Articles | Volume 21, issue 22
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16893-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16893-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Air quality deterioration episode associated with a typhoon over the complex topographic environment in central Taiwan
Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
Yang-Fan Sheng
Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
Wan-Chin Chen
Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
Charles C. K. Chou
Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
Yi-Yun Chien
Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
Wen-Mei Chen
Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
Related authors
Chuan-Yao Lin, Wan-Chin Chen, Yi-Yun Chien, Charles C. K. Chou, Chian-Yi Liu, Helmut Ziereis, Hans Schlager, Eric Förster, Florian Obersteiner, Ovid O. Krüger, Bruna A. Holanda, Mira L. Pöhlker, Katharina Kaiser, Johannes Schneider, Birger Bohn, Klaus Pfeilsticker, Benjamin Weyland, Maria Dolores Andrés Hernández, and John P. Burrows
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2627–2647, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2627-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2627-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
During the EMeRGe campaign in Asia, atmospheric pollutants were measured on board the HALO aircraft. The WRF-Chem model was employed to evaluate the biomass burning (BB) plume transported from Indochina and its impact on the downstream areas. The combination of BB aerosol enhancement with cloud water resulted in a reduction in incoming shortwave radiation at the surface in southern China and the East China Sea, which potentially has significant regional climate implications.
Ryan Hossaini, David Sherry, Zihao Wang, Martyn P. Chipperfield, Wuhu Feng, David E. Oram, Karina E. Adcock, Stephen A. Montzka, Isobel J. Simpson, Andrea Mazzeo, Amber A. Leeson, Elliot Atlas, and Charles C.-K. Chou
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13457–13475, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13457-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13457-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
DCE (1,2-dichloroethane) is an industrial chemical used to produce PVC (polyvinyl chloride). We analysed DCE production data to estimate global DCE emissions (2002–2020). The emissions were included in an atmospheric model and evaluated by comparing simulated DCE to DCE measurements in the troposphere. We show that DCE contributes ozone-depleting Cl to the stratosphere and that this has increased with increasing DCE emissions. DCE’s impact on stratospheric O3 is currently small but non-zero.
Ping-Chieh Huang, Hui-Ming Hung, Hsin-Chih Lai, and Charles C.-K. Chou
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10759–10772, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10759-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10759-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Models were used to study ways to reduce particulate matter (PM) pollution in Taiwan during winter. After considering various factors, such as physical processes and chemical reactions, we found that reducing NOx or NH3 emissions is more effective at mitigating PM2.5 than reducing SO2 emissions. When considering both efficiency and cost, reducing NH3 emissions seems to be a more suitable policy for the studied environment in Taiwan.
Chuan-Yao Lin, Wan-Chin Chen, Yi-Yun Chien, Charles C. K. Chou, Chian-Yi Liu, Helmut Ziereis, Hans Schlager, Eric Förster, Florian Obersteiner, Ovid O. Krüger, Bruna A. Holanda, Mira L. Pöhlker, Katharina Kaiser, Johannes Schneider, Birger Bohn, Klaus Pfeilsticker, Benjamin Weyland, Maria Dolores Andrés Hernández, and John P. Burrows
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2627–2647, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2627-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2627-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
During the EMeRGe campaign in Asia, atmospheric pollutants were measured on board the HALO aircraft. The WRF-Chem model was employed to evaluate the biomass burning (BB) plume transported from Indochina and its impact on the downstream areas. The combination of BB aerosol enhancement with cloud water resulted in a reduction in incoming shortwave radiation at the surface in southern China and the East China Sea, which potentially has significant regional climate implications.
Ting-Yu Chen, Chia-Li Chen, Yi-Chi Chen, Charles C.-K. Chou, Haojia Ren, and Hui-Ming Hung
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 13001–13012, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13001-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13001-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The anthropogenic influence on aerosol composition in a downstream river-valley forest was investigated using FTIR and isotope analysis. A higher N-containing species concentration during daytime fog events indicates that a stronger inversion leads to higher pollutant concentrations, and the fog enhances the aqueous-phase chemical processes. Moreover, the observed size-dependent oxygen isotope suggests the contribution of organic peroxyl radicals to local nitrate formation for small particles.
Yu-Wen Chen, Yi-Chun Chen, Charles C.-K. Chou, Hui-Ming Hung, Shih-Yu Chang, Lisa Eirenschmalz, Michael Lichtenstern, Helmut Ziereis, Hans Schlager, Greta Stratmann, Katharina Kaiser, Johannes Schneider, Stephan Borrmann, Florian Obersteiner, Eric Förster, Andreas Zahn, Wei-Nai Chen, Po-Hsiung Lin, Shuenn-Chin Chang, Maria Dolores Andrés Hernández, Pao-Kuan Wang, and John P. Burrows
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-788, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-788, 2021
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
By presenting an approach using EMeRGe-Asia airborne field measurements and surface observations, this study shows that the fraction of OH reactivity due to SO2-OH reaction has a significant correlation with the sulfate concentration. Approximately 30 % of sulfate is produced by SO2-OH reaction. Our results underline the importance of SO2-OH gas-phase oxidation in sulfate formation, and demonstrate that the method can be applied to other regions and under different meteorological conditions.
Cited articles
Ackermann, I. J., Hass, H., Memmsheimer, M., Ebel, A., Binkowski, F. S., and
Shankar, U.: Modal aerosol dynamics model for Europe: development and first
applications, Atmos. Environ., 32, 2981–2999,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(98)00006-5, 1998.
Ahmadov, R., McKeen, S. A., Robinson, A. L., Bahreini, R., Middlebrook, A.
M., de Gouw, J. A., Meagher, J., Hsie, E.- Y. Edgerton, E., Shaw, S., and
Trainer, M.: A volatility basis set model for summertime secondary organic
aerosols over the eastern United States in 2006, J. Geophys. Res., 117, D06301, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016831, 2012.
Chang, L. T.-C., Tsai, J.-H., Lin, J.-M., Huang, Y.-S., and Chiang, H.-L.:
Particulate matter and gaseous pollutants during a tropical storm and air
pollution episode in Southern Taiwan, Atmos. Res., 99, 67–79,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2010.09.002, 2011.
Cheng, M. T., Horng, C. L., Su, Y. R., Lin, L. K., Lin, Y. C., and Chou, C.
C.-K.: Particulate matter characteristics during agricultural waste burning
in Taichung City, Taiwan, J. Hazard. Mater., 165, 187–192,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.09.101, 2009.
Cheng, W. L., Lai, L. W., Den, W., Wu, M. T., Hsueh, C. A., Lin, P. L., Pai,
C. L., and Yan, Y. L.: The relationship between typhoons' peripheral
circulation and ground-level ozone concentrations in central Taiwan,
Environ. Monit. Assess., 186, 791– 804,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-013-3417-7, 2014.
Chou, C. C.-K., Lee, C. T., Yuan, C. S., Hsu, W. C., Lin, C. Y., Hsu, S. C.,
and Liu, S. C.: Implications of the chemical transformation of Asian outflow
aerosols for the long-range transport of inorganic nitrogen species. Atmos.
Environ., 42, 7508–7519, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.05.049,
2008.
Chow, E. C. H., Li, R. C. Y., and Zhou, W.: Influence of tropical cyclones
on Hong Kong air quality, Adv. Atmos. Sci., 35, 1177–1188,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-018-7225-4, 2018.
Deng, T., Wang, T., Wang, S., Zou, Y., Yin, C., Li, F., Liu, L., Wang, N.,
Song, L., Wu, C., and Wu, D.: Impact of typhoon periphery on high ozone and
high aerosol pollution in the Pearl River Delta region, Sci. Total
Environ., 668, 617–630, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.450,
2019.
Ding, A. J., Wang, T., Zhao, M., Wang, T. J., and Li, Z. K.: Simulation of
sea-land breezes and a discussion of their implications on the transport of
air pollution during a multiday ozone episode in the Pearl River Delta of
China, Atmos. Environ., 38, 6737–6750,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.09.017, 2004.
Fang, G. C., Lin, S. J., Chang, S. Y., and Chou, C. C.-K.: Effect of typhoon
on atmospheric particulates in autumn in central Taiwan, Atmos. Environ.,
43, 6039–6048, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.08.033, 2009.
Grell, G. A., Peckham, S. E., Schmitz, R., McKeen, S. A., Frost, G.,
Skamarock, W. C., and Eder, B.: Fully coupled “online” chemistry within
the WRF model, Atmos. Environ., 39, 6957–6975,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.04.027, 2005.
Hsu, C. H. and Cheng, F. Y.: Synoptic Weather Patterns and Associated Air
Pollution in Taiwan, Aerosol Air Qual. Res., 19, 1139–1151,
https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2018.09.0348, 2019.
Huang, J. P., Fung, J. C. H., Lau, A. K. H., and Qin, Y.: Numerical
simulation and process analysis of typhoon-related ozone episodes in Hong
Kong, J. Geophys. Res., 101, D05301, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD004914, 2005.
Huang, J. P., Fung, J. C. H., and Lau, A. K. H.: Integrated processes
analysis and systematic meteorological classification of ozone episodes in
Hong Kong, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D20309, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD007012,
2006.
Huang, T., Yang, Y., O'Connor, E. J., Lolli, S., Haywood, J., Osborne, M.,
Cheng, J. C.-H., Guo, J., and Yim, S. H.-L.: Influence of a weak typhoon on
the vertical distribution of air pollution in Hong Kong: A perspective from
a Doppler LiDAR network, Environ. Pollut., 276, 116534,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116534, 2021.
Hunt, C. R. and Snyder, W. H.: Experiments on stably and neutrally
stratified flow over a model three-dimensional hill, J. Fluid Mech., 96,
671–704, https://https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112080002303, 1980.
Jiang, Y. C., Zhao, T. L., Liu, J., Xu, X. D., Tan, C. H., Cheng, X. H., Bi, X. Y., Gan, J. B., You, J. F., and Zhao, S. Z.: Why does surface ozone peak before a typhoon landing in southeast China?, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 13331–13338, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-13331-2015, 2015.
Jury M. R. and Tosen G. R. Characteristics of the winter boundary layer over
the African Plateau: 26∘ S, Bound.-Layer Meteorol., 49, 53–76,
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00116405, 2004.
Kueh, M. T., Lin, C. Y., Chuang, Y. J., Sheng, Y. F., and Chien, Y. Y.:
Climate variability of heat waves and their associated diurnal temperature
range variations in Taiwan, Environ. Res. Lett., 12, 074017,
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa70d9, 2017.
Lai, H. C. and Lin, M. C.: Characteristics of the upstream flow patterns during
PM2.5 pollution events over a complex island topography, Atmos.
Environ, 227, 117418, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117418, 2020.
Lam, Y. F., Cheung, H. M., and Ying, C. C.: Impact of tropical cyclone track
change on regional air quality, Sci. Total Environ., 610–611, 1347–1355,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.100, 2018.
Lee, C. S. L., Chou, C. C.-K., Cheung, H. C., Tsai, C.-Y., Huang, W.-R.,
Huang, S.-H., Chen, M.-J., Liao, H.-T., Wu, C.-F., Tsao, T.-M., Tsai, M.-J.,
and Su, T.-C.: Seasonal variation of chemical characteristics of fine
particulate matter at a high-elevation subtropical forest in East Asia,
Environ. Pollut., 246, 668–677,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.033, 2019.
Lee, Y. C., Calori, G., Hills, P., and Carmichael, G. R.: Ozone episodes in
urban Hong Kong 1994–1999, Atmos. Environ., 36, 1957–1968,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00150-4, 2002.
Li, J. and Chen, Y.-L.: Barrier jets during TAMEX, Mon. Weather Rev., 126,
959–971, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1998)126<0959:BJDT>2.0.CO;2, 1998.
Lin, C. Y. and Chen, C. S.: A study of orographic effects on
mountain-generated precipitation systems under weak synoptic forcing,
Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 81, 1–25, https://doi.org/10.1007/s007030200028,
2002.
Lin, C.-Y., Liu, S. C., Chou, C. C.-K., Liu, T. H., Lee, C.-T., Yuan, C.-S.,
Shiu, C.-J., and Young, C.-Y.: Long-Range Transport of Asian Dust and Air
Pollutants to Taiwan, Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci., 15, 759–784, https://doi.org/10.3319/TAO.2004.15.5.759(ADSE), 2004.
Lin, C.-Y., Liu, S. C., Chou, C. C.-K., Huang, S.-J., Liu, C.-M., Kuo, C.-H., and Young C.-Y.: Long-range transport of aerosols and their impact on the
air quality of Taiwan, Atmos. Environ., 39, 6066–6076, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.06.046, 2005.
Lin, C. Y., Wang, Z., Chou, C. C.-K., Chang, C.-C., and Liu, S. C.: A
numerical study of an autumn high ozone episode over southwestern Taiwan,
Atmos. Environ., 41, 3684–3701,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.12.050, 2007.
Lin, C.-Y., Hsu, H.-m., Sheng, Y.-F., Kuo, C.-H., and Liou, Y.-A.: Mesoscale processes for super heavy rainfall of Typhoon Morakot (2009) over Southern Taiwan, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 345–361, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-345-2011, 2011.
Lin, C.-Y., Sheng, Y.-F., Chen, W.-N., Wang, Z., Kuo, C.-H., Chen, W.-C., and Yang, T.: The impact of channel effect on Asian dust transport dynamics: a case in southeastern Asia, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 271–285, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-271-2012, 2012a.
Lin, C. Y., Chou, C. C. K, Wang, Z., Lung, S. C., Lee, C. T., Yuan, C. S., Chen, W. N.,
Chang, S. Y., Hsu, S. C., Chen, W. C., and Liu, S. C.: Impact of different
transport mechanisms of Asian dust and anthropogenic pollutants to Taiwan,
Atmos. Environ., 60, 403–418, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.06.049, 2012b.
Lin, C. Y., Chien, Y. Y., Su, C. J., Kueh, M. T., and Lung, S. C.: Climate
variability of heat wave and projection of warming scenario in Taiwan, Clim.
Chang., 145, 305–320, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-017-2091-0, 2017.
Lin, Y.-L.: Orographic effects on airflow and Mesoscale weather system
over Taiwan, Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci., 4, 381–420, 1993.
Lu, R. and Turco, R. P.: Air pollutant transport in a coastal environment. II:
Three-dimensional simulations over Los Angeles Basin, Atmos. Environ., 29, 1499–1518, https://doi.org/10.1016/1352-2310(95)00015-Q, 1995.
Luo, M., Hou, X., Gu, Y., Lau, N.-C., and Yim, S. H.-L.: Trans-boundary air
pollution in a city under various atmospheric conditions, Sci. Total
Environ., 618, 132–141, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.001,
2018.
Ministry of Science and Technology and Chinese Culture University: Sounding observations, available at: https://dbar.pccu.edu.tw/, 2018.
Ning, G., Yim, S. H. L, Wang, S., Duan, B., Nie, C., Yang, X., Wang, J., and Shang, K.: Synergistic effects of synoptic weather patterns and topography on air
quality: a case of the Sichuan Basin of China, Clim. Dyn., 53, 6729–6744, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-019-04954-3, 2019.
Pitts, O. and Lyons, T. J.: The influence of topography on Perth radiosonde
observations, Aust. Meteorol. Mag., 36, 17–23, 1988.
Shu, L., Xie, M., Wang, T., Gao, D., Chen, P., Han, Y., Li, S., Zhuang, B., and Li, M.: Integrated studies of a regional ozone pollution synthetically affected by subtropical high and typhoon system in the Yangtze River Delta region, China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 15801–15819, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-15801-2016, 2016.
Smolarkiewicz, K. S. and Rotunno, R.: Low Froude number flow past
three-diemsnsional obstacles. Part I: baroclinically generated lee vortices,
J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 1154–1164, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1989)046%3C1154:LFNFPT%3E2.0.CO;2, 1989.
Stockwell, W. R., Middleton, P., Chang, J. S., and Tang, X.: The second
generation regional acid deposition model chemical mechanism for regional
air quality modeling, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 16343–16367, https://doi.org/10.1029/JD095iD10p16343, 1990.
The Environmental Protection Administration's environmental open data platform: Hourly historical Taiwan EPA air quality monitoring data, available at: https://data.epa.gov.tw/dataset/aqx_p_15 (last access: 18 March 2021), 2020.
Theurer W.: Typical building arrangements for urban pollution modelling.
Atmos. Environ., 33, 4057–4066, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00147-8, 1999.
Tsai, P. and Doty, B. E.: A Prototype Java Interface for the Grid Analysis and Display System (GrADS), Fourteenth International Conference on Interactive Information and Processing Systems, Phoenix, AZ, 11–16 January 1998.
Tu, J. Y. and Chen, J. M.: Large-scale indices for assessing typhoon
activity around Taiwan, Int. J. Climatol., 39, 921–933,
https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.5852, 2019.
Valverde, V., Pay, M. T., and Baldasano, J. M.: A model-based analysis of SO2 and
NO2 dynamics from coal-fired power plants under representative synoptic
circulation types over the Iberian Peninsula, Sci. Total Environ., 541,
701–713, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.09.111, 2016.
Wallace, J., Corr, D., and Kanaroglou, P.: Topographic and spatial impacts of
temperature inversions on air quality using mobile air pollution surveys,
Sci. Total Environ., 408, 5086–5096, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.06.020, 2010.
Wei, X., Lam, K.-S., Cao, C., Li, H., and He, J.: Dynamics of the Typhoon
Haitang related high ozone episode over Hong Kong, Adv. Meteorol., 2016,
6089154, https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/6089154, 2016.
Yan, J., Chen, L., Lin, Q., Zhao, S., and Zhang, M.: Effect of typhoon on
atmospheric aerosol particle pollutants accumulation over Xiamen, China,
Chemosphere, 159, 244–255,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.06.006, 2016.
Yang, J. X., Lau, A. K. H., Fung, J. C. H., Zhou, W., and Wenig, M.: An air
pollution episode and its formation mechanism during the tropical cyclone
Nuri's landfall in a coastal city of south China, Atmos. Environ., 54,
746–753, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.12.023, 2012.
Zhang, X., Liu, Y., Deng, X., Chen, P., Feng, Y., and Fan, Q.: Analysis of
Summertime Typical Pollution in Pearl River Delta Region-Numerical
Simulation of Meteorological Field, Meteorol. Environ. Res., 59, 9–18, 2014.
Zhang, Y., Mao, H. T., Ding, A. J., Zhou, D. R., and Fu, C. B.: Impact of
synoptic weather patterns on spatio-temporal variation in surface O3 levels
in Hong Kong during 1999–2011, Atmos. Environ., 73, 41–50,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.02.047, 2013.
Short summary
Taiwan and Hong Kong experience air quality deterioration as typhoons approach. However, the mechanism of the formation of poor air quality may differ and still not be well documented in Taiwan. The interaction between easterly typhoon circulation and Taiwan’s Central Mountain Range resulted in a lee side vortex formation. Simulation results indicated that the lee vortex and land–sea breeze, as well as the boundary layer development, were the key mechanisms.
Taiwan and Hong Kong experience air quality deterioration as typhoons approach. However, the...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint