ru-Jin Huang, Haobin Zhong, Jing Duan, Zixi Wang, Wei Huang, and Wei Xu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3595–3607, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3595-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3595-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The complex interaction between O3 and PM2.5, coupled with the topology of the Fenwei Plain and the evolution of the boundary layer height, highlights the challenges in further reducing particulate pollution in winter despite years of efforts to reduce emissions. Through scenario analysis in a chemical box model constrained by observation, we show the co-benefits of reducing NOx and VOCs simultaneously in reducing ozone and SOA.
Tingting Feng, Yingkun Wang, Weiwei Hu, Ming Zhu, Wei Song, Wei Chen, Yanyan Sang, Zheng Fang, Wei Deng, Hua Fang, Xu Yu, Cheng Wu, Bin Yuan, Shan Huang, Min Shao, Xiaofeng Huang, Lingyan He, Young Ro Lee, Lewis Gregory Huey, Francesco Canonaco, Andre S. H. Prevot, and Xinming Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 611–636, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-611-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-611-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
To investigate the impact of aging processes on organic aerosols (OA), we conducted a comprehensive field study at a continental remote site using an on-line mass spectrometer. The results show that OA in the Chinese outflows were strongly influenced by upwind anthropogenic emissions. The aging processes can significantly decrease the OA volatility and result in a varied viscosity of OA under different circumstances, signifying the complex physiochemical properties of OA in aged plumes.
Kanishk Gohil, Chun-Ning Mao, Dewansh Rastogi, Chao Peng, Mingjin Tang, and Akua Asa-Awuku
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 12769–12787, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12769-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12769-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The Hybrid Activity Model (HAM) is a promising new droplet growth model that can be potentially used for the analysis of any type of atmospheric compound. HAM may potentially improve the representation of hygroscopicity of organic aerosols in large-scale global climate models (GCMs), hence reducing the uncertainties in the climate forcing due to the aerosol indirect effect.
Jing Duan, Ru-Jin Huang, Yifang Gu, Chunshui Lin, Haobin Zhong, Wei Xu, Quan Liu, Yan You, Jurgita Ovadnevaite, Darius Ceburnis, Thorsten Hoffmann, and Colin O'Dowd
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 10139–10153, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10139-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10139-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Biomass-burning-influenced oxygenated organic aerosol (OOA-BB), formed from the photochemical oxidation and aging of biomass burning OA (BBOA), was resolved in urban Xi’an. The aqueous-phase processed oxygenated OA (aq-OOA) concentration was more dependent on secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA) content and aerosol liquid water content (ALWC). The increased aq-OOA contribution during SIA-enhanced periods likely reflects OA evolution due to the addition of alcohol or peroxide groups
Xueyin Ruan, Chun Zhao, Rahul A. Zaveri, Pengzhen He, Xinming Wang, Jingyuan Shao, and Lei Geng
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 6143–6164, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-6143-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-6143-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Accurate prediction of aerosol pH in chemical transport models is essential to aerosol modeling. This study examines the performance of the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) on aerosol pH predictions and the sensitivities to emissions of nonvolatile cations and NH3, aerosol-phase state assumption, and heterogeneous sulfate production. Temporal evolution of aerosol pH during haze cycles in Beijing and the driving factors are also presented and discussed.
Guohua Zhang, Xiaodong Hu, Wei Sun, Yuxiang Yang, Ziyong Guo, Yuzhen Fu, Haichao Wang, Shengzhen Zhou, Lei Li, Mingjin Tang, Zongbo Shi, Duohong Chen, Xinhui Bi, and Xinming Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 9571–9582, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9571-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9571-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We show a significant enhancement of nitrate mass fraction in cloud water and relative intensity of nitrate in the cloud residual particles and highlight that hydrolysis of N2O5 serves as the critical route for the in-cloud formation of nitrate, even during the daytime. Given that N2O5 hydrolysis acts as a major sink of NOx in the atmosphere, further model updates may improve our understanding about the processes contributing to nitrate production in cloud and the cycling of odd nitrogen.
Xuan Li, Lei Li, Zeming Zhuo, Guohua Zhang, Xubing Du, Xue Li, Zhengxu Huang, Zhen Zhou, and Zhi Cheng
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-598, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-598, 2022
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
The particle size and chemical composition of bioaerosol were analyzed based on single particle aerosol mass spectrometer. Fungal aerosol of 10 μm was measured for the first time and the characteristic spectrum of bioaerosol was updated. The ion peak ratio method can distinguish bioaerosols from interferers by 97 %. The factors influencing the differentiation of bioaerosols are also discussed. Single particle mass spectrometry can be a new method for real-time identification of bioaerosols.
Haobin Zhong, Ru-Jin Huang, Chunshui Lin, Wei Xu, Jing Duan, Yifang Gu, Wei Huang, Haiyan Ni, Chongshu Zhu, Yan You, Yunfei Wu, Renjian Zhang, Jurgita Ovadnevaite, Darius Ceburnis, and Colin D. O'Dowd
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 9513–9524, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9513-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9513-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
To investigate the physico-chemical properties of aerosol transported from major pollution regions in China, observations were conducted ~200 m above the ground at the junction location of the two key pollution areas. We found that the formation efficiency, oxidation state and production rate of secondary aerosol were different in the transport sectors from different pollution regions, and they were largely enhanced by the regional long-distance transport.
Yihang Yu, Peng Cheng, Huirong Li, Wenda Yang, Baobin Han, Wei Song, Weiwei Hu, Xinming Wang, Bin Yuan, Min Shao, Zhijiong Huang, Zhen Li, Junyu Zheng, Haichao Wang, and Xiaofang Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 8951–8971, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8951-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8951-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We have investigated the budget of HONO at an urban site in Guangzhou. Budget and comprehensive uncertainty analysis suggest that at such locations as ours, HONO direct emissions and NO + OH can become comparable or even surpass other HONO sources that typically receive greater attention and interest, such as the NO2 heterogeneous source and the unknown daytime photolytic source. Our findings emphasize the need to reduce the uncertainties of both conventional and novel HONO sources and sinks.
Lu Chen, Fang Zhang, Dongmei Zhang, Xinming Wang, Wei Song, Jieyao Liu, Jingye Ren, Sihui Jiang, Xue Li, and Zhanqing Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 6773–6786, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6773-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6773-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol hygroscopicity is critical when evaluating its effect on visibility and climate. Here, the size-resolved particle hygroscopicity at five sites in China is characterized using field measurements. We show the distinct behavior of hygroscopic particles during pollution evolution among the five sites. Moreover, different hygroscopic behavior during NPF events were also observed. The dataset is helpful for understanding the spatial variability in particle composition and formation mechanisms.
Ziyong Guo, Yuxiang Yang, Xiaodong Hu, Xiaocong Peng, Yuzhen Fu, Wei Sun, Guohua Zhang, Duohong Chen, Xinhui Bi, Xinming Wang, and Ping'an Peng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 4827–4839, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4827-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4827-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We show that in-cloud aqueous processing facilitates the formation of brown carbon (BrC), based on the simultaneous measurements of the light-absorption properties of the cloud residuals, cloud interstitial, and cloud-free particles. While extensive laboratory evidence indicated the formation of BrC in aqueous phase, our study represents the first attempt to show the possibility in real clouds, which would have potential implications in the atmospheric evolution and radiation forcing of BrC.
Suxia Yang, Bin Yuan, Yuwen Peng, Shan Huang, Wei Chen, Weiwei Hu, Chenglei Pei, Jun Zhou, David D. Parrish, Wenjie Wang, Xianjun He, Chunlei Cheng, Xiao-Bing Li, Xiaoyun Yang, Yu Song, Haichao Wang, Jipeng Qi, Baolin Wang, Chen Wang, Chaomin Wang, Zelong Wang, Tiange Li, E Zheng, Sihang Wang, Caihong Wu, Mingfu Cai, Chenshuo Ye, Wei Song, Peng Cheng, Duohong Chen, Xinming Wang, Zhanyi Zhang, Xuemei Wang, Junyu Zheng, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 4539–4556, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4539-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4539-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We use a model constrained using observations to study the formation of nitrate aerosol in and downwind of a representative megacity. We found different contributions of various chemical reactions to ground-level nitrate concentrations between urban and suburban regions. We also show that controlling VOC emissions are effective for decreasing nitrate formation in both urban and regional environments, although VOCs are not direct precursors of nitrate aerosol.
Wenjie Wang, Bin Yuan, Yuwen Peng, Hang Su, Yafang Cheng, Suxia Yang, Caihong Wu, Jipeng Qi, Fengxia Bao, Yibo Huangfu, Chaomin Wang, Chenshuo Ye, Zelong Wang, Baolin Wang, Xinming Wang, Wei Song, Weiwei Hu, Peng Cheng, Manni Zhu, Junyu Zheng, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 4117–4128, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4117-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4117-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
From thorough measurements of numerous oxygenated volatile organic compounds, we show that their photodissociation can be important for radical production and ozone formation in the atmosphere. This effect was underestimated in previous studies, as measurements of them were lacking.
Haichao Wang, Chao Peng, Xuan Wang, Shengrong Lou, Keding Lu, Guicheng Gan, Xiaohong Jia, Xiaorui Chen, Jun Chen, Hongli Wang, Shaojia Fan, Xinming Wang, and Mingjin Tang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 1845–1859, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1845-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1845-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Via combining laboratory and modeling work, we found that heterogeneous reaction of N2O5 with saline mineral dust aerosol could be an important source of tropospheric ClNO2 in inland regions.
Juanjuan Qin, Jihua Tan, Xueming Zhou, Yanrong Yang, Yuanyuan Qin, Xiaobo Wang, Shaoxuan Shi, Kang Xiao, and Xinming Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 465–479, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-465-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-465-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Water-soluble organic compounds (WSOCs) play important roles in atmospheric particle formation, migration, and transformation processes. In this work, size-segregated atmospheric particles were collected in a rural area of Beijing, and 3D fluorescence spectroscopy was used to investigate the optical properties of WSOCs as a means of inferring information about their atmospheric sources. It was found that these data could efficiently reveal the secondary transformation processes of WSOCs.
Jianqiang Zeng, Yanli Zhang, Huina Zhang, Wei Song, Zhenfeng Wu, and Xinming Wang
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 79–93, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-79-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-79-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The emission of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) from plant leaves is an essential part of biosphere–atmosphere interactions. Here we demonstrate how a dynamic chamber for measuring branch-scale BVOC emissions could be characterized both in the lab for adsorptive losses and in the field for ambient–enclosure environmental differences. The results also imply emission factors for terpenes might be underestimated if measured using dynamic chambers without certified transfer efficiencies.
Wei Sun, Yuzhen Fu, Guohua Zhang, Yuxiang Yang, Feng Jiang, Xiufeng Lian, Bin Jiang, Yuhong Liao, Xinhui Bi, Duohong Chen, Jianmin Chen, Xinming Wang, Jie Ou, Ping'an Peng, and Guoying Sheng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16631–16644, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16631-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16631-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We sampled cloud water at a remote mountain site and investigated the molecular characteristics. CHON and CHO are dominant in cloud water. No statistical difference in the oxidation state is observed between cloud water and interstitial PM2.5. Most of the formulas are aliphatic and olefinic species. CHON, with aromatic structures and organosulfates, are abundant, especially in nighttime samples. The in-cloud and multi-phase dark reactions likely contribute significantly.
Dongjie Guan, Qingcai Chen, Jinwen Li, Hao Li, Lixin Zhang, Yuqin Wang, Xiaofei Li, and Tian Chang
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-842, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-842, 2021
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
The photochemical reactions of atmospheric aerosols are complicated, some reaction processes exist which have not been identified at present. This study focuses on a new mechanism of photochemical reactions, namely triplet reactions (3C*), and its potential impact on aerosol aging. This study demonstrate the coupling effect of 3C* formation between different aerosol components. The result is novel and useful in explaining how complex components affect photochemical aging of atmospheric aerosol.
Zhen Mu, Qingcai Chen, Lixin Zhang, Dongjie Guan, and Hao Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 11581–11591, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11581-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11581-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Sunlight affects the life and chemical composition of atmospheric aerosols and thus alters air quality. This study demonstrated that the photo-aging process not only changed the chemical compositions of chromophoric aerosols but also changed the roles of the chromophoric organic matter in the photo-aging process of aerosol. This study adds to our understanding of how sunlight affects chromophoric aerosol aging.
Peng Wang, Juanyong Shen, Men Xia, Shida Sun, Yanli Zhang, Hongliang Zhang, and Xinming Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 10347–10356, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10347-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10347-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Ozone (O3) pollution has received extensive attention due to worsening air quality and rising health risks. The Chinese National Day holiday (CNDH), which is associated with intensive commercial and tourist activities, serves as a valuable experiment to evaluate the O3 response during the holiday. We find sharply increasing trends of observed O3 concentrations throughout China during the CNDH, leading to 33 % additional total daily deaths.
Hua Fang, Xiaoqing Huang, Yanli Zhang, Chenglei Pei, Zuzhao Huang, Yujun Wang, Yanning Chen, Jianhong Yan, Jianqiang Zeng, Shaoxuan Xiao, Shilu Luo, Sheng Li, Jun Wang, Ming Zhu, Xuewei Fu, Zhenfeng Wu, Runqi Zhang, Wei Song, Guohua Zhang, Weiwei Hu, Mingjin Tang, Xiang Ding, Xinhui Bi, and Xinming Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 10005–10013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10005-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10005-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A tunnel test was initiated to measure the vehicular IVOC emissions under real-world driving conditions. Higher SOA formation estimated from vehicular IVOCs compared to those from traditional VOCs emphasized the greater importance of IVOCs in modulating urban SOA. The results also revealed that non-road diesel-fueled engines greatly contributed to IVOCs in China.
Yandong Tong, Veronika Pospisilova, Lu Qi, Jing Duan, Yifang Gu, Varun Kumar, Pragati Rai, Giulia Stefenelli, Liwei Wang, Ying Wang, Haobin Zhong, Urs Baltensperger, Junji Cao, Ru-Jin Huang, André S. H. Prévôt, and Jay G. Slowik
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 9859–9886, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9859-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9859-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate SOA sources and formation processes by a field deployment of the EESI-TOF-MS and L-TOF AMS in Beijing in late autumn and early winter. Our study shows that the sources and processes giving rise to haze events in Beijing are variable and seasonally dependent: (1) in the heating season, SOA formation is driven by oxidation of aromatics from solid fuel combustion; and (2) under high-NOx and RH conditions, aqueous-phase chemistry can be a major contributor to SOA formation.
Kai Wang, Ru-Jin Huang, Martin Brüggemann, Yun Zhang, Lu Yang, Haiyan Ni, Jie Guo, Meng Wang, Jiajun Han, Merete Bilde, Marianne Glasius, and Thorsten Hoffmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 9089–9104, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9089-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9089-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Here we present the detailed molecular composition of the organic aerosol collected in three eastern Chinese cities from north to south, Changchun, Shanghai and Guangzhou, by applying LC–Orbitrap analysis. Accordingly, the aromaticity degree of chemical compounds decreases from north to south, while the oxidation degree increases from north to south, which can be explained by the different anthropogenic emissions and photochemical oxidation processes.
Wei Xu, Kirsten N. Fossum, Jurgita Ovadnevaite, Chunshui Lin, Ru-Jin Huang, Colin O'Dowd, and Darius Ceburnis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 8655–8675, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8655-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8655-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) are an important topic in atmospheric studies, especially for evaluating the climate impact of aerosol. Here in this study, CCN closure is studied by using chemical composition based on an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) and hygroscopicity growth measurements based on a humidified tandem differential mobility analyzer (HTDMA) at the Mace Head atmospheric research station.
Anke Mutzel, Yanli Zhang, Olaf Böge, Maria Rodigast, Agata Kolodziejczyk, Xinming Wang, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 8479–8498, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8479-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8479-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation and particle growth from α-pinene, limonene, and m-cresol oxidation through NO3 and OH radicals and the effect of relative humidity. The formed SOA is comprehensively characterized with respect to the content of OC / EC, WSOC, SOA-bound peroxides, and SOA marker compounds. The findings present new insights and implications of nighttime chemistry, which can form SOA more efficiently than OH radical reaction during daytime.
Chenshuo Ye, Bin Yuan, Yi Lin, Zelong Wang, Weiwei Hu, Tiange Li, Wei Chen, Caihong Wu, Chaomin Wang, Shan Huang, Jipeng Qi, Baolin Wang, Chen Wang, Wei Song, Xinming Wang, E Zheng, Jordan E. Krechmer, Penglin Ye, Zhanyi Zhang, Xuemei Wang, Douglas R. Worsnop, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 8455–8478, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8455-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8455-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We performed measurements of gaseous and particulate organic compounds using a state-of-the-art online mass spectrometer in urban air. Using the dataset, we provide a holistic chemical characterization of oxygenated organic compounds in the polluted urban atmosphere, which can serve as a reference for the future field measurements of organic compounds in cities.
Chao Peng, Patricia N. Razafindrambinina, Kotiba A. Malek, Lanxiadi Chen, Weigang Wang, Ru-Jin Huang, Yuqing Zhang, Xiang Ding, Maofa Ge, Xinming Wang, Akua A. Asa-Awuku, and Mingjin Tang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 7135–7148, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7135-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7135-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Organosulfates are important constituents in tropospheric aerosol particles, but their hygroscopic properties and cloud condensation nuclei activities are not well understood. In our work, three complementary techniques were employed to investigate the interactions of 11 organosulfates with water vapor under sub- and supersaturated conditions.
Claire E. Reeves, Graham P. Mills, Lisa K. Whalley, W. Joe F. Acton, William J. Bloss, Leigh R. Crilley, Sue Grimmond, Dwayne E. Heard, C. Nicholas Hewitt, James R. Hopkins, Simone Kotthaus, Louisa J. Kramer, Roderic L. Jones, James D. Lee, Yanhui Liu, Bin Ouyang, Eloise Slater, Freya Squires, Xinming Wang, Robert Woodward-Massey, and Chunxiang Ye
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 6315–6330, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6315-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6315-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The impact of isoprene on atmospheric chemistry is dependent on how its oxidation products interact with other pollutants, specifically nitrogen oxides. Such interactions can lead to isoprene nitrates. We made measurements of the concentrations of individual isoprene nitrate isomers in Beijing and used a model to test current understanding of their chemistry. We highlight areas of uncertainty in understanding, in particular the chemistry following oxidation of isoprene by the nitrate radical.
Long Peng, Lei Li, Guohua Zhang, Xubing Du, Xinming Wang, Ping'an Peng, Guoying Sheng, and Xinhui Bi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 5605–5613, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5605-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5605-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We build a novel system that utilizes an aerodynamic aerosol classifier (AAC) combined with a single-particle aerosol mass spectrometry (SPAMS) to simultaneously characterize the volume equivalent diameter (Dve), chemical compositions, and effective density (ρe) of individual particles in real time. A test of the AAC-SPAMS with both spherical and aspherical particles shows that the deviations between the measured and theoretical values are less than 6 %.
Wei Yuan, Ru-Jin Huang, Lu Yang, Ting Wang, Jing Duan, Jie Guo, Haiyan Ni, Yang Chen, Qi Chen, Yongjie Li, Ulrike Dusek, Colin O'Dowd, and Thorsten Hoffmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 3685–3697, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3685-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3685-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We characterized the seasonal variations in nitrated aromatic compounds (NACs) in composition, sources, and their light absorption contribution to brown carbon (BrC) aerosol in Xi'an, Northwest China. Our results show that secondary formation and vehicular emission were dominant sources in summer (~80 %), and biomass burning and coal combustion were major sources in winter (~75 %), and they indicate that the composition and sources of NACs have a profound impact on the light absorption of BrC
Cited articles
Abbaspour, N., Hurrell, R., and Kelishadi, R.: Review on iron and its
importance for human health, J. Res. Med. Sci., 19, 164–174, 2014.
Alexander, B., Park, R. J., Jacob, D. J., and Gong, S. L.: Transition
metal-catalyzed oxidation of atmospheric sulfur: Global implications for the
sulfur budget, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 114, D02309, https://doi.org/10.01029/02008jd010486, 2009.
Baker, A. R. and Jickells, T. D.: Mineral particle size as a control on
aerosol iron solubility, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L17608, https://doi.org/10.11029/12006GL026557, 2006.
Baker, A. R., Kanakidou, M., Nenes, A., Myriokefalitakis, S., Croot, P. L.,
Duce, R. A., Gao, Y., Guieu, C., Ito, A., Jickells, T. D., Mahowald, N. M.,
Middag, R., Perron, M. M. G., Sarin, M. M., Shelley, R., and Turner, D. R.:
Changing atmospheric acidity as a modulator of nutrient deposition and ocean
biogeochemistry, Sci. Adv., 7, eabd8800, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abd8800,
2021.
Baker, J.: A cluster analysis of long range air transport pathways and
associated pollutant concentrations within the UK, Atmos. Environ., 44,
563–571, 2010.
Boyd, P. W. and Ellwood, M. J.: The biogeochemical cycle of iron in the
ocean, Nat. Geosci., 3, 675–682, 2010.
Cao, J. J. and Cui, L.: Current Status, Characteristics and Causes of
Particulate Air Pollution in the Fenwei Plain, China: A Review, J. Geophys.
Res.-Atmos, 126, e2020JD034472, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD034472, 2021.
Cao, J. J., Wang, Q. Y., Chow, J. C., Watson, J. G., Tie, X. X., Shen, Z.
X., Wang, P., and An, Z. S.: Impacts of aerosol compositions on visibility
impairment in Xi'an, China, Atmos. Environ., 59, 559–566, 2012.
Chen, H. H. and Grassian, V. H.: Iron Dissolution of Dust Source Materials
during Simulated Acidic Processing: The Effect of Sulfuric, Acetic, and
Oxalic Acids, Environ. Sci. Tech., 47, 10312–10321, 2013.
Chen, Y. and Siefert, R. L.: Seasonal and spatial distributions and dry
deposition fluxes of atmospheric total and labile iron over the tropical and
subtropical North Atlantic Ocean, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos, 109, D09305, https://doi.org/10.01029/02003JD003958, 2004.
Chen, Q. C., Hua, X. Y., Li, J. W., Chang, T., and Wang, Y. Q.: Diurnal
evolutions and sources of water-soluble chromophoric aerosols over Xi'an
during haze event, in Northwest China, Sci. Total Environ., 786, 147412,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147412, 2021.
Chow, J. C., Watson, J. G., Kuhns, H., Etyemezian, V., Lowenthal, D. H.,
Crow, D., Kohl, S. D., Engelbrecht, J. P., and Green, M. C.: Source profiles
for industrial, mobile, and area sources in the Big Bend Regional Aerosol
Visibility and Observational study, Chemosphere, 54, 185–208, 2004.
Chuang, P. Y., Duvall, R. M., Shafer, M. M., and Schauer, J. J.: The origin
of water soluble particulate iron in the Asian atmospheric outflow, Geophys.
Res. Lett., 32, L07813, https://doi.org/10.01029/02004GL021946, 2005.
Ding, J., Zhao, P., Su, J., Dong, Q., Du, X., and Zhang, Y.: Aerosol pH and its driving factors in Beijing, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 7939–7954, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7939-2019, 2019.
Draxier, R. R. and Hess, G. D.: An overview of the HYSPLIT_4
modelling system for trajectories, dispersion and deposition, Aust.
Meteorol. Mag., 47, 295–308, 1998.
Fang, T., Guo, H. Y., Zeng, L. H., Verma, V., Nenes, A., and Weber, R. J.:
Highly Acidic Ambient Particles, Soluble Metals, and Oxidative Potential: A
Link between Sulfate and Aerosol Toxicity, Environ. Sci. Technol., 51,
2611–2620, 2017.
Fountoukis, C. and Nenes, A.: ISORROPIA II: a computationally efficient thermodynamic equilibrium model for K+-Ca2+-Mg2+-NH
Fu, H. B., Lin, J., Shang, G. F., Dong, W. B., Grassian, V. H., Carmichael,
G. R., Li, Y., and Chen, J. M.: Solubility of Iron from Combustion Source
Particles in Acidic Media Linked to Iron Speciation, Environ. Sci. Technol.,
46, 11119–11127, 2012.
Guo, H., Xu, L., Bougiatioti, A., Cerully, K. M., Capps, S. L., Hite Jr., J. R., Carlton, A. G., Lee, S.-H., Bergin, M. H., Ng, N. L., Nenes, A., and Weber, R. J.: Fine-particle water and pH in the southeastern United States, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 5211–5228, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-5211-2015, 2015.
Hamilton, D. S., Scanza, R. A., Rathod, S. D., Bond, T. C., Kok, J. F., Li,
L., Matsui, H., and Mahowald, N. M.: Recent (1980 to 2015) Trends and
Variability in Daily-to-Interannual Soluble Iron Deposition from Dust, Fire,
and Anthropogenic Sources, Geophys. Res. Lett., 47, e2020GL089688, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL089688, 2020.
He, X., Liu, P., Zhao, W., Xu, H., Zhang, R., and Shen, Z.: Size
distribution of water-soluble metals in atmospheric particles in Xi'an,
China: Seasonal variations, bioavailability, and health risk assessment,
Atmos. Poll. Res., 12, 101090,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2021.101090, 2021.
Hennigan, C. J., Izumi, J., Sullivan, A. P., Weber, R. J., and Nenes, A.: A critical evaluation of proxy methods used to estimate the acidity of atmospheric particles, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 2775–2790, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2775-2015, 2015.
Hsu, S.-C., Lin, F.-J., and Jeng, W.-L.: Seawater solubility of natural and
anthropogenic metals within ambient aerosols collected from Taiwan coastal
sites, Atmos. Environ., 39, 3989–4001, 2005.
Huang, X., Song, Y., Zhao, C., Li, M., Zhu, T., Zhang, Q., and Zhang, X.:
Pathways of sulfate enhancement by natural and anthropogenic mineral
aerosols in China, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos, 119, 14165–14179, 2014.
Ito, A., Myriokefalitakis, S., Kanakidou, M., Mahowald, N. M., Scanza, R.
A., Hamilton, D. S., Baker, A. R., Jickells, T., Sarin, M., Bikkina, S.,
Gao, Y., Shelley, R. U., Buck, C. S., Landing, W. M., Bowie, A. R., Perron,
M. M. G., Guieu, C., Meskhidze, N., Johnson, M. S., Feng, Y., Kok, J. F.,
Nenes, A., and Duce, R. A.: Pyrogenic iron: The missing link to high iron
solubility in aerosols, Sci. Adv., 5, eaau7671, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau7671, 2019.
Ito, A., Ye, Y., Baldo, C., and Shi, Z. B.: Ocean fertilization by pyrogenic
aerosol iron, Npj Clim. Atmos. Sci., 4, 30, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-41021-00185-41618, 2021.
Jickells, T. D., An, Z. S., Andersen, K. K., Baker, A. R., Bergametti, G.,
Brooks, N., Cao, J. J., Boyd, P. W., Duce, R. A., Hunter, K. A., Kawahata,
H., Kubilay, N., laRoche, J., Liss, P. S., Mahowald, N., Prospero, J. M.,
Ridgwell, A. J., Tegen, I., and Torres, R.: Global Iron Connections between
Desert Dust, Ocean Biogeochemistry, and Climate, Science, 308, 67–71, 2005.
Journet, E., Balkanski, Y., and Harrison, S. P.: A new data set of soil mineralogy for dust-cycle modeling, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 3801–3816, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-3801-2014, 2014.
Kawamura, K. and Bikkina, S.: A review of dicarboxylic acids and related
compounds in atmospheric aerosols: Molecular distributions, sources and
transformation, Atmos. Res., 170, 140–160, 2016.
Kelly, F. J.: Oxidative stress: Its role in air pollution and adverse health
effects, Occup. Environ. Med., 60, 612–616, 2003.
Kumar, A., Sarin, M. M., and Srinivas, B.: Aerosol iron solubility over Bay
of Bengal: Role of anthropogenic sources and chemical processing, Mar.
Chem., 121, 167–175, 2010.
Lei, Y., Li, D., Lu, D., Zhang, T., Sun, J., Wang, X., Xu, H., and Shen, Z.:
Insights into the roles of aerosol soluble iron in secondary aerosol
formation, Atmos. Environ., 294, 119507,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119507, 2023.
Li, R., Zhang, H. H., Wang, F., He, Y. T., Huang, C. P., Luo, L., Dong, S.
W., Jia, X. H., and Tang, M. J.: Mass fractions, solubility, speciation and
isotopic compositions of iron in coal and municipal waste fly ash, Sci.
Total Environ., 838, 155974, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155974, 2022.
Li, R., Dong, S. W., Huang, C. P., Yu, F., Wang, F., Li, X. F., Zhang, H.
H., Ren, Y., Guo, M. X., Chen, Q. C., Ge, B. Z., and Tang, M. J.: Evaluating
the effects of contact time and leaching solution on measured solubilities
of aerosol trace metals, Appl. Geochem., 148, 105551, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2022.105551, 2023.
Li, W. J., Xu, L., Liu, X. H., Zhang, J. C., Lin, Y. T., Yao, X. H., Gao, H.
W., Zhang, D. Z., Chen, J. M., Wang, W. X., Harrison, R. M., Zhang, X. Y.,
Shao, L. Y., Fu, P. Q., Nenes, A., and Shi, Z. B.: Air pollution–aerosol
interactions produce more bioavailable iron for ocean ecosystems, Science
Adv., 3, e1601749, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1601749, 2017.
Liu, L., Lin, Q., Liang, Z., Du, R., Zhang, G., Zhu, Y., Qi, B., Zhou, S.,
and Li, W.: Variations in concentration and solubility of iron in
atmospheric fine particles during the COVID-19 pandemic: An example from
China, Gondwana Res., 97, 138–144, 2021.
Liu, M. X., Matsui, H., Hamilton, D. S., Lamb, K. D., Rathod, S. D.,
Schwarz, J. P., and Mahowald, N. M.: The underappreciated role of
anthropogenic sources in atmospheric soluble iron flux to the Southern
Ocean, Npj Clim. Atmos. Sci., 5, 28,
10.1038/s41612-022-00250-w, 2022.
Mahowald, N. M., Hamilton, D. S., Mackey, K. R. M., Moore, J. K., Baker, A.
R., Scanza, R. A., and Zhang, Y.: Aerosol trace metal leaching and impacts
on marine microorganisms, Nat. Commun., 9, 2614, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04970-7, 2018.
Martin, J. H.: Glacial-interglacial CO2 change: the iron hypothesis,
Paleoceanography, 5, 1–13, 1990.
Martin, L. R. and Good, T. W.: Catalyzed oxidation of sulfur dioxide in
solution: The iron-manganese synergism, Atmos. Environ., 25, 2395–2399,
1991.
McDaniel, M. F. M., Ingall, E. D., Morton, P. L., Castorina, E., Weber, R.
J., Shelley, R. U., Landing, W. M., Longo, A. F., Feng, Y., and Lai, B.:
Relationship between Atmospheric Aerosol Mineral Surface Area and Iron
Solubility, ACS Earth Space Chem., 3, 2443–2451, 2019.
Meskhidze, N., Volker, C., Al-Abadleh, H. A., Barbeau, K., Bressac, M.,
Buck, C., Bundy, R. M., Croot, P., Feng, Y., Ito, A., Johansen, A. M.,
Landing, W. M., Mao, J. Q., Myriokefalitakis, S., Ohnemus, D., Pasquier, B.,
and Ye, Y.: Perspective on identifying and characterizing the processes
controlling iron speciation and residence time at the atmosphere-ocean
interface, Mar. Chem., 217, 103704, 2019.
Moore, C. M., Mills, M. M., Achterberg, E. P., Geider, R. J., LaRoche, J.,
Lucas, M. I., McDonagh, E. L., Pan, X., Poulton, A. J., Rijkenberg, M. J.
A., Suggett, D. J., Ussher, S. J., and Woodward, E. M. S.: Large-scale
distribution of Atlantic nitrogen fixation controlled by iron availability,
Nat. Geosci., 2, 867–871, 2009.
Myriokefalitakis, S., Ito, A., Kanakidou, M., Nenes, A., Krol, M. C., Mahowald, N. M., Scanza, R. A., Hamilton, D. S., Johnson, M. S., Meskhidze, N., Kok, J. F., Guieu, C., Baker, A. R., Jickells, T. D., Sarin, M. M., Bikkina, S., Shelley, R., Bowie, A., Perron, M. M. G., and Duce, R. A.: Reviews and syntheses: the GESAMP atmospheric iron deposition model intercomparison study, Biogeosciences, 15, 6659–6684, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6659-2018, 2018.
Myriokefalitakis, S., Tsigaridis, K., Mihalopoulos, N., Sciare, J., Nenes, A., Kawamura, K., Segers, A., and Kanakidou, M.: In-cloud oxalate formation in the global troposphere: a 3-D modeling study, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 5761–5782, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-5761-2011, 2011.
Oakes, M., Weber, R. J., Lai, B., Russell, A., and Ingall, E. D.: Characterization of iron speciation in urban and rural single particles using XANES spectroscopy and micro X-ray fluorescence measurements: investigating the relationship between speciation and fractional iron solubility, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 745–756, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-745-2012, 2012a.
Oakes, M., Ingall, E. D., Lai, B., Shafer, M. M., Hays, M. D., Liu, Z. G.,
Russell, A. G., and Weber, R. J.: Iron Solubility Related to Particle Sulfur
Content in Source Emission and Ambient Fine Particles, Environ. Sci.
Tech., 46, 6637–6644, 2012b.
Ooki, A., Nishioka, J., Ono, T., and Noriki, S.: Size dependence of iron
solubility of Asian mineral dust particles, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos, 114,
D03202, https://doi.org/10.01029/02008JD010804, 2009.
Paris, R. and Desboeufs, K. V.: Effect of atmospheric organic complexation on iron-bearing dust solubility, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 4895–4905, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-4895-2013, 2013.
Paris, R., Desboeufs, K. V., and Journet, E.: Variability of dust iron
solubility in atmospheric waters: Investigation of the role of oxalate
organic complexation, Atmos. Environ., 45, 6510–6517, 2011.
Paris, R., Desboeufs, K. V., Formenti, P., Nava, S., and Chou, C.: Chemical characterisation of iron in dust and biomass burning aerosols during AMMA-SOP0/DABEX: implication for iron solubility, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 4273–4282, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-4273-2010, 2010.
Pye, H. O. T., Nenes, A., Alexander, B., Ault, A. P., Barth, M. C., Clegg, S. L., Collett Jr., J. L., Fahey, K. M., Hennigan, C. J., Herrmann, H., Kanakidou, M., Kelly, J. T., Ku, I.-T., McNeill, V. F., Riemer, N., Schaefer, T., Shi, G., Tilgner, A., Walker, J. T., Wang, T., Weber, R., Xing, J., Zaveri, R. A., and Zuend, A.: The acidity of atmospheric particles and clouds, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 4809–4888, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4809-2020, 2020.
Sakata, K., Kurisu, M., Takeichi, Y., Sakaguchi, A., Tanimoto, H., Tamenori, Y., Matsuki, A., and Takahashi, Y.: Iron (Fe) speciation in size-fractionated aerosol particles in the Pacific Ocean: The role of organic complexation of Fe with humic-like substances in controlling Fe solubility, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 9461–9482, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9461-2022, 2022.
Schroth, A. W., Crusius, J., Sholkovitz, E. R., and Bostick, B. C.: Iron
solubility driven by speciation in dust sources to the ocean, Nat.
Geosci., 2, 337–340, 2009.
Sedwick, P. N., Sholkovitz, E. R., and Church, T. M.: Impact of
anthropogenic combustion emissions on the fractional solubility of aerosol
iron: Evidence from the Sargasso Sea, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 8, Q10Q06,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GC001586, 2007.
Seinfeld, J. H. and Pandis, S. N.: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From
Air Pollution to Climate Change (Third edition), Wiley Interscience, New
York, ISBN 978-1-118-94740-1, 2016.
Shelley, R. U., Landing, W. M., Ussher, S. J., Planquette, H., and Sarthou, G.: Regional trends in the fractional solubility of Fe and other metals from North Atlantic aerosols (GEOTRACES cruises GA01 and GA03) following a two-stage leach, Biogeosciences, 15, 2271–2288, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2271-2018, 2018.
Shi, J. H., Guan, Y., Ito, A., Gao, H. W., Yao, X. H., Baker, A. R., and
Zhang, D. Z.: High Production of Soluble Iron Promoted by Aerosol
Acidification in Fog, Geophys. Res. Lett., 47, e2019GL086124,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2019gl086124, 2020.
Shi, Z., Bonneville, S., Krom, M. D., Carslaw, K. S., Jickells, T. D., Baker, A. R., and Benning, L. G.: Iron dissolution kinetics of mineral dust at low pH during simulated atmospheric processing, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 995–1007, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-995-2011, 2011a.
Shi, Z. B., Woodhouse, M. T., Carslaw, K. S., Krom, M. D., Mann, G. W., Baker, A. R., Savov, I., Fones, G. R., Brooks, B., Drake, N., Jickells, T. D., and Benning, L. G.: Minor effect of physical size sorting on iron solubility of transported mineral dust, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 8459–8469, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-8459-2011, 2011b.
Shi, Z. B., Krom, M. D., Jickells, T. D., Bonneville, S., Carslaw, K. S.,
Mihalopoulos, N., Baker, A. R., and Benning, L. G.: Impacts on iron
solubility in the mineral dust by processes in the source region and the
atmosphere: A review, Aeolian Res., 5, 21–42, 2012.
Sholkovitz, E. R., Sedwick, P. N., and Church, T. M.: Influence of
anthropogenic combustion emissions on the deposition of soluble aerosol iron
to the ocean: Empirical estimates for island sites in the North Atlantic,
Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 73, 3981–4003, 2009.
Sholkovitz, E. R., Sedwick, P. N., Church, T. M., Baker, A. R., and Powell,
C. F.: Fractional solubility of aerosol iron: Synthesis of a global-scale
data set, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac, 89, 173–189, 2012.
Sun, J. X., Liu, L., Xu, L., Wang, Y. Y., Wu, Z. J., Hu, M., Shi, Z. B., Li,
Y. J., Zhang, X. Y., Chen, J. M., and Li, W. J.: Key Role of Nitrate in
Phase Transitions of Urban Particles: Implications of Important Reactive
Surfaces for Secondary Aerosol Formation, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 123,
1234–1243, 2018.
Tagliabue, A., Bowie, A. R., Boyd, P. W., Buck, K. N., Johnson, K. S., and
Saito, M. A.: The integral role of iron in ocean biogeochemistry, Nature,
543, 51–59, 2017.
Tang, W., Llort, J., Weis, J., Perron, M. M. G., Basart, S., Li, Z.,
Sathyendranath, S., Jackson, T., Sanz Rodriguez, E., Proemse, B. C., Bowie,
A. R., Schallenberg, C., Strutton, P. G., Matear, R., and Cassar, N.:
Widespread phytoplankton blooms triggered by 2019–2020 Australian
wildfires, Nature, 597, 370–375, 2021.
Tao, Y. and Murphy, J. G.: The Mechanisms Responsible for the Interactions
among Oxalate, pH, and Fe Dissolution in PM2.5, ACS Earth Space Chem.,
3, 2259–2265, 2019.
Tao, Y., Moravek, A., Furlani, T. C., Power, C. E., VandenBoer, T. C.,
Chang, R. Y. W., Wiacek, A., and Young, C. J.: Acidity of Size-Resolved
Sea-Salt Aerosol in a Coastal Urban Area: Comparison of Existing and New
Approaches, ACS Earth Space Chem., 6, 1239–1249, 2022.
Tian, H. Z., Wang, Y., Xue, Z. G., Cheng, K., Qu, Y. P., Chai, F. H., and Hao, J. M.: Trend and characteristics of atmospheric emissions of Hg, As, and Se from coal combustion in China, 1980–2007, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 11905–11919, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-11905-2010, 2010.
Wang, Y., Salana, S., Yu, H., Puthussery, J. V., and Verma, V.: On the
Relative Contribution of Iron and Organic Compounds, and Their Interaction
in Cellular Oxidative Potential of Ambient PM2.5, Environ. Sci. Tech. Lett., 9, 680–686, 2022.
Wang, Y. Q., Wang, M. M., Li, S. P., Sun, H. Y., Mu, Z., Zhang, L. X., Li,
Y. G., and Chen, Q. C.: Study on the oxidation potential of the
water-soluble components of ambient PM2.5 over Xi'an, China: Pollution
levels, source apportionment and transport pathways, Environ. Int., 136,
105515, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105515, 2020.
Wang, Z., Fu, H., Zhang, L., Song, W., and Chen, J.: Ligand-Promoted
Photoreductive Dissolution of Goethite by Atmospheric Low-Molecular
Dicarboxylates, J. Phys. Chem. A, 121, 1647–1656, 2017.
Wang, Z., Li, R., Cui, L., Fu, H., Lin, J., and Chen, J.: Characterization
and acid-mobilization study for typical iron-bearing clay mineral, J.
Environ. Sci., 71, 222–232, 2018.
Winton, V. H. L., Bowie, A. R., Edwards, R., Keywood, M., Townsend, A. T.,
van der Merwe, P., and Bollhofer, A.: Fractional iron solubility of
atmospheric iron inputs to the Southern Ocean, Mar. Chem., 177, 20–32,
2015.
Wong, J. P. S., Yang, Y., Fang, T., Mulholland, J. A., Russell, A. G.,
Ebelt, S., Nenes, A., and Weber, R. J.: Fine Particle Iron in Soils and Road
Dust Is Modulated by Coal-Fired Power Plant Sulfur, Environ. Sci. Technol.,
54, 7088–7096, 2020.
Yang, J., Ma, L., He, X., Au, W. C., Miao, Y., Wang, W.-X., and Nah, T.: Measurement report: Abundance and fractional solubilities of aerosol metals in urban Hong Kong – insights into factors that control aerosol metal dissolution in an urban site in South China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 1403–1419, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1403-2023, 2023.
Yang, T., Chen, Y., Zhou, S., Li, H., Wang, F., and Zhu, Y.: Solubilities
and deposition fluxes of atmospheric Fe and Cu over the Northwest Pacific
and its marginal seas, Atmos. Environ., 239, 117763, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117763, 2020.
Yang, Y. and Weber, R. J.: Ultrafiltration to characterize PM2.5
water-soluble iron and its sources in an urban environment, Atmos. Environ.,
286, 119246, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119246, 2022.
Young, A. H., Keene, W. C., Pszenny, A. A. P., Sander, R., Thornton, J. A.,
Riedel, T. P., and Maben, J. R.: Phase partitioning of soluble trace gases
with size-resolved aerosols in near-surface continental air over northern
Colorado, USA, during winter, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos, 118, 9414–9427, 2013.
Zhang, G. H., Lin, Q. H., Peng, L., Yang, Y. X., Jiang, F., Liu, F. X.,
Song, W., Chen, D. H., Cai, Z., Bi, X. H., Miller, M., Tang, M. J., Huang,
W. L., Wang, X. M., Peng, P. A., and Sheng, G. Y.: Oxalate Formation
Enhanced by Fe-Containing Particles and Environmental Implications, Environ.
Sci. Technol., 53, 1269–1277, 2019.
Zhang, H. H., Li, R., Dong, S. W., Wang, F., Zhu, Y. J., Meng, H., Huang, C.
P., Ren, Y., Wang, X. F., Hu, X. D., Li, T. T., Peng, C., Zhang, G. H., Xue,
L. K., Wang, X. M., and Tang, M. J.: Abundance and Fractional Solubility of
Aerosol Iron During Winter at a Coastal City in Northern China: Similarities
and Contrasts Between Fine and Coarse Particles, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos,
127, e2021JD036070, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD036070, 2022.
Zhang, R., Cao, J. J., Tang, Y. R., Arimoto, R., Shen, Z. X., Wu, F., Han,
Y. M., Wang, G. H., Zhang, J. Q., and Li, G. H.: Elemental profiles and
signatures of fugitive dusts from Chinese deserts, Sci. Total Environ., 472,
1121–1129, 2014.
Zhang, Y. X., Schauer, J. J., Shafer, M. M., Hannigan, M. P., and Dutton, S.
J.: Source apportionment of in vitro reactive oxygen species bioassay
activity from atmospheric particulate matter, Environ. Sci. Technol., 42,
7502–7509, 2008.
Zhou, M., Zheng, G., Wang, H., Qiao, L., Zhu, S., Huang, D., An, J., Lou, S., Tao, S., Wang, Q., Yan, R., Ma, Y., Chen, C., Cheng, Y., Su, H., and Huang, C.: Long-term trends and drivers of aerosol pH in eastern China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 13833–13844, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13833-2022, 2022.
Zhu, Y. H., Li, W. J., Lin, Q. H., Yuan, Q., Liu, L., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y.
X., Shao, L. Y., Niu, H. Y., Yang, S. S., and Shi, Z. B.: Iron solubility in
fine particles associated with secondary acidic aerosols in east China,
Environ. Pollut., 264, 114769, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114769, 2020.
Zhu, Y., Li, W., Wang, Y., Zhang, J., Liu, L., Xu, L., Xu, J., Shi, J., Shao, L., Fu, P., Zhang, D., and Shi, Z.: Sources and processes of iron aerosols in a megacity in Eastern China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 2191–2202, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-2191-2022, 2022.
Short summary
This work investigated the seasonal variation of aerosol Fe solubility for coarse and fine particles in Xi’an, a megacity in northwestern China severely affected by anthropogenic emission and desert dust aerosol. In addition, we discussed in depth what controlled aerosol Fe solubility at different seasons for coarse and fine particles.
This work investigated the seasonal variation of aerosol Fe solubility for coarse and fine...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint