Articles | Volume 10, issue 24
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-12091-2010
© Author(s) 2010. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-12091-2010
© Author(s) 2010. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
20 Dec 2010
Global ozone monitoring by occultation of stars: an overview of GOMOS measurements on ENVISAT
J. L. Bertaux
LATMOS-IPSL, CNRS/INSU, UMR 8190, Univ. Versailles St-Quentin, Guyancourt, 78280, France
E. Kyrölä
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Earth Observation, Helsinki, Finland
D. Fussen
Institut d'Aeronomie Spatiale de Belgique, Brussels, Belgium
A. Hauchecorne
LATMOS-IPSL, CNRS/INSU, UMR 8190, Univ. Versailles St-Quentin, Guyancourt, 78280, France
F. Dalaudier
LATMOS-IPSL, CNRS/INSU, UMR 8190, Univ. Versailles St-Quentin, Guyancourt, 78280, France
V. Sofieva
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Earth Observation, Helsinki, Finland
J. Tamminen
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Earth Observation, Helsinki, Finland
F. Vanhellemont
Institut d'Aeronomie Spatiale de Belgique, Brussels, Belgium
O. Fanton d'Andon
ACRI-st, Sophia-Antipolis, France
G. Barrot
ACRI-st, Sophia-Antipolis, France
A. Mangin
ACRI-st, Sophia-Antipolis, France
L. Blanot
ACRI-st, Sophia-Antipolis, France
J. C. Lebrun
LATMOS-IPSL, CNRS/INSU, UMR 8190, Univ. Versailles St-Quentin, Guyancourt, 78280, France
K. Pérot
LATMOS-IPSL, CNRS/INSU, UMR 8190, Univ. Versailles St-Quentin, Guyancourt, 78280, France
T. Fehr
ESA, Esrin, Frascati, Italy
L. Saavedra
IDEAS, Serco, Frascati, Italy
G. W. Leppelmeier
Finnish Meteorological Institute, Earth Observation, Helsinki, Finland
R. Fraisse
EADS-Astrium, Toulouse, France
Related subject area
Subject: Gases | Research Activity: Remote Sensing | Altitude Range: Stratosphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
Ozone anomalies over the polar regions during stratospheric warming events
No severe ozone depletion in the tropical stratosphere in recent decades
The Antarctic stratospheric nitrogen hole: Southern Hemisphere and Antarctic springtime total nitrogen dioxide and total ozone variability as observed by Sentinel-5p TROPOMI
Solar FTIR measurements of NOx vertical distributions – Part 1: First observational evidence of a seasonal variation in the diurnal increasing rates of stratospheric NO2 and NO
Emissions of Methane from Coal, Thermal power plants and Wetlands and its implications on Atmospheric Methane across the South Asian Region
Trends in polar ozone loss since 1989: potential sign of recovery in the Arctic ozone column
Climatology, sources, and transport characteristics of observed water vapor extrema in the lower stratosphere
Impact of chlorine ion chemistry on ozone loss in the middle atmosphere during very large solar proton events
Total ozone variability and trends over the South Pole during the wintertime
Inferring the photolysis rate of NO2 in the stratosphere based on satellite observations
Technical note: On HALOE stratospheric water vapor variations and trends at Boulder, Colorado
Microwave radiometer observations of the ozone diurnal cycle and its short-term variability over Switzerland
Observed changes in stratospheric circulation: decreasing lifetime of N2O, 2005–2021
Water vapour and ozone in the upper troposphere–lower stratosphere: global climatologies from three Canadian limb-viewing instruments
Updated trends of the stratospheric ozone vertical distribution in the 60° S–60° N latitude range based on the LOTUS regression model
Polar stratospheric nitric acid depletion surveyed from a decadal dataset of IASI total columns
Global total ozone recovery trends attributed to ozone-depleting substance (ODS) changes derived from five merged ozone datasets
Global, regional and seasonal analysis of total ozone trends derived from the 1995–2020 GTO-ECV climate data record
Upper stratospheric ClO and HOCl trends (2005–2020): Aura Microwave Limb Sounder and model results
Challenge of modelling GLORIA observations of upper troposphere–lowermost stratosphere trace gas and cloud distributions at high latitudes: a case study with state-of-the-art models
A single-peak-structured solar cycle signal in stratospheric ozone based on Microwave Limb Sounder observations and model simulations
OClO as observed by TROPOMI: a comparison with meteorological parameters and polar stratospheric cloud observations
The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding global climatology of BrONO2 2002–2012: a test for stratospheric bromine chemistry
Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) observations of biomass burning products in the stratosphere from Canadian forest fires in August 2017
Exceptional loss in ozone in the Arctic winter/spring of 2019/2020
Fifty years of balloon-borne ozone profile measurements at Uccle, Belgium: a short history, the scientific relevance, and the achievements in understanding the vertical ozone distribution
On the use of satellite observations to fill gaps in the Halley station total ozone record
Pollution trace gases C2H6, C2H2, HCOOH, and PAN in the North Atlantic UTLS: observations and simulations
Measurement report: regional trends of stratospheric ozone evaluated using the MErged GRIdded Dataset of Ozone Profiles (MEGRIDOP)
Indicators of Antarctic ozone depletion: 1979 to 2019
Observational evidence of energetic particle precipitation NOx (EPP-NOx) interaction with chlorine curbing Antarctic ozone loss
Total column ozone in New Zealand and in the UK in the 1950s
Study of the dependence of long-term stratospheric ozone trends on local solar time
Technical note: LIMS observations of lower stratospheric ozone in the southern polar springtime of 1978
Chlorine partitioning near the polar vortex edge observed with ground-based FTIR and satellites at Syowa Station, Antarctica, in 2007 and 2011
Is the recovery of stratospheric O3 speeding up in the Southern Hemisphere? An evaluation from the first IASI decadal record (2008–2017)
Nitrification of the lowermost stratosphere during the exceptionally cold Arctic winter 2015–2016
Improved FTIR retrieval strategy for HCFC-22 (CHClF2), comparisons with in situ and satellite datasets with the support of models, and determination of its long-term trend above Jungfraujoch
A study on harmonizing total ozone assimilation with multiple sensors
Unusual chlorine partitioning in the 2015/16 Arctic winter lowermost stratosphere: observations and simulations
Dynamically controlled ozone decline in the tropical mid-stratosphere observed by SCIAMACHY
Stratospheric ozone loss in the Arctic winters between 2005 and 2013 derived with ACE-FTS measurements
Space–time variability in UTLS chemical distribution in the Asian summer monsoon viewed by limb and nadir satellite sensors
Using satellite measurements of N2O to remove dynamical variability from HCl measurements
Middle atmospheric ozone, nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen trioxide in 2002–2011: SD-WACCM simulations compared to GOMOS observations
The Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC): history, status and perspectives
Spatio-temporal variations of nitric acid total columns from 9 years of IASI measurements – a driver study
Diurnal variation in middle-atmospheric ozone observed by ground-based microwave radiometry at Ny-Ålesund over 1 year
Total ozone trends from 1979 to 2016 derived from five merged observational datasets – the emergence into ozone recovery
The impact of nonuniform sampling on stratospheric ozone trends derived from occultation instruments
Guochun Shi, Witali Krochin, Eric Sauvageat, and Gunter Stober
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10187–10207, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10187-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10187-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Here we investigated ozone anomalies over polar regions during sudden stratospheric and final stratospheric warming with ground-based microwave radiometers at polar latitudes compared with reanalysis and satellite data. The underlying dynamical and chemical mechanisms are responsible for the observed ozone anomalies in both events. Our research sheds light on these processes, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of these processes for more accurate climate modeling and forecasting.
Jayanarayanan Kuttippurath, Gopalakrishna Pillai Gopikrishnan, Rolf Müller, Sophie Godin-Beekmann, and Jerome Brioude
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6743–6756, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6743-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6743-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The current understanding and observational evidence do not provide any support for the possibility of an ozone hole occurring outside Antarctica today with respect to the present-day stratospheric halogen levels.
Adrianus de Laat, Jos van Geffen, Piet Stammes, Ronald van der A, Henk Eskes, and J. Pepijn Veefkind
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4511–4535, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4511-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4511-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Removal of stratospheric nitrogen oxides is crucial for the formation of the ozone hole. TROPOMI satellite measurements of nitrogen dioxide reveal the presence of a not dissimilar "nitrogen hole" that largely coincides with the ozone hole. Three very distinct regimes were identified: inside and outside the ozone hole and the transition zone in between. Our results introduce a valuable and innovative application highly relevant for Antarctic ozone hole and ozone layer recovery.
Pinchas Nürnberg, Markus Rettinger, and Ralf Sussmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3743–3757, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3743-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3743-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
For a better understanding of stratospheric photochemistry, we analyzed long-term data from spectroscopic measurements at Zugspitze and Garmisch, Germany. We provide information about the seasonal cycle of diurnal nitrogen oxide variation in the stratosphere. For the first time we create an experimental data set to validate stratospheric model simulation that can improve satellite validation to gain further insights into ozone depletion and smog prevention.
Mahalakshmi D.Venkata, Mahesh Pathakoti, A. Lakshmi Kanchana, Sujatha Peethani, Ibrahim Shaik, Krishnan Sundara Rajan, Vijay Kumar Sagar, Pushpanathan Raja, Yogesh Kumar Tiwari, and Chauhan Prakash
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-405, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-405, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The present study investigated the variability of CH4 over coal fields, power plants, and wetlands using the long-term GOSAT and TROPOMI data. Interestingly noticed a slow growth rate of CH4 over the second-largest wetland areas of India. The Sundarbans wetland growth rate competes with coal sites with the production of over 30 MT. Further mapped CH4 concentrations against the emissions in the Agro-climatic zones and found a statistically high correlation in the Indo-Gangetic Plain regions.
Andrea Pazmiño, Florence Goutail, Sophie Godin-Beekmann, Alain Hauchecorne, Jean-Pierre Pommereau, Martyn P. Chipperfield, Wuhu Feng, Franck Lefèvre, Audrey Lecouffe, Michel Van Roozendael, Nis Jepsen, Georg Hansen, Rigel Kivi, Kimberly Strong, and Kaley A. Walker
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15655–15670, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15655-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15655-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The vortex-averaged ozone loss over the last 3 decades is evaluated for both polar regions using the passive ozone tracer of the chemical transport model TOMCAT/SLIMCAT and total ozone observations from the SAOZ network and MSR2 reanalysis. Three metrics were developed to compute ozone trends since 2000. The study confirms the ozone recovery in the Antarctic and shows a potential sign of quantitative detection of ozone recovery in the Arctic that needs to be robustly confirmed in the future.
Emily N. Tinney and Cameron R. Homeyer
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14375–14392, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14375-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14375-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A long-term record of satellite observations is used to study extreme water vapor concentrations in the lower stratosphere, which are important to climate variability and change. We use a deeper layer of stratospheric observations than prior work to more comprehensively identify these events. We show that extreme water vapor concentrations are frequent, especially in the lowest layers of the stratosphere that have not been analyzed previously.
Monali Borthakur, Miriam Sinnhuber, Alexandra Laeng, Thomas Reddmann, Peter Braesicke, Gabriele Stiller, Thomas von Clarmann, Bernd Funke, Ilya Usoskin, Jan Maik Wissing, and Olesya Yakovchuk
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12985–13013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12985-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12985-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Reduced ozone levels resulting from ozone depletion mean more exposure to UV radiation, which has various effects on human health. We analysed solar events to see what influence it has on the chemistry of Earth's atmosphere and how this atmospheric chemistry change can affect the ozone. To do this, we used an atmospheric model considering only chemistry and compared it with satellite data. The focus was mainly on the contribution of chlorine, and we found about 10 %–20 % ozone loss due to that.
Vitali Fioletov, Xiaoyi Zhao, Ihab Abboud, Michael Brohart, Akira Ogyu, Reno Sit, Sum Chi Lee, Irina Petropavlovskikh, Koji Miyagawa, Bryan J. Johnson, Patrick Cullis, John Booth, Glen McConville, and C. Thomas McElroy
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12731–12751, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12731-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12731-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Stratospheric ozone within the Southern Hemisphere springtime polar vortex has been a subject of intense research since the discovery of the Antarctic ozone hole. The wintertime ozone in the vortex is less studied. We show that the recent wintertime ozone values over the South Pole were about 12 % below the pre-1980s level; i.e., the decline there was nearly twice as large as that over southern midlatitudes. Thus, wintertime ozone there can be used as an indicator of the ozone layer state.
Jian Guan, Susan Solomon, Sasha Madronich, and Douglas Kinnison
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10413–10422, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10413-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10413-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper provides a novel method to obtain a global and accurate photodissociation coefficient for NO2 (J(NO2)) based on satellite data, and the results are shown to be consistent with model results. The J(NO2) value decreases as the solar zenith angle increases and has a weak altitude dependence. A key finding is that the satellite-derived J(NO2) increases in the polar regions, in good agreement with model predictions, due to the effects of ice and snow on surface albedo.
Ellis Remsberg
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9637–9646, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9637-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9637-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study compares analysis of trends in stratospheric water vapor from the Halogen Occultation Experiment satellite instrument with those from local frost-point hygrometers (FPHs) at 30 and 50 hPa over Boulder, Colorado (40°N), for 1993 to 2005. The FPH measurements are assumed correct. However, the seasonal sampling by HALOE is marginal from 2002 to 2005, such that its trends have a bias after 2001. Trend comparisons for 1993 to 2002 at 30 hPa agree within the uncertainties of both datasets.
Eric Sauvageat, Klemens Hocke, Eliane Maillard Barras, Shengyi Hou, Quentin Errera, Alexander Haefele, and Axel Murk
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7321–7345, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7321-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7321-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In Switzerland, two microwave radiometers can measure continuous ozone profiles in the middle atmosphere. From these instruments, we can study the diurnal variation of ozone, which is difficult to observe otherwise. It is valuable to validate the model simulations of diurnal variations in this region. We present results obtained during the last decade and compare them against various models. For the first time, we also show that the winter diurnal variations have some short-term fluctuations.
Michael J. Prather, Lucien Froidevaux, and Nathaniel J. Livesey
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 843–849, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-843-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-843-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
From satellite data for nitrous oxide (N2O), ozone and temperature, we calculate the monthly loss of N2O and find it is increasing faster than expected, resulting in a shorter lifetime, which reduces the impact of anthropogenic emissions. We identify the cause as enhanced vertical lofting of high-N2O air into the tropical middle stratosphere, where it is destroyed photochemically. Because global warming is due in part to N2O, this finding presents a new negative climate-chemistry feedback.
Paul S. Jeffery, Kaley A. Walker, Chris E. Sioris, Chris D. Boone, Doug Degenstein, Gloria L. Manney, C. Thomas McElroy, Luis Millán, David A. Plummer, Niall J. Ryan, Patrick E. Sheese, and Jiansheng Zou
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 14709–14734, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14709-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14709-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The upper troposphere–lower stratosphere is one of the most variable regions in the atmosphere. To improve our understanding of water vapour and ozone concentrations in this region, climatologies have been developed from 14 years of measurements from three Canadian satellite instruments. Horizontal and vertical coordinates have been chosen to minimize the effects of variability. To aid in analysis, model simulations have been used to characterize differences between instrument climatologies.
Sophie Godin-Beekmann, Niramson Azouz, Viktoria F. Sofieva, Daan Hubert, Irina Petropavlovskikh, Peter Effertz, Gérard Ancellet, Doug A. Degenstein, Daniel Zawada, Lucien Froidevaux, Stacey Frith, Jeannette Wild, Sean Davis, Wolfgang Steinbrecht, Thierry Leblanc, Richard Querel, Kleareti Tourpali, Robert Damadeo, Eliane Maillard Barras, René Stübi, Corinne Vigouroux, Carlo Arosio, Gerald Nedoluha, Ian Boyd, Roeland Van Malderen, Emmanuel Mahieu, Dan Smale, and Ralf Sussmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 11657–11673, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11657-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11657-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
An updated evaluation up to 2020 of stratospheric ozone profile long-term trends at extrapolar latitudes based on satellite and ground-based records is presented. Ozone increase in the upper stratosphere is confirmed, with significant trends at most latitudes. In this altitude region, a very good agreement is found with trends derived from chemistry–climate model simulations. Observed and modelled trends diverge in the lower stratosphere, but the differences are non-significant.
Catherine Wespes, Gaetane Ronsmans, Lieven Clarisse, Susan Solomon, Daniel Hurtmans, Cathy Clerbaux, and Pierre-François Coheur
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 10993–11007, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10993-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10993-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The first 10-year data record (2008–2017) of HNO3 total columns measured by the IASI-A/MetOp infrared sounder is exploited to monitor the relationship between the temperature decrease and the HNO3 loss observed each year in the Antarctic stratosphere during the polar night. We verify the recurrence of specific regimes in the cycle of IASI HNO3 and identify the day and the 50 hPa temperature (
drop temperature) corresponding to the onset of denitrification in Antarctic winter for each year.
Mark Weber, Carlo Arosio, Melanie Coldewey-Egbers, Vitali E. Fioletov, Stacey M. Frith, Jeannette D. Wild, Kleareti Tourpali, John P. Burrows, and Diego Loyola
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 6843–6859, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6843-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6843-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term trends in column ozone have been determined from five merged total ozone datasets spanning the period 1978–2020. We show that ozone recovery due to the decline in stratospheric halogens after the 1990s (as regulated by the Montreal Protocol) is evident outside the tropical region and amounts to half a percent per decade. The ozone recovery in the Northern Hemisphere is however compensated for by the negative long-term trend contribution from atmospheric dynamics since the year 2000.
Melanie Coldewey-Egbers, Diego G. Loyola, Christophe Lerot, and Michel Van Roozendael
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 6861–6878, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6861-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6861-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Monitoring the long-term evolution of ozone and the evaluation of trends is essential to assess the efficacy of the Montreal Protocol and its amendments. The first signs of recovery as a consequence of decreasing amounts of ozone-depleting substances have been reported, but the impact needs to be investigated in more detail. In the Southern Hemisphere significant positive trends were found, but in the Northern Hemisphere the expected increase is still not yet visible.
Lucien Froidevaux, Douglas E. Kinnison, Michelle L. Santee, Luis F. Millán, Nathaniel J. Livesey, William G. Read, Charles G. Bardeen, John J. Orlando, and Ryan A. Fuller
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 4779–4799, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4779-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4779-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We analyze satellite-derived distributions of chlorine monoxide (ClO) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl) in the upper atmosphere. For 2005–2020, from 50°S to 50°N and over ~30 to 45 km, ClO and HOCl decreased by −0.7 % and −0.4 % per year, respectively. A detailed model of chemistry and dynamics agrees with the results. These decreases confirm the effectiveness of the 1987 Montreal Protocol, which limited emissions of chlorine- and bromine-containing source gases, in order to protect the ozone layer.
Florian Haenel, Wolfgang Woiwode, Jennifer Buchmüller, Felix Friedl-Vallon, Michael Höpfner, Sören Johansson, Farahnaz Khosrawi, Oliver Kirner, Anne Kleinert, Hermann Oelhaf, Johannes Orphal, Roland Ruhnke, Björn-Martin Sinnhuber, Jörn Ungermann, Michael Weimer, and Peter Braesicke
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 2843–2870, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-2843-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-2843-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We compare remote sensing observations of H2O, O3, HNO3 and clouds in the upper troposphere–lowermost stratosphere during an Arctic winter long-range research flight with simulations by two different state-of-the-art model systems. We find good agreement for dynamical structures, trace gas distributions and clouds. We investigate model biases and sensitivities, with the goal of aiding model development and improving our understanding of processes in the upper troposphere–lowermost stratosphere.
Sandip S. Dhomse, Martyn P. Chipperfield, Wuhu Feng, Ryan Hossaini, Graham W. Mann, Michelle L. Santee, and Mark Weber
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 903–916, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-903-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-903-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Solar flux variations associated with 11-year sunspot cycle is believed to exert important external climate forcing. As largest variations occur at shorter wavelengths such as ultra-violet part of the solar spectrum, associated changes in stratospheric ozone are thought to provide direct evidence for solar climate interaction. Until now, most of the studies reported double-peak structured solar cycle signal (SCS), but relatively new satellite data suggest only single-peak-structured SCS.
Jānis Puķīte, Christian Borger, Steffen Dörner, Myojeong Gu, and Thomas Wagner
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 245–272, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-245-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-245-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Chlorine dioxide (OClO) is an indicator for chlorine activation. New OClO data by TROPOMI (S5P) are interpreted in a meteorological context and related to CALIOP PSC observations. We report very high OClO levels for the northern hemispheric winter 2019/20 with an extraordinarily long period with a stable polar vortex. A minor stratospheric warming in the Southern Hemisphere was also observed in September 2019, where usual OClO values rapidly deactivated 1–2 weeks earlier.
Michael Höpfner, Oliver Kirner, Gerald Wetzel, Björn-Martin Sinnhuber, Florian Haenel, Sören Johansson, Johannes Orphal, Roland Ruhnke, Gabriele Stiller, and Thomas von Clarmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 18433–18464, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-18433-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-18433-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
BrONO2 is an important reservoir gas for inorganic stratospheric bromine linked to the chemical cycles of stratospheric ozone depletion. Presently infrared limb sounding is the only way to measure BrONO2 in the atmosphere. We provide global distributions of BrONO2 derived from MIPAS observations 2002–2012. Comparisons with EMAC atmospheric modelling show an overall agreement and enable us to derive an independent estimate of stratospheric bromine of 21.2±1.4pptv based on the BrONO2 measurements.
Hugh C. Pumphrey, Michael J. Schwartz, Michelle L. Santee, George P. Kablick III, Michael D. Fromm, and Nathaniel J. Livesey
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16645–16659, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16645-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16645-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Forest fires in British Columbia in August 2017 caused an unusual phenomonon: smoke and gases from the fires rose quickly to a height of 10 km. From there, the pollution continued to rise more slowly for many weeks, travelling around the world as it did so. In this paper, we describe how we used data from a satellite instrument to observe this polluted volume of air. The satellite has now been working for 16 years but has observed only three events of this type.
Jayanarayanan Kuttippurath, Wuhu Feng, Rolf Müller, Pankaj Kumar, Sarath Raj, Gopalakrishna Pillai Gopikrishnan, and Raina Roy
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 14019–14037, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14019-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14019-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The Arctic winter/spring 2020 was one of the coldest with a strong and long-lasting vortex, high chlorine activation, severe denitrification, and unprecedented ozone loss. The loss was even equal to the levels of some of the warm Antarctic winters. Total column ozone values below 220 DU for several weeks and ozone loss saturation were observed during the period. These results show an unusual meteorology and warrant dedicated studies on the impact of climate change on ozone loss.
Roeland Van Malderen, Dirk De Muer, Hugo De Backer, Deniz Poyraz, Willem W. Verstraeten, Veerle De Bock, Andy W. Delcloo, Alexander Mangold, Quentin Laffineur, Marc Allaart, Frans Fierens, and Valérie Thouret
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 12385–12411, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12385-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12385-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The main aim of initiating measurements of the vertical distribution of the ozone concentration by means of ozonesondes attached to weather balloons at Uccle in 1969 was to improve weather forecasts. Since then, this measurement technique has barely changed, but the dense, long-term, and homogeneous Uccle dataset currently remains crucial for studying the temporal evolution of ozone from the surface to the stratosphere and is also the backbone of the validation of satellite ozone retrievals.
Lily N. Zhang, Susan Solomon, Kane A. Stone, Jonathan D. Shanklin, Joshua D. Eveson, Steve Colwell, John P. Burrows, Mark Weber, Pieternel F. Levelt, Natalya A. Kramarova, and David P. Haffner
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 9829–9838, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9829-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9829-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In the 1980s, measurements at the British Antarctic Survey station in Halley, Antarctica, led to the discovery of the ozone hole. The Halley total ozone record continues to be uniquely valuable for studies of long-term changes in Antarctic ozone. Environmental conditions in 2017 forced a temporary cessation of operations, leading to a gap in the historic record. We develop and test a method for filling in the Halley record using satellite data and find evidence to further support ozone recovery.
Gerald Wetzel, Felix Friedl-Vallon, Norbert Glatthor, Jens-Uwe Grooß, Thomas Gulde, Michael Höpfner, Sören Johansson, Farahnaz Khosrawi, Oliver Kirner, Anne Kleinert, Erik Kretschmer, Guido Maucher, Hans Nordmeyer, Hermann Oelhaf, Johannes Orphal, Christof Piesch, Björn-Martin Sinnhuber, Jörn Ungermann, and Bärbel Vogel
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 8213–8232, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8213-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8213-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Measurements of the pollutants C2H6, C2H2, HCOOH, and PAN were performed in the North Atlantic UTLS region with the airborne limb imager GLORIA in 2017. Enhanced amounts of these species were detected in the upper troposphere and even in the lowermost stratosphere (PAN). Main sources of these gases are forest fires in North America and anthropogenic pollution in South Asia. Simulations of EMAC and CAMS are qualitatively able to reproduce the measured data but underestimate the absolute amounts.
Viktoria F. Sofieva, Monika Szeląg, Johanna Tamminen, Erkki Kyrölä, Doug Degenstein, Chris Roth, Daniel Zawada, Alexei Rozanov, Carlo Arosio, John P. Burrows, Mark Weber, Alexandra Laeng, Gabriele P. Stiller, Thomas von Clarmann, Lucien Froidevaux, Nathaniel Livesey, Michel van Roozendael, and Christian Retscher
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 6707–6720, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6707-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6707-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The MErged GRIdded Dataset of Ozone Profiles is a long-term (2001–2018) stratospheric ozone profile climate data record with resolved longitudinal structure that combines the data from six limb satellite instruments. The dataset can be used for various analyses, some of which are discussed in the paper. In particular, regionally and vertically resolved ozone trends are evaluated, including trends in the polar regions.
Greg E. Bodeker and Stefanie Kremser
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 5289–5300, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5289-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5289-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents measures of the severity of the Antarctic ozone hole covering the period 1979 to 2019. The paper shows that while the severity of Antarctic ozone depletion grew rapidly through the last two decades of the 20th century, the severity declined thereafter and faster than expected from declines in stratospheric concentrations of the chlorine- and bromine-containing chemical compounds that destroy ozone.
Emily M. Gordon, Annika Seppälä, Bernd Funke, Johanna Tamminen, and Kaley A. Walker
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 2819–2836, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2819-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2819-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Energetic particle precipitation (EPP) is the rain of solar energetic particles into the Earth's atmosphere. EPP is known to deplete O3 in the polar mesosphere–upper stratosphere via the formation of NOx. NOx also causes chlorine deactivation in the lower stratosphere and has, thus, been proposed to potentially result in reduced ozone depletion in the spring. We provide the first evidence to show that NOx formed by EPP is able to remove active chlorine, resulting in enhanced total ozone column.
Stefan Brönnimann and Sylvia Nichol
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 14333–14346, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-14333-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-14333-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Historical column ozone data from New Zealand and the UK from the 1950s are digitised and re-evaluated. They allow studying the ozone layer prior to the era of ozone depletion. Day-to-day changes are addressed, which reflect the flow near the tropopause and hence may serve as a diagnostic for atmospheric circulation in a time and region of sparse radiosondes. A long-term comparison shows the amount of ozone depletion at southern mid-latitudes and indicates how far we are from full recovery.
Eliane Maillard Barras, Alexander Haefele, Liliane Nguyen, Fiona Tummon, William T. Ball, Eugene V. Rozanov, Rolf Rüfenacht, Klemens Hocke, Leonie Bernet, Niklaus Kämpfer, Gerald Nedoluha, and Ian Boyd
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 8453–8471, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-8453-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-8453-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
To determine the part of the variability of the long-term ozone profile trends coming from measurement timing, we estimate microwave radiometer trends for each hour of the day with a multiple linear regression model. The variation in the trend with local solar time is not significant at the 95 % confidence level either in the stratosphere or in the low mesosphere. We conclude that systematic sampling differences between instruments cannot explain significant differences in trend estimates.
Ellis Remsberg, V. Lynn Harvey, Arlin Krueger, Larry Gordley, John C. Gille, and James M. Russell III
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 3663–3668, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-3663-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-3663-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Nimbus 7 limb infrared monitor of the stratosphere (LIMS) instrument operated from October 25, 1978, through May 28, 1979. This note focuses on the lower stratosphere of the southern hemisphere, subpolar regions in relation to the position of the polar vortex. Both LIMS ozone and nitric acid show reductions within the edge of the polar vortex at 46 hPa near 60° S from late October through mid-November 1978, indicating that there was a chemical loss of Antarctic ozone some weeks earlier.
Hideaki Nakajima, Isao Murata, Yoshihiro Nagahama, Hideharu Akiyoshi, Kosuke Saeki, Takeshi Kinase, Masanori Takeda, Yoshihiro Tomikawa, Eric Dupuy, and Nicholas B. Jones
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 1043–1074, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1043-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1043-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents temporal evolution of stratospheric chlorine and minor species related to Antarctic ozone depletion, based on FTIR measurements at Syowa Station, and satellite measurements by MLS and MIPAS in 2007 and 2011. After chlorine reservoir species were processed on PSCs and active ClO was formed, different chlorine deactivation pathways into reservoir species were identified, depending on the relative location of Syowa Station to the polar vortex boundary.
Catherine Wespes, Daniel Hurtmans, Simon Chabrillat, Gaétane Ronsmans, Cathy Clerbaux, and Pierre-François Coheur
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 14031–14056, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14031-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14031-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This paper highlights the global fingerprint of recent changes in O3 in both the middle–upper and lower stratosphere from the first 10 years of the IASI/Metop-A satellite measurements. The results present the first detection of a significant O3 recovery at middle–high latitudes in winter–spring in the stratosphere as well as in the total column from one single dataset. They also show a speeding up in the recovery at high southern latitudes contrasting with a decline at northern mid-latitudes.
Marleen Braun, Jens-Uwe Grooß, Wolfgang Woiwode, Sören Johansson, Michael Höpfner, Felix Friedl-Vallon, Hermann Oelhaf, Peter Preusse, Jörn Ungermann, Björn-Martin Sinnhuber, Helmut Ziereis, and Peter Braesicke
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 13681–13699, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-13681-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-13681-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We analyse nitrification of the LMS in the Arctic winter 2015–2016 based on GLORIA measurements. Vertical cross sections of HNO3 for several flights show complex fine–scale structures and enhanced values down to 9 km. The extent of overall nitrification is quantified based on HNO3–O3 correlations and reaches between 5 ppbv and 7 ppbv at potential temperature levels between 350 and 380 K. Further, we compare our result with the atmospheric model CLaMS.
Maxime Prignon, Simon Chabrillat, Daniele Minganti, Simon O'Doherty, Christian Servais, Gabriele Stiller, Geoffrey C. Toon, Martin K. Vollmer, and Emmanuel Mahieu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 12309–12324, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12309-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12309-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) are the first, but temporary, substitution products for the strong ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). In this work, we present and validate an improved method to retrieve the most abundant HCFC in the atmosphere, allowing its evolution to be monitored independently in the troposphere and stratosphere. These kinds of contributions are fundamental for scrutinizing the fulfilment of the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer.
Yves J. Rochon, Michael Sitwell, and Young-Min Cho
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 9431–9451, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-9431-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-9431-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This paper describes adaptable methodologies and results of bias correction applied for the assimilation of total column ozone data from different satellite instruments. The results demonstrate the capability of ensuring short-term forecast biases of total column ozone to be typically within 1 % of a reference for latitudinal ranges where measurements are available. The bias estimation and correction software can be utilized for measurements of other constituents.
Sören Johansson, Michelle L. Santee, Jens-Uwe Grooß, Michael Höpfner, Marleen Braun, Felix Friedl-Vallon, Farahnaz Khosrawi, Oliver Kirner, Erik Kretschmer, Hermann Oelhaf, Johannes Orphal, Björn-Martin Sinnhuber, Ines Tritscher, Jörn Ungermann, Kaley A. Walker, and Wolfgang Woiwode
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 8311–8338, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-8311-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-8311-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We present a study based on GLORIA aircraft and MLS/ACE-FTS/CALIOP satellite measurements during the Arctic winter 2015/16, which demonstrate (for the Arctic) unusual chlorine deactivation into HCl instead of ClONO2 due to low ozone abundances in the lowermost stratosphere, with a focus at 380 K potential temperature. The atmospheric models CLaMS and EMAC are evaluated, and measured ClONO2 is linked with transport and in situ deactivation in the lowermost stratosphere.
Evgenia Galytska, Alexey Rozanov, Martyn P. Chipperfield, Sandip. S. Dhomse, Mark Weber, Carlo Arosio, Wuhu Feng, and John P. Burrows
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 767–783, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-767-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-767-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we analysed ozone changes in the tropical mid-stratosphere as observed by the SCIAMACHY instrument during 2004–2012. We used simulations from TOMCAT model with different chemical and dynamical forcings to reveal primary causes of ozone changes. We also considered measured NO2 and modelled NOx, NOx, and N2O data. With modelled AoA data we identified seasonal changes in the upwelling speed and explained how those changes affect N2O chemistry which leads to observed ozone changes.
Debora Griffin, Kaley A. Walker, Ingo Wohltmann, Sandip S. Dhomse, Markus Rex, Martyn P. Chipperfield, Wuhu Feng, Gloria L. Manney, Jane Liu, and David Tarasick
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 577–601, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-577-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-577-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Ozone in the stratosphere is important to protect the Earth from UV radiation. Using measurements taken by the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment satellite between 2005 and 2013, we examine different methods to calculate the ozone loss in the high Arctic and establish the altitude at which most of the ozone is destroyed. Our results show that the different methods agree within the uncertainties. Recommendations are made on which methods are most appropriate to use.
Jiali Luo, Laura L. Pan, Shawn B. Honomichl, John W. Bergman, William J. Randel, Gene Francis, Cathy Clerbaux, Maya George, Xiong Liu, and Wenshou Tian
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 12511–12530, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-12511-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-12511-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We analyze upper tropospheric CO and O3 using satellite data from limb-viewing (MLS) and nadir-viewing (IASI and OMI) sensors, together with dynamical variables, to examine how the two types of data complement each other in representing the chemical variability associated with the day-to-day dynamical variability in the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone. The results provide new observational evidence of eddy shedding in upper tropospheric CO distribution.
Richard S. Stolarski, Anne R. Douglass, and Susan E. Strahan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 5691–5697, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5691-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5691-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Detecting trends in short data sets of stratospheric molecules is difficult because of variability due to dynamical fluctuations. We suggest that one way around this difficulty is using the measurements of one molecule to remove dynamical variability from the measurements of another molecule. We illustrate this using Aura MLS measurements of N2O to help us sort out issues in the determination of trends in HCl. This shows that HCl is decreasing throughout the middle stratosphere as expected.
Erkki Kyrölä, Monika E. Andersson, Pekka T. Verronen, Marko Laine, Simo Tukiainen, and Daniel R. Marsh
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 5001–5019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5001-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5001-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
In this work we compare three key constituents of the middle atmosphere (ozone, NO2, and NO3) from the GOMOS satellite instrument with the WACCM model. We find that in the stratosphere (below 50 km) ozone differences are very small, but in the mesosphere large deviations are found. GOMOS and WACCM NO2 agree reasonably well except in the polar areas. These differences can be connected to the solar particle storms. For NO3, WACCM results agree with GOMOS with a very high correlation.
Martine De Mazière, Anne M. Thompson, Michael J. Kurylo, Jeannette D. Wild, Germar Bernhard, Thomas Blumenstock, Geir O. Braathen, James W. Hannigan, Jean-Christopher Lambert, Thierry Leblanc, Thomas J. McGee, Gerald Nedoluha, Irina Petropavlovskikh, Gunther Seckmeyer, Paul C. Simon, Wolfgang Steinbrecht, and Susan E. Strahan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 4935–4964, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-4935-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-4935-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
This paper serves as an introduction to the special issue "Twenty-five years of operations of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC)". It describes the origins of the network, its actual status, and some perspectives for its future evolution in the context of atmospheric sciences.
Gaétane Ronsmans, Catherine Wespes, Daniel Hurtmans, Cathy Clerbaux, and Pierre-François Coheur
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 4403–4423, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-4403-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-4403-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The paper aims at understanding the variability of nitric acid (HNO3) in the stratosphere; 9-year time series of IASI measurements are analysed and, for the first time for HNO3, fitted with regression models in order to identify the factors at play. It was found that the annual variability is the main driver and that the polar stratospheric clouds influence greatly HNO3 variability at polar latitudes. The results show the potential of such analyses to better understand the polar processes.
Franziska Schranz, Susana Fernandez, Niklaus Kämpfer, and Mathias Palm
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 4113–4130, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-4113-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-4113-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We present 1 year of ozone measurements form two ground-based microwave radiometers located at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. The ozone measurements cover an altitude range of 25–70 km altitude and have a high time resolution of 1–2 h. With these datasets and model data a comprehensive analysis of the ozone diurnal cycle in the Arctic is performed for the different insolation conditions throughout the year. In the stratosphere we find a diurnal cycle which persists over the whole polar day.
Mark Weber, Melanie Coldewey-Egbers, Vitali E. Fioletov, Stacey M. Frith, Jeannette D. Wild, John P. Burrows, Craig S. Long, and Diego Loyola
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 2097–2117, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-2097-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-2097-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
This paper commemorates the 30-year anniversary of the initial signing of the Montreal Protocol (MP) on substances that deplete the ozone layer. The MP is so far successful in reducing ozone-depleting substances, and total ozone decline was successfully stopped by the late 1990s. Total ozone levels have been mostly stable since then. In some regions, barely significant upward trends are observed that suggest an emergence into the expected ozone recovery phase.
Robert P. Damadeo, Joseph M. Zawodny, Ellis E. Remsberg, and Kaley A. Walker
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 535–554, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-535-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-535-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
An ozone trend analysis that compensates for sampling biases is applied to sparsely sampled occultation data sets. International assessments have noted deficiencies in past trend analyses and this work addresses those sources of uncertainty. The nonuniform sampling patterns in data sets and drifts between data sets can affect derived recovery trends by up to 2 % decade−1. The limitations inherent to all techniques are also described and a potential path forward towards resolution is presented.
Cited articles
Amekudzi, L. K., Bramstedt, K., Rozanov, A., Bovensmann, H., and Burrows, J. P.: Retrieval of Trace Gas Concentrations from Lunar Occultation Measurements with SCIAMACHY on ENVISAT, New Horizons in Occultation Research, Studies in Atmosphere and Climate, Andrea Steiner, Barbara Pirscher, Ulrich Foelsche and Gottfried Kirchengast, 87–96, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00320, 2009.
Atreya, S. K.: Measurement of minor species/H2, Cl, O3, NO/in the earth's atmosphere by the occultation technique, Adv. Space Res., 1, 127A, 1981.
Atreya, S. K., Wasser, B., Donahue, T. M., Sharp, W. E., Drake, J. F., and Riegler, G. R.: Ultraviolet stellar occultation measurement of the H2 and O2 densities near 100 km in the earth's atmosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 3, 607–610, 1976.
Austin, J., Shindell, D., Beagley, S. R., Brühl, C., Dameris, M., Manzini, E., Nagashima, T., Newman, P., Pawson, S., Pitari, G., Rozanov, E., Schnadt, C., and Shepherd, T. G.: Uncertainties and assessments of chemistry-climate models of the stratosphere, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 1–27, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-1-2003, 2003.
Bates, D. R. and Nicolet, M.: Atmospheric hydrogen, Publ. Astron Soc Pacific, 62, 106–110, 1950.
Bertaux, J. L.: GOMOS Mission objectives, in: ESAMS99, European Symposium on Atmospheric Measurements From Space, ESA, Noordwijk, WPP-161, 79–87, 1999.
Bertaux, J. L., Pellinen, R., Simon, P., Chassefière, E., Dalaudier, F., Godin, S., Goutail, F., Hauchecorne, A., Le Texier, H., Mégie, G., Pommereau, J. P., Brasseur, G., Kyrölä, E., Tuomi, T., Korpela, S., Leppelmeier, G., Visconti, G., Fabian, P., Isaksen, S. A., Larsen, S. H., Stordahl, F., Cariolle, D., Lenoble, J., Naudet, J. P., and Scott, N.: GOMOS, proposal in response to ESA EPOP-1, A.O.1, January, 1988.
Bertaux, J. L., Mégie, G., Widemann, T., Chassefiere, E., Pellinen, R., Kyrölä, E., Korpela, E., and Simon, P. C.: Monitoring of ozone trend by stellar occultations: the Gomos instrument, Adv. Space Res., 11(3), 237–242, 1991.
Bertaux, J. L., Kyrölä, E., and Wehr, T.: Stellar Occultation Technique for Atmospheric Ozone Monitoring: GOMOS on Envisat, Earth Observation Quarterly, 67, 17–20, 2000.
Bertaux, J. L., Dalaudier, F., Hauchecorne, A., Chipperfield, M., Fussen, D., Kyrölä, E., Leppelmeier, E., and Roscoe, H.: Envisat: GOMOS-An instrument for global atmosphere ozone monitoring, edited by: Harris, R. A., ESA SP-1244, 109 pp., May 2001.
Bertaux, J. L., Hauchecorne, A., Dalaudier, F., Cot, C., Kyrölä, E., Fussen, D., Tamminen, J., Leppelmeier, G. W., Sofieva, V., Hassinen, S., d'Andon, O. F., Barrot, G., Mangin, A., Théodore, B., Guirlet, M., Korablev, O., Snoeij, P., Koopman, R., and Fraisse, R.: First results on GOMOS/Envisat, Adv. Space Res., 33, 1029–1035, 2004.
Bertaux, J. L., Korablev, O., Perrier, S., Quémerais, E., Montmessin, F., Leblanc, F., Lebonnois, S., Rannou, P., Lefèvre, F., Forget, F., Fedorova, A., Dimarellis, E., Reberac, A., Fonteyn, D., Chaufray, J. Y., and Guibert, S.: SPICAM on Mars Express: Observing modes and overview of UV spectrometer data and scientific results, J. Geophys. Res., 111, E10S90, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JE002690, 2006.
Bertaux, J. L., Vandaele, A.-C., Korablev, O., Villard, E., Fedorova, A., Fussen, D., Quémerais, E. , Belyaev, D., Mahieux, A., Montmessin, F., Muller, C., Neefs, E., Nevejans, D., Wilquet, V., Dubois, J. P., Hauchecorne, A., Stepanov, A., Vinogradov, I., Rodin, A., and the SPICAV/SOIR team: A warm layer in Venus' cryosphere and high-altitude measurements of HF, HCl, H2O and HDO, Nature, 450, 646–649, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05974, 2007.
Bertaux, J. L., Hauchecorne, A., Montoux, N., Dalaudier, F., Blanot, L., Lebrun, J. C., Kyrölä, E., Sofieva, V., Fussen, D., Barrot, G., Fehr, T., and Saavedra de Miguel, L.: Water vapor measurements in the stratosphere at 936 nm by stellar occultations with GOMOS/Envisat, Proceedings Atmospheric Science Conference, Barcelona, Spain, 7–11 Sep 2009, ESA Special Publication SP-676, 2009.
Borchi, F. and Pommereau, J.-P.: Evaluation of ozonesondes, HALOE, SAGE II and III, Odin- OSIRIS and -SMR, and ENVISAT-GOMOS, -SCIAMACHY and -MIPAS ozone profiles in the tropics from SAOZ long duration balloon measurements in 2003 and 2004, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 2671–2690, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-2671-2007, 2007.
Bovensmann, H., Burrows, J .P., Buchwitz, M., Frerick, J., Noël, S., Rozanov, V. V., Chance, K. V., Goede, A. P. H., SCIAMACHY: Mission Objectives and Measurements modes, J. Atmos.Sciences, 56(2), 127–149, 1999.
Brasseur, G. and Solomon, S.: Aeronomy of the Middle Atmosphere, Chemistry and Physics of the stratosphere and mesosphere, 3rd revised and enlarged edn., Springer, Germany, 644 pp., 2005.
Crutzen, P. J.: Ozone production rates in oxygen-hydrogen-nitrogen oxide atmosphere, J. Geophys Res., 76, 7311–7327, 1971.
Dalaudier, F., Sofieva, V., Hauchecorne, A., Kyrölä, E., Laurent, L., Marielle, G., Retscher, C., and Zehner, C.: High-Resolution Density and Temperature Profiling in the Stratosphere Using Bi-Chromatic Scintillation Measurements by GOMOS, Proceedings of the First Atmospheric Science Conference, European Space Agency, 2006, edited by: Lacoste, H. and Ouwehand, L., ESA SP-628, Published on CDROM, p. 34.1., ISBN92-9092-939-1-ISSN1609-042X, 2006.
Evans, W. J. F. and Llewellyn, E. J.: Molecular oxygen emissions in the airglow, Ann. Géophys., Tome 26, 167–178, 1970.
Festou, M. C., Atreya, S. K., Donahue, T. M., Sandel, B. R., Shemansky, D. E., and Broadfoot, A. L.: Composition and thermal profiles of the Jovian upper atmosphere determined by the Voyager ultraviolet stellar occultation experiment, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 5715–5725, 1981.
Fioletov, V. E. and Shepherd, T. G.: Summertime total ozone variations over middle and polar latitudes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L04807, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GL022080, 2005.
Fischer, H., Birk, M., Blom, C., Carli, B., Carlotti, M., von Clarmann, T., Delbouille, L., Dudhia, A., Ehhalt, D., Endemann, M., Flaud, J. M., Gessner, R., Kleinert, A., Koopman, R., Langen, J., López-Puertas, M., Mosner, P., Nett, H., Oelhaf, H., Perron, G., Remedios, J., Ridolfi, M., Stiller, G., and Zander, R.: MIPAS: an instrument for atmospheric and climate research, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 2151–2188, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-2151-2008, 2008.
Fortuin, J. P. F. and Kelder, H.: An ozone climatology based on ozonesonde and satellite measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 103(D24), 31709–31734, https://doi.org/10331709-31734, 1998.
Frederick, J. E.: Measurement Requirements for the detection of ozone trends, ozone Correlative Measurements Workshop, NASA Conference publication 2362, Appendix 3, 1984.
Fritts, D. C. and Alexander, M. J.: Gravity wave dynamics and effects in the middle atmosphere, Rev. Geophys., 41(1), 1003, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001RG000106, 2003.
Fussen, D., Vanhellemont, F., and Bingen, C.: Evolution of stratospheric aerosols in the post-Pinatubo period measured by solar occultation, Atmos. Environ., 35, 5067–5078, 2001.
Fussen, D., Vanhellemont, F., Dodion, J., Bingen, C., Walker, K. A., Boone, C. D., McLeod, S. D., and Bernath, P. F.: Intercomparison of ozone and nitrogen dioxide concentration profiles retrieved by the ACE and GOMOS occultation experiments, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L16S02, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GL022468, 2005.
Fussen, D., Vanhellemont, F., Dodion, J., Bingen, C., Mateshvili, N., Daerden, F., Fonteyn, D., Errera, Q., Chabrillat, S., Kyrölä, E., Tamminen, J., Sofieva, V., Hauchecorne, A., Dalaudier, F., Bertaux, J.-L., Renard, J.-B., Fraisse, R., d'Andon, O. F., Barrot, G., Guirlet, M., Mangin, A., Fehr, T., Snoeij, P.,and Saavedra, L.: A global OClO stratospheric layer discovered in GOMOS stellar occultation measurements, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L13815, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL026406, 2006.
Fussen, D., Vanhellemont, F., Tétard, C., Mateshvili, N., Dekemper, E., Loodts, N., Bingen, C., Kyrölä, E., Tamminen, J., Sofieva, V., Hauchecorne, A., Dalaudier, F., Bertaux, J.-L., Barrot, G., Blanot, L., Fanton d'Andon, O., Fehr, T., Saavedra, L., Yuan, T., and She, C.-Y.: A global climatology of the mesospheric sodium layer from GOMOS data during the 2002-2008 period, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 10, 6097–6127, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-6097-2010, 2010.
Garcia, R. R. and Solomon, S.: The effect of breaking gravity waves on the dynamics and chemical composition of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. J. Geophys Res., 90, 3850–3868, 1985.
Gumbel, J., Fan, Z. Y., Waldemarsson, T., Stegman, J., Witt, G., Llewellyn, E. J., She, C. Y., and Plane, J. M. C.: Retrieval of global mesospheric sodium densities from the Odin satellite, Geophys. Res. Lett. 34, L04813, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL028687, 2007.
Gurvich, A. S. and Kan, V.: Structure of air density irregularities in the stratosphere from spacecraft observations of stellar scintillation, 1. Three-dimensional spectrum model and recovery of its parameters, Izv. Russ. Acad. Sci. Atmos. Oceanic Phys., 39, 300–310, 2003a.
Gurvich, A. S. and Kan, V.: Structure of air density irregularities in the stratosphere from spacecraft observations of stellar scintillation, 2. Characteristic scales, structure characteristics, and kinetic energy dissipation, Izv. Russ. Acad. Sci. Atmos. Oceanic Phys., 39, 311–321, 2003b.
Gurvich, A. S., Kan, V., Savchenko, S. A., Pakhomov, A. I., and Padalka, G. I.: Studying the turbulence and internal waves in the stratosphere from spacecraft observations of stellar scintillation: I. Experimental technique and analysis of the scintillation variance, Izv. Russ. Acad. Sci. Atmos. Oceanic Phys., Engl. Transl., 37, 436–451, 2001a.
Gurvich, A. S., Kan, V., Savchenko, S. A., Pakhomov, A. I., and Padalka, G. I.: Studying the turbulence and internal waves in the stratosphere from spacecraft observations of stellar scintillation: II. Probability distributions and scintillation spectra, Izv. Russ. Acad. Sci. Atmos. Oceanic Phys., Engl. Transl., 37, 452–465, 2001b.
Gurvich, A. S., Dalaudier, F., and Sofieva, V. F.: Study of stratospheric air density irregularities based on two wavelength observation of stellar scintillation by Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars (GOMOS) on Envisat, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D11110, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD005536, 2005.
Gurvich, A. S., Sofieva, V. F., and Dalaudier, F.: Global distribution of $C_{T}^{2}$ at altitudes 30–50 km from space-borne observations of stellar scintillation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L24813, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL031134, 2007.
Hartogh, P., Jarchow, C., Sonnemann, G. R., and Grygalashvyly, M.: On the spatiotemporal behavior of ozone within the upper mesosphere/mesopause region under nearly polar night conditions, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D18303, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD004576, 2004.
Hauchecorne, A., Lallement, R., and Bertaux, J. L.: Impact of solar activity on stratospheric ozone and NO2 observed by GOMOS, Space Sci. Rev., 125, 393–402, 2006.
Hauchecorne, A., Bertaux, J., Dalaudier, F., Cot, C., Lebrun, J., Bekki, S., Marchand, M., Kyrola, E., Tamminen, J., Sofieva, V., Fussen, D., Vanhellemont, F., d'Andon, O., Barrot, G., Mangin, A., Theodore, B., Guirlet, M., Snoeij, P., Koopman, R., de Miguel, L., Fraisse, R., and Renard, J.: First simultaneous global measurements of nighttime stratospheric NO2 and NO3 observed by Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars (GOMOS)/Envisat in 2003, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. 110, D18301, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD005711, 2005.
Hauchecorne, A., Bertaux, J. L., Dalaudier, F., Russell III, J. M., Mlynczak, M. G., Kyrölä, E., and Fussen, D.: Large increase of NO2 in the north polar mesosphere in January–February 2004: Evidence of a dynamical origin from GOMOS/ENVISAT and SABER/TIMED data, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L03810, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL027628, 2007.
Hauchecorne, A., Bertaux, J. L., Dalaudier, F., Keckhut, P., Lemennais, P., Bekki, S., Marchand, M., Lebrun, J. C., Kyrölä, E., Tamminen, J., Sofieva, V., Fussen, D., Vanhellemont, F., Fanton d'Andon, O., Barrot, G., Blanot, L., Fehr, T., and Saavedra de Miguel, L.: Response of tropical stratospheric O3, NO2 and NO3 to the equatorial Quasi-Biennial Oscillation and to temperature as seen from GOMOS/ENVISAT, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 8873–8879, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-8873-2010, 2010.
Hays, P. B. and Roble, R. G.: Stellar spectra and Atmospheric Composition, J. Atmos. Sci., 25, p. 141, 1968.
Hays, P. B. and Roble, R. G.: Observation of mesospheric ozone at low latitudes, Planet. Space Sci., 21, 273–279, 1973.
Hedin, A. E.: Extension of the MSIS thermosphere model into the middle and lower atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 1159–1162, 1991.
Holton, J. R.: An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorology, Int. Geophys., 88, 4th edn., Elsevier, New York, USA, 2004.
Jiang, J. H., Wang, B., Goya, K., Hocke, K., Eckermann, S. D., Ma, J., Wu, D. L., and Read, W. G.: Geographical distribution and interseasonal variability of tropical deep convection: UARS MLS observations and analyses, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D03111, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD003756, 2004.
Kan, V., Dalaudier, F., and Gurvich, A. S.: Chromatic refraction with Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars. II. Statistical properties of scintillations, Appl. Optics, 40(6), 878–89, 2001.
Keckhut, P., Hauchecorne, A., Blanot, L., Hocke, K., Godin-Beekmann, S., Bertaux, J.-L., Barrot, G., Kyrölä, E., van Gijsel, A., and Pazmino, A.: Ozone monitoring with the GOMOS-ENVISAT experiment version 5, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 10, 14713–14735, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-14713-2010, 2010.
Korablev, O., Bertaux, J. L., Dubois, J. P.: Occultation of stars in the UV: Study of the atmosphere of Mars, J. Geophys. Res. Planets, 106, E4, 7597–7610, 2001.
Kyrölä, E., Tamminen, J., Leppelmeier, G. W., Sofieva, V., Hassinen, S., Bertaux, J. L., Hauchecorne, A., Dalaudier, F., Cot, C., Korablev, O., d'Andon, O. F., Barrot, G., Mangin, A., Theodore, B., Guirlet, M., Etanchaud, F., Snoeij, P., Koopman, R., Saavedra, L., Fraisse, R., Fussen, D., and Vanhellemont, F.: GOMOS on Envisat: An overview, Adv. Space Res., 33, 1020–1028, 2004.
Kyrölä, E., Tamminen, J., Leppelmeier, G. W., Sofieva, V., Hassinen, S., Seppälä, A., Verronen, P. T., Bertaux, J.L., Hauchecorne, A., Dalaudier, F., Fussen, D., Vanhellemont, F., Fanton d'Andon, O., Barrot, G., Mangin, A., Theodore, B., Guirlet, M., Koopman, R., Saavedra, L., Snoeij, P., and Fehr, T.: Nighttime ozone profiles in the stratosphere and mesosphere by the Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars on Envisat, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D24(306), https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007193, 2006.
Kyrölä, E., Tamminen, J., Sofieva, V., Bertaux, J. L., Hauchecorne, A., Dalaudier, F., Fussen, D., Vanhellemont, F., Fanton d'Andon, O., Barrot, G., Guirlet, M., Mangin, A., Blanot, L., Fehr, T., Saavedra de Miguel, L., and Fraisse, R.: Retrieval of atmospheric parameters from GOMOS data, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 10, 10145–10217, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-10145-2010, 2010a.
Kyrölä, E., Tamminen, J., Sofieva, V., Bertaux, J. L., Hauchecorne, A., Dalaudier, F., Fussen, D., Vanhellemont, F., Fanton d'Andon, O., Barrot, G., Guirlet, M., Fehr, T., and Saavedra de Miguel, L.: GOMOS O2, NO2, and NO3 observations in 2002-2008, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 10, 2169–2220, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-2169-2010, 2010b.
Marchand, M., Bekki, S., Hauchecorne, A., and Bertaux J. L.: Validation of the self-consistency of GOMOS NO3, NO2 and O3 data using chemical data assimilation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L10107, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GL019631, 2004.
Mégie, G. and Blamont, J. E.: Laser sounding of atmospheric sodium: Interpretation in terms of global atmospheric parameters, Planet. Space Sci., 25, 1093–1109, 1977.
Meijer, Y. J., Swart, D. P. J., Allaart, M., Andersen, S.B., Bodeker, G., Boyd, G., Braathena, Calisesia, Y., Claude, H., Dorokhov, V. von der Gathen, P., Gil, M., Godin-Beekmann, S., Goutail, F. , Hansen, G., Karpetchko, A., Keckhut, P., Kelder, H. M., Koelemeijer, R., Kois, B., Koopman, R.M., Lambert, J.-C., Leblanc, T., McDermid, I. S., Pal, S., Kopp, G., Schets, H., Stubi, R., Suortti, T., Visconti, G., and Yela, M.: Pole-to-pole validation of ENVISAT/GOMOS ozone profiles using data from ground-based and balloon-sonde measurements, J.Geophys. Res., 109(D23), D23305, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD004834, 2004.
Montoux, N., Hauchecorne, A., Pommereau, J.-P., Lefèvre, F., Durry, G., Jones, R. L., Rozanov, A., Dhomse, S., Burrows, J. P., Morel, B., and Bencherif, H.: Evaluation of balloon and satellite water vapour measurements in the Southern tropical and subtropical UTLS during the HIBISCUS campaign, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 5299–5319, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-5299-2009, 2009.
Naudet, J. P., Rigaud, P., and Pirre, M.: Altitude Distribution of Stratospheric NO3. 1. Observations of NO3 and related species, J. Geophys. Res., 94, p. 6374, 1989.
Pérot, K., Hauchecorne, A., Montmessin, F., Bertaux, J.-L., Blanot, L., Dalaudier, F., Fussen, D., and Kyrölä, E.: First climatology of polar mesospheric clouds from GOMOS/ENVISAT stellar occultation instrument, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 2723–2735, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-2723-2010, 2010.
Plane, J. M. C.: A time-resolved model of the mesospheric Na layer: constraints on the meteor input function, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 4, 627–638, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-4-627-2004, 2004.
Pommereau, J. P. and Piquard J.: Observations of the vertical distribution of stratospheric OClO, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 1231–1234, 1994.
Reburn, W. J., Remedios, J. J., Morris, P. E., Rodgers, C. D., Taylor, F. W., Kerridge, B. J., Knight, R. J., Ballard, J., Kumer, J. B., and Massie, S. T.: Validation of NO2 measurements from the ISAMS, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 9873–9895, 1996.
Renard, J.-B., Lefèvre, F., Pirre, M., Robert, C., and Huguenin, D.: Vertical profile of night-time stratospheric OClO, J. Atmos. Chem., 26, 65–76, 1997a.
Renard, J. B., Pirre, M., Robert, C., Lefevre, F., Lateltin, E., Nozière, B., and Huguenin, D.: Vertical distribution of night time stratospheric NO2 from balloon measurements: comparison with models, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, p. 73, 1997b.
Renard, J.-B., Chipperfield, M., Berthet, G., Goffinont-Taupin, F., Robert, C., Chartier, M., Roscoe, H., Feng, W., Rivière, E., and Pirre, M.: NO3 vertical profile measurements from remote sensing balloon-borne spectrometers and comparison with model calculations, J. Atmos. Chem., 51(1), 65–78, 2005.
Renard, J. B., Berthet, G., Brogniez, C., Catoire, V., Fussen, D., Goutail, F., Oelhaf, H., Pommereau,J. P., Roscoe, H. K., Wetzel, G., and 8 coauthors: Validation of GOMOS-Envisat vertical profiles of O3, NO2, NO3, and aerosol extinction using balloon-borne instruments and analysis of the retrievals, J. Geophys. Res., 113(A2), https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JA012345, 2008.
Riegler, G. R., Liu, S. C.,Wasser, B., Atreya, S. K., Donahue, T. M., and Drake, J. F.: UV stellar occultation measurements of night time equatorial ozone, Geophys. Res. Lett., 4, 145–162 1977.
Riegler, G. R., Liu, S. C., Cicerone, R. J., and Drake, J. F.: Stellar Occultations Measurements of Atmospheric Ozone and Chlorine from OAO 3, J. Geophys. Res., 81, p. 4997, https://doi.org/10.1029/JA081i028p04997, 1976.
Roscoe, H. K., Taylor, W. H., Evans, J. D., Tait, A. M., Freshwater, R., Fish, D., Strong, E. K., and. Jones, R. L.: Automated ground-based star-pointing UV-visible spectrometer for stratospheric measurements, Appl. Optics, 36, 6069–6075, 1997.
Russell III, J. M., Bailey, S. M., Gordley, L. L., Rusch, D. W., Horanyi, M., Hervig, M. E., Thomas, G. E., Randall C. E., Siskind, D. E., Stevens, M. H., Summers, M. E., Taylor, M. J., Englert, C. R., Espy, P. J., McClintock, W. E., and Merkel, A. W.: The Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM) mission: overview and early science results, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 71(3–4), 289–299, 2009.
Seppälä, A., Verronen, P. T., Kyrölä, E., Hassinen, S., Backman, L., Hauchecorne, A., Bertaux, J. L., and Fussen, D.: Ozone depletion in the Northern Hemisphere polar winter as seen by GOMOS/Envisat, Geophys. Res.Lett., 31, L19107, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GL021042, 2004.
Seppälä, A., Verronen, P. T., Sofieva, V. F., Tamminen, J., Kyrola, E., Rodger, C. J., and Clilverd, M. A.: Destruction of the Tertiary Ozone Maximum During a Solar Proton Event, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L07804, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GL025571, 2006.
Sessler, J., Chipperfield, M. P., Pyle, J. A., and Toumi, R.: Stratospheric OClO measurements as a poor quantitative indicator of chlorine activation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 687–690, 1995.
She, C. Y., Chen, S. S., Hu, Z. L., Sherman, J., Vance, J. D., Vasoli, V., White, M. A., Yu, J. R., and Krueger, D. A.: Eight-year climatology of nocturnal temperature and sodium density in the mesopause region (80 to 105 km) over Fort Collins, CO (41° N, 105° W), Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 3289–3292, 2000.
Smith, A. K.: Physics and chemistry of the mesopause region, J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phy., 66, 839–857, 2004.
Smith, G. R. and Hunten, D. M.: Study of Planetary Atmospheres by Absorptive Occultations, Rev. Geophys., 28, p. 117, 1990.
Shemansky, D. E., Stewart, A. I. F., West, R. A., Esposito, L. W., Hallett, J. T., and Xianming, L.: The Cassini UVIS stellar probe of the Titan atmosphere, Science, 308(5724), 978–982, 2005.
Sofieva, V. F., Verronen, P. T., Kyrölä, E., Hassinen, S., and GOMOS CAL/VAL team: The tertiary ozone maximum in the middle mesosphere as seen by GOMOS on Envisat; Quadrennial Ozone Symposium, 2004b.
Sofieva, V. F., Kyrölä, E., Hassinen, S., Backman, L., Tamminen, J., Seppälä, A. , Thölix, L., Gurvich, A. S., Kan, V., Dalaudier, F., Hauchecorne, A., Bertaux, J.-L., Fussen, D., Vanhellemont, F., Fanton d'Andon, O., Barrot, G., Mangin, A., Guirlet, M., Fehr, T., Snoeij, P., Saavedra, L., Koopman, R., and Fraisse, R.: Global analysis of scintillation variance: Indication of gravity wave breaking in the polar winter upper stratosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L03812, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL028132, 2007a.
Sofieva, V. F., Gurvich, A. S., Dalaudier, F., and Kan, V.: Reconstruction of internal gravity wave and turbulence parameters in the stratosphere using GOMOS scintillation measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D12113, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007483, 2007b.
Sofieva, V. F., Dalaudier, F., Kivi, R., and Kyrö, E.: On the variability of temperature profiles in the stratosphere: Implications for validation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L23808, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL035539, 2008.
Sofieva, V. F., Gurvich, A. S., and Dalaudier, F.: Gravity wave spectra parameters in 2003 retrieved from stellar scintillation measurements by GOMOS, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L05811, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL036726, 2009a.
Sofieva, V. F., Kyrölä, E., Verronen, P. T., Seppälä, A., Tamminen, J., Marsh, D. R., Smith, A. K., Bertaux, J.-L., Hauchecorne, A., Dalaudier, F., Fussen, D., Vanhellemont, F., Fanton d'Andon, O., Barrot, G., Guirlet, M., Fehr, T., and Saavedra, L.: Spatio-temporal observations of the tertiary ozone maximum, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 4439–4445, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-4439-2009, 2009b.
Sofieva, V. F., Kan, V., Dalaudier, F., Kyrölä, E., Tamminen, J., Bertaux, J.-L., Hauchecorne, A., Fussen, D., and Vanhellemont, F.: Influence of scintillation on GOMOS ozone retrievals, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 9, 12615–12643, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-9-12615-2009, 2009c.
Sofieva, V. F., Vira, J., Dalaudier, F., Hauchecorne A., and the GOMOS team: Validation of GOMOS/Envisat high-resolution temperature profiles (HRTP) using spectral analysis, in New Horizons in Occultation Research, Studies in Atmosphere and Climate, edited by: Steiner, A., Pirscher, B., Foelsche, U., and Kirchengast, G., Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, 97–107, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00321-9_9, 2009d.
Tamminen, J., Kyrölä, E., Sofieva, V. F., Laine, M., Bertaux, J.-L., Hauchecorne, A., Dalaudier, F., Fussen, D., Vanhellemont, F., Fanton-d'Andon, O., Barrot, G., Mangin, A., Guirlet, M., Blanot, L., Fehr, T., Saavedra de Miguel, L., and Fraisse, R.: GOMOS data characterization and error estimation, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 10, 6755–6796, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-6755-2010, 2010.
Tétard, C., Fussen, D., Bingen, C., Capouillez, N., Dekemper, E., Loodts, N., Mateshvili, N., Vanhellemont, F., Kyrölä, E., Tamminen, J., Sofieva, V., Hauchecorne, A., Dalaudier, F., Bertaux, J.-L., Fanton d'Andon, O., Barrot, G., Guirlet, M., Fehr, T., and Saavedra, L.: Simultaneous measurements of OClO, NO2 and O3 in the Arctic polar vortex by the GOMOS instrument, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 7857–7866, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-7857-2009, 2009.
Thomas, G. E.: Mesospheric Clouds and the Physics of the Mesopause Region, Rev. Geophys., 29, 553–575, 1991.
Thomas, G. E. and Olivero, J. J.: Noctilucent clouds as possible indicators of global change in the mesosphere, Adv. Space Res., 28(7), 937–946, 2001.
Thomason, L. W. and Taha, G.: SAGE III aerosol extinction measurements: Initial results, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 1631, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GL017317, 2003.
Tie, X., Brasseur, G., Hess, P., and Riese, M.: Hemispheric asymmetry of chemical species and its effect on stratospheric ozone: emphasis on halogen loading, Adv. Space Res., 24, 1631–1636, 1999.
Tukiainen, S., Hassinen, S., Seppälä, A., Auvinen, H., Kyrölä, E., Tamminen, J., Haley, C. S., Lloyd, N., and Verronen, P. T.: Description and validation of a limb scatter retrieval method for Odin/OSIRIS, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 113, D04308, 12 pp., https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD008591, 2008.
Vanhellemont, F., Fussen, D., Bingen, C., Kyrölä, E., Tamminen, J., Sofieva, V., Hassinen, S., Verronen, P., Seppälä, A., Bertaux, J. L., Hauchecorne, A., Dalaudier, F., Fanton d'Andon, O., Barrot, G., Mangin, A., Theodore, B., Guirlet, M., Renard, J. B., Fraisse, R., Snoeij, P., Koopman, R., and Saavedra, L.: A 2003 stratospheric aerosol extinction and PSC climatology from GOMOS measurements on Envisat, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 2413–2417, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-5-2413-2005, 2005.
Vanhellemont, F., Fussen, D., Mateshvili, N., Tétard, C., Bingen, C., Dekemper, E., Loodts, N., Kyrölä, E., Sofieva, V., Tamminen, J., Hauchecorne, A., Bertaux, J.-L., Dalaudier, F., Blanot, L., Fanton d'Andon, O., Barrot, G., Guirlet, M., Fehr, T., and Saavedra, L.: Optical extinction by upper tropospheric/stratospheric aerosols and clouds: GOMOS observations for the period 2002–2008, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 7997–8009, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7997-2010, 2010.
Verronen, P. T., Kyrölä, E., Tamminen, J., Funke, B., Gil-Lopez, S., Kaufmann, M., Lopez-Puertas, M., von Clarmann, T., Stiller, G., Grabowski, U. and Höpfner, M.: A comparison of night-time GOMOS and MIPAS ozone profiles in the stratosphere and mesosphere, Adv. Space Res., 36, 958–966, 2005a.
Verronen, P. T., Seppälä, A., Clilverd, M. A., Rodger, C. J., Kyrölä, E., Enell, C.-F., Ulich, Th., and Turunen, E.: Diurnal variation of ozone depletion during the October–November 2003 solar proton events, J. Geophys. Res., 110, A09S32, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JA010932, 2005b.
Verronen, P. T., Seppälä, A., Kyrölä, E., Tamminen, J., Pickett, H. M., and Turunen, E.: Production of Odd Hydrogen in the Mesosphere During the January 2005 Solar Proton Event, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L24811, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL028115, 2006.
Verronen, P. T., Ceccherini, S., Cortesi, U., Kyrölä, E., and Tamminen, J.: Statistical comparison of night-time NO2 observations in 2003–2006 from GOMOS and MIPAS instruments, Adv. Space Res., 43, 1918–1925, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2009.01.027, 2009.
Vervack, R. J., Yee, J. H., Carbary, J. F., and Morgan, F.: Atmospheric remote sensing using a combined extinctive and refractive stellar occultation technique 3. Inversion method for refraction measurements, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 107(D15), 4261, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD000796, 2002.
WMO (World Meteorological Organization): Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006, Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project – Report No. 50, 572 pp., Geneva, 2007
Yee, J. H., Vervack, R. J. DeMajistre, R. Morgan, F., Carbary, J. F., Romick, G. J., Morrison, D., Lloyd, S. A., DeCola, P. L., Paxton, L. J., Anderson, D. E., Kumar, C. K., and Meng, C.-I.: Atmospheric remote sensing using a combined extinctive and refractive stellar occultation technique 1. Overview and proof-of-concept observations, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 107(D14), 4213, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD000794, 2002.
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint