Articles | Volume 19, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-877-2019
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-877-2019
Research article
 | 
23 Jan 2019
Research article |  | 23 Jan 2019

New type of evidence for secondary ice formation at around −15 °C in mixed-phase clouds

Claudia Mignani, Jessie M. Creamean, Lukas Zimmermann, Christine Alewell, and Franz Conen

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Cited articles

Bacon, N. J., Swanson, B. D., Baker, M. B., and Davis, E. J.: Breakup of levitated frost particles, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 13763–13775, https://doi.org/10.1029/98JD01162, 1998. 
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Braham, R. R.: What is the role of ice in summer rain showers?, J. Atmos. Sci., 21, 640–645, 1964. 
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Short summary
A snow crystal can be generated from an ice nucleating particle or from an ice splinter. In this study we made use of the fact that snow crystals with a particular shape (dendrites) grow within a narrow temperature range (−12 to −17 °C) and can be analysed individually for the presence of an ice nucleating particle. Our direct approach revealed that only one in eight crystals contained such a particle and was of primary origin. The other crystals must have grown from ice splinters.
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