Articles | Volume 18, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-6331-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-6331-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
04 May 2018
Research article |
| 04 May 2018
| 04 May 2018
Predicting the glass transition temperature and viscosity of secondary organic material using molecular composition
Wing-Sy Wong DeRieux
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA
92697-2025, USA
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA
92697-2025, USA
Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
47907-2084, USA
Julia Laskin
Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
47907-2084, USA
Alexander Laskin
Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
47907-2084, USA
Allan K. Bertram
Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
V6T 1Z1, Canada
Sergey A. Nizkorodov
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA
92697-2025, USA
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA
92697-2025, USA
Related authors
Mijung Song, Adrian M. Maclean, Yuanzhou Huang, Natalie R. Smith, Sandra L. Blair, Julia Laskin, Alexander Laskin, Wing-Sy Wong DeRieux, Ying Li, Manabu Shiraiwa, Sergey A. Nizkorodov, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 12515–12529, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12515-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12515-2019, 2019
Laura Marie Dahler Heinlein, Junwei He, Michael Oluwatoyin Sunday, Fangzhou Guo, James Campbell, Allison Moon, Sukriti Kapur, Ting Fang, Kasey Edwards, Meeta Cesler-Maloney, Alyssa J. Burns, Jack Dibb, William Simpson, Manabu Shiraiwa, Becky Alexander, Jingqiu Mao, James H. Flynn III, Jochen Stutz, and Cort Anastasio
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-824, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-824, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
High-latitude cities like Fairbanks, Alaska, experience severe wintertime pollution episodes. While conventional wisdom holds that oxidation is slow under these conditions, field measurements find oxidized products in particles. To explore this, we measured oxidants in aqueous extracts of winter particles from Fairbanks. We find high concentrations of oxidants during illumination, indicating that particle photochemistry can be significant even in high latitudes during winter.
Tenglong Shi, Jiayao Wang, Daizhou Zhang, Jiecan Cui, Zihang Wang, Yue Zhou, Wei Pu, Yang Bai, Zhigang Han, Meng Liu, Yanbiao Liu, Hongbin Xie, Minghui Yang, Ying Li, Meng Gao, and Xin Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-124, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-124, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for The Cryosphere (TC).
Short summary
Short summary
This study examines the properties of dust in snow in Changchun, China, using advanced technology to analyze its size, shape, and light absorption. We found that dust composition affects how much heat is absorbed by snow, with certain minerals, like hematite, making snow melt faster. Our research highlights the importance of creating clear standards for classifying dust, which could improve climate models and field observations. This work helps better understand dust's role in climate change.
Mega Octaviani, Benjamin A. Musa Bandowe, Qing Mu, Jake Wilson, Holger Tost, Hang Su, Yafang Cheng, Manabu Shiraiwa, Ulrich Pöschl, Thomas Berkemeier, and Gerhard Lammel
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-186, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-186, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for The Cryosphere (TC).
Short summary
Short summary
This research explores the atmospheric concentration of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), a harmful air pollutant linked to lung cancer. Using advanced Earth system modeling, the study examines how BaP's degradation varies with temperature and humidity, affecting its global distribution and associated lung cancer risks. The findings reveal that BaP persists longer in colder, less humid regions, leading to higher lung cancer risks in parts of Europe and Asia.
Zichen Wu, Xueshun Chen, Zifa Wang, Huansheng Chen, Zhe Wang, Qing Mu, Lin Wu, Wending Wang, Xiao Tang, Jie Li, Ying Li, Qizhong Wu, Yang Wang, Zhiyin Zou, and Zijian Jiang
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 8885–8907, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-8885-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-8885-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a model to simulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from global to regional scales. The model can reproduce PAH distribution well. The concentration of BaP (indicator species for PAHs) could exceed the target values of 1 ng m-3 over some areas (e.g., in central Europe, India, and eastern China). The change in BaP is lower than that in PM2.5 from 2013 to 2018. China still faces significant potential health risks posed by BaP although the Action Plan has been implemented.
Liviana K. Klein, Allan K. Bertram, Andreas Zuend, Florence Gregson, and Ulrich K. Krieger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13341–13359, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13341-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13341-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The viscosity of ammonium nitrate–sucrose–H2O was quantified with three methods ranging from liquid to solid state depending on the relative humidity. Moreover, the corresponding estimated internal aerosol mixing times remained below 1 h for most tropospheric conditions, making equilibrium partitioning a reasonable assumption.
Michael Oluwatoyin Sunday, Laura Marie Dahler Heinlein, Junwei He, Allison Moon, Sukriti Kapur, Ting Fang, Kasey C. Edwards, Fangzhou Guo, Jack Dibb, James H. Flynn III, Becky Alexander, Manabu Shiraiwa, and Cort Anastasio
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3272, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3272, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Hydrogen peroxide (HOOH) is an important oxidant that forms atmospheric sulfate. We demonstrate that illumination of brown carbon can rapidly form HOOH within particles, even under the low sunlight conditions of Fairbanks, Alaska during winter. This in-particle formation of HOOH is fast enough that it forms sulfate at significant rates. In contrast, the formation of HOOH in the gas phase during the campaign is expected to be negligible because of high NOx levels.
Tommaso Galeazzo, Bernard Aumont, Marie Camredon, Richard Valorso, Yong B. Lim, Paul J. Ziemann, and Manabu Shiraiwa
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5549–5565, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5549-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5549-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) derived from n-alkanes is a major component of anthropogenic particulate matter. We provide an analysis of n-alkane SOA by chemistry modeling, machine learning, and laboratory experiments, showing that n-alkane SOA adopts low-viscous semi-solid or liquid states. Our results indicate few kinetic limitations of mass accommodation in SOA formation, supporting the application of equilibrium partitioning for simulating n-alkane SOA in large-scale atmospheric models.
Zhiqiang Zhang, Ying Li, Haiyan Ran, Junling An, Yu Qu, Wei Zhou, Weiqi Xu, Weiwei Hu, Hongbin Xie, Zifa Wang, Yele Sun, and Manabu Shiraiwa
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4809–4826, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4809-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4809-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) can exist in liquid, semi-solid, or amorphous solid states, which are rarely accounted for in current chemical transport models. We predict the phase state of SOA particles over China and find that in northwestern China SOA particles are mostly highly viscous or glassy solid. Our results indicate that the particle phase state should be considered in SOA formation in chemical transport models for more accurate prediction of SOA mass concentrations.
Daniel A. Knopf, Markus Ammann, Thomas Berkemeier, Ulrich Pöschl, and Manabu Shiraiwa
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3445–3528, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3445-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3445-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The initial step of interfacial and multiphase chemical processes involves adsorption and desorption of gas species. This study demonstrates the role of desorption energy governing the residence time of the gas species at the environmental interface. A parameterization is formulated that enables the prediction of desorption energy based on the molecular weight, polarizability, and oxygen-to-carbon ratio of the desorbing chemical species. Its application to gas–particle interactions is discussed.
Feng Jiang, Kyla Siemens, Claudia Linke, Yanxia Li, Yiwei Gong, Thomas Leisner, Alexander Laskin, and Harald Saathoff
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2639–2649, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2639-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2639-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the optical properties, chemical composition, and formation mechanisms of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and brown carbon (BrC) from the oxidation of indole with and without NO2 in the Aerosol Interaction and Dynamics in the Atmosphere (AIDA) simulation chamber. This work is one of the very few to link the optical properties and chemical composition of indole SOA with and without NO2 by simulation chamber experiments.
Daniel A. Knopf, Peiwen Wang, Benny Wong, Jay M. Tomlin, Daniel P. Veghte, Nurun N. Lata, Swarup China, Alexander Laskin, Ryan C. Moffet, Josephine Y. Aller, Matthew A. Marcus, and Jian Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8659–8681, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8659-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8659-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ambient particle populations and associated ice-nucleating particles (INPs)
were examined from particle samples collected on board aircraft in the marine
boundary layer and free troposphere in the eastern North Atlantic during
summer and winter. Chemical imaging shows distinct differences in the
particle populations seasonally and with sampling altitudes, which are
reflected in the INP types. Freezing parameterizations are derived for
implementation in cloud-resolving and climate models.
Meredith Schervish and Manabu Shiraiwa
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 221–233, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-221-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-221-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) can exhibit complex non-ideal behavior and adopt an amorphous semisolid state. We simulate condensation of semi-volatile compounds into a phase-separated particle to investigate the effect of non-ideality and particle phase state on the equilibration timescale of SOA partitioning. Our results provide useful insights into the interpretation of experimental observations and the description and treatment of SOA in aerosol models.
Fabian Mahrt, Long Peng, Julia Zaks, Yuanzhou Huang, Paul E. Ohno, Natalie R. Smith, Florence K. A. Gregson, Yiming Qin, Celia L. Faiola, Scot T. Martin, Sergey A. Nizkorodov, Markus Ammann, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 13783–13796, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13783-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13783-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The number of condensed phases in mixtures of different secondary organic aerosol (SOA) types determines their impact on air quality and climate. Here we observe the number of phases in individual particles that contain mixtures of two different types of SOA. We find that SOA mixtures can form one- or two-phase particles, depending on the difference in the average oxygen-to-carbon (O / C) ratios of the two SOA types that are internally mixed within individual particles.
Kristian J. Kiland, Kevin L. Marroquin, Natalie R. Smith, Shaun Xu, Sergey A. Nizkorodov, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 5545–5561, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-5545-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-5545-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Information on the viscosity of secondary organic aerosols is needed when making air quality, climate, and atmospheric chemistry predictions. Viscosity depends on temperature, so we developed a new method for measuring the temperature-dependent viscosity of small samples. As an application of the method, we measured the viscosity of farnesene secondary organic aerosol at different temperatures.
Alexandra L. Klodt, Marley Adamek, Monica Dibley, Sergey A. Nizkorodov, and Rachel E. O'Brien
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 10155–10171, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10155-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10155-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated photochemistry of a secondary organic aerosol under three different conditions: in a dilute aqueous solution mimicking cloud droplets, in a solution of concentrated ammonium sulfate mimicking deliquesced aerosol, and in an organic matrix mimicking dry organic aerosol. We find that rate and mechanisms of photochemistry depend sensitively on these conditions, suggesting that the same organic aerosol compounds will degrade at different rates depending on their local environment.
Daniel A. Knopf, Joseph C. Charnawskas, Peiwen Wang, Benny Wong, Jay M. Tomlin, Kevin A. Jankowski, Matthew Fraund, Daniel P. Veghte, Swarup China, Alexander Laskin, Ryan C. Moffet, Mary K. Gilles, Josephine Y. Aller, Matthew A. Marcus, Shira Raveh-Rubin, and Jian Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5377–5398, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5377-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5377-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Marine boundary layer aerosols collected in the remote region of the eastern North Atlantic induce immersion freezing and deposition ice nucleation under typical mixed-phase and cirrus cloud conditions. Corresponding ice nucleation parameterizations for model applications have been derived. Chemical imaging of ambient aerosol and ice-nucleating particles demonstrates that the latter is dominated by sea salt and organics while also representing a major particle type in the particle population.
Jay M. Tomlin, Kevin A. Jankowski, Daniel P. Veghte, Swarup China, Peiwen Wang, Matthew Fraund, Johannes Weis, Guangjie Zheng, Yang Wang, Felipe Rivera-Adorno, Shira Raveh-Rubin, Daniel A. Knopf, Jian Wang, Mary K. Gilles, Ryan C. Moffet, and Alexander Laskin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 18123–18146, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-18123-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-18123-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Analysis of individual atmospheric particles shows that aerosol transported from North America during meteorological dry intrusion episodes may have a substantial impact on the mixing state and particle-type population over the mid-Atlantic, as organic contribution and particle-type diversity are significantly enhanced during these periods. These observations need to be considered in current atmospheric models.
Soleil E. Worthy, Anand Kumar, Yu Xi, Jingwei Yun, Jessie Chen, Cuishan Xu, Victoria E. Irish, Pierre Amato, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 14631–14648, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14631-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14631-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the effect of (NH4)2SO4 on the immersion freezing of non-mineral dust ice-nucleating substances (INSs) and mineral dusts. (NH4)2SO4 had no effect on the median freezing temperature of 9 of the 10 tested non-mineral dust INSs, slightly decreased that of the other, and increased that of all the mineral dusts. The difference in the response of mineral dust and non-mineral dust INSs to (NH4)2SO4 suggests that they nucleate ice and/or interact with (NH4)2SO4 via different mechanisms.
Robert Wagner, Luisa Ickes, Allan K. Bertram, Nora Els, Elena Gorokhova, Ottmar Möhler, Benjamin J. Murray, Nsikanabasi Silas Umo, and Matthew E. Salter
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 13903–13930, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13903-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13903-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Sea spray aerosol particles are a mixture of inorganic salts and organic matter from phytoplankton organisms. At low temperatures in the upper troposphere, both inorganic and organic constituents can induce the formation of ice crystals and thereby impact cloud properties and climate. In this study, we performed experiments in a cloud simulation chamber with particles produced from Arctic seawater samples to quantify the relative contribution of inorganic and organic species in ice formation.
Qiaorong Xie, Sihui Su, Jing Chen, Yuqing Dai, Siyao Yue, Hang Su, Haijie Tong, Wanyu Zhao, Lujie Ren, Yisheng Xu, Dong Cao, Ying Li, Yele Sun, Zifa Wang, Cong-Qiang Liu, Kimitaka Kawamura, Guibin Jiang, Yafang Cheng, and Pingqing Fu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 11453–11465, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11453-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11453-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigated the role of nighttime chemistry during Chinese New Year's Eve that enhances the formation of nitrooxy organosulfates in the aerosol phase. Results show that anthropogenic precursors, together with biogenic ones, considerably contribute to the formation of low-volatility nitrooxy OSs. Our study provides detailed molecular composition of firework-related aerosols, which gives new insights into the physicochemical properties and potential health effects of urban aerosols.
Yang Wang, Guangjie Zheng, Michael P. Jensen, Daniel A. Knopf, Alexander Laskin, Alyssa A. Matthews, David Mechem, Fan Mei, Ryan Moffet, Arthur J. Sedlacek, John E. Shilling, Stephen Springston, Amy Sullivan, Jason Tomlinson, Daniel Veghte, Rodney Weber, Robert Wood, Maria A. Zawadowicz, and Jian Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 11079–11098, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11079-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11079-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This paper reports the vertical profiles of trace gas and aerosol properties over the eastern North Atlantic, a region of persistent but diverse subtropical marine boundary layer (MBL) clouds. We examined the key processes that drive the cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) population and how it varies with season and synoptic conditions. This study helps improve the model representation of the aerosol processes in the remote MBL, reducing the simulated aerosol indirect effects.
Haijie Tong, Fobang Liu, Alexander Filippi, Jake Wilson, Andrea M. Arangio, Yun Zhang, Siyao Yue, Steven Lelieveld, Fangxia Shen, Helmi-Marja K. Keskinen, Jing Li, Haoxuan Chen, Ting Zhang, Thorsten Hoffmann, Pingqing Fu, William H. Brune, Tuukka Petäjä, Markku Kulmala, Maosheng Yao, Thomas Berkemeier, Manabu Shiraiwa, and Ulrich Pöschl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 10439–10455, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10439-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10439-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We measured radical yields of aqueous PM2.5 extracts and found lower yields at higher concentrations of PM2.5. Abundances of water-soluble transition metals and aromatics in PM2.5 were positively correlated with the relative fraction of •OH but negatively correlated with the relative fraction of C-centered radicals among detected radicals. Composition-dependent reactive species yields may explain differences in the reactivity and health effects of PM2.5 in clean versus polluted air.
Tommaso Galeazzo, Richard Valorso, Ying Li, Marie Camredon, Bernard Aumont, and Manabu Shiraiwa
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 10199–10213, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10199-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10199-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We simulate SOA viscosity with explicit modeling of gas-phase oxidation of isoprene and α-pinene. While the viscosity dependence on relative humidity and mass loadings is captured well by simulations, the model underestimates measured viscosity, indicating missing processes. Kinetic limitations and reduction in mass accommodation may cause an increase in viscosity. The developed model is powerful for investigation of the interplay among gas reactions, chemical composition and phase state.
Yue Zhou, Christopher P. West, Anusha P. S. Hettiyadura, Xiaoying Niu, Hui Wen, Jiecan Cui, Tenglong Shi, Wei Pu, Xin Wang, and Alexander Laskin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 8531–8555, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8531-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8531-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present a comprehensive characterization of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in seasonal snow of northwestern China. We applied complementary multimodal analytical techniques to investigate bulk and molecular-level composition, optical properties, and sources of WSOC. For the first time, we estimated the extent of radiative forcing due to WSOC in snow using a model simulation and showed the profound influences of WSOC on the energy budget of midlatitude seasonal snowpack.
Jake Wilson, Ulrich Pöschl, Manabu Shiraiwa, and Thomas Berkemeier
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 6175–6198, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6175-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6175-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This work explores the gas–particle partitioning of PAHs on soot with a kinetic model. We show that the equilibration timescale depends on PAH molecular structure, temperature, and particle number concentration. We explore scenarios in which the particulate fraction is perturbed from equilibrium by chemical loss and discuss implications for chemical transport models that assume instantaneous equilibration at each model time step.
Weiqi Xu, Chun Chen, Yanmei Qiu, Ying Li, Zhiqiang Zhang, Eleni Karnezi, Spyros N. Pandis, Conghui Xie, Zhijie Li, Jiaxing Sun, Nan Ma, Wanyun Xu, Pingqing Fu, Zifa Wang, Jiang Zhu, Douglas R. Worsnop, Nga Lee Ng, and Yele Sun
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 5463–5476, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5463-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5463-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Here aerosol volatility and viscosity at a rural site (Gucheng) and an urban site (Beijing) in the North China Plain (NCP) were investigated in summer and winter. Our results showed that organic aerosol (OA) in winter in the NCP is more volatile than that in summer due to enhanced primary emissions from coal combustion and biomass burning. We also found that OA existed mainly as a solid in winter in Beijing but as semisolids in Beijing in summer and Gucheng in winter.
Fernanda Córdoba, Carolina Ramírez-Romero, Diego Cabrera, Graciela B. Raga, Javier Miranda, Harry Alvarez-Ospina, Daniel Rosas, Bernardo Figueroa, Jong Sung Kim, Jacqueline Yakobi-Hancock, Talib Amador, Wilfrido Gutierrez, Manuel García, Allan K. Bertram, Darrel Baumgardner, and Luis A. Ladino
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 4453–4470, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4453-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4453-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Most precipitation from deep clouds over the continents and in the intertropical convergence zone is strongly influenced by the presence of ice crystals whose formation requires the presence of aerosol particles. In the present study, the ability of three different aerosol types (i.e., marine aerosol, biomass burning, and African dust) to facilitate ice particle formation was assessed in the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico.
Demetrios Pagonis, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Hongyu Guo, Douglas A. Day, Melinda K. Schueneman, Wyatt L. Brown, Benjamin A. Nault, Harald Stark, Kyla Siemens, Alex Laskin, Felix Piel, Laura Tomsche, Armin Wisthaler, Matthew M. Coggon, Georgios I. Gkatzelis, Hannah S. Halliday, Jordan E. Krechmer, Richard H. Moore, David S. Thomson, Carsten Warneke, Elizabeth B. Wiggins, and Jose L. Jimenez
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 1545–1559, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-1545-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-1545-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We describe the airborne deployment of an extractive electrospray time-of-flight mass spectrometer (EESI-MS). The instrument provides a quantitative 1 Hz measurement of the chemical composition of organic aerosol up to altitudes of
7 km, with single-compound detection limits as low as 50 ng per standard cubic meter.
Manabu Shiraiwa and Ulrich Pöschl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 1565–1580, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1565-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1565-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Mass accommodation is a crucial process in secondary organic aerosol partitioning that depends on volatility, diffusivity, reactivity, and particle penetration depth of the chemical species involved. For efficient kinetic modeling, we introduce an effective mass accommodation coefficient that accounts for the above influencing factors, can be applied in the common Fuchs–Sutugin approximation, and helps to resolve inconsistencies and shortcomings of earlier experimental and model investigations.
Sabin Kasparoglu, Ying Li, Manabu Shiraiwa, and Markus D. Petters
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 1127–1141, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1127-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1127-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Viscosity is important because it determines the lifetime, impact, and fate of particulate matter. We collected new data to rigorously test a framework that is used to constrain the phase state in global simulations. We find that the framework is accurate as long as appropriate compound specific inputs are available.
Ana C. Morales, Thilina Jayarathne, Jonathan H. Slade, Alexander Laskin, and Paul B. Shepson
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 129–145, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-129-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-129-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Organic nitrates formed from the oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds impact both ozone and particulate matter as they remove nitrogen oxides, but they represent important aerosol precursors. We conducted a series of reaction chamber experiments that quantified the total organic nitrate and secondary organic aerosol yield from the OH-radical-initiated oxidation of ocimene, and also measured their hydrolysis lifetimes in the aqueous phase, as a function of pH.
Matthew Fraund, Daniel J. Bonanno, Swarup China, Don Q. Pham, Daniel Veghte, Johannes Weis, Gourihar Kulkarni, Ken Teske, Mary K. Gilles, Alexander Laskin, and Ryan C. Moffet
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 11593–11606, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11593-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11593-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
High viscosity organic particles (HVOPs) in the Southern Great Plains have been analyzed, and two particle types were found. Previously studied tar balls and the recently discovered airborne soil organic particles (ASOPs) are both shown to be brown carbon (BrC). These particle types can be identified in bulk by an absorption Ångström exponent approaching 2.6. HVOP types can be differentiated by comparing carbon absorption spectrum peak ratios between the carboxylic acid, alcohol, and sp2 peaks.
Young-Chul Song, Ariana G. Bé, Scot T. Martin, Franz M. Geiger, Allan K. Bertram, Regan J. Thomson, and Mijung Song
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 11263–11273, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11263-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11263-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We report the liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) of organic aerosol consisting of α-pinene- and β-caryophyllene-derived ozonolysis products and commercial organic compounds. As compositional complexity increased from one to two organic species, LLPS occurred over a wider range of average O : C values (increasing from 0.44 to 0.67). These results provide further evidence that LLPS is likely frequent in organic aerosol particles in the troposphere, even in the absence of inorganic salt.
Luisa Ickes, Grace C. E. Porter, Robert Wagner, Michael P. Adams, Sascha Bierbauer, Allan K. Bertram, Merete Bilde, Sigurd Christiansen, Annica M. L. Ekman, Elena Gorokhova, Kristina Höhler, Alexei A. Kiselev, Caroline Leck, Ottmar Möhler, Benjamin J. Murray, Thea Schiebel, Romy Ullrich, and Matthew E. Salter
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 11089–11117, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11089-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11089-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Arctic is a region where aerosols are scarce. Sea spray might be a potential source of aerosols acting as ice-nucleating particles. We investigate two common phytoplankton species (Melosira arctica and Skeletonema marinoi) and present their ice nucleation activity in comparison with Arctic seawater microlayer samples from different field campaigns. We also aim to understand the aerosolization process of marine biological samples and the potential effect on the ice nucleation activity.
W. Richard Leaitch, John K. Kodros, Megan D. Willis, Sarah Hanna, Hannes Schulz, Elisabeth Andrews, Heiko Bozem, Julia Burkart, Peter Hoor, Felicia Kolonjari, John A. Ogren, Sangeeta Sharma, Meng Si, Knut von Salzen, Allan K. Bertram, Andreas Herber, Jonathan P. D. Abbatt, and Jeffrey R. Pierce
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 10545–10563, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-10545-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-10545-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Black carbon is a factor in the warming of the Arctic atmosphere due to its ability to absorb light, but the uncertainty is high and few observations have been made in the high Arctic above 80° N. We combine airborne and ground-based observations in the springtime Arctic, at and above 80° N, with simulations from a global model to show that light absorption by black carbon may be much larger than modelled. However, the uncertainty remains high.
Ying Li, Douglas A. Day, Harald Stark, Jose L. Jimenez, and Manabu Shiraiwa
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 8103–8122, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-8103-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-8103-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Viscosity is an important property of organic aerosols, but viscosity measurements of ambient organic aerosols are scarce. We developed a method to predict glass transition temperatures using volatility and the atomic oxygen-to-carbon ratio. The method was applied to field observations of volatility distributions to predict viscosity of ambient organic aerosols, yielding consistent results with ambient particle phase-state measurements and global simulations.
Arttu Ylisirniö, Angela Buchholz, Claudia Mohr, Zijun Li, Luis Barreira, Andrew Lambe, Celia Faiola, Eetu Kari, Taina Yli-Juuti, Sergey A. Nizkorodov, Douglas R. Worsnop, Annele Virtanen, and Siegfried Schobesberger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 5629–5644, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5629-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5629-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the chemical composition and volatility of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) particles formed from emissions of Scots pines and compared those results to SOA formed from α-pinene and from a sesquiterpene mixture. We found that SOA formed from single precursors cannot capture the properties of SOA formed from real plant emissions.
Lauren T. Fleming, Peng Lin, James M. Roberts, Vanessa Selimovic, Robert Yokelson, Julia Laskin, Alexander Laskin, and Sergey A. Nizkorodov
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 1105–1129, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1105-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1105-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We have explored the nature and stability of molecules that give biomass burning smoke its faint brown color. Different types of biomass fuels were burned and the resulting smoke was collected for a detailed chemical analysis. We found that brown molecules in smoke become less colored when they are irradiated by sunlight, but this photobleaching process is very slow. This means that biomass burning smoke will remain brown-colored for a long time and efficiently warm up the atmosphere.
Mijung Song, Adrian M. Maclean, Yuanzhou Huang, Natalie R. Smith, Sandra L. Blair, Julia Laskin, Alexander Laskin, Wing-Sy Wong DeRieux, Ying Li, Manabu Shiraiwa, Sergey A. Nizkorodov, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 12515–12529, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12515-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12515-2019, 2019
Valentin Duflot, Pierre Tulet, Olivier Flores, Christelle Barthe, Aurélie Colomb, Laurent Deguillaume, Mickael Vaïtilingom, Anne Perring, Alex Huffman, Mark T. Hernandez, Karine Sellegri, Ellis Robinson, David J. O'Connor, Odessa M. Gomez, Frédéric Burnet, Thierry Bourrianne, Dominique Strasberg, Manon Rocco, Allan K. Bertram, Patrick Chazette, Julien Totems, Jacques Fournel, Pierre Stamenoff, Jean-Marc Metzger, Mathilde Chabasset, Clothilde Rousseau, Eric Bourrianne, Martine Sancelme, Anne-Marie Delort, Rachel E. Wegener, Cedric Chou, and Pablo Elizondo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 10591–10618, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10591-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10591-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The Forests gAses aeRosols Clouds Exploratory (FARCE) campaign was conducted in March–April 2015 on the tropical island of La Réunion. For the first time, several scientific teams from different disciplines collaborated to provide reference measurements and characterization of La Réunion vegetation, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), biogenic VOCs (BVOCs), (bio)aerosols and composition of clouds, with a strong focus on the Maïdo mount slope area.
Weiqi Xu, Conghui Xie, Eleni Karnezi, Qi Zhang, Junfeng Wang, Spyros N. Pandis, Xinlei Ge, Jingwei Zhang, Junling An, Qingqing Wang, Jian Zhao, Wei Du, Yanmei Qiu, Wei Zhou, Yao He, Ying Li, Jie Li, Pingqing Fu, Zifa Wang, Douglas R. Worsnop, and Yele Sun
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 10205–10216, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10205-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10205-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We present the first aerosol volatility measurements in Beijing in summer using a thermodenuder coupled with aerosol mass spectrometers. Our results showed that organic aerosol (OA) comprised mainly semi-volatile organic compounds in summer, and the freshly oxidized secondary OA was the most volatile component. We also found quite different volatility distributions in black-carbon-containing primary and secondary OA, ambient OA, ambient secondary OA and the WRF-Chem model.
Erin Evoy, Adrian M. Maclean, Grazia Rovelli, Ying Li, Alexandra P. Tsimpidi, Vlassis A. Karydis, Saeid Kamal, Jos Lelieveld, Manabu Shiraiwa, Jonathan P. Reid, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 10073–10085, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10073-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10073-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We measured the diffusion rates of organic molecules in a number of proxies for secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and compared measured diffusion with predictions from two relations: the Stokes–Einstein relation and a fractional Stokes–Einstein relation. The fractional relation does a better job of predicting diffusion rates in this case. Output from an atmospheric model shows that mixing times predicted using the two relations differ by up to 1 order of magnitude at an altitude of ~ 3 km.
Olli-Pekka Tikkanen, Väinö Hämäläinen, Grazia Rovelli, Antti Lipponen, Manabu Shiraiwa, Jonathan P. Reid, Kari E. J. Lehtinen, and Taina Yli-Juuti
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 9333–9350, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-9333-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-9333-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We assessed how well the organic aerosol particle composition and viscosity can be captured by optimizing process models to match particle evaporation data. We performed the analysis for both artificial and real evaporation data and tested two optimization algorithms. Our findings show that the optimization method yields a good estimate for the studied properties. The timescale of the evaporation data and particle size was found to be important in identifying the volatility of organic compounds.
Victoria E. Irish, Sarah J. Hanna, Yu Xi, Matthew Boyer, Elena Polishchuk, Mohamed Ahmed, Jessie Chen, Jonathan P. D. Abbatt, Michel Gosselin, Rachel Chang, Lisa A. Miller, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 7775–7787, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7775-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7775-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The ocean is a source of atmospheric ice-nucleating particles (INPs). In this study we compared INPs measured in microlayer and bulk seawater in the Canadian Arctic in 2016 to those measured in 2014. A strong negative correlation between salinity and freezing temperatures was observed, possibly due to INPs associated with melting sea ice. In addition, although spatial patterns of INPs and salinities were similar in 2014 and 2016, the concentrations of INPs were on average higher in 2016.
Brigitte Rooney, Ran Zhao, Yuan Wang, Kelvin H. Bates, Ajay Pillarisetti, Sumit Sharma, Seema Kundu, Tami C. Bond, Nicholas L. Lam, Bora Ozaltun, Li Xu, Varun Goel, Lauren T. Fleming, Robert Weltman, Simone Meinardi, Donald R. Blake, Sergey A. Nizkorodov, Rufus D. Edwards, Ankit Yadav, Narendra K. Arora, Kirk R. Smith, and John H. Seinfeld
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 7719–7742, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7719-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7719-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Approximately 3 billion people worldwide cook with solid fuels, such as wood, charcoal, and agricultural residues, that are often combusted in inefficient cookstoves. Here, we simulate the distribution of the two major health-damaging outdoor pollution species (PM2.5 and O3) using state-of-the-science emissions databases and atmospheric chemical transport models to estimate the impact of household combustion on ambient air quality in India.
Luis A. Ladino, Graciela B. Raga, Harry Alvarez-Ospina, Manuel A. Andino-Enríquez, Irma Rosas, Leticia Martínez, Eva Salinas, Javier Miranda, Zyanya Ramírez-Díaz, Bernardo Figueroa, Cedric Chou, Allan K. Bertram, Erika T. Quintana, Luis A. Maldonado, Agustín García-Reynoso, Meng Si, and Victoria E. Irish
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 6147–6165, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-6147-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-6147-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents results obtained during a field campaign conducted in the tropical village of Sisal located on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico. Air masses arriving in Sisal during the passage of cold fronts have surprisingly higher ice-nucleating particle (INP) concentrations than the campaign average. The high concentrations of INPs at T > −15 C and the supermicron size of the INPs suggest that biological particles may have been a significant contributor to the INP population in Sisal.
Ying Li and Manabu Shiraiwa
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 5959–5971, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-5959-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-5959-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Timescales for secondary organic aerosols (SOA) to reach equilibrium were estimated under various temperatures and relative humidities. Equilibration timescales in free troposphere can be longer than hours or days, even at moderate or relatively high relative humidities. These results provide critical insights into thermodynamic or kinetic treatments of SOA partitioning for accurate predictions of gas- and particle-phase concentrations of semi-volatile compounds in chemical transport models.
Angela Buchholz, Andrew T. Lambe, Arttu Ylisirniö, Zijun Li, Olli-Pekka Tikkanen, Celia Faiola, Eetu Kari, Liqing Hao, Olli Luoma, Wei Huang, Claudia Mohr, Douglas R. Worsnop, Sergey A. Nizkorodov, Taina Yli-Juuti, Siegfried Schobesberger, and Annele Virtanen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 4061–4073, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-4061-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-4061-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the evaporation of α-pinene secondary organic aerosol particles in clean air to derive their volatility from the observed size changes. We found that the particles became more resilient to evaporation with increased oxidative age, possibly increasing their lifetime in the atmosphere. Also, increased relative humidity increased the particle evaporation. Mass spectrometry measurements of the particles at different stages of evaporation revealed some water-induced composition changes.
Meng Si, Erin Evoy, Jingwei Yun, Yu Xi, Sarah J. Hanna, Alina Chivulescu, Kevin Rawlings, Daniel Veber, Andrew Platt, Daniel Kunkel, Peter Hoor, Sangeeta Sharma, W. Richard Leaitch, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 3007–3024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-3007-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-3007-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the importance of mineral dust, sea spray aerosol, and anthropogenic aerosol to the ice-nucleating particle (INP) population in the Canadian Arctic during spring 2016. The results suggest that mineral dust transported from the Gobi Desert was a major source of the INP population studied, and that sea spray aerosol decreased the ice-nucleating ability of mineral dust. The results should be useful for testing and improving models used to predict INPs and climate in the Arctic.
Jonathan P. D. Abbatt, W. Richard Leaitch, Amir A. Aliabadi, Allan K. Bertram, Jean-Pierre Blanchet, Aude Boivin-Rioux, Heiko Bozem, Julia Burkart, Rachel Y. W. Chang, Joannie Charette, Jai P. Chaubey, Robert J. Christensen, Ana Cirisan, Douglas B. Collins, Betty Croft, Joelle Dionne, Greg J. Evans, Christopher G. Fletcher, Martí Galí, Roya Ghahreman, Eric Girard, Wanmin Gong, Michel Gosselin, Margaux Gourdal, Sarah J. Hanna, Hakase Hayashida, Andreas B. Herber, Sareh Hesaraki, Peter Hoor, Lin Huang, Rachel Hussherr, Victoria E. Irish, Setigui A. Keita, John K. Kodros, Franziska Köllner, Felicia Kolonjari, Daniel Kunkel, Luis A. Ladino, Kathy Law, Maurice Levasseur, Quentin Libois, John Liggio, Martine Lizotte, Katrina M. Macdonald, Rashed Mahmood, Randall V. Martin, Ryan H. Mason, Lisa A. Miller, Alexander Moravek, Eric Mortenson, Emma L. Mungall, Jennifer G. Murphy, Maryam Namazi, Ann-Lise Norman, Norman T. O'Neill, Jeffrey R. Pierce, Lynn M. Russell, Johannes Schneider, Hannes Schulz, Sangeeta Sharma, Meng Si, Ralf M. Staebler, Nadja S. Steiner, Jennie L. Thomas, Knut von Salzen, Jeremy J. B. Wentzell, Megan D. Willis, Gregory R. Wentworth, Jun-Wei Xu, and Jacqueline D. Yakobi-Hancock
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 2527–2560, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-2527-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-2527-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The Arctic is experiencing considerable environmental change with climate warming, illustrated by the dramatic decrease in sea-ice extent. It is important to understand both the natural and perturbed Arctic systems to gain a better understanding of how they will change in the future. This paper summarizes new insights into the relationships between Arctic aerosol particles and climate, as learned over the past five or so years by a large Canadian research consortium, NETCARE.
Dagny A. Ullmann, Mallory L. Hinks, Adrian M. Maclean, Christopher L. Butenhoff, James W. Grayson, Kelley Barsanti, Jose L. Jimenez, Sergey A. Nizkorodov, Saeid Kamal, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 1491–1503, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1491-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1491-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We measured the viscosity and diffusion of organic molecules in secondary organic aerosol (SOA) generated from the ozonolysis of limonene. The results suggest that the mixing times of large organics in the SOA studied are short (< 1 h) for conditions found in the planetary boundary layer. The results also show that the Stokes–Einstein equation gives accurate predictions of diffusion coefficients of large organics within the studied SOA up to a viscosity of 102 to 104 Pa s.
Zhijian Li, Sergey A. Nizkorodov, Hong Chen, Xiaohui Lu, Xin Yang, and Jianmin Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 1343–1356, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1343-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1343-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we found that acrolein, the smallest α,β-unsaturated aldehyde, has the potential to form light-absorbing heterocyclic secondary organic aerosol. In the gaseous phase, acrolein can react with gaseous ammonia, forming 3-picoline. In the liquid phase, the dissolved acrolein can react with ammonium to form higher molecular-weight pyridinium compounds. All the pyridinium compounds can increase the light absorptivity of aerosol particles.
Victoria E. Irish, Sarah J. Hanna, Megan D. Willis, Swarup China, Jennie L. Thomas, Jeremy J. B. Wentzell, Ana Cirisan, Meng Si, W. Richard Leaitch, Jennifer G. Murphy, Jonathan P. D. Abbatt, Alexander Laskin, Eric Girard, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 1027–1039, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1027-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1027-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Ice nucleating particles (INPs) are atmospheric particles that catalyse the formation of ice crystals in clouds. INPs influence the Earth's radiative balance and hydrological cycle. In this study we measured the concentrations of INPs in the Canadian Arctic marine boundary layer. Average INP concentrations fell within the range measured in other marine boundary layer locations. We also found that mineral dust is a more important contributor to the INP population than sea spray aerosol.
Chunlin Li, Quanfu He, Julian Schade, Johannes Passig, Ralf Zimmermann, Daphne Meidan, Alexander Laskin, and Yinon Rudich
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 139–163, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-139-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-139-2019, 2019
Meng Si, Victoria E. Irish, Ryan H. Mason, Jesús Vergara-Temprado, Sarah J. Hanna, Luis A. Ladino, Jacqueline D. Yakobi-Hancock, Corinne L. Schiller, Jeremy J. B. Wentzell, Jonathan P. D. Abbatt, Ken S. Carslaw, Benjamin J. Murray, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 15669–15685, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-15669-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-15669-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Using the concentrations of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) and total aerosol particles measured at three coastal marine sites, the ice-nucleating ability of aerosol particles on a per number basis and a per surface-area basis were determined as a function of size. The ice-nucleating ability was strongly dependent on size, with larger particles being more efficient. This type of information can help determine the sources of INPs and constrain the future modelling of INPs and mixed-phase clouds.
Lauren T. Fleming, Robert Weltman, Ankit Yadav, Rufus D. Edwards, Narendra K. Arora, Ajay Pillarisetti, Simone Meinardi, Kirk R. Smith, Donald R. Blake, and Sergey A. Nizkorodov
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 15169–15182, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-15169-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-15169-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Brushwood- and dung-burning cookstoves are used for cooking and heating and influence ambient air quality for millions of people. We report emission factors from the more efficient cookstove, the chulha, compared to the smoldering angithi, for carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and 76 volatile organic compounds. This comprehensive gas emission inventory should inform policy makers about the magnitude of the effect of cookstoves on the air quality in India.
Amy L. Bondy, Daniel Bonanno, Ryan C. Moffet, Bingbing Wang, Alexander Laskin, and Andrew P. Ault
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 12595–12612, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-12595-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-12595-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
To determine important sources of aerosols during the Southern Oxidant and Aerosol Study (SOAS), as well as their mixing with secondary species, individual particles were analyzed with electron and X-ray microscopy to determine size and chemical composition. Secondary organic aerosol, sea spray aerosol, and mineral dust each dominated during different periods. Particles were less similar chemically to each other than is commonly assumed, which is important for air quality and climate models.
Mijung Song, Suhan Ham, Ryan J. Andrews, Yuan You, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 12075–12084, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-12075-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-12075-2018, 2018
Yangxi Chu, Erin Evoy, Saeid Kamal, Young Chul Song, Jonathan P. Reid, Chak K. Chan, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 11, 4809–4822, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-4809-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-4809-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The viscosity of erythritol, a tetrol found in aerosol particles, is highly uncertain. To help resolve this uncertainty, we measured the viscosities of
erythritol–water particles using rectangular-area fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and aerosol optical tweezers techniques. These results
should help improve the understanding of the viscosity of secondary organic aerosol particles. In addition, we present an intercomparison of techniques
for measuring the viscosity of particles.
John K. Kodros, Sarah J. Hanna, Allan K. Bertram, W. Richard Leaitch, Hannes Schulz, Andreas B. Herber, Marco Zanatta, Julia Burkart, Megan D. Willis, Jonathan P. D. Abbatt, and Jeffrey R. Pierce
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 11345–11361, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11345-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11345-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The mixing state of black carbon is one of the key uncertainties limiting the ability of models to estimate the direct radiative effect. In this work, we present aircraft measurements from the Canadian Arctic of coating thickness as a function of black carbon core diameter and black-carbon-containing particle number fractions. We use these measurements to inform estimates of the direct radiative effect in Arctic aerosol simulations.
Rachel M. Kirpes, Amy L. Bondy, Daniel Bonanno, Ryan C. Moffet, Bingbing Wang, Alexander Laskin, Andrew P. Ault, and Kerri A. Pratt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 3937–3949, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-3937-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-3937-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic atmospheric particles have important climate impacts via cloud formation and precipitation, particularly in the wintertime. We show that sulfate, formed during atmospheric transport, is within individual sea spray particles and organic particles measured in the Alaskan Arctic. Greater contributions of combustion emissions were observed when the wind direction came from the Prudhoe Bay oil fields, showing its regional influence.
Shupeng Zhu, Jeremy R. Horne, Julia Montoya-Aguilera, Mallory L. Hinks, Sergey A. Nizkorodov, and Donald Dabdub
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 3641–3657, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-3641-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-3641-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
For the first time, the interaction between ammonia and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is integrated in an air quality model and investigated on a national scale. Our original analysis from simulation results indicates that a significant reduction in gas-phase ammonia is possible due to its uptake onto SOA. Significant impact is also observed in the concentration of particulate matter, with a distinct spatial pattern over different seasons.
Lauren T. Fleming, Peng Lin, Alexander Laskin, Julia Laskin, Robert Weltman, Rufus D. Edwards, Narendra K. Arora, Ankit Yadav, Simone Meinardi, Donald R. Blake, Ajay Pillarisetti, Kirk R. Smith, and Sergey A. Nizkorodov
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 2461–2480, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-2461-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-2461-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Household cooking emissions in India, which rely on traditional meal preparation with dung- and brushwood-fueled cookstoves, produce copious amounts of particulate matter. Detailed chemical analysis of the compounds found in this particulate matter detected a large number of previously unidentified nitrogen-containing organic compounds, originating from dung-fueled cookstoves.
Mallory L. Hinks, Julia Montoya-Aguilera, Lucas Ellison, Peng Lin, Alexander Laskin, Julia Laskin, Manabu Shiraiwa, Donald Dabdub, and Sergey A. Nizkorodov
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 1643–1652, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-1643-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-1643-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We have observed a strong effect of relative humidity on the composition of particulate matter produced from the oxidation of toluene in clean air. At higher relative humidity, there was a significant reduction in the fraction of high-molecular-weight compounds present in the particles. The amount of particulate matter also decreased at higher relative humidity. The main implication of this study is that water vapor participates in the photooxidation of toluene in a complicated way.
Sangeeta Sharma, W. Richard Leaitch, Lin Huang, Daniel Veber, Felicia Kolonjari, Wendy Zhang, Sarah J. Hanna, Allan K. Bertram, and John A. Ogren
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 15225–15243, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-15225-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-15225-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
A new and unique data set on BC properties at the highest latitude observatory in the world, at Alert, Canada, evaluates three techniques for estimating black carbon (BC) and gives seasonal best estimates of the BC mass concentrations and BC mass absorption coefficients (MAC) for 2.5 years of data. As a short-lived climate forcer, better estimates of the properties of BC are necessary to ensure accurate modelling of aerosol climate forcing of the Arctic atmosphere for mitigation purposes.
Ryan D. Cook, Ying-Hsuan Lin, Zhuoyu Peng, Eric Boone, Rosalie K. Chu, James E. Dukett, Matthew J. Gunsch, Wuliang Zhang, Nikola Tolic, Alexander Laskin, and Kerri A. Pratt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 15167–15180, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-15167-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-15167-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Reactions occur within water in both atmospheric particles and cloud droplets, yet little is known about the organic compounds in cloud water. In this work, cloud water samples were collected at Whiteface Mountain, New York, and analyzed using ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry to investigate the molecular composition of the dissolved organic compounds. The results focus on changes in cloud water composition with air mass origin – influences of forest, urban, and wildfire emissions.
Man Mei Chim, Chiu Tung Cheng, James F. Davies, Thomas Berkemeier, Manabu Shiraiwa, Andreas Zuend, and Man Nin Chan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 14415–14431, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14415-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14415-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we report that methyl-substituted succinic acid present at or near the surface of aqueous organic droplets can be efficiently oxidized by gas-phase OH radicals. The alkoxy radical chemistry appears to be an important reaction pathway. In addition, our model simulations reveal the relative importance of functionalization and fragmentation processes, alongside volatilization, in the evolution of the particle-phase reaction, which is largely dependent on the extent of oxidation.
Douglas B. Collins, Julia Burkart, Rachel Y.-W. Chang, Martine Lizotte, Aude Boivin-Rioux, Marjolaine Blais, Emma L. Mungall, Matthew Boyer, Victoria E. Irish, Guillaume Massé, Daniel Kunkel, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Tim Papakyriakou, Allan K. Bertram, Heiko Bozem, Michel Gosselin, Maurice Levasseur, and Jonathan P. D. Abbatt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 13119–13138, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-13119-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-13119-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The sources of aerosol particles and their growth to sizes large enough to act as cloud droplet seeds is of major importance to climate since clouds exert substantial control over the atmospheric energy balance. Using ship-board measurements from two summers in the Canadian Arctic, aerosol formation events were related to co-sampled atmospheric and oceanic parameters, providing insight into factors that drive particle formation and motivating further study of ocean–atmosphere interactions.
Adrian M. Maclean, Christopher L. Butenhoff, James W. Grayson, Kelley Barsanti, Jose L. Jimenez, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 13037–13048, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-13037-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-13037-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Using laboratory data, meteorological fields and a chemical transport model, we investigated how often mixing times are < 1 h within SOA in the planetary boundary layer (PBL). Based on viscosity data for alpha-pinene SOA generated using mass concentrations of ~1000 µg m −3, mixing times in biogenic SOA are < 1h most of the time.
Qing Mu, Gerhard Lammel, Christian N. Gencarelli, Ian M. Hedgecock, Ying Chen, Petra Přibylová, Monique Teich, Yuxuan Zhang, Guangjie Zheng, Dominik van Pinxteren, Qiang Zhang, Hartmut Herrmann, Manabu Shiraiwa, Peter Spichtinger, Hang Su, Ulrich Pöschl, and Yafang Cheng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 12253–12267, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12253-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12253-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are hazardous pollutants with the largest emissions in East Asia. The regional WRF-Chem-PAH model has been developed to reflect the state-of-the-art understanding of current PAHs studies with several new or updated features. It is able to reasonably well simulate the concentration levels and particulate mass fractions of PAHs near the sources and at a remote outflow region of East Asia, in high spatial and temporal resolutions.
Julia Montoya-Aguilera, Jeremy R. Horne, Mallory L. Hinks, Lauren T. Fleming, Véronique Perraud, Peng Lin, Alexander Laskin, Julia Laskin, Donald Dabdub, and Sergey A. Nizkorodov
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 11605–11621, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-11605-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-11605-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Various plant species emit a chemical compound called indole under stressed conditions or during flowering events. Our experiments show that indole can be oxidized in the atmosphere to produce a brownish haze containing well-known indole-derived dyes, such as indigo dye. An airshed model that includes indole chemistry shows that indole aerosol makes a significant contribution to the total aerosol burden and to visibility.
Yevgeny Derimian, Marie Choël, Yinon Rudich, Karine Deboudt, Oleg Dubovik, Alexander Laskin, Michel Legrand, Bahaiddin Damiri, Ilan Koren, Florin Unga, Myriam Moreau, Meinrat O. Andreae, and Arnon Karnieli
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 11331–11353, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-11331-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-11331-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We present influence of daily occurrence of the sea breeze flow from the Mediterranean Sea on physicochemical and optical properties of atmospheric aerosol deep inland in the Negev Desert of Israel. Sampled airborne dust was found be internally mixed with sea-salt particles and reacted with anthropogenic pollution, which makes the dust highly hygroscopic and a liquid coating of particles appears. These physicochemical transformations are associated with a change in aerosol radiative properties.
Mijung Song, Pengfei Liu, Scot T. Martin, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 11261–11271, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-11261-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-11261-2017, 2017
Paul J. DeMott, Thomas C. J. Hill, Markus D. Petters, Allan K. Bertram, Yutaka Tobo, Ryan H. Mason, Kaitlyn J. Suski, Christina S. McCluskey, Ezra J. T. Levin, Gregory P. Schill, Yvonne Boose, Anne Marie Rauker, Anna J. Miller, Jake Zaragoza, Katherine Rocci, Nicholas E. Rothfuss, Hans P. Taylor, John D. Hader, Cedric Chou, J. Alex Huffman, Ulrich Pöschl, Anthony J. Prenni, and Sonia M. Kreidenweis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 11227–11245, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-11227-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-11227-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The consistency and complementarity of different methods for measuring the numbers of particles capable of forming ice in clouds are examined in the atmosphere. Four methods for collecting particles for later (offline) freezing studies are compared to a common instantaneous method. Results support very good agreement in many cases but also biases that require further research. Present capabilities and uncertainties for obtaining global data on these climate-relevant aerosols are thus defined.
Matthew J. Gunsch, Rachel M. Kirpes, Katheryn R. Kolesar, Tate E. Barrett, Swarup China, Rebecca J. Sheesley, Alexander Laskin, Alfred Wiedensohler, Thomas Tuch, and Kerri A. Pratt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 10879–10892, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10879-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10879-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic sea ice loss is leading to increasing petroleum extraction and shipping. It is necessary to identify emissions from these activities for improved Arctic air quality and climate assessment. Atmospheric particles were measured from August to September 2015 in Utqiaġvik, AK. For periods influenced by Prudhoe Bay, significant influence associated with combustion emissions was observed, compared to fresh sea spray influence during Arctic Ocean periods.
Victoria E. Irish, Pablo Elizondo, Jessie Chen, Cédric Chou, Joannie Charette, Martine Lizotte, Luis A. Ladino, Theodore W. Wilson, Michel Gosselin, Benjamin J. Murray, Elena Polishchuk, Jonathan P. D. Abbatt, Lisa A. Miller, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 10583–10595, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10583-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10583-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The ocean is a possible source of atmospheric ice-nucleating particles (INPs). In this study we found that INPs were ubiquitous in the sea-surface microlayer and bulk seawater in the Canadian Arctic. A strong negative correlation was observed between salinity and freezing temperatures (after correcting for freezing point depression). Heat and filtration treatments of the samples showed that the INPs were likely biological material with sizes between 0.02 μm and 0.2 μm in diameter.
James W. Grayson, Erin Evoy, Mijung Song, Yangxi Chu, Adrian Maclean, Allena Nguyen, Mary Alice Upshur, Marzieh Ebrahimi, Chak K. Chan, Franz M. Geiger, Regan J. Thomson, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 8509–8524, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8509-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8509-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The viscosities of four polyols and three saccharides mixed with water were determined. The results from the polyol studies suggest viscosity increases by 1–2 orders of magnitude with the addition of an OH functional group to a carbon backbone. The results from the saccharide studies suggest that the viscosity of highly oxidized compounds is strongly dependent on molar mass and oligomerization of highly oxidized compounds in atmospheric SOM could lead to large increases in viscosity.
Thomas Berkemeier, Markus Ammann, Ulrich K. Krieger, Thomas Peter, Peter Spichtinger, Ulrich Pöschl, Manabu Shiraiwa, and Andrew J. Huisman
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 8021–8029, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8021-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8021-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Kinetic process models are efficient tools used to unravel the mechanisms governing chemical and physical transformation in multiphase atmospheric chemistry. However, determination of kinetic parameters such as reaction rate or diffusion coefficients from multiple data sets is often difficult or ambiguous. This study presents a novel optimization algorithm and framework to determine these parameters in an automated fashion and to gain information about parameter uncertainty and uniqueness.
Katrina M. Macdonald, Sangeeta Sharma, Desiree Toom, Alina Chivulescu, Sarah Hanna, Allan K. Bertram, Andrew Platt, Mike Elsasser, Lin Huang, David Tarasick, Nathan Chellman, Joseph R. McConnell, Heiko Bozem, Daniel Kunkel, Ying Duan Lei, Greg J. Evans, and Jonathan P. D. Abbatt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 5775–5788, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5775-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5775-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Rapid climate changes within the Arctic have highlighted existing uncertainties in the transport of contaminants to Arctic snow. Fresh snow samples collected frequently through the winter season were analyzed for major constituents creating a unique record of Arctic snow. Comparison with simultaneous atmospheric measurements provides insight into the driving processes in the transfer of contaminants from air to snow. The relative importance of deposition mechanisms over the season is proposed.
Jesús Vergara-Temprado, Benjamin J. Murray, Theodore W. Wilson, Daniel O'Sullivan, Jo Browse, Kirsty J. Pringle, Karin Ardon-Dryer, Allan K. Bertram, Susannah M. Burrows, Darius Ceburnis, Paul J. DeMott, Ryan H. Mason, Colin D. O'Dowd, Matteo Rinaldi, and Ken S. Carslaw
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 3637–3658, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-3637-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-3637-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We quantify the importance in the atmosphere of different aerosol components to contribute to global ice-nucleating particles concentrations (INPs). The aim is to improve the way atmospheric cloud-ice processes are represented in climate models so they will be able to make better predictions in the future. We found that a kind of dust (K-feldspar), together with marine organic aerosols, can help to improve the representation of INPs and explain most of their observations.
Wei Nie, Juan Hong, Silja A. K. Häme, Aijun Ding, Yugen Li, Chao Yan, Liqing Hao, Jyri Mikkilä, Longfei Zheng, Yuning Xie, Caijun Zhu, Zheng Xu, Xuguang Chi, Xin Huang, Yang Zhou, Peng Lin, Annele Virtanen, Douglas R. Worsnop, Markku Kulmala, Mikael Ehn, Jianzhen Yu, Veli-Matti Kerminen, and Tuukka Petäjä
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 3659–3672, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-3659-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-3659-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
HULIS are demonstrated to be important low-volatility, or even extremely low volatility, compounds in the organic aerosol phase. This sheds new light on the connection between atmospheric HULIS and ELVOCs. The interaction between HULIS and ammonium sulfate was found to decrease the volatility of the HULIS part in HULIS-AS mixed samples, indicating multiphase processes have the potential to lower the volatility of organic compounds in the aerosol phase.
Andrew D. Teakles, Rita So, Bruce Ainslie, Robert Nissen, Corinne Schiller, Roxanne Vingarzan, Ian McKendry, Anne Marie Macdonald, Daniel A. Jaffe, Allan K. Bertram, Kevin B. Strawbridge, W. Richard Leaitch, Sarah Hanna, Desiree Toom, Jonathan Baik, and Lin Huang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 2593–2611, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2593-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2593-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We present a case study of an intense wildfire smoke plume from Siberia that affected the air quality across the Pacific Northwest on 6–10 July 2012. The transport, entrainment, and chemical composition of the plume are examined to characterize the event. Ambient O3 and PM2.5 from surface monitoring is contrast to modelled baseline air quality estimates to show the overall contribution of the plume to exceedances in O3 and PM2.5 air quality standards and objectives that occurred.
Yuri Chenyakin, Dagny A. Ullmann, Erin Evoy, Lindsay Renbaum-Wolff, Saeid Kamal, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 2423–2435, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2423-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2423-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Viscosity measurements, along with the Stokes–Einstein relation, have been used to estimate the diffusion rates of organics within SOA particles. To test the Stokes–Einstein relation, we measured the diffusion coefficients of three fluorescent organic dyes within sucrose–water solutions with varying water activity. The diffusion coefficients were measured using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching. The results should be useful for predicting the diffusion of organics with SOA particles.
Adam P. Bateman, Zhaoheng Gong, Tristan H. Harder, Suzane S. de Sá, Bingbing Wang, Paulo Castillo, Swarup China, Yingjun Liu, Rachel E. O'Brien, Brett B. Palm, Hung-Wei Shiu, Glauber G. Cirino, Ryan Thalman, Kouji Adachi, M. Lizabeth Alexander, Paulo Artaxo, Allan K. Bertram, Peter R. Buseck, Mary K. Gilles, Jose L. Jimenez, Alexander Laskin, Antonio O. Manzi, Arthur Sedlacek, Rodrigo A. F. Souza, Jian Wang, Rahul Zaveri, and Scot T. Martin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 1759–1773, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-1759-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-1759-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The occurrence of nonliquid and liquid physical states of submicron atmospheric particulate matter (PM) downwind of an urban region in central Amazonia was investigated. Air masses representing background conditions, urban pollution, and regional- and continental-scale biomass were measured. Anthropogenic influences contributed to the presence of nonliquid PM in the atmospheric particle population, while liquid PM dominated during periods of biogenic influence.
Ryan C. Moffet, Rachel E. O'Brien, Peter A. Alpert, Stephen T. Kelly, Don Q. Pham, Mary K. Gilles, Daniel A. Knopf, and Alexander Laskin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 14515–14525, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-14515-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-14515-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric black carbon (BC), commonly known as soot, is an important constituent of the earth that imparts a warming similar to that of carbon dioxide. However, BC is much shorter lived and has uncertain warming due to its mixture with other solid and liquid components. Here, advanced microscopic methods have provided a detailed look at thousands of BC particles sampled from central California; these measurements will lead towards a better understanding of the effects that BC has on climate.
Andrea M. Arangio, Haijie Tong, Joanna Socorro, Ulrich Pöschl, and Manabu Shiraiwa
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 13105–13119, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-13105-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-13105-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We have quantified environmentally persistent free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in size-segregated atmospheric aerosol particles. We suggest that ROS were formed by decomposition of secondary organic aerosols interacting with transition metal ions and quinones contained in humic-like substances. The results have significant implications for aqueous-phase and cloud processing of organic aerosols as well as adverse health effects upon respiratory deposition of aerosol particles.
Pascale S. J. Lakey, Thomas Berkemeier, Manuel Krapf, Josef Dommen, Sarah S. Steimer, Lisa K. Whalley, Trevor Ingham, Maria T. Baeza-Romero, Ulrich Pöschl, Manabu Shiraiwa, Markus Ammann, and Dwayne E. Heard
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 13035–13047, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-13035-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-13035-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Chemical oxidation in the atmosphere removes pollutants and greenhouse gases but generates undesirable products such as secondary organic aerosol. Radicals are key intermediates in oxidation, but how they interact with aerosols is still not well understood. Here we use a laser to measure the loss of radicals onto oxidised aerosols generated in a smog chamber. The loss of radicals was controlled by the thickness or viscosity of the aerosols, confirmed by using sugar aerosols of known thickness.
Jiumeng Liu, Peng Lin, Alexander Laskin, Julia Laskin, Shawn M. Kathmann, Matthew Wise, Ryan Caylor, Felisha Imholt, Vanessa Selimovic, and John E. Shilling
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 12815–12827, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-12815-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-12815-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Light absorbing organic aerosols (BrC) absorb sunlight thereby influencing climate; however, understanding of the link between their optical properties and environmental variables remains limited. Our chamber experiment results suggest that variables including NOx concentration, RH level, and photolysis time have considerable influence on secondary BrC optical properties. The results contribute to a more accurate characterization of the impacts of aerosols on climate, especially in urban areas.
Natasha Hodas, Andreas Zuend, Katherine Schilling, Thomas Berkemeier, Manabu Shiraiwa, Richard C. Flagan, and John H. Seinfeld
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 12767–12792, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-12767-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-12767-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Discontinuities in apparent hygroscopicity below and above water saturation have been observed for organic and mixed organic-inorganic aerosol particles in both laboratory studies and in the ambient atmosphere. This work explores the extent to which such discontinuities are influenced by organic component molecular mass and viscosity, non-ideal thermodynamic interactions between aerosol components, and the combination of these factors.
Mijung Song, Pengfei F. Liu, Sarah J. Hanna, Rahul A. Zaveri, Katie Potter, Yuan You, Scot T. Martin, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 8817–8830, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-8817-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-8817-2016, 2016
Lindsay Renbaum-Wolff, Mijung Song, Claudia Marcolli, Yue Zhang, Pengfei F. Liu, James W. Grayson, Franz M. Geiger, Scot T. Martin, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 7969–7979, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-7969-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-7969-2016, 2016
James W. Grayson, Yue Zhang, Anke Mutzel, Lindsay Renbaum-Wolff, Olaf Böge, Saeid Kamal, Hartmut Herrmann, Scot T. Martin, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 6027–6040, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6027-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6027-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The effect of several experimental parameters on the viscosity of secondary organic material (SOM) generated from the ozonolysis of α-pinene has been studied. The results demonstrate that the viscosity of SOM depends on the particle mass concentration at which SOM is produced, and the relative humidity (RH) at which the SOM is studied. Hence, particle mass concentration and RH should be considered when comparing experimental results for SOM, or extrapolating laboratory results to the atmosphere.
Xianda Gong, Ci Zhang, Hong Chen, Sergey A. Nizkorodov, Jianmin Chen, and Xin Yang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 5399–5411, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-5399-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-5399-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we used a Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer and a Single Particle Soot Photometer to investigate the chemical and physical properties of black carbon (BC) aerosols during a regional air pollution episode in urban Shanghai. BC containing particles were mainly attributed to biomass burning and traffic emissions. We observed a group of highly aged traffic emitted particles with a relatively small BC core (~ 60–80 nm) and a very thick absolute coating thickness (~ 130–300 nm).
Lu Yu, Jeremy Smith, Alexander Laskin, Katheryn M. George, Cort Anastasio, Julia Laskin, Ann M. Dillner, and Qi Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 4511–4527, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-4511-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-4511-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The chemical evolution of SOA formed during aqueous reactions of phenolic compounds is studied via combined bulk and molecular analysis. Phenolic SOA evolve dynamically during photochemical aging, with different reaction mechanisms (oligomerization, fragmentation, and functionalization) leading to different generations of products that span an enormous range in volatilities and a large range in oxidation state and composition. Aqueous reactions of phenols are likely an important source of ELVOC.
Ying Li, Ulrich Pöschl, and Manabu Shiraiwa
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 3327–3344, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-3327-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-3327-2016, 2016
Haijie Tong, Andrea M. Arangio, Pascale S. J. Lakey, Thomas Berkemeier, Fobang Liu, Christopher J. Kampf, William H. Brune, Ulrich Pöschl, and Manabu Shiraiwa
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 1761–1771, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1761-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1761-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We provide experimental evidence that terpene and isoprene SOA form substantial amounts of OH radicals upon interaction with liquid water and iron. Our measurements and model results imply that the chemical reactivity of SOA in the atmosphere, particularly in clouds, can be faster than previously thought. Inhalation and deposition of SOA particles in the human respiratory tract may lead to a substantial release of OH radicals in vivo, causing oxidative stress and adverse aerosol health effects.
R. H. Mason, M. Si, C. Chou, V. E. Irish, R. Dickie, P. Elizondo, R. Wong, M. Brintnell, M. Elsasser, W. M. Lassar, K. M. Pierce, W. R. Leaitch, A. M. MacDonald, A. Platt, D. Toom-Sauntry, R. Sarda-Estève, C. L. Schiller, K. J. Suski, T. C. J. Hill, J. P. D. Abbatt, J. A. Huffman, P. J. DeMott, and A. K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 1637–1651, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1637-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1637-2016, 2016
R. H. Mason, M. Si, J. Li, C. Chou, R. Dickie, D. Toom-Sauntry, C. Pöhlker, J. D. Yakobi-Hancock, L. A. Ladino, K. Jones, W. R. Leaitch, C. L. Schiller, J. P. D. Abbatt, J. A. Huffman, and A. K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 12547–12566, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-12547-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-12547-2015, 2015
H. M. Allen, D. C. Draper, B. R. Ayres, A. Ault, A. Bondy, S. Takahama, R. L. Modini, K. Baumann, E. Edgerton, C. Knote, A. Laskin, B. Wang, and J. L. Fry
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 10669–10685, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-10669-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-10669-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We report ion chromatographic measurements of gas- and aerosol-phase inorganic species at the SOAS 2013 field study. Our particular focus is on inorganic nitrate aerosol formation via HNO3 uptake onto coarse-mode dust and sea salt particles, which we find to be the dominant source of episodic inorganic nitrate at this site, due to the high acidity of the particles preventing formation of NH4NO3. We calculate a production rate of inorganic nitrate aerosol.
Y. Tang, J. An, F. Wang, Y. Li, Y. Qu, Y. Chen, and J. Lin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 9381–9398, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-9381-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-9381-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
High daytime HONO mixing ratios in experiments suggest that an unknown daytime HONO source (P unknown) could exist. P unknown≈19.60×NO2×J(NO2) was obtained using observed data from 13 field experiments across the globe, then coupled into the WRF-Chem model. Simulations indicated that elevated P unknown was found in the coastal regions of China; the additional HONO sources, especially the P unknown produced significant increases of radicals in the major cities, and accelerated the radical cycles.
E. F. Mikhailov, G. N. Mironov, C. Pöhlker, X. Chi, M. L. Krüger, M. Shiraiwa, J.-D. Förster, U. Pöschl, S. S. Vlasenko, T. I. Ryshkevich, M. Weigand, A. L. D. Kilcoyne, and M. O. Andreae
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 8847–8869, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-8847-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-8847-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Our manuscript describes the hygroscopic properties of accumulation- and coarse-mode aerosol particles sampled at the ZOTTO in central Siberia (61º N, 89º E). The hygroscopic growth measurements were supplemented with chemical analyses of the samples. In addition, the microstructure and chemical composition of aerosol particles were analyzed by x-ray micro-spectroscopy (STXM-NEXAFS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
Y. Zhang, M. S. Sanchez, C. Douet, Y. Wang, A. P. Bateman, Z. Gong, M. Kuwata, L. Renbaum-Wolff, B. B. Sato, P. F. Liu, A. K. Bertram, F. M. Geiger, and S. T. Martin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 7819–7829, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-7819-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-7819-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
The present work estimates the viscosity of submicron organic particles while they are still suspended as an aerosol without further post-processing techniques that can possibly alter the properties of semi-volatile materials. Results imply that atmospheric particles, at least those similar to the ones of this study and for low- to middle-RH regimes, can reach equilibrium or react rather slowly with the surrounding gas phase on time scales even longer than the residence time in the atmosphere.
J. W. Grayson, M. Song, M. Sellier, and A. K. Bertram
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 8, 2463–2472, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-2463-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-2463-2015, 2015
R. H. Mason, C. Chou, C. S. McCluskey, E. J. T. Levin, C. L. Schiller, T. C. J. Hill, J. A. Huffman, P. J. DeMott, and A. K. Bertram
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 8, 2449–2462, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-2449-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-2449-2015, 2015
M. J. Tang, M. Shiraiwa, U. Pöschl, R. A. Cox, and M. Kalberer
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 5585–5598, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-5585-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-5585-2015, 2015
M. Song, P. F. Liu, S. J. Hanna, Y. J. Li, S. T. Martin, and A. K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 5145–5159, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-5145-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-5145-2015, 2015
B. Y. Kuang, P. Lin, X. H. H. Huang, and J. Z. Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 1995–2008, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1995-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1995-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Humic-like substances (HULIS), the hydrophobic part of water soluble organic material, account for ~10% of PM2.5 mass in the Pearl River Delta, China. Source analysis using PM2.5 chemical composition data revealed that secondary formation process, biomass burning, and residual oil combustion from shipping as significant sources of HULIS. Vehicle emissions contributed little to HULIS. Primary sources of HULIS appeared to be linked to inefficient combustion.
J. C. Schroder, S. J. Hanna, R. L. Modini, A. L. Corrigan, S. M. Kreidenwies, A. M. Macdonald, K. J. Noone, L. M. Russell, W. R. Leaitch, and A. K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 1367–1383, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1367-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1367-2015, 2015
Y. You and A. K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 1351–1365, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1351-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1351-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
The first set of studies illustrates that the liquid/liquid phase separation relative humidity (SRH) does not depend strongly on molecular weight. The second set of studies shows that for most particle types and temperature range studied, SRH does not depend strongly on temperature. SRH did depend strongly on temperature for particles containing α,4-dihydroxy-3-methoxybenzeneacetic acid mixed with ammonium bisulfate due to a combination of low temperature and low water content.
T. Berkemeier, M. Shiraiwa, U. Pöschl, and T. Koop
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 12513–12531, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12513-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12513-2014, 2014
Short summary
Short summary
Glassy organic particles can serve as ice nuclei at low temperatures. We provide a rationale for these findings using a numerical aerosol diffusion model that describes particle phase state and its kinetics during simulated atmospheric updrafts dependent upon composition, size, updraft velocity, temperature and humidity. Our simulations suggest that aerosols from anthropogenic aromatic organics can be particularly relevant for ice cloud formation.
J. D. Yakobi-Hancock, L. A. Ladino, A. K. Bertram, J. A. Huffman, K. Jones, W. R. Leaitch, R. H. Mason, C. L. Schiller, D. Toom-Sauntry, J. P. S. Wong, and J. P. D. Abbatt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 12307–12317, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12307-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12307-2014, 2014
Short summary
Short summary
As one aspect of the NETwork on Climate and Aerosols: addressing key uncertainties in Remote Canadian Environments, measurements of the cloud condensation nucleation properties of 50 nm and 100 nm aerosol particles were conducted at Ucluelet on the west coast of Vancouver Island in August 2013. The most efficient cloud condensation nuclei arose when the organic to sulfate ratio of the aerosol was lowest and when winds arrived from the west after transport through the marine boundary layer.
D. I. Haga, S. M. Burrows, R. Iannone, M. J. Wheeler, R. H. Mason, J. Chen, E. A. Polishchuk, U. Pöschl, and A. K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 8611–8630, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-8611-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-8611-2014, 2014
M. Shiraiwa, T. Berkemeier, K. A. Schilling-Fahnestock, J. H. Seinfeld, and U. Pöschl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 8323–8341, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-8323-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-8323-2014, 2014
C. L. Loza, J. S. Craven, L. D. Yee, M. M. Coggon, R. H. Schwantes, M. Shiraiwa, X. Zhang, K. A. Schilling, N. L. Ng, M. R. Canagaratna, P. J. Ziemann, R. C. Flagan, and J. H. Seinfeld
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 1423–1439, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-1423-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-1423-2014, 2014
Y. You, L. Renbaum-Wolff, and A. K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 11723–11734, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-11723-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-11723-2013, 2013
S. A. Epstein, E. Tapavicza, F. Furche, and S. A. Nizkorodov
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 9461–9477, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-9461-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-9461-2013, 2013
J. A. Huffman, A. J. Prenni, P. J. DeMott, C. Pöhlker, R. H. Mason, N. H. Robinson, J. Fröhlich-Nowoisky, Y. Tobo, V. R. Després, E. Garcia, D. J. Gochis, E. Harris, I. Müller-Germann, C. Ruzene, B. Schmer, B. Sinha, D. A. Day, M. O. Andreae, J. L. Jimenez, M. Gallagher, S. M. Kreidenweis, A. K. Bertram, and U. Pöschl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 6151–6164, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-6151-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-6151-2013, 2013
L. Renbaum-Wolff, J. W. Grayson, and A. K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 791–802, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-791-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-791-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Aerosols | Research Activity: Laboratory Studies | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
Boosting aerosol surface effects: strongly enhanced cooperative surface propensity of atmospherically relevant organic molecular ions in aqueous solution
The lifetimes and potential change in planetary albedo owing to the oxidation of thin surfactant organic films extracted from atmospheric aerosol by hydroxyl (OH) radicals at the air–water interface of particles
Exometabolomic exploration of culturable airborne microorganisms from an urban atmosphere
Measurement Report: Changes in ammonia emissions since the 18th century in south-eastern Europe inferred from an Elbrus (Caucasus, Russia) ice-core record
Atmospheric oxidation of 1,3-butadiene: influence of seed aerosol acidity and relative humidity on SOA composition and the production of air toxic compounds
Enhanced sulfate formation in mixed biomass burning and sea-salt interactions mediated by photosensitization: effects of chloride, nitrogen-containing compounds, and atmospheric aging
Heterogeneous formation and light absorption of secondary organic aerosols from acetone photochemical reactions: remarkably enhancing effects of seeds and ammonia
Experimental observation of the impact of nanostructure on hygroscopicity and reactivity of fatty acid atmospheric aerosol proxies
Technical note: High-resolution analyses of concentrations and sizes of refractory black carbon particles deposited in northwestern Greenland over the past 350 years – Part 1: Continuous flow analysis of the SIGMA-D ice core using the wide-range Single-Particle Soot Photometer and a high-efficiency nebulizer
The role of surface-active macromolecules in the ice nucleating ability of lignin, Snomax, and agricultural soil extracts
Particulate emissions from cooking: emission factors, emission dynamics, and mass spectrometric analysis for different cooking methods
Hydrogen Peroxide Photoformation in Particulate Matter and its Contribution to S(IV) Oxidation During Winter in Fairbanks, Alaska
Heterogeneous Phototransformation of Halogenated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Influencing Factors, Mechanisms and Products
Nocturnal atmospheric synergistic oxidation reduces the formation of low-volatility organic compounds from biogenic emissions
The interplay between aqueous replacement reaction and the phase state of internally mixed organic/ammonium aerosols
Measurement report: The Fifth International Workshop on Ice Nucleation phase 1 (FIN-01): intercomparison of single-particle mass spectrometers
The importance of burning conditions on the composition of domestic biomass burning organic aerosol and the impact of atmospheric aging
Characterization of the particle size distribution, mineralogy, and Fe mode of occurrence of dust-emitting sediments from the Mojave Desert, California, USA
Measurement report: Effects of transition metal ions on the optical properties of humic-like substances (HULIS) reveal a structural preference – a case study of PM2.5 in Beijing, China
Probing Iceland's dust-emitting sediments: particle size distribution, mineralogy, cohesion, Fe mode of occurrence, and reflectance spectra signatures
Photoenhanced sulfate formation by the heterogeneous uptake of SO2 on non-photoactive mineral dust
Comparison of water-soluble and water-insoluble organic compositions attributing to different light absorption efficiency between residential coal and biomass burning emissions
Suppressed atmospheric chemical aging of cooking organic aerosol particles in wintertime conditions
Formation and loss of light absorbance by phenolic aqueous SOA by ●OH and an organic triplet excited state
Technical Note: A technique to convert NO2 to NO2− with S(IV) and its application to measuring nitrate photolysis
Distribution, chemical, and molecular composition of high and low molecular weight humic-like substances in ambient aerosols
Desorption lifetimes and activation energies influencing gas–surface interactions and multiphase chemical kinetics
Molecular analysis of secondary organic aerosol and brown carbon from the oxidation of indole
Secondary organic aerosol formed by Euro 5 gasoline vehicle emissions: chemical composition and gas-to-particle phase partitioning
Assessment of the contribution of residential waste burning to ambient PM10 concentrations in Hungary and Romania
Source differences in the components and cytotoxicity of PM2.5 from automobile exhaust, coal combustion, and biomass burning contributing to urban aerosol toxicity
Chamber studies of OH + dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl disulfide: insights into the dimethyl sulfide oxidation mechanism
Low-temperature ice nucleation of sea spray and secondary marine aerosols under cirrus cloud conditions
Temperature-dependent aqueous OH kinetics of C2–C10 linear and terpenoid alcohols and diols: new rate coefficients, structure–activity relationship, and atmospheric lifetimes
A possible unaccounted source of nitrogen-containing compound formation in aerosols: amines reacting with secondary ozonides
Seasonal variations in photooxidant formation and light absorption in aqueous extracts of ambient particles
Variability in sediment particle size, mineralogy, and Fe mode of occurrence across dust-source inland drainage basins: the case of the lower Drâa Valley, Morocco
Gas–particle partitioning of toluene oxidation products: an experimental and modeling study
Chemically speciated air pollutant emissions from open burning of household solid waste from South Africa
Bulk and molecular-level composition of primary organic aerosol from wood, straw, cow dung, and plastic burning
Volatile oxidation products and secondary organosiloxane aerosol from D5 + OH at varying OH exposures
Molecular fingerprints and health risks of smoke from home-use incense burning
High enrichment of heavy metals in fine particulate matter through dust aerosol generation
Production of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) by fast-growing phytoplankton
Technical note: In situ measurements and modelling of the oxidation kinetics in films of a cooking aerosol proxy using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D)
Contrasting impacts of humidity on the ozonolysis of monoterpenes: insights into the multi-generation chemical mechanism
Quantifying the seasonal variations in and regional transport of PM2.5 in the Yangtze River Delta region, China: characteristics, sources, and health risks
Opinion: Atmospheric multiphase chemistry – past, present, and future
Distinct photochemistry in glycine particles mixed with different atmospheric nitrate salts
Effects of storage conditions on the molecular-level composition of organic aerosol particles
Harmanjot Kaur, Stephan Thürmer, Shirin Gholami, Bruno Credidio, Florian Trinter, Debora Vasconcelos, Ricardo Marinho, Joel Pinheiro, Hendrik Bluhm, Arnaldo Naves de Brito, Gunnar Öhrwall, Bernd Winter, and Olle Björneholm
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 3503–3518, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3503-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3503-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding the surface composition of aerosols is crucial for advancing climate models. We investigated the interface of single-component and mixed aqueous solutions of atmospherically relevant carboxylic acid and alkyl-ammonium ions using liquid-jet photoelectron spectroscopy. An exponential increase in surface propensity as a function of chain length was found for the single species, and cooperative effects in the mixtures cause a further drastic increase in surface solute concentration.
Rosalie H. Shepherd, Martin D. King, Andrew D. Ward, Edward J. Stuckey, Rebecca J. L. Welbourn, Neil Brough, Adam Milsom, Christian Pfrang, and Thomas Arnold
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 2569–2588, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2569-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2569-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Thin film formation at the air–water interface from material extracted from atmospheric aerosol was demonstrated, supporting the core–shell morphology. Film thicknesses were approximately 10 Å and 17 Å for urban and remote extracts, respectively. Exposure to gas-phase OH radicals showed fast reactions and short lifetimes of around 1 h. The effect on the Earth's radiative balance indicated that removing half of the film could significantly increase the top-of-atmosphere albedo for urban films.
Rui Jin, Wei Hu, Peimin Duan, Ming Sheng, Dandan Liu, Ziye Huang, Mutong Niu, Libin Wu, Junjun Deng, and Pingqing Fu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1805–1829, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1805-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1805-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The metabolic capacity of atmospheric microorganisms after settling into habitats is poorly understood. We studied the molecular composition of exometabolites for cultured typical airborne microbes and traced their metabolic processes. Bacteria and fungi produce highly oxidized exometabolites and have significant variations in metabolism among different strains. These insights are pivotal for assessing the biogeochemical impacts of atmospheric microorganisms following their deposition.
Michel Legrand, Mstislav Vorobyev, Daria Bokuchava, Stanislav Kutuzov, Andreas Plach, Andreas Stohl, Alexandra Khairedinova, Vladimir Mikhalenko, Maria Vinogradova, Sabine Eckhardt, and Susanne Preunkert
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1385–1399, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1385-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1385-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Past atmospheric NH3 pollution in south-eastern Europe was reconstructed by analysing ammonium in an ice core drilled at the Mount Elbrus (Caucasus, Russia). The observed 3.5-fold increase in ice concentrations between 1750 and 1990 CE is in good agreement with estimated past dominant ammonia emissions from agriculture, mainly from south European Russia and Türkiye. In contrast to present-day conditions, the ammonium level observed in 1750 CE indicates significant natural emissions at that time.
Mohammed Jaoui, Klara Nestorowicz, Krzysztof J. Rudzinski, Michael Lewandowski, Tadeusz E. Kleindienst, Julio Torres, Ewa Bulska, Witold Danikiewicz, and Rafal Szmigielski
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1401–1432, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1401-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1401-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Recent research has established the contribution of 1,3-butadiene (13BD) to organic aerosol formation with negative implications for urban air quality. Health effect studies have focused on whole particulate matter, but compounds responsible for adverse health effects remain uncertain. This study provides the effect of relative humidity and seed aerosol acidity on the chemical composition of aerosol formed from 13BD photooxidation.
Rongzhi Tang, Jialiang Ma, Ruifeng Zhang, Weizhen Cui, Yuanyuan Qin, Yangxi Chu, Yiming Qin, Alexander L. Vogel, and Chak K. Chan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 425–439, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-425-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-425-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides laboratory evidence that the photosensitizers in biomass burning extracts can enhance sulfate formation in NaCl particles, primarily by triggering the formation of secondary oxidants under light and air conditions, with a lower contribution of direct photosensitization via triplets.
Si Zhang, Yining Gao, Xinbei Xu, Luyao Chen, Can Wu, Zheng Li, Rongjie Li, Binyu Xiao, Xiaodi Liu, Rui Li, Fan Zhang, and Gehui Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 14177–14190, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-14177-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-14177-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) from acetone photooxidation in the presence of various seeds were studied to illustrate SOA formation kinetics under ammonia-rich conditions. The oxidation mechanism of acetone was investigated using an observation-based model incorporating a Master Chemical Mechanism model. A higher SOA yield of acetone was observed compared to methylglyoxal due to an enhanced uptake of the small photooxidation products of acetone.
Adam Milsom, Adam M. Squires, Ben Laurence, Ben Wōden, Andrew J. Smith, Andrew D. Ward, and Christian Pfrang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13571–13586, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13571-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13571-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We followed nano-structural changes in mixtures found in urban organic aerosol emissions (oleic acid, sodium oleate and fructose) during humidity change and ozone exposure. We demonstrate that self-assembly of fatty acid nanostructures can impact water uptake and chemical reactivity, affecting atmospheric lifetimes, urban air quality (preventing harmful emissions from degradation and enabling their long-range transport) and climate (affecting cloud formation), with implications for human health.
Kumiko Goto-Azuma, Remi Dallmayr, Yoshimi Ogawa-Tsukagawa, Nobuhiro Moteki, Tatsuhiro Mori, Sho Ohata, Yutaka Kondo, Makoto Koike, Motohiro Hirabayashi, Jun Ogata, Kyotaro Kitamura, Kenji Kawamura, Koji Fujita, Sumito Matoba, Naoko Nagatsuka, Akane Tsushima, Kaori Fukuda, and Teruo Aoki
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12985–13000, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12985-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12985-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a continuous flow analysis system to analyze an ice core from northwestern Greenland and coupled it with an improved refractory black carbon (rBC) measurement technique. This allowed accurate high-resolution analyses of size distributions and concentrations of rBC particles with diameters of 70 nm–4 μm for the past 350 years. Our results provide crucial insights into rBC's climatic effects. We also found previous ice core studies substantially underestimated rBC mass concentrations.
Kathleen A. Thompson, Paul Bieber, Anna J. Miller, Nicole Link, Benjamin J. Murray, and Nadine Borduas-Dedekind
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2827, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2827, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Lignin and Snomax are surface-active macromolecules that show a relationship between increasing concentrations, decreasing surface tension, and increasing ice-nucleating ability. However, this relationship did not hold for agricultural soil extracts collected in the UK and Canada. Hydrophobic interfaces play an important role in the ice-nucleating activity of organic matter; as the complexity of the sample increases, the hydrophobic interfaces in the bulk compete with the air-water interface.
Julia Pikmann, Frank Drewnick, Friederike Fachinger, and Stephan Borrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12295–12321, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12295-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12295-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Cooking activities can contribute substantially to indoor and ambient aerosol. We performed a comprehensive study with laboratory measurements cooking 19 different dishes and ambient measurements at two Christmas markets measuring various particle properties and trace gases of emissions in real time. Similar emission characteristics were observed for dishes with the same preparation method, mainly due to similar cooking temperature and use of oil, with barbecuing as an especially strong source.
Michael Oluwatoyin Sunday, Laura Marie Dahler Heinlein, Junwei He, Allison Moon, Sukriti Kapur, Ting Fang, Kasey C. Edwards, Fangzhou Guo, Jack Dibb, James H. Flynn III, Becky Alexander, Manabu Shiraiwa, and Cort Anastasio
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3272, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3272, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Hydrogen peroxide (HOOH) is an important oxidant that forms atmospheric sulfate. We demonstrate that illumination of brown carbon can rapidly form HOOH within particles, even under the low sunlight conditions of Fairbanks, Alaska during winter. This in-particle formation of HOOH is fast enough that it forms sulfate at significant rates. In contrast, the formation of HOOH in the gas phase during the campaign is expected to be negligible because of high NOx levels.
Yueyao Yang, Yahui Liu, Guohua Zhu, Bingcheng Lin, Shanshan Zhang, Xin Li, Fangxi Xu, He Niu, Rong Jin, and Minghui Zheng
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2814, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2814, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (XPAHs) are emerging pollutants. The stability during the atmospheric transformation processes is crucial for predicting their environmental fate and assessing associated risks. Here, we conducted field studies and laboratory simulation experiments to reveal the mechanisms, influencing factors and products for XPAHs’ heterogeneous phototransformation. Results revealed that the conversion of XPAHs led to a reduction in environmental risk.
Han Zang, Zekun Luo, Chenxi Li, Ziyue Li, Dandan Huang, and Yue Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 11701–11716, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11701-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11701-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric organics are subject to synergistic oxidation by different oxidants, yet the mechanisms of such processes are poorly understood. Here, using direct measurements and kinetic modeling, we probe the nocturnal synergistic-oxidation mechanism of α-pinene by O3 and NO3 radicals and in particular the fate of peroxy radical intermediates of different origins, which will deepen our understanding of the monoterpene oxidation chemistry and its contribution to atmospheric particle formation.
Hui Yang, Fengfeng Dong, Li Xia, Qishen Huang, Shufeng Pang, and Yunhong Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 11619–11635, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11619-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11619-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric secondary aerosols, composed of organic and inorganic components, undergo complex reactions that impact their phase state. Using molecular spectroscopy, we showed that ammonium-promoted aqueous replacement reaction, unique to these aerosols, is closely linked to phase behavior. The interplay between reactions and aerosol phase state can cause atypical phase transition and irreversible changes in aerosol composition during hygroscopic cycles, further impacting atmospheric processes.
Xiaoli Shen, David M. Bell, Hugh Coe, Naruki Hiranuma, Fabian Mahrt, Nicholas A. Marsden, Claudia Mohr, Daniel M. Murphy, Harald Saathoff, Johannes Schneider, Jacqueline Wilson, Maria A. Zawadowicz, Alla Zelenyuk, Paul J. DeMott, Ottmar Möhler, and Daniel J. Cziczo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10869–10891, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10869-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10869-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Single-particle mass spectrometry (SPMS) is commonly used to measure the chemical composition and mixing state of aerosol particles. Intercomparison of SPMS instruments was conducted. All instruments reported similar size ranges and common spectral features. The instrument-specific detection efficiency was found to be more dependent on particle size than type. All differentiated secondary organic aerosol, soot, and soil dust but had difficulties differentiating among minerals and dusts.
Rhianna Louise Evans, Daniel Jack Bryant, Aristeidis Voliotis, Dawei Hu, Huihui Wu, Sara Aisyah Syafira, Osayomwanbor Ebenezer Oghama, Gordon McFiggans, Jacqueline Fiona Hamilton, and Andrew Robert Rickard
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2642, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2642, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The chemical composition of organic aerosol derived from wood burning emissions under different burning conditions was characterised. Fresh emissions from flaming and smouldering were largely aromatic in nature whereas upon aging the aromatic content decreased. This decrease was greater for smouldering due to the loss of toxic polyaromatic species. Whereas under flaming conditions highly toxic polyaromatic species were produced. These differences present an important challenge for policy.
Adolfo González-Romero, Cristina González-Flórez, Agnesh Panta, Jesús Yus-Díez, Patricia Córdoba, Andres Alastuey, Natalia Moreno, Melani Hernández-Chiriboga, Konrad Kandler, Martina Klose, Roger N. Clark, Bethany L. Ehlmann, Rebecca N. Greenberger, Abigail M. Keebler, Phil Brodrick, Robert Green, Paul Ginoux, Xavier Querol, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 9155–9176, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9155-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9155-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this research, we studied the dust-emitting properties of crusts and aeolian ripples from the Mojave Desert. These properties are key to understanding the effect of dust upon climate. We found two different playa lakes according to the groundwater regime, which implies differences in crusts' cohesion state and mineralogy, which can affect the dust emission potential and properties. We also compare them with Moroccan Sahara crusts and Icelandic top sediments.
Juanjuan Qin, Leiming Zhang, Yuanyuan Qin, Shaoxuan Shi, Jingnan Li, Zhao Shu, Yuwei Gao, Ting Qi, Jihua Tan, and Xinming Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7575–7589, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7575-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7575-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The present research unveiled that acidity dominates while transition metal ions harmonize with the light absorption properties of humic-like substances (HULIS). Cu2+ has quenching effects on HULIS by complexation, hydrogen substitution, or electrostatic adsorption, with aromatic structures of HULIS. Such effects are less pronounced if from Mn2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, and Cu2+. Oxidized HULIS might contain electron-donating groups, whereas N-containing compounds might contain electron-withdrawing groups.
Adolfo González-Romero, Cristina González-Flórez, Agnesh Panta, Jesús Yus-Díez, Patricia Córdoba, Andres Alastuey, Natalia Moreno, Konrad Kandler, Martina Klose, Roger N. Clark, Bethany L. Ehlmann, Rebecca N. Greenberger, Abigail M. Keebler, Phil Brodrick, Robert O. Green, Xavier Querol, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6883–6910, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6883-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6883-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The knowledge of properties from dust emitted in high latitudes such as in Iceland is scarce. This study focuses on the particle size, mineralogy, cohesion, and iron mode of occurrence and reflectance spectra of dust-emitting sediments. Icelandic top sediments have lower cohesion state, coarser particle size, distinctive mineralogy, and 3-fold bulk Fe content, with a large presence of magnetite compared to Saharan crusts.
Wangjin Yang, Jiawei Ma, Hongxing Yang, Fu Li, and Chong Han
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6757–6768, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6757-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6757-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We provide evidence that light enhances the conversion of SO2 to sulfates on non-photoactive mineral dust, where triplet states of SO2 (3SO2) can act as a pivotal trigger to generate sulfates. Photochemical sulfate formation depends on H2O, O2, and basicity of mineral dust. The SO2 photochemistry on non-photoactive mineral dust contributes to sulfates, highlighting previously unknown pathways to better explain the missing sources of atmospheric sulfates.
Lu Zhang, Jin Li, Yaojie Li, Xinlei Liu, Zhihan Luo, Guofeng Shen, and Shu Tao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6323–6337, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6323-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6323-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Brown carbon (BrC) is related to radiative forcing and climate change. The BrC fraction from residential coal and biomass burning emissions, which were the major source of BrC, was characterized at the molecular level. The CHOS aromatic compounds explained higher light absorption efficiencies of biomass burning emissions compared to coal. The unique formulas of coal combustion aerosols were characterized by higher unsaturated compounds, and such information could be used for source appointment.
Wenli Liu, Longkun He, Yingjun Liu, Keren Liao, Qi Chen, and Mikinori Kuwata
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5625–5636, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5625-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5625-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Cooking is a major source of particles in urban areas. Previous studies demonstrated that the chemical lifetimes of cooking organic aerosols (COAs) were much shorter (~minutes) than the values reported by field observations (~hours). We conducted laboratory experiments to resolve the discrepancy by considering suppressed reactivity under low temperature. The parameterized k2–T relationships and observed surface temperature data were used to estimate the chemical lifetimes of COA particles.
Stephanie Arciva, Lan Ma, Camille Mavis, Chrystal Guzman, and Cort Anastasio
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4473–4485, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4473-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4473-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We measured changes in light absorption during the aqueous oxidation of six phenols with hydroxyl radical (●OH) or an organic triplet excited state (3C*). All the phenols formed light-absorbing secondary brown carbon (BrC), which then decayed with continued oxidation. Extrapolation to ambient conditions suggest ●OH is the dominant sink of secondary phenolic BrC in fog/cloud drops, while 3C* controls the lifetime of this light absorption in particle water.
Aaron Lieberman, Julietta Picco, Murat Onder, and Cort Anastasio
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4411–4419, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4411-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4411-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a method that uses aqueous S(IV) to quantitatively convert NO2 to NO2−, which allows both species to be quantified using the Griess method. As an example of the utility of the method, we quantified both photolysis channels of nitrate, with and without a scavenger for hydroxyl radical (·OH). The results show that without a scavenger, ·OH reacts with nitrite to form nitrogen dioxide, suppressing the apparent quantum yield of NO2− and enhancing that of NO2.
Xingjun Fan, Ao Cheng, Xufang Yu, Tao Cao, Dan Chen, Wenchao Ji, Yongbing Cai, Fande Meng, Jianzhong Song, and Ping'an Peng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3769–3783, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3769-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3769-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Molecular-level characteristics of high molecular weight (HMW) and low MW (LMW) humic-like substances (HULIS) were comprehensively investigated, where HMW HULIS had larger chromophores and larger molecular size than LMW HULIS and exhibited higher aromaticity and humification. Electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry revealed more aromatic molecules in HMW HULIS. HMW HULIS had more CHON compounds, while LMW HULIS had more CHO compounds.
Daniel A. Knopf, Markus Ammann, Thomas Berkemeier, Ulrich Pöschl, and Manabu Shiraiwa
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3445–3528, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3445-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3445-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The initial step of interfacial and multiphase chemical processes involves adsorption and desorption of gas species. This study demonstrates the role of desorption energy governing the residence time of the gas species at the environmental interface. A parameterization is formulated that enables the prediction of desorption energy based on the molecular weight, polarizability, and oxygen-to-carbon ratio of the desorbing chemical species. Its application to gas–particle interactions is discussed.
Feng Jiang, Kyla Siemens, Claudia Linke, Yanxia Li, Yiwei Gong, Thomas Leisner, Alexander Laskin, and Harald Saathoff
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2639–2649, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2639-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2639-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the optical properties, chemical composition, and formation mechanisms of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and brown carbon (BrC) from the oxidation of indole with and without NO2 in the Aerosol Interaction and Dynamics in the Atmosphere (AIDA) simulation chamber. This work is one of the very few to link the optical properties and chemical composition of indole SOA with and without NO2 by simulation chamber experiments.
Evangelia Kostenidou, Baptiste Marques, Brice Temime-Roussel, Yao Liu, Boris Vansevenant, Karine Sartelet, and Barbara D'Anna
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2705–2729, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2705-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2705-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from gasoline vehicles can be a significant source of particulate matter in urban areas. Here the chemical composition of secondary volatile organic compounds and SOA produced by photo-oxidation of Euro 5 gasoline vehicle emissions was studied. The volatility of the SOA formed was calculated. Except for the temperature and the concentration of the aerosol, additional parameters may play a role in the gas-to-particle partitioning.
András Hoffer, Aida Meiramova, Ádám Tóth, Beatrix Jancsek-Turóczi, Gyula Kiss, Ágnes Rostási, Erika Andrea Levei, Luminita Marmureanu, Attila Machon, and András Gelencsér
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1659–1671, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1659-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1659-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Specific tracer compounds identified previously in controlled test burnings of different waste types in the laboratory were detected and quantified in ambient PM10 samples collected in five Hungarian and four Romanian settlements. Back-of-the-envelope calculations based on the relative emission factors of individual tracers suggested that the contribution of solid waste burning particulate emissions to ambient PM10 mass concentrations may be as high as a few percent.
Xiao-San Luo, Weijie Huang, Guofeng Shen, Yuting Pang, Mingwei Tang, Weijun Li, Zhen Zhao, Hanhan Li, Yaqian Wei, Longjiao Xie, and Tariq Mehmood
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1345–1360, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1345-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1345-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
PM2.5 are air pollutants threatening health globally, but they are a mixture of chemical compositions from many sources and result in unequal toxicity. Which composition from which source of PM2.5 as the most hazardous object is a question hindering effective pollution control policy-making. With chemical and toxicity experiments, we found automobile exhaust and coal combustion to be priority emissions with higher toxic compositions for precise air pollution control, ensuring public health.
Matthew B. Goss and Jesse H. Kroll
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1299–1314, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1299-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1299-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The chemistry driving dimethyl sulfide (DMS) oxidation and subsequent sulfate particle formation in the atmosphere is poorly constrained. We oxidized two related compounds (dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl disulfide) in the laboratory under varied NOx conditions and measured the gas- and particle-phase products. These results demonstrate that both the OH addition and OH abstraction pathways for DMS oxidation contribute to particle formation via mechanisms that do not involve the SO2 intermediate.
Ryan J. Patnaude, Kathryn A. Moore, Russell J. Perkins, Thomas C. J. Hill, Paul J. DeMott, and Sonia M. Kreidenweis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 911–928, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-911-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-911-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we examined the effect of atmospheric aging on sea spray aerosols (SSAs) to form ice and how newly formed secondary marine aerosols (SMAs) may freeze at cirrus temperatures (< −38 °C). Results show that SSAs freeze at different relative humidities (RHs) depending on the temperature and that the ice-nucleating ability of SSA was not hindered by atmospheric aging. SMAs are shown to freeze at high RHs and are likely inefficient at forming ice at cirrus temperatures.
Bartłomiej Witkowski, Priyanka Jain, Beata Wileńska, and Tomasz Gierczak
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 663–688, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-663-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-663-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This article reports the results of the kinetic measurements for the aqueous oxidation of the 29 aliphatic alcohols by hydroxyl radical (OH) at different temperatures. The data acquired and the literature data were used to optimize a model for predicting the aqueous OH reactivity of alcohols and carboxylic acids and to estimate the atmospheric lifetimes of five terpenoic alcohols. The kinetic data provided new insights into the mechanism of aqueous oxidation of aliphatic molecules by the OH.
Junting Qiu, Xinlin Shen, Jiangyao Chen, Guiying Li, and Taicheng An
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 155–166, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-155-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-155-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We studied reactions of secondary ozonides (SOZs) with amines. SOZs formed from ozonolysis of β-caryophyllene and α-humulene are found to be reactive to ethylamine and methylamine. Products from SOZs with various conformations reacting with the same amine had different functional groups. Our findings indicate that interaction of SOZs with amines in the atmosphere is very complicated, which is potentially a hitherto unrecognized source of N-containing compound formation.
Lan Ma, Reed Worland, Laura Heinlein, Chrystal Guzman, Wenqing Jiang, Christopher Niedek, Keith J. Bein, Qi Zhang, and Cort Anastasio
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1–21, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We measured concentrations of three photooxidants – the hydroxyl radical, triplet excited states of organic carbon, and singlet molecular oxygen – in fine particles collected over a year. Concentrations are highest in extracts of fresh biomass burning particles, largely because they have the highest particle concentrations and highest light absorption. When normalized by light absorption, rates of formation for each oxidant are generally similar for the four particle types we observed.
Adolfo González-Romero, Cristina González-Flórez, Agnesh Panta, Jesús Yus-Díez, Cristina Reche, Patricia Córdoba, Natalia Moreno, Andres Alastuey, Konrad Kandler, Martina Klose, Clarissa Baldo, Roger N. Clark, Zongbo Shi, Xavier Querol, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15815–15834, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15815-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15815-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The effect of dust emitted from desertic surfaces upon climate and ecosystems depends on size and mineralogy, but data from soil mineral atlases of desert soils are scarce. We performed particle-size distribution, mineralogy, and Fe speciation in southern Morocco. Results show coarser particles with high quartz proportion are near the elevated areas, while in depressed areas, sizes are finer, and proportions of clays and nano-Fe oxides are higher. This difference is important for dust modelling.
Victor Lannuque, Barbara D'Anna, Evangelia Kostenidou, Florian Couvidat, Alvaro Martinez-Valiente, Philipp Eichler, Armin Wisthaler, Markus Müller, Brice Temime-Roussel, Richard Valorso, and Karine Sartelet
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15537–15560, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15537-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15537-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Large uncertainties remain in understanding secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from toluene oxidation. In this study, speciation measurements in gaseous and particulate phases were carried out, providing partitioning and volatility data on individual toluene SOA components at different temperatures. A new detailed oxidation mechanism was developed to improve modeled speciation, and effects of different processes involved in gas–particle partitioning at the molecular scale are explored.
Xiaoliang Wang, Hatef Firouzkouhi, Judith C. Chow, John G. Watson, Steven Sai Hang Ho, Warren Carter, and Alexandra S. M. De Vos
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15375–15393, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15375-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15375-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Open burning of municipal solid waste emits chemicals that are harmful to the environment. This paper reports source profiles and emission factors for PM2.5 species and acidic/alkali gases from laboratory combustion of 10 waste categories (including plastics and biomass) that represent open burning in South Africa. Results will be useful for health and climate impact assessments, speciated emission inventories, source-oriented dispersion models, and receptor-based source apportionment.
Jun Zhang, Kun Li, Tiantian Wang, Erlend Gammelsæter, Rico K. Y. Cheung, Mihnea Surdu, Sophie Bogler, Deepika Bhattu, Dongyu S. Wang, Tianqu Cui, Lu Qi, Houssni Lamkaddam, Imad El Haddad, Jay G. Slowik, Andre S. H. Prevot, and David M. Bell
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14561–14576, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14561-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14561-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted burning experiments to simulate various types of solid fuel combustion, including residential burning, wildfires, agricultural burning, cow dung, and plastic bag burning. The chemical composition of the particles was characterized using mass spectrometers, and new potential markers for different fuels were identified using statistical analysis. This work improves our understanding of emissions from solid fuel burning and offers support for refined source apportionment.
Hyun Gu Kang, Yanfang Chen, Yoojin Park, Thomas Berkemeier, and Hwajin Kim
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14307–14323, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14307-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14307-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
D5 is an emerging anthropogenic pollutant that is ubiquitous in indoor and urban environments, and the OH oxidation of D5 forms secondary organosiloxane aerosol (SOSiA). Application of a kinetic box model that uses a volatility basis set (VBS) showed that consideration of oxidative aging (aging-VBS) predicts SOSiA formation much better than using a standard-VBS model. Ageing-dependent parameterization is needed to accurately model SOSiA to assess the implications of siloxanes for air quality.
Kai Song, Rongzhi Tang, Jingshun Zhang, Zichao Wan, Yuan Zhang, Kun Hu, Yuanzheng Gong, Daqi Lv, Sihua Lu, Yu Tan, Ruifeng Zhang, Ang Li, Shuyuan Yan, Shichao Yan, Baoming Fan, Wenfei Zhu, Chak K. Chan, Maosheng Yao, and Song Guo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13585–13595, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13585-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13585-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Incense burning is common in Asia, posing threats to human health and air quality. However, less is known about its emissions and health risks. Full-volatility organic species from incense-burning smoke are detected and quantified. Intermediate-volatility volatile organic compounds (IVOCs) are crucial organics accounting for 19.2 % of the total emission factors (EFs) and 40.0 % of the secondary organic aerosol (SOA) estimation, highlighting the importance of incorporating IVOCs into SOA models.
Qianqian Gao, Shengqiang Zhu, Kaili Zhou, Jinghao Zhai, Shaodong Chen, Qihuang Wang, Shurong Wang, Jin Han, Xiaohui Lu, Hong Chen, Liwu Zhang, Lin Wang, Zimeng Wang, Xin Yang, Qi Ying, Hongliang Zhang, Jianmin Chen, and Xiaofei Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13049–13060, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13049-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13049-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Dust is a major source of atmospheric aerosols. Its chemical composition is often assumed to be similar to the parent soil. However, this assumption has not been rigorously verified. Dust aerosols are mainly generated by wind erosion, which may have some chemical selectivity. Mn, Cd and Pb were found to be highly enriched in fine-dust (PM2.5) aerosols. In addition, estimation of heavy metal emissions from dust generation by air quality models may have errors without using proper dust profiles.
Daniel C. O. Thornton, Sarah D. Brooks, Elise K. Wilbourn, Jessica Mirrielees, Alyssa N. Alsante, Gerardo Gold-Bouchot, Andrew Whitesell, and Kiana McFadden
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12707–12729, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12707-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12707-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A major uncertainty in our understanding of clouds and climate is the sources and properties of the aerosol on which clouds grow. We found that aerosol containing organic matter from fast-growing marine phytoplankton was a source of ice-nucleating particles (INPs). INPs facilitate freezing of ice crystals at warmer temperatures than otherwise possible and therefore change cloud formation and properties. Our results show that ecosystem processes and the properties of sea spray aerosol are linked.
Adam Milsom, Shaojun Qi, Ashmi Mishra, Thomas Berkemeier, Zhenyu Zhang, and Christian Pfrang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10835–10843, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10835-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10835-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosols and films are found indoors and outdoors. Our study measures and models reactions of a cooking aerosol proxy with the atmospheric oxidant ozone relying on a low-cost but sensitive technique based on mass changes and film rigidity. We found that film morphology changed and film rigidity increased with evidence of surface crust formation during ozone exposure. Our modelling results demonstrate clear potential to take this robust method to the field for reaction monitoring.
Shan Zhang, Lin Du, Zhaomin Yang, Narcisse Tsona Tchinda, Jianlong Li, and Kun Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10809–10822, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10809-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10809-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we have investigated the distinct impacts of humidity on the ozonolysis of two structurally different monoterpenes (limonene and Δ3-carene). We found that the molecular structure of precursors can largely influence the SOA formation under high RH by impacting the multi-generation reactions. Our results could advance knowledge on the roles of water content in aerosol formation and inform ongoing research on particle environmental effects and applications in models.
Yangzhihao Zhan, Min Xie, Wei Zhao, Tijian Wang, Da Gao, Pulong Chen, Jun Tian, Kuanguang Zhu, Shu Li, Bingliang Zhuang, Mengmeng Li, Yi Luo, and Runqi Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9837–9852, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9837-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9837-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Although the main source contribution of pollution is secondary inorganic aerosols in Nanjing, health risks mainly come from industry sources and vehicle emissions. Therefore, the development of megacities should pay more attention to the health burden of vehicle emissions, coal combustion, and industrial processes. This study provides new insight into assessing the relationship between source apportionment and health risks and can provide valuable insight into air pollution strategies.
Jonathan P. D. Abbatt and A. R. Ravishankara
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9765–9785, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9765-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9765-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
With important climate and air quality impacts, atmospheric multiphase chemistry involves gas interactions with aerosol particles and cloud droplets. We summarize the status of the field and discuss potential directions for future growth. We highlight the importance of a molecular-level understanding of the chemistry, along with atmospheric field studies and modeling, and emphasize the necessity for atmospheric multiphase chemists to interact widely with scientists from neighboring disciplines.
Zhancong Liang, Zhihao Cheng, Ruifeng Zhang, Yiming Qin, and Chak K. Chan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9585–9595, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9585-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9585-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we found that the photolysis of sodium nitrate leads to a much quicker decay of free amino acids (FAAs, with glycine as an example) in the particle phase than ammonium nitrate photolysis, which is likely due to the molecular interactions between FAAs and different nitrate salts. Since sodium nitrate likely co-exists with FAAs in the coarse-mode particles, particulate nitrate photolysis can possibly contribute to a rapid decay of FAAs and affect atmospheric nitrogen cycling.
Julian Resch, Kate Wolfer, Alexandre Barth, and Markus Kalberer
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9161–9171, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9161-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9161-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Detailed chemical analysis of organic aerosols is necessary to better understand their effects on climate and health. Aerosol samples are often stored for days to months before analysis. We examined the effects of storage conditions (i.e., time, temperature, and aerosol storage on filters or as solvent extracts) on composition and found significant changes in the concentration of individual compounds, indicating that sample storage can strongly affect the detailed chemical particle composition.
Cited articles
Abbatt, J. P. D., Lee, A. K. Y., and Thornton, J. A.: Quantifying trace gas
uptake to tropospheric aerosol: recent advances and remaining challenges,
Chem. Soc. Rev., 41, 6555–6581, 2012.
Abramson, E., Imre, D., Beranek, J., Wilson, J. M., and Zelenyuk, A.:
Experimental determination of chemical diffusion within secondary organic
aerosol particles, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 15, 2983–2991, 2013.
Aiken, A. C., DeCarlo, P. F., Kroll, J. H., Worsnop, D. R., Huffman, J. A.,
Docherty, K. S., Ulbrich, I. M., Mohr, C., Kimmel, J. R., Sueper, D., Sun,
Y., Zhang, Q., Trimborn, A., Northway, M., Ziemann, P. J., Canagaratna, M.
R., Onasch, T. B., Alfarra, M. R., Prevot, A. S. H., Dommen, J., Duplissy,
J., Metzger, A., Baltensperger, U., and Jimenez, J. L.: O/C and OM/OC Ratios
of Primary, Secondary, and Ambient Organic Aerosols with High-Resolution
Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometry, Environ. Sci. Technol., 42,
4478–4485, 2008.
Angell, C.: Relaxation in liquids, polymers and plastic
crystals – strong/fragile patterns and problems, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 131,
13–31, 1991.
Angell, C. A.: Formation of glasses from liquids and biopolymers, Science,
267, 1924–1935, 1995.
Angell, C. A.: Entropy and fragility in supercooling liquids, National
Institute of Standards and Technology, J. Res., 102, 171–185, 1997.
Angell, C. A.: Liquid Fragility and the Glass Transition in Water and
Aqueous Solutions, Chem. Rev., 102, 2627–2650, 2002.
Angell, C. A., Bressel, R. D., Green, J. L., Kanno, H., Oguni, M., and Sare,
E. J.: Liquid fragility and the glass transition in water and aqueous
solutions, J. Food Eng., 22, 115–142, 1994.
Arangio, A. M., Slade, J. H., Berkemeier, T., Pöschl, U., Knopf, D. A.,
and Shiraiwa, M.: Multiphase Chemical Kinetics of OH Radical Uptake by
Molecular Organic Markers of Biomass Burning Aerosols: Humidity and
Temperature Dependence, Surface Reaction and Bulk Diffusion, J. Phys. Chem.
A, 119, 4533–4544, 2015.
Atkins, P. W.: Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1998.
Bastelberger, S., Krieger, U. K., Luo, B., and Peter, T.: Diffusivity
measurements of volatile organics in levitated viscous aerosol particles,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 8453–8471, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8453-2017,
2017.
Bateman, A. P., Laskin, J., Laskin, A., and Nizkorodov, S. A.: Applications
of High-Resolution Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry to Measurements
of Average Oxygen to Carbon Ratios in Secondary Organic Aerosols, Environ.
Sci. Technol., 46, 8315–8324, 2012.
Bateman, A. P., Bertram, A. K., and Martin, S. T.: Hygroscopic Influence on
the Semisolid-to-Liquid Transition of Secondary Organic Materials, J. Phys.
Chem. A, 119, 4386–4395, 2015.
Bateman, A. P., Laskin, J., Laskin, A., and Nizkorodov, S. A.: Sub-micrometre
particulate matter is primarily in liquid form over Amazon rainforest, Nat.
Geosci., 9, 34–37, 2016.
Baustian, K. J., Wise, M. E., Jensen, E. J., Schill, G. P., Freedman, M. A.,
and Tolbert, M. A.: State transformations and ice nucleation in amorphous
(semi-)solid organic aerosol, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 5615–5628,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-5615-2013, 2013.
Berkemeier, T., Shiraiwa, M., Pöschl, U., and Koop, T.: Competition between
water uptake and ice nucleation by glassy organic aerosol particles, Atmos.
Chem. Phys., 14, 12513–12531, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12513-2014,
2014.
Berkemeier, T., Steimer, S., Krieger, U. K., Peter, T., Poschl, U., Ammann,
M., and Shiraiwa, M.: Ozone uptake on glassy, semi-solid and liquid organic
matter and the role of reactive oxygen intermediates in atmospheric aerosol
chemistry, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 18, 12662–12674, 2016.
Boehmer, R., Ngai, K. L., Angell, C. A., and Plazek, D. J.: Nonexponential
relaxations in strong and fragile glass formers, J. Chem. Phys., 99,
4201–4209, 1993.
Bones, D. L., Reid, J. P., Lienhard, D. M., and Krieger, U. K.: Comparing
the mechanism of water condensation and evaporation in glassy aerosol, P.
Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 109, 11613–11618, 2012.
Booth, A. M., Murphy, B., Riipinen, I., Percival, C. J., and Topping, D. O.:
Connecting Bulk Viscosity Measurements to Kinetic Limitations on Attaining
Equilibrium for a Model Aerosol Composition, Environ. Sci. Technol., 48,
9298–9305, 2014.
Cappa, C. D. and Wilson, K. R.: Evolution of organic aerosol mass spectra
upon heating: implications for OA phase and partitioning behavior, Atmos.
Chem. Phys., 11, 1895–1911, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-1895-2011, 2011.
Cappa, C. D. and Wilson, K. R.: Multi-generation gas-phase oxidation,
equilibrium partitioning, and the formation and evolution of secondary
organic aerosol, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 9505–9528,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-9505-2012, 2012.
Champion, D., Le Meste, M., and Simatos, D.: Towards an improved
understanding of glass transition and relaxations in foods: molecular
mobility in the glass transition range, Trends Food Sci. Technol., 11,
41–55, 2000.
Chen, Q., Liu, Y., Donahue, N. M., Shilling, J. E., and Martin, S. T.:
Particle-Phase Chemistry of Secondary Organic Material: Modeled Compared to
Measured O:C and H:C Elemental Ratios Provide Constraints, Environ. Sci.
Technol., 45, 4763–4770, 2011.
Chenyakin, Y., Ullmann, D. A., Evoy, E., Renbaum-Wolff, L., Kamal, S., and
Bertram, A. K.: Diffusion coefficients of organic molecules in sucrose–water
solutions and comparison with Stokes–Einstein predictions, Atmos. Chem.
Phys., 17, 2423–2435, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2423-2017, 2017.
Davies, J. F. and Wilson, K. R.: Nanoscale interfacial gradients formed by
the reactive uptake of OH radicals onto viscous aerosol surfaces, Chem. Sci.,
6, 7020–7027, 2015.
Dette, H. P. and Koop, T.: Glass Formation Processes in Mixed
Inorganic/Organic Aerosol Particles, J. Phys. Chem. A, 119, 4552–4561, 2015.
Dette, H. P., Qi, M., Schröder, D. C., Godt, A., and Koop, T.:
Glass-forming properties of 3-Methylbutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid and its
mixtures with water and pinonic acid, J. Phys. Chem. A, 118, 7024–7033,
2014.
Donahue, N. M., Robinson, A. L., Stanier, C. O., and Pandis, S. N.: Coupled
partitioning, dilution, and chemical aging of semivolatile organics, Environ.
Sci. Technol., 40, 2635–2643, 2006.
Donahue, N. M., Epstein, S. A., Pandis, S. N., and Robinson, A. L.: A
two-dimensional volatility basis set: 1. organic-aerosol mixing
thermodynamics, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 3303–3318,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-3303-2011, 2011.
Einstein, A.: The motion of elements suspended in static liquids as claimed
in the molecular kinetic theory of heat, Ann. Phys., 17, 549–560, 1905.
Fox Jr., T. G. and Flory, P. J.: Second order transition temperatures and
related properties of polystyrene. I. Influence of molecular weight, J. Appl.
Phys., 21, 581–591, 1950.
Gao, S., Ng, N. L., Keywood, M., Varutbangkul, V., Bahreini, R., Nenes, A.,
He, J. W., Yoo, K. Y., Beauchamp, J. L., Hodyss, R. P., Flagan, R. C., and
Seinfeld, J. H.: Particle phase acidity and oligomer formation in secondary
organic aerosol, Environ. Sci. Technol., 38, 6582–6589, 2004.
Gaston, C. J., Riedel, T. P., Zhang, Z., Gold, A., Surratt, J. D., and
Thornton, J. A.: Reactive Uptake of an Isoprene-Derived Epoxydiol to
Submicron Aerosol Particles, Environ. Sci. Technol., 48, 11178–11186, 2014.
Goldstein, A. H. and Galbally, I. E.: Known and unexplored organic
constituents in the earth's atmosphere, Environ. Sci. Technol., 41,
1514–1521, 2007.
Gorkowski, K., Donahue, N. M., and Sullivan, R. C.: Emulsified and
Liquid–Liquid Phase-Separated States of α-Pinene Secondary Organic
Aerosol Determined Using Aerosol Optical Tweezers, Environ. Sci. Technol.,
51, 12154–12163, 2017.
Grayson, J. W., Zhang, Y., Mutzel, A., Renbaum-Wolff, L., Böge, O., Kamal,
S., Herrmann, H., Martin, S. T., and Bertram, A. K.: Effect of varying
experimental conditions on the viscosity of α-pinene derived secondary
organic material, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 6027–6040,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6027-2016, 2016.
Grayson, J. W., Evoy, E., Song, M., Chu, Y., Maclean, A., Nguyen, A., Upshur,
M. A., Ebrahimi, M., Chan, C. K., Geiger, F. M., Thomson, R. J., and Bertram,
A. K.: The effect of hydroxyl functional groups and molar mass on the
viscosity of non-crystalline organic and organic–water particles, Atmos.
Chem. Phys., 17, 8509–8524, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8509-2017, 2017.
Gunthe, S. S., King, S. M., Rose, D., Chen, Q., Roldin, P., Farmer, D. K.,
Jimenez, J. L., Artaxo, P., Andreae, M. O., Martin, S. T., and Pöschl, U.:
Cloud condensation nuclei in pristine tropical rainforest air of Amazonia:
size-resolved measurements and modeling of atmospheric aerosol composition
and CCN activity, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 7551–7575,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-7551-2009, 2009.
Hancock, B. C. and Zografi, G.: The relationship between the glass
transition temperature and the water content of amorphous pharmaceutical
solids, Pharm. Res., 11, 471–477, 1994.
Hildebrandt Ruiz, L., Paciga, A. L., Cerully, K. M., Nenes, A., Donahue, N.
M., and Pandis, S. N.: Formation and aging of secondary organic aerosol from
toluene: changes in chemical composition, volatility, and hygroscopicity,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 8301–8313, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-8301-2015,
2015.
Hinks, M. L., Brady, M. V., Lignell, H., Song, M., Grayson, J. W., Bertram, A. K., Lin, P., Laskin, A., Laskin, J., and Nizkorodov, S. A.: Effect of viscosity on
photodegradation rates in complex secondary organic aerosol materials, Phys.
Chem. Chem. Phys., 18, 8785–8793, 2016.
Hinks, M. L., Montoya-Aguilera, J., Ellison, L., Lin, P., Laskin, A., Laskin,
J., Shiraiwa, M., Dabdub, D., and Nizkorodov, S. A.: Effect of relative
humidity on the composition of secondary organic aerosol from the oxidation
of toluene, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 1643–1652,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-1643-2018, 2018.
Hosny, N. A., Fitzgerald, C., Vysniauskas, A., Athanasiadis, A., Berkemeier, T., Uygur, N., Poschl, U., Shiraiwa, M., Kalberer, M., Pope, F. D., and Kuimova, M. K.: Direct imaging of
changes in aerosol particle viscosity upon hydration and chemical aging,
Chem. Sci., 7, 1357–1367, 2016.
Huang, D. and McKenna, G. B.: New insights into the fragility dilemma in
liquids, J. Chem. Phys., 114, 5621–5630, 2001.
Huang, W., Saathoff, H., Pajunoja, A., Shen, X., Naumann, K.-H., Wagner, R.,
Virtanen, A., Leisner, T., and Mohr, C.: α-Pinene secondary organic
aerosol at low temperature: chemical composition and implications for
particle viscosity, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 2883–2898,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-2883-2018, 2018.
Ignatius, K., Kristensen, T. B., Järvinen, E., Nichman, L., Fuchs, C.,
Gordon, H., Herenz, P., Hoyle, C. R., Duplissy, J., Garimella, S., Dias, A.,
Frege, C., Höppel, N., Tröstl, J., Wagner, R., Yan, C., Amorim, A.,
Baltensperger, U., Curtius, J., Donahue, N. M., Gallagher, M. W., Kirkby, J.,
Kulmala, M., Möhler, O., Saathoff, H., Schnaiter, M., Tomé, A., Virtanen,
A., Worsnop, D., and Stratmann, F.: Heterogeneous ice nucleation of viscous
secondary organic aerosol produced from ozonolysis of a-pinene, Atmos. Chem.
Phys., 16, 6495–6509, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6495-2016, 2016.
Itoh, N., Aoyagi, Y., and Yarita, T.: Optimization of the dopant for the
trace determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by liquid
chromatography/dopant-assisted atmospheric-pressure photoionization/mass
spectrometry, J. Chromatogr. A, 1131, 285–288, 2006.
Jain, S. and Petrucci, G. A.: A New Method to Measure Aerosol Particle
Bounce Using a Cascade Electrical Low Pressure Impactor, Aerosol Sci. Tech.,
49, 390–399, 2015.
Jain, S., Fischer, B. K., and Petrucci, A. G.: The Influence of Absolute
Mass Loading of Secondary Organic Aerosols on Their Phase State, Atmosphere,
9, 131, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos9040131, 2018.
Jathar, S. H., Cappa, C. D., Wexler, A. S., Seinfeld, J. H., and Kleeman, M.
J.: Multi-generational oxidation model to simulate secondary organic aerosol
in a 3-D air quality model, Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 2553–2567,
https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-2553-2015, 2015.
Kidd, C., Perraud, V., Wingen, L. M., and Finlayson-Pitts, B. J.:
Integrating phase and composition of secondary organic aerosol from the
ozonolysis of alpha-pinene, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 111, 7552–7557, 2014.
Kiontke, A., Oliveira-Birkmeier, A., Opitz, A., and Birkemeyer, C.:
Electrospray ionization efficiency is dependent on different molecular
descriptors with respect to solvent ph and instrumental configuration, PLoS
One, 11, e0167502/0167501–e0167502/0167516, 2016.
Knopf, D. A., Alpert, P. A., and Wang, B.: The Role of Organic Aerosol in
Atmospheric Ice Nucleation: A Review, ACS Earth and Space Chemistry,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.7b00120, 2018.
Koop, T., Bookhold, J., Shiraiwa, M., and Pöschl, U.: Glass transition
and phase state of organic compounds: dependency on molecular properties and
implications for secondary organic aerosols in the atmosphere, Phys. Chem.
Chem. Phys., 13, 19238–19255, 2011.
Kuwata, M. and Martin, S. T.: Phase of atmospheric secondary organic
material affects its reactivity, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 109, 17354–17359,
2012.
Kuwata, M., Zorn, S. R., and Martin, S. T.: Using elemental ratios to
predict the density of organic material composed of carbon, hydrogen, and
oxygen, Environ. Sci. Technol., 46, 787–794, 2012.
Lambe, A. T., Ahern, A. T., Williams, L. R., Slowik, J. G., Wong, J. P. S.,
Abbatt, J. P. D., Brune, W. H., Ng, N. L., Wright, J. P., Croasdale, D. R.,
Worsnop, D. R., Davidovits, P., and Onasch, T. B.: Characterization of
aerosol photooxidation flow reactors: heterogeneous oxidation, secondary
organic aerosol formation and cloud condensation nuclei activity
measurements, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 4, 445–461,
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-4-445-2011, 2011a.
Lambe, A. T., Onasch, T. B., Massoli, P., Croasdale, D. R., Wright, J. P.,
Ahern, A. T., Williams, L. R., Worsnop, D. R., Brune, W. H., and Davidovits,
P.: Laboratory studies of the chemical composition and cloud condensation
nuclei (CCN) activity of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and oxidized primary
organic aerosol (OPOA), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 8913–8928,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-8913-2011, 2011b.
Li, Y., Pöschl, U., and Shiraiwa, M.: Molecular corridors and
parameterizations of volatility in the chemical evolution of organic
aerosols, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 3327–3344,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-3327-2016, 2016.
Li, Y. J., Liu, P., Gong, Z., Wang, Y., Bateman, A. P., Bergoend, C.,
Bertram, A. K., and Martin, S. T.: Chemical Reactivity and Liquid/Nonliquid
States of Secondary Organic Material, Environ. Sci. Technol., 49,
13264–13274, 2015.
Lienhard, D. M., Huisman, A. J., Krieger, U. K., Rudich, Y., Marcolli, C.,
Luo, B. P., Bones, D. L., Reid, J. P., Lambe, A. T., Canagaratna, M. R.,
Davidovits, P., Onasch, T. B., Worsnop, D. R., Steimer, S. S., Koop, T., and
Peter, T.: Viscous organic aerosol particles in the upper troposphere:
diffusivity-controlled water uptake and ice nucleation?, Atmos. Chem. Phys.,
15, 13599–13613, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-13599-2015, 2015.
Lignell, H., Hinks, M. L., and Nizkorodov, S. A.: Exploring matrix effects
on photochemistry of organic aerosols, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 111,
13780–13785, 2014.
Lin, Y.-H., Zhang, H., Pye, H. O. T., Zhang, Z., Marth, W. J., Park, S., Arashiro, M., Cui, T., Budisulistiorini, S. H., Sexton, K. G.,
Vizuete, W., Xie, Y., Luecken, D. J., Piletic, I. R., Edney, E. O., Bartolotti, L. J., Gold, A., and Surratt, J. D.: Epoxide as a precursor to
secondary organic aerosol formation from isoprene photooxidation in the
presence of nitrogen oxides, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 110, 6718–6723, 2013.
Liu, P., Li, Y. J., Wang, Y., Gilles, M. K., Zaveri, R. A., Bertram, A. K.,
and Martin, S. T.: Lability of secondary organic particulate matter, P. Natl.
Acad. Sci. USA, 113, 12643–12648, 2016.
Liu, P., Li, Y. J., Wang, Y., Bateman, A. P., Zhang, Y., Gong, Z., Bertram,
A. K., and Martin, S. T.: Highly Viscous States Affect the Browning of
Atmospheric Organic Particulate Matter, ACS Central Science, 4, 207–215,
2018.
Loza, C. L., Coggon, M. M., Nguyen, T. B., Zuend, A., Flagan, R. C., and
Seinfeld, J. H.: On the mixing and evaporation of secondary organic aerosol
components, Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, 6173–6180, 2013.
Maclean, A. M., Butenhoff, C. L., Grayson, J. W., Barsanti, K., Jimenez, J.
L., and Bertram, A. K.: Mixing times of organic molecules within secondary
organic aerosol particles: a global planetary boundary layer perspective,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 13037–13048,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-13037-2017, 2017.
Mai, H., Shiraiwa, M., Flagan, R. C., and Seinfeld, J. H.: Under What
Conditions Can Equilibrium Gas–Particle Partitioning Be Expected to Hold in
the Atmosphere?, Environ. Sci. Technol., 49, 11485–11491, 2015.
Marshall, F. H., Miles, R. E. H., Song, Y.-C., Ohm, P. B., Power, R. M.,
Reid, J. P., and Dutcher, C. S.: Diffusion and reactivity in ultraviscous
aerosol and the correlation with particle viscosity, Chem. Sci., 7,
1298–1308, 2016.
Matsushima, S., Takano, A., Takahashi, Y., and Matsushita, Y.: Precise
synthesis of a series of poly(4-n-alkylstyrene)s and their glass transition
temperatures, J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Phys., 55, 757–763, 2017.
Metatla, N. and Soldera, A.: The Vogel- Fulcher- Tamman Equation
Investigated by Atomistic Simulation with Regard to the Adam- Gibbs Model,
Macromolecules, 40, 9680–9685, 2007.
Mikhailov, E., Vlasenko, S., Martin, S. T., Koop, T., and Pöschl, U.:
Amorphous and crystalline aerosol particles interacting with water vapor:
conceptual framework and experimental evidence for restructuring, phase
transitions and kinetic limitations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 9491–9522,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-9491-2009, 2009.
Montserrat, S. and Colomer, P.: The effect of the molecular weight on the
glass transition temperature in amorphous poly(ethylene terephthalate),
Polym. Bull., 12, 173–180, 1984.
Mu, Q., Shiraiwa, M., Octaviani, M., Ma, N., Ding, A., Su, H., Lammel, G.,
Pöschl, U., and Cheng, Y.: Temperature effect on phase state and
reactivity controls atmospheric multiphase chemistry and transport of PAHs,
Science Advances, 4, eaap7314, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aap7314,
2018.
Murray, B. J., Wilson, T. W., Dobbie, S., Cui, Z. Q., Al-Jumur, S., Mohler,
O., Schnaiter, M., Wagner, R., Benz, S., Niemand, M., Saathoff, H., Ebert,
V., Wagner, S., and Karcher, B.: Heterogeneous nucleation of ice particles on
glassy aerosols under cirrus conditions, Nat. Geosci., 3, 233–237, 2010.
Nakanishi, M. and Nozaki, R.: Systematic study of the glass transition in
polyhydric alcohols, Phys. Rev. E, 83, 051503,
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.83.051503, 2011.
Nguyen, T. B., Nizkorodov, S. A., Laskin, A., and Laskin, J.: An approach
toward quantification of organic compounds in complex environmental samples
using high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, Anal.
Methods, 5, 72–80, 2013.
Nizkorodov, S. A., Laskin, J., and Laskin, A.: Molecular chemistry of
organic aerosols through the application of high resolution mass
spectrometry, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 13, 3612–3629, 2011.
Nozière, B., Kalberer, M., Claeys, M., Allan, J., D'Anna, B., Decesari, S.,
Finessi, E., Glasius, M., Grgić, I., Hamilton, J. F., Hoffmann, T., Iinuma,
Y., Jaoui, M., Kahnt, A., Kampf, C. J., Kourtchev, I., Maenhaut, W., Marsden,
N., Saarikoski, S., Schnelle-Kreis, J., Surratt, J. D., Szidat, S.,
Szmigielski, R., and Wisthaler, A.: The Molecular Identification of Organic
Compounds in the Atmosphere: State of the Art and Challenges, Chem. Rev.,
115, 3919–3983, 2015.
O'Connell, P. A. and McKenna, G. B.: Arrhenius-type temperature dependence
of the segmental relaxation below T g, J. Chem. Phys., 110, 11054–11060,
1999.
Onder, K., Peters, R. H., and Spark, L. C.: Melting and transition phenomena
in some polyester-urethanes, Polymer, 13, 133–139, 1972.
Pajunoja, A., Malila, J., Hao, L., Joutsensaari, J., Lehtinen, K. E. J., and
Virtanen, A.: Estimating the viscosity range of SOA particles based on their
coalescence time, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 48, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2013.870325,
2014.
Pajunoja, A., Lambe, A. T., Hakala, J., Rastak, N., Cummings, M. J., Brogan, J. F., Hao, L., Paramonov, M., Hong, J., and Prisle, N. L.: Adsorptive uptake of water
by semisolid secondary organic aerosols, Geophys. Res. Lett., 42, 3063–3068,
2015.
Pankow, J. F.: An absorption model of gas-particle partitioning of
organic-compounds in the atmosphere, Atmos. Environ., 28, 185–188, 1994.
Papadopoulos, P., Floudas, G., Chi, C., and Wegner, G.: Molecular dynamics
of oligofluorenes: A dielectric spectroscopy investigation, J. Chem. Phys.,
120, 2368–2374, 2004.
Perraud, V., Bruns, E. A., Ezell, M. J., Johnson, S. N., Yu, Y., Alexander,
M. L., Zelenyuk, A., Imre, D., Chang, W. L., Dabdub, D., Pankow, J. F., and
Finlayson-Pitts, B. J.: Nonequilibrium atmospheric secondary organic aerosol
formation and growth, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 109, 2836–2841, 2012.
Petters, M. D. and Kreidenweis, S. M.: A single parameter representation of
hygroscopic growth and cloud condensation nucleus activity, Atmos. Chem.
Phys., 7, 1961–1971, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-1961-2007, 2007.
Petters, S. S., Pagonis, D., Claflin, M. S., Levin, E. J. T., Petters, M.
D., Ziemann, P. J., and Kreidenweis, S. M.: Hygroscopicity of Organic
Compounds as a Function of Carbon Chain Length and Carboxyl, Hydroperoxy, and
Carbonyl Functional Groups, J. Phys. Chem. A, 121, 5164–5174, 2017.
Power, R. M., Simpson, S. H., Reid, J. P., and Hudson, A. J.: The transition
from liquid to solid-like behaviour in ultrahigh viscosity aerosol particles,
Chem. Sci., 4, 2597–2604, 2013.
Pratap, V., Chen, Y., Yao, G., and Nakao, S.: Temperature effects on
multiphase reactions of organic molecular markers: A modeling study, Atmos.
Environ., 179, 40–48, 2018.
Price, H. C., Murray, B. J., Mattsson, J., O'Sullivan, D., Wilson, T. W.,
Baustian, K. J., and Benning, L. G.: Quantifying water diffusion in
high-viscosity and glassy aqueous solutions using a Raman isotope tracer
method, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 3817–3830,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-3817-2014, 2014.
Price, H. C., Mattsson, J., and Murray, B. J.: Sucrose diffusion in aqueous
solution, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 18, 19207–19216, 2016.
Putman, A. L., Offenberg, J. H., Fisseha, R., Kundu, S., Rahn, T. A., and
Mazzoleni, L. R.: Ultrahigh-resolution FT-ICR mass spectrometry
characterization of α-pinene ozonolysis SOA, Atmos. Environ., 46,
164–172, 2012.
Raffaelli, A. and Saba, A.: Atmospheric pressure photoionization mass
spectrometry, Mass Spectrom. Rev., 22, 318–331, 2003.
Reid, J. P., Bertram, A. K., Topping, D. O., Laskin, A., Martin, S. T.,
Petters, M. D., Pope, F. D., and Rovelli, G.: The viscosity of
atmospherically relevant organic particles, Nat. Commun., 9, 956,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03027-z, 2018.
Renbaum-Wolff, L., Grayson, J. W., Bateman, A. P., Kuwata, K., Sellier, M.,
Murray, B. J., Schilling, J. E., Martin, S. T., and Bertram, A. K.: Viscosity
of α-pinene secondary organic material and implications for particle
growth and reactivity, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 110, 8014–8019, 2013.
Roach, P. J., Laskin, J., and Laskin, A.: Molecular Characterization of
Organic Aerosols Using Nanospray-Desorption/Electrospray Ionization-Mass
Spectrometry, Anal. Chem., 82, 7979–7986, 2010a.
Roach, P. J., Laskin, J., and Laskin, A.: Nanospray desorption electrospray
ionization: an ambient method for liquid-extraction surface sampling in mass
spectrometry, Analyst, 135, 2233–2236, 2010b.
Roldin, P., Eriksson, A. C., Nordin, E. Z., Hermansson, E., Mogensen, D.,
Rusanen, A., Boy, M., Swietlicki, E., Svenningsson, B., Zelenyuk, A., and
Pagels, J.: Modelling non-equilibrium secondary organic aerosol formation and
evaporation with the aerosol dynamics, gas- and particle-phase chemistry
kinetic multilayer model ADCHAM, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 7953–7993,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-7953-2014, 2014.
Roos, Y.: Melting and glass transitions of low molecular weight
carbohydrates, Carbohyd. Res., 238, 39–48, 1993.
Rothfuss, N. E. and Petters, M. D.: Influence of Functional Groups on the
Viscosity of Organic Aerosol, Environ. Sci. Technol., 51, 271–279, 2017a.
Rothfuss, N. E. and Petters, M. D.: Characterization of the temperature and
humidity-dependent phase diagram of amorphous nanoscale organic aerosols,
Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 19, 6532–6545, 2017b.
Sastri, S. R. S. and Rao, K. K.: A new group contribution method for
predicting viscosity of organic liquids, Chem. Eng. J., 50, 9–25, 1992.
Saukko, E., Lambe, A. T., Massoli, P., Koop, T., Wright, J. P., Croasdale, D.
R., Pedernera, D. A., Onasch, T. B., Laaksonen, A., Davidovits, P., Worsnop,
D. R., and Virtanen, A.: Humidity-dependent phase state of SOA particles from
biogenic and anthropogenic precursors, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 7517–7529,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-7517-2012, 2012.
Schill, G. P. and Tolbert, M. A.: Heterogeneous ice nucleation on
phase-separated organic-sulfate particles: effect of liquid vs. glassy
coatings, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 4681–4695,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-4681-2013, 2013.
Schill, G. P., De Haan, D. O., and Tolbert, M. A.: Heterogeneous Ice
Nucleation on Simulated Secondary Organic Aerosol, Environ. Sci. Technol.,
48, 1675–1682, 2014.
Schmelzer, J. W. P. and Gutzow, I. S.: Glasses and the Glass Transition,
Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany, 2011.
Seinfeld, J. H. and Pandis, S. N.: Atmospheric chemistry and physics – From
air pollution to climate change, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 2006.
Selimovic, V., Yokelson, R. J., Warneke, C., Roberts, J. M., de Gouw, J.,
Reardon, J., and Griffith, D. W. T.: Aerosol optical properties and trace gas
emissions by PAX and OP-FTIR for laboratory-simulated western US wildfires
during FIREX, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 2929–2948,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-2929-2018, 2018.
Shiraiwa, M. and Seinfeld, J. H.: Equilibration timescale of atmospheric
secondary organic aerosol partitioning, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L24801,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL054008, 2012.
Shiraiwa, M., Ammann, M., Koop, T., and Pöschl, U.: Gas uptake and
chemical aging of semisolid organic aerosol particles, P. Natl. Acad. Sci.
USA, 108, 11003–11008, 2011.
Shiraiwa, M., Yee, L. D., Schilling, K. A., Loza, C. L., Craven, J. S.,
Zuend, A., Ziemann, P. J., and Seinfeld, J. H.: Size distribution dynamics
reveal particle-phase chemistry in organic aerosol formation, P. Natl. Acad.
Sci. USA, 110, 11746–11750, 2013.
Shiraiwa, M., Berkemeier, T., Schilling-Fahnestock, K. A., Seinfeld, J. H.,
and Pöschl, U.: Molecular corridors and kinetic regimes in the multiphase
chemical evolution of secondary organic aerosol, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14,
8323–8341, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-8323-2014, 2014.
Shiraiwa, M., Li, Y., Tsimpidi, A. P., Karydis, V. A., Berkemeier, T.,
Pandis, S. N., Lelieveld, J., Koop, T., and Pöschl, U.: Global
distribution of particle phase state in atmospheric secondary organic
aerosols, Nat. Commun., 8, 15002, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms15002, 2017.
Shrivastava, M., Cappa, C. D., Fan, J., Goldstein, A. H., Guenther, A. B.,
Jimenez, J. L., Kuang, C., Laskin, A., Martin, S. T., Ng, N. L., Petaja, T.,
Pierce, J. R., Rasch, P. J., Roldin, P., Seinfeld, J. H., Shilling, J.,
Smith, J. N., Thornton, J. A., Volkamer, R., Wang, J., Worsnop, D. R.,
Zaveri, R. A., Zelenyuk, A., and Zhang, Q.: Recent advances in understanding
secondary organic aerosol: Implications for global climate forcing, Rev.
Geophys., 55, 509–559, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016RG000540, 2017a.
Shrivastava, M., Lou, S., Zelenyuk, A., Easter, R. C., Corley, R. A., Thrall, B. D., Rasch, P. J., Fast, J. D., Massey Simonich, S. L., Shen, H., and Tao, S.: Global long-range transport
and lung cancer risk from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons shielded by
coatings of organic aerosol, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 114, 1246–1251, 2017b.
Slade, J. H. and Knopf, D. A.: Multiphase OH Oxidation Kinetics of Organic
Aerosol: The Role of Particle Phase State and Relative Humidity, Geophys.
Res. Lett., 41, 2014GL060582, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL060582, 2014.
Song, M., Liu, P. F., Hanna, S. J., Li, Y. J., Martin, S. T., and Bertram, A.
K.: Relative humidity-dependent viscosities of isoprene-derived secondary
organic material and atmospheric implications for isoprene-dominant forests,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 5145–5159, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-5145-2015,
2015.
Song, M., Liu, P. F., Hanna, S. J., Zaveri, R. A., Potter, K., You, Y.,
Martin, S. T., and Bertram, A. K.: Relative humidity-dependent viscosity of
secondary organic material from toluene photo-oxidation and possible
implications for organic particulate matter over megacities, Atmos. Chem.
Phys., 16, 8817–8830, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-8817-2016, 2016a.
Song, Y. C., Haddrell, A. E., Bzdek, B. R., Reid, J. P., Bannan, T.,
Topping, D. O., Percival, C., and Cai, C.: Measurements and Predictions of
Binary Component Aerosol Particle Viscosity, J. Phys. Chem. A, 120,
8123–8137, 2016b.
Surratt, J. D., Chan, A. W. H., Eddingsaas, N. C., Chan, M. N., Loza, C. L., Kwan, A. J., Hersey, S. P., Flagan, R. C., Wennberg, P. O., and Seinfeld, J. H.: Reactive
intermediates revealed in secondary organic aerosol formation from isoprene,
P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 107, 6640–6645, 2010.
Tolocka, M. P., Jang, M., Ginter, J. M., Cox, F. J., Kamens, R. M., and
Johnston, M. V.: Formation of oligomers in secondary organic aerosol,
Environ. Sci. Technol., 38, 1428–1434, 2004.
US-EPA: Estimation programs interface suite for microsoft windows, 2012.
Vaden, T. D., Imre, D., Beranek, J., Shrivastava, M., and Zelenyuk, A.:
Evaporation kinetics and phase of laboratory and ambient secondary organic
aerosol, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 108, 2190–2195, 2011.
van der Sman, R. G. M.: Predictions of Glass Transition Temperature for
Hydrogen Bonding Biomaterials, J. Phys. Chem. B, 117, 16303–16313, 2013.
Virtanen, A., Joutsensaari, J., Koop, T., Kannosto, J., Yli-Pirilä, P.,
Leskinen, J., Mäkelä, J. M., Holopainen, J. K., Pöschl, U. and Kulmala,
M.: An amorphous solid state of biogenic secondary organic aerosol particles,
Nature, 467, 824–827, 2010.
Wagner, R., Möhler, O., Saathoff, H., Schnaiter, M., Skrotzki, J., Leisner,
T., Wilson, T. W., Malkin, T. L., and Murray, B. J.: Ice cloud processing of
ultra-viscous/glassy aerosol particles leads to enhanced ice nucleation
ability, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 8589–8610,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-8589-2012, 2012.
Wang, B., O'Brien, R. E., Kelly, S. T., Shilling, J. E., Moffet, R. C.,
Gilles, M. K., and Laskin, A.: Reactivity of Liquid and Semisolid Secondary
Organic Carbon with Chloride and Nitrate in Atmospheric Aerosols, J. Phys.
Chem. A, 119, 4498–4508, 2015.
Wang, B. B., Lambe, A. T., Massoli, P., Onasch, T. B., Davidovits, P.,
Worsnop, D. R., and Knopf, D. A.: The deposition ice nucleation and immersion
freezing potential of amorphous secondary organic aerosol: Pathways for ice
and mixed-phase cloud formation, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 117, D16209,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2012jd018063, 2012a.
Wang, B. B., Laskin, A., Roedel, T., Gilles, M. K., Moffet, R. C., Tivanski,
A. V., and Knopf, D. A.: Heterogeneous ice nucleation and water uptake by
field-collected atmospheric particles below 273 K, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.,
117, D00v19, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012jd017446, 2012b.
White, R. P. and Lipson, J. E. G.: Polymer free volume and its connection
to the glass transition, Macromolecules, 49, 3987–4007, 2016.
Williams, M. L., Landel, R. F., and Ferry, J. D.: The temperature dependence
of relaxation mechanisms in amorphous polymers and other glass-forming
liquids, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 77, 3701–3707, 1955.
Wilson, T. W., Murray, B. J., Wagner, R., Möhler, O., Saathoff, H.,
Schnaiter, M., Skrotzki, J., Price, H. C., Malkin, T. L., Dobbie, S., and
Al-Jumur, S. M. R. K.: Glassy aerosols with a range of compositions nucleate
ice heterogeneously at cirrus temperatures, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12,
8611–8632, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-8611-2012, 2012.
Ye, Q., Robinson, E. S., Ding, X., Ye, P., Sullivan, R. C., and Donahue, N.
M.: Mixing of secondary organic aerosols versus relative humidity, P. Natl.
Acad. Sci. USA, 113, 12649–12654, 2016.
Ye, Q., Upshur, M. A., Robinson, E. S., Geiger, F. M., Sullivan, R. C.,
Thomson, R. J., and Donahue, N. M.: Following Particle-Particle Mixing in
Atmospheric Secondary Organic Aerosols by Using Isotopically Labeled
Terpenes, Chem, 4, 318–333, 2018.
Yli-Juuti, T., Pajunoja, A., Tikkanen, O.-P., Buchholz, A., Faiola, C., Väisänen, O., Hao, L., Kari, E., Peräkylä, O., Garmash, O., Shiraiwa, M., Ehn, M., Lehtinen, K., and Virtanen, A.:
Factors controlling
the evaporation of secondary organic aerosol from α-pinene
ozonolysis, Geophys. Res. Lett., 44, 2562–2570, 2017.
Zaveri, R. A., Easter, R. C., Shilling, J. E., and Seinfeld, J. H.: Modeling
kinetic partitioning of secondary organic aerosol and size distribution
dynamics: representing effects of volatility, phase state, and particle-phase
reaction, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 5153–5181,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-5153-2014, 2014.
Zaveri, R. A., Shilling, J. E., Zelenyuk, A., Liu, J., Bell, D. M., D'Ambro, E. L., Gaston, C. J., Thornton, J. A., Laskin, A., Lin, P., Wilson, J., Easter, R. C.,
Wang, J., Bertram, A. K., Martin, S. T., Seinfeld, J. H., and Worsnop, D. R.: Growth Kinetics and
Size Distribution Dynamics of Viscous Secondary Organic Aerosol, Environ.
Sci. Technol., 52, 1191–1199, 2018.
Zhang, Y., Sanchez, M. S., Douet, C., Wang, Y., Bateman, A. P., Gong, Z.,
Kuwata, M., Renbaum-Wolff, L., Sato, B. B., Liu, P. F., Bertram, A. K.,
Geiger, F. M., and Martin, S. T.: Changing shapes and implied viscosities of
suspended submicron particles, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 7819–7829,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-7819-2015, 2015.
Zhang, Y., Chen, Y., Lambe, A. T., Olson, N. E., Lei, Z., Craig, R. L., Zhang, Z., Gold, A., Onasch, T. B., Jayne, J. T., Worsnop, D. R., Gaston, C. J.,
Thornton, J. A., Vizuete, W., Ault, A. P., and Surratt, J. D.: Effect of the Aerosol-Phase State
on Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from the Reactive Uptake of
Isoprene-Derived Epoxydiols (IEPOX), Environ. Sci. Tech. Let.,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.8b00044, 2018.
Zhou, S., Shiraiwa, M., McWhinney, R., Pöschl, U., and Abbatt, J. P. D.:
Kinetic limitations in gas-particle reactions arising from slow diffusion in
secondary organic aerosol, Faraday Discuss., 165, 391–406, 2013.
Zobrist, B., Marcolli, C., Pedernera, D. A., and Koop, T.: Do
atmospheric aerosols form glasses?, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 5221–5244, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-5221-2008, 2008.
Zobrist, B., Soonsin, V., Luo, B. P., Krieger, U. K., Marcolli, C., Peter,
T., and Koop, T.: Ultra-slow water diffusion in aqueous sucrose glasses,
Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 13, 3514–3526, 2011.
Short summary
The phase transition of organic particles between glassy and semi-solid states occurs at the glass transition temperature. We developed a method to predict glass transition temperatures and the viscosity of secondary organic aerosols using molecular composition, with consistent results with viscosity measurements. The viscosity of biomass burning particles was also estimated using the chemical composition measured by high-resolution mass spectrometry with two different ionization techniques.
The phase transition of organic particles between glassy and semi-solid states occurs at the...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint