Articles | Volume 25, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3765-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3765-2025
Measurement report
 | 
01 Apr 2025
Measurement report |  | 01 Apr 2025

Measurement report: Sources and meteorology influencing highly time-resolved PM2.5 trace elements at three urban sites in the extremely polluted Indo-Gangetic Plain in India

Ashutosh K. Shukla, Sachchida N. Tripathi, Shamitaksha Talukdar, Vishnu Murari, Sreenivas Gaddamidi, Manousos-Ioannis Manousakas, Vipul Lalchandani, Kuldeep Dixit, Vinayak M. Ruge, Peeyush Khare, Mayank Kumar, Vikram Singh, Neeraj Rastogi, Suresh Tiwari, Atul K. Srivastava, Dilip Ganguly, Kaspar Rudolf Daellenbach, and André S. H. Prévôt

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Subject: Aerosols | Research Activity: Field Measurements | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
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Cited articles

Agarwal, P., Stevenson, D. S., and Heal, M. R.: Quantifying the dominant sources influencing the 2016 particulate matter pollution episode over northern India, Environmental Science: Atmospheres, 4, 655–669, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3EA00174A, 2024. 
Almeida, S. M., Lage, J., Fernández, B., Garcia, S., Reis, M. A., and Chaves, P. C.: Chemical characterization of atmospheric particles and source apportionment in the vicinity of a steelmaking industry, Sci. Total Environ., 521–522, 411–420, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2015.03.112, 2015. 
Al Osman, M., Yang, F., and Massey, I. Y.: Exposure routes and health effects of heavy metals on children, BioMetals, 32, 563–573, https://doi.org/10.1007/S10534-019-00193-5, 2019. 
Belis, C. A., Favez, O., Mircea, M., Diapouli, E., Manousakas, M. I., Vratolis, S., Gilardoni, S., Paglione, M., Decesari, S., Mocnik, G., Mooibroek, D., Salvador, P., Takahama, S., Vecchi, R., and Paatero, P.: European Guide on Air Pollution Source Apportionment with Receptor Models – Revised Version 2019, https://doi.org/10.2760/439106, 2019. 
Bhat, M. A., Romshoo, S. A., and Beig, G.: Aerosol black carbon at an urban site-Srinagar, Northwestern Himalaya, India: Seasonality, sources, meteorology and radiative forcing, Atmos. Environ., 165, 336–348, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2017.07.004, 2017. 
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Our study delves into the elemental composition of aerosols at three sites across the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), revealing distinct patterns during pollution episodes. We found significant increases in chlorine (Cl)-rich and solid fuel combustion (SFC) sources, indicating dynamic emission sources, agricultural burning impacts, and meteorological influences. Surges in Cl-rich particles during cold periods highlight their role in particle growth under high-relative-humidity conditions.
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