Articles | Volume 21, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-163-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-163-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Concerted measurements of free amino acids at the Cabo Verde islands: high enrichments in submicron sea spray aerosol particles and cloud droplets
Nadja Triesch
Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz-Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Leipzig 04318, Germany
Manuela van Pinxteren
Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz-Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Leipzig 04318, Germany
Anja Engel
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel 24105, Germany
Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz-Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Leipzig 04318, Germany
Related authors
Manuela van Pinxteren, Tiera-Brandy Robinson, Sebastian Zeppenfeld, Xianda Gong, Enno Bahlmann, Khanneh Wadinga Fomba, Nadja Triesch, Frank Stratmann, Oliver Wurl, Anja Engel, Heike Wex, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5725–5742, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5725-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5725-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A class of marine particles (transparent exopolymer particles, TEPs) that is ubiquitously found in the world oceans was measured for the first time in ambient marine aerosol particles and marine cloud waters in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. TEPs are likely to have good properties for influencing clouds. We show that TEPs are transferred from the ocean to the marine atmosphere via sea-spray formation and our results suggest that they can also form directly in aerosol particles and in cloud water.
Nadja Triesch, Manuela van Pinxteren, Sanja Frka, Christian Stolle, Tobias Spranger, Erik Hans Hoffmann, Xianda Gong, Heike Wex, Detlef Schulz-Bull, Blaženka Gašparović, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 4267–4283, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4267-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4267-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
To investigate the source of lipids and their representatives in the marine atmosphere, concerted measurements of seawater and submicrometer aerosol particle sampling were carried out on the Cabo Verde islands. This field study describes the biogenic sources of lipids, their selective transfer from the ocean into the atmosphere and their enrichment as part of organic matter. A strong enrichment of the studied representatives of the lipid classes on submicrometer aerosol particles was observed.
Amavi N. Silva, Surandokht Nikzad, Theresa Barthelmeß, Anja Engel, Hartmut Hermann, Manuela van Pinxteren, Kai Wirtz, Oliver Wurl, and Markus Schartau
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4050, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4050, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Biogeosciences (BG).
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted the first meta-analysis combining marine and freshwater studies to understand organic matter enrichment in the surface microlayer. Nitrogen-rich, particulate compounds are often enriched, with patterns varying by multiple factors. We recommend tracking both absolute concentrations and normalized enrichment patterns to better assess ecological conditions. Our study also introduces improved statistical methods for analyzing and comparing surface microlayer data.
Yaru Wang, Dominik van Pinxteren, Andreas Tilgner, Erik Hans Hoffmann, Max Hell, Susanne Bastian, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 8907–8927, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8907-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8907-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Tropospheric ground-level ozone (O3) is a global air quality pollutant and greenhouse gas. Long-term O3 trends from 16 stations in Saxony, Germany, were compared over three periods, revealing worsened O3 pollution over the last decade. O3 formation has been volatile organic compound (VOC)-limited at traffic and urban sites for the past 20 years. To mitigate O3 pollution, moderate nitrogen oxides and additional VOC controls, particularly in solvent use, should be prioritized in the coming years.
Vikram Pratap, Christopher J. Hennigan, Bastian Stieger, Andreas Tilgner, Laurent Poulain, Dominik van Pinxteren, Gerald Spindler, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 8871–8889, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8871-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8871-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we characterize trends in aerosol pH and its controlling factors during the period 2010–2019 at the Melpitz research station in eastern Germany. We find strong trends in aerosol pH and major inorganic species in response to changing emissions. We conduct a detailed thermodynamic analysis of the aerosol system and discuss implications for controlling particulate matter in the region.
Anisbel Leon-Marcos, Moritz Zeising, Manuela van Pinxteren, Sebastian Zeppenfeld, Astrid Bracher, Elena Barbaro, Anja Engel, Matteo Feltracco, Ina Tegen, and Bernd Heinold
Geosci. Model Dev., 18, 4183–4213, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-4183-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-4183-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study represents the primary marine organic aerosol (PMOA) emissions, focusing on their sea–atmosphere transfer. Using the FESOM2.1–REcoM3 model, concentrations of key organic biomolecules were estimated and integrated into the ECHAM6.3–HAM2.3 aerosol–climate model. Results highlight the influence of marine biological activity and surface winds on PMOA emissions, with reasonably good agreement with observations improving aerosol representation in the southern oceans.
Anisbel Leon-Marcos, Manuela van Pinxteren, Sebastian Zeppenfeld, Moritz Zeising, Astrid Bracher, Laurent Oziel, Ina Tegen, and Bernd Heinold
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2829, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2829, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study links modelled ocean surface concentrations of key marine organic groups with the aerosol-climate model ECHAM-HAM to quantify species-resolved primary marine organic aerosol emissions from 1990 to 2019. Results show strong seasonality, driven by productivity and summer sea ice loss. Emissions and burdens increased over time with more frequent positive anomalies in the last decade, revealing an overall upward trend with regional differences across the Arctic and aerosol species.
Donger Lai, Yanxin Bai, Zijing Zhang, Pui-Kin So, Yong Jie Li, Ying-Lung Steve Tse, Ying-Yeung Yeung, Thomas Schaefer, Hartmut Herrmann, Jian Zhen Yu, Yuchen Wang, and Man Nin Chan
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2743, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2743, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Aqueous-phase •OH oxidation can potentially act as an important atmospheric sink for α-pinene-derived organosulfates (OSs). Such oxidation can also generate a variety of new OS products, and can be as a potential source for some atmospheric OSs with previously unknown origins.
Lin Yang, Peiyi Bian, Jing Zhang, Anja Engel, Bin Yang, and Gui-Peng Yang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2429, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2429, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
CO, CDOM, and FDOM were more frequently enriched in the higher temperature and salinity off-shore regions. Marine-humic like CDOM tends to inhibit the sea-to-air flux of CO in the SML. The enrichment and photochemical process of CO in the SML were more active during the daytime. The photochemical production and microbial consumption rates of CO in the SML were more active than in the SSW.
Peng Cheng, Gilles Mailhot, Mohamed Sarakha, Guillaume Voyard, Daniele Scheres Firak, Thomas Schaefer, Hartmut Herrmann, and Marcello Brigante
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1744, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1744, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates the complexation of Fe(II) and Fe(III) with glutamic acid under cloud water conditions and the effect on Fenton and photo-Fenton reactions, hydroxyl radical formation, and their impact on amino acid oxidation.
Riaz Bibi, Mariana Ribas-Ribas, Leonie Jaeger, Carola Lehners, Lisa Gassen, Edgar Cortés, Jochen Wollschläger, Claudia Thölen, Hannelore Waska, Jasper Zöbelein, Thorsten Brinkhoff, Isha Athale, Rüdiger Röttgers, Michael Novak, Anja Engel, Theresa Barthelmeß, Josefine Karnatz, Thomas Reinthaler, Dmytro Spriahailo, Gernot Friedrichs, Falko Schäfer, and Oliver Wurl
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1773, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1773, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
A multidisciplinary mesocosm study was conducted to investigate biogeochemical processes and their relationships in the sea-surface microlayer and underlying water during an induced phytoplankton bloom. Phytoplankton-derived organic matter, fuelled microbial activity and biofilm formation, supporting high bacterial abundance. Distinct temporal patterns in biogeochemical parameters and greater variability in the sea-surface microlayer highlight its influence on air–sea interactions.
Hanna Wiedenhaus, Roland Schrödner, Ralf Wolke, Marie L. Luttkus, Shubhi Arora, Laurent Poulain, Radek Lhotka, Petr Vodička, Jaroslav Schwarz, Petra Pokorna, Jakub Ondráček, Vladimir Ždímal, Hartmut Herrmann, and Ina Tegen
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1225, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1225, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study examines winter air quality in Central Europe, focusing on the impact of domestic heating. Using a chemical transport model and measurements, it was found that the model underestimated organic particle concentrations. This was due to an underestimation of gases from domestic heating that form secondary organic particles. Improving the model by increasing these emissions and the particle formation led to better results, demonstrating the important role of heating emissions in winter.
Shravan Deshmukh, Laurent Poulain, Birgit Wehner, Silvia Henning, Jean-Eudes Petit, Pauline Fombelle, Olivier Favez, Hartmut Herrmann, and Mira Pöhlker
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 741–758, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-741-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-741-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol hygroscopicity has been investigated at a sub-urban site in Paris; analysis shows the sub-saturated regime's measured hygroscopicity and the chemically derived hygroscopic growth, shedding light on the large effect of external particle mixing and its influence on predicting hygroscopicity.
Pamela A. Dominutti, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Anouk Marsal, Takoua Mhadhbi, Rhabira Elazzouzi, Camille Rak, Fabrizia Cavalli, Jean-Philippe Putaud, Aikaterini Bougiatioti, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, Despina Paraskevopoulou, Ian Mudway, Athanasios Nenes, Kaspar R. Daellenbach, Catherine Banach, Steven J. Campbell, Hana Cigánková, Daniele Contini, Greg Evans, Maria Georgopoulou, Manuella Ghanem, Drew A. Glencross, Maria Rachele Guascito, Hartmut Herrmann, Saima Iram, Maja Jovanović, Milena Jovašević-Stojanović, Markus Kalberer, Ingeborg M. Kooter, Suzanne E. Paulson, Anil Patel, Esperanza Perdrix, Maria Chiara Pietrogrande, Pavel Mikuška, Jean-Jacques Sauvain, Katerina Seitanidi, Pourya Shahpoury, Eduardo J. d. S. Souza, Sarah Steimer, Svetlana Stevanovic, Guillaume Suarez, P. S. Ganesh Subramanian, Battist Utinger, Marloes F. van Os, Vishal Verma, Xing Wang, Rodney J. Weber, Yuhan Yang, Xavier Querol, Gerard Hoek, Roy M. Harrison, and Gaëlle Uzu
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 177–195, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-177-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-177-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, 20 labs worldwide collaborated to evaluate the measurement of air pollution's oxidative potential (OP), a key indicator of its harmful effects. The study aimed to identify disparities in the widely used OP dithiothreitol assay and assess the consistency of OP among labs using the same protocol. The results showed that half of the labs achieved acceptable results. However, variability was also found, highlighting the need for standardisation in OP procedures.
Shengqian Zhou, Ying Chen, Shan Huang, Xianda Gong, Guipeng Yang, Honghai Zhang, Hartmut Herrmann, Alfred Wiedensohler, Laurent Poulain, Yan Zhang, Fanghui Wang, Zongjun Xu, and Ke Yan
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 4267–4290, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4267-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4267-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is a crucial natural reactive gas in the global climate system due to its great contribution to aerosols and subsequent impact on clouds over remote oceans. Leveraging machine learning techniques, we constructed a long-term global sea surface DMS gridded dataset with daily resolution. Compared to previous datasets, our new dataset holds promise for improving atmospheric chemistry modeling and advancing our comprehension of the climate effects associated with oceanic DMS.
Anil Kumar Mandariya, Junteng Wu, Anne Monod, Paola Formenti, Bénédicte Picquet-Varrault, Mathieu Cazaunau, Stephan Mertes, Laurent Poulain, Antonin Berge, Edouard Pangui, Andreas Tilgner, Thomas Schaefer, Liang Wen, Hartmut Herrmann, and Jean-François Doussin
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2023-206, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2023-206, 2024
Publication in AMT not foreseen
Short summary
Short summary
An optimized and controlled protocol for generating quasi-adiabatic expansion clouds under simulated dark and light conditions was presented. The irradiated clouds clearly showed a gradual activation of seed particles into droplets. In contrast, non-irradiated clouds faced a flash activation. This paper will lay the foundation for multiphase photochemical studies implying water-soluble volatile organic compounds and particulate matter formation during cloud formation-evaporation cycles.
Andrea Cuesta-Mosquera, Kristina Glojek, Griša Močnik, Luka Drinovec, Asta Gregorič, Martin Rigler, Matej Ogrin, Baseerat Romshoo, Kay Weinhold, Maik Merkel, Dominik van Pinxteren, Hartmut Herrmann, Alfred Wiedensohler, Mira Pöhlker, and Thomas Müller
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2583–2605, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2583-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2583-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study evaluated the air pollution and climate impacts of residential-wood-burning particle emissions from a rural European site. The authors investigate the optical and physical properties that connect the aerosol emissions with climate by evaluating atmospheric radiative impacts via simple-forcing calculations. The study contributes to reducing the lack of information on the understanding of the optical properties of air pollution from anthropogenic sources.
Sebastian Zeppenfeld, Manuela van Pinxteren, Markus Hartmann, Moritz Zeising, Astrid Bracher, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15561–15587, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15561-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15561-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Marine carbohydrates are produced in the surface of the ocean, enter the atmophere as part of sea spray aerosol particles, and potentially contribute to the formation of fog and clouds. Here, we present the results of a sea–air transfer study of marine carbohydrates conducted in the high Arctic. Besides a chemo-selective transfer, we observed a quick atmospheric aging of carbohydrates, possibly as a result of both biotic and abiotic processes.
Karine Sellegri, Theresa Barthelmeß, Jonathan Trueblood, Antonia Cristi, Evelyn Freney, Clémence Rose, Neill Barr, Mike Harvey, Karl Safi, Stacy Deppeler, Karen Thompson, Wayne Dillon, Anja Engel, and Cliff Law
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12949–12964, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12949-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12949-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The amount of sea spray emitted to the atmosphere depends on the ocean temperature, but this dependency is not well understood, especially when ocean biology is involved. In this study, we show that sea spray emissions are increased by up to a factor of 4 at low seawater temperatures compared to moderate temperatures, and we quantify the temperature dependence as a function of the ocean biogeochemistry.
Jean-Philippe Putaud, Enrico Pisoni, Alexander Mangold, Christoph Hueglin, Jean Sciare, Michael Pikridas, Chrysanthos Savvides, Jakub Ondracek, Saliou Mbengue, Alfred Wiedensohler, Kay Weinhold, Maik Merkel, Laurent Poulain, Dominik van Pinxteren, Hartmut Herrmann, Andreas Massling, Claus Nordstroem, Andrés Alastuey, Cristina Reche, Noemí Pérez, Sonia Castillo, Mar Sorribas, Jose Antonio Adame, Tuukka Petaja, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Jarkko Niemi, Véronique Riffault, Joel F. de Brito, Augustin Colette, Olivier Favez, Jean-Eudes Petit, Valérie Gros, Maria I. Gini, Stergios Vratolis, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Evangelia Diapouli, Hugo Denier van der Gon, Karl Espen Yttri, and Wenche Aas
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10145–10161, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10145-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10145-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Many European people are still exposed to levels of air pollution that can affect their health. COVID-19 lockdowns in 2020 were used to assess the impact of the reduction in human mobility on air pollution across Europe by comparing measurement data with values that would be expected if no lockdown had occurred. We show that lockdown measures did not lead to consistent decreases in the concentrations of fine particulate matter suspended in the air, and we investigate why.
Samira Atabakhsh, Laurent Poulain, Gang Chen, Francesco Canonaco, André S. H. Prévôt, Mira Pöhlker, Alfred Wiedensohler, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6963–6988, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6963-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6963-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The study focuses on the aerosol chemical variations found in the rural-background station of Melpitz based on ACSM and MAAP measurements. Source apportionment on both organic aerosol (OA) and black carbon (eBC) was performed, and source seasonality was also linked to air mass trajectories. Overall, three anthropogenic sources were identified in OA and eBC plus two additional aged OA. Our results demonstrate the influence of transported coal-combustion-related OA even during summer time.
Manuela van Pinxteren, Sebastian Zeppenfeld, Khanneh Wadinga Fomba, Nadja Triesch, Sanja Frka, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6571–6590, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6571-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6571-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Important marine organic carbon compounds were identified in the Atlantic Ocean and marine aerosol particles. These compounds were strongly enriched in the atmosphere. Their enrichment was, however, not solely explained via sea-to-air transfer but also via atmospheric in situ formation. The identified compounds constituted about 50 % of the organic carbon on the aerosol particles, and a pronounced coupling between ocean and atmosphere for this oligotrophic region could be concluded.
Manon Rocco, Erin Dunne, Alexia Saint-Macary, Maija Peltola, Theresa Barthelmeß, Neill Barr, Karl Safi, Andrew Marriner, Stacy Deppeler, James Harnwell, Anja Engel, Aurélie Colomb, Alfonso Saiz-Lopez, Mike Harvey, Cliff S. Law, and Karine Sellegri
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-516, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-516, 2023
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
During the Sea2cloud campaign in the Southern Pacific Ocean, we measured air-sea emissions from phytopankton of two key atmospheric compounds: DMS and MeSH. These compounds are well-known to play a great role in atmospheric chemistry and climate. We see in this paper that these compounds are most emited by the nanophytoplankton population. We provide here parameters for climate models to predict future trends of the emissions of these compounds and their roles and impacts on the global warming.
Yuan Wang, Silvia Henning, Laurent Poulain, Chunsong Lu, Frank Stratmann, Yuying Wang, Shengjie Niu, Mira L. Pöhlker, Hartmut Herrmann, and Alfred Wiedensohler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 15943–15962, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15943-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15943-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol particle activation affects cloud, precipitation, radiation, and thus the global climate. Its long-term measurements are important but still scarce. In this study, more than 4 years of measurements at a central European station were analyzed. The overall characteristics and seasonal changes of aerosol particle activation are summarized. The power-law fit between particle hygroscopicity factor and diameter was recommended for predicting cloud
condensation nuclei number concentration.
Lin Yang, Jing Zhang, Anja Engel, and Gui-Peng Yang
Biogeosciences, 19, 5251–5268, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5251-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5251-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Enrichment factors of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the eastern marginal seas of China exhibited a significant spatio-temporal variation. Photochemical and enrichment processes co-regulated DOM enrichment in the sea-surface microlayer (SML). Autochthonous DOM was more frequently enriched in the SML than terrestrial DOM. DOM in the sub-surface water exhibited higher aromaticity than that in the SML.
Quentin Devresse, Kevin W. Becker, Arne Bendinger, Johannes Hahn, and Anja Engel
Biogeosciences, 19, 5199–5219, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5199-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5199-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Eddies are ubiquitous in the ocean and alter physical, chemical, and biological processes. However, how they affect organic carbon production and consumption is largely unknown. Here we show how an eddy triggers a cascade effect on biomass production and metabolic activities of phyto- and bacterioplankton. Our results may contribute to the improvement of biogeochemical models used to estimate carbon fluxes in the ocean.
Theresa Barthelmeß and Anja Engel
Biogeosciences, 19, 4965–4992, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4965-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4965-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Greenhouse gases released by human activity cause a global rise in mean temperatures. While scientists can predict how much of these gases accumulate in the atmosphere based on not only human-derived sources but also oceanic sinks, it is rather difficult to predict the major influence of coastal ecosystems. We provide a detailed study on the occurrence, composition, and controls of substances that suppress gas exchange. We thus help to determine what controls coastal greenhouse gas fluxes.
Christian Tatzelt, Silvia Henning, André Welti, Andrea Baccarini, Markus Hartmann, Martin Gysel-Beer, Manuela van Pinxteren, Robin L. Modini, Julia Schmale, and Frank Stratmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 9721–9745, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9721-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9721-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We present the abundance and origin of cloud-relevant aerosol particles in the preindustral-like conditions of the Southern Ocean (SO) during austral summer. Cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice-nucleating particles (INP) were measured during a circum-Antarctic scientific cruise with in situ instrumentation and offline filter measurements, respectively. Transport processes were found to play an equally important role as local sources for both the CCN and INP population of the SO.
Lady Mateus-Fontecha, Angela Vargas-Burbano, Rodrigo Jimenez, Nestor Y. Rojas, German Rueda-Saa, Dominik van Pinxteren, Manuela van Pinxteren, Khanneh Wadinga Fomba, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 8473–8495, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8473-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8473-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study reports the chemical composition of regionally representative PM2.5 in an area densely populated and substantially industrialized, located in the inter-Andean valley, with the highest sugarcane yield in the world and where sugarcane is burned and harvested year round. We found that sugarcane burning is not portrayed as a distinguishable sample composition component. Instead, the composition analysis revealed multiple associations among sugarcane burning components and other sources.
Manuela van Pinxteren, Tiera-Brandy Robinson, Sebastian Zeppenfeld, Xianda Gong, Enno Bahlmann, Khanneh Wadinga Fomba, Nadja Triesch, Frank Stratmann, Oliver Wurl, Anja Engel, Heike Wex, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5725–5742, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5725-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5725-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A class of marine particles (transparent exopolymer particles, TEPs) that is ubiquitously found in the world oceans was measured for the first time in ambient marine aerosol particles and marine cloud waters in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. TEPs are likely to have good properties for influencing clouds. We show that TEPs are transferred from the ocean to the marine atmosphere via sea-spray formation and our results suggest that they can also form directly in aerosol particles and in cloud water.
Kristina Glojek, Griša Močnik, Honey Dawn C. Alas, Andrea Cuesta-Mosquera, Luka Drinovec, Asta Gregorič, Matej Ogrin, Kay Weinhold, Irena Ježek, Thomas Müller, Martin Rigler, Maja Remškar, Dominik van Pinxteren, Hartmut Herrmann, Martina Ristorini, Maik Merkel, Miha Markelj, and Alfred Wiedensohler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5577–5601, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5577-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5577-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A pilot study to determine the emissions of wood burning under
real-world laboratoryconditions was conducted. We found that measured black carbon (eBC) and particulate matter (PM) in rural shallow terrain depressions with residential wood burning could be much greater than predicted by models. The exceeding levels are a cause for concern since similar conditions can be expected in numerous hilly and mountainous regions across Europe, where approximately 20 % of the total population lives.
Nabil Deabji, Khanneh Wadinga Fomba, Souad El Hajjaji, Abdelwahid Mellouki, Laurent Poulain, Sebastian Zeppenfeld, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 18147–18174, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-18147-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-18147-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Mountain and high-altitude sites provide representative data for the lower free troposphere, various pathways for aerosol interactions, and changing boundary layer heights useful in understanding atmospheric composition. However, only few studies exist in African regions despite diversity in both natural and anthropogenic emissions. This study provides detailed atmospheric studies in the northern African high-altitude region.
France Van Wambeke, Vincent Taillandier, Karine Desboeufs, Elvira Pulido-Villena, Julie Dinasquet, Anja Engel, Emilio Marañón, Céline Ridame, and Cécile Guieu
Biogeosciences, 18, 5699–5717, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5699-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5699-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Simultaneous in situ measurements of (dry and wet) atmospheric deposition and biogeochemical stocks and fluxes in the sunlit waters of the open Mediterranean Sea revealed complex physical and biological processes occurring within the mixed layer. Nitrogen (N) budgets were computed to compare the sources and sinks of N in the mixed layer. The transitory effect observed after a wet dust deposition impacted the microbial food web down to the deep chlorophyll maximum.
Frédéric Gazeau, France Van Wambeke, Emilio Marañón, Maria Pérez-Lorenzo, Samir Alliouane, Christian Stolpe, Thierry Blasco, Nathalie Leblond, Birthe Zäncker, Anja Engel, Barbara Marie, Julie Dinasquet, and Cécile Guieu
Biogeosciences, 18, 5423–5446, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5423-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-5423-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Our study shows that the impact of dust deposition on primary production depends on the initial composition and metabolic state of the tested community and is constrained by the amount of nutrients added, to sustain both the fast response of heterotrophic prokaryotes and the delayed one of phytoplankton. Under future environmental conditions, heterotrophic metabolism will be more impacted than primary production, therefore reducing the capacity of surface waters to sequester anthropogenic CO2.
Andreas Tilgner, Thomas Schaefer, Becky Alexander, Mary Barth, Jeffrey L. Collett Jr., Kathleen M. Fahey, Athanasios Nenes, Havala O. T. Pye, Hartmut Herrmann, and V. Faye McNeill
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 13483–13536, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13483-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13483-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Feedbacks of acidity and atmospheric multiphase chemistry in deliquesced particles and clouds are crucial for the tropospheric composition, depositions, climate, and human health. This review synthesizes the current scientific knowledge on these feedbacks using both inorganic and organic aqueous-phase chemistry. Finally, this review outlines atmospheric implications and highlights the need for future investigations with respect to reducing emissions of key acid precursors in a changing world.
R. Anthony Cox, Markus Ammann, John N. Crowley, Paul T. Griffiths, Hartmut Herrmann, Erik H. Hoffmann, Michael E. Jenkin, V. Faye McNeill, Abdelwahid Mellouki, Christopher J. Penkett, Andreas Tilgner, and Timothy J. Wallington
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 13011–13018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13011-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13011-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The term open-air factor was coined in the 1960s, establishing that rural air had powerful germicidal properties possibly resulting from immediate products of the reaction of ozone with alkenes, unsaturated compounds ubiquitously present in natural and polluted environments. We have re-evaluated those early experiments, applying the recently substantially improved knowledge, and put them into the context of the lifetime of aerosol-borne pathogens that are so important in the Covid-19 pandemic.
Markus Hartmann, Xianda Gong, Simonas Kecorius, Manuela van Pinxteren, Teresa Vogl, André Welti, Heike Wex, Sebastian Zeppenfeld, Hartmut Herrmann, Alfred Wiedensohler, and Frank Stratmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 11613–11636, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11613-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11613-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) are not well characterized in the Arctic despite their importance for the Arctic energy budget. Little is known about their nature (mineral or biological) and sources (terrestrial or marine, long-range transport or local). We find indications that, at the beginning of the melt season, a local, biogenic, probably marine source is likely, but significant enrichment of INPs has to take place from the ocean to the aerosol phase.
Evelyn Freney, Karine Sellegri, Alessia Nicosia, Leah R. Williams, Matteo Rinaldi, Jonathan T. Trueblood, André S. H. Prévôt, Melilotus Thyssen, Gérald Grégori, Nils Haëntjens, Julie Dinasquet, Ingrid Obernosterer, France Van Wambeke, Anja Engel, Birthe Zäncker, Karine Desboeufs, Eija Asmi, Hilkka Timonen, and Cécile Guieu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 10625–10641, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10625-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10625-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we present observations of the organic aerosol content in primary sea spray aerosols (SSAs) continuously generated along a 5-week cruise in the Mediterranean. This information is combined with seawater biogeochemical properties also measured continuously along the ship track to develop a number of parametrizations that can be used in models to determine SSA organic content in oligotrophic waters that represent 60 % of the oceans from commonly measured seawater variables.
Anke Mutzel, Yanli Zhang, Olaf Böge, Maria Rodigast, Agata Kolodziejczyk, Xinming Wang, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 8479–8498, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8479-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8479-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation and particle growth from α-pinene, limonene, and m-cresol oxidation through NO3 and OH radicals and the effect of relative humidity. The formed SOA is comprehensively characterized with respect to the content of OC / EC, WSOC, SOA-bound peroxides, and SOA marker compounds. The findings present new insights and implications of nighttime chemistry, which can form SOA more efficiently than OH radical reaction during daytime.
Gerd Krahmann, Damian L. Arévalo-Martínez, Andrew W. Dale, Marcus Dengler, Anja Engel, Nicolaas Glock, Patricia Grasse, Johannes Hahn, Helena Hauss, Mark Hopwood, Rainer Kiko, Alexandra Loginova, Carolin R. Löscher, Marie Maßmig, Alexandra-Sophie Roy, Renato Salvatteci, Stefan Sommer, Toste Tanhua, and Hela Mehrtens
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2020-308, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2020-308, 2021
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
The project "Climate-Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean" (SFB 754) was a multidisciplinary research project active from 2008 to 2019 aimed at a better understanding of the coupling between the tropical climate and ocean circulation and the ocean's oxygen and nutrient balance. On 34 research cruises, mainly in the Southeast Tropical Pacific and the Northeast Tropical Atlantic, 1071 physical, chemical and biological data sets were collected.
France Van Wambeke, Elvira Pulido, Philippe Catala, Julie Dinasquet, Kahina Djaoudi, Anja Engel, Marc Garel, Sophie Guasco, Barbara Marie, Sandra Nunige, Vincent Taillandier, Birthe Zäncker, and Christian Tamburini
Biogeosciences, 18, 2301–2323, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2301-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2301-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Michaelis–Menten kinetics were determined for alkaline phosphatase, aminopeptidase and β-glucosidase in the Mediterranean Sea. Although the ectoenzymatic-hydrolysis contribution to heterotrophic prokaryotic needs was high in terms of N, it was low in terms of C. This study points out the biases in interpretation of the relative differences in activities among the three tested enzymes in regard to the choice of added concentrations of fluorogenic substrates.
Abdelwahid Mellouki, Markus Ammann, R. Anthony Cox, John N. Crowley, Hartmut Herrmann, Michael E. Jenkin, V. Faye McNeill, Jürgen Troe, and Timothy J. Wallington
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 4797–4808, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4797-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4797-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Volatile organic compounds play an important role in atmospheric chemistry. This article, the eighth in the series, presents kinetic and photochemical data sheets evaluated by the IUPAC Task Group on Atmospheric Chemical Kinetic Data Evaluation. It covers the gas-phase reactions of organic species with four, or more, carbon atoms (≥ C4) including thermal reactions of closed-shell organic species with HO and NO3 radicals and their photolysis. These data are important for atmospheric models.
Jonathan V. Trueblood, Alessia Nicosia, Anja Engel, Birthe Zäncker, Matteo Rinaldi, Evelyn Freney, Melilotus Thyssen, Ingrid Obernosterer, Julie Dinasquet, Franco Belosi, Antonio Tovar-Sánchez, Araceli Rodriguez-Romero, Gianni Santachiara, Cécile Guieu, and Karine Sellegri
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 4659–4676, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4659-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4659-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Sea spray aerosols (SSAs) can be an important source of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) that impact cloud properties over the oceans. In the Mediterranean Sea, we found that the INPs in the seawater surface microlayer increased by an order of magnitude after a rain dust event that impacted iron and bacterial abundances. The INP properties of SSA (INPSSA) increased after a 3 d delay. Outside this event, INPSSA could be parameterized as a function of the seawater biogeochemistry.
Birthe Zäncker, Michael Cunliffe, and Anja Engel
Biogeosciences, 18, 2107–2118, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2107-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-2107-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Fungi are found in numerous marine environments. Our study found an increased importance of fungi in the Ionian Sea, where bacterial and phytoplankton counts were reduced, but organic matter was still available, suggesting fungi might benefit from the reduced competition from bacteria in low-nutrient, low-chlorophyll (LNLC) regions.
Nadja Triesch, Manuela van Pinxteren, Sanja Frka, Christian Stolle, Tobias Spranger, Erik Hans Hoffmann, Xianda Gong, Heike Wex, Detlef Schulz-Bull, Blaženka Gašparović, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 4267–4283, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4267-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4267-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
To investigate the source of lipids and their representatives in the marine atmosphere, concerted measurements of seawater and submicrometer aerosol particle sampling were carried out on the Cabo Verde islands. This field study describes the biogenic sources of lipids, their selective transfer from the ocean into the atmosphere and their enrichment as part of organic matter. A strong enrichment of the studied representatives of the lipid classes on submicrometer aerosol particles was observed.
Emilio Marañón, France Van Wambeke, Julia Uitz, Emmanuel S. Boss, Céline Dimier, Julie Dinasquet, Anja Engel, Nils Haëntjens, María Pérez-Lorenzo, Vincent Taillandier, and Birthe Zäncker
Biogeosciences, 18, 1749–1767, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1749-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1749-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The concentration of chlorophyll is commonly used as an indicator of the abundance of photosynthetic plankton (phytoplankton) in lakes and oceans. Our study investigates why a deep chlorophyll maximum, located near the bottom of the upper, illuminated layer develops in the Mediterranean Sea. We find that the acclimation of cells to low light is the main mechanism involved and that this deep maximum represents also a maximum in the biomass and carbon fixation activity of phytoplankton.
Laurent Poulain, Benjamin Fahlbusch, Gerald Spindler, Konrad Müller, Dominik van Pinxteren, Zhijun Wu, Yoshiteru Iinuma, Wolfram Birmili, Alfred Wiedensohler, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 3667–3684, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3667-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3667-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present results from source apportionment analysis on the carbonaceous aerosol particles, including organic aerosol (OA) and equivalent black carbon (eBC), allowing us to distinguish local emissions from long-range transport for OA and eBC sources. By merging online chemical measurements and considering particle number size distribution, the different air masses reaching the sampling place were described and discussed, based on their respective chemical composition and size distribution.
Jing Dou, Peter A. Alpert, Pablo Corral Arroyo, Beiping Luo, Frederic Schneider, Jacinta Xto, Thomas Huthwelker, Camelia N. Borca, Katja D. Henzler, Jörg Raabe, Benjamin Watts, Hartmut Herrmann, Thomas Peter, Markus Ammann, and Ulrich K. Krieger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 315–338, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-315-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-315-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Photochemistry of iron(III) complexes plays an important role in aerosol aging, especially in the lower troposphere. Ensuing radical chemistry leads to decarboxylation, and the production of peroxides, and oxygenated volatile compounds, resulting in particle mass loss due to release of the volatile products to the gas phase. We investigated kinetic transport limitations due to high particle viscosity under low relative humidity conditions. For quantification a numerical model was developed.
André Welti, E. Keith Bigg, Paul J. DeMott, Xianda Gong, Markus Hartmann, Mike Harvey, Silvia Henning, Paul Herenz, Thomas C. J. Hill, Blake Hornblow, Caroline Leck, Mareike Löffler, Christina S. McCluskey, Anne Marie Rauker, Julia Schmale, Christian Tatzelt, Manuela van Pinxteren, and Frank Stratmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 15191–15206, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-15191-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-15191-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Ship-based measurements of maritime ice nuclei concentrations encompassing all oceans are compiled. From this overview it is found that maritime ice nuclei concentrations are typically 10–100 times lower than over continents, while concentrations are surprisingly similar in different oceanic regions. The analysis of the influence of ship emissions shows no effect on the data, making ship-based measurements an efficient strategy for the large-scale exploration of ice nuclei concentrations.
Jiarong Li, Chao Zhu, Hui Chen, Defeng Zhao, Likun Xue, Xinfeng Wang, Hongyong Li, Pengfei Liu, Junfeng Liu, Chenglong Zhang, Yujing Mu, Wenjin Zhang, Luming Zhang, Hartmut Herrmann, Kai Li, Min Liu, and Jianmin Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 13735–13751, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-13735-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-13735-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Based on a field study at Mt. Tai, China, the simultaneous variations of cloud microphysics, aerosol microphysics and their potential interactions during cloud life cycles were discussed. Results demonstrated that clouds on clean days were more susceptible to the concentrations of particle number, while clouds formed on polluted days might be more sensitive to meteorological parameters. Particles larger than 150 nm played important roles in forming cloud droplets with sizes of 5–10 μm.
R. Anthony Cox, Markus Ammann, John N. Crowley, Hartmut Herrmann, Michael E. Jenkin, V. Faye McNeill, Abdelwahid Mellouki, Jürgen Troe, and Timothy J. Wallington
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 13497–13519, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-13497-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-13497-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Criegee intermediates, formed from alkene–ozone reactions, play a potentially important role as tropospheric oxidants. Evaluated kinetic data are provided for reactions governing their formation and removal for use in atmospheric models. These include their formation from reactions of simple and complex alkenes and removal by decomposition and reaction with a number of atmospheric species (e.g. H2O, SO2). An overview of the tropospheric chemistry of Criegee intermediates is also provided.
Yangang Ren, Bastian Stieger, Gerald Spindler, Benoit Grosselin, Abdelwahid Mellouki, Thomas Tuch, Alfred Wiedensohler, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 13069–13089, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-13069-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-13069-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We present HONO measurements from the TROPOS research site in Melpitz, Germany. Investigations of HONO sources and sinks revealed the nighttime formation by heterogeneous conversion of NO2 to HONO followed by a significant surface deposition at night. The evaporation of dew was identified as the main HONO source in the morning. In the following, dew measurements with a self-made dew collector were performed to estimate the amount of evaporated HONO from dew in the atmospheric HONO distribution.
Alexandra N. Loginova, Andrew W. Dale, Frédéric A. C. Le Moigne, Sören Thomsen, Stefan Sommer, David Clemens, Klaus Wallmann, and Anja Engel
Biogeosciences, 17, 4663–4679, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4663-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4663-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We measured dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nitrogen (DON) and matter (DOM) optical properties in pore waters and near-bottom waters of the eastern tropical South Pacific off Peru. The difference between diffusion-driven and net fluxes of DOC and DON and qualitative changes in DOM optical properties suggested active microbial utilisation of the released DOM at the sediment–water interface. Our results suggest that the sediment release of DOM contributes to microbial processes in the area.
Laurent Poulain, Gerald Spindler, Achim Grüner, Thomas Tuch, Bastian Stieger, Dominik van Pinxteren, Jean-Eudes Petit, Olivier Favez, Hartmut Herrmann, and Alfred Wiedensohler
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 4973–4994, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-4973-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-4973-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The stability and the comparability between ACSM and collocated filter sampling and MPSS measurements was investigated in order to examine the instruments robustness for year-long measurements. Specific attention was paid to the influence of the upper size cutoff diameter to better understand how it might affect the data validation. Recommendations are provided for better on-site quality assurance and quality control of the ACSM, which would be useful for either long-term or intensive campaigns.
Khanneh Wadinga Fomba, Nabil Deabji, Sayf El Islam Barcha, Ibrahim Ouchen, El Mehdi Elbaramoussi, Rajaa Cherkaoui El Moursli, Mimoun Harnafi, Souad El Hajjaji, Abdelwahid Mellouki, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 4773–4790, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-4773-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-4773-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
As air quality monitoring networks often sample aerosol particles on quartz filters, the development and applicability of analytical methods with quartz filters are becoming important. In this study different filter preparation methods (e.g., baking, acid digestion) were investigated for quantifying trace metals on quartz and polycarbonate filters, and cloud water using the total reflection X-Ray fluorescence (TXRF) technique, with low detection limits of about 0.3 ng cm−3 for some elements.
Ahmad Jhony Rusumdar, Andreas Tilgner, Ralf Wolke, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 10351–10377, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-10351-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-10351-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In the present study, simulations with the SPACCIM-SpactMod multiphase chemistry model are performed. The investigations aim at assessing the impact of a detailed treatment of non-ideality in multiphase models dealing with aqueous aerosol chemistry. The model studies demonstrate that the inclusion of non-ideality considerably affects the multiphase chemical processing of transition metal ions, oxidants, and related chemical subsystems such as organic chemistry in aqueous aerosols.
Cited articles
Aller, J. Y., Kuznetsova, M. R., Jahns, C. J., and Kemp, P. F.: The sea
surface microlayer as a source of viral and bacterial enrichment in marine
aerosols, J. Aerosol Sci., 36, 801–812,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2004.10.012, 2005.
Antia, N. J., Harrison, P., and Oliveira, L.: The Role of Dissolved Organic
Nitrogen in Phytoplankton Nutrition, Cell Biol. Ecol., 30, 1–89,
https://doi.org/10.2216/i0031-8884-30-1-1.1, 1991.
Barbaro, E., Zangrando, R., Moret, I., Barbante, C., Cescon, P., and
Gambaro, A.: Free amino acids in atmospheric particulate matter of Venice,
Italy, Atmos. Environ., 45, 5050–5057, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.01.068, 2011.
Barbaro, E., Zangrando, R., Vecchiato, M., Piazza, R., Cairns, W. R. L., Capodaglio, G., Barbante, C., and Gambaro, A.: Free amino acids in Antarctic aerosol: potential markers for the evolution and fate of marine aerosol, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 5457–5469, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-5457-2015, 2015.
Bianco, A., Voyard, G., Deguillaume, L., Mailhot, G., and Brigante, M.:
Improving the characterization of dissolved organic carbon in cloud water:
Amino acids and their impact on the oxidant capacity, Sci. Rep., 6,
7, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep37420, 2016.
Blanchard, D. C.: Bubble Scavenging and the Water-to-Air Transfer of Organic
Material in the Sea, in: Applied Chemistry at Protein Interfaces, Advances
in Chemistry, 145, American Chemical Society, 360–387, 1975.
Bradford, M. M.: Rapid and sensitive method for quantitation of microgram
quantities of protein utilizing principle of protein-dye binding, Anal.
Biochem., 72, 248–254, https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.1976.9999, 1976.
Carpenter, L. J., Fleming, Z. L., Read, K. A., Lee, J. D., Moller, S. J.,
Hopkins, J. R., Purvis, R. M., Lewis, A. C., Muller, K., Heinold, B.,
Herrmann, H., Fomba, K. W., van Pinxteren, D., Muller, C., Tegen, I.,
Wiedensohler, A., Muller, T., Niedermeier, N., Achterberg, E. P., Patey, M.
D., Kozlova, E. A., Heimann, M., Heard, D. E., Plane, J. M. C., Mahajan, A.,
Oetjen, H., Ingham, T., Stone, D., Whalley, L. K., Evans, M. J., Pilling, M.
J., Leigh, R. J., Monks, P. S., Karunaharan, A., Vaughan, S., Arnold, S. R.,
Tschritter, J., Pohler, D., Friess, U., Holla, R., Mendes, L. M., Lopez, H.,
Faria, B., Manning, A. J., and Wallace, D. W. R.: Seasonal characteristics
of tropical marine boundary layer air measured at the Cape Verde Atmospheric
Observatory, J. Atmos. Chem., 67, 87–140, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10874-011-9206-1, 2010.
Chan, M. N., Choi, M. Y., Ng, N. L., and Chan, C. K.: Hygroscopicity of
water-soluble organic compounds in atmospheric aerosols: amino acids and
biomass burning derived organic species, Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 1555–1562,
https://doi.org/10.1021/es049584l, 2005.
Cunliffe, M., Engel, A., Frka, S., Gašparović, B., Guitart, C.,
Murrell, J. C., Salter, M., Stolle, C., Upstill-Goddard, R., and Wurl, O.:
Sea surface microlayers: A unified physicochemical and biological
perspective of the air – ocean interface, Prog. Oceanogr., 109,
104–116, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2012.08.004, 2013.
Cunliffe, M. and Wurl, O.: Guide to best practices to study the ocean's
surface, Plymouth, UK, Marine Biological Association of the United
Kingdom for SCOR, 118 pp., 2014.
Dauwe, B., Middelburg, J. J., Herman, P. M. J., and Heip, C. H. R.: Linking
diagenetic alteration of amino acids and bulk organic matter reactivity,
Limnol. Oceanogr., 44, 1809–1814, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1999.44.7.1809, 1999.
Demoz, B. B., Collett, J. L., and Daube, B. C.: On the Caltech Active Strand
Cloudwater Collectors, Atmos. Res., 41, 47–62, https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-8095(95)00044-5,
1996.
Engel, A. and Galgani, L.: The organic sea-surface microlayer in the upwelling region off the coast of Peru and potential implications for air–sea exchange processes, Biogeosciences, 13, 989–1007, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-989-2016, 2016.
Engel, A., Bange, H. W., Cunliffe, M., Burrows, S. M., Friedrichs, G.,
Galgani, L., Herrmann, H., Hertkorn, N., Johnson, M., Liss, P. S., Quinn, P.
K., Schartau, M., Soloviev, A., Stolle, C., Upstill-Goddard, R. C., van
Pinxteren, M., and Zäncker, B.: The Ocean's Vital Skin: Toward an
Integrated Understanding of the Sea Surface Microlayer, Front. Mar.
Sci., 4, 165, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00165, 2017.
Engel, A., Sperling, M., Sun, C., Grosse, J., and Friedrichs, G.: Organic
Matter in the Surface Microlayer: Insights From a Wind Wave Channel
Experiment, Front. Mar. Sci., 5, 182, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00182, 2018.
Feltracco, M., Barbaro, E., Kirchgeorg, T., Spolaor, A., Turetta, C.,
Zangrando, R., Barbante, C., and Gambaro, A.: Free and combined L- and
D-amino acids in Arctic aerosol, Chemosphere, 220, 412–421,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.147, 2019.
Fischer, M., Cox, J., Davis, D. J., Wagner, A., Taylor, R., Huerta, A. J.,
and Money, N. P.: New information on the mechanism of forcible ascospore
discharge from Ascobolus immersus, Fungal Genet. Biol., 41, 698–707,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2004.03.005, 2004.
Fomba, K. W., Müller, K., van Pinxteren, D., and Herrmann, H.: Aerosol size-resolved trace metal composition in remote northern tropical Atlantic marine environment: case study Cape Verde islands, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 4801–4814, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-4801-2013, 2013.
Fomba, K. W., Müller, K., van Pinxteren, D., Poulain, L., van Pinxteren, M., and Herrmann, H.: Long-term chemical characterization of tropical and marine aerosols at the Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory (CVAO) from 2007 to 2011, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 8883–8904, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-8883-2014, 2014.
Fomba, K. W., van Pinxteren, D., Müller, K., Iinuma, Y., Lee, T., Collett Jr., J. L., and Herrmann, H.: Trace metal characterization of aerosol particles and cloud water during HCCT 2010, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 8751–8765, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-8751-2015, 2015.
Gantt, B., Meskhidze, N., Facchini, M. C., Rinaldi, M., Ceburnis, D., and O'Dowd, C. D.: Wind speed dependent size-resolved parameterization for the organic mass fraction of sea spray aerosol, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 8777–8790, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-8777-2011, 2011.
Gioda, A., Mayol-Bracero, O. L., Morales-García, F., Collett, J.,
Decesari, S., Emblico, L., Facchini, M. C., Morales-De Jesús, R. J.,
Mertes, S., Borrmann, S., Walter, S., and Schneider, J.: Chemical
Composition of Cloud Water in the Puerto Rican Tropical Trade Wind Cumuli,
Water Air Soil Pollut., 200, 3–14, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-008-9888-4, 2009.
Gong, X., Wex, H., Voigtländer, J., Fomba, K. W., Weinhold, K., van Pinxteren, M., Henning, S., Müller, T., Herrmann, H., and Stratmann, F.: Characterization of aerosol particles at Cabo Verde close to sea level and at the cloud level – Part 1: Particle number size distribution, cloud condensation nuclei and their origins, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 1431–1449, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1431-2020, 2020.
Gutiérrez-Castillo, M. E., Olivos-Ortiz, M., De Vizcaya-Ruiz, A., and
Cebrián, M. E.: Chemical characterization of extractable water soluble
matter associated with PM10 from Mexico City during 2000, Chemosphere,
61, 701–710, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.03.063, 2005.
Hammer, K. D. and Kattner, G.: Dissolved free amino acids in the marine
environment: a carbon to nitrogen ratio shift during diatom blooms, Mar.
Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 31, 35–45, 1986.
Hecky, R. E., Mopper, K., Kilham, P., and Degens, E. T.: The amino acid and
sugar composition of diatom cell-walls, Mar. Biol., 19, 323–331,
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00348902, 1973.
Jaber, S., Joly, M., Brissy, M., Leremboure, M., Khaled, A., Ervens, B., and Delort, A.-M.: Biotic and abiotic transformation of amino acids in cloud water: Experimental studies and atmospheric implications, Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-250, in review, 2020.
Jardine, B.: Between the Beagle and the barnacle: Darwin's microscopy,
1837–1854, Stud. Hist. Philos. Sci., 40, 382–395,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsa.2009.10.007, 2009.
Jiaxian, P., Shumin, Z., Kai, X., Junyang, Z., Chuanhe, Y., Senlin, L., Wei,
Z., Yuzhen, F., Yuxiang, Y., Xinhui, B., Guohua, Z., and Qingyue, W.:
Diversity of bacteria in cloud water collected at a National Atmospheric
Monitoring Station in Southern China, Atmos. Res., 218, 176–182,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.12.004, 2019.
Kanji, Z. A., Ladino, L. A., Wex, H., Boose, Y., Burkert-Kohn, M., Cziczo,
D. J., and Krämer, M.: Overview of Ice Nucleating Particles,
Meteor. Mon., 58, 1.1–1.33, https://doi.org/10.1175/amsmonographs-d-16-0006.1,
2017.
Kristensson, A., Rosenørn, T., and Bilde, M.: Cloud Droplet Activation of
Amino Acid Aerosol Particles, J. Phys. Chem. A, 114,
379–386, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9055329, 2010.
Kuznetsova, M. and Lee, C.: Dissolved free and combined amino acids in
nearshore seawater, sea surface microlayers and foams: Influence of
extracellular hydrolysis, Aquat. Sci., 64, 252–268,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00027-002-8070-0, 2002.
Kuznetsova, M., Lee, C., Aller, J., and Frew, N.: Enrichment of amino acids
in the sea surface microlayer at coastal and open ocean sites in the North
Atlantic Ocean, Limnol. Oceanogr., 49, 1605–1619, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2004.49.5.1605,
2004.
Kuznetsova, M., Lee, C., and Aller, J.: Characterization of the
proteinaceous matter in marine aerosols, Mar. Chem., 96, 359–377,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2005.03.007, 2005.
Kyte, J. and Doolittle, R. F.: A simple method for displaying the
hydropathic character of a protein, J. Mol. Biol., 157,
105–132, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2836(82)90515-0, 1982.
Lesworth, T., Baker, A. R., and Jickells, T.: Aerosol organic nitrogen over
the remote Atlantic Ocean, Atmos. Environ., 44, 1887–1893,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.02.021, 2010.
Longhurst, A. R.: Chapter 9 – THE ATLANTIC OCEAN, in: Ecological Geography
of the Sea (Second Edition), edited by: Longhurst, A. R., Academic Press,
Burlington, 131–273, 2007.
Malfatti, F., Lee, C., Tinta, T., Pendergraft, M. A., Celussi, M., Zhou, Y.,
Sultana, C. M., Rotter, A., Axson, J. L., Collins, D. B., Santander, M. V.,
Anides Morales, A. L., Aluwihare, L. I., Riemer, N., Grassian, V. H., Azam,
F., and Prather, K. A.: Detection of Active Microbial Enzymes in Nascent Sea
Spray Aerosol: Implications for Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate,
Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett., 6, 171–177,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.8b00699, 2019.
Mandalakis, M., Apostolaki, M., Tziaras, T., Polymenakou, P., and Stephanou,
E. G.: Free and combined amino acids in marine background atmospheric
aerosols over the Eastern Mediterranean, Atmos. Environ., 45, 1003–1009,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.10.046, 2011.
Mashayekhy Rad, F., Zurita, J., Gilles, P., Rutgeerts, L. A. J., Nilsson,
U., Ilag, L. L., and Leck, C.: Measurements of Atmospheric Proteinaceous
Aerosol in the Arctic Using a Selective UHPLC/ESI-MS/MS Strategy, J. Am. Soc.
Mass. Spectrom., 30, 161–173, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13361-018-2009-8, 2019.
Matos, J. T. V., Duarte, R., and Duarte, A. C.: Challenges in the
identification and characterization of free amino acids and proteinaceous
compounds in atmospheric aerosols: A critical review, Trac-Trends Anal.
Chem., 75, 97–107, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2015.08.004, 2016.
Matsumoto, K. and Uematsu, M.: Free amino acids in marine aerosols over the
western North Pacific Ocean, Atmos. Environ., 39, 2163–2170,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.12.022, 2005.
McGregor, K. G. and Anastasio, C.: Chemistry of fog waters in California's
Central Valley: 2. Photochemical transformations of amino acids and alkyl
amines, Atmos. Environ., 35, 1091–1104, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(00)00282-X, 2001.
Milne, P. J. and Zika, R. G.: Amino acid nitrogen in atmospheric aerosols:
Occurrence, sources and photochemical modification, J. Atmos. Chem., 16,
361–398, https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01032631, 1993.
Müller, K., Lehmann, S., van Pinxteren, D., Gnauk, T., Niedermeier, N., Wiedensohler, A., and Herrmann, H.: Particle characterization at the Cape Verde atmospheric observatory during the 2007 RHaMBLe intensive, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 2709–2721, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-2709-2010, 2010.
Niedermeier, N., Held, A., Müller, T., Heinold, B., Schepanski, K., Tegen, I., Kandler, K., Ebert, M., Weinbruch, S., Read, K., Lee, J., Fomba, K. W., Müller, K., Herrmann, H., and Wiedensohler, A.: Mass deposition fluxes of Saharan mineral dust to the tropical northeast Atlantic Ocean: an intercomparison of methods, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 2245–2266, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-2245-2014, 2014.
Pandey, R., Usui, K., Livingstone, R. A., Fischer, S. A., Pfaendtner, J.,
Backus, E. H. G., Nagata, Y., Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J., Schmüser, L.,
Mauri, S., Scheel, J. F., Knopf, D. A., Pöschl, U., Bonn, M., and
Weidner, T.: Ice-nucleating bacteria control the order and dynamics of
interfacial water, Sci. Adv., 2, e1501630, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501630,
2016.
Pommié, C., Levadoux, S., Sabatier, R., Lefranc, G., and Lefranc, M.-P.:
IMGT standardized criteria for statistical analysis of immunoglobulin
V-REGION amino acid properties, J. Mol. Recognit., 17, 17–32,
https://doi.org/10.1002/jmr.647, 2004.
Pósfai, M., Li, J., Anderson, J. R., and Buseck, P. R.: Aerosol bacteria
over the Southern Ocean during ACE-1, Atmos. Res., 66, 231–240,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-8095(03)00039-5, 2003.
Quinn, P. K., Collins, D. B., Grassian, V. H., Prather, K. A., and Bates, T.
S.: Chemistry and Related Properties of Freshly Emitted Sea Spray Aerosol,
Chem. Rev., 115, 4383–4399, https://doi.org/10.1021/cr500713g, 2015.
Rastelli, E., Corinaldesi, C., Dell'Anno, A., Lo Martire, M., Greco, S.,
Cristina Facchini, M., Rinaldi, M., O'Dowd, C., Ceburnis, D., and Danovaro,
R.: Transfer of labile organic matter and microbes from the ocean surface to
the marine aerosol: an experimental approach, Sci. Rep., 7, 11475,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-10563-z, 2017.
Reinthaler, T., Sintes, E., and Herndl, G. J.: Dissolved organic matter and
bacterial production and respiration in the sea-surface microlayer of the
open Atlantic and the western Mediterranean Sea, Limnol. Oceanogr., 53,
122–136, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2008.53.1.0122, 2008.
Rinaldi, M., Fuzzi, S., Decesari, S., Marullo, S., Santoleri, R.,
Provenzale, A., von Hardenberg, J., Ceburnis, D., Vaishya, A., O'Dowd, C.
D., and Facchini, M. C.: Is chlorophyll-a the best surrogate for organic
matter enrichment in submicron primary marine aerosol?, J.
Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 118, 4964–4973, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50417, 2013.
Russell, L. M., Hawkins, L. N., Frossard, A. A., Quinn, P. K., and Bates, T.
S.: Carbohydrate-like composition of submicron atmospheric particles and
their production from ocean bubble bursting, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 107, 6652–6657, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0908905107, 2010.
Scalabrin, E., Zangrando, R., Barbaro, E., Kehrwald, N. M., Gabrieli, J., Barbante, C., and Gambaro, A.: Amino acids in Arctic aerosols, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 10453–10463, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-10453-2012, 2012.
Szyrmer, W. and Zawadzki, I.: Biogenic and anthropogenic sources of
ice-forming nuclei: A review, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 78, 209–228,
https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477(1997)078<0209:baasoi>2.0.co;2, 1997.
Triesch, N., van Pinxteren, M., Engel, A., and Herrmann, H.: Simultaneous measurements of free amino acids in seawater, size-segregated aerosol particle and cloud water samples at the Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory, PANGAEA, https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.914220 (dataset in review), 2020.
Vaïtilingom, M., Deguillaume, L., Vinatier, V., Sancelme, M., Amato,
P., Chaumerliac, N., and Delort, A.-M.: Potential impact of microbial
activity on the oxidant capacity and organic carbon budget in clouds,
P. Natl. Acad. Sci., 110, 559–564,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1205743110, 2013.
van Pinxteren, D., Bruegemann, E., Gnauk, T., Mueller, K., Thiel,
C., and Herrmann, H.: A GIS based approach to back trajectory
analysis for the source apportionment of aerosol constituents
and its first application,
J. Atmos. Chem., 67, 1,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10874-011-9199-9, 2010.
van Pinxteren, M., Muller, C., Iinuma, Y., Stolle, C., and Herrmann, H.:
Chemical Characterization of Dissolved Organic Compounds from Coastal Sea
Surface Micro layers (Baltic Sea, Germany), Environ. Sci. Technol., 46,
10455–10462, https://doi.org/10.1021/es204492b, 2012.
van Pinxteren, M., Fiedler, B., van Pinxteren, D., Iinuma, Y.,
Körtzinger, A., and Herrmann, H.: Chemical characterization of
sub-micrometer aerosol particles in the tropical Atlantic Ocean: marine and
biomass burning influences, J. Atmos. Chem., 72, 105–125,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10874-015-9307-3, 2015.
van Pinxteren, M., Barthel, S., Fomba, K. W., Muller, K., von Tumpling, W.,
and Herrmann, H.: The influence of environmental drivers on the enrichment
of organic carbon in the sea surface microlayer and in submicron aerosol
particles – measurements from the Atlantic Ocean, Elementa-Sci. Anthrop., 5,
21, https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.225, 2017.
van Pinxteren, M., Fomba, K. W., van Pinxteren, D., Triesch, N., Hoffmann,
E. H., Cree, C. H. L., Fitzsimons, M. F., von Tümpling, W., and
Herrmann, H.: Aliphatic amines at the Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory:
Abundance, origins and sea-air fluxes, Atmos. Environ., 203, 183–195,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.02.011, 2019.
van Pinxteren, M., Fomba, K. W., Triesch, N., Stolle, C., Wurl, O., Bahlmann, E., Gong, X., Voigtländer, J., Wex, H., Robinson, T.-B., Barthel, S., Zeppenfeld, S., Hoffmann, E. H., Roveretto, M., Li, C., Grosselin, B., Daële, V., Senf, F., van Pinxteren, D., Manzi, M., Zabalegui, N., Frka, S., Gašparović, B., Pereira, R., Li, T., Wen, L., Li, J., Zhu, C., Chen, H., Chen, J., Fiedler, B., von Tümpling, W., Read, K. A., Punjabi, S., Lewis, A. C., Hopkins, J. R., Carpenter, L. J., Peeken, I., Rixen, T., Schulz-Bull, D., Monge, M. E., Mellouki, A., George, C., Stratmann, F., and Herrmann, H.: Marine organic matter in the remote environment of the Cape Verde islands – an introduction and overview to the MarParCloud campaign, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 6921–6951, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-6921-2020, 2020.
Wang, X., Deane, G. B., Moore, K. A., Ryder, O. S., Stokes, M. D., Beall, C.
M., Collins, D. B., Santander, M. V., Burrows, S. M., Sultana, C. M., and
Prather, K. A.: The role of jet and film drops in controlling the mixing
state of submicron sea spray aerosol particles, P. Natl.
Acad. Sci., 114, 6978–6983, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1702420114, 2017.
Wedyan, M. A. and Preston, M. R.: The coupling of surface seawater organic
nitrogen and the marine aerosol as inferred from enantiomer-specific amino
acid analysis, Atmos. Environ., 42, 8698–8705,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.04.038, 2008.
Wilson, T. W., Ladino, L. A., Alpert, P. A., Breckels, M. N., Brooks, I. M.,
Browse, J., Burrows, S. M., Carslaw, K. S., Huffman, J. A., Judd, C.,
Kilthau, W. P., Mason, R. H., McFiggans, G., Miller, L. A., Najera, J. J.,
Polishchuk, E., Rae, S., Schiller, C. L., Si, M., Temprado, J. V., Whale, T.
F., Wong, J. P. S., Wurl, O., Yakobi-Hancock, J. D., Abbatt, J. P. D.,
Aller, J. Y., Bertram, A. K., Knopf, D. A., and Murray, B. J.: A marine
biogenic source of atmospheric ice-nucleating particles, Nature, 525,
234–238, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14986, 2015.
Wolber, P. and Warren, G.: Bacterialice-nucleation proteins, Trends
Biochem. Sci., 14, 179–182, https://doi.org/10.1016/0968-0004(89)90270-3, 1989.
Wurl, O., Ekau, W., Landing, W. M., and Zappa, C. J.: Sea surface microlayer
in a changing ocean – A perspective, Elementa-Sci. Anthrop., 5, 11,
https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.228, 2017.
Zhang, Q. and Anastasio, C.: Free and combined amino compounds in
atmospheric fine particles (PM2.5) and fog waters from Northern
California, Atmos. Environ., 37, 2247–2258, https://doi.org/10.1016/s1352-2310(03)00127-4,
2003.
Short summary
To investigate the sources of free amino acids (FAAs) in the marine atmosphere, concerted measurements (the simultaneous investigation of seawater, size-segregated aerosol particles and cloud water) were performed at the Cabo Verde islands. This study describes the transfer of FAAs as part of organic matter from the ocean into the atmosphere on a molecular level. In the investigated marine environment, a high enrichment of FAAs in submicron aerosol particles and in cloud droplets was observed.
To investigate the sources of free amino acids (FAAs) in the marine atmosphere, concerted...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint