Articles | Volume 17, issue 2
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 1061–1080, 2017
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-1061-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 1061–1080, 2017
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-1061-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article 24 Jan 2017
Research article | 24 Jan 2017
Processes controlling the seasonal variations in 210Pb and 7Be at the Mt. Cimone WMO-GAW global station, Italy: a model analysis
Erika Brattich et al.
Related authors
Laura Tositti, Erika Brattich, Claudio Cassardo, Pietro Morozzi, Alessandro Bracci, Angela Marinoni, Silvana Di Sabatino, Federico Porcù, and Alessandro Zappi
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-429, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-429, 2021
Preprint under review for ACP
Short summary
Short summary
We present a thorough investigation of an anomalous transport of mineral dust over a region renowned for excess airborne particulate matter, the Italian Po valley, which occurred in late March 2021. The anomaly stands in both the origin of this dust outbreak which was localized in central Asia, i.e. the so-called Aralkum desert, and on the upstream synoptic conditions herein investigated in extreme detail using multiple integrated observations including in-situ measurements and remote sensing.
Erika Brattich, Hongyu Liu, Bo Zhang, Miguel Ángel Hernández-Ceballos, Jussi Paatero, Darko Sarvan, Vladimir Djurdjevic, Laura Tositti, and Jelena Ajtić
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-1121, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-1121, 2021
Revised manuscript accepted for ACP
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we analyse the output of a chemistry and transport model together with observations of different meteorological and compositional variables to demonstrate the link between sudden stratospheric warming and transport of stratospheric air to the surface in the subpolar regions of Europe during the cold season. Our findings have particular implications for atmospheric composition since climate projections indicate more frequent sudden stratospheric warming under a warmer climate.
Erika Brattich, Encarnación Serrano Castillo, Fabrizio Giulietti, Jean-Baptiste Renard, Sachi N. Tripathi, Kunal Ghosh, Gwenael Berthet, Damien Vignelles, and Laura Tositti
Ann. Geophys., 37, 389–403, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-37-389-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-37-389-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This paper describes the aerosol measurement setup and results obtained from the BEXUS18 stratospheric balloon within the A5-Unib (Advanced Atmospheric Aerosol Acquisition and Analysis) experiment performed on 10 October 2014 in northern Sweden (Kiruna). The experiment and the results here presented broaden the understanding of the processes linking the presence of charges with particles all over the vertical heights from the ground to the stratosphere.
Hossein Dadashazar, Majid Alipanah, Miguel Ricardo A. Hilario, Ewan Crosbie, Simon Kirschler, Hongyu Liu, Richard H. Moore, Andrew J. Peters, Amy Jo Scarino, Michael Shook, K. Lee Thornhill, Christiane Voigt, Hailong Wang, Edward Winstead, Bo Zhang, Luke Ziemba, and Armin Sorooshian
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16121–16141, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16121-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16121-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates precipitation impacts on long-range transport of North American outflow over the western North Atlantic Ocean (WNAO). Results demonstrate that precipitation scavenging plays a significant role in modifying surface aerosol concentrations over the WNAO, especially in winter and spring due to large-scale scavenging processes. This study highlights how precipitation impacts surface aerosol properties with relevance for other marine regions vulnerable to continental outflow.
Laura Tositti, Erika Brattich, Claudio Cassardo, Pietro Morozzi, Alessandro Bracci, Angela Marinoni, Silvana Di Sabatino, Federico Porcù, and Alessandro Zappi
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-429, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-429, 2021
Preprint under review for ACP
Short summary
Short summary
We present a thorough investigation of an anomalous transport of mineral dust over a region renowned for excess airborne particulate matter, the Italian Po valley, which occurred in late March 2021. The anomaly stands in both the origin of this dust outbreak which was localized in central Asia, i.e. the so-called Aralkum desert, and on the upstream synoptic conditions herein investigated in extreme detail using multiple integrated observations including in-situ measurements and remote sensing.
Kevin J. Sanchez, Bo Zhang, Hongyu Liu, Matthew D. Brown, Ewan C. Crosbie, Francesca Gallo, Jonathan W. Hair, Chris A. Hostetler, Carolyn E. Jordan, Claire E. Robinson, Amy Jo Scarino, Taylor J. Shingler, Michael A. Shook, Kenneth L. Thornhill, Elizabeth B. Wiggins, Edward L. Winstead, Luke D. Ziemba, Georges Saliba, Savannah L. Lewis, Lynn M. Russell, Patricia K. Quinn, Timothy S. Bates, Jack Porter, Thomas G. Bell, Peter Gaube, Eric S. Saltzman, Michael J. Behrenfeld, and Richard H. Moore
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-540, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-540, 2021
Preprint under review for ACP
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric particle concentrations impact clouds, which strongly impact the amount of sunlight reflected back into space and the overall climate. Measurements of particles over the ocean are rare and expensive to collect, so models are necessary to fill in the gaps by simulating both particle and clouds. However, some measurements are needed to test the accuracy of the models. Here, we measure changes in particles in different weather conditions, which are ideal for comparison with models.
Min Huang, James H. Crawford, Joshua P. DiGangi, Gregory R. Carmichael, Kevin W. Bowman, Sujay V. Kumar, and Xiwu Zhan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 11013–11040, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11013-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11013-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study evaluates the impact of satellite soil moisture data assimilation on modeled weather and ozone fields at various altitudes above the southeastern US during the summer. It emphasizes the importance of soil moisture in the understanding of surface ozone pollution and upper tropospheric chemistry, as well as air pollutants’ source–receptor relationships between the US and its downwind areas.
Hossein Dadashazar, David Painemal, Majid Alipanah, Michael Brunke, Seethala Chellappan, Andrea F. Corral, Ewan Crosbie, Simon Kirschler, Hongyu Liu, Richard H. Moore, Claire Robinson, Amy Jo Scarino, Michael Shook, Kenneth Sinclair, K. Lee Thornhill, Christiane Voigt, Hailong Wang, Edward Winstead, Xubin Zeng, Luke Ziemba, Paquita Zuidema, and Armin Sorooshian
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 10499–10526, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10499-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10499-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates the seasonal cycle of cloud drop number concentration (Nd) over the western North Atlantic Ocean (WNAO) using multiple datasets. Reasons for the puzzling discrepancy between the seasonal cycles of Nd and aerosol concentration were identified. Results indicate that Nd is highest in winter (when aerosol proxy values are often lowest) due to conditions both linked to cold-air outbreaks and that promote greater droplet activation.
Wenfu Tang, David P. Edwards, Louisa K. Emmons, Helen M. Worden, Laura M. Judd, Lok N. Lamsal, Jassim A. Al-Saadi, Scott J. Janz, James H. Crawford, Merritt N. Deeter, Gabriele Pfister, Rebecca R. Buchholz, Benjamin Gaubert, and Caroline R. Nowlan
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 4639–4655, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-4639-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-4639-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We use high-resolution airborne mapping spectrometer measurements to assess sub-grid variability within satellite pixels over urban regions. The sub-grid variability within satellite pixels increases with increasing satellite pixel sizes. Temporal variability within satellite pixels decreases with increasing satellite pixel sizes. This work is particularly relevant and useful for future satellite design, satellite data interpretation, and point-grid data comparisons.
Erika Brattich, Hongyu Liu, Bo Zhang, Miguel Ángel Hernández-Ceballos, Jussi Paatero, Darko Sarvan, Vladimir Djurdjevic, Laura Tositti, and Jelena Ajtić
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-1121, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-1121, 2021
Revised manuscript accepted for ACP
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we analyse the output of a chemistry and transport model together with observations of different meteorological and compositional variables to demonstrate the link between sudden stratospheric warming and transport of stratospheric air to the surface in the subpolar regions of Europe during the cold season. Our findings have particular implications for atmospheric composition since climate projections indicate more frequent sudden stratospheric warming under a warmer climate.
Betty Croft, Randall V. Martin, Richard H. Moore, Luke D. Ziemba, Ewan C. Crosbie, Hongyu Liu, Lynn M. Russell, Georges Saliba, Armin Wisthaler, Markus Müller, Arne Schiller, Martí Galí, Rachel Y.-W. Chang, Erin E. McDuffie, Kelsey R. Bilsback, and Jeffrey R. Pierce
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 1889–1916, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1889-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1889-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecosystems Study measurements combined with GEOS-Chem-TOMAS modeling suggest that several not-well-understood key factors control northwest Atlantic aerosol number and size. These synergetic and climate-relevant factors include particle formation near and above the marine boundary layer top, particle growth by marine secondary organic aerosol on descent, particle formation/growth related to dimethyl sulfide, sea spray aerosol, and ship emissions.
Bo Zhang, Hongyu Liu, James H. Crawford, Gao Chen, T. Duncan Fairlie, Scott Chambers, Chang-Hee Kang, Alastair G. Williams, Kai Zhang, David B. Considine, Melissa P. Sulprizio, and Robert M. Yantosca
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 1861–1887, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1861-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1861-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We simulate atmospheric 222Rn using the GEOS-Chem model to improve understanding of 222Rn emissions and characterize convective transport in the model. We demonstrate the potential of a customized global 222Rn emission scenario to improve simulated surface 222Rn concentrations and seasonality. We assess convective transport using observed 222Rn vertical profiles. Results have important implications for using chemical transport models to interpret the transport of trace gases and aerosols.
Kevin J. Sanchez, Bo Zhang, Hongyu Liu, Georges Saliba, Chia-Li Chen, Savannah L. Lewis, Lynn M. Russell, Michael A. Shook, Ewan C. Crosbie, Luke D. Ziemba, Matthew D. Brown, Taylor J. Shingler, Claire E. Robinson, Elizabeth B. Wiggins, Kenneth L. Thornhill, Edward L. Winstead, Carolyn Jordan, Patricia K. Quinn, Timothy S. Bates, Jack Porter, Thomas G. Bell, Eric S. Saltzman, Michael J. Behrenfeld, and Richard H. Moore
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 831–851, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-831-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-831-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Models describing atmospheric airflow were combined with satellite measurements representative of marine phytoplankton and other meteorological variables. These combined variables were compared to measured aerosol to identify upwind influences on aerosol concentrations. Results indicate that phytoplankton production rates upwind impact the aerosol mass. Also, results suggest that the condensation of mass onto short-lived large sea spray particles may be a significant sink of aerosol mass.
Ifayoyinsola Ibikunle, Andreas Beyersdorf, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Chelsea Corr, John D. Crounse, Jack Dibb, Glenn Diskin, Greg Huey, Jose-Luis Jimenez, Michelle J. Kim, Benjamin A. Nault, Eric Scheuer, Alex Teng, Paul O. Wennberg, Bruce Anderson, James Crawford, Rodney Weber, and Athanasios Nenes
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-501, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-501, 2020
Revised manuscript has not been submitted
Short summary
Short summary
Analysis of observations over South Korea during the NASA/NIER
KORUS-AQ field campaign show that aerosol is fairly acidic (mean pH 2.43 ± 0.68). Aerosol formation is always sensitive to HNO3 levels, especially in highly polluted regions, while it is only exclusively sensitive to NH3 in some rural/remote regions. Nitrate levels accumulate because dry deposition velocity is low. HNO3 reductions achieved by NOx controls can be the most effective PM reduction strategy for all conditions observed.
Pablo E. Saide, Meng Gao, Zifeng Lu, Daniel L. Goldberg, David G. Streets, Jung-Hun Woo, Andreas Beyersdorf, Chelsea A. Corr, Kenneth L. Thornhill, Bruce Anderson, Johnathan W. Hair, Amin R. Nehrir, Glenn S. Diskin, Jose L. Jimenez, Benjamin A. Nault, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Jack Dibb, Eric Heim, Kara D. Lamb, Joshua P. Schwarz, Anne E. Perring, Jhoon Kim, Myungje Choi, Brent Holben, Gabriele Pfister, Alma Hodzic, Gregory R. Carmichael, Louisa Emmons, and James H. Crawford
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 6455–6478, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-6455-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-6455-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Air quality forecasts over the Korean Peninsula captured aerosol optical depth but largely overpredicted surface PM during a Chinese haze transport event. Model deficiency was related to the calculation of optical properties. In order to improve it, aerosol size representation needs to be refined in the calculations, and the representation of aerosol properties, such as size distribution, chemical composition, refractive index, hygroscopicity parameter, and density, needs to be improved.
Erika Brattich, Encarnación Serrano Castillo, Fabrizio Giulietti, Jean-Baptiste Renard, Sachi N. Tripathi, Kunal Ghosh, Gwenael Berthet, Damien Vignelles, and Laura Tositti
Ann. Geophys., 37, 389–403, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-37-389-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-37-389-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This paper describes the aerosol measurement setup and results obtained from the BEXUS18 stratospheric balloon within the A5-Unib (Advanced Atmospheric Aerosol Acquisition and Analysis) experiment performed on 10 October 2014 in northern Sweden (Kiruna). The experiment and the results here presented broaden the understanding of the processes linking the presence of charges with particles all over the vertical heights from the ground to the stratosphere.
Elena Spinei, Andrew Whitehill, Alan Fried, Martin Tiefengraber, Travis N. Knepp, Scott Herndon, Jay R. Herman, Moritz Müller, Nader Abuhassan, Alexander Cede, Dirk Richter, James Walega, James Crawford, James Szykman, Lukas Valin, David J. Williams, Russell Long, Robert J. Swap, Youngjae Lee, Nabil Nowak, and Brett Poche
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 11, 4943–4961, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-4943-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-4943-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Formaldehyde is toxic to humans and is formed in the atmosphere in the presence of air pollution, but the measurements are sparse. Pandonia Global Network instruments measure total formaldehyde column from the surface to the top of troposphere and will be widely available. This study compared formaldehyde Pandora columns with the surface and aircraft-integrated columns near Seoul, South Korea. Relatively good agreement was observed between the three datasets with some overestimation by Pandora.
William Neff, Jim Crawford, Marty Buhr, John Nicovich, Gao Chen, and Douglas Davis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 3755–3778, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-3755-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-3755-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Our study examined the effect of the seasonal cycle in meteorology from November through December and the role of stratospheric ozone depletion in the photochemical production of nitrogen oxide (NO) from nitrate in the snow at the South Pole. We found that ozone depletion which now extends into late November–early December coincides with optimum meteorological conditions (clear skies, a stable shallow boundary layer, and light winds) for high concentrations of NO to accumulate at the surface.
Brent N. Holben, Jhoon Kim, Itaru Sano, Sonoyo Mukai, Thomas F. Eck, David M. Giles, Joel S. Schafer, Aliaksandr Sinyuk, Ilya Slutsker, Alexander Smirnov, Mikhail Sorokin, Bruce E. Anderson, Huizheng Che, Myungje Choi, James H. Crawford, Richard A. Ferrare, Michael J. Garay, Ukkyo Jeong, Mijin Kim, Woogyung Kim, Nichola Knox, Zhengqiang Li, Hwee S. Lim, Yang Liu, Hal Maring, Makiko Nakata, Kenneth E. Pickering, Stuart Piketh, Jens Redemann, Jeffrey S. Reid, Santo Salinas, Sora Seo, Fuyi Tan, Sachchida N. Tripathi, Owen B. Toon, and Qingyang Xiao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 655–671, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-655-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-655-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol particles, such as smoke, vary over space and time. This paper describes a series of very high-resolution ground-based aerosol measurement networks and associated studies that contributed new understanding of aerosol processes and detailed comparisons to satellite aerosol validation. Significantly, these networks also provide an opportunity to statistically relate grab samples of an aerosol parameter to companion satellite observations, a step toward air quality assessment from space.
Min Huang, Gregory R. Carmichael, James H. Crawford, Armin Wisthaler, Xiwu Zhan, Christopher R. Hain, Pius Lee, and Alex B. Guenther
Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 3085–3104, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-3085-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-3085-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Various sensitivity simulations during two airborne campaigns were performed to assess the impact of different initialization methods and model resolutions on NUWRF-modeled weather states, heat fluxes, and the follow-on MEGAN isoprene emission calculations. Proper land initialization is shown to be important to the coupled weather modeling and the follow-on emission modeling, which is also critical to accurately representing other processes in air quality modeling and data assimilation.
Hyun-Deok Choi, Hongyu Liu, James H. Crawford, David B. Considine, Dale J. Allen, Bryan N. Duncan, Larry W. Horowitz, Jose M. Rodriguez, Susan E. Strahan, Lin Zhang, Xiong Liu, Megan R. Damon, and Stephen D. Steenrod
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 8429–8452, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8429-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8429-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We evaluate global ozone–carbon monoxide (O3–CO) correlations in a chemistry and transport model during July–August with TES-Aura satellite observations and examine the sensitivity of model simulations to input meteorological data and emissions. Results show that O3–CO correlations may be used effectively to constrain the sources of regional tropospheric O3 in global 3-D models, especially for those regions where convective transport of pollution plays an important role.
Gina M. Mazzuca, Xinrong Ren, Christopher P. Loughner, Mark Estes, James H. Crawford, Kenneth E. Pickering, Andrew J. Weinheimer, and Russell R. Dickerson
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 14463–14474, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-14463-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-14463-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We used a box model to study the sensitivity of ozone production by different precursors within the Houston metro area during NASA's DISCOVER-AQ air quality field mission in 2013. We constrained the box model to observations from the campaign and to a 3-D model for species that were not measured. By focusing our analysis on different locations and times of day within the metro area, we were able to suggest which ozone precursors, if controlled, would have the greatest impact on ozone reduction.
Davide Putero, Paolo Cristofanelli, Michael Sprenger, Bojan Škerlak, Laura Tositti, and Paolo Bonasoni
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 14203–14217, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-14203-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-14203-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The aim of this paper is to present STEFLUX, a tool to obtain a fast-computing identification of the stratospheric intrusion (SI) events occurring at a specific location and during a specified time window. STEFLUX results are compared to the SI observations at two high-mountain WMO/GAW global stations in Nepal and Italy, representative of two hot spots for climate change. Furthermore, the climatology of SI at the two stations is assessed, and the impact of several climate factors investigated.
Hongyu Liu, David B. Considine, Larry W. Horowitz, James H. Crawford, Jose M. Rodriguez, Susan E. Strahan, Megan R. Damon, Stephen D. Steenrod, Xiaojing Xu, Jules Kouatchou, Claire Carouge, and Robert M. Yantosca
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 4641–4659, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-4641-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-4641-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We assess the utility of cosmogenic beryllium-7, a natural aerosol tracer, for evaluating cross-tropopause transport in global models. We show that model excessive cross-tropopause transport of beryllium-7 corresponds to overestimated stratospheric contribution to tropospheric ozone. We conclude that the observational constraints for beryllium-7 and observed beryllium-7 total deposition fluxes can be used routinely as a first-order assessment of cross-tropopause transport in global models.
Markus Müller, Bruce E. Anderson, Andreas J. Beyersdorf, James H. Crawford, Glenn S. Diskin, Philipp Eichler, Alan Fried, Frank N. Keutsch, Tomas Mikoviny, Kenneth L. Thornhill, James G. Walega, Andrew J. Weinheimer, Melissa Yang, Robert J. Yokelson, and Armin Wisthaler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 3813–3824, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-3813-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-3813-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric emissions from small forest fires and their impact on regional air quality are still poorly characterized. We used an instrumented NASA P-3B aircraft to study emissions from a small forest understory fire in Georgia (USA) and to investigate chemical transformations in the fire plume in the 1 h downwind region. A state-of-the-art chemical model was able to accurately simulate key chemical processes in the aging plume.
S. E. Pusede, K. C. Duffey, A. A. Shusterman, A. Saleh, J. L. Laughner, P. J. Wooldridge, Q. Zhang, C. L. Parworth, H. Kim, S. L. Capps, L. C. Valin, C. D. Cappa, A. Fried, J. Walega, J. B. Nowak, A. J. Weinheimer, R. M. Hoff, T. A. Berkoff, A. J. Beyersdorf, J. Olson, J. H. Crawford, and R. C. Cohen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 2575–2596, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-2575-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-2575-2016, 2016
A. J. Beyersdorf, L. D. Ziemba, G. Chen, C. A. Corr, J. H. Crawford, G. S. Diskin, R. H. Moore, K. L. Thornhill, E. L. Winstead, and B. E. Anderson
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 1003–1015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1003-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1003-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Airborne measurements in Baltimore-Washington, DC allow for an understanding of the relationship between aerosol extinction which can be measured by satellites and aerosol mass used for air quality monitoring. Extinction was found to be driven to first order by aerosol loadings; however, humidity-driven aerosol hydration plays an important secondary role. Spatial and diurnal variability in aerosol composition were small, but day-to-day variability in aerosol hygroscopicity must be accounted for.
J. Huang, H. Liu, J. H. Crawford, C. Chan, D. B. Considine, Y. Zhang, X. Zheng, C. Zhao, V. Thouret, S. J. Oltmans, S. C. Liu, D. B. A. Jones, S. D. Steenrod, and M. R. Damon
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 5161–5179, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-5161-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-5161-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
High ozone concentrations (up to 94.7ppbv) were frequently observed at an altitude of ~1.5--2km over Beijing during April--May 2005. Ozone due to Asian anthropogenic pollution made major contributions to the observed ozone enhancements. These enhancements typically occurred under southerly wind and warmer conditions. An earlier onset of the Asian summer monsoon would cause more ozone enhancement events in the lower troposphere over the North China Plain in late spring and early summer.
Related subject area
Subject: Aerosols | Research Activity: Atmospheric Modelling | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Physics (physical properties and processes)
Hyperfine-resolution mapping of on-road vehicle emissions with comprehensive traffic monitoring and an intelligent transportation system
Less atmospheric radiative heating by dust due to the synergy of coarser size and aspherical shape
Air quality deterioration episode associated with a typhoon over the complex topographic environment in central Taiwan
Impact of modified turbulent diffusion of PM2.5 aerosol in WRF-Chem simulations in eastern China
What rainfall rates are most important to wet removal of different aerosol types?
A weather regime characterisation of winter biomass aerosol transport from southern Africa
15-year variability of desert dust optical depth on global and regional scales
Dipole pattern of summer ozone pollution in the east of China and its connection with climate variability
Aerosol absorption in global models from AeroCom phase III
A black carbon peak and its sources in the free troposphere of Beijing induced by cyclone lifting and transport from central China
Competing effects of aerosol reductions and circulation changes for future improvements in Beijing haze
Understanding the surface temperature response and its uncertainty to CO2, CH4, black carbon, and sulfate
Surface deposition of marine fog and its treatment in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model
Assessing the potential efficacy of marine cloud brightening for cooling Earth using a simple heuristic model
Aerosol effects on electrification and lightning discharges in a multicell thunderstorm simulated by the WRF-ELEC model
The response of the Amazon ecosystem to the photosynthetically active radiation fields: integrating impacts of biomass burning aerosol and clouds in the NASA GEOS Earth system model
“Warm cover”: precursory strong signals for haze pollution hidden in the middle troposphere
The MAPM (Mapping Air Pollution eMissions) method for inferring particulate matter emissions maps at city scale from in situ concentration measurements: description and demonstration of capability
Characteristics of surface energy balance and atmospheric circulation during hot-and-polluted episodes and their synergistic relationships with urban heat islands over the Pearl River Delta region
Influence of sea salt aerosols on the development of Mediterranean tropical-like cyclones
Quantification of uncertainties in the assessment of an atmospheric release source applied to the autumn 2017 106Ru event
Forecasting and identifying the meteorological and hydrological conditions favoring the occurrence of severe hazes in Beijing and Shanghai using deep learning
Improving prediction of trans-boundary biomass burning plume dispersion: from northern peninsular Southeast Asia to downwind western North Pacific Ocean
Constant Flux Layers with Gravitational Settling: with links to aerosols, fog and deposition velocities over water
Decadal changes of connections among late-spring snow cover in West Siberia, summer Eurasia teleconnection and O3-related meteorology in North China
Better representation of dust can improve climate models with too weak an African monsoon
Reduced light absorption of black carbon (BC) and its influence on BC-boundary-layer interactions during “APEC Blue”
The role of anthropogenic aerosols in the anomalous cooling from 1960 to 1990 in the CMIP6 Earth System Models
Effects of oligomerization and decomposition to the nanoparticle growth, a model study
Present and future aerosol impacts on Arctic climate change in the GISS-E2.1 Earth system model
Evaluation of natural aerosols in CRESCENDO Earth system models (ESMs): mineral dust
On the contribution of fast and slow responses to precipitation changes caused by aerosol perturbations
Exploring the uncertainties in the aviation soot-cirrus effect
Global–regional nested simulation of particle number concentration by combing microphysical processes with an evolving organic aerosol module
Molecular scale description of interfacial mass transfer in phase separated aqueous secondary organic aerosol
Elevated 3D structures of PM2.5 and impact of complex terrain-forcing circulations on heavy haze pollution over Sichuan Basin, China
Assimilating spaceborne lidar dust extinction improves dust forecasts
Modelling the size distribution of aggregated volcanic ash and implications for operational atmospheric dispersion modelling
Improved representation of the global dust cycle using observational constraints on dust properties and abundance
Contribution of the world's main dust source regions to the global cycle of desert dust
Effect of volcanic emissions on clouds during the 2008 and 2018 Kilauea degassing events
Wintertime direct radiative effects due to black carbon (BC) over the Indo-Gangetic Plain as modelled with new BC emission inventories in CHIMERE
Future changes in Beijing haze events under different anthropogenic aerosol emission scenarios
Present-day radiative effect from radiation-absorbing aerosols in snow
Seasonal variation in atmospheric pollutants transport in central Chile: dynamics and consequences
Non-equilibrium interplay between gas–particle partitioning and multiphase chemical reactions of semi-volatile compounds: mechanistic insights and practical implications for atmospheric modeling of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Aerosol acidity and liquid water content regulate the dry deposition of inorganic reactive nitrogen
Enhanced light absorption and reduced snow albedo due to internally mixed mineral dust in grains of snow
Coral-reef-derived dimethyl sulfide and the climatic impact of the loss of coral reefs
How Asian aerosols impact regional surface temperatures across the globe
Linhui Jiang, Yan Xia, Lu Wang, Xue Chen, Jianjie Ye, Tangyan Hou, Liqiang Wang, Yibo Zhang, Mengying Li, Zhen Li, Zhe Song, Yaping Jiang, Weiping Liu, Pengfei Li, Daniel Rosenfeld, John H. Seinfeld, and Shaocai Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16985–17002, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16985-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16985-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This paper establishes a bottom-up approach to reveal a unique pattern of urban on-road vehicle emissions at a spatial resolution 1–3 orders of magnitude higher than current inventories. The results show that the hourly average on-road vehicle emissions of CO, NOx, HC, and PM2.5 are 74 kg, 40 kg, 8 kg, and 2 kg, respectively. Integrating our traffic-monitoring-based approach with urban measurements, we could address major data gaps between urban air pollutant emissions and concentrations.
Akinori Ito, Adeyemi A. Adebiyi, Yue Huang, and Jasper F. Kok
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16869–16891, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16869-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16869-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We improve the simulated dust properties of size-resolved dust concentration and particle shape. The improved simulation suggests much less atmospheric radiative heating near the major source regions, because of enhanced longwave warming at the surface by the synergy of coarser size and aspherical shape. Less intensified atmospheric heating could substantially modify the vertical temperature profile in Earth system models and thus has important implications for the projection of dust feedback.
Chuan-Yao Lin, Yang-Fan Sheng, Wan-Chin Chen, Charles C. K. Chou, Yi-Yun Chien, and Wen-Mei Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16893–16910, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16893-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16893-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Taiwan and Hong Kong experience air quality deterioration as typhoons approach. However, the mechanism of the formation of poor air quality may differ and still not be well documented in Taiwan. The interaction between easterly typhoon circulation and Taiwan’s Central Mountain Range resulted in a lee side vortex formation. Simulation results indicated that the lee vortex and land–sea breeze, as well as the boundary layer development, were the key mechanisms.
Wenxing Jia and Xiaoye Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16827–16841, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16827-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16827-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Heavy aerosol pollution incidents have attracted much attention since 2013, but the temporal and spatial limitations of observations and the inaccuracy of simulation are a stumbling block to assessing pollution mechanisms. The correct simulation of boundary layer mixing process of pollutant is a challenge for mesoscale numerical models. We add the turbulent diffusion term of aerosol to the WRF-Chem model to prove the impact of turbulent diffusion on pollutant concentration.
Yong Wang, Wenwen Xia, and Guang J. Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16797–16816, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16797-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16797-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study developed a novel approach to detect what rainfall rates climatologically are most efficient for wet removal of different aerosol types and applied it to a global climate model (GCM). Results show that light rain has disproportionate control on aerosol wet scavenging, with distinct rain rates for different aerosol sizes. The approach can be applied to other GCMs to better understand the aerosol wet scavenging by rainfall, which is important to better simulate aerosols.
Marco Gaetani, Benjamin Pohl, Maria del Carmen Alvarez Castro, Cyrille Flamant, and Paola Formenti
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16575–16591, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16575-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16575-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
During the dry austral winter, biomass fires in tropical Africa emit large amounts of smoke in the atmosphere, with large impacts on climate and air quality. The study of the relationship between atmospheric circulation and smoke transport shows that midlatitude atmospheric disturbances may deflect the smoke from tropical Africa towards southern Africa. Understanding the distribution of the smoke in the region is crucial for climate modelling and air quality monitoring.
Stavros-Andreas Logothetis, Vasileios Salamalikis, Antonis Gkikas, Stelios Kazadzis, Vassilis Amiridis, and Andreas Kazantzidis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16499–16529, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16499-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16499-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates the temporal trends of dust optical depth (DOD; 550 nm) on global, regional and seasonal scales over a 15-year period (2003–2017) using the MIDAS (ModIs Dust AeroSol) dataset. The findings of this study revealed that the DOD was increased across the central Sahara and the Arabian Peninsula, with opposite trends over the eastern and western Sahara, the Thar and Gobi deserts, in the Bodélé Depression, and in the southern Mediterranean.
Xiaoqing Ma and Zhicong Yin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16349–16361, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16349-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16349-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Severe ozone pollution frequently occurred in the east of China and obviously damages human health. The meteorological conditions effectively affect the variations in ozone pollution by modulating the natural emissions of ozone precursors and photochemical reactions in the atmosphere. In this study, a south–north dipole pattern of summer-mean ozone concentration in the east of China was identified, and its connections with preceding climate variability at different latitudes were also examined.
Maria Sand, Bjørn H. Samset, Gunnar Myhre, Jonas Gliß, Susanne E. Bauer, Huisheng Bian, Mian Chin, Ramiro Checa-Garcia, Paul Ginoux, Zak Kipling, Alf Kirkevåg, Harri Kokkola, Philippe Le Sager, Marianne T. Lund, Hitoshi Matsui, Twan van Noije, Dirk J. L. Olivié, Samuel Remy, Michael Schulz, Philip Stier, Camilla W. Stjern, Toshihiko Takemura, Kostas Tsigaridis, Svetlana G. Tsyro, and Duncan Watson-Parris
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 15929–15947, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-15929-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-15929-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Absorption of shortwave radiation by aerosols can modify precipitation and clouds but is poorly constrained in models. A total of 15 different aerosol models from AeroCom phase III have reported total aerosol absorption, and for the first time, 11 of these models have reported in a consistent experiment the contributions to absorption from black carbon, dust, and organic aerosol. Here, we document the model diversity in aerosol absorption.
Zhenbin Wang, Bin Zhu, Hanqing Kang, Wen Lu, Shuqi Yan, Delong Zhao, Weihang Zhang, and Jinhui Gao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 15555–15567, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-15555-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-15555-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper, by using WRF-Chem with a black carbon (BC) tagging technique, we investigate the formation mechanism and regional sources of a BC peak in the free troposphere observed by aircraft flights. Local sources dominated BC from the surface to about 700 m (78.5 %), while the BC peak in the free troposphere was almost entirely imported from external sources (99.8 %). Our results indicate that cyclone systems can quickly lift BC up to the free troposphere, as well as extend its lifetime.
Liang Guo, Laura J. Wilcox, Massimo Bollasina, Steven T. Turnock, Marianne T. Lund, and Lixia Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 15299–15308, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-15299-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-15299-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Severe haze remains serious over Beijing despite emissions decreasing since 2008. Future haze changes in four scenarios are studied. The pattern conducive to haze weather increases with the atmospheric warming caused by the accumulation of greenhouse gases. However, the actual haze intensity, measured by either PM2.5 or optical depth, decreases with aerosol emissions. We show that only using the weather pattern index to predict the future change of Beijing haze is insufficient.
Kalle Nordling, Hannele Korhonen, Jouni Räisänen, Antti-Ilari Partanen, Bjørn H. Samset, and Joonas Merikanto
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 14941–14958, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14941-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14941-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding the temperature responses to different climate forcing agents, such as greenhouse gases and aerosols, is crucial for understanding future regional climate changes. In climate models, the regional temperature responses vary for all forcing agents, but the causes of this variability are poorly understood. For all forcing agents, the main component contributing to variance in regional surface temperature responses between the climate models is the clear-sky longwave emissivity.
Peter A. Taylor, Zheqi Chen, Li Cheng, Soudeh Afsharian, Wensong Weng, George A. Isaac, Terry W. Bullock, and Yongsheng Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 14687–14702, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14687-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14687-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In marine fog, droplets will impact the water surface, collide and coalesce. This removal process is underestimated or ignored in many fog and weather forecast models. A new atmospheric boundary layer approach is proposed and tested in a standard weather forecast model (Weather Research and Forecasting, WRF). New profile measurements through marine fog layers are suggested.
Robert Wood
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 14507–14533, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14507-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14507-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A simple model is described to assess the potential for increasing solar reflection by augmenting the aerosol population below marine low clouds, which increases the concentration of cloud droplets. The model is used to predict global cooling from marine cloud brightening climate intervention as a function of the quantity, size, and lifetime of salt particles injected per sprayer, the number of sprayers deployed, the cloud updraft speed, and unperturbed aerosol size distribution.
Mengyu Sun, Dongxia Liu, Xiushu Qie, Edward R. Mansell, Yoav Yair, Alexandre O. Fierro, Shanfeng Yuan, Zhixiong Chen, and Dongfang Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 14141–14158, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14141-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14141-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
By acting as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), increasing aerosol loading tends to enhance lightning activity through microphysical processes. We investigated the aerosol effects on the development of a thunderstorm. A two-moment bulk microphysics scheme and bulk lightning model were coupled in the WRF Model to simulate a multicell thunderstorm. Sensitivity experiments show that the enhancement of lightning activity under polluted conditions results from an increasing ice crystal number.
Huisheng Bian, Eunjee Lee, Randal D. Koster, Donifan Barahona, Mian Chin, Peter R. Colarco, Anton Darmenov, Sarith Mahanama, Michael Manyin, Peter Norris, John Shilling, Hongbin Yu, and Fanwei Zeng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 14177–14197, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14177-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14177-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The study using the NASA Earth system model shows ~2.6 % increase in burning season gross primary production and ~1.5 % increase in annual net primary production across the Amazon Basin during 2010–2016 due to the change in surface downward direct and diffuse photosynthetically active radiation by biomass burning aerosols. Such an aerosol effect is strongly dependent on the presence of clouds. The cloud fraction at which aerosols switch from stimulating to inhibiting plant growth occurs at ~0.8.
Xiangde Xu, Wenyue Cai, Tianliang Zhao, Xinfa Qiu, Wenhui Zhu, Chan Sun, Peng Yan, Chunzhu Wang, and Fei Ge
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 14131–14139, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14131-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14131-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We found that the structure of atmospheric thermodynamics in the troposphere can be regarded as a strong forewarning signal for variations of surface PM2.5 concentration in heavy air pollution.
Brian Nathan, Stefanie Kremser, Sara Mikaloff-Fletcher, Greg Bodeker, Leroy Bird, Ethan Dale, Dongqi Lin, Gustavo Olivares, and Elizabeth Somervell
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 14089–14108, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14089-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14089-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The MAPM project showcases a method to improve estimates of PM2.5 emissions through an advanced statistical technique that is still new to the aerosol community. Using Christchurch, NZ, as a test bed, measurements from a field campaign in winter 2019 are incorporated into this new approach. An overestimation from local inventory estimates is identified. This technique may be exported to other urban areas in need.
Ifeanyichukwu C. Nduka, Chi-Yung Tam, Jianping Guo, and Steve Hung Lam Yim
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 13443–13454, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13443-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13443-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study analyzed the nature, mechanisms and drivers for hot-and-polluted episodes (HPEs) in the Pearl River Delta, China. A total of eight HPEs were identified and can be grouped into three clusters of HPEs that were respectively driven (1) by weak subsidence and convection induced by approaching tropical cyclones, (2) by calm conditions with low wind speed in the lower atmosphere and (3) by the combination of both aforementioned conditions.
Enrique Pravia-Sarabia, Juan José Gómez-Navarro, Pedro Jiménez-Guerrero, and Juan Pedro Montávez
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 13353–13368, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13353-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13353-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Given the hazardous nature of medicanes, studies focused on understanding and quantifying the processes governing their formation have become paramount for present and future disaster risk reduction. Therefore, enhancing the modeling and forecasting capabilities of such events is of crucial importance. In this sense, the authors find that the microphysical processes, and specifically the wind--sea salt aerosol feedback, play a key role in their development and thus should not be neglected.
Joffrey Dumont Le Brazidec, Marc Bocquet, Olivier Saunier, and Yelva Roustan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 13247–13267, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13247-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13247-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The assessment of the environmental consequences of a radionuclide release depends on the estimation of its source. This paper aims to develop inverse Bayesian methods which combine transport models with measurements, in order to reconstruct the ensemble of possible sources.
Three methods to quantify uncertainties based on the definition of probability distributions and the physical models are proposed and evaluated for the case of 106Ru releases over Europe in 2017.
Chien Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 13149–13166, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13149-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13149-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Haze caused by abundant atmospheric aerosols has become a serious environmental issue in many countries. An innovative deep-learning machine has been developed to forecast the occurrence of hazes in two Asian megacities (Beijing and Shanghai) and has achieved good overall accuracy. Using this machine, typical regional meteorological and hydrological regimes associated with haze and non-haze events in the two cities have also been, arguably for the first time, successfully categorized.
Maggie Chel-Gee Ooi, Ming-Tung Chuang, Joshua S. Fu, Steven S. Kong, Wei-Syun Huang, Sheng-Hsiang Wang, Sittichai Pimonsree, Andy Chan, Shantanu Kumar Pani, and Neng-Huei Lin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 12521–12541, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12521-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12521-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
There is very limited local modeling effort in Southeast Asia, where haze is an annually recurring threat. In this work, the accuracy of haze prediction is improved not only at the burning source but also at the downwind site in northern Southeast Asia to highlight the influence of trans-boundary haze, which is often regional. The burning haze is carried to the populated west of Taiwan via several mechanisms, with the most severe conditions related to the boreal winter pressure system.
Peter Allan Taylor
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-594, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-594, 2021
Revised manuscript accepted for ACP
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric aerosols including fog droplets can deposit on the ground or on water surfaces. This is due to both gravitational settling and turbulent impaction. A simple model of this combined process is developed based on conventional atmospheric boundary later ideas.
Zhicong Yin, Yu Wan, and Huijun Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 11519–11530, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11519-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11519-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Severe ozone pollution frequently occurred in North China and obviously damages human health and ecosystems. The meteorological conditions effectively affect the variations in ozone pollution by modulating the natural emissions of O3 precursors and photochemical reactions in the atmosphere. In this study, the interannual relationship between ozone-related meteorology and late-spring snow cover in West Siberia was explored, and the reasons of its decadal change were also physically explained.
Yves Balkanski, Rémy Bonnet, Olivier Boucher, Ramiro Checa-Garcia, and Jérôme Servonnat
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 11423–11435, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11423-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11423-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Earth system models have persistent biases that impinge on our ability to make robust future regional predictions of precipitation. For the last 15 years, there has been little improvement in these biases. This work presents an accurate representation of dust absorption based upon observed dust mineralogical composition and size distribution. The striking result is that this more accurate representation improves tropical precipitations for climate models with too weak an African monsoon.
Meng Gao, Yang Yang, Hong Liao, Bin Zhu, Yuxuan Zhang, Zirui Liu, Xiao Lu, Chen Wang, Qiming Zhou, Yuesi Wang, Qiang Zhang, Gregory R. Carmichael, and Jianlin Hu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 11405–11421, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11405-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11405-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Light absorption and radiative forcing of black carbon (BC) is influenced by both BC itself and its interactions with other aerosol chemical compositions. In this study, we used the online coupled WRF-Chem model to examine how emission control measures during the Asian-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) conference affect the mixing state and light absorption of BC and the associated implications for BC-PBL interactions.
Jie Zhang, Kalli Furtado, Steven T. Turnock, Jane P. Mulcahy, Laura J. Wilcox, Ben B. Booth, David Sexton, Tongwen Wu, Fang Zhang, and Qianxia Liu
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-570, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-570, 2021
Revised manuscript accepted for ACP
Short summary
Short summary
The CMIP6 ESMs systematically underestimate TAS anomalies in the NH midlatitudes, especially from 1960 to 1990. The anomalous cooling is concurrent in time and space with anthropogenic SO2 emissions. The overestimated aerosol concentrations and aerosol-forcing-sensitivity (AFS) are responsible for the spurious drop in TAS. Considering the crucial role of cloud properties on the inter-model spread in AFS, the aerosol-cloud interactions should be a focus in development of aerosol schemes.
Arto Heitto, Kari Lehtinen, Tuukka Petäjä, Felipe Lopez-Hilfiker, Joel A. Thornton, Markku Kulmala, and Taina Yli-Juuti
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-571, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-571, 2021
Revised manuscript accepted for ACP
Short summary
Short summary
When organic molecules condense on atmospheric nano-sized particles, they can combine forming larger molecules (oligomerization) or fragment to smaller molecules (decomposition). We investigated the effects of these reactions with particle growth model MODNAG and found out that they have potential to significantly affect the growth of atmospheric aerosol particles. These reactions are often excluded from growth models and it is important to increase our understanding of them.
Ulas Im, Kostas Tsigaridis, Gregory Faluvegi, Peter L. Langen, Joshua P. French, Rashed Mahmood, Manu A. Thomas, Knut von Salzen, Daniel C. Thomas, Cynthia H. Whaley, Zbigniew Klimont, Henrik Skov, and Jørgen Brandt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 10413–10438, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10413-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10413-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Future (2015–2050) simulations of the aerosol burdens and their radiative forcing and climate impacts over the Arctic under various emission projections show that although the Arctic aerosol burdens are projected to decrease significantly by 10 to 60 %, regardless of the magnitude of aerosol reductions, surface air temperatures will continue to increase by 1.9–2.6 ℃, while sea-ice extent will continue to decrease, implying reductions of greenhouse gases are necessary to mitigate climate change.
Ramiro Checa-Garcia, Yves Balkanski, Samuel Albani, Tommi Bergman, Ken Carslaw, Anne Cozic, Chris Dearden, Beatrice Marticorena, Martine Michou, Twan van Noije, Pierre Nabat, Fiona M. O'Connor, Dirk Olivié, Joseph M. Prospero, Philippe Le Sager, Michael Schulz, and Catherine Scott
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 10295–10335, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10295-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10295-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Thousands of tons of dust are emitted into the atmosphere every year, producing important impacts on the Earth system. However, current global climate models are not yet able to reproduce dust emissions, transport and depositions with the desirable accuracy. Our study analyses five different Earth system models to report aspects to be improved to reproduce better available observations, increase the consistency between models and therefore decrease the current uncertainties.
Shipeng Zhang, Philip Stier, and Duncan Watson-Parris
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 10179–10197, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10179-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10179-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The relationship between aerosol-induced changes in atmospheric energetics and precipitation responses across different scales is studied in terms of fast (radiatively or microphysically mediated) and slow (temperature-mediated) responses. We introduced a method to decompose rainfall changes into contributions from clouds, aerosols, and clear–clean sky from an energetic perspective. It provides a way to better interpret and quantify the precipitation changes caused by aerosol perturbations.
Mattia Righi, Johannes Hendricks, and Christof Gerhard Beer
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-329, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-329, 2021
Revised manuscript accepted for ACP
Short summary
Short summary
A global climate model is applied to simulate the impact of aviation soot on natural cirrus clouds. A large number of numerical experiments is performed to analyse how the quantification of the resulting climate impact is affected by known uncertainties. These concern the ability of aviation soot to nucleate ice and the role of model dynamics. Our results show that both aspects are important for the quantification of this effect and that discrepancies among different model studies still exist.
Xueshun Chen, Fangqun Yu, Wenyi Yang, Yele Sun, Huansheng Chen, Wei Du, Jian Zhao, Ying Wei, Lianfang Wei, Huiyun Du, Zhe Wang, Qizhong Wu, Jie Li, Junling An, and Zifa Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 9343–9366, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9343-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9343-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric aerosol particles have significant climate and health effects that depend on aerosol size, composition, and mixing state. A new global-regional nested aerosol model with an advanced particle microphysics module and a volatility basis set organic aerosol module was developed to simulate aerosol microphysical processes. Simulations strongly suggest the important role of anthropogenic organic species in particle formation over the areas influenced by anthropogenic sources.
Mária Lbadaoui-Darvas, Satoshi Takahama, and Athanasios Nenes
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-488, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-488, 2021
Revised manuscript accepted for ACP
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol-cloud interactions constitute the most uncertain contribution to climate change. The uptake kinetics of water by aerosol is a central process of cloud droplet formation, yet its molecular scale mechanism is unknown. We use molecular simulations to study this process for phase-separated organic particles. Our results explain the increased cloud condensation activity of such particles and can be generalised over various compositions, thus may serve as a basis for future models.
Zhuozhi Shu, Yubao Liu, Tianliang Zhao, Junrong Xia, Chenggang Wang, Le Cao, Haoliang Wang, Lei Zhang, Yu Zheng, Lijuan Shen, Lei Luo, and Yueqing Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 9253–9268, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9253-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9253-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Focusing on a heavy haze pollution event in the Sichuan Basin (SCB), we investigated the elevated 3D structure of PM2.5 and trans-boundary transport with the WRF-Chem simulation. It is remarkable for vertical PM2.5 that the unique hollows were structured, which which occurred by the interaction of vortex circulations and topographic effects. The SCB was regarded as the major air pollutant source with the trans-boundary transport of PM2.5 affecting atmospheric environment changes.
Jerónimo Escribano, Enza Di Tomaso, Oriol Jorba, Martina Klose, Maria Gonçalves Ageitos, Francesca Macchia, Vassilis Amiridis, Holger Baars, Eleni Marinou, Emmanouil Proestakis, Claudia Urbanneck, Dietrich Althausen, Johannes Bühl, Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-442, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-442, 2021
Revised manuscript accepted for ACP
Short summary
Short summary
We explore the benefits and consistency in adding lidar dust observations in a dust optical depth assimilation. We show that adding lidar data to an dust optical depth assimilation has valuable benefits and the dust analyses improves. We discuss the impact of the narrow satellite footprint of the lidar dust observations in the assimilation.
Frances Beckett, Eduardo Rossi, Benjamin Devenish, Claire Witham, and Costanza Bonadonna
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-254, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-254, 2021
Revised manuscript accepted for ACP
Short summary
Short summary
As volcanic ash is transported through the atmosphere it may collide and stick together to form aggregates. Neglecting the process of aggregation in atmospheric dispersion models could lead to inaccurate forecasts used by civil aviation for hazard assessment. We have developed an aggregation scheme for use with the model NAME, which is used by the London Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre. Using our scheme, we investigate the impact of aggregation on simulations of the Eyjafjallajökull 2010 ash cloud.
Jasper F. Kok, Adeyemi A. Adebiyi, Samuel Albani, Yves Balkanski, Ramiro Checa-Garcia, Mian Chin, Peter R. Colarco, Douglas S. Hamilton, Yue Huang, Akinori Ito, Martina Klose, Danny M. Leung, Longlei Li, Natalie M. Mahowald, Ron L. Miller, Vincenzo Obiso, Carlos Pérez García-Pando, Adriana Rocha-Lima, Jessica S. Wan, and Chloe A. Whicker
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 8127–8167, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8127-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8127-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Desert dust interacts with virtually every component of the Earth system, including the climate system. We develop a new methodology to represent the global dust cycle that integrates observational constraints on the properties and abundance of desert dust with global atmospheric model simulations. We show that the resulting representation of the global dust cycle is more accurate than what can be obtained from a large number of current climate global atmospheric models.
Jasper F. Kok, Adeyemi A. Adebiyi, Samuel Albani, Yves Balkanski, Ramiro Checa-Garcia, Mian Chin, Peter R. Colarco, Douglas S. Hamilton, Yue Huang, Akinori Ito, Martina Klose, Longlei Li, Natalie M. Mahowald, Ron L. Miller, Vincenzo Obiso, Carlos Pérez García-Pando, Adriana Rocha-Lima, and Jessica S. Wan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 8169–8193, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8169-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8169-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The many impacts of dust on the Earth system depend on dust mineralogy, which varies between dust source regions. We constrain the contribution of the world’s main dust source regions by integrating dust observations with global model simulations. We find that Asian dust contributes more and that North African dust contributes less than models account for. We obtain a dataset of each source region’s contribution to the dust cycle that can be used to constrain dust impacts on the Earth system.
Katherine H. Breen, Donifan Barahona, Tianle Yuan, Huisheng Bian, and Scott C. James
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 7749–7771, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7749-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7749-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Increases in atmospheric aerosols affect the scattering and absorption of solar radiation by altering the macrophysical and microphysical processes of clouds. We analyzed aerosol–cloud interactions in response to degassing events from the Kilauea volcano in 2008 and 2018 by comparing satellite and simulated cloud properties. Results showed a threshold response to overcome meteorological effects that is largely controlled by aerosol concentration, composition, plume height, and ENSO state.
Sanhita Ghosh, Shubha Verma, Jayanarayanan Kuttippurath, and Laurent Menut
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 7671–7694, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7671-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7671-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Wintertime direct radiative perturbation due to black carbon (BC) aerosols was assessed over the Indo-Gangetic Plain with an efficiently modelled BC distribution. The atmospheric radiative warming due to BC was about 50–70 % larger than surface cooling. Compared to the atmosphere without BC, for which a net cooling at the top of the atmosphere was exhibited, enhanced atmospheric radiative warming by 2–3 times and a reduction in surface cooling by 10–20 % were found due to BC.
Lixia Zhang, Laura J. Wilcox, Nick J. Dunstone, David J. Paynter, Shuai Hu, Massimo Bollasina, Donghuan Li, Jonathan K. P. Shonk, and Liwei Zou
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 7499–7514, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7499-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7499-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The projected frequency of circulation patterns associated with haze events and global warming increases significantly due to weakening of the East Asian winter monsoon. Rapid reduction in anthropogenic aerosol further increases the frequency of circulation patterns, but haze events are less dangerous. We revealed competing effects of aerosol emission reductions on future haze events through their direct contribution to haze intensity and their influence on the atmospheric circulation patterns.
Paolo Tuccella, Giovanni Pitari, Valentina Colaiuda, Edoardo Raparelli, and Gabriele Curci
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 6875–6893, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6875-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6875-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We calculate the radiation-absorbing aerosol quantity in snow with a global chemical and transport atmospheric model, validated with global observations. The perturbation to snow albedo and related climatic impact are assessed. The resulting average radiative flux change in snow is 0.068 W m−2. Black carbon is a major contributor (+0.033 W m−2), followed by dust (+0.012 W m−2) and brown carbon (+0.0066 W m−2). The impact is also characterized by significant seasonal and geographical variability.
Rémy Lapere, Laurent Menut, Sylvain Mailler, and Nicolás Huneeus
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 6431–6454, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6431-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6431-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Based on modeling, the transport dynamics of ozone and fine particles in central Chile are investigated. Santiago emissions are found to influence air quality along a 1000 km plume as far as Argentina and northern Chile. In turn, emissions outside the metropolis contribute significantly to its recorded particles concentration. Emissions of precursors from Santiago are found to lead to the formation of a persistent ozone bubble in altitude, a phenomenon which is described for the first time.
Jake Wilson, Ulrich Pöschl, Manabu Shiraiwa, and Thomas Berkemeier
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 6175–6198, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6175-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6175-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This work explores the gas–particle partitioning of PAHs on soot with a kinetic model. We show that the equilibration timescale depends on PAH molecular structure, temperature, and particle number concentration. We explore scenarios in which the particulate fraction is perturbed from equilibrium by chemical loss and discuss implications for chemical transport models that assume instantaneous equilibration at each model time step.
Athanasios Nenes, Spyros N. Pandis, Maria Kanakidou, Armistead G. Russell, Shaojie Song, Petros Vasilakos, and Rodney J. Weber
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 6023–6033, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6023-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6023-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Ecosystems and air quality are affected by the dry deposition of inorganic reactive nitrogen (Nr, the sum of ammonium and nitrate). Its large variability is driven by the large difference in deposition velocity of N when in the gas or particle phase. Here we show that aerosol liquid water and acidity, by affecting gas–particle partitioning, modulate the dry deposition velocity of NH3, HNO3, and Nr worldwide. These effects explain the rapid accumulation of nitrate aerosol during haze events.
Tenglong Shi, Jiecan Cui, Yang Chen, Yue Zhou, Wei Pu, Xuanye Xu, Quanliang Chen, Xuelei Zhang, and Xin Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 6035–6051, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6035-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6035-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We assess the effect of dust external and internal mixing with snow grains on the absorption coefficient and albedo of snowpack. The results suggest that dust–snow internal mixing strongly enhances snow absorption coefficient and albedo reduction relative to external mixing. Meanwhile, the possible non-uniform distribution of dust in snow grains may lead to significantly different values of absorption coefficient and albedo of snowpack in the visible spectral range.
Sonya L. Fiddes, Matthew T. Woodhouse, Todd P. Lane, and Robyn Schofield
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 5883–5903, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5883-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5883-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Coral reefs are known to produce the aerosol precursor dimethyl sulfide (DMS). Currently, this source of coral DMS is unaccounted for in climate modelling, and the impact of coral reef extinction on aerosol and climate is unknown. In this study, we address this problem using a coupled chemistry–climate model for the first time. We find that coral reefs make a minimal contribution to the aerosol population and are unlikely to play a role in climate modulation.
Joonas Merikanto, Kalle Nordling, Petri Räisänen, Jouni Räisänen, Declan O'Donnell, Antti-Ilari Partanen, and Hannele Korhonen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 5865–5881, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5865-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5865-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Human-induced aerosols concentrate around their emission sources, yet their climate effects span far and wide. Here, we use two climate models to robustly identify the mechanisms of how Asian anthropogenic aerosols impact temperatures across the globe. A total removal of Asian anthropogenic aerosols increases the global temperatures by 0.26 ± 0.04 °C in the models, with the strongest warming taking place over the Arctic due to increased atmospheric transport of energy towards the high north.
Cited articles
Arimoto, R., Snow, J. A., Graustein, W. C., Moody, J. L., Ray, B. J., Duce, R. A., Turekian, K. K., and Maring, H. B.: Influences of atmospheric transport pathways on radionuclide activities in aerosol particles from over the North Atlantic, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 301–321, 1999.
Balkanski, Y., Jacob, D. J., Gardner, G. M., Graustein, W., and Turekian, K. K.: Transport and residence times of tropospheric aerosols inferred from a global three-dimensional simulation of 210Pb, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 20573–20586, 1993.
Baskaran, M.: Po-210 and Pb-210 as atmospheric tracers and global atmospheric Pb-210 fallout: a review, J. Environ. Radioactiv., 102, 500–513, 2011.
Beer, J., McCracken, K., and von Steiger, R.: Cosmogenic radionuclides, Springer, Heidelberg, Germany, 2012.
Bonasoni, P., Evangelisti, F., Bonafé, U., Feldmann, H., Memmesheimer, M., Stohl, A., and Tositti, L.: Stratosphere-troposphere exchanges: case studies recorded at Mt. Cimone during VOTALP project, Phys. Chem. Earth C, 24, 443–446, 1999.
Bonasoni, P., Evangelisti, F., Bonafé, U., Ravegnani, F., Calzolari, F., Stohl, A., Tositti, L,. Tubertini, O., and Colombo, T.: Stratospheric ozone intrusion episodes recorded at Mt. Cimone during VOTALP project: Case studies, Atmos. Environ., 34, 1355–1365, 2000a.
Bonasoni, P., Stohl, A., Cristofanelli, P., Calzolari, F., Colombo, T., and Evangelisti, F.: Background ozone variations at Mt Cimone station, Atmos. Environ., 34, 5183–5189, 2000b.
Boothe, A. C. and Homeyer, C. R.: Global large-scale stratosphere-troposphere exchange in modern reanalyses, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2016-788, in review, 2016.
Bourcier, L., Masson, O., Laj, P., Pichon, J. M., Paulat, P., Freney, E., and Sellegri, K.: Comparative trends and seasonal variation of 7Be, 210Pb and 137Cs at two altitude sites in the central part of France, J. Environ. Radioactiv., 102, 294–301, 2011.
Brattich, E., Hernandéz-Ceballos, M. A., Cinelli, G., and Tositti, L.: Analysis of peak 210Pb values at Mt. Cimone (1998–2011), Atmos. Environ., 112, 136–147, 2015.
Brattich, E., Hernández-Ceballos, M. A., Orza, J. A. G., Bolívar, J. P., and Tositti, L.: The western Mediterranean basin as an aged aerosols reservoir: Insights from an old-fashioned but efficient radiotracer, Atmos. Environ., 141, 481–493, 2016.
Brattich, E., Orza, J. A. G., and Tositti, L.: Advection patterns at the WMO-GAW station of Mt. Cimone: seasonality, trends, and influence on atmospheric composition, in preparation, 2017.
Brost, R. A., Feichter, J., and Heimann, H.: Three-dimensional simulation of 7Be in a global climate model, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 22423–22445, 1991.
Burlando, M.: The synoptic-scale surface wind climate regimes of the Mediterranean Sea according to the cluster analysis of ERA-40 wind fields, Theor. Appl. Climatol., 96, 69–83, 2009.
Burlando, M., Antonelli, M., and Ratto, C. F.: Mesoscale wind climate analysis: identification of anemological regions and wind regimes, Int. J. Climatol., 28, 629–641, 2008.
Caillet, S., Arpagaus, P., Monna, F., and Dominik, J.: Factors controlling 7Be and 210Pb atmospheric deposition as revealed by sampling individual rain events in the region of Geneva, Switzerland, J. Environ. Radioactiv., 53, 241–256, 2001.
Campins, J., Jansà, A., and Genovés, A.: Three-dimensional structure of western Mediterranean cyclones, Int. J. Climatol., 26, 323–343, 2006.
Cannizzaro, F., Greco, G., Raneli, M., Spitale, M. C., and Tomarchio, E.: Concentration measurements of 7Be at ground level air at Palermo, Italy – comparison with solar activity over a period of 21 years, J. Environ. Radioactiv., 84, 457–467, 2004.
Carvalho, A. C., Reis, M., Silva, L., and Madruga, M. J.: A decade of 7Be and 210Pb activity in surface aerosols measured over the Western Iberian Peninsula, Atmos. Environ., 67, 193–202, 2013.
Ciattaglia, L.: Interpretation of atmospheric CO2 measurements at Mt. Cimone (Italy) related to wind data, J. Geophys. Res., 88, 1331–1338, 1983.
Ciattaglia, L., Cundari, V., and Colombo, T.: Further measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide at Mt. Cimone, Italy, 1979–1985, Tellus B, 39, 13–20, 1987.
Colombo, T., Santaguida, R., Capasso, A., Calzolari, F., Evangelisti, F., and Bonasoni, P.: Biospheric influence on carbon dioxide measurements in Italy, Atmos. Environ., 34, 4963–4969, 2000.
Considine, D. B., Douglass, A. R., Connell, P. S., Kinnison, D. E., and Rotman, D. A.: A polar stratospheric cloud parameterization for the global modeling initiative three-dimensional model and its response to stratospheric aircraft, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 3955–3973, 2000.
Considine, D. B., Connell, P. S., and Logan, J. A.: Simulating ozone in the near tropopause region with a new combined model of the stratosphere and troposphere, in: Quadrennial Ozone Symposium QOS 2004, edited by: Zerefos, C., International Ozone Commission, Kos, Greece, 739–740, 2004.
Considine, D. B., Bergmann, D. J., and Liu, H.: Sensitivity of Global Modeling Initiative chemistry and transport model simulations of radon-222 and lead-210 to input meteorological data, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 3389–3406, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-5-3389-2005, 2005.
Considine, D. B., Logan, J. A., and Olsen, M. A.: Evaluation of near-tropopause ozone distributions in the Global Modeling Initiative combined stratosphere/troposphere model with ozonesonde data, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 2365–2385, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-2365-2008, 2008.
Cristofanelli, P., Bonasoni, P., Collins, W., Feichter, J., Forster, C., James, P., Kentarchos, A., Kubik, P.W., Land, C., Meloen, J., Roelofs, G.J., Siegmund, P., Sprenger, M., Schnabel, C., Stohl, A., Tobler, L., Tositti, L., Trickl, T., and Zanis, P.: Stratosphere-to-troposphere transport: A model and method evaluation, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 8525, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002600, 2003.
Cristofanelli, P., Bonasoni, P., Tositti, L., Bonafé, U., Calzolari, F., Evangelisti, F., Sandrini, S., and Stohl, A.: A 6-year analysis of stratospheric intrusions and their influence on ozone at Mt. Cimone (2165 m above sea level), J. Geophys. Res., 111, D03306, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006553, 2006.
Cristofanelli, P., Bonasoni, P., Carboni, G., Calzolari, F., Casarola, L., Zauli Sajani, S., and Santaguida, R.: Anomalous high ozone concentrations recorded at a high mountain station in Italy in summer 2003, Atmos. Environ., 41, 1383–1394, 2007.
Cristofanelli, P., Calzolari, F., Bonafé, U., Duchi, R., Marinoni, A., Roccato, F., Tositti, L., and Bonasoni P.: Stratospheric intrusion index (SI2) from baseline measurement data, Theor. Appl. Climatol., 97, 317–325, 2009a.
Cristofanelli, P., Marinoni, A., Arduini, J., Bonafè, U., Calzolari, F., Colombo, T., Decesari, S., Duchi, R., Facchini, M. C., Fierli, F., Finessi, E., Maione, M., Chiari, M., Calzolai, G., Messina, P., Orlandi, E., Roccato, F., and Bonasoni, P.: Significant variations of trace gas composition and aerosol properties at Mt. Cimone during air mass transport from North Africa – contributions from wildfire emissions and mineral dust, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 4603–4619, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-4603-2009, 2009b.
Cristofanelli, P., Scheel, H.-E., Steinbacher, M., Saliba, M., Azzopardi, F., Ellul, R., Fröhlich, M., Tositti, L., Brattich, E., Maione, M., Calzolari, F., Duchi, R., Landi, T. C., Marinoni, A., and Bonasoni, P.: Long-term surface ozone variability at Mt. Cimone WMO/GAW global station (2165 m a.s.l., Italy), Atmos. Environ., 101, 23–33, 2015.
Cuevas, E., González, Y., Rodríguez, S., Guerra, J. C., Gómez-Peláez, A. J., Alonso-Pérez, S., Bustos, J., and Milford, C.: Assessment of atmospheric processes driving ozone variations in the subtropical North Atlantic free troposphere, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 1973–1998, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-1973-2013, 2013.
Dafka, S., Xoplaki, E., Toreti, A., Zanis, P., Tyrlis, E., Zerefos, C., and Luterbacher, J.: The Etesians; from observations to reanalysis, Clim. Dynam., 47, 1569–1585, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2920-7, 2016.
Daish, S. R., Dale, A. A., Dale, C. J., May, R., and Rowe, J. E.: The temporal variations of 7Be, 210Pb and 210Po in England, J. Environ. Radioactiv., 84, 457–467, 2005.
Dibb, J. E.: Vertical mixing above Summit, Greenland: insights into seasonal and high frequency variability from the radionuclide tracers 7Be and 210Pb, Atmos. Environ., 41, 5020–5030, 2007.
Dibb, J. E., Talbot, R. W., and Gregory, G. L.: Beryllium 7 and lead 210 in the western hemisphere Arctic atmosphere: Observations from three recent aircraft-based sampling programs, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 16709–16715, 1992.
Dibb, J. E., Meeker, L. D., Finkel, R. C., Southon, J. R., Caffee, M. W., and Barrie, L. A.: Estimation of stratospheric input to the Arctic troposphere: 7Be and 10Be in aerosols at Alert, Canada, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 12855–12864, 1994.
Dueñas, C., Fernández, M. C., Cañete, S., and Pérez, M.: 7Be to 210Pb concentration ratio in ground level air in Málaga (36.7° N, 4.5° W), Atmos. Res., 92, 49–57, 2009.
Dueñas, C., Orza, J. A. G., Cabello, M., Fernández, M. C., Cañete, S., Pérez, M., and Gordo, E.: Air mass origin and its influence on radionuclide activities (7Be and 210Pb) in aerosol particles at a coastal site in the western Mediterranean, Atmos. Res., 101, 205–214, 2011.
Duncan, B. N., Strahan, S. E., Yoshida, Y., Steenrod, S. D., and Livesey, N.: Model study of the cross-tropopause transport of biomass burning pollution, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 3713–3736, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-3713-2007, 2007.
Duncan, B. N., West, J. J., Yoshida, Y., Fiore, A. M., and Ziemke, J. R.: The influence of European pollution on ozone in the Near East and northern Africa, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 2267–2283, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-2267-2008, 2008.
Feely, H. W., Larsen, R. J., and Sanderson, C. G.: Factors that cause seasonal variations in beryllium-7 concentrations in surface air, J. Environ. Radioactiv., 9, 223–249, 1989.
Feichter, J., Brost, R. A., and Heimann, M.: Three-dimensional modeling of the concentration and deposition of 210Pb aerosols, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 22447–22469, 1991.
Fischer, H., Kormann, R., Klüpfel, T., Gurk, Ch., Königstedt, R., Parchatka, U., Mühle, J., Rhee, T. S., Brenninkmeijer, C. A. M., Bonasoni, P., and Stohl, A.: Ozone production and trace gas correlations during the June 2000 MINATROC intensive measurement campaign at Mt. Cimone, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 725–738, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-725-2003, 2003.
Forster, P., Ramaswamy, V., Artaxo, P., Berntsen, T., Betts, R., Fahey, D. W., Haywood, J., Lean, J., Lowe, D. C., Myhre, G., Nganga, J., Prinn, R., Raga, G., Schulz, M., and Van Dorland, R.: Changes in Atmospheric Constituents and in Radiative Forcing, in: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by: Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Chen, Z., Marquis, M., Averyt, K. B., Tignor, M., and Miller, H. L., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, 2007.
Froehlich, K. and Masarik, J.: Radionuclides as tracers and timers of processes in the continental environment – Basic concepts and methodologies, in: Radioactivity in the Environment, 16, Chapter 2, 27–50, Environmental Radionuclides: Tracers and Timers of Terrestrial Processes, Elsevier, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1569-4860(09)01602-7, 2010.
Gaffney, J. S., Marley, N., and Cunningham, M. M.: Natural radionuclides in fine aerosols in the Pittsburgh area, Atmos. Environ., 38, 3191–3200, 2004.
Gäggeler, H. W.: Radioactivity in the atmosphere, Radiochim. Acta, 70–71, 345–353, 1995.
Gerasopoulos, E., Zanis, P., Stohl, A., Zerefos, C. S., Papastefanou, C., Ringer, W., Tobler, L., Hübener, S., Gäggeler, H. W., Kanter, H. J., Tositti, L., and Sandrini, S.: A climatology of 7Be at four high-altitude stations at the Alps and the Northern Apennines, Atmos. Environ., 35, 6347–6360, 2001.
Gerasopoulos, E., Zanis, P., Zerefos, C. S., Papastefanou, C., Ringer, W., Gäggeler, H. W., Tobler, L., and Kanter, H. J.: Factors and processes controlling the concentration of the cosmogenic radionuclide 7Be at high-altitude Alpine stations, in: Radioactivity in the Environment, Vol. 7, 863–870, Elsevier Ltd., https://doi.org/10.1016/S1569-4860(04)07108-6, 2005.
Graustein, W. C. and Turekian, K. K.: Radon fluxes from soils to the atmosphere measured by 210Pb-226Ra disequilibrium in soils, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 841–844, 1990.
Graustein, W. C. and Turekian, K. K.: 7Be and 210Pb indicate an upper troposphere source for elevated ozone in the summertime subtropical free troposphere of the eastern North Atlantic, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 539–542, 1996.
Hötzl, H. and Winkler, R.: Activity concentrations of 226Ra, 228Ra, 210Pb, 40K and 7Be and their temporal variations in surface air, J. Environ. Radioactiv., 5, 445–458, 1987.
Ioannidou, A., Manolopoulou, M., and Papastefanou, C.: Temporal changes of 7Be and 210Pb concentrations in surface air at temperate latitudes (40°), Appl. Radiat. Isotopes, 63, 277–284, 2005.
Ioannidou, A., Vasileiadis, A., and Melas, D.: Time lag between the tropopause height and 7Be activity concentrations in surface air, J. Environ. Radioactiv., 129, 80–85, 2014.
Jacob, D. J. and Prather, M. J.: Radon-222 as a test of boundary layer convection in a general circulation model, Tellus B, 42, 118–134, 1990.
James, P., Stohl, A., Forster, C., Eckhardt, S., Seibert, P., and Frank, A.: A 15-year climatology of stratosphere-troposphere exchange with a Lagrangian particle dispersion model 2. Mean climate and seasonal variability, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 8522, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002639, 2003.
Jasiulionis, R. and Wershofen, H.: A study of the vertical diffusion of the cosmogenic radionuclides, 7Be and 22Na in the atmosphere, J. Environ. Radioactiv., 79, 157–169, 2005.
Johnson, W. and Viezee, W.: Stratospheric ozone in the lower troposphere: i. Presentation and interpretation of aircraft measurements, Atmos. Environ., 15, 1309–1323, 1981.
Junge, C. E.: Air chemistry and radioactivity, Academic Press, New York, USA, and London, UK, 382 pp., 1963.
Kinnison, D. E., Connell, P. S., Rodriguez, J. M., Rotman, D. A., Considine, D. B., Tannahill, J., Ramaroson, R., Rasch, P. J., Douglass, A. R., Baughcum, S. L., Coy, L., Waugh, D. W., Kawa, S. R., and Prather, M. J.: The Global Modeling Initiative assessment model: Application to high-speed civil transport perturbation, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 1693–1711, 2001.
Koch, D. and Rind, D.: Beryllium10/beryllium7 as a tracer of stratospheric transport, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 3907–3917, 1998.
Koch, D. M., Jacob, D. J., and Graustein, W. C.: Vertical transport of tropospheric aerosols as indicated by 7Be and 210Pb in a chemical tracer model, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 18651–18666, 1996.
Kulan, A., Aldahan, A., Possnert, G., and Vintersved, I.: Distribution of 7Be in surface air of Europe, Atmos. Environ., 40, 3855–3868, 2006.
Lal, D. and Peters, B.: Cosmic ray produced radioactivity on the Earth, in: Handbuch der Physik, 46/2, edited by: Sitte, K., Springer-Verlag, New York, USA, 551–561, 1967.
Lal, D., Malhotra, P. K., and Peters, B.: On the production of radioisotopes in the atmosphere by cosmic radiation and their application to meteorology, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 12, 306–328, 1958.
Lee, H. N., Wan, G., Zheng, X., Sanderson, C. G., Josse, B., Wang, S., Yang, W., Tang, J., and Wang, C.: Measurements of 210Pb and 7Be in China and their analysis accompanied with global model calculations of 210Pb, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D22203, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD005061, 2004.
Lee, H. N., Tositti, L., Zheng, X., and Bonasoni, P.: Analyses and comparisons of variations of 7Be, 210Pb and 7Be ∕ 210Pb with ozone observations at two Global Atmosphere Watch stations from high mountains, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D05303, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007421, 2007.
Lelieveld, J., Berresheim, H., Borrman, S., Crutzen, P. J., Dentener, F. J., Fischer, H., Feichter, J., Flatau, P. J., Heland, J., Holzinger, R., Korrmann, R., Lawrence, M. G., Levin, Z., Markowicz, K. M., Mihapoulos, N., Minikin, A., Ramanathan, V., de Reus, M., Roelofs, G. J., Scheeren, H. A., Sciare, J., Schlager, H., Schultz, M., Siegmund, P., Steil, B., Stephanou, E. G., Stier, P., Traub, M., Warneke, C., Williams, J., and Ziereis, H.: Global air pollution crossroads over the Mediterranean, Science, 298, 794–799, 2002.
Li, Q., Jacob, D. J., Logan, J. A., Bey, I., Yantosca, R. M., Liu, H., Martin, R. V., Fiore, A. M., Field, B. D., Duncan, B. N.: A Tropospheric Ozone Maximum Over the Middle East, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 3235–3238, 2001.
Likuku, A. S.: Factors influencing ambient concentrations of 210Pb and 7Be over the city of Edinburgh (55.9° N, 03.2° W), J. Environ. Radioactiv., 87, 289–304, 2006.
Liu, H., Jacob, D. J., Bey, I., and Yantosca, R. M.: Constraints from the 210Pb and 7Be on wet deposition and transport in a global three-dimensional chemical tracer model driven by assimilated meteorological fields, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 12109–12128, 2001.
Liu, H., Jacob, D. J., Dibb, J. E., Fiore, A. M., and Yantosca, R. M.: Constraints on the sources of tropospheric ozone from 210Pb-7Be-O3 correlations, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D07306, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD003988, 2004.
Liu, H., Considine, D. B., Horowitz, L. W., Crawford, J. H., Rodriguez, J. M., Strahan, S. E., Damon, M. R., Steenrod, S. D., Xu, X., Kouatchou, J., Carouge, C., and Yantosca, R. M.: Using beryllium-7 to assess cross-tropopause transport in global models, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 4641–4659, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-4641-2016, 2016.
Lozano, R. L., Hernandéz-Ceballos, M. A., San Miguel, E. G., Adame, J. A., and Bolívar, J. P.: Meteorological factors influencing the 7Be and 210Pb concentrations in surface air from the southwestern Iberian Peninsula, Atmos. Environ., 63, 168–178, 2012.
Lozano, R. L., Hernandéz-Ceballos, M. A., Rodrigo, J. F., San Miguel, E. G., Casas-Ruiz, M., García-Tenorio, R., and Bolívar, J. P.: Mesoscale behavior of 7Be and 210Pb in superficial air along the Gulf of Cadiz (south of Iberian peninsula), Atmos. Environ., 80, 75–84, 2013.
Marinoni, A., Cristofanelli, P., Calzolari, F., Roccato, F., Bonafé, U., and Bonasoni, P.: Continuous measurements of aerosol physical parameters at the Mt. Cimone GAW Station (2165 m asl, Italy), Sci. Total. Environ., 391, 241–251, 2008.
Millàn, M., Sanz, J., Salvador, R., and Mantilla, E.: Atmospheric dynamics and ozone cycles related to nitrogen deposition in the western Mediterranean, Environ. Pollut., 118, 167–186, 2006.
Monks, P. S., Granier, C., Fuzzi, S., Stohl, A., Williams, M. L., Akimoto, H., Amann, M., Baklanov, A., Baltensperger, U., Bey, I., Blake, N., Blake, R. S., Carslaw, K., Cooper, O. R., Dentener, F., Fowler, D., Fragkou, E., Frost, G. J., Generoso, S., Ginoux, P., Grewe, V., Guenther, A., Hansson, H. C., Henne, S., Hjorth, J., Hofzumahaus, A., Huntrieser, H., Isaksen, I. S. A., Jenkin, M. E., Kaiser, J., Kanakidou, M., Klimont, Z., Kulmala, M., Laj, P., Lawrence, M. G., Lee, J. D., and Liousse, C.: Atmospheric composition change – global and regional air quality, Atmos. Environ., 43, 5268–5350, 2009.
Moore, H. E., Poet, S. E., and Martell, E. A.: 222Rn, 210Pb, 210Bi, and 210Po, profiles and aerosol residence times versus altitude, J. Geophys. Res., 78, 7065–7075, 1973.
Nazaroff, W. W.: Radon transport from soil to air, Rev. Geophys., 30, 137–160, 1992.
ORTEC: Gamma-Vision 32 A66-B32 user's manual, ORTEC USA, Part No. 783620, Manual Revision D, 2003.
Papastefanou, C. and Ioannidou, A.: Aerodynamic size association of 7Be in ambient aerosols, J. Environ. Radioactiv., 26, 273–282, 1995.
Pham, M. K., Betti, M., Nies, H., and Povinec, P. P.: Temporal changes of 7Be, 137Cs and 210Pb activity concentrations in surface air at Monaco and their correlation with meteorological parameters, J. Environ. Radioactiv., 102, 1045–1054, 2011.
Rastogi, N. and Sarin, M. M.: Atmospheric 210Pb and 7Be in ambient aerosols over low- and high-altitude sites in 34 semiarid region: Temporal variability and transport processes, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D11103, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009298, 2008.
Rehfeld, S. and Heimann, M.: Three dimensional atmospheric transport simulation of the radioactive tracers 210Pb, 7Be, 10Be, and 90Sr, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 26141–26161, 1995.
Reiter, E. R.: Weather phenomena of the Mediterranean basin. Part 1. General description of the meteorological processes, in: Handbook for forecasters in the Mediterranean basin, Environment Prediction Research Facility, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, U.S. Department of Commerce, available at: http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA024271 (last access: 15 March 2016), 1975.
Reiter, R., Sladkovich, K., Pötzl, K., Carnuth, W., and Kanter, H. J.: Studies on the influx of stratospheric air into the lower troposphere using cosmic-ray produced radionuclides and fallout, Arch. Meteor. Geophy. A, 20, 211–246, 1971.
Reiter, R., Munzert, K., Kanter, H.-J., and Pötzl, K.: Cosmogenic radionuclides and ozone at a mountain station at 3.0 km a.s.l., Arch. Meteor. Geophy. B, 32, 131–160, 1983.
Rienecker, M. M., Suarez, M. J., Gelaro, R., Todling, R., Bacmeister, J., Liu, E., Bosilovich, M. G., Schubert, S. D., Takacs, L., Kim, G.-K., Bloom, S., Chen, J., Collins, D., Conaty, A., da Silva, A., Gu, W., Joiner, J., Koster, R. D., Lucchesi, R., Molod, A., Owens, T., Pawson, S., Pegion, P., Redder, C. R., Reichle, R., Robertson, F. R., Ruddick, A. G., Sienkewicz, M., and Woollen, J.: MERRA: NASA's Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, J. Climate, 24, 3624–3648, 2011.
Rodriguez, J. M., Logan, J. A., Bergmann, D., Megretskaia, I., Jacob, D. J., Xie, H., Das, B., and Strahan, S. E.: The impact of meteorological fields on tropospheric ozone distributions calculated by the Global Modeling Initiative (GMI) chemical-transport model, in: Quadrennial Ozone Symposium QOS 2004, edited by: Zerefos, C., 147 pp., International Ozone Commission, Kos, Greece, 2004.
Rotman, D. A., Tannahill, J. R., Kinnison, D. E., Connell, P. S., Bergmann, D., Proctor, D., Rodriguez, J. M., Lin, S. J., Rood, R. B., Prather, M. J., Rasch, P. J., Considine, D. B., Ramaroson, R., and Kawa, S. R.: Global Modeling Initiative assessment model: Model description, integration, and testing of the transport shell, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 1669–1691, 2001.
Schery, S. D., Whittlestone, S., Hart, K. P., and Hill, S. E.: The flux of radon and thoron from Australian soils, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 26141–26161, 1989.
SILSO (Sunspot Index and Long-term Solar Observation): World Data Center – Sunspot Number and Long-Term Solar Observations, Royal Observatory of Belgium, on-line Sunspot Number catalogue, available at: http://sidc.oma.be/silso/, last access: 15 March 2016.
Simon, J., Meresova, J., Sykora, I., Jeskovsky, M., and Holy, K.: Modeling of temporal variations of vertical concentration profile of 7Be in the atmosphere, Atmos. Environ., 43, 2000–2004, 2009.
Steinmann, P., Zeller, M., Beuret, P., Ferreri, G., and Estier, S.: Cosmogenic 7Be and 22Na in ground level air in Switzerland (1994–2011), J. Environ. Radioactiv., 124, 68–73, 2013.
Stohl, A., Wernli, H., James, P., Borqui, M., Forster, C., Liniger, M. A., Seibert, P., and Sprenger, M.: A new perspective of stratosphere-troposphere exchange, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 84, 1565–1573, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-84-11-1565, 2003.
Strahan, S. E., Duncan, B. N., and Hoor, P.: Observationally derived transport diagnostics for the lowermost stratosphere and their application to the GMI chemistry and transport model, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 2435–2445, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-2435-2007, 2007.
Todorovic, D., Popovic, D., Djuric, G., and Radenkovic, M.: 7Be to 210Pb concentration ratio in ground level air in Belgrade area, J. Environ. Radioactiv., 79, 297–307, 2005.
Tositti, L., Riccio, A., Sandrini, S., Brattich, E., Baldacci, D., Parmeggiani, S., Cristofanelli, P., and Bonasoni, P.: Short-term climatology of PM10 at a high altitude background station in southern Europe, Atmos. Environ., 65, 145–152, 2013.
Tositti, L., Brattich, E., Cinelli, G., and Baldacci, D.: 12 years of 7Be and 210Pb data in Mt. Cimone, and their correlation with meteorological parameters, Atmos. Environ., 87, 108–122, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.01.014, 2014.
Trickl, T., Feldmann, H., Kanter, H.-J., Scheel, H.-E., Sprenger, M., Stohl, A., and Wernli, H.: Forecasted deep stratospheric intrusions over Central Europe: case studies and climatologies, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 499–524, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-499-2010, 2010.
Trigo, I. F., Bigg, G. R., and Davies, T. D.: Climatology of cyclogenesis mechanisms in the Mediterranean, Mon. Weather Rev., 130, 549–569, 2002.
Turekian, K. K. and Graustein, W. C.: Natural Radionuclides in the Atmosphere, in: Treatise on Geochemistry, Vol. 4, edited by: Keeling, R. F., Holland, H. D., and Turekian, K. K., 261–279, https://doi.org/10.1016/B0-08-043751-6/04042-1, Elsevier, 2003.
Turekian, K. K., Nozaki, Y., and Benninger, L. K.: Geochemistry of atmospheric radon and radon products, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sc., 5, 227–255, 1977.
Usoskin, I. and Kovaltsov, G.: Production of cosmogenic 7Be isotope in the atmosphere: full 3D modelling, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D12107, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009725, 2008.
Van Dingenen, R., Putaud, J.-P., Martins-Dos Santos, S., and Raes, F.: Physical aerosol properties and their relation to air mass origin at Monte Cimone (Italy) during the first MINATROC campaign, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 2203–2226, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-5-2203-2005, 2005.
Viezee, W. and Singh, H. B.: The distribution of beryllium-7 in the troposphere. Implications on stratosphere/tropospheric air exchange, Geophys. Res. Lett., 7, 805–808, 1980.
Wilkening, M. H., Clements, W. E., and Stanley, D.: Radon222 flux measurements in widely separated regions, in: The Natural Radiation Environment II, 717–730, U.S. Energy and Res. Dev. Admin., Oak Ridge, Tenn, USA, 1975.
Winkler, R., Dietl, F., Frank, G., and Thiersch, J.: Temporal variation of 7Be and 210Pb size distributions in ambient aerosols, Atmos. Environ., 32, 983–991, 1998.
WMO-GAW (World Meteorological Organization – Global Atmosphere Watch): 1st International Expert Meeting on Sources and Measurements of Natural Radionuclides Applied to Climate and Air Quality Studies. WMO TD No. 1201, Report No. 155, Global Atmos. Watch, Geneva, Switzerland, 2004.
Zanis, P., Schuepbach, E., Gäggeler, H. W., Huebener, S., and Tobler, L.: Factors controlling Beryllium-7 at Jungfraujoch in Switzerland, Tellus, 51, 789–805, 1999.
Zanis, P., Monks, P. S., Schuepbach, R., Carpenter, L. J., Green, T. J., Mills, G. P, Bauguitte, S., and Penkett, S. A.: In situ ozone production under free tropospheric conditions during FREETEX '98 in the Swiss Alps, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 24223–24234, 2000.
Zanis, P., Gerasopoulos, E., Priller, A., Schnabel, C., Stohl, A., Zerefos, C., Gäggeler, H. W., Tobler, L., Kubik, P. W., Kanter, H. J., Scheel, H. E., Luterbacher, J., and Berger, M.: An estimate of the impact of stratosphere-to-troposphere transport (STT) on the lower free tropospheric ozone over the Alps using 10Be and 7Be measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 8520, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002604, 2003.
Short summary
We apply the GMI chemistry and transport model to simulate the seasonal variations of two radionuclide aerosol tracers (terrigenous 210Pb and cosmogenic 7Be) at the WMO-GAW station of Mt. Cimone during 2005, with an aim to understand the roles of transport and precipitation scavenging processes in controlling their seasonality. Results show a dominant role of precipitation scavenging in controlling the seasonality of 210Pb and 7Be concentrations at Mt. Cimone.
We apply the GMI chemistry and transport model to simulate the seasonal variations of two...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint