Articles | Volume 10, issue 16
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7575-2010
© Author(s) 2010. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7575-2010
© Author(s) 2010. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
16 Aug 2010
Chemical and aerosol characterisation of the troposphere over West Africa during the monsoon period as part of AMMA
C. E. Reeves
School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
P. Formenti
LISA, UMR CNRS 7583, Université Paris Est Créteil et Université Paris Diderot, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Créteil, France
C. Afif
LISA, UMR CNRS 7583, Université Paris Est Créteil et Université Paris Diderot, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Créteil, France
Department fo Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
G. Ancellet
LATMOS, Université Paris VI, Université Versailles-St-Quentin, CNRS, Paris, France
J.-L. Attié
Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UMR, Toulouse, France
Centre National de Recherches Meteorologiques, Meteo-France, Toulouse, France
J. Bechara
LISA, UMR CNRS 7583, Université Paris Est Créteil et Université Paris Diderot, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Créteil, France
A. Borbon
LISA, UMR CNRS 7583, Université Paris Est Créteil et Université Paris Diderot, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Créteil, France
F. Cairo
Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche,~ Italy
H. Coe
School of Earth, Atmospheric {&} Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
S. Crumeyrolle
Centre National de Recherches Meteorologiques, Meteo-France, Toulouse, France
Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France
F. Fierli
Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche,~ Italy
C. Flamant
Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche,~ Italy
L. Gomes
Centre National de Recherches Meteorologiques, Meteo-France, Toulouse, France
T. Hamburger
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen Wessling, Germany
C. Jambert
Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UMR, Toulouse, France
K. S. Law
LATMOS, Université Paris VI, Université Versailles-St-Quentin, CNRS, Paris, France
C. Mari
Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UMR, Toulouse, France
R. L. Jones
Department of Chemistry, Univeristy of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
A. Matsuki
Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Frontier Science Organization, Kanazawa University, Japan
M. I. Mead
Department of Chemistry, Univeristy of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
J. Methven
Department of Meteorlogy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
G. P. Mills
School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
A. Minikin
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen Wessling, Germany
J. G. Murphy
School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
now at: Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
J. K. Nielsen
Danish Meteorological Institute, Research and Development Division, Copenhagen, Denmark
D. E. Oram
School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
D. J. Parker
School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
A. Richter
Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
H. Schlager
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen Wessling, Germany
A. Schwarzenboeck
Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France
V. Thouret
Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UMR, Toulouse, France
Related subject area
Subject: Gases | Research Activity: Field Measurements | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
Biomass-burning sources control ambient particulate matter, but traffic and industrial sources control volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions and secondary-pollutant formation during extreme pollution events in Delhi
Multi-year observations of variable incomplete combustion in the New York megacity
Observations of the vertical distributions of summertime atmospheric pollutants in Nam Co: OH production and source analysis
Measurement report: Elevated atmospheric ammonia may promote particle pH and HONO formation – insights from the COVID-19 pandemic
Measurement report: Vertical and temporal variability in the near-surface ozone production rate and sensitivity in an urban area in the Pearl River Delta region, China
Elevated oxidized mercury in the free troposphere: analytical advances and application at a remote continental mountaintop site
Using observed urban NOx sinks to constrain VOC reactivity and the ozone and radical budget in the Seoul Metropolitan Area
Real-world emission characteristics of VOCs from typical cargo ships and their potential contributions to secondary organic aerosol and O3 under low-sulfur fuel policies
NO3 reactivity during a summer period in a temperate forest below and above the canopy
The role of oceanic ventilation and terrestrial outflow in atmospheric non-methane hydrocarbons over the Chinese marginal seas
Concentration and source changes of nitrous acid (HONO) during the COVID-19 lockdown in Beijing
Characteristics and sources of nonmethane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) and O3–NOx–NMVOC relationships in Zhengzhou, China
Deciphering anthropogenic and biogenic contributions to selected non-methane volatile organic compound emissions in an urban area
Emission characteristics of reactive organic gases (ROGs) from industrial volatile chemical products (VCPs) in the Pearl River Delta (PRD), China
Measurement report: Enhanced photochemical formation of formic and isocyanic acids in urban regions aloft – insights from tower-based online gradient measurements
Sources of organic gases and aerosol particles and their roles in nighttime particle growth at a rural forested site in southwest Germany
Surface snow bromide and nitrate at Eureka, Canada, in early spring and implications for polar boundary layer chemistry
Opinion: Strengthening research in the Global South – atmospheric science opportunities in South America and Africa
Measurement Report: Urban Ammonia and Amines in Houston, Texas
Analysis of ozone vertical profile day-to-day variability in the lower troposphere during the Paris-2022 ACROSS campaign
Consistency evaluation of tropospheric ozone from ozonesonde and IAGOS aircraft observations: vertical distribution, ozonesonde types and station-airport distance
Investigating Carbonyl Compounds above the Amazon Rainforest using PTR-ToF-MS with NO+ Chemical Ionization
Shipping and algae emissions have a major impact on ambient air mixing ratios of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) and methanethiol on Utö Island in the Baltic Sea
Contribution of cooking emissions to the urban volatile organic compounds in Las Vegas, NV
Reanalysis of NOAA H2 observations: implications for the H2 budget
A large role of missing volatile organic compound reactivity from anthropogenic emissions in ozone pollution regulation
Measurement report: Insights into the chemical composition and origin of molecular clusters and potential precursor molecules present in the free troposphere over the southern Indian Ocean: observations from the Maïdo Observatory (2150 m a.s.l., Réunion)
Ozone deposition measurements over wheat fields in the North China Plain: variability and related factors of deposition flux and velocity
Production of oxygenated volatile organic compounds from the ozonolysis of coastal seawater
Comment on “Transport of substantial stratospheric ozone to the surface by a dying typhoon and shallow convection” by Chen et al. (2022)
Observations of cyanogen bromide (BrCN) in the global troposphere and their relation to polar surface O3 destruction
CO2 and CO temporal variability over Mexico City from ground-based total column and surface measurements
Individual coal mine methane emissions constrained by eddy covariance measurements: low bias and missing sources
Measurement report: In-flight and ground-based measurements of nitrogen oxide emissions from latest generation jet engines and 100% sustainable aviation fuel
Measurement report: Observations of ground-level ozone concentration gradients perpendicular to the Lake Ontario shoreline
Measurement report: The Palau Atmospheric Observatory and its ozonesonde record – continuous monitoring of tropospheric composition and dynamics in the tropical western Pacific
Quantifying SO2 oxidation pathways to atmospheric sulfate using stable sulfur and oxygen isotopes: laboratory simulation and field observation
Influences of downward transport and photochemistry on surface ozone over East Antarctica during austral summer: in situ observations and model simulations
Iodine oxoacids and their roles in sub-3 nm particle growth in polluted urban environments
Intensive photochemical oxidation in the marine atmosphere: evidence from direct radical measurements
Diurnal variations in oxygen and nitrogen isotopes of atmospheric nitrogen dioxide and nitrate: implications for tracing NOx oxidation pathways and emission sources
Measurement report: Method for evaluating CO2 emissions from a cement plant using atmospheric δ(O2 ∕ N2) and CO2 measurements and its implication for future detection of CO2 capture signals
Aircraft-based mass balance estimate of methane emissions from offshore gas facilities in the southern North Sea
Measurement report: Sources, sinks and lifetime of NOX in a sub-urban temperate forest at night
Parameterizations of US wildfire and prescribed fire emission ratios and emission factors based on FIREX-AQ aircraft measurements
Measurement report: Atmospheric nitrate radical chemistry in the South China Sea influenced by the urban outflow of the Pearl River Delta
The interhemispheric gradient of SF6 in the upper troposphere
Weather regimes and the related atmospheric composition at a Pyrenean observatory characterized by hierarchical clustering of a 5-year data set
Tropospheric bromine monoxide vertical profiles retrieved across the Alaskan Arctic in springtime
Source apportionment of methane emissions from the Upper Silesian Coal Basin using isotopic signatures
Arpit Awasthi, Baerbel Sinha, Haseeb Hakkim, Sachin Mishra, Varkrishna Mummidivarapu, Gurmanjot Singh, Sachin D. Ghude, Vijay Kumar Soni, Narendra Nigam, Vinayak Sinha, and Madhavan N. Rajeevan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10279–10304, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10279-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10279-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We use 111 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), PM10, and PM2.5 in a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model to resolve 11 pollution sources validated with chemical fingerprints. Crop residue burning and heating account for ~ 50 % of the PM, while traffic and industrial emissions dominate the gas-phase VOC burden and formation potential of secondary organic aerosols (> 60 %). Non-tailpipe emissions from compressed-natural-gas-fuelled commercial vehicles dominate the transport sector's PM burden.
Luke D. Schiferl, Cong Cao, Bronte Dalton, Andrew Hallward-Driemeier, Ricardo Toledo-Crow, and Róisín Commane
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10129–10142, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10129-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10129-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon monoxide (CO) is an air pollutant and an important indicator of the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels in cities. Using 4 years of winter and spring observations in New York City, we found that both the magnitude and variability of CO from the metropolitan area are greater than expected. Transportation emissions cannot explain the missing and variable CO, which points to energy from buildings as a likely underappreciated source of urban air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.
Chengzhi Xing, Cheng Liu, Chunxiang Ye, Jingkai Xue, Hongyu Wu, Xiangguang Ji, Jinping Ou, and Qihou Hu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10093–10112, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10093-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10093-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We identified the contributions of ozone (O3) and nitrous acid (HONO) to the production rates of hydroxide (OH) in vertical space on the Tibetan Plateau (TP). A new insight was offered: the contributions of HONO and O3 to the production rates of OH on the TP are even greater than in lower-altitudes areas. This study enriches the understanding of vertical distribution of atmospheric components and explains the strong atmospheric oxidation capacity (AOC) on the TP.
Xinyuan Zhang, Lingling Wang, Nan Wang, Shuangliang Ma, Shenbo Wang, Ruiqin Zhang, Dong Zhang, Mingkai Wang, and Hongyu Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 9885–9898, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9885-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9885-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study highlights the importance of the redox reaction of NO2 with SO2 based on actual atmospheric observations. The particle pH in future China is expected to rise steadily. Consequently, this reaction could become a significant source of HONO in China. Therefore, it is crucial to coordinate the control of SO2, NOx, and NH3 emissions to avoid a rapid increase in the particle pH.
Jun Zhou, Chunsheng Zhang, Aiming Liu, Bin Yuan, Yan Wang, Wenjie Wang, Jie-Ping Zhou, Yixin Hao, Xiao-Bing Li, Xianjun He, Xin Song, Yubin Chen, Suxia Yang, Shuchun Yang, Yanfeng Wu, Bin Jiang, Shan Huang, Junwen Liu, Yuwen Peng, Jipeng Qi, Minhui Deng, Bowen Zhong, Yibo Huangfu, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 9805–9826, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9805-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9805-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In-depth understanding of the near-ground vertical variability in photochemical ozone (O3) formation is crucial for mitigating O3 pollution. Utilizing a self-built vertical observation system, a direct net photochemical O3 production rate detection system, and an observation-based model, we diagnosed the vertical distributions and formation mechanism of net photochemical O3 production rates and sensitivity in the Pearl River Delta region, one of the most O3-polluted areas in China.
Eleanor J. Derry, Tyler R. Elgiar, Taylor Y. Wilmot, Nicholas W. Hoch, Noah S. Hirshorn, Peter Weiss-Penzias, Christopher F. Lee, John C. Lin, A. Gannet Hallar, Rainer Volkamer, Seth N. Lyman, and Lynne E. Gratz
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 9615–9643, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9615-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9615-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Mercury (Hg) is a globally distributed neurotoxic pollutant. Atmospheric deposition is the main source of Hg in ecosystems. However, measurement biases hinder understanding of the origins and abundance of the more bioavailable oxidized form. We used an improved, calibrated measurement system to study air mass composition and transport of atmospheric Hg at a remote mountaintop site in the central US. Oxidized Hg originated upwind in the low to middle free troposphere under clean, dry conditions.
Benjamin A. Nault, Katherine R. Travis, James H. Crawford, Donald R. Blake, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Ronald C. Cohen, Joshua P. DiGangi, Glenn S. Diskin, Samuel R. Hall, L. Gregory Huey, Jose L. Jimenez, Kyung-Eun Min, Young Ro Lee, Isobel J. Simpson, Kirk Ullmann, and Armin Wisthaler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 9573–9595, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9573-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9573-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ozone (O3) is a pollutant formed from the reactions of gases emitted from various sources. In urban areas, the density of human activities can increase the O3 formation rate (P(O3)), thus impacting air quality and health. Observations collected over Seoul, South Korea, are used to constrain P(O3). A high local P(O3) was found; however, local P(O3) was partly reduced due to compounds typically ignored. These observations also provide constraints for unmeasured compounds that will impact P(O3).
Fan Zhang, Binyu Xiao, Zeyu Liu, Yan Zhang, Chongguo Tian, Rui Li, Can Wu, Yali Lei, Si Zhang, Xinyi Wan, Yubao Chen, Yong Han, Min Cui, Cheng Huang, Hongli Wang, Yingjun Chen, and Gehui Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8999–9017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8999-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8999-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Mandatory use of low-sulfur fuel due to global sulfur limit regulations means large uncertainties in volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions. On-board tests of VOCs from nine cargo ships in China were carried out. Results showed that switching from heavy-fuel oil to diesel increased emission factor VOCs by 48 % on average, enhancing O3 and the secondary organic aerosol formation potential. Thus, implementing a global ultra-low-sulfur oil policy needs to be optimized in the near future.
Patrick Dewald, Tobias Seubert, Simone T. Andersen, Gunther N. T. E. Türk, Jan Schuladen, Max R. McGillen, Cyrielle Denjean, Jean-Claude Etienne, Olivier Garrouste, Marina Jamar, Sergio Harb, Manuela Cirtog, Vincent Michoud, Mathieu Cazaunau, Antonin Bergé, Christopher Cantrell, Sebastien Dusanter, Bénédicte Picquet-Varrault, Alexandre Kukui, Chaoyang Xue, Abdelwahid Mellouki, Jos Lelieveld, and John N. Crowley
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8983–8997, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8983-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8983-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In the scope of a field campaign in a suburban forest near Paris in the summer of 2022, we measured the reactivity of the nitrate radical NO3 towards biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs; e.g. monoterpenes) mainly below but also above the canopy. NO3 reactivity was the highest during nights with strong temperature inversions and decreased strongly with height. Reactions with BVOCs were the main removal process of NO3 throughout the diel cycle below the canopy.
Jian Wang, Lei Xue, Qianyao Ma, Feng Xu, Gaobin Xu, Shibo Yan, Jiawei Zhang, Jianlong Li, Honghai Zhang, Guiling Zhang, and Zhaohui Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8721–8736, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8721-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8721-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigated the distribution and sources of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in the lower atmosphere over the marginal seas of China. NMHCs, a subset of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), play a crucial role in atmospheric chemistry. Derived from systematic atmospheric sampling in coastal cities and marginal sea regions, this study offers valuable insights into the interaction between land and sea in shaping offshore atmospheric NMHCs.
Yusheng Zhang, Feixue Zheng, Zemin Feng, Chaofan Lian, Weigang Wang, Xiaolong Fan, Wei Ma, Zhuohui Lin, Chang Li, Gen Zhang, Chao Yan, Ying Zhang, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Federico Bianch, Tuukka Petäjä, Juha Kangasluoma, Markku Kulmala, and Yongchun Liu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8569–8587, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8569-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8569-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The nitrous acid (HONO) budget was validated during a COVID-19 lockdown event. The main conclusions are (1) HONO concentrations showed a significant decrease from 0.97 to 0.53 ppb during lockdown; (2) vehicle emissions accounted for 53 % of nighttime sources, with the heterogeneous conversion of NO2 on ground surfaces more important than aerosol; and (3) the dominant daytime source shifted from the homogenous reaction between NO and OH (51 %) to nitrate photolysis (53 %) during lockdown.
Dong Zhang, Xiao Li, Minghao Yuan, Yifei Xu, Qixiang Xu, Fangcheng Su, Shenbo Wang, and Ruiqin Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8549–8567, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8549-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8549-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The increasing concentration of O3 precursors and unfavorable meteorological conditions are key factors in the formation of O3 pollution in Zhengzhou. Vehicular exhausts (28 %), solvent usage (27 %), and industrial production (22 %) are identified as the main sources of NMVOCs. Moreover, O3 formation in Zhengzhou is found to be in an anthropogenic volatile organic compound (AVOC)-limited regime. Thus, to reduce O3 formation, a minimum AVOCs / NOx reduction ratio ≥ 3 : 1 is recommended.
Arianna Peron, Martin Graus, Marcus Striednig, Christian Lamprecht, Georg Wohlfahrt, and Thomas Karl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7063–7083, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7063-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7063-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The anthropogenic fraction of non-methane volatile organic compound (NMVOC) emissions associated with biogenic sources (e.g., terpenes) is investigated based on eddy covariance observations. The anthropogenic fraction of terpene emissions is strongly dependent on season. When analyzing volatile chemical product (VCP) emissions in urban environments, we caution that observations from short-term campaigns might over-/underestimate their significance depending on local and seasonal circumstances.
Sihang Wang, Bin Yuan, Xianjun He, Ru Cui, Xin Song, Yubin Chen, Caihong Wu, Chaomin Wang, Yibo Huangfu, Xiao-Bing Li, Boguang Wang, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7101–7121, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7101-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7101-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Emissions of reactive organic gases from industrial volatile chemical product sources are measured. There are large differences among these industrial sources. We show that oxygenated species account for significant contributions to reactive organic gas emissions, especially for industrial sources utilizing water-borne chemicals.
Qing Yang, Xiao-Bing Li, Bin Yuan, Xiaoxiao Zhang, Yibo Huangfu, Lei Yang, Xianjun He, Jipeng Qi, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6865–6882, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6865-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6865-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Online vertical gradient measurements of formic and isocyanic acids were made based on a 320 m tower in a megacity. Vertical variations and sources of the two acids were analyzed in this study. We find that formic and isocyanic acids exhibited positive vertical gradients and were mainly contributed by photochemical formations. The formation of formic and isocyanic acids was also significantly enhanced in urban regions aloft.
Junwei Song, Harald Saathoff, Feng Jiang, Linyu Gao, Hengheng Zhang, and Thomas Leisner
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6699–6717, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6699-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6699-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents concurrent online measurements of organic gas and particles (VOCs and OA) at a forested site in summer. Both VOCs and OA were largely contributed by oxygenated organic compounds. Semi-volatile oxygenated OA and organic nitrate formed from monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes contributed significantly to nighttime particle growth. The results help us to understand the causes of nighttime particle growth regularly observed in summer in central European rural forested environments.
Xin Yang, Kimberly Strong, Alison S. Criscitiello, Marta Santos-Garcia, Kristof Bognar, Xiaoyi Zhao, Pierre Fogal, Kaley A. Walker, Sara M. Morris, and Peter Effertz
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5863–5886, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5863-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5863-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study uses snow samples collected from a Canadian high Arctic site, Eureka, to demonstrate that surface snow in early spring is a net sink of atmospheric bromine and nitrogen. Surface snow bromide and nitrate are significantly correlated, indicating the oxidation of reactive nitrogen is accelerated by reactive bromine. In addition, we show evidence that snow photochemical release of reactive bromine is very weak, and its emission flux is much smaller than the deposition flux of bromide.
Rebecca M. Garland, Katye E. Altieri, Laura Dawidowski, Laura Gallardo, Aderiana Mbandi, Nestor Y. Rojas, and N'datchoh E. Touré
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5757–5764, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5757-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5757-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This opinion piece focuses on two geographical areas in the Global South where the authors are based that are underrepresented in atmospheric science. This opinion provides context on common challenges and constraints, with suggestions on how the community can address these. The focus is on the strengths of atmospheric science research in these regions. It is these strengths, we believe, that highlight the critical role of Global South researchers in the future of atmospheric science research.
Lee Tiszenkel, James Flynn, and Shan-Hu Lee
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1230, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1230, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ammonia and amines are important ingredients for aerosol formation in urban environments, but the measurements of these compounds are extremely challenging. Our observations show that urban ammonia and amines in Houston are emitted from urban sources and diurnal variations of their concentrations are governed by gas-to-particle conversion processes.
Gerard Ancellet, Camille Viatte, Anne Boynard, François Ravetta, Jacques Pelon, Cristelle Cailteau-Fischbach, Pascal Genau, Julie Capo, Axel Roy, and Philippe Nédélec
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-892, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-892, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Characterization of ozone pollution in urban areas has benefited from a measurement campaign in summer 2022 in the Paris region. The analysis is based on 21 days of lidar and aircraft observations. The main objective is a sensitivity analysis of ozone pollution to first the micrometeorological processes in the urban atmospheric boundary layer, and second, the transport of regional pollution. The paper also discuss to what extent satellite observations can track the observed ozone plumes.
Honglei Wang, David W. Tarasick, Jane Liu, Herman G. J. Smit, Roeland Van Malderen, Lijuan Shen, and Tianliang Zhao
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1015, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1015, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we identify 23 suitable pairs of sites in the WOUDC and IAGOS datasets from 1995 to 2021, compare the average vertical distribution of tropospheric O3 shown by ozonesonde and aircraft measurements, and analyze their differences by ozonesonde type and by station-airport distance.
Akima Ringsdorf, Achim Edtbauer, Bruna Holanda, Christopher Poehlker, Marta O. Sá, Alessandro Araújo, Jürgen Kesselmeier, Jos Lelieveld, and Jonathan Williams
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1210, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1210, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We show the average height distribution of separately observed aldehydes and ketones over a day and discuss their rainforest-specific sources and sinks and their seasonal changes above the Amazon rainforest. Ketones have much longer atmospheric lifetimes than aldehydes, and thus different implications for atmospheric chemistry. However, they are commonly observed together, which we overcome by measuring with a NO+ chemical ionization mass spectrometer for the first time in the Amazon rainforest.
Heidi Hellén, Rostislav Kouznetsov, Kaisa Kraft, Jukka Seppälä, Mika Vestenius, Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen, Lauri Laakso, and Hannele Hakola
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4717–4731, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4717-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4717-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Mixing ratios of C2-C5 NMHCs and methanethiol were measured on an island in the Baltic Sea using an in situ gas chromatograph. Shipping emissions were found to be an important source of ethene, ethyne, propene, and benzene. High summertime mixing ratios of methanethiol and dependence of mixing ratios on seawater temperature and height indicated the biogenic origin to possibly be phytoplankton or macroalgae. These emissions may have a strong impact on SO2 production and new particle formation.
Matthew M. Coggon, Chelsea E. Stockwell, Lu Xu, Jeff Peischl, Jessica B. Gilman, Aaron Lamplugh, Henry J. Bowman, Kenneth Aikin, Colin Harkins, Qindan Zhu, Rebecca H. Schwantes, Jian He, Meng Li, Karl Seltzer, Brian McDonald, and Carsten Warneke
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4289–4304, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4289-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4289-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Residential and commercial cooking emits pollutants that degrade air quality. Here, ambient observations show that cooking is an important contributor to anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted in Las Vegas, NV. These emissions are not fully presented in air quality models, and more work may be needed to quantify emissions from important sources, such as commercial restaurants.
Fabien Paulot, Gabrielle Pétron, Andrew M. Crotwell, and Matteo B. Bertagni
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4217–4229, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4217-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4217-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
New data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration show that hydrogen (H2) concentrations increased from 2010 to 2019, which is consistent with the simulated increase in H2 photochemical production (mainly from methane). But this cannot be reconciled with the expected decrease (increase) in H2 anthropogenic emissions (soil deposition) in the same period. This shows gaps in our knowledge of the H2 biogeochemical cycle that must be resolved to quantify the impact of higher H2 usage.
Wenjie Wang, Bin Yuan, Hang Su, Yafang Cheng, Jipeng Qi, Sihang Wang, Wei Song, Xinming Wang, Chaoyang Xue, Chaoqun Ma, Fengxia Bao, Hongli Wang, Shengrong Lou, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4017–4027, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4017-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4017-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates the important role of unmeasured volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ozone formation. Based on results in a megacity of China, we show that unmeasured VOCs can contribute significantly to ozone fomation and also influence the determination of ozone control strategy. Our results show that these unmeasured VOCs are mainly from human sources.
Romain Salignat, Matti Rissanen, Siddharth Iyer, Jean-Luc Baray, Pierre Tulet, Jean-Marc Metzger, Jérôme Brioude, Karine Sellegri, and Clémence Rose
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3785–3812, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3785-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3785-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Using mass spectrometry data collected at the Maïdo Observatory (2160 m a.s.l., Réunion), we provide the first detailed analysis of molecular cluster chemical composition specifically in the marine free troposphere. The abundance of the identified species is related both to in situ meteorological parameters and air mass history, which also provide insight into their origin. Our work makes an important contribution to documenting the chemistry and physics of the marine free troposphere.
Xiaoyi Zhang, Wanyun Xu, Weili Lin, Gen Zhang, Jinjian Geng, Li Zhou, Huarong Zhao, Sanxue Ren, Guangsheng Zhou, Jianmin Chen, and Xiaobin Xu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-643, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-643, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ozone (O3) deposition is a key process removing surface O3, affecting air quality, ecosystem and climate change. This study conducted an O3 deposition measurement over wheat canopy using a newly relaxed eddy accumulation flux system. Large variabilities of O3 deposition were detected mainly determined by crop growth and modulated by various environmental factors. More O3 deposition observations over different surfaces are needed for exploring deposition mechanism, model optimization.
Delaney B. Kilgour, Gordon A. Novak, Megan S. Claflin, Brian M. Lerner, and Timothy H. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3729–3742, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3729-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3729-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Laboratory experiments with seawater mimics suggest ozone deposition to the surface ocean can be a source of reactive carbon to the marine atmosphere. We conduct both field and laboratory measurements to assess abiotic VOC composition and yields from ozonolysis of real surface seawater. We show that C5–C11 aldehydes contribute to the observed VOC emission flux. We estimate that VOCs generated by the ozonolysis of surface seawater are competitive with biological VOC production and emission.
Xiangdong Zheng, Wen Yang, Yuting Sun, Chunmei Geng, Yingying Liu, and Xiaobin Xu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3759–3768, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3759-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3759-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Chen et al. (2022) attributed the nocturnal ozone enhancement (NOE) during the night of 31 July 2021 in the North China Plain (NCP) to "the direct stratospheric intrusion to reach the surface". We analyzed in situ data from the NCP. Our results do not suggest that there was a significant impact from the stratosphere on surface ozone during the NOE. We argue that the NOE was not caused by stratospheric intrusion but originated from fresh photochemical production in the lower troposphere.
James M. Roberts, Siyuan Wang, Patrick R. Veres, J. Andrew Neuman, Michael A. Robinson, Ilann Bourgeois, Jeff Peischl, Thomas B. Ryerson, Chelsea R. Thompson, Hannah M. Allen, John D. Crounse, Paul O. Wennberg, Samuel R. Hall, Kirk Ullmann, Simone Meinardi, Isobel J. Simpson, and Donald Blake
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3421–3443, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3421-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3421-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We measured cyanogen bromide (BrCN) in the troposphere for the first time. BrCN is a product of the same active bromine chemistry that destroys ozone and removes mercury in polar surface environments and is a previously unrecognized sink for active Br compounds. BrCN has an apparent lifetime against heterogeneous loss in the range 1–10 d, so it serves as a cumulative marker of Br-radical chemistry. Accounting for BrCN chemistry is an important part of understanding polar Br cycling.
Noémie Taquet, Wolfgang Stremme, María Eugenia Gonzalez del Castillo, Victor Almanza, Alejandro Bezanilla, Olivier Laurent, Carlos Alberti, Frank Hase, Michel Ramonet, Thomas Lauvaux, Ke Che, and Michel Grutter
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-512, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-512, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the variability of CO and CO2 and their ratio over Mexico City from long-term time-resolved FTIR solar absorption and surface measurements. Using the average intraday CO growth rate from total columns and TROPOMI measurements, we additionally estimate the interannual variability of CO and CO2 anthropogenic emissions of the City and relate it to the main influencing events of the last decade, such as the COVID-19 lock-down.
Kai Qin, Wei Hu, Qin He, Fan Lu, and Jason Blake Cohen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3009–3028, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3009-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3009-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We compute CH4 emissions and uncertainty on a mine-by-mine basis, including underground, overground, and abandoned mines. Mine-by-mine gas and flux data and 30 min observations from a flux tower located next to a mine shaft are integrated. The observed variability and bias correction are propagated over the emissions dataset, demonstrating that daily observations may not cover the range of variability. Comparisons show both an emissions magnitude and spatial mismatch with current inventories.
Theresa Harlass, Rebecca Dischl, Stefan Kaufmann, Raphael Märkl, Daniel Sauer, Monika Scheibe, Paul Stock, Tiziana Bräuer, Andreas Dörnbrack, Anke Roiger, Hans Schlager, Ulrich Schumann, Tobias Schripp, Tobias Grein, Linda Bondorf, Charles Renard, Maxime Gauthier, Mark Johnson, Darren Luff, Paul Madden, Peter Swann, Denise Ahrens, Reetu Sallinen, and Christiane Voigt
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-454, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-454, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Emissions from aircraft have a direct impact on our climate. Here, we present airborne and ground based measurement data of nitrogen oxides which were collected in the exhaust of an Airbus aircraft. We study the impact of burning fossil and sustainable aviation fuel on nitrogen oxide emissions at different engine settings related to combustor temperature, pressure and fuel flow. Further, we compare observations with engine emission models.
Yao Yan Huang and D. James Donaldson
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2387–2398, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2387-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2387-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ground-level ozone interacts at the lake–land boundary; this is important to our understanding and modelling of atmospheric chemistry and air pollution in the lower atmosphere. We show that a steep ozone gradient occurs year-round moving inland up to 1 km from the lake and that this gradient is influenced by seasonal factors on the local land environment, where more rural areas are more greatly affected seasonally.
Katrin Müller, Jordis S. Tradowsky, Peter von der Gathen, Christoph Ritter, Sharon Patris, Justus Notholt, and Markus Rex
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2169–2193, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2169-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2169-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Palau Atmospheric Observatory is introduced as an ideal site to detect changes in atmospheric composition and dynamics above the remote tropical western Pacific. We focus on the ozone sounding program from 2016–2021, including El Niño 2016. The year-round high convective activity is reflected in dominant low tropospheric ozone and high relative humidity. Their seasonal distributions are unique compared to other tropical sites and are modulated by the Intertropical Convergence Zone.
Ziyan Guo, Keding Lu, Pengxiang Qiu, Mingyi Xu, and Zhaobing Guo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2195–2205, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2195-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2195-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The formation of secondary sulfate needs to be further explored. In this work, we simultaneously measured sulfur and oxygen isotopic compositions to gain an increased understanding of specific sulfate formation processes. The results indicated that secondary sulfate was mainly ascribed to SO2 homogeneous oxidation by OH radicals and heterogeneous oxidation by H2O2 and Fe3+ / O2. This study is favourable for deeply investigating the sulfur cycle in the atmosphere.
Imran A. Girach, Narendra Ojha, Prabha R. Nair, Kandula V. Subrahmanyam, Neelakantan Koushik, Mohammed M. Nazeer, Nadimpally Kiran Kumar, Surendran Nair Suresh Babu, Jos Lelieveld, and Andrea Pozzer
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1979–1995, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1979-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1979-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate surface ozone variability in East Antarctica based on measurements and EMAC global model simulations during austral summer. Nearly half of the surface ozone is found to be of stratospheric origin. The east coast of Antarctica acts as a stronger sink of ozone than surrounding regions. Photochemical loss of ozone is counterbalanced by downward transport of ozone. The study highlights the intertwined role of chemistry and dynamics in governing ozone variations over East Antarctica.
Ying Zhang, Duzitian Li, Xu-Cheng He, Wei Nie, Chenjuan Deng, Runlong Cai, Yuliang Liu, Yishuo Guo, Chong Liu, Yiran Li, Liangduo Chen, Yuanyuan Li, Chenjie Hua, Tingyu Liu, Zongcheng Wang, Jiali Xie, Lei Wang, Tuukka Petäjä, Federico Bianchi, Ximeng Qi, Xuguang Chi, Pauli Paasonen, Yongchun Liu, Chao Yan, Jingkun Jiang, Aijun Ding, and Markku Kulmala
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1873–1893, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1873-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1873-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study conducts a long-term observation of gaseous iodine oxoacids in two Chinese megacities, revealing their ubiquitous presence with peak concentrations (up to 0.1 pptv) in summer. Our analysis suggests a mix of terrestrial and marine sources for iodine. Additionally, iodic acid is identified as a notable contributor to sub-3 nm particle growth and particle survival probability.
Guoxian Zhang, Renzhi Hu, Pinhua Xie, Changjin Hu, Xiaoyan Liu, Liujun Zhong, Haotian Cai, Bo Zhu, Shiyong Xia, Xiaofeng Huang, Xin Li, and Wenqing Liu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1825–1839, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1825-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1825-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Comprehensive observation of HOx radicals was conducted at a coastal site in the Pearl River Delta. Radical chemistry was influenced by different air masses in a time-dependent way. Land mass promotes a more active photochemical process, with daily averages of 7.1 × 106 and 5.2 × 108 cm−3 for OH and HO2 respectively. The rapid oxidation process was accompanied by a higher diurnal HONO concentration, which influences the ozone-sensitive system and eventually magnifies the background ozone.
Sarah Albertin, Joël Savarino, Slimane Bekki, Albane Barbero, Roberto Grilli, Quentin Fournier, Irène Ventrillard, Nicolas Caillon, and Kathy Law
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1361–1388, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1361-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1361-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study reports the first simultaneous records of oxygen (Δ17O) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopes in nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitrate (NO3−). These data are combined with atmospheric observations to explore sub-daily N reactive chemistry and quantify N fractionation effects in an Alpine winter city. The results highlight the necessity of using Δ17O and δ15N in both NO2 and NO3− to avoid biased estimations of NOx sources and fates from NO3− isotopic records in urban winter environments.
Shigeyuki Ishidoya, Kazuhiro Tsuboi, Hiroaki Kondo, Kentaro Ishijima, Nobuyuki Aoki, Hidekazu Matsueda, and Kazuyuki Saito
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1059–1077, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1059-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1059-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
A method evaluating techniques for carbon neutrality, such as carbon capture and storage (CCS), is important. This study presents a method to evaluate CO2 emissions from a cement plant based on atmospheric O2 and CO2 measurements. The method will also be useful for evaluating CO2 capture from flue gas at CCS plants, since the plants remove CO2 from the atmosphere without causing any O2 changes, just as cement plants do, differing only in the direction of CO2 exchange with the atmosphere.
Magdalena Pühl, Anke Roiger, Alina Fiehn, Alan M. Gorchov Negron, Eric A. Kort, Stefan Schwietzke, Ignacio Pisso, Amy Foulds, James Lee, James L. France, Anna E. Jones, Dave Lowry, Rebecca E. Fisher, Langwen Huang, Jacob Shaw, Prudence Bateson, Stephen Andrews, Stuart Young, Pamela Dominutti, Tom Lachlan-Cope, Alexandra Weiss, and Grant Allen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1005–1024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1005-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1005-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In April–May 2019 we carried out an airborne field campaign in the southern North Sea with the aim of studying methane emissions of offshore gas installations. We determined methane emissions from elevated methane measured downstream of the sampled installations. We compare our measured methane emissions with estimated methane emissions from national and global annual inventories. As a result, we find inconsistencies of inventories and large discrepancies between measurements and inventories.
Simone T. Andersen, Max R. McGillen, Chaoyang Xue, Tobias Seubert, Patrick Dewald, Gunther N. T. E. Türk, Jan Schuladen, Cyrielle Denjean, Jean-Claude Etienne, Olivier Garrouste, Marina Jamar, Sergio Harb, Manuela Cirtog, Vincent Michoud, Mathieu Cazaunau, Antonin Bergé, Christopher Cantrell, Sebastien Dusanter, Bénédicte Picquet-Varrault, Alexandre Kukui, Abdelwahid Mellouki, Lucy J. Carpenter, Jos Lelieveld, and John N. Crowley
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2848, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2848, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Through measurements of various trace gases in a sub-urban forest near Paris in the summer of 2022 we were able to gain insight into the sources and sinks of NOx (NO+NO2) with a special focus on their nighttime chemical/physical loss processes. NO was observed as a result of nighttime soil emissions when ozone levels were strongly depleted by deposition. NO oxidation products were not observed at night indicating that soil and/or foliar surfaces are an efficient sink of reactive nitrogen.
Georgios I. Gkatzelis, Matthew M. Coggon, Chelsea E. Stockwell, Rebecca S. Hornbrook, Hannah Allen, Eric C. Apel, Megan M. Bela, Donald R. Blake, Ilann Bourgeois, Steven S. Brown, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Jason M. St. Clair, James H. Crawford, John D. Crounse, Douglas A. Day, Joshua P. DiGangi, Glenn S. Diskin, Alan Fried, Jessica B. Gilman, Hongyu Guo, Johnathan W. Hair, Hannah S. Halliday, Thomas F. Hanisco, Reem Hannun, Alan Hills, L. Gregory Huey, Jose L. Jimenez, Joseph M. Katich, Aaron Lamplugh, Young Ro Lee, Jin Liao, Jakob Lindaas, Stuart A. McKeen, Tomas Mikoviny, Benjamin A. Nault, J. Andrew Neuman, John B. Nowak, Demetrios Pagonis, Jeff Peischl, Anne E. Perring, Felix Piel, Pamela S. Rickly, Michael A. Robinson, Andrew W. Rollins, Thomas B. Ryerson, Melinda K. Schueneman, Rebecca H. Schwantes, Joshua P. Schwarz, Kanako Sekimoto, Vanessa Selimovic, Taylor Shingler, David J. Tanner, Laura Tomsche, Krystal T. Vasquez, Patrick R. Veres, Rebecca Washenfelder, Petter Weibring, Paul O. Wennberg, Armin Wisthaler, Glenn M. Wolfe, Caroline C. Womack, Lu Xu, Katherine Ball, Robert J. Yokelson, and Carsten Warneke
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 929–956, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-929-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-929-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study reports emissions of gases and particles from wildfires. These emissions are related to chemical proxies that can be measured by satellite and incorporated into models to improve predictions of wildfire impacts on air quality and climate.
Jie Wang, Haichao Wang, Yee Jun Tham, Lili Ming, Zelong Zheng, Guizhen Fang, Cuizhi Sun, Zhenhao Ling, Jun Zhao, and Shaojia Fan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 977–992, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-977-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-977-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Many works report NO3 chemistry in inland regions while less target marine regions. We measured N2O5 and related species on a typical island and found intensive nighttime chemistry and rapid NO3 loss. NO contributed significantly to NO3 loss despite its sub-ppbv level, suggesting nocturnal NO3 reactions would be largely enhanced once free from NO emissions in the open ocean. This highlights the strong influences of urban outflow on downward marine areas in terms of nighttime chemistry.
Tanja J. Schuck, Johannes Degen, Eric Hintsa, Peter Hoor, Markus Jesswein, Timo Keber, Daniel Kunkel, Fred Moore, Florian Obersteiner, Matt Rigby, Thomas Wagenhäuser, Luke M. Western, Andreas Zahn, and Andreas Engel
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 689–705, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-689-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-689-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We study the interhemispheric gradient of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), a strong long-lived greenhouse gas. Its emissions are stronger in the Northern Hemisphere; therefore, mixing ratios in the Southern Hemisphere lag behind. Comparing the observations to a box model, the model predicts air in the Southern Hemisphere to be older. For a better agreement, the emissions used as model input need to be increased (and their spatial pattern changed), and we need to modify north–south transport.
Jérémy Gueffier, François Gheusi, Marie Lothon, Véronique Pont, Alban Philibert, Fabienne Lohou, Solène Derrien, Yannick Bezombes, Gilles Athier, Yves Meyerfeld, Antoine Vial, and Emmanuel Leclerc
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 287–316, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-287-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-287-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates the link between weather regime and atmospheric composition at a Pyrenean observatory. Five years of meteorological data were synchronized on a daily basis and then, using a clustering method, separated into six groups of observation days, with most showing marked characteristics of different weather regimes (fair and disturbed weather, winter windstorms, foehn). Statistical differences in gas and particle concentrations appeared between the groups and are discussed.
Nathaniel Brockway, Peter K. Peterson, Katja Bigge, Kristian D. Hajny, Paul B. Shepson, Kerri A. Pratt, Jose D. Fuentes, Tim Starn, Robert Kaeser, Brian H. Stirm, and William R. Simpson
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 23–40, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-23-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-23-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Bromine monoxide (BrO) strongly affects atmospheric chemistry in the springtime Arctic, yet there are still many uncertainties around its sources and recycling, particularly in the context of a rapidly changing Arctic. In this study, we observed BrO as a function of altitude above the Alaskan Arctic. We found that BrO was often most concentrated near the ground, confirming the ability of snow to produce and recycle reactive bromine, and identified four common vertical distributions of BrO.
Alina Fiehn, Maximilian Eckl, Julian Kostinek, Michał Gałkowski, Christoph Gerbig, Michael Rothe, Thomas Röckmann, Malika Menoud, Hossein Maazallahi, Martina Schmidt, Piotr Korbeń, Jarosław Neçki, Mila Stanisavljević, Justyna Swolkień, Andreas Fix, and Anke Roiger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15749–15765, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15749-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15749-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
During the CoMet mission in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB) ground-based and airborne air samples were taken and analyzed for the isotopic composition of CH4 to derive the mean signature of the USCB and source signatures of individual coal mines. Using δ2H signatures, the biogenic emissions from the USCB account for 15 %–50 % of total emissions, which is underestimated in common emission inventories. This demonstrates the importance of δ2H-CH4 observations for methane source apportionment.
Cited articles
Adon, M., Galy-Lacaux, C., Yoboué, V., Delon, C., Lacaux, J. P., Castera, P., Gardrat, E., Pienaar, J., Al Ourabi, H., Laouali, D., Diop, B., Sigha-Nkamdjou, L., Akpo, A., Tathy, J. P., Lavenu, F., and Mougin, E.: Long term measurements of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ammonia, nitric acid and ozone in Africa using passive samplers, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 10, 4407–4461, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-4407-2010, 2010.
Aghedo, A. M., Schultz, M. G., and Rast, S.: The influence of African air pollution on regional and global tropospheric ozone, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 1193–1212, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-1193-2007, 2007.
Alfaro, S. C. and Gomes, L.: Modeling mineral aerosol production by wind erosion: Emission intensities and aerosol size distributions in source areas, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 18075–18084, 2001.
Ancellet, G., Leclair de Bellevue, J., Mari, C., Nedelec, P., Kukui, A., Borbon, A., and Perros, P.: Effects of regional-scale and convective transports on tropospheric ozone chemistry revealed by aircraft observations during the wet season of the AMMA campaign, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 383–411, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-383-2009, 2009. Andrés-Hernández, M. D., Kartal, D., Reichert, L., Burrows, J. P., Meyer Arnek, J., Lichtenstern, M., Stock, P., and Schlager, H.: Peroxy radical observations over West Africa during AMMA 2006: photochemical activity in the outflow of convective systems, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 3681–3695, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-3681-2009, 2009.
Andrés-Hernández, M. D., Stone, D., Brookes, D. M., Commane, R., Reeves, C. E., Huntrieser, H., Heard, D. E., Monks, P. S., Burrows, J. P., Schlager, H., Kartal, D., Evans, M. J., Floquet, C. F. A., Ingham, T., Methven, J., and Parker, A. E.: Peroxy radical partitioning during the amma radical intercomparison exercise, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 10, 8447–8486, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-8447-2010, 2010.
Barret, B., Ricaud, P., Mari, C., Attié, J.-L., Bousserez, N., Josse, B., Le Flochmoën, E., Livesey, N. J., Massart, S., Peuch, V.-H., Piacentini, A., Sauvage, B., Thouret, V., and Cammas, J.-P.: Transport pathways of CO in the African upper troposphere during the monsoon season: a study based upon the assimilation of spaceborne observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 3231–3246, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-3231-2008, 2008.
Barret, B., Williams, J. E., Bouarar, I., Yang, X., Josse, B., Law, K., Pham, M., Le Flochmoën, E., Liousse, C., Peuch, V. H., Carver, G. D., Pyle, J. A., Sauvage, B., van Velthoven, P., Schlager, H., Mari, C., and Cammas, J.-P.: Impact of West African Monsoon convective transport and lightning NOx production upon the upper tropospheric composition: a multi-model study, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 5719–5738, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-5719-2010, 2010.
Bechara, J., Borbon, A., Jambert, C., Colomb, A., and Perros, P. E.: Evidence of the impact of deep convection on reactive volatile organic compounds in the upper tropical troposphere during the AMMA experiment in West Africa, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 9, 20309–20346, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-9-20309-2009, 2009.
Bielders, C. L., Vrieling, A., Rajot, J. L., and Skidmore, E.: On-farm evaluation of field-scale soil losses by wind erosion under traditional management in the sahel, Soil erosion research for the 21st century, proceedings, edited by: Ascough, J. C. and Flanagan, D. C., 494–497, 2001.
Bielders, C. L., Rajot, J. L., and Amadou, M.: Transport of soil and nutrients by wind in bush fallow land and traditionally managed cultivated fields in the sahel, Geoderma, 109, 19–39, 2002.
Bielders, C. L., Rajot, J. L., and Michels, K.: L'érosion éolienne dans le sahel nigérien : Influence des pratiques culturales actuelles et méthodes de lutte, Sécheresse, 15, 19–32, 2004.
Borrmann, S., Kunkel, D., Weigel, R., Minikin, A., Deshler, T., Wilson, J. C., Curtius, J., Volk, C. M., Homan, C. D., Ulanovsky, A., Ravegnani, F., Viciani, S., Shur, G. N., Belyaev, G. V., Law, K. S., and Cairo, F.: Aerosols in the tropical and subtropical UT/LS: in-situ measurements of submicron particle abundance and volatility, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 5573–5592, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-5573-2010, 2010.
Bou Karam, D., Flamant, C., Knippertz, P., Reitebuch, O., Pelon, J., Chong, M., and Dabas, A.: Dust emissions over the sahel associated with the west african monsoon inter-tropical discontinuity region: A representative case stuy, Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 134, 621–634, 2008.
Bou Karam, D., Flamant, C., Tulet, P., Chaboureau, J. P., Dabas, A., and Todd, M. C.: Estimate of sahelian dust emissions in the intertropical discontinuity region of the west african monsoon, Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 114, D13106, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jd011444, 2009.
Brough, N., Reeves, C. E., Penkett, S. A., Stewart, D. J., Dewey, K., Kent, J., Barjat, H., Monks, P. S., Ziereis, H., Stock, P., Huntrieser, H., and Schlager, H.: Intercomparison of aircraft instruments on board the C-130 and Falcon 20 over southern Germany during EXPORT 2000, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 2127–2138, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-2127-2003, 2003.
Bruneau, D., Quaglia, P., Flamant, C., Meissonnier, M., and Pelon, J.: The airborne lidar leandre ii for water-vapor profiling in the troposphere, I. System description, Appl. Opt., 40, 3450–3475, 2001.
Cairo, F., Pommereau, J. P., Law, K. S., Schlager, H., Garnier, A., Fierli, F., Ern, M., Streibel, M., Arabas, S., Borrmann, S., Berthelier, J. J., Blom, C., Christensen, T., D'Amato, F., Di Donfrancesco, G., Deshler, T., Diedhiou, A., Durry, G., Engelsen, O., Goutail, F., Harris, N. R. P., Kerstel, E. R. T., Khaykin, S., Konopka, P., Kylling, A., Larsen, N., Lebel, T., Liu, X., MacKenzie, A. R., Nielsen, J., Oulanowski, A., Parker, D. J., Pelon, J., Polcher, J., Pyle, J. A., Ravegnani, F., Rivière, E. D., Robinson, A. D., Röckmann, T., Schiller, C., Simões, F., Stefanutti, L., Stroh, F., Some, L., Siegmund, P., Sitnikov, N., Vernier, J. P., Volk, C. M., Voigt, C., von Hobe, M., Viciani, S., and Yushkov, V.: An introduction to the SCOUT-AMMA stratospheric aircraft, balloons and sondes campaign in West Africa, August 2006: rationale and roadmap, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 2237–2256, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-2237-2010, 2010.
Capes, G., Murphy, J. G., Reeves, C. E., McQuaid, J. B., Hamilton, J. F., Hopkins, J. R., Crosier, J., Williams, P. I., and Coe, H.: Secondary organic aerosol from biogenic VOCs over West Africa during AMMA, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 3841–3850, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-3841-2009, 2009.
Capes, G., Murphy, J. G., Reeves, C. E., McQuaid, J. B., Hamilton, J. F., Hopkins, J. R., Crosier, J., Williams, P. I., and Coe, H.: Secondary organic aerosol from biogenic VOCs over West Africa during AMMA, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 3841–3850, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-3841-2009, 2009.
Chung, S. H. and Seinfeld, J. H.: Global distribution and climate forcing of carbonaceous aerosols, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 107, 4407, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001397, 2002.
Claquin, T., Schulz, M., and Balkanski, Y. J.: Modeling the mineralogy of atmospheric dust sources, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 104, 22243–22256, 1999.
Commane, R., Floquet, C. F. A., Ingham, T., Stone, D., Evans, M. J., and Heard, D. E.: Observations of OH and HO2 radicals over West Africa, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 10, 7265-7322, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-7265-2010, 2010.
Cros, B., Delon, C., Affre, C., Marion, T., Druilhet, A., Perros, P. E., and Lopez, A.: Sources and sinks of ozone in savanna and forest areas during expresso: Airborne turbulent flux measurements, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 105, 29347–29358, 2000.
Crumeyrolle, S., Gomes, L., Tulet, P., Matsuki, A., Schwarzenboeck, A., and Crahan, K.: Increase of the aerosol hygroscopicity by cloud processing in a mesoscale convective system: a case study from the AMMA campaign, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 6907–6924, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-6907-2008, 2008.
Crumeyrolle, S., Tulet, P., Garcia-Carreras, L., Flamant, C., Parker, D. J., Matsuki, A., Schwarzenboeck, A., Formenti, P., and Gomes, L.: Transport of dust particles from the Bodélé region to the monsoon layer: AMMA case study of the 9–14 June 2006 period, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 10, 5051–5090, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-5051-2010, 2010
Delon, C., Reeves, C. E., Stewart, D. J., Serca, D., Dupont, R., Mari, C., Chaboureau, J. P., and Tulet, P.: Biogenic nitrogen oxide emissions from soils – impact on nox and ozone over west africa during amma (african monsoon multidisciplinary experiment): Modelling study, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 2351–2363, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-2351-2008, 2008.
Denman, K. L., Brasseur, G., Chidthaisong, A., Ciais, P., Cox, P. M., Dickinson, R. E., Hauglustaine, D., Heinze, C., Holland, E., Jacob, D., Lohmann, U., Ramachandran, S., da Silva Dias, P. L., Wofsy, S. C., and Zhang, X.: Couplings Between Changes in the Climate System and Biogeochemistry. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change edited by: Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Chen, Z., Marquis, M., Averyt, K. B., Tignor, M., and Miller, H. L., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, 2007.
Echalar, F., Gaudichet, A., Cachier, H., and Artaxo, P.: Aerosol emissions by tropical forest and savanna biomass burning – characteristic trace-elements and fluxes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 3039–3042, 1995.
Emmons, L. K., Edwards, D. P., Deeter, M. N., Gille, J. C., Campos, T., Nedelec, P., Novelli, P., and Sachse, G.: Measurements of pollution in the troposphere (mopitt) validation through 2006, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 1795–1803, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-1795-2009, 2009.
Fan, S. M., Horowitz, L. W., Levy II, H., and Moxim, W. J.: Impact of air pollution on wet deposition of mineral dust aerosols, Geophys. Res. Lett., 1, L02104, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GL0118501, 2004.
Fehsenfeld, F. C., Ancellet, G., Bates, T. S., Goldstein, A. H., Hardesty, R. M., Honrath, R., Law, K. S., Lewis, A. C., Leaitch, R., McKeen, S., Meagher, J., Parrish, D. D., Pszenny, A. A. P., Russell, P. B., Schlager, H., Seinfeld, J., Talbot, R., and Zbinden, R.: International consortium for atmospheric research on transport and transformation (icartt): North america to Europe – overview of the 2004 summer field study, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 111, D23S01, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007829, 2006.
Ferreira, J., Reeves, C. E., Murphy, J. G., L., G.-C., Parker, D. J., and Oram, D. E.: Isoprene emissions modelling for west africa using megan, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 10, 6923–6953, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-6923-2010, 2010.
Fiedler, V., Arnold, F., Ludmann, S., Minikin, A., Pirjola, L., Dornbrack, A., and Schlager, H.: African biomass burning plumes over the atlantic: Aircraft based measurements and implications for h2so4 and hno3 mediated smake partical activation, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 10, 7699–7743, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-7699-2010, 2010.
Fierli, F., Orlandi, E., Law, K. S., Cagnazzo, C., Cairo, F., Borrmann, S., Donfrancesco, G. D., Schiller, C., Ravegnani, F., and Volk, M.: Impact of deep convection in the upper troposphere in west africa: In-situ observations and mesoscale modelling, submitted, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 2010.
Flamant, C., Chaboureau, J.-P., Parker, D. J., Taylor, C. M., Cammas, J.-P., Bock, O., Timouck, F., and Pelon, J.: Airborne observations of the impact of a convective system on the planetary boundary layer thermodynamics and aerosol distribution in the inter-tropical discontinuity region of the west african monsoon,, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 133, 1175–1189, 2007.
Flamant, C., Knippertz, P., Parker, D., Chaboureau, J.-P., Lavaysse, C., Agusti-Panareda, A., and Kergoat, L.: The impact of a mesoscale convective system cold-pool on the northward propagation of the inter-tropical discontinuity over west africa, Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 135, 139–165, 2009a.
Flamant, C., Lavaysse, C., Todd, M., Chaboureau, J.-P., and Pelon, J.: Multi-platform observations of a springtime case of bodélé and sudan dust emission, transport and scavenging over west africa, Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 135,, 413–430, 2009b.
Flamant, C., Parker, D., Knippertz, P., Lavaysse, C., and Chaboureau, J.-P.: The impact of african easterly waves on the sahelian planetary boundary layer and convective initiation in the aïr mountains region: An observational case study, Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., in preparation, 2009c.
Folkins, I., Braun, C., Thompson, A. M., and Witte, J.: Tropical ozone as an indicator of deep convection, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 107(D13), 4184, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001178, 2002.
Formenti, P., Elbert, W., Maenhaut, W., Haywood, J., and Andreae, M. O.: Chemical composition of mineral dust aerosol during the saharan dust experiment (shade) airborne campaign in the cape verde region, september 2000, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 108, 8576, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002jd002648, 2003.
Formenti, P., Grand, N., Chevaillier, S., Schmestig, C., and Desboeufs, K.: Airborne observations of aerosol particles over western africa in the summer monsoon season: Spatial and vertical variability of physico-chemical and optical properties, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., in preparation, 2010.
Forster, P., Ramaswamy, V., Artaxo, P., Berntsen, T., Betts, R., Fahey, D. W., Haywood, J., Lean, J., Lowe, D. C., Myhre, G., Nganga, J., Prinn, R., Raga, G., Schulz, M., and Van Dorland, R.: Changes in Atmospheric Constituents and in Radiative Forcing. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by: Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Chen, Z., Marquis, M., Averyt, K. B., Tignor, M., and Miller, H. L., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 2007.
Garcia-Carreras, L., Parker, D. J., Taylor, C. M., Reeves, C. E., and Murphy, J. G.: Impact of mesoscale vegetation heterogeneities on the dynamical and thermodynamic properties of the planetary boundary layer, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D03102, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD012811, 2010.
Generoso, S., Breon, F. M., Balkanski, Y., Boucher, O., and Schulz, M.: Improving the seasonal cycle and interannual variations of biomass burning aerosol sources, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 1211-1222, 2003.
Generoso, S., Bey, I., Labonne, M., and Breon, F. M.: Aerosol vertical distribution in dust outflow over the atlantic: Comparisons between geos-chem and cloud-aerosol lidar and infrared pathfinder satellite observation (calipso), J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 113, D24209, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jd010154, 2008.
Goudie, A. S. a. N. J. M.: The changing frequency of dust storms through time, Clim. Change, 20, 197–225, 1992.
Green, T. J., Reeves, C. E., Fleming, Z. L., Brough, N., Rickard, A. R., Bandy, B. J., Monks, P. S., and Penkett, S. A.: An improved dual channel perca instrument for atmospheric measurements of peroxy radicals, J. Environ. Monit., 8, 530–536, 10.1039/b514630e, 2006.
Greenberg, J. P., Guenther, A. B., Madronich, S., Baugh, W., Ginoux, P., Druilhet, A., Delmas, R., and Delon, C.: Biogenic volatile organic compound emissions in central africa during the experiment for the regional sources and sinks of oxidants (expresso) biomass burning season, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 104, 30659–30671, 1999.
Greenberg, J. P., Guenther, A., Harley, P., Otter, L., Veenendaal, E. M., Hewitt, C. N., James, A. E., and Owen, S. M.: Eddy flux and leaf-level measurements of biogenic voc emissions from mopane woodland of botswana, J. Geophy. Res.-Atmos., 108, 8466, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002317, 2003.
Guenther, A., Hewitt, C. N., Erickson, D., Fall, R., Geron, C., Graedel, T., Harley, P., Klinger, L., Lerdau, M., McKay, W. A., Pierce, T., Scholes, B., Steinbrecher, R., Tallamraju, R., Taylor, J., and Zimmerman, P.: A global-model of natural volatile organic-compound emissions, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 100, 8873–8892, 1995.
Guenther, A., Otter, L., Zimmerman, P., Greenberg, J., Scholes, R., and Scholes, M.: Biogenic hydrocarbon emissions from southern african savannas, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 101, 25859–25865, 1996.
Guenther, A., Baugh, B., Brasseur, G., Greenberg, J., Harley, P., Klinger, L., Serca, D., and Vierling, L.: Isoprene emission estimates and uncertainties for the central african expresso study domain, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 104, 30625–30639, 1999.
Guenther, A., Karl, T., Harley, P., Wiedinmyer, C., Palmer, P. I., and Geron, C.: Estimates of global terrestrial isoprene emissions using megan (model of emissions of gases and aerosols from nature), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 3181–3210, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-3181-2006, 2006.
Hao, W. M., and Liu, M. H.: Spatial and temporal distribution of tropical biomass burning, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 8, 495–503, 1994.
Haywood, J., Francis, P., Osborne, S., Glew, M., Loeb, N., Highwood, E., Tanre, D., Myhre, G., Formenti, P., and Hirst, E.: Radiative properties and direct radiative effect of saharan dust measured by the c-130 aircraft during shade: 1. Solar spectrum, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 108, 8577, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002jd002687, 2003.
Heard, D. E.: Atmospheric field measurements of the hydroxylradical using laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy, Annual Review of Physical Chemistry, 57, 191–216, 2006.
Homan, C. D., Volk, C. M., Kuhn, A. C., Werner, A., Baehr, J., Viciani, S., Ulanovski, A., and Ravegnani, F.: Tracer measurements in the tropical tropopause layer during the AMMA/SCOUT-O3 aircraft campaign, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 3615–3627, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-3615-2010, 2010.
Hopkins, J. R., Evans, M. J., Lee, J. D., Lewis, A. C., Marsham, J. H., McQuaid, J. B., Parker, D. J., Stewart, D. J., Reeves, C. E., and Purvis, R. M.: Direct estimates of emissions from the megacity of lagos, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 8471–8477, 2009.
Jaegle, L., Martin, R. V., Chance, K., Steinberger, L., Kurosu, T. P., Jacob, D. J., Modi, A. I., Yoboue, V., Sigha-Nkamdjou, L., and Galy-Lacaux, C.: Satellite mapping of rain-induced nitric oxide emissions from soils, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 109, 8802, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD003121, 2004.
Janicot, S., Thorncroft, C. D., Ali, A., Asencio, N., Berry, G., Bock, O., Bourles, B., Caniaux, G., Chauvin, F., Deme, A., Kergoat, L., Lafore, J.-P., Lavaysse, C., Lebel, T., Marticorena, B., Mounier, F., Nedelec, P., Redelsperger, J.-L., Ravegnani, F., Reeves, C. E., Roca, R., de Rosnay, P., Schlager, H., Sultan, B., Tomasini, M., Ulanovsky, A., and ACMAD forecasters team: Large-scale overview of the summer monsoon over West Africa during the AMMA field experiment in 2006, Ann. Geophys., 26, 2569–2595, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-26-2569-2008, 2008.
Jenkins, G. S. and Ryu, J. H.: Linking horizontal and vertical transports of biomass fire emissions to the tropical atlantic ozone paradox during the northern hemisphere winter season: Climatology, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 4, 449–469, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-4-449-2004, 2004a.
Jenkins, G. S. and Ryu, J. H.: Space-borne observations link the tropical atlantic ozone maximum and paradox to lightning, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 4, 361–375, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-4-361-2004, 2004b.
Kanakidou, M., Seinfeld, J. H., Pandis, S. N., Barnes, I., Dentener, F. J., Facchini, M. C., Van Dingenen, R., Ervens, B., Nenes, A., Nielsen, C. J., Swietlicki, E., Putaud, J. P., Balkanski, Y., Fuzzi, S., Horth, J., Moortgat, G. K., Winterhalter, R., Myhre, C. E. L., Tsigaridis, K., Vignati, E., Stephanou, E. G., and Wilson, J.: Organic aerosol and global climate modelling: a review, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 1053-1123, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-5-1053-2005, 2005
Karyampudi, V. M., Palm, S. P., Reagen, J. A., Fang, H., Grant, W. B., Hoff, R. M., Moulin, C., Pierce, H. F., Torres, O., Browell, E. V., and Melfi, S. H.: Validation of the saharan dust plume conceptual model using lidar, meteosat, and ecmwf data, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 80, 1045–1075, 1999.
Kavouras, I. G., Mihalopoulos, N., and Stephanou, E. G.: Formation of atmospheric particles from organic acids produced by forests, Nature, 395, 683–686, 1998.
Khaykin, S., Pommereau, J.-P., Korshunov, L., Yushkov, V., Nielsen, J., Larsen, N., Christensen, T., Garnier, A., Lukyanov, A., and Williams, E.: Hydration of the lower stratosphere by ice crystal geysers over land convective systems, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 2275–2287, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-2275-2009, 2009.
Klinger, L. F., Greenberg, J., Guenther, A., Tyndall, G., Zimmerman, P., M'Bangui, M., and Moutsambote, J. M.: Patterns in volatile organic compound e missions along a savanna-rainforest gradient in central africa, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 103, 1443–1454, 1998.
Kroll, J. H., Ng, N. L., Murphy, S. M., Flagan, R. C., and Seinfeld, J. H.: Secondary organic aerosol formation from isoprene photooxidation, Environ. Sci. Technol., 40, 1869–1877, 2006.
Law, K. S., Fierli, F., Cairo, F., Schlager, H., Borrmann, S., Streibel, M., Real, E., Kunkel, D., Schiller, C., Ravegnani, F., Ulanovsky, A., d'Amato, F., Viciani, S., and Volk, M.: Air mass origins influencing ttl chemical composition over west africa during 2006 summer monsoon, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 10, 15485–15536, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-15485-2010, 2010.
Lebel, T., Parker, D. J., Flamant, C., Bourles, B., Marticorena, B., Mougin, E., Peugeot, C., Diedhiou, A., Haywood, J. M., Ngamini, J. B., Polcher, J., Redelsperger, J.-L., and Thorncroft, C. D.: The amma field campaigns: Multiscale and multidisciplinary observations in the West African region, Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 136(S1), 8–33, https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.486, 2009.
Legrand, M.: Satellite remote sensing of desert dust over continents, Physical measurements and signatures in remote sensing, vols 1 and 2, edited by: Guyot, G. and Phulpin, T., 641–645, 1997.
Liu, X. M., Riviére, E. D., Marécal, V., Durry, G., Hamdouni, A., Arteta, J., and Khaykin, S.: Water vapor budget associated to overshoots in the tropical stratosphere: mesoscale modelling study of 4–5 August 2006 during SCOUT-AMMA, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 10, 3975–4025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-3975-2010, 2010.
Mari, C. H., Cailley, G., Corre, L., Saunois, M., Attie, J. L., Thouret, V., and Stohl, A.: Tracing biomass burning plumes from the southern hemisphere during the amma 2006 wet season experiment, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 3951–3961, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-3951-2008, 2008.
Marsham, J. H., Parker, D. J., Grams, C. M., Taylor, C. M., and Haywood, J. M.: Uplift of saharan dust south of the intertropical discontinuity, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D21102, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JD009844, 2008.
Marticorena, B., Chatenet, B., Rajot, J. L., Traoré, S., Coulibaly, M., Diallo, A., Koné, I., Maman, A., N'Diaye, T., and Zakou, A.: Temporal variability of mineral dust concentrations over West Africa: analyses of a pluriannual monitoring from the AMMA Sahelian Dust Transect, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 10, 8051–8101, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-8051-2010, 2010.
Mathon, V., and Laurent, H.: Life cycle of sahelian mesoscale convective cloud systems, Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 127, 377–406, 2001.
Matsuki, A., Quennehen, B., Schwarzenboeck, A., Crumeyrolle, S., Venzac, H., Laj, P., and Gomes, L.: Temporal and spatial variations of aerosol physical and chemical properties over west africa: Amma aircraft campaign in summer 2006, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 4463–4500, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-4463-2010, 2010a.
Matsuki, A., Schwarzenboeck, A., Venzac, H., Laj, P., Crumeyrolle, S., and Gomes, L.: Effect of surface reaction on the cloud nucleating properties of mineral dust: Amma aircraft campaign in summer 2006, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 1057–1069, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-9-1797-2009, 2010b.
McConnell, C. L., Highwood, E. J., Coe, H., Formenti, P., Anderson, B., Osborne, S., Nava, S., and Chen, G.: Seasonal variations of the physical and optical characteristics of saharan dust: Results from the dust outflow and deposition to the ocean (dodo) experiment, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D14S05, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009606, 2008.
Minga, A., V., T., Saunois, M., Delon, C., Serca, D., Mari, C., Sauvage, B., Mariscal, A., Leriche, M., and Cros, B.: What caused extreme ozone concentrations over Cotonou in December 2005?, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 895–907, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-895-2010, 2010.
Murphy, J. G., Oram, D. E., and Reeves, C. E.: Measurements of volatile organic compounds over West Africa, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 5281–5294, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-5281-2010, 2010.
N'Tchayi Mbourou, G., Bertrand, J. J., and Nicholson, S. E.: The diurnal and seasonal cycles of wind-borne dust over africa north of the equator, J. Appl. Meteor., 36, 868–882, 1997.
N'Tchayi Mbourou, G. M., Bertrand, J., Legrand, M., and Baudet, J.: Temporal and spatial variations of the atmospheric dust loading throughout West Africa over the last thirty years, Ann. Geophys., 12, 265–273, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00585-994-0265-3, 1994.
Nganga, D., Minga, A., Cros, B., Biona, C. B., Fishman, J., and Grant, W. B.: The vertical distribution of ozone measured at Brazzaville, congo during trace a, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 101, 24095–24103, 1996.
Osborne, S. R., Johnson, B. T., Haywood, J. M., Baran, A. J., Harrison, M. A. J., and McConnell, C. L.: Physical and optical properties of mineral dust aerosol during the dust and biomass-burning experiment, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D00C03, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009551, 2008.
Otter, L., Guenther, A., Wiedinmyer, C., Fleming, G., Harley, P., and Greenberg, J.: Spatial and temporal variations in biogenic volatile organic compound emissions for africa south of the equator, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 108, 8505, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002609, 2003.
Otter, L. B., Guenther, A., and Greenberg, J.: Seasonal and spatial variations in biogenic hydrocarbon emissions from southern african savannas and woodlands, Atmos. Environ., 36, 4265–4275, 2002.
Palazzi, E., Fierli, F., Cairo, F., Cagnazzo, C., Donfrancesco, G. D., Manzini, E., Ravegnani, F., Schiller, C., D'Amato, F., and Volk, C. M.: Diagnostics of the tropical tropopause layer from in-situ observations and ccm data, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 9349–9367, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-9349-2009, 2009.
Parker, D. J., Thorncroft, C. D., Burton, R. R., and Diongue-Niang, A.: Analysis of the african easterly jet, using aircraft observations from the jet2000 experiment, Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 131, 1461–1482, 2005.
Peyrille, P., Lafore, J. P., and Redelsperger, J. L.: An idealized two-dimensional framework to study the west african monsoon. Part i: Validation and key controlling factors, J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 2765–2782, 2007.
Pfister, G. G., Emmons, L. K., Hess, P. G., Lamarque, J. F., Orlando, J. J., Walters, S., Guenther, A., Palmer, P. I., and Lawrence, P. J.: Contribution of isoprene to chemical budgets: A model tracer study with the ncar ctm mozart-4, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 113, D02204, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD008797, 2008.
Rajot, J. L.: Wind blown sediment mass budget of sahelian village land units in Niger, Bulletin De La Societe Geologique De France, 172, 523–531, 2001.
Rajot, J. L., Formenti, P., Alfaro, S., Desboeufs, K., Chevaillier, S., Chatenet, B., Gaudichet, A., Journet, E., Marticorena, B., Triquet, S., Maman, A., Mouget, N., and Zakou, A.: Amma dust experiment: An overview of measurements performed during the dry season special observation period (sop0) at the banizoumbou (niger) supersite, Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 113, D00C14, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jd009906, 2008.
Real, E., Orlandi, E., Law, K. S., Fierli, F., Josset, D., Cairo, F., Schlager, H., Borrmann, S., Kunkel, D., Volk, C. M., McQuaid, J. B., Stewart, D. J., Lee, J., Lewis, A. C., Hopkins, J. R., Ravegnani, F., Ulanovski, A., and Liousse, C.: Cross-hemispheric transport of central African biomass burning pollutants: implications for downwind ozone production, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 3027–3046, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-3027-2010, 2010.
Redelsperger, J. L., Thorncroft, C. D., Diedhiou, A., Lebel, T., Parker, D. J., and Polcher, J.: African monsoon multidisciplinary analysis – an international research project and field campaign, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 87, 1739–1746, https://doi.org/10.1175/bams-87-12-1739, 2006.
Richter, A., Burrows, J. P., Nuss, H., Granier, C., and Niemeier, U.: Increase in tropospheric nitrogen dioxide over china observed from space, Nature, 437, 129–132, 2005.
Saunois, M., Reeves, C. E., Mari, C. H., Murphy, J. G., Stewart, D. J., Mills, G. P., Oram, D. E., and Purvis, R. M.: Factors controlling the mdistribution of ozone in the west african lower troposphere during the amma (african monsoon multidisciplinary analysis) wet season campaign, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 6135–6155, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-6135-2009, 2009.
Sauvage, B., Thouret, V., Cammas, J. P., Gheusi, F., Athier, G., and Nedelec, P.: Tropospheric ozone over equatorial africa: Regional aspects from the mozaic data, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 311–335, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-5-311-2005, 2005.
Sauvage, B., Gheusi, F., Thouret, V., Cammas, J.-P., Duron, J., Escobar, J., Mari, C., Mascart, P., and Pont, V.: Medium-range mid-tropospheric transport of ozone and precursors over Africa: two numerical case studies in dry and wet seasons, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 5357–5370, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-5357-2007, 2007. Saxton, J. E., Lewis, A. C., Kettlewell, J. H., Ozel, M. Z., Gogus, F., Boni, Y., Korogone, S. O. U., and Serça, D.: Isoprene and monoterpene measurements in a secondary forest in northern Benin, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 4095–4106, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-4095-2007, 2007.
Schiller, C., Groo{ß}, J.-U., Konopka, P., Plöger, F., Santos, F. H. S. d., and Spelten, N.: Hydration and dehydration at the tropical tropopause, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 9647–9660, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-9647-2009, 2009.
Schumann, U. and Huntrieser, H.: The global lightning-induced nitrogen oxides source, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 3823–3907, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-3823-2007, 2007.
Serca, D., Guenther, A., Klinger, L., Vierling, L., Harley, P., Druilhet, A., Greenberg, J., Baker, B., Baugh, W., Bouka-Biona, C., and Loemba-Ndembi, J.: Expresso flux measurements at upland and lowland congo tropical forest site, Tellus B-Chem. Phys. Meteorol., 53, 220–234, 2001.
Shilling, J. E., Chen, Q., King, S. M., Rosenoern, T., Kroll, J. H., Worsnop, D. R., McKinney, K. A., and Martin, S. T.: Particle mass yield in secondary organic aerosol formed by the dark ozonolysis of alpha-pinene, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 2073–2088, 2008.
Shim, C., Wang, Y. H., Choi, Y., Palmer, P. I., Abbot, D. S., and Chance, K.: Constraining global isoprene emissions with global ozone monitoring experiment (gome) formaldehyde column measurements, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 110, 2005.
Stewart, D. J., Taylor, C. M., Reeves, C. E., and McQuaid, J. B.: Biogenic nitrogen oxide emissions from soils: impact on NOx and ozone over west Africa during AMMA (African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis): observational study, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 2285–2297, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-2285-2008, 2008.
Stone, D., Evans, M. J., Commane, R., Ingham, T., Floquet, C. F. A., McQuaid, J. B., Brookes, D. M., Monks, P. S., Purvis, R., Hamilton, J., Hopkins, J., Lee, J., Lewis, A. C., Stewart, D., Murphy, J., Mills, G., Oram, D., Reeves, C. E., and Heard, D. E.: HOx observations over West Africa during AMMA: impact of isoprene and NOx, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 10, 17029–17072, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-17029-2010, 2010.
Taylor, C. M., Parker, D. J., and Harris, P. P.: An observational case study of mesoscale atmospheric circulations induced by soil moisture, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L15801, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL030572, 2007.
Tegen, I., and Fung, I.: Contribution to the atmospheric mineral aerosol load from land-surface modification, Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 100, 18707–18726, 1995.
Textor, C., Schulz, M., Guibert, S., Kinne, S., Balkanski, Y., Bauer, S., Berntsen, T., Berglen, T., Boucher, O., Chin, M., Dentener, F., Diehl, T., Easter, R., Feichter, H., Fillmore, D., Ghan, S., Ginoux, P., Gong, S., Kristjansson, J. E., Krol, M., Lauer, A., Lamarque, J. F., Liu, X., Montanaro, V., Myhre, G., Penner, J., Pitari, G., Reddy, S., Seland, O., Stier, P., Takemura, T., and Tie, X.: Analysis and quantification of the diversities of aerosol life cycles within aerocom, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 1777–1813, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-1777-2006, 2006.
Textor, C., Schulz, M., Guibert, S., Kinne, S., Balkanski, Y., Bauer, S., Berntsen, T., Berglen, T., Boucher, O., Chin, M., Dentener, F., Diehl, T., Feichter, J., Fillmore, D., Ginoux, P., Gong, S., Grini, A., Hendricks, J., Horowitz, L., Huang, P., Isaksen, I. S. A., Iversen, T., Kloster, S., Koch, D., Kirkevag, A., Kristjansson, J. E., Krol, M., Lauer, A., Lamarque, J. F., Liu, X., Montanaro, V., Myhre, G., Penner, J. E., Pitari, G., Reddy, M. S., Seland, O., Stier, P., Takemura, T., and Tie, X.: The effect of harmonized emissions on aerosol properties in global models – an aerocom experiment, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 4489–4501, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-4489-2007, 2007.
Thompson, A. M., Pickering, K. E., McNamara, D. P., Schoeberl, M. R., Hudson, R. D., Kim, J. H., Browell, E. V., Kirchhoff, V., and Nganga, D.: Where did tropospheric ozone over southern africa and the tropical atlantic come from in october 1992? Insights from toms, gte trace a, and safari 1992, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 101, 24251–24278, 1996.
Thorncroft, C. D. and Blackburn, M.: Maintenance of the african easterly jet, Qu. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 125, 763–786, 1999.
Thorncroft, C. D., Parker, D. J., Burton, R. R., Diop, M., Ayers, J. H., Barjat, H., Devereau, S., Diongue, A., Dumelow, R., Kindred, D. R., Price, N. M., Saloum, M., Tayor, C. M., and Tompkins, A. M.: The jet2000 project – aircraft observations of the african easterly jet and african easterly waves, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 84, 337–351, 2003.
Thouret, V., Saunois, M., Minga, A., Mariscal, A., Sauvage, B., Solete, A., Agbangla, D., Nedelec, P., Mari, C., Reeves, C. E., and Schlager, H.: An overview of two years of ozone radio soundings over cotonou as part of amma, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 6157–6174, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-6157-2009, 2009.
van Aardenne, J. A., Dentener, F. J., Olivier, J. G. J., Goldewijk, C., and Lelieveld, J.: A 1 degrees × 1 degrees resolution data set of historical anthropogenic trace gas emissions for the period 1890–1990, Global Biogeoch. Cy., 15, 909–928, 2001.
Voigt, C., Schlager, H., Roiger, A., Stenke, A., Reus, M. d., Borrmann, S., Jensen, E., Schiller, C., Konopka, P., and Sitnikov, N.: Detection of reactive nitrogen containing particles in the tropopause region – evidence for a tropical nitric acid trihydrate (nat) belt, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 7421–7430, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-7421-2008, 2008.
Volkamer, R., Jimenez, J. L., San Martini, F., Dzepina, K., Zhang, Q., Salcedo, D., Molina, L. T., Worsnop, D. R., and Molina, M. J.: Secondary organic aerosol formation from anthropogenic air pollution: Rapid and higher than expected, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, 2006.
Weller, R., Lilischkis, R., Schrems, O., Neuber, R., and Wessel, S.: Vertical ozone distribution in the marine atmosphere over the central atlantic ocean (56 degrees S 50 degrees N), J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 101, 1387–1399, 1996.
Wendisch, M., Keil, A., Muller, D., Wandinger, U., Wendling, P., Stifter, A., Petzold, A., Fiebig, M., Wiegner, M., Freudenthaler, V., Armbruster, W., von Hoyningen-Huene, W., and Leiterer, U.: Aerosol-radiation interaction in the cloudless atmosphere during lace 98 – 1. Measured and calculated broadband solar and spectral surface insolations, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 107, 8124, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000jd000226, 2002.
Williams, J. E., Scheele, M. P., van Velthoven, P. F. J., Cammas, J. P., Thouret, V., Galy-Lacaux, C., and Volz-Thomas, A.: The influence of biogenic emissions from africa on tropical tropospheric ozone during 2006: A global modeling study, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 5729–5749, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-5729-2009, 2009.
Williams, J. E., Scheele, M. P., van Velthoven, P. F. J., Thouret, V., Saunois, M., Reeves, C. E., and Cammas, J.-P.: The influence of biomass burning on tropospheric composition over the tropical Atlantic Ocean and Equatorial Africa during the West African monsoon in 2006, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 10, 7507–7552, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-7507-2010, 2010.
Wittrock, F., Richter, A., Oetjen, H., Burrows, J. P., Kanakidou, M., Myriokefalitakis, S., Volkamer, R., Beirle, S., Platt, U., and Wagner, T.: Simultaneous global observations of glyoxal and formaldehyde from space, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, 2006.
Yoshioka, M., Mahowald, N., Dufresne, J.-L., and Luo, C.: Simulation of absorbing aerosol indices for african dust, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D18S17, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD005276, 2005.
Zhang, Q., Jimenez, J. L., Canagaratna, M. R., Allan, J. D., Coe, H., Ulbrich, I., Alfarra, M. R., Takami, A., Middlebrook, A. M., Sun, Y. L., Dzepina, K., Dunlea, E., Docherty, K., DeCarlo, P. F., Salcedo, D., Onasch, T., Jayne, J. T., Miyoshi, T., Shimono, A., Hatakeyama, S., Takegawa, N., Kondo, Y., Schneider, J., Drewnick, F., Borrmann, S., Weimer, S., Demerjian, K., Williams, P., Bower, K., Bahreini, R., Cottrell, L., Griffin, R. J., Rautiainen, J., Sun, J. Y., Zhang, Y. M., and Worsnop, D. R.: Ubiquity and dominance of oxygenated species in organic aerosols in anthropogenically-influenced northern hemisphere midlatitudes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L13801, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL029979, 2007.
Special issue
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint