Articles | Volume 19, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-617-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-617-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Characterization of VOCs and their related atmospheric processes in a central Chinese city during severe ozone pollution periods
Bowei Li
Langfang Academy of Eco Industrialization for Wisdom Environment, Langfang 065000, China
Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, Nevada, USA
Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry & Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
Sunling Gong
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Langfang Academy of Eco Industrialization for Wisdom Environment, Langfang 065000, China
Center for Atmosphere Watch and Services of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Jingwei Ni
Langfang Academy of Eco Industrialization for Wisdom Environment, Langfang 065000, China
Huairui Li
Langfang Academy of Eco Industrialization for Wisdom Environment, Langfang 065000, China
Liyan Han
Langfang Academy of Eco Industrialization for Wisdom Environment, Langfang 065000, China
Yi Yang
Langfang Academy of Eco Industrialization for Wisdom Environment, Langfang 065000, China
Yijin Qi
Langfang Academy of Eco Industrialization for Wisdom Environment, Langfang 065000, China
Dongxu Zhao
Langfang Academy of Eco Industrialization for Wisdom Environment, Langfang 065000, China
Related authors
No articles found.
Meng Wang, Qiyuan Wang, Steven Sai Hang Ho, Jie Tian, Yong Zhang, Shun-cheng Lee, and Junji Cao
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1130, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1130, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study explores nitrogen-containing organic compounds (NOCs) in PM2.5 particles on the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau. We discovered that biomass burning and transboundary transport are the primary sources of NOCs in the high-altitude area. Understanding these aerosol sources informs how they contribute to regional and potentially global climate changes. Our findings could help shape effective environmental policies to enhance air quality and address climate impacts in this sensitive region.
Xiaoliang Wang, Hatef Firouzkouhi, Judith C. Chow, John G. Watson, Steven Sai Hang Ho, Warren Carter, and Alexandra S. M. De Vos
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15375–15393, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15375-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15375-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Open burning of municipal solid waste emits chemicals that are harmful to the environment. This paper reports source profiles and emission factors for PM2.5 species and acidic/alkali gases from laboratory combustion of 10 waste categories (including plastics and biomass) that represent open burning in South Africa. Results will be useful for health and climate impact assessments, speciated emission inventories, source-oriented dispersion models, and receptor-based source apportionment.
Li Li, Qiyuan Wang, Jie Tian, Huikun Liu, Yong Zhang, Steven Sai Hang Ho, Weikang Ran, and Junji Cao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9597–9612, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9597-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9597-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The Tibetan Plateau has a unique geographical location, but there is a lack of detailed research on the real-time characteristics of full aerosol composition. This study elaborates the changes in chemical characteristics between transport and local fine particles during the pre-monsoon, reveals the size distribution and the mixing states of different individual particles, and highlights the contributions of photooxidation and aqueous reaction to the formation of the secondary species.
Jianyan Lu, Sunling Gong, Jian Zhang, Jianmin Chen, Lei Zhang, and Chunhong Zhou
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8021–8037, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8021-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8021-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
WRF/CUACE was used to assess the cloud chemistry contribution in China. Firstly, the CUACE cloud chemistry scheme was found to reproduce well the cloud processing and consumption of H2O2, O3, and SO2, as well as the increase of sulfate. Secondly, during cloud availability in December under a heavy pollution episode, sulfate production increased 60–95 % and SO2 was reduced by over 80 %. This study provides a way to analyze the phenomenon of overestimation of SO2 in many chemical transport models.
Jian-yan Lu, Sunling Gong, Chun-hong Zhou, Jian Zhang, Jian-min Chen, and Lei Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-716, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-716, 2022
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
A regional online chemical weather model WRF/ CUACE was used to assess the contributions of cloud chemistry to the SO2 and sulfate levels in typical regions in China. The cloud chemistry scheme in CUACE was evaluated, and well reproduces the cloud chemistry processes. During cloud availability in a heavy pollution episode, the sulfate production increases 40–80 % and SO2 reduces over 80 %. This study provides a way to analyze the over-estimate phenomenon of SO2 in many chemical transport models.
Huan Zhang, Sunling Gong, Lei Zhang, Jingwei Ni, Jianjun He, Yaqiang Wang, Xu Wang, Lixin Shi, Jingyue Mo, Huabing Ke, and Shuhua Lu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 2221–2236, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-2221-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-2221-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study established a multi-model simulation system for street-level circulation and pollutant tracking and applied to real building scenarios and atmospheric conditions. Results showed that for a particular site the potential contribution ratio varies with the height of the site, with a peak not at the ground but at a certain height. This work is of significance for urban planning and improvement of urban air quality.
Sunling Gong, Hongli Liu, Bihui Zhang, Jianjun He, Hengde Zhang, Yaqiang Wang, Shuxiao Wang, Lei Zhang, and Jie Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 2999–3013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2999-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2999-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Surface concentrations of PM2.5 in China have had a declining trend since 2013 across the country. This research found that the control measures of emission reduction are the dominant factors in the PM2.5 declining trends in various regions. The contribution by the meteorology to the surface PM2.5 concentrations from 2013 to 2019 was not found to show a consistent trend, fluctuating positively or negatively by about 5% on the annual average and 10–20% for the fall–winter heavy-pollution seasons.
Lei Zhang, Sunling Gong, Tianliang Zhao, Chunhong Zhou, Yuesi Wang, Jiawei Li, Dongsheng Ji, Jianjun He, Hongli Liu, Ke Gui, Xiaomei Guo, Jinhui Gao, Yunpeng Shan, Hong Wang, Yaqiang Wang, Huizheng Che, and Xiaoye Zhang
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 703–718, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-703-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-703-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Development of chemical transport models with advanced physics and chemical schemes is important for improving air-quality forecasts. This study develops the chemical module CUACE by updating with a new particle dry deposition scheme and adding heterogenous chemical reactions and couples it with the WRF model. The coupled model (WRF/CUACE) was able to capture well the variations of PM2.5, O3, NO2, and secondary inorganic aerosols in eastern China.
Yonggang Xue, Yu Huang, Steven Sai Hang Ho, Long Chen, Liqin Wang, Shuncheng Lee, and Junji Cao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 5425–5436, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5425-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5425-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Particulate active metallic oxides in dust were proposed to influence the photochemical reactions of ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs). A case study investigated the origin and transformation of VOCs during a windblown dust-to-haze pollution episode. In the dust event, a sharp decrease in VOC loading and aging of their components was observed. An increase in Ti and Fe and a fast decrease in trans-/cis-2-butene ratios demonstrated that dust can accelerate the oxidation of ambient VOCs.
John G. Watson, Junji Cao, L.-W. Antony Chen, Qiyuan Wang, Jie Tian, Xiaoliang Wang, Steven Gronstal, Steven Sai Hang Ho, Adam C. Watts, and Judith C. Chow
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 14173–14193, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14173-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14173-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Although peat burning is a common global emission source, region-specific emission factors are lacking. This work fills that gap for six peat-bearing regions. It is also shown through simulated aging with an oxidation flow reactor that potential aerosol mass changes during transport.
Judith C. Chow, Junji Cao, L.-W. Antony Chen, Xiaoliang Wang, Qiyuan Wang, Jie Tian, Steven Sai Hang Ho, Adam C. Watts, Tessa B. Carlson, Steven D. Kohl, and John G. Watson
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 5475–5501, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-5475-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-5475-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Source profiles that allow peat fire contributions to be distinguished from other source contributions using receptor models are lacking for a wide variety of peat fuels and burning conditions. These profiles change with photochemical aging during transport. Fresh and aged profiles for a variety of peat fuels are measured with an oxidation flow reactor to improve source attributions at distant receptors.
Hongmei Xu, Jean-François Léon, Cathy Liousse, Benjamin Guinot, Véronique Yoboué, Aristide Barthélémy Akpo, Jacques Adon, Kin Fai Ho, Steven Sai Hang Ho, Lijuan Li, Eric Gardrat, Zhenxing Shen, and Junji Cao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 6637–6657, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-6637-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-6637-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This paper discusses the personal exposure characteristics and health implication of PM2.5 and bounded chemical species based on three anthropogenic sources and related populations (domestic fires for women, waste burning for students and motorcycle traffic for drivers) in Abidjan and Cotonou in dry and wet seasons of 2016. This work can be regarded as the first attempt at measuring personal exposure to PM2.5 and its related health risks in underdeveloped countries of Africa.
Qiyuan Wang, Suixin Liu, Nan Li, Wenting Dai, Yunfei Wu, Jie Tian, Yaqing Zhou, Meng Wang, Steven Sai Hang Ho, Yang Chen, Renjian Zhang, Shuyu Zhao, Chongshu Zhu, Yongming Han, Xuexi Tie, and Junji Cao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 1881–1899, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1881-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1881-2019, 2019
Jian Sun, Zhenxing Shen, Yu Huang, Junji Cao, Steven Sai Hang Ho, Xinyi Niu, Taobo Wang, Qian Zhang, Yali Lei, Hongmei Xu, and Hongxia Liu
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2018-36, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2018-36, 2018
Revised manuscript not accepted
Lei Zhang, Tianliang Zhao, Sunling Gong, Shaofei Kong, Lili Tang, Duanyang Liu, Yongwei Wang, Lianji Jin, Yunpeng Shan, Chenghao Tan, Yingjie Zhang, and Xiaomei Guo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 2065–2079, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-2065-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-2065-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
An updated emission inventory of coal-fired power plants (UEIPP) based on online monitoring data in Jiangsu Province in China for the year of 2012 was implemented in the Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China (MEIC). By employing the model WRF-Chem, two simulations were executed to assess the atmospheric environmental change by using the original MEIC and the MEIC with the UEIPP. Interestingly, when the UEIPP was used, the atmospheric oxidizing capacity significantly reinforced.
Tingting Liu, Sunling Gong, Jianjun He, Meng Yu, Qifeng Wang, Huairui Li, Wei Liu, Jie Zhang, Lei Li, Xuguan Wang, Shuli Li, Yanli Lu, Haitao Du, Yaqiang Wang, Chunhong Zhou, Hongli Liu, and Qichao Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 2971–2980, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2971-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2971-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents a study on the severe air pollution in the winter of 2015 in China's Jing-Jin-Ji area. This triggered the first-ever red alert in the air pollution control history of Beijing, with an instantaneous PM2.5 concentration over 1 mg m−3. Analysis and modeling results show that the worsening meteorology conditions are the main reason behind this unusual increase in air pollutant concentrations.
Ting Ting Liu, Sunling Gong, Meng Yu, Qi Chao Zhao, Huai Rui Li, Jian Jun He, Jie Zhang, Lei Li, Xu Guan Wang, Shu Li Li, Yan Li Lu, Hai Tao Du, Ya Qiang Wang, Chun Hong Zhou, and Hong Li Liu
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2016-204, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2016-204, 2016
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
Network monitoring data of air pollutants and meteorology as well as an air quality modeling system in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region were used to analyze impacts the changes of meteorology on the variation of air pollutants. Results show that the worsening meteorology conditions are the main reason behind this unusual increase of air pollutant concentrations in the winter of 2015 and the emission control measures taken during this period of time have contributed to mitigate the air pollution.
Y. Q. Yang, J. Z. Wang, S. L. Gong, X. Y. Zhang, H. Wang, Y. Q. Wang, J. Wang, D. Li, and J. P. Guo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 1353–1364, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1353-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1353-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
A new model, PLAM/h, has been developed and used in near-real-time air quality forecasts by considering both meteorology and pollutant emissions, based on the two-dimensional probability density function diagnosis model for emissions. The results show that combining the influence of regular meteorological conditions and emission factors together in the PLAM/h parameterization scheme is very effective in improving the forecasting ability for fog-haze weather in North China.
P. Wang, H. Wang, Y. Q. Wang, X. Y. Zhang, S. L. Gong, M. Xue, C. H. Zhou, H. L. Liu, X. Q. An, T. Niu, and Y. L. Cheng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 989–1002, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-989-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-989-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
An ensemble optimal interpolation (EnOI) data assimilation technique is used to investigate the possibility of optimally recovering the spatially resolved emissions bias of BC. The inversed emission over China in January is 240.1 Gg, and annual emission is about 2539 Gg. Even though only monthly mean BC measurements are employed to inverse the emissions, the accuracy of the daily model simulation improves. We finds that EnOI is a useful and computation-free method to make top-down estimation.
H. Wang, G. Y. Shi, X. Y. Zhang, S. L. Gong, S. C. Tan, B. Chen, H. Z. Che, and T. Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 3277–3287, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-3277-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-3277-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Solar radiation reaching the ground decreases about 15% in Chinese 3JNS region and by 20 to 25% in the region with the highest AOD. Aerosol cools the PBL atmosphere but warms the atmosphere above it, leading to a more stable atmosphere that causes a decrease in turbulence diffusion of about 52% and in PBL height of about 33%; this results in a positive feedback on the PM2.5 concentration within the PBL and the surface as well as the haze formation.
L. Huang, S. L. Gong, M. Gordon, J. Liggio, R. Staebler, C. A. Stroud, G. Lu, C. Mihele, J. R. Brook, and C. Q. Jia
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 12631–12648, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12631-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12631-2014, 2014
K. Tsigaridis, N. Daskalakis, M. Kanakidou, P. J. Adams, P. Artaxo, R. Bahadur, Y. Balkanski, S. E. Bauer, N. Bellouin, A. Benedetti, T. Bergman, T. K. Berntsen, J. P. Beukes, H. Bian, K. S. Carslaw, M. Chin, G. Curci, T. Diehl, R. C. Easter, S. J. Ghan, S. L. Gong, A. Hodzic, C. R. Hoyle, T. Iversen, S. Jathar, J. L. Jimenez, J. W. Kaiser, A. Kirkevåg, D. Koch, H. Kokkola, Y. H Lee, G. Lin, X. Liu, G. Luo, X. Ma, G. W. Mann, N. Mihalopoulos, J.-J. Morcrette, J.-F. Müller, G. Myhre, S. Myriokefalitakis, N. L. Ng, D. O'Donnell, J. E. Penner, L. Pozzoli, K. J. Pringle, L. M. Russell, M. Schulz, J. Sciare, Ø. Seland, D. T. Shindell, S. Sillman, R. B. Skeie, D. Spracklen, T. Stavrakou, S. D. Steenrod, T. Takemura, P. Tiitta, S. Tilmes, H. Tost, T. van Noije, P. G. van Zyl, K. von Salzen, F. Yu, Z. Wang, Z. Wang, R. A. Zaveri, H. Zhang, K. Zhang, Q. Zhang, and X. Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 10845–10895, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-10845-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-10845-2014, 2014
J. Liu, D. W. Tarasick, V. E. Fioletov, C. McLinden, T. Zhao, S. Gong, C. Sioris, J. J. Jin, G. Liu, and O. Moeini
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 11441–11464, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-11441-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-11441-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Gases | Research Activity: Field Measurements | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
Deciphering anthropogenic and biogenic contributions to selected non-methane volatile organic compound emissions in an urban area
Emission characteristics of reactive organic gases (ROGs) from industrial volatile chemical products (VCPs) in the Pearl River Delta (PRD), China
Measurement report: Enhanced photochemical formation of formic and isocyanic acids in urban regions aloft – insights from tower-based online gradient measurements
Sources of organic gases and aerosol particles and their roles in nighttime particle growth at a rural forested site in southwest Germany
Surface snow bromide and nitrate at Eureka, Canada, in early spring and implications for polar boundary layer chemistry
Opinion: Strengthening research in the Global South – atmospheric science opportunities in South America and Africa
Shipping and algae emissions have a major impact on ambient air mixing ratios of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) and methanethiol on Utö Island in the Baltic Sea
Contribution of cooking emissions to the urban volatile organic compounds in Las Vegas, NV
Reanalysis of NOAA H2 observations: implications for the H2 budget
A large role of missing volatile organic compound reactivity from anthropogenic emissions in ozone pollution regulation
Measurement report: Insights into the chemical composition and origin of molecular clusters and potential precursor molecules present in the free troposphere over the southern Indian Ocean: observations from the Maïdo Observatory (2150 m a.s.l., Réunion)
Production of oxygenated volatile organic compounds from the ozonolysis of coastal seawater
Comment on “Transport of substantial stratospheric ozone to the surface by a dying typhoon and shallow convection” by Chen et al. (2022)
Observations of cyanogen bromide (BrCN) in the global troposphere and their relation to polar surface O3 destruction
Individual coal mine methane emissions constrained by eddy covariance measurements: low bias and missing sources
Roles of oceanic ventilation and terrestrial outflow in the atmospheric non-methane hydrocarbons over the Chinese marginal seas
Measurement report: Observations of ground-level ozone concentration gradients perpendicular to the Lake Ontario shoreline
Measurement report: The Palau Atmospheric Observatory and its ozonesonde record – continuous monitoring of tropospheric composition and dynamics in the tropical western Pacific
Quantifying SO2 oxidation pathways to atmospheric sulfate using stable sulfur and oxygen isotopes: laboratory simulation and field observation
Influences of downward transport and photochemistry on surface ozone over East Antarctica during austral summer: in situ observations and model simulations
Iodine oxoacids and their roles in sub-3 nm particle growth in polluted urban environments
Measurement Report: Elevated excess-NH3 can promote the redox reaction to produce HONO: Insights from the COVID-19 pandemic
Intensive photochemical oxidation in the marine atmosphere: evidence from direct radical measurements
Diurnal variations in oxygen and nitrogen isotopes of atmospheric nitrogen dioxide and nitrate: implications for tracing NOx oxidation pathways and emission sources
Measurement report: Method for evaluating CO2 emissions from a cement plant using atmospheric δ(O2 ∕ N2) and CO2 measurements and its implication for future detection of CO2 capture signals
Aircraft-based mass balance estimate of methane emissions from offshore gas facilities in the southern North Sea
Parameterizations of US wildfire and prescribed fire emission ratios and emission factors based on FIREX-AQ aircraft measurements
Measurement report: Atmospheric nitrate radical chemistry in the South China Sea influenced by the urban outflow of the Pearl River Delta
The interhemispheric gradient of SF6 in the upper troposphere
Weather regimes and the related atmospheric composition at a Pyrenean observatory characterized by hierarchical clustering of a 5-year data set
Concentration and source changes of HONO during the COVID-19 lockdown in Beijing
Characteristics and sources of VOCs and the O3-NOx-VOCs relationships in the central plain city, China
Tropospheric bromine monoxide vertical profiles retrieved across the Alaskan Arctic in springtime
Source apportionment of methane emissions from the Upper Silesian Coal Basin using isotopic signatures
Measurement report: Exchange fluxes of HONO over agricultural fields in the North China Plain
HONO chemistry at a suburban site during the EXPLORE-YRD campaign in 2018: formation mechanisms and impacts on O3 production
Evaluation of modelled climatologies of O3, CO, water vapour and NOy in the upper troposphere–lower stratosphere using regular in situ observations by passenger aircraft
Photochemical ageing of aerosols contributes significantly to the production of atmospheric formic acid
Nitrous acid budgets in the coastal atmosphere: potential daytime marine sources
Undetected biogenic volatile organic compounds from Norway spruce drive total ozone reactivity measurements
Quantification of fossil fuel CO2 from combined CO, δ13CO2 and Δ14CO2 observations
Radical chemistry and ozone production at a UK coastal receptor site
Sources and long-term variability of carbon monoxide at Mount Kenya and in Nairobi
Measurement report: Airborne measurements of NOx fluxes over Los Angeles during the RECAP-CA 2021 campaign
Influence of anthropogenic emissions on the composition of highly oxygenated organic molecules in Helsinki: a street canyon and urban background station comparison
Changes in surface ozone in South Korea on diurnal to decadal timescales for the period of 2001–2021
Characterization of the nitrogen stable isotope composition (δ15N) of ship-emitted NOx
Volatile organic compound fluxes in the agricultural San Joaquin Valley – spatial distribution, source attribution, and inventory comparison
Exploring the amplified role of HCHO in the formation of HMS and O3 during the co-occurring PM2.5 and O3 pollution in a coastal city of southeast China
High potential for CH4 emission mitigation from oil infrastructure in one of EU's major production regions
Arianna Peron, Martin Graus, Marcus Striednig, Christian Lamprecht, Georg Wohlfahrt, and Thomas Karl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7063–7083, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7063-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7063-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The anthropogenic fraction of non-methane volatile organic compound (NMVOC) emissions associated with biogenic sources (e.g., terpenes) is investigated based on eddy covariance observations. The anthropogenic fraction of terpene emissions is strongly dependent on season. When analyzing volatile chemical product (VCP) emissions in urban environments, we caution that observations from short-term campaigns might over-/underestimate their significance depending on local and seasonal circumstances.
Sihang Wang, Bin Yuan, Xianjun He, Ru Cui, Xin Song, Yubin Chen, Caihong Wu, Chaomin Wang, Yibo Huangfu, Xiao-Bing Li, Boguang Wang, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7101–7121, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7101-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7101-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Emissions of reactive organic gases from industrial volatile chemical product sources are measured. There are large differences among these industrial sources. We show that oxygenated species account for significant contributions to reactive organic gas emissions, especially for industrial sources utilizing water-borne chemicals.
Qing Yang, Xiao-Bing Li, Bin Yuan, Xiaoxiao Zhang, Yibo Huangfu, Lei Yang, Xianjun He, Jipeng Qi, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6865–6882, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6865-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6865-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Online vertical gradient measurements of formic and isocyanic acids were made based on a 320 m tower in a megacity. Vertical variations and sources of the two acids were analyzed in this study. We find that formic and isocyanic acids exhibited positive vertical gradients and were mainly contributed by photochemical formations. The formation of formic and isocyanic acids was also significantly enhanced in urban regions aloft.
Junwei Song, Harald Saathoff, Feng Jiang, Linyu Gao, Hengheng Zhang, and Thomas Leisner
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6699–6717, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6699-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6699-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents concurrent online measurements of organic gas and particles (VOCs and OA) at a forested site in summer. Both VOCs and OA were largely contributed by oxygenated organic compounds. Semi-volatile oxygenated OA and organic nitrate formed from monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes contributed significantly to nighttime particle growth. The results help us to understand the causes of nighttime particle growth regularly observed in summer in central European rural forested environments.
Xin Yang, Kimberly Strong, Alison S. Criscitiello, Marta Santos-Garcia, Kristof Bognar, Xiaoyi Zhao, Pierre Fogal, Kaley A. Walker, Sara M. Morris, and Peter Effertz
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5863–5886, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5863-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5863-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study uses snow samples collected from a Canadian high Arctic site, Eureka, to demonstrate that surface snow in early spring is a net sink of atmospheric bromine and nitrogen. Surface snow bromide and nitrate are significantly correlated, indicating the oxidation of reactive nitrogen is accelerated by reactive bromine. In addition, we show evidence that snow photochemical release of reactive bromine is very weak, and its emission flux is much smaller than the deposition flux of bromide.
Rebecca M. Garland, Katye E. Altieri, Laura Dawidowski, Laura Gallardo, Aderiana Mbandi, Nestor Y. Rojas, and N'datchoh E. Touré
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5757–5764, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5757-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5757-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This opinion piece focuses on two geographical areas in the Global South where the authors are based that are underrepresented in atmospheric science. This opinion provides context on common challenges and constraints, with suggestions on how the community can address these. The focus is on the strengths of atmospheric science research in these regions. It is these strengths, we believe, that highlight the critical role of Global South researchers in the future of atmospheric science research.
Heidi Hellén, Rostislav Kouznetsov, Kaisa Kraft, Jukka Seppälä, Mika Vestenius, Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen, Lauri Laakso, and Hannele Hakola
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4717–4731, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4717-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4717-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Mixing ratios of C2-C5 NMHCs and methanethiol were measured on an island in the Baltic Sea using an in situ gas chromatograph. Shipping emissions were found to be an important source of ethene, ethyne, propene, and benzene. High summertime mixing ratios of methanethiol and dependence of mixing ratios on seawater temperature and height indicated the biogenic origin to possibly be phytoplankton or macroalgae. These emissions may have a strong impact on SO2 production and new particle formation.
Matthew M. Coggon, Chelsea E. Stockwell, Lu Xu, Jeff Peischl, Jessica B. Gilman, Aaron Lamplugh, Henry J. Bowman, Kenneth Aikin, Colin Harkins, Qindan Zhu, Rebecca H. Schwantes, Jian He, Meng Li, Karl Seltzer, Brian McDonald, and Carsten Warneke
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4289–4304, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4289-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4289-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Residential and commercial cooking emits pollutants that degrade air quality. Here, ambient observations show that cooking is an important contributor to anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted in Las Vegas, NV. These emissions are not fully presented in air quality models, and more work may be needed to quantify emissions from important sources, such as commercial restaurants.
Fabien Paulot, Gabrielle Pétron, Andrew M. Crotwell, and Matteo B. Bertagni
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4217–4229, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4217-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4217-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
New data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration show that hydrogen (H2) concentrations increased from 2010 to 2019, which is consistent with the simulated increase in H2 photochemical production (mainly from methane). But this cannot be reconciled with the expected decrease (increase) in H2 anthropogenic emissions (soil deposition) in the same period. This shows gaps in our knowledge of the H2 biogeochemical cycle that must be resolved to quantify the impact of higher H2 usage.
Wenjie Wang, Bin Yuan, Hang Su, Yafang Cheng, Jipeng Qi, Sihang Wang, Wei Song, Xinming Wang, Chaoyang Xue, Chaoqun Ma, Fengxia Bao, Hongli Wang, Shengrong Lou, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4017–4027, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4017-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4017-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates the important role of unmeasured volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ozone formation. Based on results in a megacity of China, we show that unmeasured VOCs can contribute significantly to ozone fomation and also influence the determination of ozone control strategy. Our results show that these unmeasured VOCs are mainly from human sources.
Romain Salignat, Matti Rissanen, Siddharth Iyer, Jean-Luc Baray, Pierre Tulet, Jean-Marc Metzger, Jérôme Brioude, Karine Sellegri, and Clémence Rose
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3785–3812, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3785-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3785-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Using mass spectrometry data collected at the Maïdo Observatory (2160 m a.s.l., Réunion), we provide the first detailed analysis of molecular cluster chemical composition specifically in the marine free troposphere. The abundance of the identified species is related both to in situ meteorological parameters and air mass history, which also provide insight into their origin. Our work makes an important contribution to documenting the chemistry and physics of the marine free troposphere.
Delaney B. Kilgour, Gordon A. Novak, Megan S. Claflin, Brian M. Lerner, and Timothy H. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3729–3742, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3729-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3729-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Laboratory experiments with seawater mimics suggest ozone deposition to the surface ocean can be a source of reactive carbon to the marine atmosphere. We conduct both field and laboratory measurements to assess abiotic VOC composition and yields from ozonolysis of real surface seawater. We show that C5–C11 aldehydes contribute to the observed VOC emission flux. We estimate that VOCs generated by the ozonolysis of surface seawater are competitive with biological VOC production and emission.
Xiangdong Zheng, Wen Yang, Yuting Sun, Chunmei Geng, Yingying Liu, and Xiaobin Xu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3759–3768, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3759-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3759-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Chen et al. (2022) attributed the nocturnal ozone enhancement (NOE) during the night of 31 July 2021 in the North China Plain (NCP) to "the direct stratospheric intrusion to reach the surface". We analyzed in situ data from the NCP. Our results do not suggest that there was a significant impact from the stratosphere on surface ozone during the NOE. We argue that the NOE was not caused by stratospheric intrusion but originated from fresh photochemical production in the lower troposphere.
James M. Roberts, Siyuan Wang, Patrick R. Veres, J. Andrew Neuman, Michael A. Robinson, Ilann Bourgeois, Jeff Peischl, Thomas B. Ryerson, Chelsea R. Thompson, Hannah M. Allen, John D. Crounse, Paul O. Wennberg, Samuel R. Hall, Kirk Ullmann, Simone Meinardi, Isobel J. Simpson, and Donald Blake
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3421–3443, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3421-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3421-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We measured cyanogen bromide (BrCN) in the troposphere for the first time. BrCN is a product of the same active bromine chemistry that destroys ozone and removes mercury in polar surface environments and is a previously unrecognized sink for active Br compounds. BrCN has an apparent lifetime against heterogeneous loss in the range 1–10 d, so it serves as a cumulative marker of Br-radical chemistry. Accounting for BrCN chemistry is an important part of understanding polar Br cycling.
Kai Qin, Wei Hu, Qin He, Fan Lu, and Jason Blake Cohen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3009–3028, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3009-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3009-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We compute CH4 emissions and uncertainty on a mine-by-mine basis, including underground, overground, and abandoned mines. Mine-by-mine gas and flux data and 30 min observations from a flux tower located next to a mine shaft are integrated. The observed variability and bias correction are propagated over the emissions dataset, demonstrating that daily observations may not cover the range of variability. Comparisons show both an emissions magnitude and spatial mismatch with current inventories.
Jian Wang, Lei Xue, Qianyao Ma, Feng Xu, Gaobin Xu, Shibo Yan, Jiawei Zhang, Jianlong Li, Honghai Zhang, Guiling Zhang, and Zhaohui Chen
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2935, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2935, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigated the distribution and sources of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in the lower atmosphere over the marginal seas of China. NMHCs, a subset of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), play a crucial role in atmospheric chemistry. Derived from systematic atmospheric sampling in coastal cities and marginal sea regions, this study offer valuable insights into the interaction between land and sea in shaping offshore atmospheric NMHCs.
Yao Yan Huang and D. James Donaldson
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2387–2398, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2387-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2387-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ground-level ozone interacts at the lake–land boundary; this is important to our understanding and modelling of atmospheric chemistry and air pollution in the lower atmosphere. We show that a steep ozone gradient occurs year-round moving inland up to 1 km from the lake and that this gradient is influenced by seasonal factors on the local land environment, where more rural areas are more greatly affected seasonally.
Katrin Müller, Jordis S. Tradowsky, Peter von der Gathen, Christoph Ritter, Sharon Patris, Justus Notholt, and Markus Rex
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2169–2193, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2169-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2169-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Palau Atmospheric Observatory is introduced as an ideal site to detect changes in atmospheric composition and dynamics above the remote tropical western Pacific. We focus on the ozone sounding program from 2016–2021, including El Niño 2016. The year-round high convective activity is reflected in dominant low tropospheric ozone and high relative humidity. Their seasonal distributions are unique compared to other tropical sites and are modulated by the Intertropical Convergence Zone.
Ziyan Guo, Keding Lu, Pengxiang Qiu, Mingyi Xu, and Zhaobing Guo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2195–2205, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2195-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2195-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The formation of secondary sulfate needs to be further explored. In this work, we simultaneously measured sulfur and oxygen isotopic compositions to gain an increased understanding of specific sulfate formation processes. The results indicated that secondary sulfate was mainly ascribed to SO2 homogeneous oxidation by OH radicals and heterogeneous oxidation by H2O2 and Fe3+ / O2. This study is favourable for deeply investigating the sulfur cycle in the atmosphere.
Imran A. Girach, Narendra Ojha, Prabha R. Nair, Kandula V. Subrahmanyam, Neelakantan Koushik, Mohammed M. Nazeer, Nadimpally Kiran Kumar, Surendran Nair Suresh Babu, Jos Lelieveld, and Andrea Pozzer
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1979–1995, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1979-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1979-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate surface ozone variability in East Antarctica based on measurements and EMAC global model simulations during austral summer. Nearly half of the surface ozone is found to be of stratospheric origin. The east coast of Antarctica acts as a stronger sink of ozone than surrounding regions. Photochemical loss of ozone is counterbalanced by downward transport of ozone. The study highlights the intertwined role of chemistry and dynamics in governing ozone variations over East Antarctica.
Ying Zhang, Duzitian Li, Xu-Cheng He, Wei Nie, Chenjuan Deng, Runlong Cai, Yuliang Liu, Yishuo Guo, Chong Liu, Yiran Li, Liangduo Chen, Yuanyuan Li, Chenjie Hua, Tingyu Liu, Zongcheng Wang, Jiali Xie, Lei Wang, Tuukka Petäjä, Federico Bianchi, Ximeng Qi, Xuguang Chi, Pauli Paasonen, Yongchun Liu, Chao Yan, Jingkun Jiang, Aijun Ding, and Markku Kulmala
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1873–1893, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1873-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1873-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study conducts a long-term observation of gaseous iodine oxoacids in two Chinese megacities, revealing their ubiquitous presence with peak concentrations (up to 0.1 pptv) in summer. Our analysis suggests a mix of terrestrial and marine sources for iodine. Additionally, iodic acid is identified as a notable contributor to sub-3 nm particle growth and particle survival probability.
Xinyuan Zhang, Lingling Wang, Nan Wang, Shuangliang Ma, Shenbo Wang, Ruiqin Zhang, Dong Zhang, Mingkai Wang, and Hongyu Zhang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2913, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2913, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Online observational data on particulate matter composition, gaseous pollutants, and meteorological conditions from ten sites in China before and during the COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed to investigate the variation in NH3 concentrations and particle pH and explore the promoting effect of increased pH values on HONO formation. This is the first study to discuss the reasons for the increase in AOC during the pandemic from the perspective of the influence of NH3 on HONO.
Guoxian Zhang, Renzhi Hu, Pinhua Xie, Changjin Hu, Xiaoyan Liu, Liujun Zhong, Haotian Cai, Bo Zhu, Shiyong Xia, Xiaofeng Huang, Xin Li, and Wenqing Liu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1825–1839, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1825-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1825-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Comprehensive observation of HOx radicals was conducted at a coastal site in the Pearl River Delta. Radical chemistry was influenced by different air masses in a time-dependent way. Land mass promotes a more active photochemical process, with daily averages of 7.1 × 106 and 5.2 × 108 cm−3 for OH and HO2 respectively. The rapid oxidation process was accompanied by a higher diurnal HONO concentration, which influences the ozone-sensitive system and eventually magnifies the background ozone.
Sarah Albertin, Joël Savarino, Slimane Bekki, Albane Barbero, Roberto Grilli, Quentin Fournier, Irène Ventrillard, Nicolas Caillon, and Kathy Law
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1361–1388, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1361-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1361-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study reports the first simultaneous records of oxygen (Δ17O) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopes in nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitrate (NO3−). These data are combined with atmospheric observations to explore sub-daily N reactive chemistry and quantify N fractionation effects in an Alpine winter city. The results highlight the necessity of using Δ17O and δ15N in both NO2 and NO3− to avoid biased estimations of NOx sources and fates from NO3− isotopic records in urban winter environments.
Shigeyuki Ishidoya, Kazuhiro Tsuboi, Hiroaki Kondo, Kentaro Ishijima, Nobuyuki Aoki, Hidekazu Matsueda, and Kazuyuki Saito
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1059–1077, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1059-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1059-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
A method evaluating techniques for carbon neutrality, such as carbon capture and storage (CCS), is important. This study presents a method to evaluate CO2 emissions from a cement plant based on atmospheric O2 and CO2 measurements. The method will also be useful for evaluating CO2 capture from flue gas at CCS plants, since the plants remove CO2 from the atmosphere without causing any O2 changes, just as cement plants do, differing only in the direction of CO2 exchange with the atmosphere.
Magdalena Pühl, Anke Roiger, Alina Fiehn, Alan M. Gorchov Negron, Eric A. Kort, Stefan Schwietzke, Ignacio Pisso, Amy Foulds, James Lee, James L. France, Anna E. Jones, Dave Lowry, Rebecca E. Fisher, Langwen Huang, Jacob Shaw, Prudence Bateson, Stephen Andrews, Stuart Young, Pamela Dominutti, Tom Lachlan-Cope, Alexandra Weiss, and Grant Allen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1005–1024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1005-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1005-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In April–May 2019 we carried out an airborne field campaign in the southern North Sea with the aim of studying methane emissions of offshore gas installations. We determined methane emissions from elevated methane measured downstream of the sampled installations. We compare our measured methane emissions with estimated methane emissions from national and global annual inventories. As a result, we find inconsistencies of inventories and large discrepancies between measurements and inventories.
Georgios I. Gkatzelis, Matthew M. Coggon, Chelsea E. Stockwell, Rebecca S. Hornbrook, Hannah Allen, Eric C. Apel, Megan M. Bela, Donald R. Blake, Ilann Bourgeois, Steven S. Brown, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Jason M. St. Clair, James H. Crawford, John D. Crounse, Douglas A. Day, Joshua P. DiGangi, Glenn S. Diskin, Alan Fried, Jessica B. Gilman, Hongyu Guo, Johnathan W. Hair, Hannah S. Halliday, Thomas F. Hanisco, Reem Hannun, Alan Hills, L. Gregory Huey, Jose L. Jimenez, Joseph M. Katich, Aaron Lamplugh, Young Ro Lee, Jin Liao, Jakob Lindaas, Stuart A. McKeen, Tomas Mikoviny, Benjamin A. Nault, J. Andrew Neuman, John B. Nowak, Demetrios Pagonis, Jeff Peischl, Anne E. Perring, Felix Piel, Pamela S. Rickly, Michael A. Robinson, Andrew W. Rollins, Thomas B. Ryerson, Melinda K. Schueneman, Rebecca H. Schwantes, Joshua P. Schwarz, Kanako Sekimoto, Vanessa Selimovic, Taylor Shingler, David J. Tanner, Laura Tomsche, Krystal T. Vasquez, Patrick R. Veres, Rebecca Washenfelder, Petter Weibring, Paul O. Wennberg, Armin Wisthaler, Glenn M. Wolfe, Caroline C. Womack, Lu Xu, Katherine Ball, Robert J. Yokelson, and Carsten Warneke
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 929–956, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-929-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-929-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study reports emissions of gases and particles from wildfires. These emissions are related to chemical proxies that can be measured by satellite and incorporated into models to improve predictions of wildfire impacts on air quality and climate.
Jie Wang, Haichao Wang, Yee Jun Tham, Lili Ming, Zelong Zheng, Guizhen Fang, Cuizhi Sun, Zhenhao Ling, Jun Zhao, and Shaojia Fan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 977–992, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-977-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-977-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Many works report NO3 chemistry in inland regions while less target marine regions. We measured N2O5 and related species on a typical island and found intensive nighttime chemistry and rapid NO3 loss. NO contributed significantly to NO3 loss despite its sub-ppbv level, suggesting nocturnal NO3 reactions would be largely enhanced once free from NO emissions in the open ocean. This highlights the strong influences of urban outflow on downward marine areas in terms of nighttime chemistry.
Tanja J. Schuck, Johannes Degen, Eric Hintsa, Peter Hoor, Markus Jesswein, Timo Keber, Daniel Kunkel, Fred Moore, Florian Obersteiner, Matt Rigby, Thomas Wagenhäuser, Luke M. Western, Andreas Zahn, and Andreas Engel
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 689–705, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-689-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-689-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We study the interhemispheric gradient of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), a strong long-lived greenhouse gas. Its emissions are stronger in the Northern Hemisphere; therefore, mixing ratios in the Southern Hemisphere lag behind. Comparing the observations to a box model, the model predicts air in the Southern Hemisphere to be older. For a better agreement, the emissions used as model input need to be increased (and their spatial pattern changed), and we need to modify north–south transport.
Jérémy Gueffier, François Gheusi, Marie Lothon, Véronique Pont, Alban Philibert, Fabienne Lohou, Solène Derrien, Yannick Bezombes, Gilles Athier, Yves Meyerfeld, Antoine Vial, and Emmanuel Leclerc
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 287–316, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-287-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-287-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates the link between weather regime and atmospheric composition at a Pyrenean observatory. Five years of meteorological data were synchronized on a daily basis and then, using a clustering method, separated into six groups of observation days, with most showing marked characteristics of different weather regimes (fair and disturbed weather, winter windstorms, foehn). Statistical differences in gas and particle concentrations appeared between the groups and are discussed.
Yusheng Zhang, Feixue Zheng, Zemin Feng, Chaofan Lian, Weigang Wang, Xiaolong Fan, Wei Ma, Zhuohui Lin, Chang Li, Gen Zhang, Chao Yan, Ying Zhang, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Federico Bianch, Tuukka Petäjä, Juha Kangasluoma, Markku Kulmala, and Yongchun Liu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-3139, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-3139, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, HONO budget has been validated during COVID-19 lockdown event. Main conclusions are as follows: 1. HONO concentrations show a significant decrease from 0.97 to 0.53ppb during lockdown. 2. Vehicle emissions accounted for 53% of nighttime sources. The heterogeneous conversion of NO2 on ground surfaces important (31%) than aerosol (2%). 3. Daytime dominant source shifts from the homogenous reaction between NO and OH (51%) to photolysis of nitrate photolysis (53%) during the lockdown.
Dong Zhang, Xiao Li, Minghao Yuan, Yifei Xu, Qixiang Xu, Fangcheng Su, Shenbo Wang, and Ruiqin Zhang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2835, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2835, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In recent years, Zhengzhou's O3 pollution has increasingly intensified, becoming one of the cities with the highest O3 pollution in central China. During the observation period, ethane, acetone, and propane were always the most abundant species. Vehicular exhaust, solvent usage, and industrial production were the main emission sources of VOCs. According to the scenario analysis, the minimum reduction ratio of AVOCs/NOx should be no less than 3:1 to reduce O3 production.
Nathaniel Brockway, Peter K. Peterson, Katja Bigge, Kristian D. Hajny, Paul B. Shepson, Kerri A. Pratt, Jose D. Fuentes, Tim Starn, Robert Kaeser, Brian H. Stirm, and William R. Simpson
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 23–40, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-23-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-23-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Bromine monoxide (BrO) strongly affects atmospheric chemistry in the springtime Arctic, yet there are still many uncertainties around its sources and recycling, particularly in the context of a rapidly changing Arctic. In this study, we observed BrO as a function of altitude above the Alaskan Arctic. We found that BrO was often most concentrated near the ground, confirming the ability of snow to produce and recycle reactive bromine, and identified four common vertical distributions of BrO.
Alina Fiehn, Maximilian Eckl, Julian Kostinek, Michał Gałkowski, Christoph Gerbig, Michael Rothe, Thomas Röckmann, Malika Menoud, Hossein Maazallahi, Martina Schmidt, Piotr Korbeń, Jarosław Neçki, Mila Stanisavljević, Justyna Swolkień, Andreas Fix, and Anke Roiger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15749–15765, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15749-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15749-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
During the CoMet mission in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB) ground-based and airborne air samples were taken and analyzed for the isotopic composition of CH4 to derive the mean signature of the USCB and source signatures of individual coal mines. Using δ2H signatures, the biogenic emissions from the USCB account for 15 %–50 % of total emissions, which is underestimated in common emission inventories. This demonstrates the importance of δ2H-CH4 observations for methane source apportionment.
Yifei Song, Chaoyang Xue, Yuanyuan Zhang, Pengfei Liu, Fengxia Bao, Xuran Li, and Yujing Mu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15733–15747, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15733-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15733-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present measurements of HONO flux and related parameters over an agricultural field during a whole growing season of summer maize. This dataset allows studies on the characteristics and influencing factors of soil HONO emissions, determination of HONO emission factors, estimation of total HONO emissions at a national scale, and the discussion on future environmental policies in terms of mitigating regional air pollution.
Can Ye, Keding Lu, Xuefei Ma, Wanyi Qiu, Shule Li, Xinping Yang, Chaoyang Xue, Tianyu Zhai, Yuhan Liu, Xuan Li, Yang Li, Haichao Wang, Zhaofeng Tan, Xiaorui Chen, Huabin Dong, Limin Zeng, Min Hu, and Yuanhang Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15455–15472, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15455-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15455-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, combining comprehensive field measurements and a box model, we found NO2 conversion on the ground surface was the most important source for HONO production among the proposed heterogeneous and gas-phase HONO sources. In addition, HONO was found to evidently enhance O3 production and aggravate O3 pollution in summer in China. Our study improved our understanding of the relative importance of different HONO sources and the crucial role of HONO in O3 formation in polluted areas.
Yann Cohen, Didier Hauglustaine, Bastien Sauvage, Susanne Rohs, Patrick Konjari, Ulrich Bundke, Andreas Petzold, Valérie Thouret, Andreas Zahn, and Helmut Ziereis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14973–15009, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14973-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14973-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The upper troposphere–lower stratosphere (UTLS) is a key region regarding the lower atmospheric composition. This study consists of a comprehensive evaluation of an up-to-date chemistry–climate model in this layer, using regular in situ measurements based on passenger aircraft. For this purpose, a specific software (Interpol-IAGOS) has been updated and made publicly available. The model reproduces the carbon monoxide peaks due to biomass burning over the continental tropics particularly well.
Yifan Jiang, Men Xia, Zhe Wang, Penggang Zheng, Yi Chen, and Tao Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14813–14828, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14813-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14813-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides the first estimate of high rates of formic acid (HCOOH) production from the photochemical aging of real ambient particles and demonstrates the potential importance of this pathway in the formation of HCOOH under ambient conditions. Incorporating this pathway significantly improved the performance of a widely used chemical model. Our solution irradiation experiments demonstrated the importance of nitrate photolysis in HCOOH production via the production of oxidants.
Xuelian Zhong, Hengqing Shen, Min Zhao, Ji Zhang, Yue Sun, Yuhong Liu, Yingnan Zhang, Ye Shan, Hongyong Li, Jiangshan Mu, Yu Yang, Yanqiu Nie, Jinghao Tang, Can Dong, Xinfeng Wang, Yujiao Zhu, Mingzhi Guo, Wenxing Wang, and Likun Xue
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14761–14778, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14761-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14761-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Nitrous acid (HONO) is vital for atmospheric oxidation. In research at Mount Lao, China, models revealed a significant unidentified marine HONO source. Overlooking this could skew our understanding of air quality and climate change. This finding emphasizes HONO’s importance in the coastal atmosphere, uncovering previously unnoticed interactions.
Steven Job Thomas, Toni Tykkä, Heidi Hellén, Federico Bianchi, and Arnaud P. Praplan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14627–14642, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14627-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14627-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The study employed total ozone reactivity to demonstrate how emissions of Norway spruce readily react with ozone and could be a major ozone sink, particularly under stress. Additionally, this approach provided insight into the limitations of current analytical techniques that measure the compounds present or emitted into the atmosphere. The study shows how the technique used was not enough to measure all compounds emitted, and this could potentially underestimate various atmospheric processes.
Jinsol Kim, John B. Miller, Charles E. Miller, Scott J. Lehman, Sylvia E. Michel, Vineet Yadav, Nick E. Rollins, and William M. Berelson
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14425–14436, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14425-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14425-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we present the partitioning of CO2 signals from biogenic, petroleum and natural gas sources by combining CO, 13CO2 and 14CO2 measurements. Using measurements from flask air samples at three sites in the greater Los Angeles region, we find larger and positive contributions of biogenic signals in winter and smaller and negative contributions in summer. The largest contribution of natural gas combustion generally occurs in summer.
Robert Woodward-Massey, Roberto Sommariva, Lisa K. Whalley, Danny R. Cryer, Trevor Ingham, William J. Bloss, Stephen M. Ball, Sam Cox, James D. Lee, Chris P. Reed, Leigh R. Crilley, Louisa J. Kramer, Brian J. Bandy, Grant L. Forster, Claire E. Reeves, Paul S. Monks, and Dwayne E. Heard
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14393–14424, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14393-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14393-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Measurements of OH, HO2 and RO2 radicals and also OH reactivity were made at a UK coastal site and compared to calculations from a constrained box model utilising the Master Chemical Mechanism. The model agreement displayed a strong dependence on the NO concentration. An experimental budget analysis for OH, HO2, RO2 and total ROx demonstrated significant imbalances between HO2 and RO2 production rates. Ozone production rates were calculated from measured radicals and compared to modelled values.
Leonard Kirago, Örjan Gustafsson, Samuel Mwaniki Gaita, Sophie L. Haslett, Michael J. Gatari, Maria Elena Popa, Thomas Röckmann, Christoph Zellweger, Martin Steinbacher, Jörg Klausen, Christian Félix, David Njiru, and August Andersson
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14349–14357, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14349-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14349-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides ground-observational evidence that supports earlier suggestions that savanna fires are the main emitters and modulators of carbon monoxide gas in Africa. Using isotope-based techniques, the study has shown that about two-thirds of this gas is emitted from savanna fires, while for urban areas, in this case Nairobi, primary sources approach 100 %. The latter has implications for air quality policy, suggesting primary emissions such as traffic should be targeted.
Clara M. Nussbaumer, Bryan K. Place, Qindan Zhu, Eva Y. Pfannerstill, Paul Wooldridge, Benjamin C. Schulze, Caleb Arata, Ryan Ward, Anthony Bucholtz, John H. Seinfeld, Allen H. Goldstein, and Ronald C. Cohen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13015–13028, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13015-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13015-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
NOx is a precursor to hazardous tropospheric ozone and can be emitted from various anthropogenic sources. It is important to quantify NOx emissions in urban environments to improve the local air quality, which still remains a challenge, as sources are heterogeneous in space and time. In this study, we calculate NOx emissions over Los Angeles, based on aircraft measurements in June 2021, and compare them to a local emission inventory, which we find mostly overpredicts the measured values.
Magdalena Okuljar, Olga Garmash, Miska Olin, Joni Kalliokoski, Hilkka Timonen, Jarkko V. Niemi, Pauli Paasonen, Jenni Kontkanen, Yanjun Zhang, Heidi Hellén, Heino Kuuluvainen, Minna Aurela, Hanna E. Manninen, Mikko Sipilä, Topi Rönkkö, Tuukka Petäjä, Markku Kulmala, Miikka Dal Maso, and Mikael Ehn
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12965–12983, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12965-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12965-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) form secondary organic aerosol that affects air quality and health. In this study, we demonstrate that in a moderately polluted city with abundant vegetation, the composition of HOMs is largely controlled by the effect of NOx on the biogenic volatile organic compound oxidation. Comparing the results from two nearby stations, we show that HOM composition and formation pathways can change considerably within small distances in urban environments.
Si-Wan Kim, Kyoung-Min Kim, Yujoo Jeong, Seunghwan Seo, Yeonsu Park, and Jeongyeon Kim
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12867–12886, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12867-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12867-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Surface ozone is a pollutant regulated for public health. This study derived surface ozone trends over South Korea from 2001 to 2021 and highlighted that South Korea has been a nonattainment area since 2010, based on the US EPA standard. However, the occurrences of high ozone condition decreased in spring during the COVID-19 pandemic, partly due to large reductions of ozone precursor concentrations in China and South Korea.
Zeyu Sun, Zheng Zong, Yang Tan, Chongguo Tian, Zeyu Liu, Fan Zhang, Rong Sun, Yingjun Chen, Jun Li, and Gan Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12851–12865, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12851-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12851-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This is the first report of ship-emitted nitrogen stable isotope composition (δ15N) of nitrogen oxides (NOx). The results showed that δ15N–NOx from ships was −18.5 ± 10.9 ‰ and increased monotonically with tightening emission regulations. The selective catalytic reduction system was the most vital factor. The temporal variation in δ15N–NOx was evaluated and can be used to select suitable δ15N–NOx for a more accurate assessment of the contribution of ship-emitted exhaust to atmospheric NOx.
Eva Y. Pfannerstill, Caleb Arata, Qindan Zhu, Benjamin C. Schulze, Roy Woods, John H. Seinfeld, Anthony Bucholtz, Ronald C. Cohen, and Allen H. Goldstein
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12753–12780, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12753-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12753-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The San Joaquin Valley is an agricultural area with poor air quality. Organic gases drive the formation of hazardous air pollutants. Agricultural emissions of these gases are not well understood and have rarely been quantified at landscape scale. By combining aircraft-based emission measurements with land cover information, we found mis- or unrepresented emission sources. Our results help in understanding of pollution sources and in improving predictions of air quality in agricultural regions.
Youwei Hong, Keran Zhang, Dan Liao, Gaojie Chen, Min Zhao, Yiling Lin, Xiaoting Ji, Ke Xu, Yu Wu, Ruilian Yu, Gongren Hu, Sung-Deuk Choi, Likun Xue, and Jinsheng Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10795–10807, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10795-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10795-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Particle uptakes of HCHO and the impacts on PM2.5 and O3 production remain highly uncertain. Based on the investigation of co-occurring wintertime O3 and PM2.5 pollution in a coastal city of southeast China, we found enhanced heterogeneous formation of hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) and increased ROx concentrations and net O3 production rates. The findings of this study are helpful to better explore the mechanisms of key precursors for co-occurring PM2.5 and O3 pollution.
Foteini Stavropoulou, Katarina Vinković, Bert Kers, Marcel de Vries, Steven van Heuven, Piotr Korbeń, Martina Schmidt, Julia Wietzel, Pawel Jagoda, Jaroslav M. Necki, Jakub Bartyzel, Hossein Maazallahi, Malika Menoud, Carina van der Veen, Sylvia Walter, Béla Tuzson, Jonas Ravelid, Randulph Paulo Morales, Lukas Emmenegger, Dominik Brunner, Michael Steiner, Arjan Hensen, Ilona Velzeboer, Pim van den Bulk, Hugo Denier van der Gon, Antonio Delre, Maklawe Essonanawe Edjabou, Charlotte Scheutz, Marius Corbu, Sebastian Iancu, Denisa Moaca, Alin Scarlat, Alexandru Tudor, Ioana Vizireanu, Andreea Calcan, Magdalena Ardelean, Sorin Ghemulet, Alexandru Pana, Aurel Constantinescu, Lucian Cusa, Alexandru Nica, Calin Baciu, Cristian Pop, Andrei Radovici, Alexandru Mereuta, Horatiu Stefanie, Alexandru Dandocsi, Bas Hermans, Stefan Schwietzke, Daniel Zavala-Araiza, Huilin Chen, and Thomas Röckmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10399–10412, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10399-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10399-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we quantify CH4 emissions from onshore oil production sites in Romania at source and facility level using a combination of ground- and drone-based measurement techniques. We show that the total CH4 emissions in our studied areas are much higher than the emissions reported to UNFCCC, and up to three-quarters of the detected emissions are related to operational venting. Our results suggest that oil and gas production infrastructure in Romania holds a massive mitigation potential.
Cited articles
Abeleira, A., Pollack, I. B., Sive, B., Zhou, Y., Fischer, E. V., and
Farmer, D. K.: Source characterization of volatile organic compounds in the
Colorado Northern Front Range Metropolitan Area during spring and summer
2015, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.,
122, 3595–3613, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jd026227, 2017.
Akagi, S. K., Yokelson, R. J., Wiedinmyer, C., Alvarado, M. J., Reid, J. S., Karl, T., Crounse, J. D., and
Wennberg, P. O.: Emission factors for open and domestic biomass burning for use in atmospheric models,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 4039–4072, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-4039-2011, 2011.
An, J., Zhu, B., Wang, H., Li, Y., Lin, X., and Yang, H.: Characteristics
and source apportionment of VOCs measured in an industrial area of Nanjing,
Yangtze River Delta, China, Atmos. Environ., 97, 206–214,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.08.021, 2014.
Barletta, B., Meinardi, S., Sherwood Rowland, F., Chan, C.-Y., Wang, X.,
Zou, S., Yin Chan, L., and Blake, D. R.: Volatile organic compounds in 43
Chinese cities, Atmos. Environ., 39, 5979–5990,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.06.029, 2005.
Borbon, A., Locoge, N., Veillerot, M., Galloo, J. C., and Guillermo, R.:
Characterisation of NMHCs in a French urban atmosphere: overview of the main
sources, Sci. Total Environ., 292, 177–191, 2002.
Carter, W. P. L.: Development of Ozone Reactivity Scales for Volatile
Organic Compounds, J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc., 44, 881–899,
1994.
Carter, W. P. L.: Development of the SAPRC-07 Chemical Mechanism and Updated
Ozone Reactivity Scales, available at:
https://www.cert.ucr.edu/~carter/SAPRC (last access: 13 March 2018), 2010.
Chen, W. T., Shao, M., Lu, S. H., Wang, M., Zeng, L. M., Yuan, B., and Liu, Y.: Understanding primary and secondary
sources of ambient carbonyl compounds in Beijing using the PMF model, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 3047–3062, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-3047-2014, 2014.
Cheng, L., Fu, L., Angle, R. P., and Sandhu, H. S.: Seasonal variations of
volatile organic compounds in Edmonton, Alberta, Atmos. Environ., 31,
239–246, 1997.
Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection: Ambient Air Quality Index
(AQI) Technical Provisions (Trial), available at:
http://kjs.mee.gov.cn/hjbhbz/bzwb/jcffbz/201203/t20120302_224166.shtml (last access: 3 November 2018), 2012.
Choek, D. P. and Heuss, J. M.: Urban ozone and its precursors, Environ.
Sci. Technol., 21, 1146–1153, 1987.
Duan, J., Tan, J., Yang, L., Wu, S., and Hao, J.: Concentration, sources and
ozone formation potential of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during ozone
episode in Beijing, Atmos. Res., 88, 25–35, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2007.09.004,
2008.
Fujita, E. M.: Hydrocarbon source apportionment for the 1996 Paso del Norte
Ozone Study, Sci. Total Environ., 276, 171–184, 2001.
Fujita, E. M., Watson, J. G., Chow, J. C., and Lu, Z.: Validation of the
chemical mass balance receptor model applied to hydrocarbon source
apportionment in the southern California air quality study, Environ. Sci.
Technol., 28, 1633–1649, 1994.
Gao, W., Tie, X., Xu, J., Huang, R., Mao, X., Zhou, G., and Chang, L.:
Long-term trend of O3 in a mega City (Shanghai), China:
Characteristics, causes, and interactions with precursors, Sci. Total
Environ., 603–604, 425–433, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.099, 2017.
Geng, N., Wang, J., Xu, Y., Zhang, W., Chen, C., and Zhang, R.: PM2.5 in an
industrial district of Zhengzhou, China: Chemical composition and source
apportionment, Particuology, 11, 99–109, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2012.08.004, 2013.
Gentner, D. R., Worton, D. R., Isaacman, G., Davis, L. C., Dallmann, T. R.,
Wood, E. C., Herndon, S. C., Goldstein, A. H., and Harley, R. A.: Chemical
composition of gas-phase organic carbon emissions from motor vehicles and
implications for ozone production, Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, 11837–11848,
https://doi.org/10.1021/es401470e, 2013.
Gilman, J. B., Lerner, B. M., Kuster, W. C., and de Gouw, J. A.: Source
signature of volatile organic compounds from oil and natural gas operations
in northeastern Colorado, Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, 1297–1305,
https://doi.org/10.1021/es304119a, 2013.
Gong, M., Yin, S., Gu, X., Xu, Y., Jiang, N., and Zhang, R.: Refined
2013-based vehicle emission inventory and its spatial and temporal
characteristics in Zhengzhou, China, Sci. Total Environ., 599–600,
1149–1159, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.299, 2017.
Guenther, A., Hewitt, C. N., Erickson, D., Fall, R., Geron, C., Graedel, T.,
Harley, P., Klinger, L., Lerdau, M., McKay, W. A., Pierce, T., Scholes, B.,
Steinbrecher, R., Tallamraju, R., Taylor, J., and Zimmerman, P.: A global
model of natural volatile organic compound emissions, J. Geophys. Res., 100,
8873–8892, 1995.
Guenther, A. B., Zimmerman, P. R., and Harley, P. C.: Isoprene and
monoterpene emission rate variability: model evaluations and sensitivity
analyses, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 12609–12617, 1993.
Guo, H., Cheng, H. R., Ling, Z. H., Louie, P. K., and Ayoko, G. A.: Which
emission sources are responsible for the volatile organic compounds in the
atmosphere of Pearl River Delta?, J. Hazard. Mater., 188, 116–124,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.01.081, 2011.
Guo, H., Ling, Z. H., Cheng, H. R., Simpson, I. J., Lyu, X. P., Wang, X. M.,
Shao, M., Lu, H. X., Ayoko, G., Zhang, Y. L., Saunders, S. M., Lam, S. H.
M., Wang, J. L., and Blake, D. R.: Tropospheric volatile organic compounds
in China, Sci. Total Environ., 574, 1021–1043,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.116, 2017.
Guo, S., Tan, J., Duan, J., Ma, Y., Yang, F., He, K., and Hao, J.:
Characteristics of atmospheric non-methane hydrocarbons during haze episode
in Beijing, China, Environ. Monit. Assess., 184, 7235–7246,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-011-2493-9, 2012.
Haagen-Smit, A. T.: Chemistry and physiology of Los Angeles smog, J. Ind.
Eng. Chem., 44, 1342–1346, 1952.
Hanna, S. R., Moore, G. E., and Fernau, M.: Evaluation of photochemical grid
models (UAM-IV, UAM-V, and the ROM/UAM-IV couple) using data from the Lake
Michigan Ozone Study (LMOS), Atmos. Environ., 30, 3265–3279, 1996.
Hidy, G. M. and Blanchard, C. L.: Precursor reductions and ground-level
ozone in the Continental United States, J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc.,
65, 1261–1282, https://doi.org/10.1080/10962247.2015.1079564, 2015.
Ho, K. F., Lee, S. C., Ho, W. K., Blake, D. R., Cheng, Y., Li, Y. S., Ho, S. S. H., Fung, K., Louie, P. K. K., and Park, D.:
Vehicular emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from a tunnel study in Hong Kong, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 7491–7504,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-7491-2009, 2009.
Hopke, P. K., Barrie, L. A., Li, S.-M., Cheng, M.-D., Li, C., and Xie, Y.:
Possible sources and preferred pathways for biogenic and non-sea-salt sulfur
for the high Arctic, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 100, 16595–16603, 1995.
Huang, Y., Ling, Z. H., Lee, S. C., Ho, S. S. H., Cao, J. J., Blake, D. R.,
Cheng, Y., Lai, S. C., Ho, K. F., Gao, Y., Cui, L., and Louie, P. K. K.:
Characterization of volatile organic compounds at a roadside environment in
Hong Kong: An investigation of influences after air pollution control
strategies, Atmos. Environ., 122, 809–818, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.09.036,
2015.
Jia, C., Mao, X., Huang, T., Liang, X., Wang, Y., Shen, Y., Jiang, W., Wang,
H., Bai, Z., Ma, M., Yu, Z., Ma, J., and Gao, H.: Non-methane hydrocarbons
(NMHCs) and their contribution to ozone formation potential in a
petrochemical industrialized city, Northwest China, Atmos. Res., 169,
225–236, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2015.10.006, 2016.
Jin, X. and Holloway, T.: Spatial and temporal variability of ozone
sensitivity over China observed from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument, J.
Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 120, 7229–7246, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jd023250, 2015.
Jobson, B. T., Berkowitz, C. M., Kuster, W. C., Goldan, P. D., Williams, E.
J., Fesenfeld, F. C., Apel, E. C., Karl, T., Lonneman, W. A., and Riemer,
D.: Hydrocarbon source signatures in Houston, Texas: Influence of the
petrochemical industry, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 109,
D24305, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004jd004887,
2004.
Lau, A. K., Yuan, Z., Yu, J. Z., and Louie, P. K.: Source apportionment of
ambient volatile organic compounds in Hong Kong, Sci. Total Environ., 408,
4138–4149, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.05.025, 2010.
Li, B., Ho, S. S. H., Xue, Y., Huang, Y., Wang, L., Cheng, Y., Dai, W.,
Zhong, H., Cao, J., and Lee, S.: Characterizations of volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) from vehicular emissions at roadside environment: The first
comprehensive study in Northwestern China, Atmos. Environ., 161, 1–12,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.04.029, 2017a.
Li, K., Chen, L., Ying, F., White, S. J., Jang, C., Wu, X., Gao, X., Hong,
S., Shen, J., Azzi, M., and Cen, K.: Meteorological and chemical impacts on
ozone formation: A case study in Hangzhou, China, Atmos. Res.,
196, 40–52, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2017.06.003, 2017b.
Li, L. and Wang, X.: Seasonal and diurnal variations of atmospheric
non-methane hydrocarbons in Guangzhou, China, Inter. J. Env. Res. Pub.
Heal., 9, 1859–1873, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph9051859, 2012.
Li, L., Chen, Y., Zeng, L., Shao, M., Xie, S., Chen, W., Lu, S., Wu, Y., and
Cao, W.: Biomass burning contribution to ambient volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) in the Chengdu–Chongqing Region (CCR), China, Atmos. Environ., 99,
403–410, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.09.067, 2014.
Li, Q., Zhang, L., Wang, T., Wang, Z., Fu, X., and Zhang, Q.: “New” Reactive
Nitrogen Chemistry Reshapes the Relationship of Ozone to Its Precursors,
Environ. Sci. Technol., 52, 2810–2818, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b05771, 2018.
Lin, X., Traner, M., and Liu, S. C.: On the Nonlinearity of the Tropospheric
Ozone Production, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 93, 15879–15888, 1998.
Liu, B., Liang, D., Yang, J., Dai, Q., Bi, X., Feng, Y., Yuan, J., Xiao, Z.,
Zhang, Y., and Xu, H.: Characterization and source apportionment of volatile
organic compounds based on 1-year of observational data in Tianjin, China,
Environ. Pollut., 218, 757–769, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.07.072, 2016.
Liu, H., Liu, S., Xue, B., Lv, Z., Meng, Z., Yang, X., Xue, T., Yu, Q., and
He, K.: Ground-level ozone pollution and its health impacts in China, Atmos.
Environ., 173, 223–230, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.11.014, 2018.
Liu, Y., Shao, M., Fu, L., Lu, S., Zeng, L., and Tang, D.: Source profiles
of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) measured in China: Part I, Atmos.
Environ., 42, 6247–6260, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.01.070, 2008.
Liu, Y., Yuan, B., Li, X., Shao, M., Lu, S., Li, Y., Chang, C.-C., Wang, Z., Hu, W., Huang, X., He, L., Zeng, L., Hu, M.,
and Zhu, T.: Impact of pollution controls in Beijing on atmospheric oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) during
the 2008 Olympic Games: observation and modeling implications, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 3045–3062, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-3045-2015, 2015.
Louie, P. K. K., Ho, J. W. K., Tsang, R. C. W., Blake, D. R., Lau, A. K. H.,
Yu, J. Z., Yuan, Z., Wang, X., Shao, M., and Zhong, L.: VOCs and OVOCs
distribution and control policy implications in Pearl River Delta region,
China, Atmos. Environ., 76, 125–135, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.08.058, 2013.
Luecken, D. J., Napelenok, S. L., Strum, M., Scheffe, R., and Phillips, S.:
Sensitivity of Ambient Atmospheric Formaldehyde and Ozone to Precursor
Species and Source Types Across the United States, Environ. Sci. Technol.,
52, 4668–4675, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b05509, 2018.
Lyu, X. P., Chen, N., Guo, H., Zhang, W. H., Wang, N., Wang, Y., and Liu,
M.: Ambient volatile organic compounds and their effect on ozone production
in Wuhan, central China, Sci. Total Environ., 541, 200–209,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.09.093, 2016.
Malley, C. S., Braban, C. F., Dumitrean, P., Cape, J. N., and Heal, M. R.: The impact of speciated VOCs on regional
ozone increment derived from measurements at the UK EMEP supersites between 1999 and 2012, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 8361–8380, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-8361-2015, 2015.
McGaughey, G. R., Desai, N. R., Allen, D. T., Seila, R. L., Lonneman, W. A.,
Fraser, M. P., Harley, R. A., Pollack, A. K., Ivy, J. M., and Price, J. H.:
Analysis of motor vehicle emissions in a Houston tunnel during the Texas Air
Quality Study 2000, Atmos. Environ., 38, 3363–3372,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.03.006, 2004.
Na, K., Kim, Y. P., Moon, K.-C., Moon, I., and Fung, K.: Concentrations of
volatile organic compounds in an industrial area of Korea, Atmos. Environ.,
35, 2747–2756, 2001.
Nagashima, T., Sudo, K., Akimoto, H., Kurokawa, J., and Ohara, T.: Long-term change in the source contribution to surface
ozone over Japan, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 8231–8246, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8231-2017, 2017.
Oliver, K. D., Adams, J. R., Daughtrey Jr., E. H., Mcclenny, W. A., Yoong, M. J.,
and Pardee, M. A.: Technique for monitoring ozone precursor hydrocarbons in
air at photochemical assessment monitoring stations: sorbent
preconcentration, closed-cycle cooler cryofocusing, and GC-FID analysis,
Atmos. Environ., 30, 2751–2757, 1996.
Ou, J., Zheng, J., Li, R., Huang, X., Zhong, Z., Zhong, L., and Lin, H.:
Speciated OVOC and VOC emission inventories and their implications for
reactivity-based ozone control strategy in the Pearl River Delta region,
China, Sci. Total Environ., 530–531, 393–402,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.05.062, 2015.
Ou, J., Yuan, Z., Zheng, J., Huang, Z., Shao, M., Li, Z., Huang, X., Guo,
H., and Louie, P. K.: Ambient Ozone Control in a Photochemically Active
Region: Short-Term Despiking or Long-Term Attainment?, Environ. Sci.
Technol., 50, 5720–5728, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b00345, 2016.
Polissar, A. V., Hopke, P. K., Paatero, P., Kaufmann, Y. J., Hall, D. K.,
Bodhaine, B. A., Dutton, E. G., and Harris, J. M.: The aerosol at Barrow,
Alaska: long-term trends and source locations, Atmos. Environ., 33,
2441–2458, 1999.
Pollack, I. B., Ryerson, T. B., Trainer, M., Neuman, J. A., Roberts, J. M.,
and Parrish, D. D.: Trends in ozone, its precursors, and related secondary
oxidation products in Los Angeles, California: A synthesis of measurements
from 1960 to 2010, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 118, 5893–5911,
https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50472, 2013.
Raysoni, A. U., Stock, T. H., Sarnat, J. A., Chavez, M. C., Sarnat, S. E.,
Montoya, T., Holguin, F., and Li, W. W.: Evaluation of VOC concentrations in
indoor and outdoor microenvironments at near-road schools, Environ. Pollut.,
231, 681–693, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.08.065, 2017.
Russo, R. S., Zhou, Y., White, M. L., Mao, H., Talbot, R., and Sive, B. C.: Multi-year (2004–2008) record of
nonmethane hydrocarbons and halocarbons in New England: seasonal variations and regional sources, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 4909–4929,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-4909-2010, 2010.
Shao, M., Lu, S., Liu, Y., Xie, X., Chang, C., Huang, S., and Chen, Z.:
Volatile organic compounds measured in summer in Beijing and their role in
ground-level ozone formation, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 114,
114, D00G06, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008jd010863, 2009.
Shao, M., Wang, B., Lu, S., Yuan, B., and Wang, M.: Effects of Beijing
Olympics Control Measures on Reducing Reactive Hydrocarbon Species, Environ.
Sci. Technol., 45, 514–519, 2011.
Shao, P., An, J., Xin, J., Wu, F., Wang, J., Ji, D., and Wang, Y.: Source
apportionment of VOCs and the contribution to photochemical ozone formation
during summer in the typical industrial area in the Yangtze River Delta,
China, Atmos. Res., 176–177, 64–74, doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2016.02.015, 2016.
Shen, F., Ge, X., Hu, J., Nie, D., Tian, L., and Chen, M.: Air pollution
characteristics and health risks in Henan Province, China, Environ. Res.,
156, 625–634, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.04.026, 2017.
Shiu, C.-J., Liu, S. C., Chang, C.-C., Chen, J.-P., Chou, C. C. K., Lin,
C.-Y., and Young, C.-Y.: Photochemical production of ozone and control
strategy for Southern Taiwan, Atmos. Environ., 41, 9324–9340,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.09.014, 2007.
Sillman, S.: The relation between ozone, NOx and hydrocarbons in urban and
polluted rural environments, Atmos. Environ., 33, 1821–1845, 1999.
Streets, D. G., Fu, J. S., Jang, C. J., Hao, J., He, K., Tang, X., Zhang,
Y., Wang, Z., Li, Z., Zhang, Q., Wang, L., Wang, B., and Yu, C.: Air quality
during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, Atmos. Environ., 41, 480–492,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.08.046, 2007.
Sun, J., Wu, F., Hu, B., Tang, G., Zhang, J., and Wang, Y.: VOC
characteristics, emissions and contributions to SOA formation during hazy
episodes, Atmos. Environ., 141, 560–570, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.06.060,
2016.
Tang, J. H., Chan, L. Y., Chan, C. Y., Li, Y. S., Chang, C. C., Liu, S. C.,
Wu, D., and Li, Y. D.: Characteristics and diurnal variations of NMHCs at
urban, suburban, and rural sites in the Pearl River Delta and a remote site
in South China, Atmos. Environ., 41, 8620–8632,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.07.029, 2007.
Tsai, S. M., Zhang, J. J., Smith, K. R., Ma, Y., Rasmussen, R. A., and
Khalil, M. A. K.: Characterization of Non-methane Hydrocarbons Emitted from
Various Cookstoves Used in China, Environ. Sci. Technol., 37, 2869–2877,
2003.
US EPA: Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations (PAMS), available at:
https://www3.epa.gov/ttnamti1/pamsmain.html (last access: 3 December
2018), 1990.
US EPA: Compendium Method TO-15: Determination of volatile organic compounds
in air collected in specially prepared canisters and analyzed by gas
chromatography/mass spectrometry, 1999.
US EPA: National air pollutant emission trends 1900–1998, Off. Air Qual.
Plann. Stand., Research Triangle Park, N. C, Rep. EPA 454/R-00-002, 2000.
Wang, H., Qiao, Y., Chen, C., Lu, J., Qiao, L., and Lou, S.: Source Profiles
and Chemical Reactivity of Volatile Organic Compounds from Solvent Use in
Shanghai, China, Aerosol Air Qual. Res.,
14, 301–310, https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2013.03.0064, 2014.
Wang, H.-L., Jing, S.-A., Lou, S.-R., Hu, Q.-Y., Li, L., Tao, S.-K., Huang,
C., Qiao, L.-P., and Chen, C.-H.: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) source
profiles of on-road vehicle emissions in China, Sci. Total Environ.,
607–608, 253–261, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.001, 2017a.
Wang, M., Shao, M., Lu, S.-H., Yang, Y.-D., and Chen, W.-T.: Evidence of
coal combustion contribution to ambient VOCs during winter in Beijing, Chin.
Chem. Lett., 24, 829–832, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cclet.2013.05.029, 2013.
Wang, M., Shao, M., Chen, W., Lu, S., Liu, Y., Yuan, B., Zhang, Q., Zhang, Q., Chang, C.-C., Wang, B., Zeng, L., Hu, M.,
Yang, Y., and Li, Y.: Trends of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) emissions in Beijing during 2002–2013, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15,
1489–1502, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1489-2015, 2015.
Wang, Q., Li, S., Dong, M., Li, W., Gao, X., Ye, R., and Zhang, D.: VOCs
emission characteristics and priority control analysis based on VOCs
emission inventories and ozone formation potentials in Zhoushan, Atmos.
Environ., 182, 234–241, 2018.
Wang, T., Xue, L., Brimblecombe, P., Lam, Y. F., Li, L., and Zhang, L.:
Ozone pollution in China: A review of concentrations, meteorological
influences, chemical precursors, and effects, Sci. Total Environ., 575,
1582–1596, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.081, 2017b.
Wang, X.-M., Sheng, G.-Y., Fu, J.-M., Chan, C.-Y., Lee, S.-C., Chan, L. Y.,
and Wang, Z.-S.: Urban roadside aromatic hydrocarbons in three cities of the
Pearl River Delta, People's Republic of China, Atmos. Environ., 36,
5141–5148, 2002.
Wei, W., Cheng, S., Li, G., Wang, G., and Wang, H.: Characteristics of ozone
and ozone precursors (VOCs and NOx) around a petroleum refinery in Beijing,
China, J. Environ. Sci.-China, 26, 332–342, https://doi.org/10.1016/s1001-0742(13)60412-x,
2014.
Wu, R. and Xie, S.: Spatial Distribution of Ozone Formation in China
Derived from Emissions of Speciated Volatile Organic Compounds, Environ.
Sci. Technol., 51, 2574–2583, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b03634, 2017.
Xue, Y., Ho, S. S. H., Huang, Y., Li, B., Wang, L., Dai, W., Cao, J., and
Lee, S.: Source apportionment of VOCs and their impacts on surface ozone in
an industry city of Baoji, Northwestern China, Sci. Rep., 7, 9979,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-10631-4, 2017.
Yan, Y., Peng, L., Li, R., Li, Y., Li, L., and Bai, H.: Concentration, ozone
formation potential and source analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
in a thermal power station centralized area: A study in Shuozhou, China,
Environ. Pollut., 223, 295–304, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.01.026, 2017.
Yuan, B., Shao, M., de Gouw, J., Parrish, D. D., Lu, S., Wang, M., Zeng, L.,
Zhang, Q., Song, Y., Zhang, J., and Hu, M.: Volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) in urban air: How chemistry affects the interpretation of positive
matrix factorization (PMF) analysis, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 117,
117, D24302,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2012jd018236, 2012.
Zhang, Z., Wang, X., Zhang, Y., Lu, S., Huang, Z., Huang, X., and Wang, Y.:
Ambient air benzene at background sites in China's most developed coastal
regions: exposure levels, source implications and health risks, Sci. Total
Environ., 511, 792–800, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.003, 2015.
Zhu, Y., Yang, L., Chen, J., Wang, X., Xue, L., Sui, X., Wen, L., Xu, C.,
Yao, L., Zhang, J., Shao, M., Lu, S., and Wang, W.: Characteristics of
ambient volatile organic compounds and the influence f biomass burning at a
rural site in Northern China during summer 2013, Atmos. Environ., 124,
156–165, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.08.097, 2016.
Short summary
Ozone (O3) pollution is affecting Chinese cities. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are important contributors in the production of tropospheric O3. The local chemical species that play a vital role in O3 formation are identified. Vehicle emissions, coal + biomass burning and solvent use were the most important sources for ambient VOCs. This study provides first-hand information on the characteristics of VOCs and assists in overcoming the O3 pollution issue in Zhengzhou, China.
Ozone (O3) pollution is affecting Chinese cities. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint