Articles | Volume 25, issue 14
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7581-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7581-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
18 Jul 2025
Research article |
| 18 Jul 2025
| 18 Jul 2025
Accelerated impact of airborne glaciogenic seeding of stratiform clouds by turbulence
Meilian Chen
Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD)/China Meteorological Administration Aerosol-Cloud and Precipitation Key Laboratory, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
Xiaoqin Jing
Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD)/China Meteorological Administration Aerosol-Cloud and Precipitation Key Laboratory, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
Jiaojiao Li
Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD)/China Meteorological Administration Aerosol-Cloud and Precipitation Key Laboratory, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
Jing Yang
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD)/China Meteorological Administration Aerosol-Cloud and Precipitation Key Laboratory, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
CMA Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Weather Modification Key Laboratory (CPML), Beijing, 100081, China
Xiaobo Dong
Hebei Provincial Weather Modification Center, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China
Bart Geerts
Department of Atmospheric Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD)/China Meteorological Administration Aerosol-Cloud and Precipitation Key Laboratory, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
Baojun Chen
CMA Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Weather Modification Key Laboratory (CPML), Beijing, 100081, China
Lulin Xue
Research Applications Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
Mengyu Huang
Beijing Weather Modification Center, Beijing, 100089, China
Ping Tian
Beijing Weather Modification Center, Beijing, 100089, China
Shaofeng Hua
CMA Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Weather Modification Key Laboratory (CPML), Beijing, 100081, China
Related authors
No articles found.
Yutong Tian, Ting Yang, Hongyi Li, Ping Tian, Yifan Song, Jiancun He, Yining Tan, Yele Sun, and Zifa Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 17581–17594, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-17581-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-17581-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study examines how nitrate pollution varies with height and season to combat urban haze. Nitrate levels peak near the ground in spring/winter due to humidity and temperature, while wind and sunlight drive high-altitude pollution in late autumn. Winter shows unique daytime peaks linked to sunlight and nighttime chemistry. Findings help cities design targeted strategies, like timing emissions cuts, to improve air quality by addressing pollution at specific heights and times.
Yibo Huangfu, Ziyang Liu, Bin Yuan, Sihang Wang, Xianjun He, Wei Zhou, Fei Wang, Ping Tian, Wei Xiao, Yuanmou Du, Jiujiang Sheng, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 17613–17628, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-17613-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-17613-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Severe air pollution over the North China Plain has posed significant threats to human health. Emerging evidence highlights the vital role of vertical pollutant transport in influencing surface air quality. In this study, we summarized the vertical profiles of key pollutants based on aircraft surveys up to 4000 m. The influence of regional transport on the vertical distribution patterns was analyzed, offering essential data for evaluating the impact of aloft pollutants on surface air quality.
Hua Zhang, Shuxiao Wang, Xi Zhao, Zhijun Wu, Yan Yin, Siyu Chen, Dantong Liu, Jingchuan Chen, Hui Jiang, Jiewen Shen, Da Gao, Dejia Yin, Yicong He, Zeqi Li, Shengyue Li, Zhaoxin Dong, Manish Shrivastava, and Bin Zhao
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-5277, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-5277, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
Mineral dust can initiate ice formation in clouds, affecting cloud properties and regional climate. Using an improved model, we examined their contrasting impacts in mixed-phase and ice clouds over East Asia. In mixed-phase clouds, dust promotes liquid-to-ice conversion and reduces cloud reflectivity, causing moderate warming, whereas in ice clouds, it greatly enhances ice formation and leads to stronger warming. This study advances understanding of aerosol–cloud–climate interactions.
Kaiqi Wang, Kai Bi, Shuling Chen, Markus Hartmann, Zhijun Wu, Jiyu Gao, Xiaoyu Xu, Yuhan Cheng, Mengyu Huang, Yunbo Chen, Huiwen Xue, Bingbing Wang, Yaqiong Hu, Xiongying Zhang, Xincheng Ma, Ruijie Li, Ping Tian, Ottmar Möhler, Heike Wex, Frank Stratmann, Jie Chen, and Xianda Gong
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 5823–5840, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-5823-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-5823-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding how ice forms in clouds is crucial for predicting weather and climate; however, accurately measuring the ice-nucleating particles that trigger ice formation remains challenging. We developed an advanced instrument called the Freezing Ice Nucleation Detection Analyzer. By refining temperature control, automating freezing detection, and rigorously testing, we demonstrated that this instrument can reliably measure immersion mode ice-nucleating particles across diverse conditions.
Min Yuan, Di Wang, Weijia Wang, Lei Yin, Xiaobo Dong, Delong Zhao, and Fan Ping
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3657, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3657, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
This study applies the Thompson-Eidhammer aerosol-aware microphysics scheme to an in-flight icing event over the Sichuan Basin. Simulations with clean and polluted aerosol conditions show that pollution enhances supercooled liquid water mass, droplet number, and cloud lifetime. Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service Reanalysis best matches in situ data, highlighting the value of real-time aerosol input for improving SLW and aerosol-cloud interaction simulations.
Shaofeng Hua, Gang Chen, Baojun Chen, Mingshan Li, and Xin Xu
Geosci. Model Dev., 18, 5291–5309, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-5291-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-5291-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Hail forecasting using numerical models remains a challenge. In this study, we found that the commonly used graupel-to-hail conversion parameterization method led to hail overforecasting in heavy rainfall cases where no hail was observed. By incorporating the spongy wet growth process, we successfully mitigated hail overforecasting. The modified scheme also produced hail in real hail events. This research contributes to a better understanding of hail formation.
Yufei Chu, Guo Lin, Min Deng, Lulin Xue, Weiwei Li, Hyeyum Hailey Shin, Jun A. Zhang, Hanqing Guo, and Zhien Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2490, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2490, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a new machine learning approach to estimate the height of the mixing layer in the lower atmosphere, which is important for predicting weather and air quality. By using daily temperature and heat patterns, the model learns how the atmosphere changes throughout the day. It gives accurate results across different locations and seasons, helping improve future climate and weather forecasts through better understanding of surface–atmosphere interactions.
Gang Zhao, Ping Tian, Chunxiang Ye, Weili Lin, Yicheng Gao, Jie Sun, Yi Chen, Fengjun Shen, and Tong Zhu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3012, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3012, 2025
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding aerosol size distribution helps us predict how aerosols move, grow, and interact with the environment and climate. We used "maximum entropy" to demonstrate that the aerosol particle number size distribution would follow the Weibull distribution in the clean atmosphere during the new particle formation and growth process. The observations showed good consistency with the theoretical analysis.
Sisi Chen, Lulin Xue, Sarah A. Tessendorf, Thomas Chubb, Andrew Peace, Suzanne Kenyon, Johanna Speirs, Jamie Wolff, and Bill Petzke
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 6703–6724, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6703-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6703-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study aims to investigate how cloud seeding affects snowfall in Australia's Snowy Mountains. By running simulations with different setups, we found that seeding impact varies greatly with weather conditions. Seeding increased snow in stable weather but sometimes reduced it in stormy weather. This helps us to better understand when seeding works best to boost water supplies.
Kang Hu, Hong Liao, Dantong Liu, Jianbing Jin, Lei Chen, Siyuan Li, Yangzhou Wu, Changhao Wu, Shitong Zhao, Xiaotong Jiang, Ping Tian, Kai Bi, Ye Wang, and Delong Zhao
Geosci. Model Dev., 18, 3623–3634, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-3623-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-3623-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study combines machine learning with concentration-weighted trajectory analysis to quantify regional transport PM2.5. From 2013–2020, local emissions dominated Beijing's pollution events. The Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan reduced regional transport pollution, but the eastern region showed the smallest decrease. Beijing should prioritize local emission reduction while considering the east region's contributions in future strategies.
Sihan Liu, Honglei Wang, Delong Zhao, Wei Zhou, Yuanmou Du, Zhengguo Zhang, Peng Cheng, Tianliang Zhao, Yue Ke, Zihao Wu, and Mengyu Huang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 4151–4165, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4151-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4151-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
To understand the effect of aerosols on the vertical distribution of stratocumulus microphysical quantities in southwest China, the daily variation characteristics and formation mechanism of the vertical profiles of stratocumulus microphysical characteristics in this region were described using the data of nine cloud-crossing aircraft observations over Guangxi from 10 October to 3 November 2020.
Ruiyu Song, Bin Zhu, Lina Sha, Peng Qian, Fei Wang, Chunsong Lu, Yan Yin, and Yuying Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-43, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-43, 2025
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
This study examines how anthropogenic aerosols affect rainfall during the early summer in China’s Yangtze River Delta. Using the WRF-Chem model, we found that moderate emissions increase rainfall by boosting cloud formation. However, high emissions reduce rainfall due to smaller cloud droplets, which hinder their growth. These findings highlight the complex impact of aerosol concentrations on precipitation and provide valuable data for future research on aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions.
Shiye Huang, Jing Yang, Jiaojiao Li, Qian Chen, Qilin Zhang, and Fengxia Guo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1831–1850, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1831-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1831-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol and secondary ice production are both vital to charge separation in thunderstorms, but the relative importance of different SIP processes to cloud electrification under different aerosol conditions is not well understood. In this study, we show in a clean environment, the shattering of freezing drops has the greatest effect on the charging rate, while in a polluted environment, both rime splintering and the shattering of freezing drops have a significant effect on cloud electrification.
Jing Yang, Jiaojiao Li, Meilian Chen, Xiaoqin Jing, Yan Yin, Bart Geerts, Zhien Wang, Yubao Liu, Baojun Chen, Shaofeng Hua, Hao Hu, Xiaobo Dong, Ping Tian, Qian Chen, and Yang Gao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13833–13848, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13833-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13833-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Detecting unambiguous signatures is vital for examining cloud-seeding impacts, but often, seeding signatures are immersed in natural variability. In this study, reflectivity changes induced by glaciogenic seeding using different AgI concentrations are investigated under various conditions, and a method is developed to estimate the AgI concentration needed to detect unambiguous seeding signatures. The results aid in operational seeding-based decision-making regarding the amount of AgI dispersed.
Yuanmou Du, Dantong Liu, Delong Zhao, Mengyu Huang, Ping Tian, Dian Wen, Wei Xiao, Wei Zhou, Hui He, Baiwan Pan, Dongfei Zuo, Xiange Liu, Yingying Jing, Rong Zhang, Jiujiang Sheng, Fei Wang, Yu Huang, Yunbo Chen, and Deping Ding
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13429–13444, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13429-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13429-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
By conducting in situ measurements, we investigated ice production processes in stratiform clouds with embedded convection over the North China Plain. The results show that the ice number concentration is strongly related to the distance to the cloud top, and the level with a larger distance to the cloud top has more graupel falling from upper levels, which promotes collision and coalescence between graupel and droplets and enhances secondary ice production.
Chongzhi Yin, Shin-ichiro Shima, Lulin Xue, and Chunsong Lu
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 5167–5189, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-5167-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-5167-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate numerical convergence properties of a particle-based numerical cloud microphysics model (SDM) and a double-moment bulk scheme for simulating a marine stratocumulus case, compare their results with model intercomparison project results, and present possible explanations for the different results of the SDM and the bulk scheme. Aerosol processes can be accurately simulated using SDM, and this may be an important factor affecting the behavior and morphology of marine stratocumulus.
Jing Yang, Shiye Huang, Tianqi Yang, Qilin Zhang, Yuting Deng, and Yubao Liu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5989–6010, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5989-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5989-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study contributes to filling the dearth of understanding the impacts of different secondary ice production (SIP) processes on the cloud electrification in cold-season thunderstorms. The results suggest that SIP, especially the rime-splintering process and the shattering of freezing drops, has significant impacts on the charge structure of the storm. In addition, the modeled radar composite reflectivity and flash rate are improved after implementing the SIP processes in the model.
Ping Tian, Dantong Liu, Kang Hu, Yangzhou Wu, Mengyu Huang, Hui He, Jiujiang Sheng, Chenjie Yu, Dawei Hu, and Deping Ding
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5149–5164, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5149-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5149-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The results provide direct evidence of efficient droplet activation of black carbon (BC). The cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activation fraction of BC was higher than for all particles, suggesting higher CCN activity of BC, even though its hygroscopicity is lower. Our research reveals that the evolution of BC's hygroscopicity and its CCN activation properties through atmospheric aging can be effectively characterized by the photochemical age.
Naifu Shao, Chunsong Lu, Xingcan Jia, Yuan Wang, Yubin Li, Yan Yin, Bin Zhu, Tianliang Zhao, Duanyang Liu, Shengjie Niu, Shuxian Fan, Shuqi Yan, and Jingjing Lv
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9873–9890, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9873-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9873-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Fog is an important meteorological phenomenon that affects visibility. Aerosols and the planetary boundary layer (PBL) play critical roles in the fog life cycle. In this study, aerosol-induced changes in fog properties become more remarkable in the second fog (Fog2) than in the first fog (Fog1). The reason is that aerosol–cloud interaction (ACI) delays Fog1 dissipation, leading to the PBL meteorological conditions being more conducive to Fog2 formation and to stronger ACI in Fog2.
Qian Li, Dantong Liu, Xiaotong Jiang, Ping Tian, Yangzhou Wu, Siyuan Li, Kang Hu, Quan Liu, Mengyu Huang, Ruijie Li, Kai Bi, Shaofei Kong, Deping Ding, and Chenjie Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9439–9453, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9439-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9439-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
By attributing the shortwave absorption from black carbon, primary organic aerosol and secondary organic aerosol in a suburban environment, we firstly observed that the photochemically produced nitrogen-containing secondary organic aerosol may contribute to the enhancement of brown carbon absorption, partly compensating for some bleaching effect on the absorption of primary organic aerosol, hereby exerting radiative impacts.
Joschka Pfeifer, Naser G. A. Mahfouz, Benjamin C. Schulze, Serge Mathot, Dominik Stolzenburg, Rima Baalbaki, Zoé Brasseur, Lucia Caudillo, Lubna Dada, Manuel Granzin, Xu-Cheng He, Houssni Lamkaddam, Brandon Lopez, Vladimir Makhmutov, Ruby Marten, Bernhard Mentler, Tatjana Müller, Antti Onnela, Maxim Philippov, Ana A. Piedehierro, Birte Rörup, Meredith Schervish, Ping Tian, Nsikanabasi S. Umo, Dongyu S. Wang, Mingyi Wang, Stefan K. Weber, André Welti, Yusheng Wu, Marcel Zauner-Wieczorek, Antonio Amorim, Imad El Haddad, Markku Kulmala, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Tuukka Petäjä, António Tomé, Sander Mirme, Hanna E. Manninen, Neil M. Donahue, Richard C. Flagan, Andreas Kürten, Joachim Curtius, and Jasper Kirkby
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6703–6718, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6703-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6703-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Attachment rate coefficients between ions and charged aerosol particles determine their lifetimes and may also influence cloud dynamics and aerosol processing. Here we present novel experiments that measure ion–aerosol attachment rate coefficients for multiply charged aerosol particles under atmospheric conditions in the CERN CLOUD chamber. Our results provide experimental discrimination between various theoretical models.
Lucía Caudillo, Mihnea Surdu, Brandon Lopez, Mingyi Wang, Markus Thoma, Steffen Bräkling, Angela Buchholz, Mario Simon, Andrea C. Wagner, Tatjana Müller, Manuel Granzin, Martin Heinritzi, Antonio Amorim, David M. Bell, Zoé Brasseur, Lubna Dada, Jonathan Duplissy, Henning Finkenzeller, Xu-Cheng He, Houssni Lamkaddam, Naser G. A. Mahfouz, Vladimir Makhmutov, Hanna E. Manninen, Guillaume Marie, Ruby Marten, Roy L. Mauldin, Bernhard Mentler, Antti Onnela, Tuukka Petäjä, Joschka Pfeifer, Maxim Philippov, Ana A. Piedehierro, Birte Rörup, Wiebke Scholz, Jiali Shen, Dominik Stolzenburg, Christian Tauber, Ping Tian, António Tomé, Nsikanabasi Silas Umo, Dongyu S. Wang, Yonghong Wang, Stefan K. Weber, André Welti, Marcel Zauner-Wieczorek, Urs Baltensperger, Richard C. Flagan, Armin Hansel, Jasper Kirkby, Markku Kulmala, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Douglas R. Worsnop, Imad El Haddad, Neil M. Donahue, Alexander L. Vogel, Andreas Kürten, and Joachim Curtius
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6613–6631, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6613-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6613-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we present an intercomparison of four different techniques for measuring the chemical composition of nanoparticles. The intercomparison was performed based on the observed chemical composition, calculated volatility, and analysis of the thermograms. We found that the methods generally agree on the most important compounds that are found in the nanoparticles. However, they do see different parts of the organic spectrum. We suggest potential explanations for these differences.
Xiumei Zhang, Ronald van der A, Jieying Ding, Xin Zhang, and Yan Yin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 5587–5604, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5587-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5587-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We compiled a ship emission inventory based on automatic identification system (AIS) signals in the Jiangsu section of the Yangtze River. This ship emission inventory was compared with Chinese bottom-up inventories and the satellite-derived emissions from TROPOMI. The result shows a consistent spatial distribution, with riverine cities having high NOx emissions. Inland ship emissions of NOx are shown to contribute at least 40 % to air pollution along the river.
Sisi Chen, Lulin Xue, Sarah Tessendorf, Kyoko Ikeda, Courtney Weeks, Roy Rasmussen, Melvin Kunkel, Derek Blestrud, Shaun Parkinson, Melinda Meadows, and Nick Dawson
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 5217–5231, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5217-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5217-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The possible mechanism of effective ice growth in the cloud-top generating cells in winter orographic clouds is explored using a newly developed ultra-high-resolution cloud microphysics model. Simulations demonstrate that a high availability of moisture and liquid water is critical for producing large ice particles. Fluctuations in temperature and moisture down to millimeter scales due to cloud turbulence can substantially affect the growth history of the individual cloud particles.
Yabin Gou, Haonan Chen, Hong Zhu, and Lulin Xue
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2439–2463, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2439-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2439-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This article investigates the complex precipitation microphysics associated with super typhoon Lekima using a host of in situ and remote sensing observations, including rain gauge and disdrometer data, as well as polarimetric radar observations. The impacts of precipitation microphysics on multi-source data consistency and radar precipitation estimation are quantified. It is concluded that the dynamical precipitation microphysical processes must be considered in radar precipitation estimation.
Anbao Zhu, Haiming Xu, Jiechun Deng, Jing Ma, and Shaofeng Hua
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 15425–15447, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15425-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15425-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study demonstrates the instant and delayed effects of biomass burning (BB) aerosols on precipitation over the Indochina Peninsula (ICP). The convection suppression due to the BB aerosol-induced stabilized atmosphere dominates over the favorable water-vapor condition induced by large-scale circulation responses, leading to an overall reduced precipitation in March, while the delayed effect promotes precipitation from early April to mid April due to the anomalous atmospheric circulations.
Cuiqi Zhang, Zhijun Wu, Jingchuan Chen, Jie Chen, Lizi Tang, Wenfei Zhu, Xiangyu Pei, Shiyi Chen, Ping Tian, Song Guo, Limin Zeng, Min Hu, and Zamin A. Kanji
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 7539–7556, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7539-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7539-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The immersion ice nucleation effectiveness of aerosols from multiple sources in the urban environment remains elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that the immersion ice-nucleating particle (INP) concentration increased dramatically during a dust event in an urban atmosphere. Pollutant aerosols, including inorganic salts formed through secondary transformation (SIA) and black carbon (BC), might not act as effective INPs under mixed-phase cloud conditions.
Siyuan Li, Dantong Liu, Shaofei Kong, Yangzhou Wu, Kang Hu, Huang Zheng, Yi Cheng, Shurui Zheng, Xiaotong Jiang, Shuo Ding, Dawei Hu, Quan Liu, Ping Tian, Delong Zhao, and Jiujiang Sheng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 6937–6951, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6937-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6937-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The understanding of secondary organic aerosols is hindered by the aerosol–gas evolution by different oxidation mechanisms. By concurrently measuring detailed mass spectra of aerosol and gas phases in a megacity online, we identified the primary and secondary source sectors and investigated the transformation between gas and aerosol phases influenced by photooxidation and moisture. The results will help us to understand the respective evolution of major sources in a typical urban environment.
Xin Zhang, Yan Yin, Ronald van der A, Henk Eskes, Jos van Geffen, Yunyao Li, Xiang Kuang, Jeff L. Lapierre, Kui Chen, Zhongxiu Zhen, Jianlin Hu, Chuan He, Jinghua Chen, Rulin Shi, Jun Zhang, Xingrong Ye, and Hao Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5925–5942, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5925-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5925-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The importance of convection to the ozone and nitrogen oxides (NOx) produced from lightning has long been an open question. We utilize the high-resolution chemistry model with ozonesondes and space observations to discuss the effects of convection over southeastern China, where few studies have been conducted. Our results show the transport and chemistry contributions for various storms and demonstrate the ability of TROPOMI to estimate the lightning NOx production over small-scale convection.
Chenjie Yu, Dantong Liu, Kang Hu, Ping Tian, Yangzhou Wu, Delong Zhao, Huihui Wu, Dawei Hu, Wenbo Guo, Qiang Li, Mengyu Huang, Deping Ding, and James D. Allan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 4375–4391, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4375-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4375-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we applied a new technique to investigate the aerosol properties on both a mass and number basis and CCN abilities in Beijing suburban regions. The size-resolved aerosol chemical compositions and CCN activation measurement enable a detailed analysis of BC-containing particle hygroscopicity and its size-dependent contribution to the CCN activation. The results presented in this study will affect future models and human health studies.
Hao Luo, Li Dong, Yichen Chen, Yuefeng Zhao, Delong Zhao, Mengyu Huang, Deping Ding, Jiayuan Liao, Tian Ma, Maohai Hu, and Yong Han
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 2507–2524, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-2507-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-2507-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol–planetary boundary layer (PBL) interaction is a key mechanism for stabilizing the atmosphere and exacerbating surface air pollution. Using aircraft measurements and WRF-Chem simulations, we find that the aerosol–PBL interaction of different aerosols under contrasting synoptic patterns, PBL structures, and aerosol vertical distributions vary significantly. We attempt to determine which pollutants to target in different synoptic conditions to attain more precise air pollution control.
Yulu Qiu, Zhiqiang Ma, Ke Li, Mengyu Huang, Jiujiang Sheng, Ping Tian, Jia Zhu, Weiwei Pu, Yingxiao Tang, Tingting Han, Huaigang Zhou, and Hong Liao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 17995–18010, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17995-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17995-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Photochemical pollution over the North China Plain (NCP) is attracting much concern. Our observations at a rural site in the NCP identified high peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) concentrations, even on cold days. Increased acetaldehyde concentration and hydroxyl radical production rates drive fast PAN formation. Moreover, our study emphasizes the importance of formaldehyde photolysis in PAN formation and calls for implementing strict volatile organic compound controls after summer over the NCP.
Lucía Caudillo, Birte Rörup, Martin Heinritzi, Guillaume Marie, Mario Simon, Andrea C. Wagner, Tatjana Müller, Manuel Granzin, Antonio Amorim, Farnoush Ataei, Rima Baalbaki, Barbara Bertozzi, Zoé Brasseur, Randall Chiu, Biwu Chu, Lubna Dada, Jonathan Duplissy, Henning Finkenzeller, Loïc Gonzalez Carracedo, Xu-Cheng He, Victoria Hofbauer, Weimeng Kong, Houssni Lamkaddam, Chuan P. Lee, Brandon Lopez, Naser G. A. Mahfouz, Vladimir Makhmutov, Hanna E. Manninen, Ruby Marten, Dario Massabò, Roy L. Mauldin, Bernhard Mentler, Ugo Molteni, Antti Onnela, Joschka Pfeifer, Maxim Philippov, Ana A. Piedehierro, Meredith Schervish, Wiebke Scholz, Benjamin Schulze, Jiali Shen, Dominik Stolzenburg, Yuri Stozhkov, Mihnea Surdu, Christian Tauber, Yee Jun Tham, Ping Tian, António Tomé, Steffen Vogt, Mingyi Wang, Dongyu S. Wang, Stefan K. Weber, André Welti, Wang Yonghong, Wu Yusheng, Marcel Zauner-Wieczorek, Urs Baltensperger, Imad El Haddad, Richard C. Flagan, Armin Hansel, Kristina Höhler, Jasper Kirkby, Markku Kulmala, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Ottmar Möhler, Harald Saathoff, Rainer Volkamer, Paul M. Winkler, Neil M. Donahue, Andreas Kürten, and Joachim Curtius
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 17099–17114, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17099-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17099-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We performed experiments in the CLOUD chamber at CERN at low temperatures to simulate new particle formation in the upper free troposphere (at −30 ºC and −50 ºC). We measured the particle and gas phase and found that most of the compounds present in the gas phase are detected as well in the particle phase. The major compounds in the particles are C8–10 and C18–20. Specifically, we showed that C5 and C15 compounds are detected in a mixed system with isoprene and α-pinene at −30 ºC, 20 % RH.
Istvan Geresdi, Lulin Xue, Sisi Chen, Youssef Wehbe, Roelof Bruintjes, Jared A. Lee, Roy M. Rasmussen, Wojciech W. Grabowski, Noemi Sarkadi, and Sarah A. Tessendorf
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16143–16159, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16143-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16143-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
By releasing soluble aerosols into the convective clouds, cloud seeding potentially enhances rainfall. The seeding impacts are hard to quantify with observations only. Numerical models that represent the detailed physics of aerosols, cloud and rain formation are used to investigate the seeding impacts on rain enhancement under different natural aerosol backgrounds and using different seeding materials. Our results indicate that seeding may enhance rainfall under certain conditions.
Quan Liu, Dantong Liu, Yangzhou Wu, Kai Bi, Wenkang Gao, Ping Tian, Delong Zhao, Siyuan Li, Chenjie Yu, Guiqian Tang, Yunfei Wu, Kang Hu, Shuo Ding, Qian Gao, Fei Wang, Shaofei Kong, Hui He, Mengyu Huang, and Deping Ding
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 14749–14760, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14749-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14749-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Through simultaneous online measurements of detailed aerosol compositions at both surface and surface-influenced mountain sites, the evolution of aerosol composition during daytime vertical transport was investigated. The results show that, from surface to the top of the planetary boundary layer, the oxidation state of organic aerosol had been significantly enhanced due to evaporation and further oxidation of these evaporated gases.
Youssef Wehbe, Sarah A. Tessendorf, Courtney Weeks, Roelof Bruintjes, Lulin Xue, Roy Rasmussen, Paul Lawson, Sarah Woods, and Marouane Temimi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 12543–12560, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12543-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12543-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The role of dust aerosols as ice-nucleating particles is well established in the literature, whereas their role as cloud condensation nuclei is less understood, particularly in polluted desert environments. We analyze coincident aerosol size distributions and cloud particle imagery collected over the UAE with a research aircraft. Despite the presence of ultra-giant aerosol sizes associated with dust, an active collision–coalescence process is not observed within the limited depths of warm cloud.
Dongfei Zuo, Deping Ding, Yichen Chen, Ling Yang, Delong Zhao, Mengyu Huang, Ping Tian, Wei Xiao, Wei Zhou, Yuanmou Du, and Dantong Liu
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2021-221, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2021-221, 2021
Publication in AMT not foreseen
Short summary
Short summary
According to the echo attenuation analysis of mixed precipitation, the melting layer is found to be the key factor affecting the attenuation correction. This study hereby proposes an adaptive echo attenuation correction method based on the melting layer, and uses the ground-based S-band radar to extract the echo on the aircraft trajectory to verify the correction results. The results show that the echo attenuation correction value above the melting layer is related to the flight position.
Chuanyang Shen, Gang Zhao, Weilun Zhao, Ping Tian, and Chunsheng Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 1375–1388, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1375-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1375-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Submicron particles larger than 300 nm dominate the aerosol light extinction and mass concentration in the urban environment. Aerosol hygroscopic properties extended to 600 nm were investigated at an urban site. Our results find that there exists a large fraction of a less hygroscopic group above 300 nm, and the hygroscopicity in this size range is enhanced significantly with the development of pollution levels. The hygroscopicity variation contributes greatly to the low visibility.
Shuo Ding, Dantong Liu, Kang Hu, Delong Zhao, Ping Tian, Fei Wang, Ruijie Li, Yichen Chen, Hui He, Mengyu Huang, and Deping Ding
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 681–694, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-681-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-681-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we for the first time characterized the detailed black carbon (BC) microphysics at a mountain site located at the top of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) influenced by surface emission over the North China Plain. We investigated the optical and hygroscopic properties of BC at this level as influenced by microphysical properties. Such information will constrain the impacts of BC in influencing the PBL dynamics and low-level cloud formation over anthropogenically polluted regions.
Cited articles
Bigg, E. K.: The formation of atmospheric ice crystals by the freezing of droplets, Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 79, 510–519, https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49707934207, 1953.
Bruintjes, R. T.: A Review of Cloud Seeding Experiments to Enhance Precipitation and Some New Prospects, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 80, 805–820, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477(1999)080<0805:AROCSE>2.0.CO;2, 1999.
Chen, J.-P. and Lamb, D.: The theoretical basis for the parameterization of ice crystal habits: Growth by vapor deposition, J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 1206–1222, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1994)051<1206:TTBFTP>2.0.CO;2, 1994.
Chu, X., Xue, L., Geerts, B., and Kosović, B.: The impact of boundary layer turbulence on snow growth and precipitation: Idealized Large Eddy Simulations, Atmos. Res., 204, 54–66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.01.015, 2018.
DeFelice, T., Golden, J., Griffith, D., Woodley, W., Rosenfeld, D., Breed, D., Solak, M., and Boe, B.: Extra area effects of cloud seeding – An updated assessment, Atmos. Res., 135, 193–203, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2013.08.014, 2014.
DeMott, P. J.: Quantitative descriptions of ice formation mechanisms of silver iodide-type aerosols, Atmos. Res., 38, 63–99, https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-8095(94)00088-U, 1995.
Deng, Y., Yang, J., Yin, Y., Cui, S., Zhang, B., Bao, X., Chen, B., Li, J., Gao, W., and Jing, X.: Quantifying the spatial inhomogeneity of ice concentration in mixed-phase stratiform cloud using airborne observation, Atmos. Res., 298, 107153, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2023.107153, 2024.
French, J. R., Friedrich, K., Tessendorf, S. A., Rauber, R. M., Geerts, B., Rasmussen, R. M., Xue, L., Kunkel, M. L., and Blestrud, D. R.: Precipitation formation from orographic cloud seeding, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 115, 1168–1173, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1716995115, 2018.
Friedrich, K., Ikeda, K., Tessendorf, S. A., French, J. R., Rauber, R. M., Geerts, B., Xue, L., Rasmussen, R. M., Blestrud, D. R., Kunkel, M. L., Dawson, N., and Parkinson, S.: Quantifying snowfall from orographic cloud seeding, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 117, 5190–5195, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1917204117, 2020.
Fukuta, N. and Takahashi, T.: The growth of atmospheric ice crystals: A summary of findings in vertical supercooled cloud tunnel studies, J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 1963–1979, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1999)056<1963:TGOAIC>2.0.CO;2, 1999.
Geerts, B. and Rauber, R. M.: Glaciogenic Seeding of Cold-Season Orographic Clouds to Enhance Precipitation: Status and Prospects, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 103, E2302–E2314, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-21-0279.1, 2022.
Geerts, B., Pokharel, B., Friedrich, K., Breed, D., Rasmussen, R., Yang, Y., Miao, Q., Haimov, S., Boe, B., and Lawrence, B.: The AgI Seeding Cloud Impact Investigation (ASCII) campaign 2012: overview and preliminary results, Journal of Weather Modification, 45, 24–43, https://doi.org/10.54782/jwm.v45i1.121, 2013.
Grasmick, C., Geerts, B., Chu, X., French, J. R., and Rauber, R. M.: Detailed Dual-Doppler Structure of Kelvin–Helmholtz Waves from an Airborne Profiling Radar over Complex Terrain. Part II: Evidence for Precipitation Enhancement from Observations and Modeling, J. Atmos. Sci., 78, 3455–3472, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-20-0392.1, 2021.
Grasmick, C., Geerts, B., French, J. R., Haimov, S., and Rauber, R. M.: Estimating Microphysics Properties in Ice-Dominated Clouds from Airborne Ka–W-band Dual-Wavelength Ratio Reflectivity Factor in Close Proximity to In Situ Probes, J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 39, 1815–1833, https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-21-0147.1, 2022.
Griffith, D. A., Solak, M. E., Almy, R. D., and Gibbs, D.: The Santa Barbara Cloud Seeding Project in Coastal Southern California, Summary of Results and Their Implications, Journal of Weather Modification, 37, 21–27, https://doi.org/10.54782/jwm.v37i1.221, 2005.
Harrington, J. Y., Moyle, A., Hanson, L. E., and Morrison, H.: On Calculating Deposition Coefficients and Aspect-Ratio Evolution in Approximate Models of Ice Crystal Vapor Growth, J. Atmos. Sci., 76, 1609–1625, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-18-0319.1, 2019.
Henneberger, J., Ramelli, F., Spirig, R., Omanovic, N., Miller, A. J., Fuchs, C., Zhang, H., Bühl, J., Hervo, M., Kanji, Z. A., Ohneiser, K., Radenz, M., Rösch, M., Seifert, P., and Lohmann, U.: Seeding of Supercooled Low Stratus Clouds with a UAV to Study Microphysical Ice Processes: An Introduction to the CLOUDLAB Project, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 104, E1962–E1979, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-22-0178.1, 2023.
Hill, A. A., Field, P. R., Furtado, K., Korolev, A., and Shipway, B. J.: Mixed-phase clouds in a turbulent environment. Part 1: Large-eddy simulation experiments, Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 140, 855–869, https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2177, 2014.
Houze Jr., R. A. and Medina, S.: Turbulence as a Mechanism for Orographic Precipitation Enhancement, J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 3599–3623, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS3555.1, 2005.
Jiménez, P. A., Dudhia, J., González-Rouco, J. F., Navarro, J., Montávez, J. P., and García-Bustamante, E.: A Revised Scheme for the WRF Surface Layer Formulation, Mon. Weather Rev., 140, 898–918, https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-11-00056.1, 2012.
Jing, X. and Geerts, B.: Dual-Polarization Radar Data Analysis of the Impact of Ground-Based Glaciogenic Seeding on Winter Orographic Clouds. Part II: Convective Clouds, J. Appl. Meteorol. Clim., 54, 2099–2117, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-15-0056.1, 2015.
Jing, X., Geerts, B., Friedrich, K., and Pokharel, B.: Dual-Polarization Radar Data Analysis of the Impact of Ground-Based Glaciogenic Seeding on Winter Orographic Clouds. Part I: Mostly Stratiform Clouds, J. Appl. Meteorol. Clim., 54, 1944–1969, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-14-0257.1, 2015.
Jing, X., Geerts, B., and Boe, B.: The Extra-Area Effect of Orographic Cloud Seeding: Observational Evidence of Precipitation Enhancement Downwind of the Target Mountain, J. Appl. Meteorol. Clim., 55, 1409–1424, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-15-0188.1, 2016.
Khain, A., Pokrovsky, A., Pinsky, M., Seifert, A., and Phillips, V.: Simulation of Effects of Atmospheric Aerosols on Deep Turbulent Convective Clouds Using a Spectral Microphysics Mixed-Phase Cumulus Cloud Model. Part I: Model Description and Possible Applications, J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 2963–2982, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-3350.1, 2004.
Korolev, A. and Field, P. R.: The Effect of Dynamics on Mixed-Phase Clouds: Theoretical Considerations, J. Atmos. Sci., 65, 66–86, https://doi.org/10.1175/2007JAS2355.1, 2008.
Korolev, A. and Milbrandt, J.: How are mixed-phase clouds mixed?, Geophys. Res. Lett., 49, e2022GL099578, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL099578, 2022.
Korolev, A. V. and Mazin, I. P.: Supersaturation of Water Vapor in Clouds, J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 2957–2974, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(2003)060<2957:SOWVIC>2.0.CO;2, 2003.
Li, D., Zhao, C., Yue, Z., Liu, C., Sun, Y., and Cohen, J. B.: Response of cloud and precipitation properties to seeding at a supercooled cloud-top layer, Earth Space Sci., 9, e2021EA001791, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EA001791, 2022.
Long, A. B.: Review of downwind extra-area effects of precipitation enhancement, Journal of Weather Modification, 33, 24–45, https://doi.org/10.54782/jwm.v33i1.237, 2001.
Lou, X., Fu, Y., and Su, Z.: Advances of silver iodide seeding agents for weather modification, J. Appl. Meteor. Sci., 32, 146–159, https://doi.org/10.11898/1001-7313.20210202, 2021.
Lutgens, F. K., Tarbuck, E. J., and Tasa, D.: The atmosphere: An introduction to meteorology, 10th edition, Prentis Hall, New York, ISBN 978-0131874626, 520 pp., 2006.
Mason, B. J.: The physics of clouds, 2nd edition, Clarendon Press, Oxford, UK, ISBN 978-0198516033, 686 pp., 1971.
Mazzetti, T., Geerts, B., and Xue, L.: A Numerical Evaluation of the Impact of Operational Ground-Based Glaciogenic Cloud Seeding on Precipitation over the Wind River Range, Wyoming, J. Appl. Meteorol. Clim., 62, 489–510, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-22-0132.1, 2023.
Meyers, M. P., DeMott, P. J., and Cotton, W. R.: New Primary Ice–Nucleation Parameterizations in an Explicit Cloud Model, J. Appl. Meteorol., 31, 708–721, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(1992)031<0708:NPINPI>2.0.CO;2, 1992.
Mlawer, E. J., Taubman, S. J., Brown, P. D., Iacono, M. J., and Clough, S. A.: Radiative transfer for inhomogeneous atmospheres: RRTM, a validated correlated-k model for the longwave, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 102, 16663–16682, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2004.05.058, 1997.
Morrison, H., Boer, G. D., Feingold, G., Harrington, J. Y., Shupe, M. D., and Sulia, K. J.: Resilience of persistent Arctic mixed-phase clouds, Nat. Geosci., 5, 11–17, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1332, 2012.
NCAR MMM: Weather Research & Forecasting Model (WRF), UCAR, https://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/download/get_source.html (last access: 2 July 2024), 2024.
Omanovic, N., Ferrachat, S., Fuchs, C., Henneberger, J., Miller, A. J., Ohneiser, K., Ramelli, F., Seifert, P., Spirig, R., Zhang, H., and Lohmann, U.: Evaluating the Wegener–Bergeron–Findeisen process in ICON in large-eddy mode with in situ observations from the CLOUDLAB project, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6825–6844, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6825-2024, 2024.
Pokharel, B., Geerts, B., Chu, X., and Bergmaier, P.: Profiling Radar Observations and Numerical Simulations of a Downslope Wind Storm and Rotor on the Lee of the Medicine Bow Mountains in Wyoming, Atmosphere, 8, 39, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos8020039, 2017.
Pourghasemi, M. A., Memarian, M. H., and Zare, A.: Assessment of Possible Precipitation Enhancement by Glaciogenic Cloud Seeding Using WRF: A Case Study, Russ. Meteorol. Hydrol., 47, 553–560, https://doi.org/10.3103/S106837392207010X, 2022.
Rangno, A. and Hobbs, P.: Ice particles in stratiform clouds in the Arctic and possible mechanisms for the production of high ice concentrations, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 15065–15075, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD900286, 2001.
Rauber, R. M., Geerts, B., Xue, L., French, J., Friedrich, K., Rasmussen, R. M., Tessendorf, S. A., Blestrud, D. R., Kunkel, M. L., and Parkinson, S.: Wintertime Orographic Cloud Seeding–A Review, J. Appl. Meteorol. Clim., 58, 2117–2140, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-18-0341.1, 2019.
Rogers, R. R. and Yau M. K.: A short course in cloud physics, 3rd edition, Pergammon Press, New York, ISBN 978-0750632157, 304 pp., 1989.
Sarnitsky, G., Sardina, G., Svensson, G., Pumir, A., Hoffmann, F., Mehlig, B.: Does small-scale turbulence matter for ice growth in mixed-phase clouds?, arXiv:2410.06724, https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2410.06724, 2024.
Schaefer, V. J.: The formation of ice crystals in the laboratory and the atmosphere, Chem. Rev., 44, 291–320, https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60138a004, 1949.
Simpson, J., Brier, G. W., and Simpson, R. H.: Stormfury Cumulus Seeding Experiment 1965: Statistical Analysis and Main Results, J. Atmos. Sci., 24, 508–521, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1967)024<0508:SCSESA>2.0.CO;2, 1967.
Solak, M. E., Yorty, D. P., and Griffith, D. A.: Estimations of downwind cloud seeding effects in utah, Journal of Weather Modification, 35, 52–58, https://doi.org/10.54782/jwm.v51i1.715, 2003.
Tan, I. and Storelvmo, T.: Sensitivity Study on the Influence of Cloud Microphysical Parameters on Mixed-Phase Cloud Thermodynamic Phase Partitioning in CAM5, J. Atmos. Sci., 73, 709–728, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-15-0152.1, 2016.
Tessendorf, S. A., French, J. R., Friedrich, K., Geerts, B., Rauber, R. M., Rasmussen, R. M., Xue, L., Ikeda, K., Blestrud, D. R., Kunkel, M. L., Parkinson, S., Snider, J. R., Aikins, J., Faber, S., Majewski, A., Grasmick, C., Bergmaier, P. T., Janiszeski, A., Springer, A., Weeks, C., Serke, D. J., and Bruintjes, R.: A Transformational Approach to Winter Orographic Weather Modification Research: The SNOWIE Project, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 100, 71–92, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0152.1, 2019.
Tewari, M., Chen, F., Wang, W., Dudhia, J., LeMone, M. A., Mitchell, K., Ek, M., Gayno, G., Wegiel, J., and Cuenca, R. H.: Implementation and verification of the unified NOAH land surface model in the WRF model, 20th Conference on Weather Analysis and Forecasting/16th Conference on Numerical Weather Prediction, 12–16 January 2004, Seattle, WA, USA, American Meteorological Society, 11–15, http://ams.confex.com/ams/84Annual/techprogram/paper_69061.htm (last access: 15 July 2025), 2004.
Wallace, J. M. and Hobbs, P. V.: Atmospheric science an introductory survey, Second edition, Elsevier Inc., New York, ISBN 978-0127329512, 504 pp., 2006.
Wang, J., Yue, Z., Rosenfeld, D., Zhang, L., Zhu, Y., Dai, J., Yu, X., and Li, J.: The evolution of an AgI cloud-seeding track in central China as seen by a combination of radar, satellite, and disdrometer observations, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 126, e2020JD033914, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD033914, 2021.
Xue, L., Hashimoto, A., Murakami, M., Rasmussen, R., Tessendorf, S. A., Breed, D., Parkinson, S., Holbrook, P., and Blestrud, D.: Implementation of a Silver Iodide Cloud-Seeding Parameterization in WRF. Part I: Model Description and Idealized 2D Sensitivity Tests, J. Appl. Meteorol. Clim., 52, 1433–1457, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-12-0148.1, 2013.
Xue, L., Chu, X., Rasmussen, R., Breed, D., Boe, B., and Geerts, B.: The Dispersion of Silver Iodide Particles from Ground-Based Generators over Complex Terrain. Part II: WRF Large-Eddy Simulations versus Observations, J. Appl. Meteorol. Clim., 53, 1342–1361, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-13-0241.1, 2014.
Xue, L., Chu, X., Rasmussen, R., Breed, D., and Geerts, B.: A Case Study of Radar Observations and WRF LES Simulations of the Impact of Ground-Based Glaciogenic Seeding on Orographic Clouds and Precipitation. Part II: AgI Dispersion and Seeding Signals Simulated by WRF, J. Appl. Meteorol. Clim., 55, 445–464, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-15-0115.1, 2016.
Xue, L., Weeks, C., Chen, S., Tessendorf, S. A., Rasmussen, R. M., Ikeda, K., Kosovic, B., Behringer, D., French, J. R., Friedrich, K., Zaremba, T. J., Rauber, R. M., Lackner, C. P., Geerts, B., Blestrud, D., Kunkel, M., Dawson, N., and Parkinson, S.: Comparison between Observed and Simulated AgI Seeding Impacts in a Well-Observed Case from the SNOWIE Field Program, J. Appl. Meteorol. Clim., 61, 345–367, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-21-0103.1, 2022.
Yang, J.: Accelerated impact of airborne glaciogenic seeding of stratiform clouds by turbulence, Zenodo [data set], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14604420, 2025.
Yang, J., Qin, Z., Deng, Y., Chen, M., Jing, X., Yin, Y., Lu, C., Chen, B., Zhang, B., and Bao, X.: On the cluster scales of hydrometeors in mixed-phase stratiform clouds, Geophys. Res. Lett., 51, e2024GL108166, https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL108166, 2024a.
Yang, J., Li, J., Chen, M., Jing, X., Yin, Y., Geerts, B., Wang, Z., Liu, Y., Chen, B., Hua, S., Hu, H., Dong, X., Tian, P., Chen, Q., and Gao, Y.: Estimating the concentration of silver iodide needed to detect unambiguous signatures of glaciogenic cloud seeding, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13833–13848, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13833-2024, 2024b.
Yue, Z., Yu, X., Liu, G., Wang, J., Dai, Jin., and Li, J.: Effect evaluation of an operational precipitation enhancement in cold clouds by aircraft, Acta Meteorol. Sin., 79, 853–863, https://doi.org/10.11676/qxxb2021.051, 2021.
Zaremba, T. J., Rauber, R. M., Girolamo, L. D., Loveridge, J. R., and McFarquhar, G. M.: On the Radar Detection of Cloud Seeding Effects in Wintertime Orographic Cloud Systems, J. Appl. Meteorol. Clim., 63, 27–45, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-22-0154.1, 2024.
Short summary
Several recent studies have reported complete cloud glaciation induced by airborne-based glaciogenic cloud seeding over plains. Since turbulence is an important factor to maintain clouds in a mixed phase, it is hypothesized that turbulence may have an impact on the seeding effect. This hypothesis is evident in the present study, which shows that turbulence can accelerate the impact of airborne glaciogenic seeding of stratiform clouds.
Several recent studies have reported complete cloud glaciation induced by airborne-based...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint