Articles | Volume 18, issue 23
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-17029-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-17029-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
03 Dec 2018
Research article |
| 03 Dec 2018
| 03 Dec 2018
Application of a hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer for characterizing PM emissions in exhaust plumes from an aircraft engine burning conventional and alternative fuels
Center of Excellence for Aerospace Particulate Emissions Reduction Research, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA
Prem Lobo
Center of Excellence for Aerospace Particulate Emissions Reduction Research, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA
now at: Metrology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Donald E. Hagen
Center of Excellence for Aerospace Particulate Emissions Reduction Research, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA
Steven C. Achterberg
Center of Excellence for Aerospace Particulate Emissions Reduction Research, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA
Wenyan Liu
Center for Research in Energy and Environment, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA
Philip D. Whitefield
Center of Excellence for Aerospace Particulate Emissions Reduction Research, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA
Related authors
Joel C. Corbin, Tobias Schripp, Bruce E. Anderson, Greg J. Smallwood, Patrick LeClercq, Ewan C. Crosbie, Steven Achterberg, Philip D. Whitefield, Richard C. Miake-Lye, Zhenhong Yu, Andrew Freedman, Max Trueblood, David Satterfield, Wenyan Liu, Patrick Oßwald, Claire Robinson, Michael A. Shook, Richard H. Moore, and Prem Lobo
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 3223–3242, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-3223-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-3223-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The combustion of sustainable aviation fuels in aircraft engines produces particulate matter (PM) emissions with different properties than conventional fuels due to changes in fuel composition. Consequently, the response of various diagnostic instruments to PM emissions may be impacted. We found no significant instrument biases in terms of particle mass, number, and size measurements for conventional and sustainable aviation fuel blends despite large differences in the magnitude of emissions.
Timothy Sipkens, Joel Corbin, Brett Smith, Stephanie Gagné, Prem Lobo, Benjamin Brem, Mark Johnson, and Gregory Smallwood
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2024-1, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2024-1, 2024
Preprint under review for AMT
Short summary
Short summary
Carbonaceous particles, such as soot, contribute to climate forcing, air pollution, and human health. Thermal-optical analysis is a calibration standard used to measure these particles, but significant differences have been observed in the measurements across identical instruments. We report on the reproducibility of these measurements for aircraft emissions, noting that interlaboratory differences increase uncertainties by a factor of 1.2 – 1.6 relative to the laboratory-reported uncertainties.
Joel C. Corbin, Tobias Schripp, Bruce E. Anderson, Greg J. Smallwood, Patrick LeClercq, Ewan C. Crosbie, Steven Achterberg, Philip D. Whitefield, Richard C. Miake-Lye, Zhenhong Yu, Andrew Freedman, Max Trueblood, David Satterfield, Wenyan Liu, Patrick Oßwald, Claire Robinson, Michael A. Shook, Richard H. Moore, and Prem Lobo
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 3223–3242, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-3223-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-3223-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The combustion of sustainable aviation fuels in aircraft engines produces particulate matter (PM) emissions with different properties than conventional fuels due to changes in fuel composition. Consequently, the response of various diagnostic instruments to PM emissions may be impacted. We found no significant instrument biases in terms of particle mass, number, and size measurements for conventional and sustainable aviation fuel blends despite large differences in the magnitude of emissions.
Ruoyang Yuan, Prem Lobo, Greg J. Smallwood, Mark P. Johnson, Matthew C. Parker, Daniel Butcher, and Adrian Spencer
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 241–259, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-241-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-241-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The relationship between the non-volatile particulate matter (nvPM) mass emissions produced by different engine sources and the response of the LII 300 instrument, used for regulatory measurements of nvPM mass emissions in aircraft engine certification tests, was investigated for different sources and operating conditions. Laser fluence optimisation was required for real-time nvPM mass concentration measurements. These results will inform the development of updated calibration protocols.
Dawei Hu, M. Rami Alfarra, Kate Szpek, Justin M. Langridge, Michael I. Cotterell, Claire Belcher, Ian Rule, Zixia Liu, Chenjie Yu, Yunqi Shao, Aristeidis Voliotis, Mao Du, Brett Smith, Greg Smallwood, Prem Lobo, Dantong Liu, Jim M. Haywood, Hugh Coe, and James D. Allan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16161–16182, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16161-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16161-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Here, we developed new techniques for investigating these properties in the laboratory and applied these to BC and BrC from different sources, including diesel exhaust, inverted propane flame and wood combustion. These have allowed us to quantify the changes in shape and chemical composition of different soots according to source and variables such as the moisture content of wood.
Franz Friebel, Prem Lobo, David Neubauer, Ulrike Lohmann, Saskia Drossaart van Dusseldorp, Evelyn Mühlhofer, and Amewu A. Mensah
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 15545–15567, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-15545-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-15545-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the change in cloud droplet activity of size-selected soot particles after being exposed to atmospheric levels of ozone over the course of 12 h. For this, we operated a 3 m3 aerosol chamber in continuous-flow mode. The results were fed into a climate model (ECHAM-HAM). We found that the oxidation of soot particles with ozone is a significant source of cloud condensation nuclei in the atmosphere.
Related subject area
Subject: Aerosols | Research Activity: Field Measurements | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Physics (physical properties and processes)
Amazonian aerosol size distributions in a lognormal phase space: characteristics and trajectories
Measurement report: Hygroscopicity of size-selected aerosol particles in the heavily polluted urban atmosphere of Delhi: impacts of chloride aerosol
An observation-constrained estimation of brown carbon aerosol direct radiative effects
The Puy de Dôme ICe Nucleation Intercomparison Campaign (PICNIC): comparison between online and offline methods in ambient air
Optical properties and simple forcing efficiency of the organic aerosols and black carbon emitted by residential wood burning in rural central Europe
Particle phase state and aerosol liquid water greatly impact secondary aerosol formation: insights into phase transition and its role in haze events
Measurement report: Nocturnal subsidence behind the cold front enhances surface particulate matter in plains regions: observations from the mobile multi-lidar system
Increase in precipitation scavenging contributes to long-term reductions of light-absorbing aerosol in the Arctic
Sea spray emissions from the Baltic Sea: comparison of aerosol eddy covariance fluxes and chamber-simulated sea spray emissions
Attribution of aerosol particle number size distributions to major sources using a 11-year-long urban dataset
Higher absorption enhancement of black carbon in summer shown by 2-year measurements at the high-altitude mountain site of Pic du Midi Observatory in the French Pyrenees
Variations of the atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations, sources, and health risk and the direct medical costs of lung cancer around the Bohai Sea against a background of pollution prevention and control in China
Introducing the novel concept of cumulative concentration roses for studying the transport of ultrafine particles from an airport to adjacent residential areas
Significant spatial gradients in new particle formation frequency in Greece during summer
Impact of desert dust on new particle formation events and the cloud condensation nuclei budget in dust-influenced areas
Active thermokarst regions contain rich sources of ice-nucleating particles
Examining the vertical heterogeneity of aerosols over the Southern Great Plains
Drivers controlling black carbon temporal variability in the lower troposphere of the European Arctic
Extending wind profile beyond the surface layer by combining physical and machine learning approaches
Efficient droplet activation of ambient black carbon particles in sub-urban environment
Opinion: The strength of long-term comprehensive observations to meet multiple grand challenges in different environments and in the atmosphere
Contribution of fluorescent primary biological aerosol particles to low-level Arctic cloud residuals
Measurement report: Size-resolved mass concentration of equivalent black carbon-containing particles larger than 700 nm and their role in radiation
Aerosol absorption using in situ filter-based photometers and ground-based sun photometry in the Po Valley urban atmosphere
Aerosol and dynamical contributions to cloud droplet formation in Arctic low-level clouds
Aircraft ice-nucleating particle and aerosol composition measurements in the western North American Arctic
Mechanisms controlling giant sea salt aerosol size distributions along a tropical orographic coastline
The radiative impact of biomass burning aerosols on dust emissions over Namibia and the long-range transport of smoke observed during AEROCLO-sA
New particle formation leads to enhanced cloud condensation nuclei concentrations on the Antarctic Peninsula
Mixing state and effective density of aerosol particles during the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games
Tropospheric sulfate from Cumbre Vieja volcano at Las Palmas, transported towards Cabo Verde – lidar measurements of aerosol extinction, backscatter and depolarization at 355, 532 and 1064 nm
Quantified effect of seawater biogeochemistry on the temperature dependence of sea spray aerosol fluxes
Annual cycle of aerosol properties over the central Arctic during MOSAiC 2019–2020 – light-extinction, CCN, and INP levels from the boundary layer to the tropopause
3D assimilation and radiative impact assessment of aerosol black carbon over the Indian region using aircraft, balloon, ground-based, and multi-satellite observations
Measurement Report: A comparison of ice-nucleating particle and cloud condensation nuclei sources and properties during autumn at contrasting marine and terrestrial locations
Evaluation of aerosol- and gas-phase tracers for identification of transported biomass burning emissions in an industrially influenced location in Texas, USA
Physicochemical characterization and source apportionment of Arctic ice-nucleating particles observed in Ny-Ålesund in autumn 2019
Cyclones enhance the transport of sea spray aerosols to the high atmosphere in the Southern Ocean
Impact of 2020 COVID-19 lockdowns on particulate air pollution across Europe
New particle formation in the tropical free troposphere during CAMP2Ex: statistics and impact of emission sources, convective activity, and synoptic conditions
Explaining apparent particle shrinkage related to new particle formation events in western Saudi Arabia does not require evaporation
Investigation of the effects of the Greek extreme wildfires of August 2021 on air quality and spectral solar irradiance
Characterization of dust-related new particle formation events based on long-term measurement in the North China Plain
Airborne investigation of black carbon interaction with low-level, persistent, mixed-phase clouds in the Arctic summer
The variation in the particle number size distribution during the rainfall: wet scavenging and air mass changing
Opinion: New directions in atmospheric research offered by research infrastructures combined with open and data-intensive science
Characterization of size-segregated particles' turbulent flux and deposition velocity by eddy correlation method at an Arctic site
Vertical distribution of black carbon and its mixing state in the urban boundary layer in summer
Insights into the size-resolved dust emission from field measurements in the Moroccan Sahara
A new method for the quantification of ambient particulate-matter emission fluxes
Gabriela R. Unfer, Luiz A. T. Machado, Paulo Artaxo, Marco A. Franco, Leslie A. Kremper, Mira L. Pöhlker, Ulrich Pöschl, and Christopher Pöhlker
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3869–3882, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3869-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3869-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Amazonian aerosols and their interactions with precipitation were studied by understanding them in a 3D space based on three parameters that characterize the concentration and size distribution of aerosols. The results showed characteristic arrangements regarding seasonal and diurnal cycles, as well as when interacting with precipitation. The use of this 3D space appears to be a promising tool for aerosol population analysis and for model validation and parameterization.
Anil Kumar Mandariya, Ajit Ahlawat, Mohammed Haneef, Nisar Ali Baig, Kanan Patel, Joshua Apte, Lea Hildebrandt Ruiz, Alfred Wiedensohler, and Gazala Habib
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3627–3647, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3627-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3627-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The current study explores the temporal variation of size-selected particle hygroscopicity in Delhi for the first time. Here, we report that the high volume fraction contribution of ammonium chloride to aerosol governs the high aerosol hygroscopicity and associated liquid water content based on the experimental data. The episodically high ammonium chloride present in Delhi's atmosphere could lead to haze and fog formation under high relative humidity in the region.
Yueyue Cheng, Chao Liu, Jiandong Wang, Jiaping Wang, Zhouyang Zhang, Li Chen, Dafeng Ge, Caijun Zhu, Jinbo Wang, and Aijun Ding
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3065–3078, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3065-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3065-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Brown carbon (BrC), a light-absorbing aerosol, plays a pivotal role in influencing global climate. However, assessing BrC radiative effects remains challenging because the required observational data are hardly accessible. Here we develop a new BrC radiative effect estimation method combining conventional observations and numerical models. Our findings reveal that BrC absorbs up to a third of the sunlight at 370 nm that black carbon does, highlighting its importance in aerosol radiative effects.
Larissa Lacher, Michael P. Adams, Kevin Barry, Barbara Bertozzi, Heinz Bingemer, Cristian Boffo, Yannick Bras, Nicole Büttner, Dimitri Castarede, Daniel J. Cziczo, Paul J. DeMott, Romy Fösig, Megan Goodell, Kristina Höhler, Thomas C. J. Hill, Conrad Jentzsch, Luis A. Ladino, Ezra J. T. Levin, Stephan Mertes, Ottmar Möhler, Kathryn A. Moore, Benjamin J. Murray, Jens Nadolny, Tatjana Pfeuffer, David Picard, Carolina Ramírez-Romero, Mickael Ribeiro, Sarah Richter, Jann Schrod, Karine Sellegri, Frank Stratmann, Benjamin E. Swanson, Erik S. Thomson, Heike Wex, Martin J. Wolf, and Evelyn Freney
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2651–2678, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2651-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2651-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol particles that trigger ice formation in clouds are important for the climate system but are very rare in the atmosphere, challenging measurement techniques. Here we compare three cloud chambers and seven methods for collecting aerosol particles on filters for offline analysis at a mountaintop station. A general good agreement of the methods was found when sampling aerosol particles behind a whole air inlet, supporting their use for obtaining data that can be implemented in models.
Andrea Cuesta-Mosquera, Kristina Glojek, Griša Močnik, Luka Drinovec, Asta Gregorič, Martin Rigler, Matej Ogrin, Baseerat Romshoo, Kay Weinhold, Maik Merkel, Dominik van Pinxteren, Hartmut Herrmann, Alfred Wiedensohler, Mira Pöhlker, and Thomas Müller
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2583–2605, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2583-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2583-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study evaluated the air pollution and climate impacts of residential-wood-burning particle emissions from a rural European site. The authors investigate the optical and physical properties that connect the aerosol emissions with climate by evaluating atmospheric radiative impacts via simple-forcing calculations. The study contributes to reducing the lack of information on the understanding of the optical properties of air pollution from anthropogenic sources.
Xiangxinyue Meng, Zhijun Wu, Jingchuan Chen, Yanting Qiu, Taomou Zong, Mijung Song, Jiyi Lee, and Min Hu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2399–2414, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2399-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2399-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Our study revealed that particles predominantly exist in a semi-solid or solid state during clean winter days with RH below 30 %. However, a non-liquid to a liquid phase transition occurred when the aerosol liquid water (ALW) mass fraction surpassed 15 % (dry mass) at transition RH thresholds ranging from 40 % to 60 %. We also provide insights into the increasingly important roles of particle phase state variation and ALW in secondary particulate growth during haze formation in Beijing, China.
Yiming Wang, Haolin Wang, Yujie Qin, Xinqi Xu, Guowen He, Nanxi Liu, Shengjie Miao, Xiao Lu, Haichao Wang, and Shaojia Fan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2267–2285, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2267-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2267-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted a vertical measurement of winter PM2.5 using a mobile multi-lidar system in four cities. Combined with the surface PM2.5 data, the ERA5 reanalysis data, and GEOS-Chem simulations during Dec 2018–Feb 2019, we found that transport nocturnal PM2.5 enhancement by subsidence (T-NPES) events widely occurred with high frequencies in plains regions in eastern China but happened less often in basin regions like Xi’an and Chengdu. We propose a conceptual model of the T-NPES events.
Dominic Heslin-Rees, Peter Tunved, Johan Ström, Roxana Cremer, Paul Zieger, Ilona Riipinen, Annica M. L. Ekman, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, and Radovan Krejci
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2059–2075, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2059-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2059-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Light-absorbing atmospheric particles (e.g. black carbon – BC) exert a warming effect on the Arctic climate. We show that the amount of particle light absorption decreased from 2002 to 2023. We conclude that in addition to reductions in emissions of BC, wet removal plays a role in the long-term reduction of BC in the Arctic, given the increase in surface precipitation experienced by air masses arriving at the site. The potential impact of biomass burning events is shown to have increased.
Julika Zinke, Ernst Douglas Nilsson, Piotr Markuszewski, Paul Zieger, Eva Monica Mårtensson, Anna Rutgersson, Erik Nilsson, and Matthew Edward Salter
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1895–1918, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1895-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1895-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted two research campaigns in the Baltic Sea, during which we combined laboratory sea spray simulation experiments with flux measurements on a nearby island. To combine these two methods, we scaled the laboratory measurements to the flux measurements using three different approaches. As a result, we derived a parameterization that is dependent on wind speed and wave state for particles with diameters 0.015–10 μm. This parameterization is applicable to low-salinity waters.
Máté Vörösmarty, Philip K. Hopke, and Imre Salma
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-316, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-316, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The World Health Organization identified the ultrafine particles, which make up most of the particle number concentrations, as a potential risk factor for humans. The sources of particle numbers are very different from those of the particulate matter mass. We performed source apportionment of size segregated particle number concentrations over the diameter range of 6–1000 nm in Budapest for 11 full years. Six source types were identified, characterised, and quantified.
Sarah Tinorua, Cyrielle Denjean, Pierre Nabat, Thierry Bourrianne, Véronique Pont, François Gheusi, and Emmanuel Leclerc
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1801–1824, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1801-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1801-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
At a French high-altitude site, where many complex interactions between black carbon (BC), radiation, clouds and snow impact climate, 2 years of refractive BC (rBC) and aerosol optical and microphysical measurements have been made. We observed strong seasonal rBC properties variations, with an enhanced absorption in summer compared to winter. The combination of rBC emission sources, transport pathways, atmospheric dynamics and chemical processes explains the rBC light absorption seasonality.
Wenwen Ma, Rong Sun, Xiaoping Wang, Zheng Zong, Shizhen Zhao, Zeyu Sun, Chongguo Tian, Jianhui Tang, Song Cui, Jun Li, and Gan Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1509–1523, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1509-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1509-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This is the first report of long-term atmospheric PAH monitoring around the Bohai Sea. The results showed that the concentrations of PAHs in the atmosphere around the Bohai Sea decreased from June 2014 to May 2019, especially the concentrations of highly toxic PAHs. This indicates that the contributions from PAH sources changed to a certain extent in different areas, and it also led to reductions in the related health risk and medical costs following pollution prevention and control.
Julius Seidler, Markus N. Friedrich, Christoph K. Thomas, and Anke C. Nölscher
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 137–153, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-137-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-137-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Here, we study the transport of ultrafine particles (UFPs) from an airport to two new adjacent measuring sites for 1 year. The number of UFPs in the air and the diurnal variation are typical urban. Winds from the airport show increased number concentrations. Additionally, considering wind frequencies, we estimate that, from all UFPs measured at the two sites, 10 %–14 % originate from the airport and/or other UFP sources from between the airport and site.
Andreas Aktypis, Christos Kaltsonoudis, David Patoulias, Panayiotis Kalkavouras, Angeliki Matrali, Christina N. Vasilakopoulou, Evangelia Kostenidou, Kalliopi Florou, Nikos Kalivitis, Aikaterini Bougiatioti, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Stergios Vratolis, Maria I. Gini, Athanasios Kouras, Constantini Samara, Mihalis Lazaridis, Sofia-Eirini Chatoutsidou, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, and Spyros N. Pandis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 65–84, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-65-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-65-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Extensive continuous particle number size distribution measurements took place during two summers (2020 and 2021) at 11 sites in Greece for the investigation of the frequency and the spatial extent of new particle formation. The frequency during summer varied from close to zero in southwestern Greece to more than 60 % in the northern, central, and eastern regions. The spatial variability can be explained by the proximity of the sites to coal-fired power plants and agricultural areas.
Juan Andrés Casquero-Vera, Daniel Pérez-Ramírez, Hassan Lyamani, Fernando Rejano, Andrea Casans, Gloria Titos, Francisco José Olmo, Lubna Dada, Simo Hakala, Tareq Hussein, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Pauli Paasonen, Antti Hyvärinen, Noemí Pérez, Xavier Querol, Sergio Rodríguez, Nikos Kalivitis, Yenny González, Mansour A. Alghamdi, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Andrés Alastuey, Tuukka Petäjä, and Lucas Alados-Arboledas
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15795–15814, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15795-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15795-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Here we present the first study of the effect of mineral dust on the inhibition/promotion of new particle formation (NPF) events in different dust-influenced areas. Unexpectedly, we show that the occurrence of NPF events is highly frequent during mineral dust outbreaks, occurring even during extreme dust outbreaks. We also show that the occurrence of NPF events during mineral dust outbreaks significantly affects the potential cloud condensation nuclei budget.
Kevin R. Barry, Thomas C. J. Hill, Marina Nieto-Caballero, Thomas A. Douglas, Sonia M. Kreidenweis, Paul J. DeMott, and Jessie M. Creamean
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15783–15793, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15783-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15783-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) are important for the climate due to their influence on cloud properties. To understand potential land-based sources of them in the Arctic, we carried out a survey near the northernmost point of Alaska, a landscape connected to the permafrost (thermokarst). Permafrost contained high concentrations of INPs, with the largest values near the coast. The thermokarst lakes were found to emit INPs, and the water contained elevated concentrations.
Yang Wang, Chanakya Bagya Ramesh, Scott E. Giangrande, Jerome Fast, Xianda Gong, Jiaoshi Zhang, Ahmet Tolga Odabasi, Marcus Vinicius Batista Oliveira, Alyssa Matthews, Fan Mei, John E. Shilling, Jason Tomlinson, Die Wang, and Jian Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15671–15691, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15671-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15671-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We report the vertical profiles of aerosol properties over the Southern Great Plains (SGP), a region influenced by shallow convective clouds, land–atmosphere interactions, boundary layer turbulence, and the aerosol life cycle. We examined the processes that drive the aerosol population and distribution in the lower troposphere over the SGP. This study helps improve our understanding of aerosol–cloud interactions and the model representation of aerosol processes.
Stefania Gilardoni, Dominic Heslin-Rees, Mauro Mazzola, Vito Vitale, Michael Sprenger, and Radovan Krejci
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15589–15607, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15589-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15589-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Models still fail in reproducing black carbon (BC) temporal variability in the Arctic. Analysis of equivalent BC concentrations in the European Arctic shows that BC seasonal variability is modulated by the efficiency of removal by precipitation during transport towards high latitudes. Short-term variability is controlled by synoptic-scale circulation patterns. The advection of warm air from lower latitudes is an effective pollution transport pathway during summer.
Boming Liu, Xin Ma, Jianping Guo, Hui Li, Shikuan Jin, Yingying Ma, and Wei Gong
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2727, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2727, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Accurate estimation of the wind profile, especially in the lowest few hundred meters of the atmosphere, is of great significance for weather, climate and renewable energy. Here, we propose a novel method that combines the power law method with the random forest algorithm to extend wind profiles beyond the surface layer. Compared with traditional algorithm, this method has better stability and spatial applicability, which can be used to obtain the wind profiles on different land cover types.
Ping Tian, Dantong Liu, Kang Hu, Yangzhou Wu, Mengyu Huang, Hui He, Jiujiang Sheng, Chenjie Yu, Dawei Hu, and Deping Ding
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2744, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2744, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The results here thus provide direct evidence of efficient droplet activation of BC, and the CCN activation fraction of BC was higher than all-particle suggested the higher CCN activity of BC though its hygroscopicity is lower. Our research reveals that the evolution of BC's hygroscopicity and its CCN activation properties through atmospheric aging can be effectively characterized by the photochemical age.
Markku Kulmala, Anna Lintunen, Hanna Lappalainen, Annele Virtanen, Chao Yan, Ekaterina Ezhova, Tuomo Nieminen, Ilona Riipinen, Risto Makkonen, Johanna Tamminen, Anu-Maija Sundström, Antti Arola, Armin Hansel, Kari Lehtinen, Timo Vesala, Tuukka Petäjä, Jaana Bäck, Tom Kokkonen, and Veli-Matti Kerminen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14949–14971, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14949-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14949-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
To be able to meet global grand challenges, we need comprehensive open data with proper metadata. In this opinion paper, we describe the SMEAR (Station for Measuring Earth surface – Atmosphere Relations) concept and include several examples (cases), such as new particle formation and growth, feedback loops and the effect of COVID-19, and what has been learned from these investigations. The future needs and the potential of comprehensive observations of the environment are summarized.
Gabriel Pereira Freitas, Ben Kopec, Kouji Adachi, Radovan Krejci, Dominic Heslin-Rees, Karl Espen Yttri, Alun Hubbard, Jeffrey M. Welker, and Paul Zieger
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2600, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2600, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Bioaerosols can participate in ice formation within clouds. In the Arctic, where global warming manifests most, they may become increasingly more important as their sources are prevailing for a longer period of the year. We have directly measured bioaerosols within clouds for a full year at an Arctic mountain site using a novel combination of cloud particle sampling and single-particle techniques. We show that bioaerosols act as cloud seeds and may influence the presence of ice within clouds.
Weilun Zhao, Ying Li, Gang Zhao, Song Guo, Nan Ma, Shuya Hu, and Chunsheng Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14889–14902, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14889-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14889-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Studies have concentrated on particles containing black carbon (BC) smaller than 700 nm because of technical limitations. In this study, BC-containing particles larger than 700 nm (BC>700) were measured, highlighting their importance to total BC mass and absorption. The contribution of BC>700 to the BC direct radiative effect was estimated, highlighting the necessity to consider the whole size range of BC-containing particles in the model estimation of BC radiative effects.
Alessandro Bigi, Giorgio Veratti, Elisabeth Andrews, Martine Collaud Coen, Lorenzo Guerrieri, Vera Bernardoni, Dario Massabò, Luca Ferrero, Sergio Teggi, and Grazia Ghermandi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14841–14869, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14841-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14841-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric particles include compounds that play a key role in the greenhouse effect and air toxicity. Concurrent observations of these compounds by multiple instruments are presented, following deployment within an urban environment in the Po Valley, one of Europe's pollution hotspots. The study compares these data, highlighting the impact of ground emissions, mainly vehicular traffic and biomass burning, on the absorption of sun radiation and, ultimately, on climate change and air quality.
Ghislain Motos, Gabriel Freitas, Paraskevi Georgakaki, Jörg Wieder, Guangyu Li, Wenche Aas, Chris Lunder, Radovan Krejci, Julie Thérèse Pasquier, Jan Henneberger, Robert Oscar David, Christoph Ritter, Claudia Mohr, Paul Zieger, and Athanasios Nenes
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13941–13956, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13941-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13941-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Low-altitude clouds play a key role in regulating the climate of the Arctic, a region that suffers from climate change more than any other on the planet. We gathered meteorological and aerosol physical and chemical data over a year and utilized them for a parameterization that help us unravel the factors driving and limiting the efficiency of cloud droplet formation. We then linked this information to the sources of aerosol found during each season and to processes of cloud glaciation.
Alberto Sanchez-Marroquin, Sarah L. Barr, Ian T. Burke, James B. McQuaid, and Benjamin J. Murray
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13819–13834, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13819-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13819-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The sources and concentrations of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) in the Arctic are still poorly understood. Here we report aircraft-based INP concentrations and aerosol composition in the western North American Arctic. The concentrations of INPs and all aerosol particles were low. The aerosol samples contained mostly sea salt and dust particles. Dust particles were more relevant for the INP concentrations than sea salt. However, dust alone cannot account for all of the measured INPs.
Katherine L. Ackerman, Alison D. Nugent, and Chung Taing
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13735–13753, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13735-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13735-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Sea salt aerosol is an important marine aerosol that may be produced in greater quantities in coastal regions than over the open ocean. This study observed these particles along the windward coastline of O'ahu, Hawai'i, to understand how wind and waves influence their production and dispersal. Overall, wave heights were the strongest variable correlated with changes in aerosol concentrations, while wind speeds played an important role in their horizontal dispersal and vertical mixing.
Cyrille Flamant, Jean-Pierre Chaboureau, Marco Gaetani, Kerstin Schepanski, and Paola Formenti
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2371, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2371, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In the austral dry season, the atmospheric composition over southern Africa is dominated by biomass burning aerosols and terrigenous aerosols (so-called mineral dust). This study suggests that the radiative effect of biomass burning aerosols needs to be taken into account to properly forecast dust emissions in Namibia.
Jiyeon Park, Hyojin Kang, Yeontae Gim, Eunho Jang, Ki-Tae Park, Sangjong Park, Chang Hoon Jung, Darius Ceburnis, Colin O'Dowd, and Young Jun Yoon
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13625–13646, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13625-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13625-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We measured the number size distribution of 2.5–300 nm particles and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) number concentrations at King Sejong Station on the Antarctic Peninsula continuously from 1 January to 31 December 2018. During the pristine and clean periods, 97 new particle formation (NPF) events were detected. For 83 of these, CCN concentrations increased by 2 %–268 % (median 44 %) following 1 to 36 h (median 8 h) after NPF events.
Aodong Du, Jiaxing Sun, Hang Liu, Weiqi Xu, Wei Zhou, Yuting Zhang, Lei Li, Xubing Du, Yan Li, Xiaole Pan, Zifa Wang, and Yele Sun
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13597–13611, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13597-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13597-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We characterized the impacts of emission controls on particle mixing state and density during the Beijing Olympic Winter Games using a SPAMS in tandem with a DMA and an AAC. OC and sulfate-containing particles increased, while those from primary emissions decreased. The effective particle densities increased and varied largely for different particles, highlighting the impacts of aging and formation processes on the changes of particle density and mixing state.
Henriette Gebauer, Athena Augusta Floutsi, Moritz Haarig, Martin Radenz, Ronny Engelmann, Dietrich Althausen, Annett Skupin, Albert Ansmann, Cordula Zenk, and Holger Baars
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2305, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2305, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Sulfate aerosol from the volcanic eruption at Las Palmas in 2021 was observed over Cabo Verde. The impact of the eruption was observable even 1500 km away from the emission source and led to an extraordinary strong pollution in the lowermost atmosphere above Cabo Verde. We characterized the aerosol burden based on lidar and sun photometer observations. We compared the volcanic case to the typical background conditions (reference case) to quantify the volcanic pollution.
Karine Sellegri, Theresa Barthelmeß, Jonathan Trueblood, Antonia Cristi, Evelyn Freney, Clémence Rose, Neill Barr, Mike Harvey, Karl Safi, Stacy Deppeler, Karen Thompson, Wayne Dillon, Anja Engel, and Cliff Law
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12949–12964, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12949-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12949-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The amount of sea spray emitted to the atmosphere depends on the ocean temperature, but this dependency is not well understood, especially when ocean biology is involved. In this study, we show that sea spray emissions are increased by up to a factor of 4 at low seawater temperatures compared to moderate temperatures, and we quantify the temperature dependence as a function of the ocean biogeochemistry.
Albert Ansmann, Kevin Ohneiser, Ronny Engelmann, Martin Radenz, Hannes Griesche, Julian Hofer, Dietrich Althausen, Jessie M. Creamean, Matthew C. Boyer, Daniel A. Knopf, Sandro Dahlke, Marion Maturilli, Henriette Gebauer, Johannes Bühl, Cristofer Jimenez, Patric Seifert, and Ulla Wandinger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12821–12849, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12821-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12821-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The 1-year MOSAiC (2019–2020) expedition with the German ice breaker Polarstern was the largest polar field campaign ever conducted. The Polarstern, with our lidar aboard, drifted with the pack ice north of 85° N for more than 7 months (October 2019 to mid-May 2020). We measured the full annual cycle of aerosol conditions in terms of aerosol optical and cloud-process-relevant properties. We observed a strong contrast between polluted winter and clean summer aerosol conditions.
Nair Krishnan Kala, Narayana Sarma Anand, Mohanan R. Manoj, Srinivasan Prasanth, Harshavardhana S. Pathak, Thara Prabhakaran, Pramod D. Safai, Krishnaswamy K. Moorthy, and Sreedharan K. Satheesh
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12801–12819, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12801-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12801-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present a 3D data set of aerosol black carbon over the Indian mainland by assimilating data from surface, aircraft, and balloon measurements, along with multi-satellite observations. Radiative transfer computations using height-resolved aerosol absorption show higher warming in the free troposphere and will have large implications for atmospheric stability. This data set will help reduce the uncertainty in aerosol radiative effects in climate model simulations over the Indian region.
Elise K. Wilbourn, Larissa Lacher, Carlos Guerrero, Hemanth S. K. Vepuri, Kristina Höhler, Jens Nadolny, Ottmar Möhler, and Naruki Hiranuma
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1456, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1456, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ambient ice and cloud particles were measured at terrestrial and temperate marine sites. Ice particles were more abundant in the former site while the fraction of ice particles relative to total ambient particles was higher in the latter site. We found continental and biogenic materials as a major source of ice particles in the terrestrial site. A positive correlation was found for ice and cloud particle concentrations in the marine site, implying they originate from the same source.
Sujan Shrestha, Shan Zhou, Manisha Mehra, Meghan Guagenti, Subin Yoon, Sergio L. Alvarez, Fangzhou Guo, Chun-Ying Chao, James H. Flynn III, Yuxuan Wang, Robert J. Griffin, Sascha Usenko, and Rebecca J. Sheesley
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10845–10867, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10845-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10845-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We evaluated different methods for assessing the influence of long-range transport of biomass burning (BB) plumes at a coastal site in Texas, USA. We show that the aerosol composition and optical properties exhibited good agreement, while CO and acetonitrile trends were less specific for assessing BB source influence. Our results demonstrate that the network of aerosol optical measurements can be useful for identifying the influence of aged BB plumes in anthropogenically influenced areas.
Guangyu Li, Elise K. Wilbourn, Zezhen Cheng, Jörg Wieder, Allison Fagerson, Jan Henneberger, Ghislain Motos, Rita Traversi, Sarah D. Brooks, Mauro Mazzola, Swarup China, Athanasios Nenes, Ulrike Lohmann, Naruki Hiranuma, and Zamin A. Kanji
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10489–10516, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10489-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10489-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we present results from an Arctic field campaign (NASCENT) in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, on the abundance, variability, physicochemical properties, and potential sources of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) relevant for mixed-phase cloud formation. This work improves the data coverage of Arctic INPs and aerosol properties, allowing for the validation of models predicting cloud microphysical and radiative properties of mixed-phase clouds in the rapidly warming Arctic.
Jun Shi, Jinpei Yan, Shanshan Wang, Shuhui Zhao, Miming Zhang, Suqing Xu, Qi Lin, Hang Yang, and Siying Dai
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10349–10359, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10349-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10349-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
An underway aerosol-monitoring system was used to determine the Na+ concentration during different cyclone periods in the Southern Ocean in order to assess the potential effects of cyclones on sea spray aerosol (SSA) emissions. It was estimated that more than 23 % of SSAs were transported upwards during cyclone periods. Vertically transported SSAs can be regarded as an important source of CCN and hence have an effect on climate in the middle and high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere.
Jean-Philippe Putaud, Enrico Pisoni, Alexander Mangold, Christoph Hueglin, Jean Sciare, Michael Pikridas, Chrysanthos Savvides, Jakub Ondracek, Saliou Mbengue, Alfred Wiedensohler, Kay Weinhold, Maik Merkel, Laurent Poulain, Dominik van Pinxteren, Hartmut Herrmann, Andreas Massling, Claus Nordstroem, Andrés Alastuey, Cristina Reche, Noemí Pérez, Sonia Castillo, Mar Sorribas, Jose Antonio Adame, Tuukka Petaja, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Jarkko Niemi, Véronique Riffault, Joel F. de Brito, Augustin Colette, Olivier Favez, Jean-Eudes Petit, Valérie Gros, Maria I. Gini, Stergios Vratolis, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Evangelia Diapouli, Hugo Denier van der Gon, Karl Espen Yttri, and Wenche Aas
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10145–10161, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10145-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10145-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Many European people are still exposed to levels of air pollution that can affect their health. COVID-19 lockdowns in 2020 were used to assess the impact of the reduction in human mobility on air pollution across Europe by comparing measurement data with values that would be expected if no lockdown had occurred. We show that lockdown measures did not lead to consistent decreases in the concentrations of fine particulate matter suspended in the air, and we investigate why.
Qian Xiao, Jiaoshi Zhang, Yang Wang, Luke D. Ziemba, Ewan Crosbie, Edward L. Winstead, Claire E. Robinson, Joshua P. DiGangi, Glenn S. Diskin, Jeffrey S. Reid, K. Sebastian Schmidt, Armin Sorooshian, Miguel Ricardo A. Hilario, Sarah Woods, Paul Lawson, Snorre A. Stamnes, and Jian Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9853–9871, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9853-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9853-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Using recent airborne measurements, we show that the influences of anthropogenic emissions, transport, convective clouds, and meteorology lead to new particle formation (NPF) under a variety of conditions and at different altitudes in tropical marine environments. NPF is enhanced by fresh urban emissions in convective outflow but is suppressed in air masses influenced by aged urban emissions where reactive precursors are mostly consumed while particle surface area remains relatively high.
Simo Hakala, Ville Vakkari, Heikki Lihavainen, Antti-Pekka Hyvärinen, Kimmo Neitola, Jenni Kontkanen, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Markku Kulmala, Tuukka Petäjä, Tareq Hussein, Mamdouh I. Khoder, Mansour A. Alghamdi, and Pauli Paasonen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9287–9321, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9287-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9287-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Things are not always as they first seem in ambient aerosol measurements. Observations of decreasing particle sizes are often interpreted as resulting from particle evaporation. We show that such observations can counterintuitively be explained by particles that are constantly growing in size. This requires one to account for the previous movements of the observed air. Our explanation implies a larger number of larger particles, meaning more significant effects of aerosols on climate and health.
Akriti Masoom, Ilias Fountoulakis, Stelios Kazadzis, Ioannis-Panagiotis Raptis, Anna Kampouri, Basil E. Psiloglou, Dimitra Kouklaki, Kyriakoula Papachristopoulou, Eleni Marinou, Stavros Solomos, Anna Gialitaki, Dimitra Founda, Vasileios Salamalikis, Dimitris Kaskaoutis, Natalia Kouremeti, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, Vassilis Amiridis, Andreas Kazantzidis, Alexandros Papayannis, Christos S. Zerefos, and Kostas Eleftheratos
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8487–8514, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8487-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8487-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We analyse the spatial and temporal aerosol spectral optical properties during the extreme wildfires of August 2021 in Greece and assess their effects on air quality and solar radiation quantities related to health, agriculture, and energy. Different aerosol conditions are identified (pure smoke, pure dust, dust–smoke together); the largest impact on solar radiation quantities is found for cases with mixed dust–smoke aerosols. Such situations are expected to occur more frequently in the future.
Xiaojing Shen, Junying Sun, Huizheng Che, Yangmei Zhang, Chunhong Zhou, Ke Gui, Wanyun Xu, Quan Liu, Junting Zhong, Can Xia, Xinyao Hu, Sinan Zhang, Jialing Wang, Shuo Liu, Jiayuan Lu, Aoyuan Yu, and Xiaoye Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8241–8257, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8241-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8241-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
New particle formation (NPF) events occur when the dust episodes' fade is analysed based on long-term measurement of particle number size distribution. Analysis shows that the observed formation and growth rates are approximately 50 % of and 30 % lower than those of other NPF events. As a consequence of the uptake of precursor gases on mineral dust, the physical and chemical properties of submicron particles, as well as the ability to be cloud condensation nuclei, can be changed.
Marco Zanatta, Stephan Mertes, Olivier Jourdan, Regis Dupuy, Emma Järvinen, Martin Schnaiter, Oliver Eppers, Johannes Schneider, Zsófia Jurányi, and Andreas Herber
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7955–7973, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7955-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7955-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Black carbon (BC) particles influence the Arctic radiative balance. Vertical measurements of black carbon were conducted during the ACLOUD campaign in the European Arctic to study the interaction of BC with clouds. This study shows that clouds influence the vertical variability of BC properties across the inversion layer and that multiple activation and transformation mechanisms of BC may occur in the presence of low-level, persistent, mixed-phase clouds.
Guangdong Niu, Ximeng Qi, Liangduo Chen, Lian Xue, Shiyi Lai, Xin Huang, Jiaping Wang, Xuguang Chi, Wei Nie, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Tuukka Petäjä, Markku Kulmala, and Aijun Ding
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7521–7534, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7521-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7521-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The reported below-cloud wet-scavenging coefficients (BWSCs) are much higher than theoretical data, but the reason remains unclear. Based on long-term observation, we find that air mass changing during rainfall events causes the overestimation of BWSCs. Thus, the discrepancy in BWSCs between observation and theory is not as large as currently believed. To obtain reasonable BWSCs and parameterizations from field observations, the effect of air mass changes needs to be considered.
Andreas Petzold, Ulrich Bundke, Anca Hienola, Paolo Laj, Cathrine Lund Myhre, Alex Vermeulen, Angeliki Adamaki, Werner Kutsch, Valerie Thouret, Damien Boulanger, Markus Fiebig, Markus Stocker, Zhiming Zhao, and Ari Asmi
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1423, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1423, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The atmosphere-centred European environmental research infrastructures ACTRIS, IAGOS and ICOS can assume a leading role in atmospheric sciences thanks to their capacities for acquisition and reporting of long-term and high-quality observational data. We elaborate on the novel research opportunities which evolve from the combination of open access to data, data interoperability and tools and technologies offered by data-intensive science through the European Open Science Cloud.
Antonio Donateo, Gianluca Pappaccogli, Daniela Famulari, Mauro Mazzola, Federico Scoto, and Stefano Decesari
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7425–7445, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7425-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7425-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This work aims to measure the turbulent fluxes and the dry deposition velocity for size-segregated particles (from ultrafine to quasi-coarse range) at an Arctic site (Svalbard). Aiming to characterize the effect of surface properties on dry deposition, continuous observations were performed from the coldest months (on snow surface) to the snow melting period and throughout the summer (snow-free surface). A data fit of the deposition velocity as a function of particle diameters will be provided.
Hang Liu, Xiaole Pan, Shandong Lei, Yuting Zhang, Aodong Du, Weijie Yao, Guiqian Tang, Tao Wang, Jinyuan Xin, Jie Li, Yele Sun, Junji Cao, and Zifa Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7225–7239, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7225-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7225-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We provide the average vertical profiles of black carbon (BC) concentration, size distribution and coating thickness at different times of the day in an urban area based on 112 vertical profiles. In addition, it is found that BC in the residual layer generally has a thicker coating, higher absorption enhancement and hygroscopicity than on the surface. Such aged BC could enter into the boundary layer and influence the BC properties in the early morning.
Cristina González-Flórez, Martina Klose, Andrés Alastuey, Sylvain Dupont, Jerónimo Escribano, Vicken Etyemezian, Adolfo Gonzalez-Romero, Yue Huang, Konrad Kandler, George Nikolich, Agnesh Panta, Xavier Querol, Cristina Reche, Jesús Yus-Díez, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7177–7212, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7177-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7177-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric mineral dust consists of tiny mineral particles that are emitted by wind erosion from arid regions. Its particle size distribution (PSD) affects its impact on the Earth's system. Nowadays, there is an incomplete understanding of the emitted dust PSD and a lot of debate about its variability. Here, we try to address these issues based on the measurements performed during a wind erosion and dust emission field campaign in the Moroccan Sahara within the framework of FRAGMENT project.
Stergios Vratolis, Evangelia Diapouli, Manousos I. Manousakas, Susana Marta Almeida, Ivan Beslic, Zsofia Kertesz, Lucyna Samek, and Konstantinos Eleftheriadis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6941–6961, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6941-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6941-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Using a dataset from 16 European and Asian cities we develop a new method so as to identify and quantify the emission fluxes from each geographic grid cell for secondary sulfate and dust aerosol. The information provided by the new method allows the implementation of targeted mitigation measures. The new method could be applied to several other pollutants (e.g., black carbon).
Cited articles
ASTM International: Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing
Synthesized Hydrocarbons, ASTM D7566, West Conshohocken, PA, https://doi.org/10.1520/D7566-16B, 2016.
Beyersdorf, A. J., Timko, M. T., Ziemba, L. D., Bulzan, D., Corporan, E.,
Herndon, S. C., Howard, R., Miake-Lye, R., Thornhill, K. L., Winstead, E., Wey,
C., Yu, Z., and Anderson, B. E.: Reductions in aircraft particulate emissions
due to the use of Fischer–Tropsch fuels, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 11–23,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-11-2014, 2014.
Biskos, G., Paulsen, D., Russell, L. M., Fuseck, P. R., and Martin, S. T.:
Prompt deliquescence and efflorescence of aerosol nanoparticles, Atmos. Chem.
Phys., 6, 4633–4642, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-4633-2006, 2006.
Brasseur, G. P., Gupta, M., Anderson, B. E., Balasubramanian, S., Barrett, S.,
Duda, D., Fleming, G., Forster, P. M., Fuglestvedt, J., Gettelman, A., Halthore,
R. N., Jacob, S. D., Jacobson, M. Z., Khodayari, A., Liou, K. N., Lund, M. T.,
Miake-Lye, R. C., Minnis, P., Olsen, S., Penner, J. E., Prinn, R., Schumann, U.,
Selkirk, H. B., Sokolov, A., Unger, N., Wolfe, P., Wong, H. W., Wuebbles, D. W.,
Yi, B., Yang, P., and Zhou, C.: Impact of aviation on climate: FAA's Aviation
Climate Change Research Initiative (ACCRI) Phase II, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc.,
97, 561–583, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00089.1, 2016.
Brunelle-Yeung, E., Masek, T., Rojo, J. J., Levy, J. I., Arunachalam, S.,
Miller, S. M., Barrett, S. R. H., Kuhn, S. R., and Waitz, I. A.: Assessing the
impact of aviation environmental policies on public health, Transport Policy,
34, 21–28, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2014.02.015, 2014.
Cocker, D. R., Flagan, R. C., and Seinfeld, J. H.: State-of-the-Art Chamber
Facility for Studying Atmospheric Aerosol Chemistry, Environ. Sci. Technol.,
35, 2594–2601, https://doi.org/10.1021/es0019169, 2001.
Corporan, E., Edwards, T., Shafer, L., DeWitt, M. J., Klingshirn, C., Zabarnick,
S., West, Z., Striebich, R., Graham, J., and Klein, J.: Chemical, Thermal
Stability, Seal Swell, and Emissions Studies of Alternative Jet Fuels, Energy
Fuels, 25, 955–966, https://doi.org/10.1021/ef101520v, 2011.
Cubison, M. J., Coe, H., and Gysel, M.: A modified hygroscopic tandem DMA and
a data retrieval method based on optimal estimation, J. Aerosol Sci., 36,
846–865, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2004.11.009, 2005.
Ferron, G. A., Karg, E., Busch, B., and Heyder, J.: Ambient particles at an
urban, semi-urban and rural site in Central Europe: hygroscopic properties,
Atmos. Environ., 39, 343–352, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.09.015, 2005.
Fitzgerald, J., Rogers, J., and Hudson, C. F.: Review of isothermal haze
chamber performance, J. Rech. Atmos., 15, 333-346, 1981.
Fors, E. O., Rissler, J., Massling, A., Svenningsson, B., Andreae, M. O.,
Dusek, U., Frank, G. P., Hoffer, A., Bilde, M., Kiss, G., Janitsek, S., Henning,
S., Facchini, M. C., Decesari, S., and Swietlicki, E.: Hygroscopic properties
of Amazonian biomass burning and European background HULUS and investigation of
their effects on surface tension with two models linking H-TDMA to CCNC data,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 5625–5639, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-5625-2010, 2010.
Gysel, M., Nyeki, S., Weingartner, E., Baltensperger, U., Giebl, H., Hitzenberger,
R., Petzold, A., and Wilson, C. W.: Properties of jet engine combustion particles
during the PartEmis experiment, Hygroscopicity at subsaturated conditions,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 20-1–20-4, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GL016896, 2003.
Gysel, M., Crosier, J., Topping, D. O., Whitehead, J. D., Bower, K. N., Cubison,
M. J., Williams, P. I., Flynn, M. J., McFiggans, G. B., and Coe, H.: Closure
study between chemical composition and hygroscopic growth of aerosol particles
during TORCH2, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 6131–6144, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-6131-2007, 2007.
Hagen, D. E. and Alofs, D. J.: Linear inversion method to obtain aerosol size
distributions from measurements with a differential mobility analyzer, Aerosol
Sci. Tech., 2, 465–475, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786828308958650, 1983.
Hagen, D. E., Lobo, P., Whitefield, P. D., Trueblood, M. B., Alofs, D. J., and
Schmid, O.: Performance Evaluation of a Fast Mobility-Based Particle Spectrometer
for Aircraft Exhaust, J. Propul. Power, 25, 628–634, https://doi.org/10.2514/1.37654, 2009.
Hamer, W. J. and Wu, Y.-C.: Osmotic coefficients and mean activity coefficients
of uni-univalent electrolytes in water at 25C, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1,
1–54, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3253108, 1972.
Hämeri, K., Väkevä, M., Hansson, H.-C., and Laaksonen, A.: Hygroscopic
growth of ultrafine ammonium sulphate aerosol measured using an ultrafine tandem
differential mobility analyser, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 22231–22242,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD900220, 2000.
Hämeri, K., Laaksonen, A., Väkevä, M., and Suni, T.: Hygroscopic
growth of ultrafine sodium chloride particles, J. Geophys. Res., 106,
20749–20757, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD000200, 2001.
Hennig, T., Massling, A., Brechtel, F. J., and Wiedensohler, A.: A Tandem DMA
for highly temperature-stabilized hygroscopic particle growth measurements
between 90 % and 98 % relative humidity, J. Aerosol Sci., 36, 1210–1223,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2005.01.005, 2005.
Holmgren, H., Sellegri, K., Hervo, M., Rose, C., Freney, E., Villani, P., and
Laj, P.: Hygroscopic properties and mixing state of aerosol measured at the
high-altitude site Puy de Dome (1465 m a.s.l.), France, Atmos. Chem. Phys.,
14, 9537–9554, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-9537-2014, 2014.
Horvath, H.: Estimation of the Average Visibility in Central Europe, Atmos.
Environ., 29, 241–246, https://doi.org/10.1016/1352-2310(94)00236-E, 1995.
Hu, D., Qiao, L., Chen, J., Ye, X., Yang, X., Cheng, T., and Fang, W.:
Hygroscopicity of inorganic aerosols: Size and Relative Humidity Effects on
the Growth Factor, Aerosol Air Qual. Res., 10, 255–264, https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2009.12.0076, 2010.
Johnson, G. R., Fletcher, C., Meyer, N., Modini, R., and Ristovski, Z. D.: A
robust, portable H-TDMA for field use, J. Aerosol Sci., 39, 850–861,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2008.05.005, 2008.
Kim, Y. J., Kim, K. W., Kim, S. D., Lee, B. K., and Han, J. S.: Fine particulate
matter characteristics and its impact on visibility impairment at two urban
sites in Korea: Seoul and Incheon, Atmos. Environ., 40, S593–S605,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.11.076, 2006.
Lee, D. S., Fahey, D. W., Forster, P. M., Newton, P. J., Wit, R. C. N., Lim,
L. L., Owen, B., and Sausen, R.: Aviation and global climate change in the
21st century, Atmos. Environ., 43, 3520–3537, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.04.024, 2009.
Levy, J. I., Woody, M., Baek, B. H., Shankar, U., and Arunachalam, S.: Current
and future particulate-matter-related mortality risks in the United States from
aviation emissions during landing and takeoff, Risk Analysis, 32, 237–249,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01660.x, 2012.
Lobo, P., Hagen, D. E., Whitefield, P. D., and Alofs, D. J.: Physical
characterization of aerosol emissions from a commercial gas turbine engine,
J. Propul. Power, 23, 919–929, https://doi.org/10.2514/1.26772, 2007.
Lobo, P., Hagen, D. E., and Whitefield, P. D.: Comparison of PM emissions from
a Commercial Jet Engine burning Conventional, Biomass, and Fischer–Tropsch
Fuels, Environ. Sci. Technol., 45, 10744–10749, https://doi.org/10.1021/es201902e, 2011.
Lobo, P., Hagen, D. E., and Whitefield, P. D.: Measurement and analysis of
aircraft engine PM emissions downwind of an active runway at the Oakland
International Airport, Atmos. Environ., 61, 114–123, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.07.028, 2012.
Lobo, P., Hagen, D. E., Whitefield, P. D., and Raper, D.: PM emissions
measurements of in-service commercial aircraft engines during the Delta-Atlanta
Hartsfield Study, Atmos. Environ., 104, 237–245, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.01.020, 2015a.
Lobo, P., Christie, S., Khandelwal, B., Blakey, S. G., and Raper, D. W.:
Evaluation of Non-volatile Particulate Matter Emission Characteristics of an
Aircraft Auxiliary Power Unit with varying Alternative Jet Fuel Blend Ratios,
Energy Fuels, 29, 7705–7711, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b01758, 2015b.
Lobo, P., Condevaux, J., Yu, Z., Kuhlmann, J., Hagen, D. E., Miake-Lye, R. C.,
Whitefield, P. D., and Raper, D. W.: Demonstration of a Regulatory Method for
Aircraft Engine Nonvolatile PM Emissions Measurements with Conventional and
Isoparaffinic Kerosene fuels, Energy Fuels, 30, 7770–7777, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b01581, 2016.
Lopez-Yglesias, X. F., Yeung, M. C., Dey, S. E., Brechtel, F. J., and Chan, C.
K.: Performance evaluation of the Brechtel Mfg. Humidified Tandem Differential
Mobility Analyzer (BMI HTDMA) for studying hygroscopic properties of aerosol
particles, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 48, 969–980, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2014.952366, 2014.
Massling, A., Leinert, S., Wiedensohler, A., and Covert, D.: Hygroscopic growth
of sub-micrometer and one-micrometer aerosol particles measured during ACE-Asia,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 3249–3259, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-3249-2007, 2007.
Massling, A., Niedermeier, N., Hennig, T., Fors, E. O., Swietlicki, E., Ehn,
M., Hameri, K., Villani, P., Laj, P., Good, N., McFiggans, G., and Wiedensohler,
A.: Results and recommendations from an intercomparison of six Hygroscopicity-TDMA
systems, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 4, 485–497, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-4-485-2011, 2011.
McMurry, P. H. and Stolzenburg, M. R.: On the Sensitivity of Particle Size to
Relative Humidity for Los Angeles Aerosols, Atmos. Environ., 23, 497–507,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(89)90593-3, 1989.
Meier, J., Wehner, B., Massling, A., Birmili, W., Nowak, A., Gnauk, T.,
Brüggemann, E., Herrmann, H., Min, H., and Wiedensohler, A.: Hygroscopic
growth of urban aerosol particles in Beijing (China) during wintertime: a
comparison of three experimental methods, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 6865–6880,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-6865-2009, 2009.
Miake-Lye, R. C., Anderson, B. E., Cofer, W. R., Wallio, H. A., Nowicki, G. D.,
Ballenthin, J. O., Hunton, D. E., Knighton, W. B., Miller, T. M., Seeley, J. V.,
and Viggiano, A. A.: SOx oxidation and volatile aerosol in
aircraft exhaust plumes depend on fuel sulfur content, Geophys. Res. Lett.,
25, 1677–1680, https://doi.org/10.1029/98GL00064, 1998.
Mikhailov, E., Vlasenko, S., Niessner, R., and Pöschl, U.: Interaction of
aerosol particles composed of protein and salts with water vapor: hygroscopic
growth and microstructural rearrangement, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 34, 323–350,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-4-323-2004, 2004.
Moore, R. H., Shook, M., Beyersdorf, A., Corr, C., Herndon, S., Knighton, W.
B., Miake-Lye, R., Thornhill, K. L., Winstead, E. L., Yu, Z., Ziemba, L. D.,
and Anderson, B. E.: Influence of Jet Fuel Composition on Aircraft Engine
Emissions: A Synthesis of Aerosol Emissions Data from the NASA APEX, AAFEX,
and ACCESS Missions, Energy Fuels, 29, 2591–2600, https://doi.org/10.1021/ef502618w, 2015.
Onasch, T. B., Jayne, J. T., Herndon, S., Worsnop, D. R., Miake-Lye, R. C.,
Mortimer, I. P., and Anderson, B. E.: Chemical properties of aircraft engine
particulate exhaust emissions, J. Propul. Power, 25, 1121–1137, https://doi.org/10.2514/1.36371, 2009.
Park, K., Kim, J. S., and Miller, A. L.: A study on effects of size and structure
on hygroscopicity of nanoparticles using a tandem differential mobility analyzer
and TEM, J. Nanopart. Res., 11, 175–183, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-008-9462-4, 2009a.
Park, K., Kim, J. S., and Park, S. H.: Measurements of hygroscopicity and
volatility of atmospheric ultrafine particles during ultrafine particle
formation events at urban, industrial, and coastal sites, Environ. Sci. Technol.,
43, 6710–6716, https://doi.org/10.1021/es900398q, 2009b.
Petters, M. D. and Kreidenweis, S. M.: A single parameter representation of
hygroscopic growth and cloud condensation nucleus activity, Atmos. Chem. Phys.,
7, 1961–1971, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-1961-2007, 2007.
Popovicheva, O., Persiantseva, N. M., Shonija, N. K., DeMott, P., Koehler, K.,
Petters, M., Kreidenweis, S., Tishkova, V., Demirdjian, B., and Suzanne, J.:
Water interaction with hydrophobic and hydrophilic soot particles, Phys. Chem.
Chem. Phys., 10, 2332–2344, https://doi.org/10.1039/b718944n, 2008.
Pruppacher, H. R. and Klett, J. D.: Microphysics of Clouds and Precipitation,
1st Edn., D. Reidel Publishing Co, Dordrecht, Holland, 141–146, 1978.
Reavell, K., Hands, T., and Collings, N.: A fast response particulate
spectrometer for combustion aerosols, SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-2714, :
Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA, USA,
https://doi.org/10.4271/2002-01-2714, 2002.
Robinson, R. A., and Stokes, R. H: Electrolyte Solutions, 2nd Edn., Dover
Publications, Mineola, New York, 2002.
Rye, L., Lobo, P., Williams, P. I., Uryga-Bugajska, I., Christie, S., Wilson,
C., Hagen, D., Whitefield, P., Blakey, S., Coe, H., Raper, D., and Pourkashanian,
M.: Inadequacy of Optical Smoke Measurements for Characterization of Non-Light
Absorbing Particulate Matter Emissions from Gas Turbine Engines, Combust. Sci.
Technol., 184, 2068–2083, https://doi.org/10.1080/00102202.2012.697499, 2012.
Saleh, R., Shihadeh, A., and Khlystov, A.: On transport phenomena and
equilibration time scales in thermodenuders, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 4, 571–581,
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-4-571-2011, 2011.
Schmid, O.: Tandem differential mobility analyzer studies and aerosol
volatility, PhD thesis, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, Missouri, USA,
1–206, 2000.
Schumann, U., Arnold, F., Busen, R., Curtius, J., Kärcher, B., Kiendler,
A., Petzold, A., Schlager, H., Schröder, F., and Wohlfrom, K. H.:
Influence of fuel sulfur on the composition of aircraft exhaust plumes: The
experiments SULFUR 1–7, J. Geophys. Res., 107, AAC 2-1–AAC 2-27,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD000813, 2002.
Shi, Y., Ge, M., and Wang, W.: Hygroscopicity of internally mixed aerosol
particles containing benzoic acid and inorganic salts, Atmos. Environ., 60,
9–17, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.06.034, 2012.
Staples, B. R.: Activity and osmotic coefficients of aqueous sulfuric acid at
298.15 K, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 10, 779–798, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555648, 1981.
Suda, S. R. and Petters, M.: Accurate determination of aerosol activity
coefficients at relative humidities up to 99 % using the hygroscopicity
tandem differential mobility analyzer technique, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 47,
991–1000, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2013.807906, 2013.
Swietlicki, E., Hansson, H. C., Hämeri, K., Svenningsson, B., Massling, A.,
McFiggans, G., McMurry, P. H., Petäjä, T., Tunved, P., Gysel, M.,
Topping, D., Weingartner, E., Baltensperger, U., Rissler, J., Wiedensohler, A.,
and Kulmala, M.: Hygroscopic properties of submicrometer atmospheric aerosol
particles measured with H-TDMA instruments in various environments – a review,
Tellus B, 60, 432–469, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2008.00350.x, 2008.
Tang, I. N., Wong, W. T., and Munkelwitz, H. R.: The relative importance of
atmospheric sulfates and nitrates in visibility reduction, Atmos. Environ.,
15, 2463–2471, https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(81)90062-7, 1981.
Timko, M. T., Yu, Z., Onasch, T. B., Wong, H.-W., Miake-Lye, R. C., Beyersdorf,
A. J., Anderson, B. E., Thornhill, K. L., Winstead, E. L., Corporan, E., DeWitt,
M. J., Klingshirn, C. D., Wey, C., Tacina, K., Liscinsky, D. S., Howard, R.,
and Bhargava, A.: Particulate Emissions of Gas Turbine Engine Combustion of a
Fischer–Tropsch Synthetic Fuel, Energy Fuels, 24, 5883–5896, https://doi.org/10.1021/ef100727t, 2010.
Timko, M. T., Fortner, E., Franklin, J., Yu, Z., Wong, H. W., Onasch, T. B.,
Miake-Lye, R. C., and Herndon, S. C.: Atmospheric measurements of the physical
evolution of aircraft exhaust plumes, Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, 3513–3520,
https://doi.org/10.1021/es304349c, 2013.
Unal, A., Hu, Y., Chang, M. E., Odman, M. T., and Russell, A. G.: Airport related
emissions and impacts on air quality: Application to the Atlanta International
Airport, Atmos. Environ., 39, 5787–5798, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.05.051, 2005.
Virkkula, A., Van Dingenen, R., Raes, F., and Hjorth, J.: Hygroscopic properties
of aerosol formed by oxidation of limonene, α-pinene, and β-pinene,
J. Geophys. Res., 104, 3569–3579, https://doi.org/10.1029/1998JD100017, 1999.
Weingartner, E., Burtscher, H., and Baltensperger, U.: Hygroscopic properties
of carbon and diesel soot particles, Atmos. Environ., 31, 2311–2327,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(97)00023-X, 1997.
Weingartner, E., Gysel, M., and Baltensperger, U.: Hygroscopicity of aerosol
particles at low temperatures. 1. New low-temperature H-TDMA instrument: Setup
and first applications, Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 55–62, https://doi.org/10.1021/es010054o, 2002.
Woods, E., Heylman, K. D., Gibson, A. K., Ashwell, A. P., and Rossi, S. R.:
Effects of NOy aging on the dehydration dynamics of model sea
spray aerosols, J. Phys. Chem. A, 117, 4214–4222, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp401646d, 2013.
Woody, M., Baek, B. H., Adelman, Z., Omary, M., Lam, Y. F., West, J. J., and
Arunachalam, S.: An assessment of aviation's contribution to current and future
fine particulate matter in the United States, Atmos. Environ., 45, 3424–3433,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.03.041, 2011.
Wu, Z., Birmili, W., Poulain, L., Wang, Z., Merkel, M., Fahlbusch, B.,
van Pinxteren, D., Herrmann, H., and Wiedensohler, A.: Particle hygroscopicity
during atmospheric new particle formation events: implications for the chemical
species contributing to particle growth, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 6637–6646,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-6637-2013, 2013
Wyslouzil, B. E., Carleton, K. L., Sonnenfroh, D. M., Rawlins, W. T., and Arnold,
S.: Observation of hydration of single, modified carbon aerosols, Geophys. Res.
Lett., 21, 2107–2110, https://doi.org/10.1029/94GL01588, 1994.
Zhang, R., Khalizov, A. F., Pagels, J., Zhang, D., Xue, H., and McMurry, P. H.:
Variability in morphology, hygroscopicity, and optical properties of soot
aerosols during atmospheric processing, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 105,
10291–10296, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0804860105, 2008.
Short summary
We report detailed lab-based performance evaluation of a robust hygroscopic tandem differential mobility analyzer (HTDMA), in terms of hygroscopic properties such as growth factor (GF) and the hygroscopicity parameter (κ). The HTDMA was deployed during a field campaign to measure the hygroscopic properties of aircraft engine PM emissions in the exhaust plumes from a CFM56-2C1 engine burning regular jet fuel, alternative fuels, and blends.
We report detailed lab-based performance evaluation of a robust hygroscopic tandem differential...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint