Articles | Volume 23, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4311-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4311-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
12 Apr 2023
Research article |
| 12 Apr 2023
| 12 Apr 2023
Impacts of land cover changes on biogenic emission and its contribution to ozone and secondary organic aerosol in China
Jinlong Ma
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and
Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200438, China
Shengqiang Zhu
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and
Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200438, China
Siyu Wang
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and
Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200438, China
Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, Fudan University,
Shanghai 200438, China
IRDR ICoE on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), Shanghai 200062, China
Jianmin Chen
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and
Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200438, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and
Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200438, China
IRDR ICoE on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), Shanghai 200062, China
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Hongxing Jiang, Junjie Cai, Yu Peng, Tingting Li, Yanlin Zhang, Yingjun Chen, and Jianmin Chen
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-6389, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-6389, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
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Biomass burning emits oxygenated N-containing organic compounds with the composition varied greatly. We characterized the molecular composition of CHON compounds in aerosols from cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin combustion. We found that high ignition temperature promoted the formation of CHON compounds （especially the aromatic CHON compounds） and reduced the molecular diversity among the three fuel types, which help understand the formation of CHON compounds during biomass burning.
Guochao Chen, Yiheng Wang, Qi Ying, Xiaofei Wang, and Hongliang Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 14867–14880, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-14867-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-14867-2026, 2026
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Brown carbon (BrC) aerosols absorb solar shortwave radiation and affect the environment and climate. Using a chemical transport model, we investigated the sources and long-term trends of primary BrC in China. Residential and industrial emissions dominate primary BrC in China, unlike the global pattern. Anthropogenic BrC accounts for most of the direct radiative effects and responds significantly to emission changes, indicating potential climate benefits of emission control measures.
Dongmei Cai, Runqi Zhang, Yaqin Gao, Xing Chen, Yuhan Cheng, Ling Li, Yin Fang, Jianmin Chen, and Xianda Gong
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-6233, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-6233, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
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We analysed air samples from Shanghai to explore how pollution changed during China's clean-air campaign. Winter levels of some sunlight-absorbing chemicals in airborne particles fell by 36 % over 5 years. However, the estimated share formed by reactions in the air rose from 63 % to 87 %. The findings suggest that reducing emissions can change how pollution forms, highlighting the need for air quality policies to address both direct emissions and the gases that react to produce these pollutants.
Dongmei Cai, Xianda Gong, Runqi Zhang, Shenyan Zhang, Yuhan Cheng, Saidur Rahaman, Yin Fang, and Jianmin Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 11067–11089, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-11067-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-11067-2026, 2026
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Organosulfur compounds in polluted atmospheres remain poorly understood. Using high-resolution chemical measurements, we examined organosulfur compounds in fine air particles from urban and suburban Shanghai in summer and winter, and found greater molecular diversity in winter, stronger effects from human activities and combustion, and clear day–night differences.
Peng Wang, Wenxuan Yu, Zhaolei Zhang, Jianyan Lu, Shenxin Li, and Hongliang Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 10789–10800, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-10789-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-10789-2026, 2026
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Heatwaves worsen ozone and secondary organic aerosol pollution. We quantified how much comes from heat speeding up chemical reactions versus increasing natural emissions in China. High temperatures drive over 80 % of the pollution increase nationwide by making the atmosphere more chemically reactive. The effect was strongest in the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta. Limiting climate change is essential for controlling future pollution and protecting health.
Jiangshan Mu, Chenliang Tao, Yuqiang Zhang, Zhou Liu, Yingnan Zhang, Na Zhao, Bin Luo, Qionghui Zhou, Qingzhu Zhang, Hongliang Zhang, and Likun Xue
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 18, 2999–3011, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-2999-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-2999-2026, 2026
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Nitrogen dioxide is a common air pollutant that varies strongly across space and time, yet consistent global information has been limited. We developed a new global dataset that describes daily nitrogen dioxide levels from 2005 to 2023 by combining satellite observations, weather data, and ground measurements using artificial intelligence. The dataset reveals long-term changes and regional patterns and provides a reliable resource for future air quality research.
Xinlu Liu, Zhongyi Sun, Chong Shi, Peng Wang, Tangzhe Nie, Qingnan Chu, Huazhe Shang, Lu Sun, Dabin Ji, Meng Guo, Kunpeng Yi, Zhenghong Tan, Lan Wu, Xinchun Lu, and Shuai Yin
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 18, 1203–1224, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-1203-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-1203-2026, 2026
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Estimates of global biomass burning emissions differ, posing a challenge for environment and climate change research. In response to this challenge, our new 2003–2023 dataset integrates top-down and bottom-up methods with multi-source data. This provides a plausible emissions range to quantify uncertainty, revealing that the greatest uncertainty is not in traditional hotspots but in regions with infrequent, extreme fires. This work offers vital data for more robust climate models.
Qianqian Gao, Guochao Chen, Xiaohui Lu, Jianmin Chen, Hongliang Zhang, and Xiaofei Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 12657–12673, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-12657-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-12657-2025, 2025
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Numerous lakes are shrinking, owing to climate change and human activities, releasing pollutants from dried lake beds as dust aerosols. The health risks remain unclear. Recently, Poyang and Dongting lakes faced record droughts, exposing 99 % and 88 % of their areas. We show that lake bed dust can raise PM10 to 637.5 μg m-³ and exceed non-carcinogenic (HQ = 4.13) and Cr carcinogenic (approx. 2.10 × 10−⁶) risk thresholds, posing growing health threats.
Mingjie Kang, Hongliang Zhang, and Qi Ying
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 11453–11467, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-11453-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-11453-2025, 2025
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This study examines the impacts of reducing nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds on ozone (O3), secondary inorganic aerosols (SIAs), and OH and NO3 radicals. The results show similar predictions for 8 h O3 but significant variability for SIA and radicals, with differences up to 30 % for SIA and 200 % for radicals across chemical mechanisms and inventories. The findings highlight that evaluating control strategies for SIA and atmospheric oxidation capacity requires an ensemble approach.
Bin Luo, Yuqiang Zhang, Tao Tang, Hongliang Zhang, Jianlin Hu, Jiangshan Mu, Wenxing Wang, and Likun Xue
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 4767–4783, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4767-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4767-2025, 2025
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India is facing a severe air pollution crisis that poses significant health risks, particularly from PM2.5 and O3. Our study reveals rising levels of both pollutants from 1995 to 2014, leading to increased premature mortality. While anthropogenic emissions play a significant role, biomass burning also impacts air quality, in particular seasons and regions in India. This study underscores the urgent need for localized policies to protect public health amid escalating environmental challenges.
Jianing Dai, Guy P. Brasseur, Mihalis Vrekoussis, Maria Kanakidou, Kun Qu, Yijuan Zhang, Hongliang Zhang, and Tao Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12943–12962, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12943-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12943-2024, 2024
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This paper employs a regional chemical transport model to quantify the sensitivity of air pollutants and photochemical parameters to specified emission reductions in China for representative winter and summer conditions. The study provides insights into further air quality control in China with reduced primary emissions.
Qun He, Zhaowen Wang, Houfeng Liu, Pengju Xu, Rongbao Duan, Caihong Xu, Jianmin Chen, and Min Wei
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12775–12792, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12775-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12775-2024, 2024
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Coastal environments provide an ideal setting for investigating the intermixing of terrestrial and marine aerosols. Terrestrial air mass constituted a larger number of microbes from anthropogenic and soil emissions, whereas saprophytic and gut microbes were predominant in marine samples. Mixed air masses indicated a fusion of marine and terrestrial aerosols, characterized by alterations in the ratio of pathogenic and saprophytic microbes when compared to either terrestrial or marine samples.
Xiaoyi Zhang, Wanyun Xu, Weili Lin, Gen Zhang, Jinjian Geng, Li Zhou, Huarong Zhao, Sanxue Ren, Guangsheng Zhou, Jianmin Chen, and Xiaobin Xu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12323–12340, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12323-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12323-2024, 2024
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Ozone (O3) deposition is a key process that removes surface O3, affecting air quality, ecosystems and climate change. We conducted O3 deposition measurement over a wheat canopy using a newly relaxed eddy accumulation flux system. Large variabilities in O3 deposition were detected, mainly determined by crop growth and modulated by various environmental factors. More O3 deposition observations over different surfaces are needed for exploring deposition mechanisms and model optimization.
Shuai Wang, Mengyuan Zhang, Hui Zhao, Peng Wang, Sri Harsha Kota, Qingyan Fu, Cong Liu, and Hongliang Zhang
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 3565–3577, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3565-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3565-2024, 2024
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Long-term, open-source, gap-free daily ground-level PM2.5 and PM10 datasets for India (LongPMInd) were reconstructed using a robust machine learning model to support health assessment and air quality management.
Shuai Wang, Mengyuan Zhang, Yueqi Gao, Peng Wang, Qingyan Fu, and Hongliang Zhang
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 3617–3629, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-3617-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-3617-2024, 2024
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Numerical models are widely used in air pollution modeling but suffer from significant biases. The machine learning model designed in this study shows high efficiency in identifying such biases. Meteorology (relative humidity and cloud cover), chemical composition (secondary organic components and dust aerosols), and emission sources (residential activities) are diagnosed as the main drivers of bias in modeling PM2.5, a typical air pollutant. The results will help to improve numerical models.
Jianing Dai, Guy P. Brasseur, Mihalis Vrekoussis, Maria Kanakidou, Kun Qu, Yijuan Zhang, Hongliang Zhang, and Tao Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14127–14158, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14127-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14127-2023, 2023
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In this study, we used a regional chemical transport model to characterize the different parameters of atmospheric oxidative capacity in recent chemical environments in China. These parameters include the production and destruction rates of ozone and other oxidants, the ozone production efficiency, the OH reactivity, and the length of the reaction chain responsible for the formation of ozone and ROx. They are also affected by the aerosol burden in the atmosphere.
Qianqian Gao, Shengqiang Zhu, Kaili Zhou, Jinghao Zhai, Shaodong Chen, Qihuang Wang, Shurong Wang, Jin Han, Xiaohui Lu, Hong Chen, Liwu Zhang, Lin Wang, Zimeng Wang, Xin Yang, Qi Ying, Hongliang Zhang, Jianmin Chen, and Xiaofei Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13049–13060, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13049-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13049-2023, 2023
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Dust is a major source of atmospheric aerosols. Its chemical composition is often assumed to be similar to the parent soil. However, this assumption has not been rigorously verified. Dust aerosols are mainly generated by wind erosion, which may have some chemical selectivity. Mn, Cd and Pb were found to be highly enriched in fine-dust (PM2.5) aerosols. In addition, estimation of heavy metal emissions from dust generation by air quality models may have errors without using proper dust profiles.
Xiaodong Xie, Jianlin Hu, Momei Qin, Song Guo, Min Hu, Dongsheng Ji, Hongli Wang, Shengrong Lou, Cheng Huang, Chong Liu, Hongliang Zhang, Qi Ying, Hong Liao, and Yuanhang Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10563–10578, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10563-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10563-2023, 2023
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The atmospheric age of particles reflects how long particles have been formed and suspended in the atmosphere, which is closely associated with the evolution processes of particles. An analysis of the atmospheric age of PM2.5 provides a unique perspective on the evolution processes of different PM2.5 components. The results also shed lights on how to design effective emission control actions under unfavorable meteorological conditions.
Jianyan Lu, Sunling Gong, Jian Zhang, Jianmin Chen, Lei Zhang, and Chunhong Zhou
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8021–8037, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8021-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8021-2023, 2023
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WRF/CUACE was used to assess the cloud chemistry contribution in China. Firstly, the CUACE cloud chemistry scheme was found to reproduce well the cloud processing and consumption of H2O2, O3, and SO2, as well as the increase of sulfate. Secondly, during cloud availability in December under a heavy pollution episode, sulfate production increased 60–95 % and SO2 was reduced by over 80 %. This study provides a way to analyze the phenomenon of overestimation of SO2 in many chemical transport models.
Yiqun Lu, Yingge Ma, Dan Dan Huang, Shengrong Lou, Sheng'ao Jing, Yaqin Gao, Hongli Wang, Yanjun Zhang, Hui Chen, Yunhua Chang, Naiqiang Yan, Jianmin Chen, Christian George, Matthieu Riva, and Cheng Huang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3233–3245, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3233-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3233-2023, 2023
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N-containing oxygenated organic molecules have been identified as important precursors of aerosol particles. We used an ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometer coupled with an online sample inlet to accurately measure their molecular composition, concentration level and variation patterns. We show their formation process and influencing factors in a Chinese megacity involving various volatile organic compound precursors and atmospheric oxidants, and we highlight the influence of PM2.5 episodes.
Peng Wang, Ruhan Zhang, Shida Sun, Meng Gao, Bo Zheng, Dan Zhang, Yanli Zhang, Gregory R. Carmichael, and Hongliang Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2983–2996, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2983-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2983-2023, 2023
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In China, the number of vehicles has jumped significantly in the last decade. This caused severe traffic congestion and aggravated air pollution. In this study, we developed a new temporal allocation approach to quantify the impacts of traffic congestion. We found that traffic congestion worsens air quality and the health burden across China, especially in the urban clusters. More effective and comprehensive vehicle emission control policies should be implemented to improve air quality in China.
Yu Han, Tao Wang, Rui Li, Hongbo Fu, Yusen Duan, Song Gao, Liwu Zhang, and Jianmin Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2877–2900, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2877-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2877-2023, 2023
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Limited knowledge is available on volatile organic compound (VOC) multi-site research of different land-use types at city level. This study performed a concurrent multi-site observation campaign on the three typical land-use types of Shanghai, East China. The results showed that concentrations, sources and ozone and secondary organic aerosol formation potentials of VOCs varied with the land-use types.
Jian-yan Lu, Sunling Gong, Chun-hong Zhou, Jian Zhang, Jian-min Chen, and Lei Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-716, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-716, 2022
Revised manuscript not accepted
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A regional online chemical weather model WRF/ CUACE was used to assess the contributions of cloud chemistry to the SO2 and sulfate levels in typical regions in China. The cloud chemistry scheme in CUACE was evaluated, and well reproduces the cloud chemistry processes. During cloud availability in a heavy pollution episode, the sulfate production increases 40–80 % and SO2 reduces over 80 %. This study provides a way to analyze the over-estimate phenomenon of SO2 in many chemical transport models.
Tao Wang, Yangyang Liu, Hanyun Cheng, Zhenzhen Wang, Hongbo Fu, Jianmin Chen, and Liwu Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 13467–13493, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13467-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13467-2022, 2022
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This study compared the gas-phase, aqueous-phase, and heterogeneous SO2 oxidation pathways by combining laboratory work with a modelling study. The heterogeneous oxidation, particularly that induced by the dust surface drivers, presents positive implications for the removal of airborne SO2 and formation of sulfate aerosols. This work highlighted the atmospheric significance of heterogeneous oxidation and suggested a comparison model to evaluate the following heterogeneous laboratory research.
Chaoyang Xue, Can Ye, Jörg Kleffmann, Chenglong Zhang, Valéry Catoire, Fengxia Bao, Abdelwahid Mellouki, Likun Xue, Jianmin Chen, Keding Lu, Yong Zhao, Hengde Liu, Zhaoxin Guo, and Yujing Mu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 3149–3167, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-3149-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-3149-2022, 2022
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Summertime measurements of nitrous acid (HONO) and related parameters were conducted at the foot and the summit of Mt. Tai (1534 m above sea level). We proposed a rapid vertical air mass exchange between the foot and the summit level, which enhances the role of HONO in the oxidizing capacity of the upper boundary layer. Kinetics for aerosol-derived HONO sources were constrained. HONO formation from different paths was quantified and discussed.
Wei Sun, Yuzhen Fu, Guohua Zhang, Yuxiang Yang, Feng Jiang, Xiufeng Lian, Bin Jiang, Yuhong Liao, Xinhui Bi, Duohong Chen, Jianmin Chen, Xinming Wang, Jie Ou, Ping'an Peng, and Guoying Sheng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16631–16644, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16631-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16631-2021, 2021
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We sampled cloud water at a remote mountain site and investigated the molecular characteristics. CHON and CHO are dominant in cloud water. No statistical difference in the oxidation state is observed between cloud water and interstitial PM2.5. Most of the formulas are aliphatic and olefinic species. CHON, with aromatic structures and organosulfates, are abundant, especially in nighttime samples. The in-cloud and multi-phase dark reactions likely contribute significantly.
Men Xia, Xiang Peng, Weihao Wang, Chuan Yu, Zhe Wang, Yee Jun Tham, Jianmin Chen, Hui Chen, Yujing Mu, Chenglong Zhang, Pengfei Liu, Likun Xue, Xinfeng Wang, Jian Gao, Hong Li, and Tao Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 15985–16000, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-15985-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-15985-2021, 2021
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ClNO2 is an important precursor of chlorine radical that affects photochemistry. However, its production and impact are not well understood. Our study presents field observations of ClNO2 at three sites in northern China. These observations provide new insights into nighttime processes that produce ClNO2 and the significant impact of ClNO2 on secondary pollutions during daytime. The results improve the understanding of photochemical pollution in the lower part of the atmosphere.
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Short summary
An updated version of the CMAQ model with biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions from MEGAN was applied to study the impacts of different land cover inputs on O3 and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in China. The estimated BVOC emissions ranged from 25.42 to 37.39 Tg using different leaf area index (LAI) and land cover (LC) inputs. Those differences further induced differences of 4.8–6.9 ppb in O3 concentrations and differences of 5.3–8.4 µg m−3 in SOA concentrations in China.
An updated version of the CMAQ model with biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions...
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