Articles | Volume 21, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4219-2021
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4219-2021
ACP Letters
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18 Mar 2021
ACP Letters | Highlight paper |  | 18 Mar 2021

Interhemispheric transport of metallic ions within ionospheric sporadic E layers by the lower thermospheric meridional circulation

Bingkun Yu, Xianghui Xue, Christopher J. Scott, Jianfei Wu, Xinan Yue, Wuhu Feng, Yutian Chi, Daniel R. Marsh, Hanli Liu, Xiankang Dou, and John M. C. Plane

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Cited articles

Arras, C. and Wickert, J.: Estimation of ionospheric sporadic E intensities from GPS radio occultation measurements, J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys., 171, 60–63, 2018. a, b
Arras, C., Wickert, J., Beyerle, G., Heise, S., Schmidt, T., and Jacobi, C.: A global climatology of ionospheric irregularities derived from GPS radio occultation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L14809, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL034158, 2008. a, b
Bedey, D. F. and Watkins, B. J.: Simultaneous observations of thin ion layers and the ionospheric electric field over Sondrestrom, J. Geophys. Res.-Space, 106, 8169–8183, 2001. a
Bibl, K. and Reinisch, B. W.: The universal digital ionosonde, Radio Science, 13, 519–530, 1978. a
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A long-standing mystery of metal ions within Es layers in the Earth's upper atmosphere is the marked seasonal dependence, with a summer maximum and a winter minimum. We report a large-scale winter-to-summer transport of metal ions from 6-year multi-satellite observations and worldwide ground-based stations. A global atmospheric circulation is responsible for the phenomenon. Our results emphasise the effect of this atmospheric circulation on the transport of composition in the upper atmosphere.
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