Articles | Volume 22, issue 18
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12705-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12705-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Peculiar COVID-19 effects in the Greater Tokyo Area revealed by spatiotemporal variabilities of tropospheric gases and light-absorbing aerosols
Alessandro Damiani
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Center for Environmental Remote Sensing (CEReS), Chiba University,
Chiba, 2638522, Japan
Hitoshi Irie
Center for Environmental Remote Sensing (CEReS), Chiba University,
Chiba, 2638522, Japan
Dmitry A. Belikov
Center for Environmental Remote Sensing (CEReS), Chiba University,
Chiba, 2638522, Japan
Shuei Kaizuka
Center for Environmental Remote Sensing (CEReS), Chiba University,
Chiba, 2638522, Japan
Hossain Mohammed Syedul Hoque
Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya,
4640064, Japan
Raul R. Cordero
Department of Physics, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago,
3363, Chile
Related authors
Raúl R. Cordero, Sarah Feron, Alessandro Damiani, Pedro J. Llanillo, Jorge Carrasco, Alia L. Khan, Richard Bintanja, Zutao Ouyang, and Gino Casassa
The Cryosphere, 17, 4995–5006, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4995-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4995-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the response of Antarctic sea ice to year-to-year changes in the tropospheric–stratospheric dynamics. Our findings suggest that, by affecting the tropospheric westerlies, the strength of the stratospheric polar vortex has played a major role in recent record-breaking anomalies in Antarctic sea ice.
Hossain Mohammed Syedul Hoque, Kengo Sudo, Hitoshi Irie, Alessandro Damiani, Manish Naja, and Al Mashroor Fatmi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 12559–12589, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12559-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12559-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and formaldehyde (HCHO) are essential trace graces regulating tropospheric ozone chemistry. These trace constituents are measured using an optical passive remote sensing technique. In addition, NO2 and HCHO are simulated with a computer model and evaluated against the observations. Such evaluations are essential to assess model uncertainties and improve their predictability. The results yielded good agreement between the two datasets with some discrepancies.
Hossain M. S. Hoque, Kengo Sudo, Hitoshi Irie, Alessandro Damiani, and Al Mashroor Fatmi
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-815, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-815, 2021
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and formaldehyde (HCHO) profiles, retrieved from remote sensing observations, are used to evaluate the global chemistry transport model CHASER. Overall, CHASER has demonstrated good skills in reproducing the seasonal climatology of NO2 and HCHO on a local scale at sites in South and East Asia. Around mountainous terrains, the model performs better on a regional scale. The improved spatial resolution of CHASER can likely reduce the observed discrepancies in the datasets.
Marielle Saunois, Adrien Martinez, Benjamin Poulter, Zhen Zhang, Peter A. Raymond, Pierre Regnier, Josep G. Canadell, Robert B. Jackson, Prabir K. Patra, Philippe Bousquet, Philippe Ciais, Edward J. Dlugokencky, Xin Lan, George H. Allen, David Bastviken, David J. Beerling, Dmitry A. Belikov, Donald R. Blake, Simona Castaldi, Monica Crippa, Bridget R. Deemer, Fraser Dennison, Giuseppe Etiope, Nicola Gedney, Lena Höglund-Isaksson, Meredith A. Holgerson, Peter O. Hopcroft, Gustaf Hugelius, Akihiko Ito, Atul K. Jain, Rajesh Janardanan, Matthew S. Johnson, Thomas Kleinen, Paul B. Krummel, Ronny Lauerwald, Tingting Li, Xiangyu Liu, Kyle C. McDonald, Joe R. Melton, Jens Mühle, Jurek Müller, Fabiola Murguia-Flores, Yosuke Niwa, Sergio Noce, Shufen Pan, Robert J. Parker, Changhui Peng, Michel Ramonet, William J. Riley, Gerard Rocher-Ros, Judith A. Rosentreter, Motoki Sasakawa, Arjo Segers, Steven J. Smith, Emily H. Stanley, Joël Thanwerdas, Hanqin Tian, Aki Tsuruta, Francesco N. Tubiello, Thomas S. Weber, Guido R. van der Werf, Douglas E. J. Worthy, Yi Xi, Yukio Yoshida, Wenxin Zhang, Bo Zheng, Qing Zhu, Qiuan Zhu, and Qianlai Zhuang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1873–1958, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1873-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1873-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Methane (CH4) is the second most important human-influenced greenhouse gas in terms of climate forcing after carbon dioxide (CO2). A consortium of multi-disciplinary scientists synthesise and update the budget of the sources and sinks of CH4. This edition benefits from important progress in estimating emissions from lakes and ponds, reservoirs, and streams and rivers. For the 2010s decade, global CH4 emissions are estimated at 575 Tg CH4 yr-1, including ~65 % from anthropogenic sources.
Yuhang Zhang, Huan Yu, Isabelle De Smedt, Jintai Lin, Nicolas Theys, Michel Van Roozendael, Gaia Pinardi, Steven Compernolle, Ruijing Ni, Fangxuan Ren, Sijie Wang, Lulu Chen, Jos Van Geffen, Mengyao Liu, Alexander M. Cede, Martin Tiefengraber, Alexis Merlaud, Martina M. Friedrich, Andreas Richter, Ankie Piters, Vinod Kumar, Vinayak Sinha, Thomas Wagner, Yongjoo Choi, Hisahiro Takashima, Yugo Kanaya, Hitoshi Irie, Robert Spurr, Wenfu Sun, and Lorenzo Fabris
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 1561–1589, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-1561-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-1561-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We developed an advanced algorithm for global retrieval of TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) HCHO and NO2 vertical column densities with much improved consistency. Sensitivity tests demonstrate the complexity and nonlinear interactions of auxiliary parameters in the air mass factor calculation. An improved agreement is found with measurements from a global ground-based instrument network. The scientific retrieval provides a useful source of information for studies combining HCHO and NO2.
Zhu Deng, Philippe Ciais, Liting Hu, Adrien Martinez, Marielle Saunois, Rona L. Thompson, Kushal Tibrewal, Wouter Peters, Brendan Byrne, Giacomo Grassi, Paul I. Palmer, Ingrid T. Luijkx, Zhu Liu, Junjie Liu, Xuekun Fang, Tengjiao Wang, Hanqin Tian, Katsumasa Tanaka, Ana Bastos, Stephen Sitch, Benjamin Poulter, Clément Albergel, Aki Tsuruta, Shamil Maksyutov, Rajesh Janardanan, Yosuke Niwa, Bo Zheng, Joël Thanwerdas, Dmitry Belikov, Arjo Segers, and Frédéric Chevallier
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 1121–1152, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1121-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-1121-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study reconciles national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories with updated atmospheric inversion results to evaluate discrepancies for three principal GHG fluxes at the national level. Compared to our previous study, new satellite-based CO2 inversions were included and an updated mask of managed lands was used, improving agreement for Brazil and Canada. The proposed methodology can be regularly applied as a check to assess the gap between top-down inversions and bottom-up inventories.
Germar H. Bernhard, George T. Janson, Scott Simpson, Raúl R. Cordero, Edgardo I. Sepúlveda Araya, Jose Jorquera, Juan A. Rayas, and Randall N. Lind
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 819–841, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-819-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-819-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Several publications have reported that total column ozone (TCO) may oscillate during solar eclipses, whereas other researchers have not seen evidence of such fluctuations. Here, we try to resolve these contradictions by measuring variations in TCO during three solar eclipses. In all instances, the variability in TCO was within natural variability. We conclude that solar eclipses do not lead to measurable variations in TCO, drawing into question reports of much larger changes found in the past.
Eunjo S. Ha, Rokjin J. Park, Hyeong-Ahn Kwon, Gitaek T. Lee, Sieun D. Lee, Seunga Shin, Dong-Won Lee, Hyunkee Hong, Christophe Lerot, Isabelle De Smedt, Thomas Danckaert, Francois Hendrick, and Hitoshi Irie
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 6369–6384, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-6369-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-6369-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we evaluated the GEMS glyoxal products by comparing them with TROPOMI and MAX-DOAS measurements. GEMS and TROPOMI VCDs present similar spatial distributions. Monthly variations in GEMS VCDs and TROPOMI and MAX-DOAS VCDs differ in northeastern Asia, which we attributed to a polluted reference spectrum and high NO2 concentrations. GEMS glyoxal products with unparalleled temporal resolution would enrich our understanding of VOC emissions and diurnal variation.
Ana Maria Roxana Petrescu, Glen P. Peters, Richard Engelen, Sander Houweling, Dominik Brunner, Aki Tsuruta, Bradley Matthews, Prabir K. Patra, Dmitry Belikov, Rona L. Thompson, Lena Höglund-Isaksson, Wenxin Zhang, Arjo J. Segers, Giuseppe Etiope, Giancarlo Ciotoli, Philippe Peylin, Frédéric Chevallier, Tuula Aalto, Robbie M. Andrew, David Bastviken, Antoine Berchet, Grégoire Broquet, Giulia Conchedda, Stijn N. C. Dellaert, Hugo Denier van der Gon, Johannes Gütschow, Jean-Matthieu Haussaire, Ronny Lauerwald, Tiina Markkanen, Jacob C. A. van Peet, Isabelle Pison, Pierre Regnier, Espen Solum, Marko Scholze, Maria Tenkanen, Francesco N. Tubiello, Guido R. van der Werf, and John R. Worden
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 4325–4350, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4325-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4325-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides an overview of data availability from observation- and inventory-based CH4 emission estimates. It systematically compares them and provides recommendations for robust comparisons, aiming to steadily engage more parties in using observational methods to complement their UNFCCC submissions. Anticipating improvements in atmospheric modelling and observations, future developments need to resolve knowledge gaps in both approaches and to better quantify remaining uncertainty.
Hossain Mohammed Syedul Hoque, Kengo Sudo, Hitoshi Irie, Yanfeng He, and Md Firoz Khan
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 5545–5571, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-5545-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-5545-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Using multi-platform observations, we validated global formaldehyde (HCHO) simulations from a chemistry transport model. HCHO is a crucial intermediate in the chemical catalytic cycle that governs the ozone formation in the troposphere. The model was capable of replicating the observed spatiotemporal variability in HCHO. In a few cases, the model's capability was limited. This is attributed to the uncertainties in the observations and the model parameters.
Drew C. Pendergrass, Daniel J. Jacob, Yujin J. Oak, Jeewoo Lee, Minseok Kim, Jhoon Kim, Seoyoung Lee, Shixian Zhai, Hitoshi Irie, and Hong Liao
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-172, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-172, 2024
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
Fine particles suspended in the atmosphere are a major form of air pollution and an important public health burden. However, measurements of particulate matter are sparse in space and in places like East Asia monitors are established after regulatory policies to improve pollution have changed. In this paper, we use machine learning to fill in the gaps. We train an algorithm to predict pollution at the surface from the atmosphere’s opacity, then produce high resolution maps of data without gaps.
Nofel Lagrosas, Kosuke Okubo, Hitoshi Irie, Yutaka Matsumi, Tomoki Nakayama, Yutaka Sugita, Takashi Okada, and Tatsuo Shiina
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 5937–5951, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-5937-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-5937-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This work examines the near-ground aerosol–weather relationship from 7-month continuous lidar and weather observations in Chiba, Japan. Optical parameters from lidar data are compared with weather parameters to understand and quantify the aerosol–weather relationship and how these optical parameters are affected by the weather and season. The results provide insights into analyzing optical properties of radioactive aerosols when the lidar system is continuously operated in a radioactive area.
Raúl R. Cordero, Sarah Feron, Alessandro Damiani, Pedro J. Llanillo, Jorge Carrasco, Alia L. Khan, Richard Bintanja, Zutao Ouyang, and Gino Casassa
The Cryosphere, 17, 4995–5006, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4995-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-4995-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the response of Antarctic sea ice to year-to-year changes in the tropospheric–stratospheric dynamics. Our findings suggest that, by affecting the tropospheric westerlies, the strength of the stratospheric polar vortex has played a major role in recent record-breaking anomalies in Antarctic sea ice.
Ka Lok Chan, Pieter Valks, Klaus-Peter Heue, Ronny Lutz, Pascal Hedelt, Diego Loyola, Gaia Pinardi, Michel Van Roozendael, François Hendrick, Thomas Wagner, Vinod Kumar, Alkis Bais, Ankie Piters, Hitoshi Irie, Hisahiro Takashima, Yugo Kanaya, Yongjoo Choi, Kihong Park, Jihyo Chong, Alexander Cede, Udo Frieß, Andreas Richter, Jianzhong Ma, Nuria Benavent, Robert Holla, Oleg Postylyakov, Claudia Rivera Cárdenas, and Mark Wenig
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 1831–1870, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1831-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1831-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents the theoretical basis as well as verification and validation of the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 (GOME-2) daily and monthly level-3 products.
Hossain Mohammed Syedul Hoque, Kengo Sudo, Hitoshi Irie, Alessandro Damiani, Manish Naja, and Al Mashroor Fatmi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 12559–12589, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12559-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12559-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and formaldehyde (HCHO) are essential trace graces regulating tropospheric ozone chemistry. These trace constituents are measured using an optical passive remote sensing technique. In addition, NO2 and HCHO are simulated with a computer model and evaluated against the observations. Such evaluations are essential to assess model uncertainties and improve their predictability. The results yielded good agreement between the two datasets with some discrepancies.
Pradeep Khatri, Tadahiro Hayasaka, Hitoshi Irie, Husi Letu, Takashi Y. Nakajima, Hiroshi Ishimoto, and Tamio Takamura
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 1967–1982, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-1967-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-1967-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Cloud properties observed by the Second-generation Global Imager (SGLI) onboard the Global Change Observation Mission – Climate (GCOM-C) satellite are evaluated using surface observation data. The study finds that SGLI-observed cloud properties are qualitative enough, although water cloud properties are suggested to be more qualitative, and both water and ice cloud properties can reproduce surface irradiance quite satisfactorily. Thus, SGLI cloud products are very useful for different studies.
Christophe Lerot, François Hendrick, Michel Van Roozendael, Leonardo M. A. Alvarado, Andreas Richter, Isabelle De Smedt, Nicolas Theys, Jonas Vlietinck, Huan Yu, Jeroen Van Gent, Trissevgeni Stavrakou, Jean-François Müller, Pieter Valks, Diego Loyola, Hitoshi Irie, Vinod Kumar, Thomas Wagner, Stefan F. Schreier, Vinayak Sinha, Ting Wang, Pucai Wang, and Christian Retscher
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 7775–7807, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-7775-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-7775-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Global measurements of glyoxal tropospheric columns from the satellite instrument TROPOMI are presented. Such measurements can contribute to the estimation of atmospheric emissions of volatile organic compounds. This new glyoxal product has been fully characterized with a comprehensive error budget, with comparison with other satellite data sets as well as with validation based on independent ground-based remote sensing glyoxal observations.
Hossain M. S. Hoque, Kengo Sudo, Hitoshi Irie, Alessandro Damiani, and Al Mashroor Fatmi
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-815, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-815, 2021
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and formaldehyde (HCHO) profiles, retrieved from remote sensing observations, are used to evaluate the global chemistry transport model CHASER. Overall, CHASER has demonstrated good skills in reproducing the seasonal climatology of NO2 and HCHO on a local scale at sites in South and East Asia. Around mountainous terrains, the model performs better on a regional scale. The improved spatial resolution of CHASER can likely reduce the observed discrepancies in the datasets.
Isabelle De Smedt, Gaia Pinardi, Corinne Vigouroux, Steven Compernolle, Alkis Bais, Nuria Benavent, Folkert Boersma, Ka-Lok Chan, Sebastian Donner, Kai-Uwe Eichmann, Pascal Hedelt, François Hendrick, Hitoshi Irie, Vinod Kumar, Jean-Christopher Lambert, Bavo Langerock, Christophe Lerot, Cheng Liu, Diego Loyola, Ankie Piters, Andreas Richter, Claudia Rivera Cárdenas, Fabian Romahn, Robert George Ryan, Vinayak Sinha, Nicolas Theys, Jonas Vlietinck, Thomas Wagner, Ting Wang, Huan Yu, and Michel Van Roozendael
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 12561–12593, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12561-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12561-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This paper assess the performances of the TROPOMI formaldehyde observations compared to its predecessor OMI at different spatial and temporal scales. We also use a global network of MAX-DOAS instruments to validate both satellite datasets for a large range of HCHO columns. The precision obtained with daily TROPOMI observations is comparable to monthly OMI observations. We present clear detection of weak HCHO column enhancements related to shipping emissions in the Indian Ocean.
Mizuo Kajino, Makoto Deushi, Tsuyoshi Thomas Sekiyama, Naga Oshima, Keiya Yumimoto, Taichu Yasumichi Tanaka, Joseph Ching, Akihiro Hashimoto, Tetsuya Yamamoto, Masaaki Ikegami, Akane Kamada, Makoto Miyashita, Yayoi Inomata, Shin-ichiro Shima, Pradeep Khatri, Atsushi Shimizu, Hitoshi Irie, Kouji Adachi, Yuji Zaizen, Yasuhito Igarashi, Hiromasa Ueda, Takashi Maki, and Masao Mikami
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 2235–2264, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-2235-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-2235-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study compares performance of aerosol representation methods of the Japan Meteorological Agency's regional-scale nonhydrostatic meteorology–chemistry model (NHM-Chem). It indicates separate treatment of sea salt and dust in coarse mode and that of light-absorptive and non-absorptive particles in fine mode could provide accurate assessments on aerosol feedback processes.
Shamil Maksyutov, Tomohiro Oda, Makoto Saito, Rajesh Janardanan, Dmitry Belikov, Johannes W. Kaiser, Ruslan Zhuravlev, Alexander Ganshin, Vinu K. Valsala, Arlyn Andrews, Lukasz Chmura, Edward Dlugokencky, László Haszpra, Ray L. Langenfelds, Toshinobu Machida, Takakiyo Nakazawa, Michel Ramonet, Colm Sweeney, and Douglas Worthy
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 1245–1266, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1245-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1245-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In order to improve the top-down estimation of the anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, a high-resolution inverse modelling technique was developed for applications to global transport modelling of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. A coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian transport model and its adjoint are combined with surface fluxes at 0.1° resolution to provide high-resolution forward simulation and inverse modelling of surface fluxes accounting for signals from emission hot spots.
Tijl Verhoelst, Steven Compernolle, Gaia Pinardi, Jean-Christopher Lambert, Henk J. Eskes, Kai-Uwe Eichmann, Ann Mari Fjæraa, José Granville, Sander Niemeijer, Alexander Cede, Martin Tiefengraber, François Hendrick, Andrea Pazmiño, Alkiviadis Bais, Ariane Bazureau, K. Folkert Boersma, Kristof Bognar, Angelika Dehn, Sebastian Donner, Aleksandr Elokhov, Manuel Gebetsberger, Florence Goutail, Michel Grutter de la Mora, Aleksandr Gruzdev, Myrto Gratsea, Georg H. Hansen, Hitoshi Irie, Nis Jepsen, Yugo Kanaya, Dimitris Karagkiozidis, Rigel Kivi, Karin Kreher, Pieternel F. Levelt, Cheng Liu, Moritz Müller, Monica Navarro Comas, Ankie J. M. Piters, Jean-Pierre Pommereau, Thierry Portafaix, Cristina Prados-Roman, Olga Puentedura, Richard Querel, Julia Remmers, Andreas Richter, John Rimmer, Claudia Rivera Cárdenas, Lidia Saavedra de Miguel, Valery P. Sinyakov, Wolfgang Stremme, Kimberly Strong, Michel Van Roozendael, J. Pepijn Veefkind, Thomas Wagner, Folkard Wittrock, Margarita Yela González, and Claus Zehner
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 481–510, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-481-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-481-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This paper reports on the ground-based validation of the NO2 data produced operationally by the TROPOMI instrument on board the Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite. Tropospheric, stratospheric, and total NO2 columns are compared to measurements collected from MAX-DOAS, ZSL-DOAS, and PGN/Pandora instruments respectively. The products are found to satisfy mission requirements in general, though negative mean differences are found at sites with high pollution levels. Potential causes are discussed.
Alia L. Khan, Heidi M. Dierssen, Ted A. Scambos, Juan Höfer, and Raul R. Cordero
The Cryosphere, 15, 133–148, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-133-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-133-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present radiative forcing (RF) estimates by snow algae in the Antarctic Peninsula (AP) region from multi-year measurements of solar radiation and ground-based hyperspectral characterization of red and green snow algae collected during a brief field expedition in austral summer 2018. Mean daily RF was double for green (~26 W m−2) vs. red (~13 W m−2) snow algae during the peak growing season, which is on par with midlatitude dust attributions capable of advancing snowmelt.
Gaia Pinardi, Michel Van Roozendael, François Hendrick, Nicolas Theys, Nader Abuhassan, Alkiviadis Bais, Folkert Boersma, Alexander Cede, Jihyo Chong, Sebastian Donner, Theano Drosoglou, Anatoly Dzhola, Henk Eskes, Udo Frieß, José Granville, Jay R. Herman, Robert Holla, Jari Hovila, Hitoshi Irie, Yugo Kanaya, Dimitris Karagkiozidis, Natalia Kouremeti, Jean-Christopher Lambert, Jianzhong Ma, Enno Peters, Ankie Piters, Oleg Postylyakov, Andreas Richter, Julia Remmers, Hisahiro Takashima, Martin Tiefengraber, Pieter Valks, Tim Vlemmix, Thomas Wagner, and Folkard Wittrock
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 6141–6174, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-6141-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-6141-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We validate several GOME-2 and OMI tropospheric NO2 products with 23 MAX-DOAS and 16 direct sun instruments distributed worldwide, highlighting large horizontal inhomogeneities at several sites affecting the validation results. We propose a method for quantification and correction. We show the application of such correction reduces the satellite underestimation in almost all heterogeneous cases, but a negative bias remains over the MAX-DOAS and direct sun network ensemble for both satellites.
Cited articles
Achakulwisut, P., Brauer, M., Hystad, P., and Anenberg, S. C.: Global, national,
and urban burdens of paediatric asthma incidence attributable to ambient NO2
pollution: estimates from global datasets, Lancet Planet Health, 3,
e166–e178, https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(19)30046-4, 2019.
Akimoto, H.: Overview of policy actions and observational data for PM2.5 and
O3 in Japan: a study of urban air quality improvement in Asia, JICA-RI
Working Paper, 137, https://www.jica.go.jp/jica-ri/publication/workingpaper/wp_137.html (last access: 26 September 2022), 2017.
A-SKY (International air quality and sky research remote sensing): A-SKY, http://atmos3.cr.chiba-u.jp/a-sky/, last access: 20 September 2021.
Barré, J., Petetin, H., Colette, A., Guevara, M., Peuch, V.-H., Rouil, L., Engelen, R., Inness, A., Flemming, J., Pérez García-Pando, C., Bowdalo, D., Meleux, F., Geels, C., Christensen, J. H., Gauss, M., Benedictow, A., Tsyro, S., Friese, E., Struzewska, J., Kaminski, J. W., Douros, J., Timmermans, R., Robertson, L., Adani, M., Jorba, O., Joly, M., and Kouznetsov, R.: Estimating lockdown-induced European NO2 changes using satellite and surface observations and air quality models, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 7373–7394, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7373-2021, 2021.
Bauwens, M., Compernolle, S., Stavrakou, T., Müller, J.-F., van Gent,
J., Eskes, H., Levelt, P. F., van der A, R., Veefkind, J. P., Vlietinck, J.,
Yu, H., and Zehner, C.: Impact of coronavirus outbreak on NO2 pollution assessed
using TROPOMI and OMI observations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 47,
e2020GL087978, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL087978, 2020.
Beirle, S., Platt, U., Wenig, M., and Wagner, T.: Weekly cycle of NO2 by GOME measurements: a signature of anthropogenic sources, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 2225–2232, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-2225-2003, 2003.
Beirle, S., Borger, C., Dörner, S., Li, A., Hu, Z., Liu, F., Wang, Y.,
and Wagner, T.: Pinpointing nitrogen oxide emissions from space, Sci. Adv.,
5, eaax9800, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax9800, 2019.
Brancher, M.: Increased ozone pollution alongside reduced nitrogen dioxide
concentrations during Vienna's first COVID-19 lockdown: Significance for air
quality management, Environ. Pollut., 284, 117153, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117153, 2021.
Buchard, V., Randles, C.A., Da Silva, A.M., Colarco, P.R., Darmenov, A., Govindaraju, R., Smirnov, A., Hoblen, B., Ferrare, R., Hair, J., Beyersdorf, A. J., Ziemba, L. D., and Yu, H.: The MERRA-2 Aerosol Reanalysis, 1980 Onward. Part II: Evaluation and Case Studies, J. Climate, 30, 6851–6872, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0613.1, 2017.
CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service): CAMS global reanalysis (EAC4), ECMWF [data set], https://www.ecmwf.int/en/forecasts/dataset/cams-global-reanalysis, last access: 9 September 2021.
Cleveland, W. S., Graedel, T. E., Kleiner, B., and Warner, J. L.: Sunday and
workday variations in photochemical air pollutants in New Jersey and New
York, Science, 186, 1037–1038, https://doi.org/10.1080/10473289.2003.10466222, 1974.
Compernolle, S., Verhoelst, T., Pinardi, G., Granville, J., Hubert, D., Keppens, A., Niemeijer, S., Rino, B., Bais, A., Beirle, S., Boersma, F., Burrows, J. P., De Smedt, I., Eskes, H., Goutail, F., Hendrick, F., Lorente, A., Pazmino, A., Piters, A., Peters, E., Pommereau, J.-P., Remmers, J., Richter, A., van Geffen, J., Van Roozendael, M., Wagner, T., and Lambert, J.-C.: Validation of Aura-OMI QA4ECV NO2 climate data records with ground-based DOAS networks: the role of measurement and comparison uncertainties, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 8017–8045, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-8017-2020, 2020.
Cooper, M. J., Martin, R. V., Hammer, M. S., Levelt, P. F., Veefkind, P.,
Lamsal, L. N., Krotkov, N. A., Brook, J. R., and McLinden, C. A.: Global
fine-scale changes in ambient NO2 during COVID-19 lockdowns, Nature, 601,
380–387, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04229-0, 2022.
Damiani, A., Irie, H., Yamaguchi, K., Hoque, H. M. S., Nakayama, T.,
Matsumi, Y., Kondo, Y., and Da Silva, A.: Variabilities in PM2.5 and black
carbon surface concentrations reproduced by aerosol optical properties
estimated by in-situ data, ground based remote sensing and modeling, Remote
Sens., 13, 3163, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163163, 2021.
De Smedt, I., Theys, N., Yu, H., Danckaert, T., Lerot, C., Compernolle, S., Van Roozendael, M., Richter, A., Hilboll, A., Peters, E., Pedergnana, M., Loyola, D., Beirle, S., Wagner, T., Eskes, H., van Geffen, J., Boersma, K. F., and Veefkind, P.: Algorithm theoretical baseline for formaldehyde retrievals from S5P TROPOMI and from the QA4ECV project, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 11, 2395–2426, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-2395-2018, 2018.
De Smedt, I., Pinardi, G., Vigouroux, C., Compernolle, S., Bais, A.,
Benavent, N., Boersma, F., Chan, K.-L., Donner, S., Eichmann, K.-U., Hedelt,
P., Hendrick, F., Irie, H., Kumar, V., Lambert, J.-C., Langerock, B., Lerot,
C., Liu, C., Loyola, D., Piters, A., Richter, A., Rivera Cárdenas, C.,
Romahn, F., Ryan, R. G., Sinha, V., Theys, N., Vlietinck, J., Wagner, T.,
Wang, T., Yu, H., and Van Roozendael, M.: Comparative assessment of TROPOMI
and OMI formaldehyde observations and validation against MAX-DOAS network
column measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 12561–12593,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12561-2021, 2021.
DISC (GES DISC): DISC OMI, NASA [data set], https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/, last access: 30 September 2021.
Duncan, B. N., Yoshida, Y., Olson, J. R., Sillman, S., Martin, R. V.,
Lamsal, L., Hu, Y. T., Pickering, K. E., Retscher, C., Allen, D. J., and
Crawford, J. H.: Application of OMI observations to a space-based indicator
of NOx and VOC controls on surface ozone formation, Atmos. Environ., 44,
2213–2223, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.03.010, 2010.
Fioletov, V., McLinden, C. A., Griffin, D., Krotkov, N., Liu, F., and Eskes, H.: Quantifying urban, industrial, and background changes in NO2 during the COVID-19 lockdown period based on TROPOMI satellite observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 4201–4236, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4201-2022, 2022.
Geddes, J. A., Martin, R. V., Boys, B. L., and van Donkelaar, A.: Long-term trends
worldwide in ambient NO2 concentrations inferred from satellite
observations, Environ. Health Persp., 124, 281–289,
https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409567, 2016.
Georgoulias, A. K., van der A, R. J., Stammes, P., Boersma, K. F., and Eskes, H. J.: Trends and trend reversal detection in 2 decades of tropospheric NO2 satellite observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 6269–6294, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-6269-2019, 2019.
Ghahremanloo, M., Lops, Y., Choi, Y., and Mousavinezhad, S.: Impact of the
COVID-19 outbreak on air pollution levels in East Asia, Sci. Total
Environ., 754, 142226, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142226, 2021.
Gkatzelis, G. I., Gilman, J. B., Brown, S. S., Eskes, H., Gomes, A. R.,
Lange, A. C., McDonald, B. C., Peischl, J., Petzold, A., Thompson, C. R.,
and Kiendler-Scharr, A.: The global impacts of COVID-19 lockdowns on urban
air pollution: A critical review and recommendations, Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, 9, 00176, https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2021.00176, 2021.
Google Mobility (COVID-19 Community Mobility Reports): Community Mobility Reports, Google [data set], https://www.google.com/covid19/mobility/, last access: 20 September 2021.
Guevara, M., Jorba, O., Soret, A., Petetin, H., Bowdalo, D., Serradell, K., Tena, C., Denier van der Gon, H., Kuenen, J., Peuch, V.-H., and Pérez García-Pando, C.: Time-resolved emission reductions for atmospheric chemistry modelling in Europe during the COVID-19 lockdowns, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 773–797, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-773-2021, 2021.
Hamra, G. B., Laden, F., Cohen, A. J., Raaschou-Nielsen, O., Brauer, M.,
and Loomis, D.: Lung Cancer and Exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide and Traffic: A
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, Environ. Health Persp., 123,
11, 1107–1112, https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408882, 2015.
Hönninger, G., von Friedeburg, C., and Platt, U.: Multi axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 4, 231–254, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-4-231-2004, 2004.
Ialongo, I., Virta, H., Eskes, H., Hovila, J., and Douros, J.: Comparison of TROPOMI/Sentinel-5 Precursor NO2 observations with ground-based measurements in Helsinki, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 205–218, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-205-2020, 2020.
IGREEN: IGREEN, NIES [data set], http://www.nies.go.jp/igreen/index.html, last access: 30 September 2021.
Inness, A., Ades, M., Agustí-Panareda, A., Barré, J., Benedictow, A., Blechschmidt, A.-M., Dominguez, J. J., Engelen, R., Eskes, H., Flemming, J., Huijnen, V., Jones, L., Kipling, Z., Massart, S., Parrington, M., Peuch, V.-H., Razinger, M., Remy, S., Schulz, M., and Suttie, M.: The CAMS reanalysis of atmospheric composition, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 3515–3556, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-3515-2019, 2019.
Irie, H., Takashima, H., Kanaya, Y., Boersma, K. F., Gast, L., Wittrock, F., Brunner, D., Zhou, Y., and Van Roozendael, M.: Eight-component retrievals from ground-based MAX-DOAS observations, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 4, 1027–1044, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-4-1027-2011, 2011.
Irie, H., Nakayama, T., Shimizu, A., Yamazaki, A., Nagai, T., Uchiyama, A., Zaizen, Y., Kagamitani, S., and Matsumi, Y.: Evaluation of MAX-DOAS aerosol retrievals by coincident observations using CRDS, lidar, and sky radiometer inTsukuba, Japan, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 8, 2775–2788, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-2775-2015, 2015.
Irie, H., Yonekawa, D., Damiani, A., Hoque, H. M. S., Sudo, K., and
Itahashi, S.: Continuous multi-component MAX-DOAS observations for the
planetary boundary layer ozone variation analysis at Chiba and Tsukuba,
Japan, from 2013 to 2019, Prog. Earth Planet. Sci., 8, 31, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-021-00424-9, 2021.
Itahashi, S., Yamamura, Y., Wang, Z., and Uno, I.: Returning long-range PM2.5
transport into the leeward of East Asia in 2021 after Chinese economic
recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, Sci. Rep.-UK, 12, 5539,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-09388-2, 2022., 2022.
Jin, X., Fiore, A. M., Murray, L. T., Valin, L. C., Lamsal, L. N., Duncan,
B., Boersma, K. F., De Smedt, I., Abad, G. G., Chance, K., and Tonnesen, G.:
Evaluating a space-based indicator of surface ozone-NOx-VOC sensitivity over
midlatitude source regions and application to decadal trends, J. Geophys.
Res., 122, 10439–10461, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD026720, 2017.
Ju, M. J., Oh, J., and Choi, Y. H.: Changes in air pollution levels after
COVID-19 outbreak in Korea, Sci. Total Environ., 750, 141521,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141521, 2021.
Kondo, Y., Sahu, L., Kuwata, M., Miyazaki, Y., Takegawa, N., Moteki, N.,
Imaru, J., Han, S., Nakayama, T., Kim Oanh, N. T., Hu, M., Kim, Y. J., and Kita,
K.: Stabilization of the mass absorption cross section of black carbon for
filter-based absorption photometry by the use of a heated inlet, Aerosol
Sci. Tech., 43, 741–756, 2009.
Kurokawa, J. and Ohara, T.: Long-term historical trends in air pollutant emissions in Asia: Regional Emission inventory in ASia (REAS) version 3, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 12761–12793, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-12761-2020, 2020.
Lamsal, L. N., Krotkov, N. A., Vasilkov, A., Marchenko, S., Qin, W., Yang, E.-S., Fasnacht, Z., Joiner, J., Choi, S., Haffner, D., Swartz, W. H., Fisher, B., and Bucsela, E.: Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) Aura nitrogen dioxide standard product version 4.0 with improved surface and cloud treatments, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 455–479, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-455-2021, 2021.
Laughner, J. L., Neu, J. L., Schimel, D., Wennberg, P. O., Barsanti, K.,
Bowman, K. W., Chatterjee, A., Croes, B. E., Fitzmaurice, H. L., Henze, D.
K., Kim, J., Kort, E. A., Liu, Z., Miyazaki, K., Turner, A. J., Anenberg,
S., Avise, J., Caok, H., Crisp, D., de Gouw, J., Eldering, A., Fyfer, J. C.,
Goldberg, D. L., Gurney, K. R., Hasheminassab, S., Hopkins, F., Iveyd, C.
E., Jones, D., B. A., Liu, J., Lovenduski, N. S., Martin, R. V., McKinley,
G. A., Ott, L., Poultera, B., Ru, M., Sander, S. P., Swart, N., Yung, Y. L.,
Zeng, Z.-C., and the rest of the Keck Institute for Space Studies “COVID-19:
Identifying Unique Opportunities for Earth System Science” study team:
Societal shifts due to COVID-19 reveal large-scale complexities and
feedbacks between atmospheric chemistry and climate change, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 118,
e2109481118, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2109481118, 2021.
Le, T., Wang, Y., Liu, L., Yang, J., Yung, Y. L., Li, G., and Seinfeld, J. H.:
Unexpected air pollution with marked emission reductions during the COVID-19
outbreak in China, Science, 369, 702–706, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abb7431,
2020.
Lee, H.-J., Chang, L.-S., Jaffe, D. A., Bak, J., Liu, X., Abad, G. G., Jo,
H.-Y., Jo, Y.-J., Lee, J.-B., and Kim, C.-H.: Ozone Continues to Increase in
East Asia Despite Decreasing NO2: Causes and Abatements, Remote Sens., 13,
11, 2177, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13112177, 2021.
Levelt, P. F., Stein Zweers, D. C., Aben, I., Bauwens, M., Borsdorff, T., De Smedt, I., Eskes, H. J., Lerot, C., Loyola, D. G., Romahn, F., Stavrakou, T., Theys, N., Van Roozendael, M., Veefkind, J. P., and Verhoelst, T.: Air quality impacts of COVID-19 lockdown measures detected from space using high spatial resolution observations of multiple trace gases from Sentinel-5P/TROPOMI, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 10319–10351, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10319-2022, 2022.
Li, K., Jacob, D. J., Liao, H., Shen, L., Zhang, Q., and Bates, K. H.:
Anthropogenic drivers of 2013–2017 trends in summer surface ozone in China,
P. Natl. Acad. Sci USA, 116, 422–427, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1812168116, 2019.
Liu, F., Beirle, S., Zhang, Q., Dörner, S., He, K., and Wagner, T.: NOx lifetimes and emissions of cities and power plants in polluted background estimated by satellite observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 5283–5298, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-5283-2016, 2016.
Liu, Y., Wang, T., Stavrakou, T., Elguindi, N., Doumbia, T., Granier, C.,
Bouarar, I., Gaubert, B., and Brasseur, G. P.: Diverse response of surface ozone
to COVID-19 lockdown in China, Sci. Total Environ., 789,
147739, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147739, 2021.
Martin, R. V., Fiore, A. M., and Van Donkelaar, A.: Space-based diagnosis of
surface ozone sensitivity to anthropogenic emissions, Geophys. Res. Lett.,
31, L06120, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GL019416, 2004.
Murphy, J. G., Day, D. A., Cleary, P. A., Wooldridge, P. J., Millet, D. B., Goldstein, A. H., and Cohen, R. C.: The weekend effect within and downwind of Sacramento – Part 1: Observations of ozone, nitrogen oxides, and VOC reactivity, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 5327–5339, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-5327-2007, 2007.
Miyazaki, K., Bowman, K., Sekiya, T., Takigawa, M., Neu1, J. L., Sudo, K.,
Osterman, G., and Eskes, H.: Global tropospheric ozone responses to reduced NOx
emissions linked to the COVID-19 worldwide lockdowns, Sci. Adv., 7,
24, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abf7460, 2021.
Nouvellet, P., Bhatia, S., Cori, A., Ainslie, K. E. C., Baguelin, M., Bhatt,
S., Boonyasiri, A., Brazeau, N. F., Cattarino, L., Cooper, L. V., Coupland,
H., Cucunuba, Z. M., Cuomo-Dannenburg, G., Dighe, A., Djaafara, B. A.,
Dorigatti, I., Eales, O. D., van Elsland, S. L., Nascimento, F. F.,
FitzJohn, R. G., Gaythorpe, K. A. M., Geidelberg, L., Green, W. D., Hamlet,
A., Hauck, K., Hinsley, W., Imai, N., Jeffrey, B., Knock, E., Laydon, D. J.,
Lees, J. A., Mangal, T., Mellan, T. A., Nedjati-Gilani, G., Parag, K. V.,
Pons-Salort, M., Ragonnet-Cronin, M., Riley, S., Unwin, H. J. T., Verity,
R., Vollmer, M. A. C., Volz, E., Walker, P. G. T., Walters, C. E., Wang, H.,
Watson, O. J., Whittaker, C., Whittles, L. K., Xi, X., Ferguson, N. M., and
Donnelly, C. A.: Reduction in mobility and COVID-19 transmission,
Nat. Commun., 12, 1090, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21358-2, 2021.
Petetin, H., Thouret, V., Athier, G., Blot, R., Boulanger, D., Cousin,
J.-M., Gaudel, A., Nédélec, P., and Cooper, O.: Diurnal cycle of ozone
throughout the troposphere over Frankfurt as measured by MOZAIC-IAGOS
commercial aircraft, Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, 4, 129, https://doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000129, 2016.
Platt, U. and Stutz, J.: Differential optical absorption spectroscopy,
principles and applications, Springer, XV, 597 pp., 272 illus., 29 in color,
Physics of Earth and Space Environments, ISBN 978-3-540-21193-8, 2008.
Randles, C. A., da Silva, A. M., Buchard, V., Colarco, P. R., Darmenov, A., Govindaraju, R., Smirnov, A., Holben, B., Ferrare, R., Hair, J., Shinozuka, Y., and Flynn, C. J.: The MERRA-2 Aerosol Reanalysis, 1980 Onward. Part I: System Description and Data Assimilation Evaluation. J. Climate, 30, 6823–6850, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0609.1, 2017.
Russell, A. R., Valin, L. C., and Cohen, R. C.: Trends in OMI NO2 observations over the United States: effects of emission control technology and the economic recession, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 12197–12209, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-12197-2012, 2012.
Ryan, R. G., Rhodes, S., Tully, M., and Schofield, R.: Surface ozone exceedances in Melbourne, Australia are shown to be under NOx control, as demonstrated using formaldehyde: NO2 and glyoxal: formaldehyde ratios, Sci. Total Environ., 749, 141460, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141460, 2020.
Sadanaga, Y., Sengen, M., Takenaka, N., and Bandow, H.: Analyses of the Ozone
Weekend Effect in Tokyo, Japan: Regime of Oxidant (O3 + NO2) Production,
Aerosol Air Qual. Res., 12, 161–168,
https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2011.07.0102, 2012.
Schroeder, J. R., Crawford, J. H., Fried, A., Walega, J., Weinheimer, A., Wisthaler, A., Muller, M., Mikovinu, T., Chen, G., and Shook, M.: New insights into the column ratio as an indicator of near‐surface ozone sensitivity, J. Geophys. Res., 122, 8885–8907, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD026781, 2017.
SCIHUB (Copernicus Open Access Hub): Sentinel-5P TROPOMI, Copernicus [data set], https://scihub.copernicus.eu/, last access: 30 September 2021.
Shakil, M. H., Munim, Z. H., Tasnia, M., and Sarowar, S.: COVID-19 and the
environment: A critical review and research agenda, Sci. Total
Environ., 745, 141022, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.Scitotenv.2020.141022,
2020.
Shen, L., Jacob, D. J., Liu, X., Huang, G., Li, K., Liao, H., and Wang, T.: An evaluation of the ability of the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) to observe boundary layer ozone pollution across China: application to 2005–2017 ozone trends, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 6551–6560, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-6551-2019, 2019.
Sicard, P., Paoletti, E., Agathokleous, E., Araminienė, V., Proietti, C.,
Coulibaly, F., and De Marco, A.: Ozone weekend effect in cities: Deep insights
for urban air pollution control, Environ. Res., 191, 110193,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.110193, 2020a.
Sicard, P., De Marco, A., Agathokleous, E., Feng, Z., Xu, X., Paoletti, E.,
Diéguez Rodriguez, J. J., and Calatayud, V.: Amplified ozone pollution in
cities during the COVID-19 lockdown, Sci. Total Environ., 735,
139542, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139542, 2020b.
Sillman, S.: The use of NOy, H2O2, and HNO3 as indicators for Ozone-NOx-Hydrocarbon sensitivity in urban Locations, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 100,
14175–14188, https://doi.org/10.1029/94jd02953, 1995.
SKYNET: SKYNET CEReS Chiba University, SKYNET [data set], http://atmos3.cr.chiba-u.jp/skynet/, last access: 20 September 2021.
Stavrakou, T., Müller, J.-F., Bauwens, M., Boersma, K. F., and van
Geffen, J.: Satellite evidence for changes in the NO2 weekly cycle over
large cities, Sci. Rep.-UK, 10, 10066,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-66891-0, 2020.
Stein, O., Schultz, M. G., Bouarar, I., Clark, H., Huijnen, V., Gaudel, A., George, M., and Clerbaux, C.: On the wintertime low bias of Northern Hemisphere carbon monoxide found in global model simulations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 9295–9316, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-9295-2014, 2014.
Steinbrecht, W., Kubistin, D., Plass-Dülmer, C., Davies, J., Tarasick,
D. W., Gathen, P., Deckelmann, H., Jepsen, N., Kivi, R., Lyall, N., Palm,
M., Notholt, J., Kois, B., Oelsner, P., Allaart, M., Piters, A., Gill, M.,
Van Malderen, R., Delcloo, A. W., Sussmann, R., Mahieu, E., Servais, C.,
Romanens, G., Stübi, R., Ancellet, G., Godin-Beekmann, S., Yamanouchi,
S., Strong, K., Johnson, B., Cullis, P., Petropavlovskikh, I., Hannigan, J.
W., Hernandez, J.-L., Diaz Rodriguez, A., Nakano, T., Chouza, F., Leblanc,
T., Torres, C., Garcia, O., Röhling, A. N., Schneider, M., Blumenstock,
T., Tully, M., Paton-Walsh, C., Jones, N., Querel, R., Strahan, S.,
Stauffer, R. M., Thompson, A. M., Inness, A., Engelen, R., Chang, K.-L., and
Cooper, O. R.: COVID-19 crisis reduces free tropospheric ozone across the
Northern Hemisphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 48, e2020GL091987,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL091987, 2021.
Sugawara, H., Ishidoya, S., Terao, Y., Takane, Y., Kikegawa, Y., and
Nakajima, K.: Anthropogenic CO2 emissions changes in an urban area of Tokyo,
Japan, due to the COVID-19 pandemic: A case study during the state of
emergency in April–May 2020, Geophys. Res. Lett., 48,
e2021GL092600, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL092600, 2021.
Sun, W., Zhu, L., De Smedt, I., Bai, B., Pu, D., Chen, Y., Shu, L., Wang,
D., Fu, T.-M., Wang, X., and Yang, X.: Global significant changes in
formaldehyde (HCHO) columns observed from space at the early stage of the
COVID-19 pandemic, Geophys. Res. Lett., 48, e2020GL091265,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL091265, 2021.
Surl, L., Palmer, P. I., and González Abad, G.: Which processes drive observed variations of HCHO columns over India?, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 4549–4566, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-4549-2018, 2018.
Tan, P.-H., Chou, C., Liang, J.-Y., Chou, C. C.-K., and Shiu, C.-J.: Air
pollution “holiday effect” resulting from the Chinese New Year,
Atmospheric Environment, 43, 2114-2124, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.01.037, 2009.
Takane, Y., Nakajima, K., and Kikegawa, Y.: Urban climate changes during the
COVID-19 pandemic: integration of urban-building-energy model with social
big data, npj Clim. Atmos. Sci., 5, 44, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-022-00268-0, 2022.
Takashima, H., Irie, H., Kanaya, Y., Shimizu, A., Aoki, K., and Akimoto, H.:
Atmospheric aerosol variations at Okinawa Island in Japan observed by
MAX-DOAS using a new cloud screening method, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D18213, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD011939, 2009.
TEMIS (Tropospheric Emission Monitoring Internet Service): TEMIS TROPOMI (TM5-MP-DOMINO), TEMIS [data set], https://www.temis.nl/, last access: 15 September 2021.
van Geffen, J. H. G. M., Eskes, H. J., Boersma, K. F., and Veefkind, J. P.:
TROPOMI ATBD of the total and tropospheric NO2 data products, Report
S5P-KNMI-L2-0005-RP, KNMI, De Bilt, the Netherlands, https://sentinel.esa.int/documents/247904/2476257/Sentinel-5P-TROPOMI-ATBD-NO2-data-products, last access: 23 September 2022.
van Stratum, B. J. H., Vilà-Guerau de Arellano, J., Ouwersloot, H. G., van den Dries, K., van Laar, T. W., Martinez, M., Lelieveld, J., Diesch, J.-M., Drewnick, F., Fischer, H., Hosaynali Beygi, Z., Harder, H., Regelin, E., Sinha, V., Adame, J. A., Sörgel, M., Sander, R., Bozem, H., Song, W., Williams, J., and Yassaa, N.: Case study of the diurnal variability of chemically active species with respect to boundary layer dynamics during DOMINO, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 5329–5341, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-5329-2012, 2012.
Veefkind, J. P., Aben, I., McMullan, K., Förster, H., de Vries, J.,
Otter, G., Claas, J., Eskes, H. J., de Haan, J. F., Kleipool, Q., van Weele,
M., Hasekamp, O., Hoogeveen, R., Landgraf, J., Snel, R., Tol, P., Ingmann,
P., Voors, R., Kruizinga, B., and Vink, R.: TROPOMI on the ESA Sentinel-5
Precursor: A GMES mission for global observations of the atmospheric
composition for climate, air quality and ozone layer applications, Remote
Sens. Environ., 120, 70–83, 2012.
Venter, Z. S., Aunan, K., Chowdhury, S., and Lelieveld, J.: COVID-19 lockdowns
cause global air pollution declines, P. Natl. Acad.
Sci. USA, 117, 18984–18990, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2006853117, 2020.
Verhoelst, T., Compernolle, S., Pinardi, G., Lambert, J.-C., Eskes, H. J., Eichmann, K.-U., Fjæraa, A. M., Granville, J., Niemeijer, S., Cede, A., Tiefengraber, M., Hendrick, F., Pazmiño, A., Bais, A., Bazureau, A., Boersma, K. F., Bognar, K., Dehn, A., Donner, S., Elokhov, A., Gebetsberger, M., Goutail, F., Grutter de la Mora, M., Gruzdev, A., Gratsea, M., Hansen, G. H., Irie, H., Jepsen, N., Kanaya, Y., Karagkiozidis, D., Kivi, R., Kreher, K., Levelt, P. F., Liu, C., Müller, M., Navarro Comas, M., Piters, A. J. M., Pommereau, J.-P., Portafaix, T., Prados-Roman, C., Puentedura, O., Querel, R., Remmers, J., Richter, A., Rimmer, J., Rivera Cárdenas, C., Saavedra de Miguel, L., Sinyakov, V. P., Stremme, W., Strong, K., Van Roozendael, M., Veefkind, J. P., Wagner, T., Wittrock, F., Yela González, M., and Zehner, C.: Ground-based validation of the Copernicus Sentinel-5P TROPOMI NO2 measurements with the NDACC ZSL-DOAS, MAX-DOAS and Pandonia global networks, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 481–510, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-481-2021, 2021.
Vilà-Guerau de Arellano, J., van Heerwaarden, C. C., van Stratum, B. J., and
van den Dries, K.: Atmospheric Boundary Layer: Integrating Chemistry and
Land Interactions, Cambridge University Press, New York, USA, p. 265, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316117422, 2015.
Vohra, K., Marais, E. A., Bloss, W. J., Schwartz, J., Mickley, L. J., Van
Damme, M., Clarisse, L., and Coheur, P. F.: Rapid rise in premature mortality
due to anthropogenic air pollution in fast-growing tropical cities from 2005
to 2018, Sci. Adv., 8, 14, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abm4435, 2022.
WOUDC (World Ozone and Ultraviolet Radiation Data Centre): WOUDC Ozonesonde, WOUDC [data set], https://woudc.org/, last access: 20 September 2021.
Zara, M., Boersma, K. F., Eskes, H., Denier van der Gon, H., Vilà-Guerau
de Arellano, J., Krol, M., van der Swaluw, E., Schuch, W., and Velders, G. J. M.:
Reductions in nitrogen oxides over the Netherlands between 2005 and 2018
observed from space and on the ground: Decreasing emissions and increasing
O3 indicate changing NOx chemistry, Atmos. Environ.-X, 9, 1–12,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2021.100104, 2021.
Ziemke, J. R., Oman, L. D., Strode, S. A., Douglass, A. R., Olsen, M. A., McPeters, R. D., Bhartia, P. K., Froidevaux, L., Labow, G. J., Witte, J. C., Thompson, A. M., Haffner, D. P., Kramarova, N. A., Frith, S. M., Huang, L.-K., Jaross, G. R., Seftor, C. J., Deland, M. T., and Taylor, S. L.: Trends in global tropospheric ozone inferred from a composite record of TOMS/OMI/MLS/OMPS satellite measurements and the MERRA-2 GMI simulation , Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 3257–3269, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-3257-2019, 2019.
Zou, Y., Charlesworth, E., Yin, C. Q., Yan, X. L., Deng, X. J., and Li, F.: The
weekday/weekend ozone differences induced by the emissions change during
summer and autumn in Guangzhou, China, Atmos. Environ., 199,
114–126, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.11.019,
2019.
Short summary
We analyzed the variabilities in tropospheric gases and aerosols within the Greater Tokyo Area, Japan. Beyond highlighting air quality changes caused by the pandemic during the lockdown, we found that the degree of weekly cycling of most gases and aerosols was enhanced during the whole of 2020. The changes were unprecedented in recent years and potentially related to coincident reduced mobility in Japan, which, in contrast to other countries, was anomalously low on weekends in 2020.
We analyzed the variabilities in tropospheric gases and aerosols within the Greater Tokyo Area,...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint