Articles | Volume 17, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-3879-2017
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-3879-2017
Review article
 | 
21 Mar 2017
Review article |  | 21 Mar 2017

Sulfate geoengineering: a review of the factors controlling the needed injection of sulfur dioxide

Daniele Visioni, Giovanni Pitari, and Valentina Aquila

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This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
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Injection strategy – a driver of atmospheric circulation and ozone response to stratospheric aerosol geoengineering
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Interactive stratospheric aerosol models' response to different amounts and altitudes of SO2 injection during the 1991 Pinatubo eruption
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Subject: Aerosols | Research Activity: Atmospheric Modelling and Data Analysis | Altitude Range: Stratosphere | Science Focus: Physics (physical properties and processes)
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Cited articles

Aquila, V., Oman, L. D., Stolarski, R., Douglass, A. R., and Newman, P. A.: The Response of Ozone and Nitrogen Dioxide to the Eruption of Mt. Pinatubo at Southern and Northern Midlatitudes, J. Atmos. Sci., 70, 894–900, 2013.
Aquila, V., Garfinkel, C., Newman, P., Oman, L., and Waugh, D.: Modifications of the quasi-biennial oscillation by a geoengineering perturbation of the stratospheric aerosol layer, Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 1738–1744, 2014a.
Aquila, V., Pitari, G., Tilmes, S., Cionni, I., De Luca, N., Di Genova, G., and Iachetti, D.: Sensitivity of Methane Lifetime and Transport to Sulfate Geoengineering, in: Fall Meeting, AGU, San Francisco, CA, 15–19 December, Abstract GC13I-0787, http://abstractsearch.agu.org/meetings/2014/FM/A23J-3389.html, 2014b.
Budyko, M. I.: The Climate of the Future, American Geophysical Union, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118665251.ch7, 2013.
Canty, T., Mascioli, N. R., Smarte, M. D., and Salawitch, R. J.: An empirical model of global climate – Part 1: A critical evaluation of volcanic cooling, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 3997–4031, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-3997-2013, 2013.
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Short summary
This review paper summarizes the state-of-the-art knowledge of the direct and indirect side effects of sulfate geoengineering, that is, the injection of sulfur dioxide into the stratosphere in order to offset the warming caused by the anthropic increase in greenhouse gasses. An overview of the various effects and their uncertainties, using results from published scientific articles, may help fine-tune the best amount of sulfate to be injected in an eventual realization of the experiment.
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