Articles | Volume 22, issue 18
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11987-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11987-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
16 Sep 2022
Research article |
| 16 Sep 2022
| 16 Sep 2022
Impact of present and future aircraft NOx and aerosol emissions on atmospheric composition and associated direct radiative forcing of climate
Etienne Terrenoire
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), UMR
8212, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
now at: Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aérospatiales
(ONERA), DMPE, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, France
Didier A. Hauglustaine
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), UMR
8212, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Yann Cohen
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), UMR
8212, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Anne Cozic
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), UMR
8212, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Richard Valorso
Univ. Paris-Est-Créteil and Université Paris Cité, CNRS, LISA,
94010 Créteil, France
Franck Lefèvre
Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS),
UMR 8190, Paris, France
Sigrun Matthes
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft-und Raumfahrt e.V., DLR
Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen,
82334 Wessling, Germany
Related authors
G. Kiesewetter, J. Borken-Kleefeld, W. Schöpp, C. Heyes, P. Thunis, B. Bessagnet, E. Terrenoire, H. Fagerli, A. Nyiri, and M. Amann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 1539–1553, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1539-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1539-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We describe the multi-stage approach applied in the GAINS model to assess compliance with PM10 limit values at more than 1850 individual air quality monitoring stations in Europe. We analyse source contributions to ambient concentrations and the implications of future policy choices on air quality for 2030. While current legislation does not solve compliance issues, problems are largely eliminated by EU-wide adoption of the best available emission control technology.
E. Terrenoire, B. Bessagnet, L. Rouïl, F. Tognet, G. Pirovano, L. Létinois, M. Beauchamp, A. Colette, P. Thunis, M. Amann, and L. Menut
Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 21–42, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-21-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-21-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
The model reproduces the temporal variability of NO2, O3, PM10, PM2.5 better at rural than urban background stations.
The fractional biases show that the model performs slightly better at RB sites than at UB sites for NO2, O3 and PM10.
At UB sites, CHIMERE reproduces PM2.5 better than PM10.
This is primarily the result of an underestimation of coarse particulate matter (PM) associated with uncertainties on SOA chemistry and their precursor emissions, dust and sea salt.
G. Kiesewetter, J. Borken-Kleefeld, W. Schöpp, C. Heyes, P. Thunis, B. Bessagnet, E. Terrenoire, A. Gsella, and M. Amann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 813–829, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-813-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-813-2014, 2014
Federica Castino, Feijia Yin, Volker Grewe, Hiroshi Yamashita, Sigrun Matthes, Simone Dietmüller, Sabine Baumann, Manuel Soler, Abolfazl Simorgh, Maximilian Mendiguchia Meuser, Florian Linke, and Benjamin Lührs
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 4031–4052, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-4031-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-4031-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We introduce SolFinder 1.0, a decision-making tool to select trade-offs between different objective functions for optimal aircraft trajectories, including fuel use, flight time, NOx emissions, contrail distance, and climate impact. The module is included in the AirTraf 3.0 submodel and uses weather conditions simulated by the EMAC atmospheric model. This paper focuses on the ability of SolFinder to identify eco-efficient trajectories, reducing a flight's climate impact at limited cost penalties.
Tommaso Galeazzo, Bernard Aumont, Marie Camredon, Richard Valorso, Yong B. Lim, Paul J. Ziemann, and Manabu Shiraiwa
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5549–5565, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5549-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5549-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) derived from n-alkanes is a major component of anthropogenic particulate matter. We provide an analysis of n-alkane SOA by chemistry modeling, machine learning, and laboratory experiments, showing that n-alkane SOA adopts low-viscous semi-solid or liquid states. Our results indicate few kinetic limitations of mass accommodation in SOA formation, supporting the application of equilibrium partitioning for simulating n-alkane SOA in large-scale atmospheric models.
Lauri Johannes Franzon, Marie Camredon, Richard Valorso, Bernard Aumont, and Theo Christian Kurtén
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-920, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-920, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this article we investigate the formation of large, sticky molecules from various organic compounds entering the atmosphere as primary emissions, and the degree to which these processes may contribute to organic aerosol particle mass. More specifically, we are qualitatively investigating a recently discovered chemical reaction channel for one of the most important short-lived radical compounds, peroxy radicals, and discovering which of these reactions are most atmospherically important.
Raina Roy, Pankaj Kumar, Jayanarayanan Kuttippurath, and Franck Lefevre
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2377–2386, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2377-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2377-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We assess the interannual variability of ozone loss and chlorine activation in the Antarctic winters of 2013–2020. The analysis shows significant interannual variability in the Antarctic ozone during this period as compared to the previous decade (2000–2010). Dynamics and chemistry of the winters play their respective roles in the ozone loss process. The winter of 2019 is an example of favourable chemistry helping in the large loss of ozone, though the dynamical conditions were unfavourable.
Mariano Mertens, Sabine Brinkop, Phoebe Graf, Volker Grewe, Johannes Hendricks, Patrick Jöckel, Anna Lanteri, Sigrun Matthes, Vanessa S. Rieger, Mattia Righi, and Robin N. Thor
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-324, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-324, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We quantified the contributions of land transport, shipping and aviation emissions to tropospheric ozone and the reductions of the methane lifetime using chemistry-climate model simulations. The contributions were analysed for the conditions of 2015 and for three projections for the year 2050. The results highllight the challenges of mitigating ozone formed by emissions of the transport sector, caused by the non-linearitiy of the ozone chemistry and the long life-time.
Andrea Pazmiño, Florence Goutail, Sophie Godin-Beekmann, Alain Hauchecorne, Jean-Pierre Pommereau, Martyn P. Chipperfield, Wuhu Feng, Franck Lefèvre, Audrey Lecouffe, Michel Van Roozendael, Nis Jepsen, Georg Hansen, Rigel Kivi, Kimberly Strong, and Kaley A. Walker
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15655–15670, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15655-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15655-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The vortex-averaged ozone loss over the last 3 decades is evaluated for both polar regions using the passive ozone tracer of the chemical transport model TOMCAT/SLIMCAT and total ozone observations from the SAOZ network and MSR2 reanalysis. Three metrics were developed to compute ozone trends since 2000. The study confirms the ozone recovery in the Antarctic and shows a potential sign of quantitative detection of ozone recovery in the Arctic that needs to be robustly confirmed in the future.
Victor Lannuque, Barbara D'Anna, Evangelia Kostenidou, Florian Couvidat, Alvaro Martinez-Valiente, Philipp Eichler, Armin Wisthaler, Markus Müller, Brice Temime-Roussel, Richard Valorso, and Karine Sartelet
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15537–15560, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15537-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15537-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Large uncertainties remain in understanding secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from toluene oxidation. In this study, speciation measurements in gaseous and particulate phases were carried out, providing partitioning and volatility data on individual toluene SOA components at different temperatures. A new detailed oxidation mechanism was developed to improve modeled speciation, and effects of different processes involved in gas–particle partitioning at the molecular scale are explored.
Ondřej Tichý, Sabine Eckhardt, Yves Balkanski, Didier Hauglustaine, and Nikolaos Evangeliou
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15235–15252, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15235-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15235-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We show declining trends in NH3 emissions over Europe for 2013–2020 using advanced dispersion and inverse modelling and satellite measurements from CrIS. Emissions decreased by −26% since 2013, showing that the abatement strategies adopted by the European Union have been very efficient. Ammonia emissions are low in winter and peak in summer due to temperature-dependent soil volatilization. The largest decreases were observed in central and western Europe in countries with high emissions.
Yann Cohen, Didier Hauglustaine, Bastien Sauvage, Susanne Rohs, Patrick Konjari, Ulrich Bundke, Andreas Petzold, Valérie Thouret, Andreas Zahn, and Helmut Ziereis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14973–15009, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14973-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14973-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The upper troposphere–lower stratosphere (UTLS) is a key region regarding the lower atmospheric composition. This study consists of a comprehensive evaluation of an up-to-date chemistry–climate model in this layer, using regular in situ measurements based on passenger aircraft. For this purpose, a specific software (Interpol-IAGOS) has been updated and made publicly available. The model reproduces the carbon monoxide peaks due to biomass burning over the continental tropics particularly well.
Sigrun Matthes, Simone Dietmüller, Katrin Dahlmann, Christine Frömming, Patrick Peter, Hiroshi Yamashita, Volker Grewe, Feijia Yin, and Federica Castino
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-92, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-92, 2023
Revised manuscript under review for GMD
Short summary
Short summary
Aviation aims to reduce its climate effect by identifying alternative climate-optimized aircraft trajectories. Such routing strategies requires a dedicated meteorological service in order to inform on regions of the atmosphere where aviation non-CO2 emissions have a large climate effect, e.g. by contrail formation or nitrogen-oxide (NOx)-induced ozone formation. This study presents calibration factors for individual non-CO2 effects by comparing with the climate response model AirClim.
Zoé Lloret, Frédéric Chevallier, Anne Cozic, Marine Remaud, and Yann Meurdesoif
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-140, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-140, 2023
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we evaluate the performance of a new model coupling, ICO, for simulating atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) transport. Using an unstructured grid, our model accurately captures seasonal CO2 variations at surface stations. The model exhibits comparable accuracy to a reference configuration and offers advantages in computational speed and storage. This highlights the importance of advanced modeling approaches and high-resolution grids in refining climate models.
Simone Dietmüller, Sigrun Matthes, Katrin Dahlmann, Hiroshi Yamashita, Abolfazl Simorgh, Manuel Soler, Florian Linke, Benjamin Lührs, Maximilian M. Meuser, Christian Weder, Volker Grewe, Feijia Yin, and Federica Castino
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 4405–4425, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-4405-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-4405-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Climate-optimized aircraft trajectories avoid atmospheric regions with a large climate impact due to aviation emissions. This requires spatially and temporally resolved information on aviation's climate impact. We propose using algorithmic climate change functions (aCCFs) for CO2 and non-CO2 effects (ozone, methane, water vapor, contrail cirrus). Merged aCCFs combine individual aCCFs by assuming aircraft-specific parameters and climate metrics. Technically this is done with a Python library.
Cyril Caram, Sophie Szopa, Anne Cozic, Slimane Bekki, Carlos A. Cuevas, and Alfonso Saiz-Lopez
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 4041–4062, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-4041-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-4041-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the role of halogenated compounds (containing chlorine, bromine and iodine), emitted by natural processes (mainly above the oceans), in the chemistry of the lower layers of the atmosphere. We introduced this relatively new chemistry in a three-dimensional climate–chemistry model and looked at how this chemistry will disrupt the ozone. We showed that the concentration of ozone decreases by 22 % worldwide and that of the atmospheric detergent, OH, by 8 %.
Abolfazl Simorgh, Manuel Soler, Daniel González-Arribas, Florian Linke, Benjamin Lührs, Maximilian M. Meuser, Simone Dietmüller, Sigrun Matthes, Hiroshi Yamashita, Feijia Yin, Federica Castino, Volker Grewe, and Sabine Baumann
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 3723–3748, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-3723-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-3723-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper addresses the robust climate optimal trajectory planning problem under uncertain meteorological conditions within the structured airspace. Based on the optimization methodology, a Python library has been developed, which can be accessed using the following DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7121862. The developed tool is capable of providing robust trajectories taking into account all probable realizations of meteorological conditions provided by an EPS computationally very fast.
Robin N. Thor, Malte Niklaß, Katrin Dahlmann, Florian Linke, Volker Grewe, and Sigrun Matthes
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-126, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-126, 2023
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
We develop a simplied method to estimate the climate effects of single flights through CO2 and non-CO2 effects, exclusively based on the aircraft seat category as well as the origin and destination airports. The derived climate effect functions exhibit a mean relative error of only 15 % with respect to results from a climate response model. The method is designed for climate footprint assessments and covers most commerical airlines with seat capacities starting from 101 passengers.
Feijia Yin, Volker Grewe, Federica Castino, Pratik Rao, Sigrun Matthes, Katrin Dahlmann, Simone Dietmüller, Christine Frömming, Hiroshi Yamashita, Patrick Peter, Emma Klingaman, Keith P. Shine, Benjamin Lührs, and Florian Linke
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 3313–3334, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-3313-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-3313-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper describes a newly developed submodel ACCF V1.0 based on the MESSy 2.53.0 infrastructure. The ACCF V1.0 is based on the prototype algorithmic climate change functions (aCCFs) v1.0 to enable climate-optimized flight trajectories. One highlight of this paper is that we describe a consistent full set of aCCFs formulas with respect to fuel scenario and metrics. We demonstrate the usage of the ACCF submodel using AirTraf V2.0 to optimize trajectories for cost and climate impact.
Robin N. Thor, Mariano Mertens, Sigrun Matthes, Mattia Righi, Johannes Hendricks, Sabine Brinkop, Phoebe Graf, Volker Grewe, Patrick Jöckel, and Steven Smith
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 1459–1466, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1459-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1459-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We report on an inconsistency in the latitudinal distribution of aviation emissions between two versions of a data product which is widely used by researchers. From the available documentation, we do not expect such an inconsistency. We run a chemistry–climate model to compute the effect of the inconsistency in emissions on atmospheric chemistry and radiation and find that the radiative forcing associated with aviation ozone is 7.6 % higher when using the less recent version of the data.
Maureen Beaudor, Nicolas Vuichard, Juliette Lathière, Nikolaos Evangeliou, Martin Van Damme, Lieven Clarisse, and Didier Hauglustaine
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 1053–1081, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1053-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1053-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ammonia mainly comes from the agricultural sector, and its volatilization relies on environmental variables. Our approach aims at benefiting from an Earth system model framework to estimate it. By doing so, we represent a consistent spatial distribution of the emissions' response to environmental changes.
We greatly improved the seasonal cycle of emissions compared with previous work. In addition, our model includes natural soil emissions (that are rarely represented in modeling approaches).
Joël Thanwerdas, Marielle Saunois, Isabelle Pison, Didier Hauglustaine, Antoine Berchet, Bianca Baier, Colm Sweeney, and Philippe Bousquet
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 15489–15508, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15489-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15489-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric methane (CH4) concentrations have been rising since 2007, resulting from an imbalance between CH4 sources and sinks. The CH4 budget is generally estimated through top-down approaches using CH4 and δ13C(CH4) observations as constraints. The oxidation by chlorine (Cl) contributes little to the total oxidation of CH4 but strongly influences δ13C(CH4). Here, we compare multiple recent Cl fields and quantify the influence of Cl concentrations on CH4, δ13C(CH4), and CH4 budget estimates.
Johannes Pletzer, Didier Hauglustaine, Yann Cohen, Patrick Jöckel, and Volker Grewe
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 14323–14354, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14323-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14323-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Very fast aircraft can travel long distances in extremely short times and can fly at high altitudes (15 to 35 km). These aircraft emit water vapour, nitrogen oxides, and hydrogen. Water vapour emissions remain for months to several years at these altitudes and have an important impact on temperature. We investigate two aircraft fleets flying at 26 and 35 km. Ozone is depleted more, and the water vapour perturbation and temperature change are larger for the aircraft flying at 35 km.
Adam Yassin Jaziri, Benjamin Charnay, Franck Selsis, Jérémy Leconte, and Franck Lefèvre
Clim. Past, 18, 2421–2447, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-2421-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-2421-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In the context of understanding the 3D photochemical effect on the Earth's oxygenation that happened around 2.4 Ga, we developed a 3D photochemical–climate model to investigate the possible impact of atmospheric circulation and the coupling between the climate and the dynamics of oxidation. We show that the diurnal, seasonal and transport variations do not bring significant changes compared to 1D models. Nevertheless, we highlight a temperature dependence for atmospheric photochemical losses.
Anthony Rey-Pommier, Frédéric Chevallier, Philippe Ciais, Grégoire Broquet, Theodoros Christoudias, Jonilda Kushta, Didier Hauglustaine, and Jean Sciare
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 11505–11527, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11505-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11505-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Emission inventories for air pollutants can be uncertain in developing countries. In order to overcome these uncertainties, we model nitrogen oxide emissions in Egypt using satellite retrievals. We detect a weekly cycle reflecting Egyptian social norms, an annual cycle consistent with electricity consumption and an activity drop due to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, discrepancies with inventories remain high, illustrating the needs for additional data to improve the potential of our method.
Camille Abadie, Fabienne Maignan, Marine Remaud, Jérôme Ogée, J. Elliott Campbell, Mary E. Whelan, Florian Kitz, Felix M. Spielmann, Georg Wohlfahrt, Richard Wehr, Wu Sun, Nina Raoult, Ulli Seibt, Didier Hauglustaine, Sinikka T. Lennartz, Sauveur Belviso, David Montagne, and Philippe Peylin
Biogeosciences, 19, 2427–2463, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2427-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-2427-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A better constraint of the components of the carbonyl sulfide (COS) global budget is needed to exploit its potential as a proxy of gross primary productivity. In this study, we compare two representations of oxic soil COS fluxes, and we develop an approach to represent anoxic soil COS fluxes in a land surface model. We show the importance of atmospheric COS concentration variations on oxic soil COS fluxes and provide new estimates for oxic and anoxic soil contributions to the COS global budget.
Mike J. Newland, Camille Mouchel-Vallon, Richard Valorso, Bernard Aumont, Luc Vereecken, Michael E. Jenkin, and Andrew R. Rickard
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 6167–6195, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6167-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6167-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Alkene ozonolysis produces Criegee intermediates, which can act as oxidants or decompose to give a range of closed-shell and radical products, including OH. Therefore it is essential to accurately represent the chemistry of Criegee intermediates in atmospheric models in order to understand their impacts on atmospheric composition. Here we provide a mechanism construction protocol by which the central features of alkene ozonolysis chemistry can be included in an automatic mechanism generator.
Gaëlle Dufour, Didier Hauglustaine, Yunjiang Zhang, Maxim Eremenko, Yann Cohen, Audrey Gaudel, Guillaume Siour, Mathieu Lachatre, Axel Bense, Bertrand Bessagnet, Juan Cuesta, Jerry Ziemke, Valérie Thouret, and Bo Zheng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16001–16025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16001-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16001-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The IASI observations and the LMDZ-OR-INCA model simulations show negative ozone trends in the Central East China region in the lower free (3–6 km column) and the upper free (6–9 km column) troposphere. Sensitivity studies from the model show that the Chinese anthropogenic emissions contribute to more than 50 % in the trend. The reduction in NOx emissions that has occurred since 2013 in China seems to lead to a decrease in ozone in the free troposphere, contrary to the increase at the surface.
Ramiro Checa-Garcia, Yves Balkanski, Samuel Albani, Tommi Bergman, Ken Carslaw, Anne Cozic, Chris Dearden, Beatrice Marticorena, Martine Michou, Twan van Noije, Pierre Nabat, Fiona M. O'Connor, Dirk Olivié, Joseph M. Prospero, Philippe Le Sager, Michael Schulz, and Catherine Scott
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 10295–10335, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10295-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10295-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Thousands of tons of dust are emitted into the atmosphere every year, producing important impacts on the Earth system. However, current global climate models are not yet able to reproduce dust emissions, transport and depositions with the desirable accuracy. Our study analyses five different Earth system models to report aspects to be improved to reproduce better available observations, increase the consistency between models and therefore decrease the current uncertainties.
Tommaso Galeazzo, Richard Valorso, Ying Li, Marie Camredon, Bernard Aumont, and Manabu Shiraiwa
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 10199–10213, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10199-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10199-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We simulate SOA viscosity with explicit modeling of gas-phase oxidation of isoprene and α-pinene. While the viscosity dependence on relative humidity and mass loadings is captured well by simulations, the model underestimates measured viscosity, indicating missing processes. Kinetic limitations and reduction in mass accommodation may cause an increase in viscosity. The developed model is powerful for investigation of the interplay among gas reactions, chemical composition and phase state.
Christine Frömming, Volker Grewe, Sabine Brinkop, Patrick Jöckel, Amund S. Haslerud, Simon Rosanka, Jesper van Manen, and Sigrun Matthes
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 9151–9172, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9151-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9151-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The influence of weather situations on non-CO2 aviation climate impact is investigated to identify systematic weather-related sensitivities. If aircraft avoid the most sensitive areas, climate impact might be reduced. Enhanced significance is found for emission in relation to high-pressure systems, jet stream, polar night, and tropopause altitude. The results represent a comprehensive data set for studies aiming at weather-dependent flight trajectory optimization to reduce total climate impact.
Pascale Braconnot, Samuel Albani, Yves Balkanski, Anne Cozic, Masa Kageyama, Adriana Sima, Olivier Marti, and Jean-Yves Peterschmitt
Clim. Past, 17, 1091–1117, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1091-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1091-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate how mid-Holocene dust reduction affects the Earth’s energetics from a suite of climate simulations. Our analyses confirm the peculiar role of the dust radiative effect over bright surfaces such as African deserts. We highlight a strong dependence on the dust pattern. The relative dust forcing between West Africa and the Middle East impacts the relative response of Indian and African monsoons and between the western tropical Atlantic and the Atlantic meridional circulation.
Nikolaos Evangeliou, Yves Balkanski, Sabine Eckhardt, Anne Cozic, Martin Van Damme, Pierre-François Coheur, Lieven Clarisse, Mark W. Shephard, Karen E. Cady-Pereira, and Didier Hauglustaine
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 4431–4451, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4431-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4431-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Ammonia, a substance that has played a key role in sustaining life, has been increasing in the atmosphere, affecting climate and humans. Understanding the reasons for this increase is important for the beneficial use of ammonia. The evolution of satellite products gives us the opportunity to calculate ammonia emissions easier. We calculated global ammonia emissions over the last 10 years, incorporated them into a chemistry model and recorded notable improvement in reproducing observations.
Michael E. Jenkin, Richard Valorso, Bernard Aumont, Mike J. Newland, and Andrew R. Rickard
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 12921–12937, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-12921-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-12921-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Unsaturated organic compounds are emitted in large quantities from natural and human-influenced sources. Atmospheric removal occurs significantly by reaction with ozone, initiating reaction sequences forming free radicals and organic pollutants in the gaseous and particulate phases. Due to their very large number, it is impossible to study the reaction rate for every compound, and most have to be estimated. Updated and extended estimation methods are reported for use in atmospheric models.
Hiroshi Yamashita, Feijia Yin, Volker Grewe, Patrick Jöckel, Sigrun Matthes, Bastian Kern, Katrin Dahlmann, and Christine Frömming
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 4869–4890, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4869-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4869-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This paper describes the updated submodel AirTraf 2.0 which simulates global air traffic in the ECHAM/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) model. Nine aircraft routing options have been integrated, including contrail avoidance, minimum economic costs, and minimum climate impact. Example simulations reveal characteristics of different routing options on air traffic performances. The consistency of the AirTraf simulations is verified with literature data.
Pierre Sepulchre, Arnaud Caubel, Jean-Baptiste Ladant, Laurent Bopp, Olivier Boucher, Pascale Braconnot, Patrick Brockmann, Anne Cozic, Yannick Donnadieu, Jean-Louis Dufresne, Victor Estella-Perez, Christian Ethé, Frédéric Fluteau, Marie-Alice Foujols, Guillaume Gastineau, Josefine Ghattas, Didier Hauglustaine, Frédéric Hourdin, Masa Kageyama, Myriam Khodri, Olivier Marti, Yann Meurdesoif, Juliette Mignot, Anta-Clarisse Sarr, Jérôme Servonnat, Didier Swingedouw, Sophie Szopa, and Delphine Tardif
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 3011–3053, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3011-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-3011-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Our paper describes IPSL-CM5A2, an Earth system model that can be integrated for long (several thousands of years) climate simulations. We describe the technical aspects, assess the model computing performance and evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the model, by comparing pre-industrial and historical runs to the previous-generation model simulations and to observations. We also present a Cretaceous simulation as a case study to show how the model simulates deep-time paleoclimates.
Jean-Loup Bertaux, Alain Hauchecorne, Franck Lefèvre, François-Marie Bréon, Laurent Blanot, Denis Jouglet, Pierre Lafrique, and Pavel Akaev
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 3329–3374, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-3329-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-3329-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Monitoring of greenhouse gases from space is usually done by measuring the quantity of CO2 and O2 in the atmosphere from their spectral absorption imprinted on the solar spectrum backscattered upwards. We show that the use of the near-infrared band of O2 at 1.27 µm, instead of the O2 band at 0.76 nm used up to now, may be more appropriate to better account for aerosols, in spite of a known airglow emission from ozone. The climate space mission MicroCarb (launched in 2021) includes this new band.
Frédéric Chevallier, Marine Remaud, Christopher W. O'Dell, David Baker, Philippe Peylin, and Anne Cozic
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 14233–14251, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14233-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14233-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We present a way to rate the CO2 flux estimates made from inversion of a global atmospheric transport model. Our approach relies on accurate aircraft measurements in the free troposphere. It shows that some satellite soundings can now provide inversion results that are, despite their uncertainty, comparable in credibility to traditional inversions using the accurate but sparse surface network and that these inversions are, therefore, complementary for studies of the global carbon budget.
Joël Thanwerdas, Marielle Saunois, Antoine Berchet, Isabelle Pison, Didier Hauglustaine, Michel Ramonet, Cyril Crevoisier, Bianca Baier, Colm Sweeney, and Philippe Bousquet
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2019-925, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2019-925, 2019
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
Oxidation by the hydroxyl radical (OH) is the dominant atmospheric sink for methane, contributing to approximately 90 % of the total methane loss. Chemical losses by reaction with atomic oxygen (O1D) and chlorine radicals (Cl) in the stratosphere are other sinks, contributing about 3 % to the total methane destruction. We assess here the impact of atomic Cl on atmospheric methane mixing ratios, methane atmospheric loss and atmospheric isotopic δ13C-CH4 values.
Michael E. Jenkin, Richard Valorso, Bernard Aumont, and Andrew R. Rickard
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 7691–7717, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7691-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7691-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Organic compounds are emitted in large amounts from natural and human-influenced sources. Peroxy radicals are key intermediates formed during oxidation of organic compounds, and play a central role in mechanisms forming pollutants such as ozone and organic particles. Due to the large number of different peroxy radicals formed, it is impossible to study the rates of all of their reactions, and most have to be estimated. Updated and new estimation methods are reported for use in atmospheric models
Marine Remaud, Frédéric Chevallier, Anne Cozic, Xin Lin, and Philippe Bousquet
Geosci. Model Dev., 11, 4489–4513, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-4489-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-4489-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We compare several versions of a global atmospheric transport model for the simulation of CO2. The representation of subgrid-scale processes modulates the interhemispheric gradient and the amplitude of the seasonal cycle in the Northern Hemisphere. It has the largest impact over Brazil. Refining the horizontal resolution improves the simulation near emission hotspots or along the coastlines. The sensitivities to the land surface model and to the increase in vertical resolution are marginal.
Victor Lannuque, Marie Camredon, Florian Couvidat, Alma Hodzic, Richard Valorso, Sasha Madronich, Bertrand Bessagnet, and Bernard Aumont
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 13411–13428, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-13411-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-13411-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Large uncertainties remain in understanding the influence of atmospheric environmental conditions on secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation, evolution and properties. In this article, the GECKO-A modelling tool has been used in a box model under various environmental conditions to (i) explore the sensitivity of SOA formation and properties to changes on physical and chemical conditions and (ii) develop a volatility-basis-set-type parameterization for air quality models.
Xin Lin, Philippe Ciais, Philippe Bousquet, Michel Ramonet, Yi Yin, Yves Balkanski, Anne Cozic, Marc Delmotte, Nikolaos Evangeliou, Nuggehalli K. Indira, Robin Locatelli, Shushi Peng, Shilong Piao, Marielle Saunois, Panangady S. Swathi, Rong Wang, Camille Yver-Kwok, Yogesh K. Tiwari, and Lingxi Zhou
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 9475–9497, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-9475-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-9475-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We simulate CH4 and CO2 using a zoomed global transport model with a horizontal resolution of ~50 km over South and East Asia, as well as a standard model version for comparison. Model performance is evaluated for both gases and versions at multiple timescales against a new collection of surface stations over this key GHG-emitting region. The evaluation at different timescales and comparisons between gases and model versions have implications for possible model improvements and inversions.
Michael E. Jenkin, Richard Valorso, Bernard Aumont, Andrew R. Rickard, and Timothy J. Wallington
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 9297–9328, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-9297-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-9297-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Organic compounds are emitted in large quantities from natural and human-influenced sources. Removal from the atmosphere occurs mainly by reaction with hydroxyl (OH) radicals, and initiates reaction sequences forming pollutants such as ozone and organic particles. Due to their very large number, it is impossible to measure the removal rate for all compounds, and most have to be estimated. An updated and extended estimation method is reported for use in atmospheric models and impact assessments.
Michael E. Jenkin, Richard Valorso, Bernard Aumont, Andrew R. Rickard, and Timothy J. Wallington
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 9329–9349, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-9329-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-9329-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Organic compounds are emitted in large quantities from natural and human-influenced sources. Removal from the atmosphere occurs mainly by reaction with hydroxyl (OH) radicals, and initiates reaction sequences forming pollutants such as ozone and organic particles. Due to their very large number, it is impossible to measure the removal rate for all compounds, and most have to be estimated. An updated and extended estimation method is reported for use in atmospheric models and impact assessments.
Tilman Hüneke, Oliver-Alex Aderhold, Jannik Bounin, Marcel Dorf, Eric Gentry, Katja Grossmann, Jens-Uwe Grooß, Peter Hoor, Patrick Jöckel, Mareike Kenntner, Marvin Knapp, Matthias Knecht, Dominique Lörks, Sabrina Ludmann, Sigrun Matthes, Rasmus Raecke, Marcel Reichert, Jannis Weimar, Bodo Werner, Andreas Zahn, Helmut Ziereis, and Klaus Pfeilsticker
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 10, 4209–4234, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-4209-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-4209-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This paper describes a novel instrument for the aircraft-borne remote sensing of trace gases and liquid and solid water. Until recently, such measurements could only be evaluated under clear-sky conditions. We present a characterization and error assessment of the novel "scaling method", which allows for the retrieval of absolute trace gas concentrations under all sky conditions, significantly expanding the applicability of such measurements to study atmospheric photochemistry.
Huisheng Bian, Mian Chin, Didier A. Hauglustaine, Michael Schulz, Gunnar Myhre, Susanne E. Bauer, Marianne T. Lund, Vlassis A. Karydis, Tom L. Kucsera, Xiaohua Pan, Andrea Pozzer, Ragnhild B. Skeie, Stephen D. Steenrod, Kengo Sudo, Kostas Tsigaridis, Alexandra P. Tsimpidi, and Svetlana G. Tsyro
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 12911–12940, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12911-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12911-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric nitrate contributes notably to total aerosol mass in the present day and is likely to be more important over the next century, with a projected decline in SO2 and NOx emissions and increase in NH3 emissions. This paper investigates atmospheric nitrate using multiple global models and measurements. The study is part of the AeroCom phase III activity. The study is the first attempt to look at global atmospheric nitrate simulation at physical and chemical process levels.
Rémi Thiéblemont, Marion Marchand, Slimane Bekki, Sébastien Bossay, Franck Lefèvre, Mustapha Meftah, and Alain Hauchecorne
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 9897–9916, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-9897-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-9897-2017, 2017
Nikolaos Evangeliou, Thomas Hamburger, Anne Cozic, Yves Balkanski, and Andreas Stohl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 8805–8824, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8805-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8805-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This is the first paper that attempts to assess the source term of the Chernobyl accident using not only activity concentrations but also deposition measurements. This is done by using the FLEXPART model combined with a Bayesian inversion algorithm. Our results show that the altitude of the injection during the first days of the accident might have reached up to 3 km, in contrast to what has been already reported (2.2 km maximum), in order the model to better match observations.
Daniel Cariolle, Philippe Moinat, Hubert Teyssèdre, Luc Giraud, Béatrice Josse, and Franck Lefèvre
Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 1467–1485, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-1467-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-1467-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This article reports on the development and tests of the adaptive semi-implicit scheme (ASIS) solver for the simulation of atmospheric chemistry. To solve the ordinary differential equations associated with the time evolution of the species concentrations, ASIS adopts a one-step linearized implicit scheme. It conserves mass and has a time-stepping module to control the accuracy of the numerical solution. ASIS was found competitive in terms of computation cost against higher-order schemes.
Yi Yin, Frederic Chevallier, Philippe Ciais, Gregoire Broquet, Anne Cozic, Sophie Szopa, and Yilong Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2017-166, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2017-166, 2017
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
CO inverse modelling studies have so far reported significant discrepancies between model concentrations optimised with the Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) satellite retrievals and surface in-situ measurements. Here, we assess how well a global CTM fits a large variety of independent CO observations before and after assimilating MOPITTv6 retrievals to optimise CO sources/sink and discuss potential sources of errors and their implications for global CO modelling studies.
Gwenaël Berthet, Fabrice Jégou, Valéry Catoire, Gisèle Krysztofiak, Jean-Baptiste Renard, Adam E. Bourassa, Doug A. Degenstein, Colette Brogniez, Marcel Dorf, Sebastian Kreycy, Klaus Pfeilsticker, Bodo Werner, Franck Lefèvre, Tjarda J. Roberts, Thibaut Lurton, Damien Vignelles, Nelson Bègue, Quentin Bourgeois, Daniel Daugeron, Michel Chartier, Claude Robert, Bertrand Gaubicher, and Christophe Guimbaud
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 2229–2253, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2229-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2229-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Since the last major volcanic event, i.e. the Pinatubo eruption in 1991, only
moderateeruptions have regularly injected sulfur into the stratosphere, typically enhancing the aerosol loading for several months. We investigate here for the first time the chemical perturbation associated with the Sarychev eruption in June 2009, using balloon-borne instruments and model calculations. Some chemical compounds are significantly affected by the aerosols, but the impact on stratospheric ozone is weak.
Thomas Gasser, Philippe Ciais, Olivier Boucher, Yann Quilcaille, Maxime Tortora, Laurent Bopp, and Didier Hauglustaine
Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 271–319, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-271-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-271-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Simple models of the Earth system are useful, especially because of their high computing efficiency. This work describes the OSCAR model: a new simple Earth system model calibrated on state-of-the-art complex models. It will add to the pool of the few simple models currently used by the community, and it will therefore improve the robustness of future studies. Its source code is available upon request.
Palmira Messina, Juliette Lathière, Katerina Sindelarova, Nicolas Vuichard, Claire Granier, Josefine Ghattas, Anne Cozic, and Didier A. Hauglustaine
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 14169–14202, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-14169-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-14169-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We provide BVOC emissions for the present scenario, employing the updated ORCHIDEE emission module and the MEGAN model. The modelling community still faces the problem of emission model evaluation because of the absence of adequate observations. The accurate analysis performed, employing the two models, allowed the various processes modelled to be investigated, in order to fully understand the origin of the mismatch between the model estimates and to quantify the emission uncertainties.
Jinfeng Chang, Philippe Ciais, Mario Herrero, Petr Havlik, Matteo Campioli, Xianzhou Zhang, Yongfei Bai, Nicolas Viovy, Joanna Joiner, Xuhui Wang, Shushi Peng, Chao Yue, Shilong Piao, Tao Wang, Didier A. Hauglustaine, Jean-Francois Soussana, Anna Peregon, Natalya Kosykh, and Nina Mironycheva-Tokareva
Biogeosciences, 13, 3757–3776, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3757-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3757-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We derived the global maps of grassland management intensity of 1901–2012, including the minimum area of managed grassland with fraction of mown/grazed part. These maps, to our knowledge for the first time, provide global, time-dependent information for drawing up global estimates of management impact on biomass production and yields and for global vegetation models to enable simulations of carbon stocks and GHG budgets beyond simple tuning of grassland productivities to account for management.
Patrick Jöckel, Holger Tost, Andrea Pozzer, Markus Kunze, Oliver Kirner, Carl A. M. Brenninkmeijer, Sabine Brinkop, Duy S. Cai, Christoph Dyroff, Johannes Eckstein, Franziska Frank, Hella Garny, Klaus-Dirk Gottschaldt, Phoebe Graf, Volker Grewe, Astrid Kerkweg, Bastian Kern, Sigrun Matthes, Mariano Mertens, Stefanie Meul, Marco Neumaier, Matthias Nützel, Sophie Oberländer-Hayn, Roland Ruhnke, Theresa Runde, Rolf Sander, Dieter Scharffe, and Andreas Zahn
Geosci. Model Dev., 9, 1153–1200, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-1153-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-1153-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
With an advanced numerical global chemistry climate model (CCM) we performed several detailed
combined hind-cast and projection simulations of the period 1950 to 2100 to assess the
past, present, and potential future dynamical and chemical state of the Earth atmosphere.
The manuscript documents the model and the various applied model set-ups and provides
a first evaluation of the simulation results from a global perspective as a quality check of the data.
Renee C. McVay, Xuan Zhang, Bernard Aumont, Richard Valorso, Marie Camredon, Yuyi S. La, Paul O. Wennberg, and John H. Seinfeld
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 2785–2802, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-2785-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-2785-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) affects climate change, human health, and cloud formation. We examine SOA formation from the biogenic hydrocarbon α-pinene and observe unexpected experimental results that run contrary to model predictions. Various processes are explored via modeling to rationalize the observations. The paper identifies the importance of further constraining via experiments various steps in the chemical mechanism in order to accurately predict SOA worldwide.
Y. S. La, M. Camredon, P. J. Ziemann, R. Valorso, A. Matsunaga, V. Lannuque, J. Lee-Taylor, A. Hodzic, S. Madronich, and B. Aumont
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 1417–1431, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1417-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1417-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The potential impact of chamber walls on the loss of gaseous organic species and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation has been explored using the GECKO-A modeling tool, which explicitly represents SOA formation and gas-wall partitioning. The model was compared with 41 smog chamber experiments of SOA formation under OH oxidation of alkane and alkene serie. The organic vapor loss to the chamber walls is found to affect SOA yields as well as the composition of the gas and the particle phase.
J. Kuttippurath, S. Godin-Beekmann, F. Lefèvre, M. L. Santee, L. Froidevaux, and A. Hauchecorne
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 10385–10397, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-10385-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-10385-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Our study finds large interannual variability in Antarctic ozone loss in the recent decade, with a number of winters showing shallow ozone holes but also with the year of the largest ozone hole in the last decades. These smaller ozone holes or ozone losses are mainly related to the year-to-year changes in dynamical processes rather than the variations in anthropogenic ozone-depleting substances (ODSs), as the change in ODS levels during the study period was very small.
J. G. Levine, A. R. MacKenzie, O. J. Squire, A. T. Archibald, P. T. Griffiths, N. L. Abraham, J. A. Pyle, D. E. Oram, G. Forster, J. F. Brito, J. D. Lee, J. R. Hopkins, A. C. Lewis, S. J. B. Bauguitte, C. F. Demarco, P. Artaxo, P. Messina, J. Lathière, D. A. Hauglustaine, E. House, C. N. Hewitt, and E. Nemitz
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-24251-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-24251-2015, 2015
Revised manuscript has not been submitted
Short summary
Short summary
This study explores our ability to simulate atmospheric chemistry stemming from isoprene emissions—a reactive gas emitted from vegetation—in pristine and polluted regions of the Amazon basin. We explore how two contrasting models fare in reproducing recent airborne measurements in the region. Their differing treatments of transport and mixing are found to: profoundly affect their performance; and yield very different pictures of the exposure of the rainforest to harmful ozone concentrations.
W. Tao, J. Liu, G. A. Ban-Weiss, D. A. Hauglustaine, L. Zhang, Q. Zhang, Y. Cheng, Y. Yu, and S. Tao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 8597–8614, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-8597-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-8597-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We examine the responses of a range of meteorological and air quality indicators to the expansion of urban land using WRF/Chem. Sensitivity studies indicate that the responses of pollutant concentrations to the spatial extent of urbanization are linear near the surface but nonlinear at higher altitudes. The results of process analysis demonstrate that urban heat island circulation and a deeper boundary layer with stronger turbulent intensities play a significant role in relocating pollutants.
R. Wang, Y. Balkanski, O. Boucher, L. Bopp, A. Chappell, P. Ciais, D. Hauglustaine, J. Peñuelas, and S. Tao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 6247–6270, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-6247-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-6247-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
This study makes a first attempt to estimate the temporal trend of Fe emissions from anthropogenic and natural combustion sources from 1960 to 2007 and the emissions of Fe from mineral dust based on a recent mineralogical database. The new emission inventory is introduced into a global aerosol model. The simulated total Fe and soluble Fe concentrations in surface air as well as the deposition of total Fe are evaluated by observations over major continental and oceanic regions globally.
G. Kiesewetter, J. Borken-Kleefeld, W. Schöpp, C. Heyes, P. Thunis, B. Bessagnet, E. Terrenoire, H. Fagerli, A. Nyiri, and M. Amann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 1539–1553, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1539-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1539-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We describe the multi-stage approach applied in the GAINS model to assess compliance with PM10 limit values at more than 1850 individual air quality monitoring stations in Europe. We analyse source contributions to ambient concentrations and the implications of future policy choices on air quality for 2030. While current legislation does not solve compliance issues, problems are largely eliminated by EU-wide adoption of the best available emission control technology.
E. Terrenoire, B. Bessagnet, L. Rouïl, F. Tognet, G. Pirovano, L. Létinois, M. Beauchamp, A. Colette, P. Thunis, M. Amann, and L. Menut
Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 21–42, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-21-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-21-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
The model reproduces the temporal variability of NO2, O3, PM10, PM2.5 better at rural than urban background stations.
The fractional biases show that the model performs slightly better at RB sites than at UB sites for NO2, O3 and PM10.
At UB sites, CHIMERE reproduces PM2.5 better than PM10.
This is primarily the result of an underestimation of coarse particulate matter (PM) associated with uncertainties on SOA chemistry and their precursor emissions, dust and sea salt.
P. Ricaud, B. Sič, L. El Amraoui, J.-L. Attié, R. Zbinden, P. Huszar, S. Szopa, J. Parmentier, N. Jaidan, M. Michou, R. Abida, F. Carminati, D. Hauglustaine, T. August, J. Warner, R. Imasu, N. Saitoh, and V.-H. Peuch
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 11427–11446, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-11427-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-11427-2014, 2014
D. A. Hauglustaine, Y. Balkanski, and M. Schulz
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 11031–11063, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-11031-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-11031-2014, 2014
V. Grewe, C. Frömming, S. Matthes, S. Brinkop, M. Ponater, S. Dietmüller, P. Jöckel, H. Garny, E. Tsati, K. Dahlmann, O. A. Søvde, J. Fuglestvedt, T. K. Berntsen, K. P. Shine, E. A. Irvine, T. Champougny, and P. Hullah
Geosci. Model Dev., 7, 175–201, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-175-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-175-2014, 2014
G. Kiesewetter, J. Borken-Kleefeld, W. Schöpp, C. Heyes, P. Thunis, B. Bessagnet, E. Terrenoire, A. Gsella, and M. Amann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 813–829, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-813-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-813-2014, 2014
S. Hou, J. Chappellaz, D. Raynaud, V. Masson-Delmotte, J. Jouzel, P. Bousquet, and D. Hauglustaine
Clim. Past, 9, 2549–2554, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-2549-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-2549-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Gases | Research Activity: Atmospheric Modelling and Data Analysis | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
Constraining non-methane VOC emissions with TROPOMI HCHO observations: impact on summertime ozone simulation in August 2022 in China
Revealing the significant acceleration of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) emissions in eastern Asia through long-term atmospheric observations
Interpreting Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) geostationary satellite observations of the diurnal variation in nitrogen dioxide (NO2) over East Asia
An intercomparison of satellite, airborne, and ground-level observations with WRF–CAMx simulations of NO2 columns over Houston, Texas, during the September 2021 TRACER-AQ campaign
Interannual variability of summertime formaldehyde (HCHO) vertical column density and its main drivers at northern high latitudes
The impact of multi-decadal changes in VOC speciation on urban ozone chemistry: a case study in Birmingham, United Kingdom
Technical note: Challenges in detecting free tropospheric ozone trends in a sparsely sampled environment
Combined assimilation of NOAA surface and MIPAS satellite observations to constrain the global budget of carbonyl sulfide
The impact of gaseous degradation on the gas–particle partitioning of methylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Technical note: An assessment of the performance of statistical bias correction techniques for global chemistry–climate model surface ozone fields
A better representation of volatile organic compound chemistry in WRF-Chem and its impact on ozone over Los Angeles
High-resolution US methane emissions inferred from an inversion of 2019 TROPOMI satellite data: contributions from individual states, urban areas, and landfills
Summertime tropospheric ozone source apportionment study in the Madrid region (Spain)
CO anthropogenic emissions in Europe from 2011 to 2021: insights from Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) satellite data
Constraining long-term NOx emissions over the United States and Europe using nitrate wet deposition monitoring networks
Analysis of an intense O3 pollution episode on the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula using photochemical modeling: characterization of transport pathways and accumulation processes
Atmospheric oxygen as a tracer for fossil fuel carbon dioxide: a sensitivity study in the UK
Impact of improved representation of VOC emissions and production of NOx reservoirs on modeled urban ozone production
MIXv2: a long-term mosaic emission inventory for Asia (2010–2017)
Organosulfate produced from consumption of SO3 speeds up sulfuric acid–dimethylamine atmospheric nucleation
Contribution of expanded marine sulfur chemistry to the seasonal variability of dimethyl sulfide oxidation products and size-resolved sulfate aerosol
Development of a detailed gaseous oxidation scheme of naphthalene for SOA formation and speciation
Spatial disparities of ozone pollution in the Sichuan Basin spurred by extreme, hot weather
Global impacts of aviation on air quality evaluated at high resolution
Enhancing Long-Term Trend Simulation of Global Tropospheric OH and Its Drivers from 2005–2019: A Synergistic Integration of Model Simulations and Satellite Observations
Large contribution of soil emissions to the atmospheric nitrogen budget and their impacts on air quality and temperature rise in North China
Bias correction of OMI HCHO columns based on FTIR and aircraft measurements and impact on top-down emission estimates
Intercomparison of GEOS-Chem and CAM-chem tropospheric oxidant chemistry within the Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2)
Investigation of the renewed methane growth post-2007 with high-resolution 3-D variational inverse modeling and isotopic constraints
NOx emissions in France in 2019–2021 as estimated by the high spatial resolution assimilation of TROPOMI NO2 observations
Estimating NOx emissions of stack plumes using a high-resolution atmospheric chemistry model and satellite-derived NO2 columns
Revisiting day-of-week ozone patterns in an era of evolving US air quality
Changes in South American Surface Ozone Trends: Exploring the Influences of Precursors and Extreme Events
Air quality and radiative impacts of downward-propagating sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs)
Estimation of the atmospheric hydroxyl radical oxidative capacity using multiple hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
Investigating the differences in calculating global mean surface CO2 abundance: the impact of analysis methodologies and site selection
Meteorological characteristics of extreme ozone pollution events in China and their future predictions
Evaluating modelled tropospheric columns of CH4, CO, and O3 in the Arctic using ground-based Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements
Evaluation of modelled versus observed NMVOC compounds at EMEP sites in Europe
The high-resolution Global Aviation emissions Inventory based on ADS-B (GAIA) for 2019–2021
Zonal variability of methane trends derived from satellite data
Weekly derived top-down volatile-organic-compound fluxes over Europe from TROPOMI HCHO data from 2018 to 2021
Current status of model predictions of volatile organic compounds and impacts on surface ozone predictions during summer in China
Utility of Geostationary Lightning Mapper-derived lightning NO emission estimates in air quality modeling studies
The suitability of atmospheric oxygen measurements to constrain western European fossil-fuel CO2 emissions and their trends
Identifying decadal trends in deweathered concentrations of criteria air pollutants in Canadian urban atmospheres with machine learning approaches
Future tropospheric ozone budget and distribution over east Asia under a net-zero scenario
Why Did Ozone Concentrations Increase During Shanghai’s Static Management? A Statistical and Radical Chemistry Perspective
Comprehensive multiphase chlorine chemistry in the box model CAABA/MECCA: implications for atmospheric oxidative capacity
Insights into soil NO emissions and the contribution to surface ozone formation in China
Shuzhuang Feng, Fei Jiang, Tianlu Qian, Nan Wang, Mengwei Jia, Songci Zheng, Jiansong Chen, Fang Ying, and Weimin Ju
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7481–7498, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7481-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7481-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a multi-air-pollutant inversion system to estimate non-methane volatile organic compound (NMVOC) emissions using TROPOMI formaldehyde retrievals. We found that the inversion significantly improved formaldehyde simulations and reduced NMVOC emission uncertainties. The optimized NMVOC emissions effectively corrected the overestimation of O3 levels, mainly by decreasing the rate of the RO2 + NO reaction and increasing the rate of the NO2 + OH reaction.
Haklim Choi, Alison L. Redington, Hyeri Park, Jooil Kim, Rona L. Thompson, Jens Mühle, Peter K. Salameh, Christina M. Harth, Ray F. Weiss, Alistair J. Manning, and Sunyoung Park
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7309–7330, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7309-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7309-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We analyzed with an inversion model the atmospheric abundance of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), potent greenhouse gases, from 2008 to 2020 at Gosan station in South Korea and revealed a significant increase in emissions, especially from eastern China and Japan. This increase contradicts reported data, underscoring the need for accurate monitoring and reporting. Our findings are crucial for understanding and managing global HFCs emissions, highlighting the importance of efforts to reduce HFCs.
Laura Hyesung Yang, Daniel J. Jacob, Ruijun Dang, Yujin J. Oak, Haipeng Lin, Jhoon Kim, Shixian Zhai, Nadia K. Colombi, Drew C. Pendergrass, Ellie Beaudry, Viral Shah, Xu Feng, Robert M. Yantosca, Heesung Chong, Junsung Park, Hanlim Lee, Won-Jin Lee, Soontae Kim, Eunhye Kim, Katherine R. Travis, James H. Crawford, and Hong Liao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7027–7039, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7027-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7027-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) provides hourly measurements of NO2. We use the chemical transport model to find how emissions, chemistry, and transport drive the changes in NO2 observed by GEMS at different times of the day. In winter, the chemistry plays a minor role, and high daytime emissions dominate the diurnal variation in NO2, balanced by transport. In summer, emissions, chemistry, and transport play an important role in shaping the diurnal variation in NO2.
M. Omar Nawaz, Jeremiah Johnson, Greg Yarwood, Benjamin de Foy, Laura Judd, and Daniel L. Goldberg
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6719–6741, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6719-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6719-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
NO2 is a gas with implications for air pollution. A campaign conducted in Houston provided an opportunity to compare NO2 from different instruments and a model. Aircraft and satellite observations agreed well with measurements on the ground; however, the latter estimated lower values. We find that model-simulated NO2 was lower than observations, especially downtown, suggesting that NO2 sources associated with the urban core of Houston, such as vehicle emissions, may be underestimated.
Tianlang Zhao, Jingqiu Mao, Zolal Ayazpour, Gonzalo González Abad, Caroline R. Nowlan, and Yiqi Zheng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6105–6121, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6105-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6105-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
HCHO variability is a key tracer in understanding VOC emissions in response to climate change. We investigate the role of methane oxidation and biogenic and wildfire emissions in HCHO interannual variability over northern high latitudes in summer, emphasizing wildfires as a key driver of HCHO interannual variability in Alaska, Siberia and northern Canada using satellite HCHO and SIF retrievals and then GEOS-Chem model. We show SIF is a tool to understand biogenic HCHO variability in this region.
Jianghao Li, Alastair C. Lewis, Jim R. Hopkins, Stephen J. Andrews, Tim Murrells, Neil Passant, Ben Richmond, Siqi Hou, William J. Bloss, Roy M. Harrison, and Zongbo Shi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6219–6231, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6219-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6219-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
A summertime ozone event at an urban site in Birmingham is sensitive to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) – particularly those of oxygenated VOCs. The roles of anthropogenic VOC sources in urban ozone chemistry are examined by integrating the 1990–2019 national atmospheric emission inventory into model scenarios. Road transport remains the most powerful means of further reducing ozone in this case study, but the benefits may be offset if solvent emissions of VOCs continue to increase.
Kai-Lan Chang, Owen R. Cooper, Audrey Gaudel, Irina Petropavlovskikh, Peter Effertz, Gary Morris, and Brian C. McDonald
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6197–6218, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6197-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6197-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
A great majority of observational trend studies of free tropospheric ozone use sparsely sampled ozonesonde and aircraft measurements as reference data sets. A ubiquitous assumption is that trends are accurate and reliable so long as long-term records are available. We show that sampling bias due to sparse samples can persistently reduce the trend accuracy, and we highlight the importance of maintaining adequate frequency and continuity of observations.
Jin Ma, Linda M. J. Kooijmans, Norbert Glatthor, Stephen A. Montzka, Marc von Hobe, Thomas Röckmann, and Maarten C. Krol
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6047–6070, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6047-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6047-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The global budget of atmospheric COS can be optimised by inverse modelling using TM5-4DVAR, with the co-constraints of NOAA surface observations and MIPAS satellite data. We found reduced COS biosphere uptake from inversions and improved land and ocean separation using MIPAS satellite data assimilation. Further improvements are expected from better quantification of COS ocean and biosphere fluxes.
Fu-Jie Zhu, Zi-Feng Zhang, Li-Yan Liu, Pu-Fei Yang, Peng-Tuan Hu, Geng-Bo Ren, Meng Qin, and Wan-Li Ma
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6095–6103, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6095-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6095-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Gas–particle (G–P) partitioning is an important atmospheric behavior for semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs). Diurnal variation in G–P partitioning of methylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Me-PAHs) demonstrates the possible influence of gaseous degradation; the enhancement of gaseous degradation (1.10–5.58 times) on G–P partitioning is verified by a steady-state G–P partitioning model. The effect of gaseous degradation on G–P partitioning of (especially light) SVOCs is important.
Christoph Staehle, Harald E. Rieder, Arlene M. Fiore, and Jordan L. Schnell
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5953–5969, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5953-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5953-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Chemistry–climate models show biases compared to surface ozone observations and thus require bias correction for impact studies and the assessment of air quality changes. We compare the performance of commonly used correction techniques for model outputs available via CMIP6. While all methods can reduce model biases, better results are obtained from more complex approaches. Thus, our study suggests broader use of these techniques in studies seeking to inform air quality management and policy.
Qindan Zhu, Rebecca H. Schwantes, Matthew Coggon, Colin Harkins, Jordan Schnell, Jian He, Havala O. T. Pye, Meng Li, Barry Baker, Zachary Moon, Ravan Ahmadov, Eva Y. Pfannerstill, Bryan Place, Paul Wooldridge, Benjamin C. Schulze, Caleb Arata, Anthony Bucholtz, John H. Seinfeld, Carsten Warneke, Chelsea E. Stockwell, Lu Xu, Kristen Zuraski, Michael A. Robinson, J. Andrew Neuman, Patrick R. Veres, Jeff Peischl, Steven S. Brown, Allen H. Goldstein, Ronald C. Cohen, and Brian C. McDonald
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5265–5286, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5265-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5265-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) fuel the production of air pollutants like ozone and particulate matter. The representation of VOC chemistry remains challenging due to its complexity in speciation and reactions. Here, we develop a chemical mechanism, RACM2B-VCP, that better represents VOC chemistry in urban areas such as Los Angeles. We also discuss the contribution of VOCs emitted from volatile chemical products and other anthropogenic sources to total VOC reactivity and O3.
Hannah Nesser, Daniel J. Jacob, Joannes D. Maasakkers, Alba Lorente, Zichong Chen, Xiao Lu, Lu Shen, Zhen Qu, Melissa P. Sulprizio, Margaux Winter, Shuang Ma, A. Anthony Bloom, John R. Worden, Robert N. Stavins, and Cynthia A. Randles
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5069–5091, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5069-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5069-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We quantify 2019 methane emissions in the contiguous US (CONUS) at a ≈ 25 km × 25 km resolution using satellite methane observations. We find a 13 % upward correction to the 2023 US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory (GHGI) for 2019, with large corrections to individual states, urban areas, and landfills. This may present a challenge for US climate policies and goals, many of which target significant reductions in methane emissions.
David de la Paz, Rafael Borge, Juan Manuel de Andrés, Luis Tovar, Golam Sarwar, and Sergey L. Napelenok
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4949–4972, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4949-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4949-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This source apportionment modeling study shows that around 70 % of ground-level O3 in Madrid (Spain) is transported from other regions. Nonetheless, emissions from local sources, mainly road traffic, play a significant role, especially under atmospheric stagnation. Local measures during those conditions may be able to reduce O3 peaks by up to 30 % and, thus, lessen impacts from high-O3 episodes in the Madrid metropolitan area.
Audrey Fortems-Cheiney, Gregoire Broquet, Elise Potier, Robin Plauchu, Antoine Berchet, Isabelle Pison, Hugo Denier van der Gon, and Stijn Dellaert
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4635–4649, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4635-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4635-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We have estimated the carbon monixide (CO) European emissions from satellite observations of the MOPITT instrument at the relatively high resolution of 0.5° for a period of over 10 years from 2011 to 2021. The analysis of the inversion results reveals the challenges associated with the inversion of CO emissions at the regional scale over Europe.
Amy Christiansen, Loretta J. Mickley, and Lu Hu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4569–4589, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4569-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4569-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we provide an additional constraint on emissions and trends of nitrogen oxides using nitrate wet deposition (NWD) fluxes over the United States and Europe from 1980–2020. We find that NWD measurements constrain total NOx emissions well. We also find evidence of NOx emission overestimates in both domains, but especially over Europe, where NOx emissions are overestimated by a factor of 2. Reducing NOx emissions over Europe improves model representation of ozone at the surface.
Eduardo Torre-Pascual, Gotzon Gangoiti, Ana Rodríguez-García, Estibaliz Sáez de Cámara, Joana Ferreira, Carla Gama, María Carmen Gómez, Iñaki Zuazo, Jose Antonio García, and Maite de Blas
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4305–4329, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4305-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4305-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We present an analysis of an intense air pollution episode of tropospheric ozone (O3) along the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula, incorporating both measured and simulated parameters. Our study extends beyond surface-level factors to include altitude-related parameters. These episodes stem from upper-atmosphere O3 accumulation in preceding days, transported to surface layers, causing rapid O3 concentration increase.
Hannah Chawner, Eric Saboya, Karina E. Adcock, Tim Arnold, Yuri Artioli, Caroline Dylag, Grant L. Forster, Anita Ganesan, Heather Graven, Gennadi Lessin, Peter Levy, Ingrid T. Luijkx, Alistair Manning, Penelope A. Pickers, Chris Rennick, Christian Rödenbeck, and Matthew Rigby
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4231–4252, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4231-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4231-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The quantity of atmospheric potential oxygen (APO), derived from coincident measurements of carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2), has been proposed as a tracer for fossil fuel CO2 emissions. In this model sensitivity study, we examine the use of APO for this purpose in the UK and compare our model to observations. We find that our model simulations are most sensitive to uncertainties relating to ocean fluxes and boundary conditions.
Katherine R. Travis, Benjamin A. Nault, James H. Crawford, Kelvin H. Bates, Donald R. Blake, Ronald C. Cohen, Alan Fried, Samuel R. Hall, L. Greg Huey, Young Ro Lee, Simone Meinardi, Kyung-Eun Min, Isobel J. Simpson, and Kirk Ullman
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-951, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-951, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Human activities result in the emission of many volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the atmosphere that contribute to ozone air pollution. Detailed measurements were taken of VOCs during a field study in South Korea. When compared to models using current VOC emissions, large discrepancies pointed to underestimated emissions from chemical products, liquified petroleum gas, and long-range transport. We improved emissions and chemistry of these VOCs to better describe urban ozone pollution.
Meng Li, Junichi Kurokawa, Qiang Zhang, Jung-Hun Woo, Tazuko Morikawa, Satoru Chatani, Zifeng Lu, Yu Song, Guannan Geng, Hanwen Hu, Jinseok Kim, Owen R. Cooper, and Brian C. McDonald
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3925–3952, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3925-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3925-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we developed MIXv2, a mosaic Asian emission inventory for 2010–2017. With high spatial (0.1°) and monthly temporal resolution, MIXv2 integrates anthropogenic and open biomass burning emissions across seven sectors following a mosaic methodology. It provides CO2 emissions data alongside nine key pollutants and three chemical mechanisms. Our publicly accessible gridded monthly emissions data can facilitate long-term atmospheric and climate model analyses.
Xiaomeng Zhang, Yongjian Lian, Shendong Tan, and Shi Yin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3593–3612, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3593-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3593-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) has a significant influence on the global climate, local air quality and human health. Using a combination of quantum chemical calculations and kinetics modeling, we find that thhe gas-phase organosulfate produced from consumption of SO3 can significantly enhance SA–DMA nucleation in the polluted boundary layer, resulting in non-negligible contributions to NPF. Our findings provide important insights into organic sulfur in atmospheric aerosol formation.
Linia Tashmim, William C. Porter, Qianjie Chen, Becky Alexander, Charles H. Fite, Christopher D. Holmes, Jeffrey R. Pierce, Betty Croft, and Sakiko Ishino
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3379–3403, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3379-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3379-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is mostly emitted from ocean surfaces and represents the largest natural source of sulfur for the atmosphere. Once in the atmosphere, DMS forms stable oxidation products such as SO2 and H2SO4, which can subsequently contribute to airborne particle formation and growth. In this study, we update the DMS oxidation mechanism in the chemical transport model GEOS-Chem and describe resulting changes in particle growth as well as the overall global sulfur budget.
Victor Lannuque and Karine Sartelet
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-711, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-711, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Large uncertainties remain in understanding secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation and speciation from naphthalene oxidation. This study details the development of the first near-explicit chemical scheme for naphthalene oxidation by OH including kinetic and mechanistic data and able to reproduce most of the experimentally identified products in both gas and particle phases.
Nan Wang, Yunsong Du, Dongyang Chen, Haiyan Meng, Xi Chen, Li Zhou, Guangming Shi, Yu Zhan, Miao Feng, Wei Li, Mulan Chen, Zhenliang Li, and Fumo Yang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3029–3042, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3029-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3029-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In the scorching August 2022 heatwave, China's Sichuan Basin saw a stark contrast in ozone (O3) levels between Chengdu and Chongqing. The regional disparities were studied considering meteorology, precursors, photochemistry, and transportation. The study highlighted the importance of tailored pollution control measures and underlined the necessity for region-specific strategies to combat O3 pollution on a regional scale.
Sebastian D. Eastham, Guillaume P. Chossière, Raymond L. Speth, Daniel J. Jacob, and Steven R. H. Barrett
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2687–2703, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2687-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2687-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Emissions from aircraft are known to cause air quality impacts worldwide, but the scale and mechanisms of this impact are not well understood. This work uses high-resolution computational modeling of the atmosphere to show that air pollution changes from aviation are mostly the result of emissions during cruise (high-altitude) operations, that these impacts are related to how much non-aviation pollution is present, and that prior regional assessments have underestimated these impacts.
Amir H. Souri, Bryan N. Duncan, Sarah A. Strode, Daniel C. Anderson, Michael E. Manyin, Junhua Liu, Luke D. Oman, Zhen Zhang, and Brad Weir
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-410, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-410, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We explore a new method to make use of the wealth of information obtained from satellite observations of Aura OMI NO2, HCHO, along with MERRA2 reanalysis in NASA’s GEOS model equipped with an efficient tropospheric OH (TOH) estimator to enhance the representation of TOH spatial distribution and its long-term trends. This new framework helps us pinpoint regional inaccuracies in TOH and differentiate between established prior knowledge and newly acquired information from satellites on TOH trends.
Tong Sha, Siyu Yang, Qingcai Chen, Liangqing Li, Xiaoyan Ma, Yan-Lin Zhang, Zhaozhong Feng, K. Folkert Boersma, and Jun Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-359, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-359, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
By using an updated soil reactive nitrogen emission scheme in the UI-WRF-Chem model, we investigate the underappreciated role of soil NO and HONO (Nr) emissions on air quality and temperature rise in North China. The significant contributions of soil Nr emissions to O3 and secondary pollutants, exceeding the effects of soil NOx or HONO emission alone. And soil Nr emissions play an important role in mitigating O3 pollution and addressing climate change.
Jean-François Müller, Trissevgeni Stavrakou, Glenn-Michael Oomen, Beata Opacka, Isabelle De Smedt, Alex Guenther, Corinne Vigouroux, Bavo Langerock, Carlos Augusto Bauer Aquino, Michel Grutter, James Hannigan, Frank Hase, Rigel Kivi, Erik Lutsch, Emmanuel Mahieu, Maria Makarova, Jean-Marc Metzger, Isamu Morino, Isao Murata, Tomoo Nagahama, Justus Notholt, Ivan Ortega, Mathias Palm, Amelie Röhling, Wolfgang Stremme, Kimberly Strong, Ralf Sussmann, Yao Té, and Alan Fried
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2207–2237, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2207-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2207-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Formaldehyde observations from satellites can be used to constrain the emissions of volatile organic compounds, but those observations have biases. Using an atmospheric model, aircraft and ground-based remote sensing data, we quantify these biases, propose a correction to the data, and assess the consequence of this correction for the evaluation of emissions.
Haipeng Lin, Louisa K. Emmons, Elizabeth W. Lundgren, Laura Hyesung Yang, Xu Feng, Ruijun Dang, Shixian Zhai, Yunxiao Tang, Makoto M. Kelp, Nadia K. Colombi, Sebastian D. Eastham, Thibaud M. Fritz, and Daniel J. Jacob
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-470, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-470, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Tropospheric ozone is a major air pollutant, greenhouse gas, and a major indicator of model skill. Global atmospheric chemistry models show large differences in simulations of tropospheric ozone but isolating sources of differences is complicated by different model environments. By implementing the GEOS-Chem model side-by-side to CAM-chem within a common Earth system model, we identify and evaluate specific differences between the two models and their impacts on key chemical species.
Joël Thanwerdas, Marielle Saunois, Antoine Berchet, Isabelle Pison, and Philippe Bousquet
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2129–2167, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2129-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2129-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the causes of the renewed growth of atmospheric methane (CH4) after 2007 using inverse modeling. We use the additional information provided by observations of CH4 isotopic compositions to better differentiate between the emission categories. Accounting for the large uncertainties in source signatures, our results suggest that the post-2007 increase in atmospheric CH4 was caused by similar increases in emissions from (1) fossil fuels and (2) agriculture and waste.
Robin Plauchu, Audrey Fortems-Cheiney, Grégoire Broquet, Isabelle Pison, Antoine Berchet, Elise Potier, Gaëlle Dufour, Adriana Coman, Dilek Savas, Guillaume Siour, and Henk Eskes
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-103, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-103, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Over 2019–2021, our study used satellite data to assess NOx emissions in France. National budgets decreased due to effective policies, but COVID-19 lockdowns in 2020 didn't uniformly reduce emissions. Focusing on urban areas revealed varied impacts, with challenges like cloud coverage and model errors limiting precision. These findings contribute valuable insights into factors influencing emission assessments, informing future research.
Maarten Krol, Bart van Stratum, Isidora Anglou, and Klaas Folkert Boersma
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2519, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2519, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents detailed plume simulations of nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide that are emitted from four large industrial facilities world-wide. Results from the high-resolution simulations that include atmospheric chemistry are compared to nitrogen-dioxide observations from satellites. We find good performance of the model and show that common assumptions that are used in simplified models need revision. This work is important for the monitoring of emissions using satellite data.
Heather Simon, Christian Hogrefe, Andrew Whitehill, Kristen M. Foley, Jennifer Liljegren, Norm Possiel, Benjamin Wells, Barron H. Henderson, Lukas C. Valin, Gail Tonnesen, K. Wyat Appel, and Shannon Koplitz
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1855–1871, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1855-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1855-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We assess observed and modeled ozone weekend–weekday differences in the USA from 2002–2019. A subset of urban areas that were NOx-saturated at the beginning of the period transitioned to NOx-limited conditions. Multiple rural areas of California were NOx-limited for the entire period but become less influenced by local day-of-week emission patterns in more recent years. The model produces more NOx-saturated conditions than the observations but captures trends in weekend–weekday ozone patterns.
Rodrigo J. Seguel, Lucas Castillo, Charlie Opazo, Néstor Y. Rojas, Thiago Nogueira, María Cazorla, Mario Gavidia-Calderón, Laura Gallardo, René Garreaud, Tomás Carrasco-Escaff, and Yasin Elshorbany
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-328, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-328, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Our research found that surface ozone trends in major South American cities increase or remain steady but show no signs of decreasing. Extra-tropical cities (Santiago and São Paulo), in particular, face the highest risk of ozone exposure. Furthermore, we found that prolonged heat waves and large fires explain many of the most extreme ozone values.
Ryan S. Williams, Michaela I. Hegglin, Patrick Jöckel, Hella Garny, and Keith P. Shine
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1389–1413, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1389-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1389-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
During winter, a brief but abrupt reversal of the mean stratospheric westerly flow (~30 km high) around the Arctic occurs ~6 times a decade. Using a chemistry–climate model, about half of these events are shown to induce large anomalies in Arctic ozone (>25 %) and water vapour (>±25 %) around ~8–12 km altitude for up to 2–3 months, important for weather forecasting. We also calculate a doubling to trebling of the risk in breaches of mid-latitude surface air quality (ozone) standards (~60 ppbv).
Rona L. Thompson, Stephen A. Montzka, Martin K. Vollmer, Jgor Arduini, Molly Crotwell, Paul B. Krummel, Chris Lunder, Jens Mühle, Simon O'Doherty, Ronald G. Prinn, Stefan Reimann, Isaac Vimont, Hsiang Wang, Ray F. Weiss, and Dickon Young
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1415–1427, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1415-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1415-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The hydroxyl radical determines the atmospheric lifetimes of numerous species including methane. Since OH is very short-lived, it is not possible to directly measure its concentration on scales relevant for understanding its effect on other species. Here, OH is inferred by looking at changes in hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). We find that OH levels have been fairly stable over our study period (2004 to 2021), suggesting that OH is not the main driver of the recent increase in atmospheric methane.
Zhendong Wu, Alex Vermeulen, Yousuke Sawa, Ute Karstens, Wouter Peters, Remco de Kok, Xin Lan, Yasuyuki Nagai, Akinori Ogi, and Oksana Tarasova
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1249–1264, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1249-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1249-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study focuses on exploring the differences in calculating global surface CO2 and its growth rate, considering the impact of analysis methodologies and site selection. Our study reveals that the current global CO2 network has a good capacity to represent global surface CO2 and its growth rate, as well as trends in atmospheric CO2 mass changes. However, small differences exist in different analyses due to the impact of methodology and site selection.
Yang Yang, Yang Zhou, Hailong Wang, Mengyun Li, Huimin Li, Pinya Wang, Xu Yue, Ke Li, Jia Zhu, and Hong Liao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1177–1191, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1177-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1177-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study reveals that extreme ozone pollution over the North China Plain and Yangtze River Delta is due to the chemical production related to hot and dry conditions, and the regional transport explains the ozone pollution over the Sichuan Basin and Pearl River Delta. The frequency of meteorological conditions of the extreme ozone pollution increases from the past to the future. The sustainable scenario is the optimal path to retaining clean air in China in the future.
Victoria A. Flood, Kimberly Strong, Cynthia H. Whaley, Kaley A. Walker, Thomas Blumenstock, James W. Hannigan, Johan Mellqvist, Justus Notholt, Mathias Palm, Amelie N. Röhling, Stephen Arnold, Stephen Beagley, Rong-You Chien, Jesper Christensen, Makoto Deushi, Srdjan Dobricic, Xinyi Dong, Joshua S. Fu, Michael Gauss, Wanmin Gong, Joakim Langner, Kathy S. Law, Louis Marelle, Tatsuo Onishi, Naga Oshima, David A. Plummer, Luca Pozzoli, Jean-Christophe Raut, Manu A. Thomas, Svetlana Tsyro, and Steven Turnock
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1079–1118, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1079-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1079-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
It is important to understand the composition of the Arctic atmosphere and how it is changing. Atmospheric models provide simulations that can inform policy. This study examines simulations of CH4, CO, and O3 by 11 models. Model performance is assessed by comparing results matched in space and time to measurements from five high-latitude ground-based infrared spectrometers. This work finds that models generally underpredict the concentrations of these gases in the Arctic troposphere.
Yao Ge, Sverre Solberg, Mathew Heal, Stefan Reimann, Willem van Caspel, Bryan Hellack, Thérèse Salameh, and David Simpson
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-3102, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-3102, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOC) constitute many species, acting as precursors to ozone and aerosol. Given the uncertainties in VOC emissions, lack of evaluation studies, and recent changes in emissions, this work adapts the EMEP MSC-W to evaluate emission inventories in Europe. We focus on the varying agreement between modelled and measured VOCs across different species, and underscore potential inaccuracies in total and sector-specific emission estimates.
Roger Teoh, Zebediah Engberg, Marc Shapiro, Lynnette Dray, and Marc E. J. Stettler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 725–744, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-725-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-725-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Emissions from aircraft contribute to climate change and degrade air quality. We describe an up-to-date 4D emissions inventory of global aviation from 2019 to 2021 based on actual flown trajectories. In 2019, 40.2 million flights collectively travelled 61 billion kilometres using 283 Tg of fuel. Long-haul flights were responsible for 43 % of CO2. The emissions inventory is made available for use in future studies to evaluate the negative externalities arising from global aviation.
Jonas Hachmeister, Oliver Schneising, Michael Buchwitz, John P. Burrows, Justus Notholt, and Matthias Buschmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 577–595, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-577-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-577-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We quantified changes in atmospheric methane concentrations using satellite data and a dynamic linear model approach. We calculated global annual methane increases for the years 2019–2022, which are in good agreement with other sources. For zonal methane growth rates, we identified strong inter-hemispheric differences in 2019 and 2022. For 2022, we could attribute decreases in the global growth rate to the Northern Hemisphere, possibly related to a reduction in anthropogenic emissions.
Glenn-Michael Oomen, Jean-François Müller, Trissevgeni Stavrakou, Isabelle De Smedt, Thomas Blumenstock, Rigel Kivi, Maria Makarova, Mathias Palm, Amelie Röhling, Yao Té, Corinne Vigouroux, Martina M. Friedrich, Udo Frieß, François Hendrick, Alexis Merlaud, Ankie Piters, Andreas Richter, Michel Van Roozendael, and Thomas Wagner
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 449–474, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-449-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-449-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Natural emissions from vegetation have a profound impact on air quality for their role in the formation of harmful tropospheric ozone and organic aerosols, yet these emissions are highly uncertain. In this study, we quantify emissions of organic gases over Europe using high-quality satellite measurements of formaldehyde. These satellite observations suggest that emissions from vegetation are much higher than predicted by models, especially in southern Europe.
Yongliang She, Jingyi Li, Xiaopu Lyu, Hai Guo, Momei Qin, Xiaodong Xie, Kangjia Gong, Fei Ye, Jianjiong Mao, Lin Huang, and Jianlin Hu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 219–233, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-219-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-219-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we use multi-site volatile organic compound (VOC) measurements to evaluate the CMAQ-model-predicted VOCs and assess the impacts of VOC bias on O3 simulation. Our results demonstrate that current modeling setups and emission inventories are likely to underpredict VOC concentrations, and this underprediction of VOCs contributes to lower O3 predictions in China.
Peiyang Cheng, Arastoo Pour-Biazar, Yuling Wu, Shi Kuang, Richard T. McNider, and William J. Koshak
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 41–63, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-41-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-41-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Lightning-induced nitrogen monoxide (LNO) emission can be estimated from geostationary satellite observations. The present study uses the LNO emission estimates derived from geostationary satellite observations in an air quality modeling system to investigate the impact of LNO on air quality. Results indicate that significant ozone increase could be due to long-distance chemical transport, lightning activity in the upwind direction, and the mixing of high LNO (or ozone) plumes.
Christian Rödenbeck, Karina E. Adcock, Markus Eritt, Maksym Gachkivskyi, Christoph Gerbig, Samuel Hammer, Armin Jordan, Ralph F. Keeling, Ingeborg Levin, Fabian Maier, Andrew C. Manning, Heiko Moossen, Saqr Munassar, Penelope A. Pickers, Michael Rothe, Yasunori Tohjima, and Sönke Zaehle
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15767–15782, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15767-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15767-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The carbon dioxide content of the Earth atmosphere is increasing due to human emissions from burning of fossil fuels, causing global climate change. The strength of the fossil-fuel emissions is estimated by inventories based on energy data, but independent validation of these inventories has been recommended by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Here we investigate the potential to validate inventories based on measurements of small changes in the atmospheric oxygen content.
Xiaohong Yao and Leiming Zhang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2968, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2968, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates long-term trends of criteria air pollutants, including NO2, CO, SO2, O3 and PM2.5, and (NO2+O3) measured in ten Canadian cities during the last two to three decades and associated driving forces in terms of emission reductions, perturbations from varying weather conditions and large-scale wildfires, and changes in O3 sources and sinks.
Xuewei Hou, Oliver Wild, Bin Zhu, and James Lee
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15395–15411, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15395-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15395-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In response to the climate crisis, many countries have committed to net zero in a certain future year. The impacts of net-zero scenarios on tropospheric O3 are less well studied and remain unclear. In this study, we quantified the changes of tropospheric O3 budgets, spatiotemporal distributions of future surface O3 in east Asia and regional O3 source contributions for 2060 under a net-zero scenario using the NCAR Community Earth System Model (CESM) and online O3-tagging methods.
Jian Zhu, Shanshan Wang, Chuanqi Gu, Zhiwen Jiang, Sanbao Zhang, Ruibin Xue, Yuhao Yan, and Bin Zhou
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2142, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2142, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In 2022, Shanghai implemented city-wide static management measures during the high-ozone season in April and May, providing a change to study ozone pollution control. Despite significant emissions reductions, ozone levels increased by 23 %. Statistically, the number of days with higher ozone diurnal variation types increased during the lockdown period. The uneven decline in VOC and NO2 emissions led to heightened photochemical processes, resulting in the observed ozone level rise.
Meghna Soni, Rolf Sander, Lokesh K. Sahu, Domenico Taraborrelli, Pengfei Liu, Ankit Patel, Imran A. Girach, Andrea Pozzer, Sachin S. Gunthe, and Narendra Ojha
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15165–15180, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15165-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15165-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The study presents the implementation of comprehensive multiphase chlorine chemistry in the box model CAABA/MECCA. Simulations for contrasting urban environments of Asia and Europe highlight the significant impacts of chlorine on atmospheric oxidation capacity and composition. Chemical processes governing the production and loss of chlorine-containing species has been discussed. The updated chemical mechanism will be useful to interpret field measurements and for future air quality studies.
Ling Huang, Jiong Fang, Jiaqiang Liao, Greg Yarwood, Hui Chen, Yangjun Wang, and Li Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14919–14932, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14919-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14919-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Surface ozone concentrations have emerged as a major environmental issue in China. Although control strategies aimed at reducing NOx emissions from conventional combustion sources are widely recognized, soil NOx emissions have received little attention. The impact of soil NO emissions on ground-level ozone concentration is yet to be evaluated. In this study, we estimated the soil NO emissions and evaluated its impact on ozone formation in China.
Cited articles
Balkanski, Y., Myhre, G., Gauss, M., Rädel, G., Highwood, E. J., and Shine, K. P.: Direct radiative effect of aerosols emitted by transport: from road, shipping and aviation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 4477–4489, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-4477-2010, 2010.
Barrett, S. R. H., Britter, R. E., and Waitz, I. A.: Global mortality
attributable to aircraft cruise emissions, Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 7736–7742, https://doi.org/10.1021/es101325r, 2010.
Bauer, S., Balkanski, Y., Schulz, M., Hauglustaine, D. A., and Dentener, F.:
Heterogeneous chemistry on mineral aerosol surfaces: a global modelling
study on the influence on tropospheric ozone chemistry and comparison to
observations, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D02304,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD003868, 2004.
Berntsen, T. K., Fuglestvedt, J. S., Joshi, M., Shine, K. P., Stuber, N.,
Ponater, M., Sausen, R., Hauglustaine, D. A., and Li, L.: Climate response
to regional emissions of ozone precursors; sensitivities and warming
potentials, Tellus B, 57, 283–304, 2005.
Bian, H., Chin, M., Hauglustaine, D. A., Schulz, M., Myhre, G., Bauer, S. E., Lund, M. T., Karydis, V. A., Kucsera, T. L., Pan, X., Pozzer, A., Skeie, R. B., Steenrod, S. D., Sudo, K., Tsigaridis, K., Tsimpidi, A. P., and Tsyro, S. G.: Investigation of global particulate nitrate from the AeroCom phase III experiment, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 12911–12940, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12911-2017, 2017.
Boucher, O., Friedlingstein, P., Collins, B., and Shine, K. P.: The indirect
global warming potential and global temperature change potential due to
methane oxidation, Environ. Res. Lett., 4, 4, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/4/4/044007, 2009.
Boucher, O., Servonnat, J., Albright, A. L., Aumont, O., Balkanski, Y., Bastrikov, V., Bekki, S., Bonnet, R., Bony, S., Bopp, L., Braconnot, P., Brockmann, P., Cadule, P., Caubel, A., Cheruy, F., Codron, F., Cozic, A., Cugnet, D., D'Andrea, P., Davini, de Lavergne, C., Denvil, S., Deshayes, J., Devilliers, M., Ducharne, A., Dufresne, J.-L., Dupont, E., Éthé, C., Fairhead, L., Falletti, F., Flavoni, S., Foujols, M.-A., Gardoll, S., Gastineau, G., Ghattas, J., Grandpeix, J.-Y., Guenet, B., Guez, L., Guilyardi, E., Guimberteau, M., Hauglustaine, D., Hourdin, F., Idelkadi, A., Joussaume, S., Kageyama, M., Khodri, M., Krinner, G., Lebas, N., Levavasseur, G., Lévy, C., Li, L., Lott, F., Lurton, T., Luyssaert, S., Madec, G., Madeleine, J. B., Maignan, F., Marchand, M., Marti, O., Mellul, L., Meurdesoif, Y., Mignot, J., Musat, I., Ottlé, C., Peylin, P., Planton, Y., Polcher, J., Rio, C., Rochetin, N., Rousset, C., Sepulchre, P., Sima, A., Swingedouw, D., Thiéblemont, R., Traore, A., K., Vancoppenolle, M., Vial, J., Vialard, J., Viovy, N., and Vuichard, N.: Presentation and evaluation of the IPSL-CM6A-LR
climate model, J. Adv. Model. Earth Sy., 12, e2019MS002010.
https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS002010, 2020.
Boucher, O., Borella, A., Gasser, T., and Hauglustaine, D.: On the
contribution of global aviation to the CO2 radiative forcing of climate,
Atmos. Environ., 267, 118761,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118762, 2021.
Bousquet, P., Yver, C., Pison, I., Li, Y. S., Fortems, A., Hauglustaine, D.,
Szopa, S., Rayner, P. J., Novelli, P., Langenfelds, R., Steele, P., Ramonet,
M., Schmidt, M., Foster, P., Morfopulos, C., and Ciais, P.: A 3D synthesis
inversion of the molecular hydrogen cycle: sources and sinks budget
implications for the soil uptake, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D01302,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD014599, 2011.
Bouwman, A. F., Lee, D. S., Asman, W. A. H., Dentener, F. J., Van Der Hoek,
K. W., and Olivier, J. G. J.: A global high-resolution emission inventory
for ammonia, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 11, 561–587, 1997.
Brasseur, G. P., Cox, R. A., Hauglustaine, D. A., Isaksen, I., Lelieveld, J.,
Lister, D. H., Sausen, R., Schumann, U., Wahner, A., and Wiesen, P.: European
scientific assessment of the atmospheric effects of aircraft emissions,
Atmos. Environ., 32, 2329–2418, 1998.
Brasseur, G. P., Gupta, M., Anderson, B. E., Balasubramanian, S., Barrett, S., Duda, D., Fleming, G., Forster, P. M., Fuglestvedt, J., Gettelman, A., Halthore, R. N., Jacob, S. D., Jacobson, M. Z., Khodayari, A., Liou, K.-N., Lund, M. T., Miake-Lye, R. C., Minnis, P., Olsen, S., Penner, J. E., Prinn, R., Schumann, U., Selkirk, H. B., Sokolov, A., Unger, N., Wolfe, P., Wong, H.-W., Wuebbles, D. W., Yi, B., Yang, P., and Zhou, C.: Impact of aviation on climate, B. Am. Meteorol.
Soc., 97, 561–583, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00089.1, 2016.
Brunner, D., Staehelin, J., Rogers, H. L., Köhler, M. O., Pyle, J. A., Hauglustaine, D., Jourdain, L., Berntsen, T. K., Gauss, M., Isaksen, I. S. A., Meijer, E., van Velthoven, P., Pitari, G., Mancini, E., Grewe, G., and Sausen, R.: An evaluation of the performance of chemistry transport models by comparison with research aircraft observations. Part 1: Concepts and overall model performance, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 1609–1631, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-1609-2003, 2003.
Brunner, D., Staehelin, J., Rogers, H. L., Köhler, M. O., Pyle, J. A., Hauglustaine, D. A., Jourdain, L., Berntsen, T. K., Gauss, M., Isaksen, I. S. A., Meijer, E., van Velthoven, P., Pitari, G., Mancini, E., Grewe, V., and Sausen, R.: An evaluation of the performance of chemistry transport models – Part 2: Detailed comparison with two selected campaigns, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 107–129, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-5-107-2005, 2005.
Cameron, M. A., Jacobson, M. Z., Barrett, S. R. H., Bian, H., Chen, C. C.,
Eastham, S. D., Gettelman, A., Khodayari, A., Liang, Q., Selkirk, H. B.,
Unger, N., Wuebbles, D. J., and Yue, X.: An intercomparative study of the
effects of aircraft emissions on surface air quality, J. Geophys. Res. 122,
8325–8344, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025594, 2017.
Carslaw, K., Luo, B., and Peter, T.: An analytic expression for the
composite of aqueous HNO3 -H2SO4 stratospheric aerosols
including gas phase removal of HNO3, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 1877–1880, 1995.
Clappier, A., Belis, C. A., Pernigotti, D., and Thunis, P.: Source apportionment and sensitivity analysis: two methodologies with two different purposes, Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 4245–4256, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-4245-2017, 2017.
Cohen, Y., Petetin, H., Thouret, V., Marécal, V., Josse, B., Clark, H., Sauvage, B., Fontaine, A., Athier, G., Blot, R., Boulanger, D., Cousin, J.-M., and Nédélec, P.: Climatology and long-term evolution of ozone and carbon monoxide in the upper troposphere–lower stratosphere (UTLS) at northern midlatitudes, as seen by IAGOS from 1995 to 2013, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 5415–5453, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5415-2018, 2018.
Cohen, Y., Marecal, V., Thouret, V., Josse, B., and Boulanger, D.: Interpol-IAGOS software, Aeris [software], https://doi.org/10.25326/81 (last access: 12 September 2022), 2020.
Cohen, Y., Marécal, V., Josse, B., and Thouret, V.: Interpol-IAGOS: a new method for assessing long-term chemistry–climate simulations in the UTLS based on IAGOS data, and its application to the MOCAGE CCMI REF-C1SD simulation, Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 2659–2689, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-2659-2021, 2021.
Collins, W. J., Lamarque, J.-F., Schulz, M., Boucher, O., Eyring, V., Hegglin, M. I., Maycock, A., Myhre, G., Prather, M., Shindell, D., and Smith, S. J.: AerChemMIP: quantifying the effects of chemistry and aerosols in CMIP6, Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 585–607, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-585-2017, 2017.
Dahlmann, K, Grewe, V., Ponater, M., and Matthes, S.: Quantifying the
contributions of individual NOx sources to the trend in ozone radiative
forcing, Atmos. Environ, 45, 2860–2868,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.02.071, 2011.
Derwent, R. G., Collins, W. J., Johnson, C. E., and Stevenson, D. S.:
Transient behaviour of tropospheric ozone precursors in a global 3-D CTM and
their indirect greenhouse effects, Climatic Change, 49, 463–487,
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010648913655, 2001.
Eastham, S. D. and Barrett, S. R. H.: Aviation-Attributable Ozone as a
Driver for Changes in Mortality Related to Air Quality and Skin Cancer,
Atmos. Environ., 144, 17–23, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.08.040,
2016.
Emanuel, K. A.: A scheme for representing cumulus convection in large-scale
models, J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 2313–2335, 1991.
Etminan, M., Myhre, G., Highwood, E. J., and Shine, K. P.: Radiative forcing of
carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide: A significant revision of the
methane radiative forcing, Geophys. Res. Lett., 43, 12614–12623,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL071930, 2016.
Eyers, C. J., Addleton, D., Atkinson, K., Broomhead, M. J., Christou, R.,
Elliff, T., Falk, R., Gee, I., Lee, D. S., Marizy, C., Michot, S., Middel,
J., Newton, P., Norman, P., Plohr, M., Raper, D., and Stanciou, N.: AERO2K
Global Aviation Emissions Inventories for 2002 and 2025, QINETIQ/04/01113,
Farnborough, Hants, UK, https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/7313363/aero2k-global-aviation-emissions-inventories-for-2002-and-2025 (last access: 7 September 2022), 2005.
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA): Recommended best practice for
quantifying speciated organic gas emissions from aircraft equipped with
turbofan, turbojet and turboprop engines, https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyNET.exe/P1003YX3 (last access: 7 September 2022), 2009.
Fiore, A. M., Dentener, F. J., Wild, O., Cuvelier, C., Schultz, M. G., Hess,
P., Textor, C., Schulz, M., Doherty, R. M., Horowitz, L. W., MacKenzie, I.
A., Sanderson, M. G., Shindell, D. T., Stevenson, D. S., Szopa, S., Van
Dingenen, R., Zeng, G., Atherton, C., Bergmann, D., Bey, I., Carmichael, G.,
Collins, W. J., Duncan, B. N., Faluvegi, G., Folberth, G., Gauss, M., Gong,
S., Hauglustaine, D., Holloway, T., Isaksen, I. S. A., Jacob, D. J., Jonson,
J. E., Kaminski, J. W., Keating, T. J., Lupu, A., Marmer, E., Montanaro, V.,
Park, R. J., Pitari, G., Pringle, K. J., Pyle, J. A., Schroeder, S.,
Vivanco, M. G., Wind, P., Wojcik, G., Wu, S., and Zuber, A.: Multimodel
estimates of intercontinental source-receptor relationships for ozone
pollution, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D04301.
https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JD010816, 2009.
Folberth, G. A., Hauglustaine, D. A., Ciais, P., and Lathière, J.: On
the role of atmospheric chemistry in the global CO2 budget, Geophys.
Res. Lett, 32, L08801, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GL021812, 2005.
Folberth, G. A., Hauglustaine, D. A., Lathière, J., and Brocheton, F.: Interactive chemistry in the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique general circulation model: model description and impact analysis of biogenic hydrocarbons on tropospheric chemistry, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 2273–2319, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-2273-2006, 2006.
Forster, P., Storelvmo, T., Armour, K., Collins, W., Dufresne, J.-L., Frame, D.,
Lunt, D. J., Mauritsen, T., Palmer, M. D., Watanabe, M., Wild, M., and Zhang, H.: 2021: The Earth's Energy Budget, Climate Feedbacks, and Climate Sensitivity, in: Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working
Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change, edited by: Masson-Delmotte, V., Zhai, P., Pirani, A., Connors, S. L., Péan, C., Berger, S., Caud, N., Chen, Y., Goldfarb, L., Gomis, M. I., Huang, M., Leitzell, K., Lonnoy, E., Matthews, J. B. R., Maycock, T. K., Waterfield, T., Yelekçi, O., Yu, R., and Zhou, B., Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 923–1054, https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009157896.009, 2021.
Fouquart, Y. and Bonel, B.: Computations of solar heating of the earth's
atmosphere: a new parameterization, Beitr. Phys. Atmos., 53, 35–62, 1980.
Freeman, S., Lee, D. S., Lim, L. L., Skowron, A., and De Leon, R. R.:
Trading off aircraft fuel burn and NOx emissions for optimal climate
policy, Environ. Sci. Technol. 52, 2498–2505, 2018.
Frömming, C., Ponater, M., Dahlmann, K., Grewe, V., Lee, D. S., and Sausen,
R.: Aviation-induced radiative forcing and surface temperature change in
dependency of the emission altitude, J. Geophys. Res., 117, D19104,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD018204, 2012.
Fuglestvedt, J. S., Berntsen, T. K., Isaksen, I. S. A., Mao, H. T., Liang,
X. Z., and Wang, W. C.: Climatic forcing of nitrogen oxides through changes
in tropospheric ozone and methane; global 3D model studies, Atmos. Environ.,
33, 961–977, 1999.
Gauss, M., Isaksen, I. S. A., Lee, D. S., and Søvde, O. A.: Impact of aircraft NOx emissions on the atmosphere – tradeoffs to reduce the impact, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 1529–1548, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-1529-2006, 2006.
Gilmore, C. K., Barrett, S. R. H., Koo, J., and Wang, Q.: Temporal and spatial
variability in the aviation NOx-related O3 impact, Environ. Res. Lett., 8,
034027, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/034027, 2013.
Gliß, J., Mortier, A., Schulz, M., Andrews, E., Balkanski, Y., Bauer, S.
E., Benedictow, A. M. K., Bian, H., Checa-Garcia, R., Chin, M., Ginoux, P.,
Griesfeller, J. J., Heckel, A., Kipling, Z., Kirkevåg, A., Kokkola, H.,
Laj, P., Le Sager, P., Lund, M. T., Lund Myhre, C., Matsui, H., Myhre, G.,
Neubauer, D., van Noije, T., North, P., Olivié, D. J. L., Rémy, S.,
Sogacheva, L., Takemura, T., Tsigaridis, K., and Tsyro, S. G.: AeroCom phase
III multi-model evaluation of the aerosol life cycle and optical properties
using ground- and space-based remote sensing as well as surface in situ
observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 87–128,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-87-2021, 2021.
Grewe, V., Dameris, M., Fichter, C., and Lee, D.: Impact of aircraft NOx
emissions. Part 2: Effects of lowering the flight altitude, Meteorol. Z., 3,
197–205, 2002.
Grewe, V. and Stenke, A.: AirClim: an efficient tool for climate evaluation of aircraft technology, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 4621–4639, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-4621-2008, 2008.
Grewe, V., Frömming, C., Matthes, S., Brinkop, S., Ponater, M., Dietmüller, S., Jöckel, P., Garny, H., Tsati, E., Dahlmann, K., Søvde, O. A., Fuglestvedt, J., Berntsen, T. K., Shine, K. P., Irvine, E. A., Champougny, T., and Hullah, P.: Aircraft routing with minimal climate impact: the REACT4C climate cost function modelling approach (V1.0), Geosci. Model Dev., 7, 175–201, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-175-2014, 2014.
Grewe, V., Matthes, S., and Dahlmann, K.: The contribution of aviation NOx to
climate change: are we ignoring methodological flaws?, Environ. Res. Lett.,
14, 121003, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab5dd7, 2019.
Hanson, D., Ravishankara, A. R., and Solomon, S.: Heterogeneous reactions in
sulfuric acid aerosols: A framework for model calculations, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 3615–3629, 1988.
Hauglustaine D. A., Granier, C., Brasseur G. P., and Mégie, G.: Impact
of present aircraft emissions of nitrogen oxides on tropospheric ozone and
climate forcing, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 2031–2034, 1994.
Hauglustaine, D. A., Hourdin, F., Jourdain, L., Filiberti, M. A., Walters,
S., Lamarque, J. F., and Holland, E. A.: Interactive chemistry in the
Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique general circulation model: Description
and background tropospheric chemistry evaluation, J. Geophys. Res., 109,
D04314, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD003957, 2004.
Hauglustaine, D. A. and Koffi, B.: Boundary layer ozone pollution caused by
future aircraft emissions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L13808, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL052008, 2012.
Hauglustaine, D. A., Balkanski, Y., and Schulz, M.: A global model simulation of present and future nitrate aerosols and their direct radiative forcing of climate, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 11031–11063, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-11031-2014, 2014.
Hodnebrog, Ø., Berntsen, T. K., Dessens, O., Gauss, M., Grewe, V., Isaksen, I. S. A., Koffi, B., Myhre, G., Olivié, D., Prather, M. J., Pyle, J. A., Stordal, F., Szopa, S., Tang, Q., van Velthoven, P., Williams, J. E., and Ødemark, K.: Future impact of non-land based traffic emissions on atmospheric ozone and OH – an optimistic scenario and a possible mitigation strategy, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 11293–11317, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-11293-2011, 2011.
Hodnebrog, Ø., Berntsen, T. K., Dessens, O., Gauss, M., Grewe, V., Isaksen, I. S. A., Koffi, B., Myhre, G., Olivié, D., Prather, M. J., Stordal, F., Szopa, S., Tang, Q., van Velthoven, P., and Williams, J. E.: Future impact of traffic emissions on atmospheric ozone and OH based on two scenarios, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 12211–12225, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-12211-2012, 2012.
Hoesly, R. M., Smith, S. J., Feng, L., Klimont, Z., Janssens-Maenhout, G., Pitkanen, T., Seibert, J. J., Vu, L., Andres, R. J., Bolt, R. M., Bond, T. C., Dawidowski, L., Kholod, N., Kurokawa, J.-I., Li, M., Liu, L., Lu, Z., Moura, M. C. P., O'Rourke, P. R., and Zhang, Q.: Historical (1750–2014) anthropogenic emissions of reactive gases and aerosols from the Community Emissions Data System (CEDS), Geosci. Model Dev., 11, 369–408, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-369-2018, 2018.
Holmes, C. D.: Methane feedback on atmospheric chemistry: Methods, models,
and mechanisms, J. Adv. Model. Earth Sy., 10, 1087–1099,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2017MS001196, 2018.
Holmes, C. D., Tang, Q., and Prather, M.: Uncertainties in climate assessment
for the case of aviation NO, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 108, 10997–11002, 2011.
Hoor, P., Borken-Kleefeld, J., Caro, D., Dessens, O., Endresen, O., Gauss, M., Grewe, V., Hauglustaine, D., Isaksen, I. S. A., Jöckel, P., Lelieveld, J., Myhre, G., Meijer, E., Olivie, D., Prather, M., Schnadt Poberaj, C., Shine, K. P., Staehelin, J., Tang, Q., van Aardenne, J., van Velthoven, P., and Sausen, R.: The impact of traffic emissions on atmospheric ozone and OH: results from QUANTIFY, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 3113–3136, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-3113-2009, 2009.
Hourdin, F. and Armengaud, A.: The use of finite-volume methods for
atmospheric advection of trace species 1. Test of various formulations in a
general circulation model, Mon. Weather Rev., 127, 822–837, 1999.
Hourdin, F., Grandpeix, J.-Y., Madeleine, J.-B., Chéruy, F., Rochetin, N., Musat, I., Idelkadi, A., Fairhead, L., Foujols, M.-A., Mellul, L., Traore, A.-K., Dufresne, J.-L., Boucher, O., Lefebvre, M.-P., Millour, E., Vignon, E., Jouaud, J., Diallo, F. B., Lott, F., Caubel, A., Meurdesoif, Y., and Ghattas, J.: LMDZ6A: the atmospheric component of the IPSL climate model with improved and better tuned physics, J. Adv. Model. Earth Sy., 12, e2019MS001892, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001892, 2020.
Huszar, P., Teyssèdre, H., Michou, M., Voldoire, A., Olivié, D. J. L., Saint-Martin, D., Cariolle, D., Senesi, S., Salas Y Melia, D., Alias, A., Karcher, F., Ricaud, P., and Halenka, T.: Modeling the present and future impact of aviation on climate: an AOGCM approach with online coupled chemistry, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 10027–10048, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-10027-2013, 2013.
IAGOS: IAGOS, In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System, Aeris, https://doi.org/10.25326/20, 2022.
Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL): Climate Modelling Center Coupled Model, https://cmc.ipsl.fr/ipslclimate-models/ipsl-cm6/, last access: 12 September 2022.
Ivanovich, C. C., Ocko, I. B., Piris-Cabezas, P., and Petsonk, A.: Climate benefits of proposed carbon dioxide mitigation strategies for international shipping and aviation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 14949–14965, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14949-2019, 2019.
Jourdain, L. and Hauglustaine, D. A.: The global distribution of lightning
NOx simulated on-line in a general circulation model, Phys. Chem. Earth, 26,
585–591, 2001.
Kapadia, Z. Z., Spracklen, D. V., Arnold, S. R., Borman, D. J., Mann, G. W., Pringle, K. J., Monks, S. A., Reddington, C. L., Benduhn, F., Rap, A., Scott, C. E., Butt, E. W., and Yoshioka, M.: Impacts of aviation fuel sulfur content on climate and human health, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 10521–10541, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-10521-2016, 2016.
Kärcher, B.: Formation and radiative forcing of contrail cirrus, Nat.
Commun., 9, 1824, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04068-0, 2018.
Khodayari, A., Tilmes, S., Olsen, S. C., Phoenix, D. B., Wuebbles, D. J., Lamarque, J.-F., and Chen, C.-C.: Aviation 2006 NOx-induced effects on atmospheric ozone and HOx in Community Earth System Model (CESM), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 9925–9939, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-9925-2014, 2014a.
Khodayari, A., Olsen, S. C., and Wuebbles, D. J.: Evaluation of aviation
NOx-induced radiative forcings for 2005 and 2050, Atmos. Environ., 91,
95–103, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.03.044, 2014b.
Khodayari, A., Olsen, S. C., Wuebbles, D. J., and Phoenix, D. B.: Aviation
NOx-induced CH4 effect: fixed mixing ratio boundary conditions versus flux
boundary conditions, Atmos. Environ., 113, 135–139, 2015.
Kinnison, D. E., Brasseur, G. P., Walters, S., Garcia, R. R., Marsh, D. R.,
Sassi, F., Harvey, V. L., Randall, C. E., Emmons, L., Lamarque, J. F., Hess,
P., Orlando, J. J., Tie, X. X., Randel, W., Pan, L. L., Gettelman, A.,
Granier, C., Diehl, T., Niemeier, U., and Simmons, A. J.: Sensitivity of
chemical tracers to meteorological parameters in the MOZART-3 chemical
transport model, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D20302,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007879, 2007.
Koffi, B., Szopa, S., Cozic, A., Hauglustaine, D., and van Velthoven, P.: Present and future impact of aircraft, road traffic and shipping emissions on global tropospheric ozone, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 11681–11705, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-11681-2010, 2010.
Koffi, B., Schulz, M. , Bréon, F.-M., Dentener, F., Steensen, B. M., Griesfeller, J., Winker, D., Balkanski, Y., Bauer, S., Bellouin, N., Berntsen, T., Bian, H., Chin, M., Diehl, T., Easter, R., Ghan, S., Hauglustaine, D. A., Iversen, T.,
Kirkevag, A., Liu, X., Lohmann, U., Myhre, G., Rasch, P., Seland, O., Skeie, R. B.,
Steenrod, S. D., Stier, P., Takemura, T., Tsigaridis, K., Vuolo, M. R., Yoon, J., and Zhang, K.: Evaluation of the aerosol vertical distribution in global
transport models through comparison against CALIOP measurements: update
based on the AeroCom phase II simulations, J. Geophys. Res., 121,
7254–7283, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD024639, 2016.
Krinner, G., Viovy, N., de Noblet-Ducoudre, N., Ogee, J., Polcher, J.,
Friedlingstein, P., Ciais, P., Sitch, S., and Prentice, I. C.: A dynamic
global vegetation model for studies of the coupled atmosphere- biosphere
system, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 19, GB1015, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GB002199, 2005.
Lamarque, J.-F., Bond, T. C., Eyring, V., Granier, C., Heil, A., Klimont, Z., Lee, D., Liousse, C., Mieville, A., Owen, B., Schultz, M. G., Shindell, D., Smith, S. J., Stehfest, E., Van Aardenne, J., Cooper, O. R., Kainuma, M., Mahowald, N., McConnell, J. R., Naik, V., Riahi, K., and van Vuuren, D. P.: Historical (1850–2000) gridded anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions of reactive gases and aerosols: methodology and application, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 7017–7039, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7017-2010, 2010.
Lamarque, J.-F., Kyle, G. P., Meinshausen, M., Riahi, K., Smith, S. J., van
Vuuren, D. P., Conley, A. J., and Vitt, F.: Global and regional evolution of
short-lived radiatively-active gases and aerosols in the Representative
Concentration Pathways, Climatic Change, 109, 191–212,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-011-0155-0, 2011.
Lathière, J., Hauglustaine, D. A., De Noblet-Ducoudré, N., Krinner,
G., and Folberth, G. A.: Past and future changes in biogenic volatile
organic compound emissions simulated with a global dynamic vegetation model,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L20818, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GL024164, 2005.
Lee, D. S., Fahey, D. W., Forster, P. M., Newton, P. J., Wit, R. C. N., Lim,
L. L., Owen, B., and Sausen, R.: Aviation and global climate change in the
21st century, Atmos. Environ., 43, 3520–3537, 2009.
Lee, D. S., Pitari, G., Grewe, V., Gierens, K., Penner, J. E., Petzold, A.,
Prather, M. J., Schumann, U., Bais, A., Berntsen, T., Iachetti, D., Lim, L.
L., and Sausen, R.: Transport impacts on atmosphere and climate: Aviation,
Atmos. Environ., 44, 4678–4734, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.06.005, 2010.
Lee, D. S., Fahey, D. W., Skowron, A., Allen, M. R., Burkhardt, U., Chen,
Q., Doherty, S. J., Freeman, S., Forster, P. M., Fuglestvedt, J., Gettelman,
A., De Léon, R. R., Lim, L. L., Lund, M. T., Millar, R. J., Owen, B.,
Penner, J. E., Pitari, G., Prather, M. J., Sausen, R., and Wilcox, L. J.:
The contribution of global aviation to anthropogenic climate forcing for
2000 to 2018, Atmos. Environ., 244, 117834,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117834, 2021.
Lee, H., Olsen, S. C., Wuebbles, D. J., and Youn, D.: Impacts of aircraft emissions on the air quality near the ground, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 5505–5522, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-5505-2013, 2013.
Lefèvre, F., Brasseur, G. P., Folkins, I., Smith, A. K., and Simon, P.:
Chemistry of the 1991–1992 stratospheric winter: three-dimensional model
simulations, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 8183, https://doi.org/10.1029/93JD03476, 1994.
Li B., Gasser, T., Ciais, P., Piao, S., Tao, S., Balkanski, Y.,
Hauglustaine, D., Boisier, J.-P., Chen, Z., Li, L. Z., Li, Y., Liu, H., Liu,
J., Peng, S., Sun, Z., Wang, R., Wang, T., Yin, G., Yin, Y., Zeng, Z., and
Zhou, F.: The contribution of China's emissions to global climate forcing,
Nature, 531, 357–362, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature17165, 2016.
Lim, L. L., Lee, D. S., Owen, B., Skowron, A., Matthes, S., Burkhardt, U.,
Dietmuller, S., Pitari, G., Di Genova, G., Iachetti, D., Isaksen, I., and
Søvde, O. A.: REACT4C: Simplified mitigation study, TAC-4 Proceedings,
22 to 25 June 2015, Bad Kohlgrub, 181–185, ISSN 1434-8454, 2015.
Lund, M. T., Aamaas, B., Berntsen, T., Bock, L., Burkhardt, U., Fuglestvedt, J. S., and Shine, K. P.: Emission metrics for quantifying regional climate impacts of aviation, Earth Syst. Dynam., 8, 547–563, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-8-547-2017, 2017.
Marenco, A., Thouret, V., Nédélec, P., Smit, H., Helten, M., Kley,
D., Karsher, F., Simon, P., Law, K., Pyle, J., Poschmann, G., Von Wrede, R.,
Hume, C., and Cook, T.: Measurement of ozone and water vapour by Airbus
in-service aircraft: The MOZAIC airborne programme, an overview, J. Geophys.
Res., 103, 25 631–642, https://doi.org/10.1029/98JD00977, 1998.
Matthes, S., Schumann, U., Grewe, V., Frömming, C., Dahlmann, K., Koch,
A., and Mannstein, H.: Climate Optimized Air Transport, edited by:
Schumann, U., ISBN 978-3-642-30182-7, ISBN 978-3-642-30183-4 (eBook),
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30183-4, Springer, Heidelberg, New York, 2012.
Matthes, S., Grewe, V., Dahlmann, K., Frömming, C., Irvine, E., Lim, L.,
Linke, F., Lührs, B., Owen, B., Shine, K., Stromatas, S., Yamashita, H., and Yin, F.: A concept for multi-dimensional environmental assessment of
aircraft trajectories, Aerospace, 4, 42,
https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace4030042, 2017.
Matthes., S, Lim, L., Burkhardt, U., Dahlmann, K., Dietmüller, S.,
Grewe, V. Haslerud, A. S., Hendricks, J., Owen, B., Pitari, G., Righi, M.,
and Skowron, A.: Mitigation of non-CO2 aviation's climate impact by
changing cruise altitudes, Aerospace, 8, 36,
https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace8020036, 2021.
Morcrette, J.-J.: Radiation and cloud radiative properties in the European
Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts forecasting system, J. Geophys.
Res., 96, 9121–9132, 1991.
Morris, G. A., Rosenfield, J. E., Schoeberl, M. R., and Jackman, C. H.: Potential
impact of subsonic and supersonic aircraft exhaust on water vapour in the
lower stratosphere assessed via a trajectory model, J. Geophys. Res., 108,
4103, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002614, 2003.
Myhre, G., Highwood, E. J., Shine, K. P., and Stordal, F.: New estimates of radiative forcing due to well miwed greenhouse gases, Geophys. Res. Lett., 14, 2715–2718, 1998.
Myhre, G., Kvalevåg, M., Rädel, G., Cook, J., Shine, K. P., Clark,
H., Karcher, F., Markowicz, K., Kardas, A., Wolkenberg, P., Balkanski, Y.,
Ponater, M., Forster, P., Rap, A., and de Leon, R. R.: Intercomparison of
radiative forcing calculations of stratospheric water vapour and contrails,
Meteorol. Z., 18, 585–596, https://doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2009/0411,
2009.
Myhre, G., Shine, K. P., Rädel, G., Gauss, M., Isaksen, I. S. A., Tang,
Q., Prather, M. J., Williams, J. E., van Velthoven, P., Dessens, O., Koffi,
B., Szopa, S., Hoor, P., Grewe, V., Borken-Kleefeld, J., Berntsen, T. K.,
and Fuglestvedt, J. S.: Radiative forcing due to changes in ozone and
methane caused by the transport sector, Atmos. Environ., 45, 387–394,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.10.001, 2011.
Myhre, G., Samset, B. H., Schulz, M., Balkanski, Y., Bauer, S., Berntsen, T. K., Bian, H., Bellouin, N., Chin, M., Diehl, T., Easter, R. C., Feichter, J., Ghan, S. J., Hauglustaine, D., Iversen, T., Kinne, S., Kirkevåg, A., Lamarque, J.-F., Lin, G., Liu, X., Lund, M. T., Luo, G., Ma, X., van Noije, T., Penner, J. E., Rasch, P. J., Ruiz, A., Seland, Ø., Skeie, R. B., Stier, P., Takemura, T., Tsigaridis, K., Wang, P., Wang, Z., Xu, L., Yu, H., Yu, F., Yoon, J.-H., Zhang, K., Zhang, H., and Zhou, C.: Radiative forcing of the direct aerosol effect from AeroCom Phase II simulations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 1853–1877, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-1853-2013, 2013.
Nakicenovic, N. and R. Swart (Eds.): IPCC special report on emissions
scenarios, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, ISBN 0 521 80081 1, 2000.
Nedelec, P., Cammas, J.-P., Thouret, V., Athier, G., Cousin, J.-M., Legrand, C., Abonnel, C., Lecoeur, F., Cayez, G., and Marizy, C.: An improved infrared carbon monoxide analyser for routine measurements aboard commercial Airbus aircraft: technical validation and first scientific results of the MOZAIC III programme, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 1551–1564, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-1551-2003, 2003.
Nédélec, P., Blot, R., Boulanger, D., Athier, G., Cousin, J.-M.,
Gautron, B., Petzold, A., Volz-Thomas, A., and Thouret, V.: Instrumentation
on commercial aircraft for monitoring the atmospheric composition on a
global scale: the IAGOS system, technical overview of ozone and carbon
monoxide measurements, Tellus B, 67, 27791, https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v67.27791,
2015.
Olsen, S. C., Brasseur, G. P., Wuebbles, D. J., Barrett, S. R. H., Dang, H.,
Eastham, S. D., Jacobson, M. Z., Khodayari, A., Selkirk, H., Sokolov, A., and
Unger N.: Comparison of model estimates of the effects of aviation emissions
on atmospheric ozone and methane, Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 6004–6009,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2013GL057660, 2013.
Olivié, D. J. L., Cariolle, D., Teyssèdre, H., Salas, D., Voldoire, A., Clark, H., Saint-Martin, D., Michou, M., Karcher, F., Balkanski, Y., Gauss, M., Dessens, O., Koffi, B., and Sausen, R.: Modeling the climate impact of road transport, maritime shipping and aviation over the period 1860–2100 with an AOGCM, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 1449–1480, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-1449-2012, 2012.
Owen, B., Lee, D. S., and Lim, L.: Flying into the future: aviation
emissions scenarios to 2050, Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 2255–2260,
https://doi.org/10.1021/es902530z, 2010.
Penner, J. E., Lister, D. H., Griggs, D. J., Dokken, D. J., and McFarland, M.
(Eds.): Aviation and the global atmosphere, Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change (IPCC), Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0 521 66300 8, 1999.
Petzold, A., Thouret, V., Gerbig, C., Zahn, A., Brenninkmeijer, C.,
Gallagher, M., Hermann, M., Pontaud, M., Ziereis, H., Boulanger, D.,
Marshall, J., Nédélec, P., Smit, H., Friess, U., Flaud, J.-M.,
Wahner, A., Cammas, J.-P., and Volz-Thomas, A.: Global-scale atmosphere
monitoring by in-service aircraft – current achievements and future
prospects of the European Research Infrastructure IAGOS, Tellus B, 67, 28452,
https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v67.28452, 2015.
Pitari, G., Mancini, E., and Bregman, A.: Climate forcing of subsonic
aviation: Indirect role of sulfate particles via heterogeneous chemistry,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 2057, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002GL015705, 2002.
Pitari G., Iachetti, D., Di Genova, G., De Luca, N., Søvde, O. A.,
Hodnebrog, Ø., Lee, D. S., and Lim, L.: Impact of coupled NOx/aerosol
aircraft emissions on ozone photochemistry and radiative forcing,
Atmosphere, 6, 751–782, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos6060751, 2015.
Pitari, G., Cionni, I., Di Genova, G., Søvde, O., and Lim, L.: Radiative forcing from aircraft emissions of NOx : model calculations with CH4 surface flux boundary condition, Meteorol. Z., 26, 663–687, https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2016/0776, 2016.
Prashanth, P., Speth, R. L., Eastham, S. D., Sabnis, J. S., and Barrett, S. R. H.: Post-Combustion Emissions Control in Aero-Gas Turbine Engines, Energy Environ. Sci., 14, 916, https://doi.org/10.1039/D0EE02362K, 2021.
Prashanth, P., Eastham, S. D., Speth, R. L., and Barrett, S. R. H.: Aerosol formation pathways from aviation emissions, Environ. Res. Commun., 4, 021002, https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ac52, 2022.
Prather, M. J.: Lifetimes and eigenstates in atmospheric chemistry, Geophys.
Res. Lett., 21, 801–804, https://doi.org/10.1029/94GL00840, 1994.
Prather, M., Ehhalt, D., Dentener, F., Derwent, R., and Dlugokencky E.:
“Atmospheric chemistry and greenhouse gases”, in: Climate Change 2001: The
Scientific Basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment
Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by: Houghton, J. T., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY,
USA, 2001, 239–287, ISBN 0521 80767 0, 2001.
Righi, M., Hendricks, J., and Sausen, R.: The global impact of the transport
sectors on atmospheric aerosol: simulations for year 2000 emissions, Atmos.
Chem. Phys., 13, 9939–9970, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-9939-2013, 2013.
Righi, M., Hendricks, J., and Sausen, R.: The global impact of the transport sectors on atmospheric aerosol in 2030 – Part 2: Aviation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 4481–4495, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-4481-2016, 2016.
Schulz, M.: Constraining Model Estimates of the Aerosol Radiative Forcing,
Thèse d'Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches, Université Pierre
et Marie Curie, Paris VI, 2007.
Schulz, M., Balkanski, Y., Dulac, F., and Guelle W.: Role of aerosol size
distribution and source location in a three-dimensional simulation of a
Saharan dust episode tested against satellite-derived optical thickness, J.
Geophys. Res., 103, 10579–10592, 1998.
Skowron, A., Lee, D. S., and De Leon, R. R.: The assessment of the impact of
aviation NOx on ozone and other radiative forcing responses – The
importance of representing cruise altitude accurately, Atmos. Environ., 74,
159–168, 2013.
Skowron, A., Lee, D. S., De León, R. R., Lim, L. L., and Owen, B.:
Greater fuel efficiency is potentially preferable to reducing NOx emissions
for aviation's climate impacts, Nat. Comm., 12, 564,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20771-3, 2021.
Søvde, O. A., Gauss, M., Isaksen, I. S. A., Pitari, G., and Marizy, C.: Aircraft pollution – a futuristic view, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 3621–3632, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-3621-2007, 2007.
Søvde, O. A., Matthes, S., Skowron, A., Iachetti, D., Lim, L. L.,
Hodnebrog, Ø., Di Genova, G., Pitari, G., Lee, D. S., Myhre, G., and
Isaksen, I. S. A.: Aircraft emission mitigation by changing route altitude: A
multi-model estimate of aircraft NOx emission impact on O3
photochemistry, Atmos. Environ., 95, 468–479, 2014.
Stevenson, D. S. and Derwent, R. G.: How does the location of aircraft
nitrogen oxide emissions affect their climate impact?, Geophys. Res. Lett.,
36, L17810, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL039422, 2009.
Stevenson, D. S., Doherty, R. M., Sanderson, M. G., Collins, W. J., Johnson,
C. E., and Derwent, R. G.: Radiative forcing from aircraft NOx emissions:
mechanisms and seasonal dependence, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D17307,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD004759, 2004.
Szopa, S., Naik, V., Adhikary, B., Artaxo, P., Berntsen, T., Collins, W. D., Fuzzi, S., Gallardo, L., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Klimont, Z., Liao, H., Unger, N., and Zanis, P.: Short-Lived Climate Forcers, in: Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by: Masson-Delmotte, V., Zhai, P., Pirani, A., Connors, S. L., Péan, C., Berger, S., Caud, N., Chen, Y., Goldfarb, L., Gomis, M. I., Huang, M., Leitzell, K., Lonnoy, E., Matthews, J. B. R., Maycock, T. K., Waterfield, T., Yelekçi, O., Yu, R., and Zhou, B., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 817–922, https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009157896.008, 2021.
Terrenoire, E., Hauglustaine, D. A., Gasser T., and Penanhoat, O.: The
contribution of carbon dioxide emissions from the aviation sector to future
climate change, Environ. Res. Lett., 14, 084019,
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab3086, 2019.
Thomason, L. W., Ernest, N., Millán, L., Rieger, L., Bourassa, A., Vernier, J.-P., Manney, G., Luo, B., Arfeuille, F., and Peter, T.: A global space-based stratospheric aerosol climatology: 1979–2016, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 10, 469–492, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-469-2018, 2018.
Thouret, V., Marenco, A., Logan, J. A., Nédélec, P., and Grouhel,
C.: Comparisons of ozone measurements from the MOZAIC airborne program and
the ozone sounding network at eight locations, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 25695–25720, https://doi.org/10.1029/98JD02243, 1998.
Tilmes, S., Lamarque, J.-F., Emmons, L. K., Conley, A., Schultz, M. G., Saunois, M., Thouret, V., Thompson, A. M., Oltmans, S. J., Johnson, B., and Tarasick, D.: Technical Note: Ozonesonde climatology between 1995 and 2011: description, evaluation and applications, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 7475–7497, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-7475-2012, 2012.
Unger, N.: Global climate impact of civil aviation for standard and
desulfurized jet fuel, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, 1–6,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL049289, 2011.
Unger, N., Zhao, Y., and Dang, H.: Mid-21st century chemical forcing of
climate by the civil aviation sector, Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 641–645,
https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50161, 2013.
Van Leer, B.: Towards the ultimate conservative difference scheme. Part IV:
a new approach to numerical convection, J. Comput. Phys., 23, 276-299, 1977.
Voulgarakis, A., Naik, V., Lamarque, J.-F., Shindell, D. T., Young, P. J., Prather, M. J., Wild, O., Field, R. D., Bergmann, D., Cameron-Smith, P., Cionni, I., Collins, W. J., Dalsøren, S. B., Doherty, R. M., Eyring, V., Faluvegi, G., Folberth, G. A., Horowitz, L. W., Josse, B., MacKenzie, I. A., Nagashima, T., Plummer, D. A., Righi, M., Rumbold, S. T., Stevenson, D. S., Strode, S. A., Sudo, K., Szopa, S., and Zeng, G.: Analysis of present day and future OH and methane lifetime in the ACCMIP simulations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 2563–2587, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-2563-2013, 2013.
Wilcox, L., Shine, K. P., and Hoskins, B. J.: Radiative forcing due to
aviation water vapour emissions. Atmos. Environ., 63, 1–13,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.08.072, 2012.
Wilkerson, J. T., Jacobson, M. Z., Malwitz, A., Balasubramanian, S., Wayson, R., Fleming, G., Naiman, A. D., and Lele, S. K.: Analysis of emission data from global commercial aviation: 2004 and 2006, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 6391–6408, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-6391-2010, 2010.
Yim, S. H. L., Lee, G. L., Lee, I. H., Allroggen, F., Ashok, A., Caiazzo,
F., Eastham, S. D., Malina, R., and Barrett, S. R. H.: Global, regional and
local health impacts of civil aviation emissions, Environ. Res. Lett., 1,
034001, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/3/034001, 2015.
Zhao, Y., Saunois, M., Bousquet, P., Lin, X., Berchet, A., Hegglin, M. I., Canadell, J. G., Jackson, R. B., Hauglustaine, D. A., Szopa, S., Stavert, A. R., Abraham, N. L., Archibald, A. T., Bekki, S., Deushi, M., Jöckel, P., Josse, B., Kinnison, D., Kirner, O., Marécal, V., O'Connor, F. M., Plummer, D. A., Revell, L. E., Rozanov, E., Stenke, A., Strode, S., Tilmes, S., Dlugokencky, E. J., and Zheng, B.: Inter-model comparison of global hydroxyl radical (OH) distributions and their impact on atmospheric methane over the 2000–2016 period, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 13701–13723, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-13701-2019, 2019.
Short summary
Aviation NOx emissions not only have an impact on global climate by changing ozone and methane levels in the atmosphere, but also contribute to the deterioration of local air quality. The LMDZ-INCA global model is applied to re-evaluate the impact of aircraft NOx and aerosol emissions on climate. We investigate the impact of present-day and future (2050) aircraft emissions on atmospheric composition and the associated radiative forcings of climate for ozone, methane and aerosol direct forcings.
Aviation NOx emissions not only have an impact on global climate by changing ozone and methane...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint