Articles | Volume 24, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1041-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1041-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
24 Jan 2024
Research article |
| 24 Jan 2024
| 24 Jan 2024
Expanding the simulation of East Asian super dust storms: physical transport mechanisms impacting the western Pacific
Steven Soon-Kai Kong
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
Saginela Ravindra Babu
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
Sheng-Hsiang Wang
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
Stephen M. Griffith
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
Jackson Hian-Wui Chang
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
Preparatory Center for Science and Technology, University Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
Ming-Tung Chuang
Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
Center for Environmental Monitoring and Technology, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
Neng-Huei Lin
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
Center for Environmental Monitoring and Technology, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
Related authors
Steven Soon-Kai Kong, Joshua S. Fu, Neng-Huei Lin, Guey-Rong Sheu, and Wei-Syun Huang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 7245–7268, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7245-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7245-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The accuracy of the chemical transport model, a key focus of our research, is strongly dependent on the dry deposition parameterization. Our findings show that the refined CMAQ dust model correlated well with ground-based and high-altitude in situ measurements by implementing the suggested dry deposition schemes. Furthermore, we reveal the mixing state of two types of aerosols at the upper level, a finding supported by both the optimized model and measurements.
Jackson Hian-Wui Chang, Stephen M. Griffith, Steven Soon-Kai Kong, Ming-Tung Chuang, and Neng-Huei Lin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6357–6382, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6357-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6357-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A novel CMAQ–PMF-based composite index is developed to identify the key VOC source species for an effective ozone abatement strategy. The index provides information as to which VOC species are key to ozone formation and where to reduce sources of these VOC species. Using the composite index, we recommended the VOC control measures in southern Taiwan should prioritize solvent usage, vehicle emissions, and the petrochemical industry.
Saginela Ravindra Babu, Chang-Feng Ou-Yang, Stephen M. Griffith, Shantanu Kumar Pani, Steven Soon-Kai Kong, and Neng-Huei Lin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4727–4740, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4727-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4727-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In October 2006 and 2015, extensive fire episodes occurred in Indonesia, releasing an enormous amount of CO emissions. By combining in situ and satellite CO measurements and reanalysis products, we reported plausible transport pathways of CO from Indonesia to the Lulin Atmospheric Background Station (LABS; 23.47° N, 120.87° E; 2862 m a.s.l.) in Taiwan. We identified (i) horizontal transport in the free troposphere and (ii) vertical transport through the Hadley circulation.
Maggie Chel-Gee Ooi, Ming-Tung Chuang, Joshua S. Fu, Steven S. Kong, Wei-Syun Huang, Sheng-Hsiang Wang, Sittichai Pimonsree, Andy Chan, Shantanu Kumar Pani, and Neng-Huei Lin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 12521–12541, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12521-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12521-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
There is very limited local modeling effort in Southeast Asia, where haze is an annually recurring threat. In this work, the accuracy of haze prediction is improved not only at the burning source but also at the downwind site in northern Southeast Asia to highlight the influence of trans-boundary haze, which is often regional. The burning haze is carried to the populated west of Taiwan via several mechanisms, with the most severe conditions related to the boreal winter pressure system.
Ming-Tung Chuang, Maggie Chel Gee Ooi, Neng-Huei Lin, Joshua S. Fu, Chung-Te Lee, Sheng-Hsiang Wang, Ming-Cheng Yen, Steven Soon-Kai Kong, and Wei-Syun Huang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 14947–14967, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-14947-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-14947-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This study evaluated the impact of Asian haze from the three biggest industrial regions on Taiwan and analyzed the process during transport. The production and removal process revealed the mechanisms of long-range transport. This is the first time that the brute force method and process analysis technique has been applied in a Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System. Also, this study simulated the interesting transboundary transport of pollutants from southern mainland China to Taiwan.
Duy-Hieu Nguyen, Hsin-Cheng Hsieh, Mao-Chang Liang, Neng-Huei Lin, Chieh-Heng Wang, and Jia-Lin Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4090, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4090, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
Using year-round, high-frequency non-methane hydrocarbons measurements from three monitoring sites, each with distinct source–receptor characteristics, this study applied the source apportionment model to resolve eight sources and assess ozone-forming potential. Distinct acetylene plumes at Linyuan (R² > 0.99) provided an internal consistency check. Results reveal spatial–seasonal source variability and highlight the roles of petroleum, mixed, and aged air sources in ozone formation management.
Saginela Ravindra Babu and Neng-Huei Lin
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4223, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4223, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates record-breaking aerosol loading over the South China Sea in April 2023, driven by intense biomass burning in Laos and Myanmar. Using satellite and reanalysis data, we show that compound climate extremes and circulation anomalies enhanced fire activity and altered smoke transport, leading to severe transboundary pollution. The findings highlight links between climate variability, aerosols, and regional air quality in Southeast Asia.
Po-Hsun Lin, Sheng-Hsiang Wang, Otto Klemm, and Neng-Huei Lin
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3777, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3777, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
This study used in-situ observations to explore how long-range transported biomass-burning aerosols affect the development of warm clouds in Southeast Asia. Our findings provide evidence of the nonlinear responses of cloud systems to absorbing aerosols. When liquid water is relatively abundant compared to aerosol concentration, increased aerosols tend to enhance droplet formation; otherwise, aerosols may suppress cloud development by altering the surrounding environment.
Steven Soon-Kai Kong, Joshua S. Fu, Neng-Huei Lin, Guey-Rong Sheu, and Wei-Syun Huang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 7245–7268, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7245-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7245-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The accuracy of the chemical transport model, a key focus of our research, is strongly dependent on the dry deposition parameterization. Our findings show that the refined CMAQ dust model correlated well with ground-based and high-altitude in situ measurements by implementing the suggested dry deposition schemes. Furthermore, we reveal the mixing state of two types of aerosols at the upper level, a finding supported by both the optimized model and measurements.
Kai-I Lin, Kao-Shen Chung, Sheng-Hsiang Wang, Li-Hsin Chen, Yu-Chieng Liou, Pay-Liam Lin, Wei-Yu Chang, Hsien-Jung Chiu, and Yi-Hui Chang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10423–10438, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10423-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10423-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study develops a hybrid microphysics scheme to enable the complex model simulation of cloud seeding based on observational cloud condensation nuclei size distribution. Our results show that more precipitation can be developed in the scenarios seeding in the in-cloud region, and seeding over an area of tens km2 is the most efficient strategy due to the strengthening of the accretion process. Moreover, particles bigger than 0.4 μm are the main factor contributing to cloud-seeding effects.
Jackson Hian-Wui Chang, Stephen M. Griffith, Steven Soon-Kai Kong, Ming-Tung Chuang, and Neng-Huei Lin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6357–6382, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6357-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6357-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A novel CMAQ–PMF-based composite index is developed to identify the key VOC source species for an effective ozone abatement strategy. The index provides information as to which VOC species are key to ozone formation and where to reduce sources of these VOC species. Using the composite index, we recommended the VOC control measures in southern Taiwan should prioritize solvent usage, vehicle emissions, and the petrochemical industry.
Saginela Ravindra Babu, Chang-Feng Ou-Yang, Stephen M. Griffith, Shantanu Kumar Pani, Steven Soon-Kai Kong, and Neng-Huei Lin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4727–4740, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4727-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4727-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In October 2006 and 2015, extensive fire episodes occurred in Indonesia, releasing an enormous amount of CO emissions. By combining in situ and satellite CO measurements and reanalysis products, we reported plausible transport pathways of CO from Indonesia to the Lulin Atmospheric Background Station (LABS; 23.47° N, 120.87° E; 2862 m a.s.l.) in Taiwan. We identified (i) horizontal transport in the free troposphere and (ii) vertical transport through the Hadley circulation.
Ukkyo Jeong, Si-Chee Tsay, N. Christina Hsu, David M. Giles, John W. Cooper, Jaehwa Lee, Robert J. Swap, Brent N. Holben, James J. Butler, Sheng-Hsiang Wang, Somporn Chantara, Hyunkee Hong, Donghee Kim, and Jhoon Kim
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 11957–11986, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11957-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11957-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Ultraviolet (UV) measurements from satellite and ground are important for deriving information on several atmospheric trace and aerosol characteristics. Simultaneous retrievals of aerosol and trace gases in this study suggest that water uptake by aerosols is one of the important phenomena affecting aerosol properties over northern Thailand, which is important for regional air quality and climate. Obtained aerosol properties covering the UV are also important for various satellite algorithms.
Varaha Ravi Kiran, Madineni Venkat Ratnam, Masatomo Fujiwara, Herman Russchenberg, Frank G. Wienhold, Bomidi Lakshmi Madhavan, Mekalathur Roja Raman, Renju Nandan, Sivan Thankamani Akhil Raj, Alladi Hemanth Kumar, and Saginela Ravindra Babu
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 4709–4734, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4709-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4709-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We proposed and conducted the multi-instrumental BACIS (Balloon-borne Aerosol–Cloud Interaction Studies) field campaigns using balloon-borne in situ measurements and ground-based and space-borne remote sensing instruments. Aerosol-cloud interaction is quantified for liquid clouds by segregating aerosol and cloud information in a balloon profile. Overall, the observational approach proposed here demonstrated its capability for understanding the aerosol–cloud interaction process.
Clémence Rose, Martine Collaud Coen, Elisabeth Andrews, Yong Lin, Isaline Bossert, Cathrine Lund Myhre, Thomas Tuch, Alfred Wiedensohler, Markus Fiebig, Pasi Aalto, Andrés Alastuey, Elisabeth Alonso-Blanco, Marcos Andrade, Begoña Artíñano, Todor Arsov, Urs Baltensperger, Susanne Bastian, Olaf Bath, Johan Paul Beukes, Benjamin T. Brem, Nicolas Bukowiecki, Juan Andrés Casquero-Vera, Sébastien Conil, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Olivier Favez, Harald Flentje, Maria I. Gini, Francisco Javier Gómez-Moreno, Martin Gysel-Beer, Anna Gannet Hallar, Ivo Kalapov, Nikos Kalivitis, Anne Kasper-Giebl, Melita Keywood, Jeong Eun Kim, Sang-Woo Kim, Adam Kristensson, Markku Kulmala, Heikki Lihavainen, Neng-Huei Lin, Hassan Lyamani, Angela Marinoni, Sebastiao Martins Dos Santos, Olga L. Mayol-Bracero, Frank Meinhardt, Maik Merkel, Jean-Marc Metzger, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, Jakub Ondracek, Marco Pandolfi, Noemi Pérez, Tuukka Petäjä, Jean-Eudes Petit, David Picard, Jean-Marc Pichon, Veronique Pont, Jean-Philippe Putaud, Fabienne Reisen, Karine Sellegri, Sangeeta Sharma, Gerhard Schauer, Patrick Sheridan, James Patrick Sherman, Andreas Schwerin, Ralf Sohmer, Mar Sorribas, Junying Sun, Pierre Tulet, Ville Vakkari, Pieter Gideon van Zyl, Fernando Velarde, Paolo Villani, Stergios Vratolis, Zdenek Wagner, Sheng-Hsiang Wang, Kay Weinhold, Rolf Weller, Margarita Yela, Vladimir Zdimal, and Paolo Laj
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 17185–17223, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17185-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17185-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol particles are a complex component of the atmospheric system the effects of which are among the most uncertain in climate change projections. Using data collected at 62 stations, this study provides the most up-to-date picture of the spatial distribution of particle number concentration and size distribution worldwide, with the aim of contributing to better representation of aerosols and their interactions with clouds in models and, therefore, better evaluation of their impact on climate.
Maggie Chel-Gee Ooi, Ming-Tung Chuang, Joshua S. Fu, Steven S. Kong, Wei-Syun Huang, Sheng-Hsiang Wang, Sittichai Pimonsree, Andy Chan, Shantanu Kumar Pani, and Neng-Huei Lin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 12521–12541, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12521-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12521-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
There is very limited local modeling effort in Southeast Asia, where haze is an annually recurring threat. In this work, the accuracy of haze prediction is improved not only at the burning source but also at the downwind site in northern Southeast Asia to highlight the influence of trans-boundary haze, which is often regional. The burning haze is carried to the populated west of Taiwan via several mechanisms, with the most severe conditions related to the boreal winter pressure system.
Saginela Ravindra Babu, Madineni Venkat Ratnam, Ghouse Basha, Shantanu Kumar Pani, and Neng-Huei Lin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 5533–5547, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5533-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5533-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The present study explores the detailed structure, dynamics, and trace gas variability in the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone (ASMA) in the extreme El Niño of 2015/16. The results find the structure of the ASMA shows strong spatial variability between July and August. A West Pacific mode of the anticyclone is noticed in August. A significant lowering of tropospheric tracers and strong increase in stratospheric tracers are found. The tropopause temperatures also exhibit a warming in the ASMA.
Ying-Chieh Chen, Sheng-Hsiang Wang, Qilong Min, Sarah Lu, Pay-Liam Lin, Neng-Huei Lin, Kao-Shan Chung, and Everette Joseph
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 4487–4502, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4487-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4487-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we integrate satellite and surface observations to statistically quantify aerosol impacts on low-level warm-cloud microphysics and drizzle over northern Taiwan. Our result provides observational evidence for aerosol indirect effects. The frequency of drizzle is reduced under polluted conditions. For light-precipitation events (≤ 1 mm h-1), however, higher aerosol concentrations drive raindrops toward smaller sizes and thus increase the appearance of the drizzle drops.
Ming-Tung Chuang, Maggie Chel Gee Ooi, Neng-Huei Lin, Joshua S. Fu, Chung-Te Lee, Sheng-Hsiang Wang, Ming-Cheng Yen, Steven Soon-Kai Kong, and Wei-Syun Huang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 14947–14967, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-14947-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-14947-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This study evaluated the impact of Asian haze from the three biggest industrial regions on Taiwan and analyzed the process during transport. The production and removal process revealed the mechanisms of long-range transport. This is the first time that the brute force method and process analysis technique has been applied in a Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System. Also, this study simulated the interesting transboundary transport of pollutants from southern mainland China to Taiwan.
Cited articles
Appel, K. W., Pouliot, G. A., Simon, H., Sarwar, G., Pye, H. O. T., Napelenok, S. L., Akhtar, F., and Roselle, S. J.: Evaluation of dust and trace metal estimates from the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model version 5.0, Geosci. Model Dev., 6, 883–899, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-6-883-2013, 2013.
Bian, H., Tie, X., Cao, J., Ying, Z., Han, S., and Xue, Y.: Analysis of a severe dust storm event over China: Application of the WRF-dust model, Aerosol Air Qual. Res., 11, 419–428, https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2011.04.0053, 2011.
Chen, C., Mao, Z., Tang, F., Han, G., and Jiang, Y.: Declining riverine sediment input impact on spring phytoplankton bloom off the Yangtze River Estuary from 17-year satellite observation, Cont. Shelf Res., 135, 86–91, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2017.01.012, 2017.
Chen, S., Huang, J., Kang, L., Wang, H., Ma, X., He, Y., Yuan, T., Yang, B., Huang, Z., and Zhang, G.: Emission, transport, and radiative effects of mineral dust from the Taklimakan and Gobi deserts: comparison of measurements and model results, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 2401–2421, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2401-2017, 2017.
Chien, F.-C. and Kuo, Y.-H.: Topographic Effects on a Wintertime Cold Front in Taiwan, Mon. Weather Rev., 134, 3297–3316, https://doi.org/10.1175/mwr3255.1, 2006.
Chow, K. C., Su, L., Fung, J. C. H., Ma, H., and Lau, A. K. H.: Numerical modeling of a strong dust event over the south China region in March 2010, Meteorol. Atmos. Phys., 126, 119–138, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00703-014-0338-0, 2014.
Chuang, M. T., Fu, J. S., Jang, C. J., Chan, C. C., Ni, P. C., and Lee, C. T.: Simulation of long-range transport aerosols from the Asian Continent to Taiwan by a Southward Asian high-pressure system, Sci. Total. Environ., 406, 168–179, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.07.003, 2008.
Dong, X., Fu, J. S., Huang, K., Tong, D., and Zhuang, G.: Model development of dust emission and heterogeneous chemistry within the Community Multiscale Air Quality modeling system and its application over East Asia, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 8157–8180, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-8157-2016, 2016.
Dong, X., Fu, J. S., Huang, K., Zhu, Q., and Tipton, M.: Regional Climate Effects of Biomass Burning and Dust in East Asia: Evidence From Modeling and Observation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 46, 11490–11499, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL083894, 2019.
Duce, R. A., Liss, P. S., Merrill, J. T., Atlas, E. L., BuatMenard, P., Hicks, B. B., Miller, J. M., Prospero, J. M., Arimoto, R., Church, T. M., Ellis, W., Galloway, J. N., Hansen, L., Jickells, T. D., Knap, A. H., Reinhardt, K. H., Schneider, B., Soudine, A., Tokos, J. J., Tsunogai, S., Wollast, R., and Zhou, M.: The atmospheric input of trace species to the world ocean, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 5, 193–259, https://doi.org/10.1029/91GB01778, 1991.
Emery, C., Tai, E., and Yarwood, G.: Enhanced meteorological modeling and performance evaluation for two Texas ozone episodes, Prepared for the Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission, Prepared by ENVIRON International Corp, Novato, CA, 2001.
Foroutan, H., Young, J., Napelenok, S., Ran, L., Appel, K. W., Gilliam, R. C., and Pleim, J. E.: Development and evaluation of a physics-based wind blown dust emission scheme implemented in the CMAQ modelling system, J. Adv. Model. Earth Sy., 9, 585–608, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016MS000823, 2017.
Gelaro, R., McCarty, W., Suárez, M. J., Todling, R., Molod, A., Takacs, L., Randles, C. A., Darmenov, A., Bosilovich, M. G., Reichle, R., Wargan, K., Coy, L., Cullather, R., Draper, C., Akella, S., Buchard, V., Conaty, A., da Silva, A. M., Gu, W., Kim, G. K., Koster, R., Lucchesi, R., Merkova, D., Nielsen, J. E., Partyka, G., Pawson, S., Putman, W., Rienecker, M., Schubert, S. D., Sienkiewicz, M., and Zhao, B.: The modern-era retrospective analysis for research and applications, version 2 (MERRA-2), J. Climate, 30, 5419–5454, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0758.1, 2017 (data available at: https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov, last access: 8 June 2023).
Griffin, D. and Kellogg, C.: Dust Storms and Their Impact on Ocean and Human Health: Dust in Earth's Atmosphere, EcoHealth, 1, 284–295, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-004-0120-8, 2004.
Guenther, A. B., Jiang, X., Heald, C. L., Sakulyanontvittaya, T., Duhl, T., Emmons, L. K., and Wang, X.: The Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature version 2.1 (MEGAN2.1): an extended and updated framework for modeling biogenic emissions, Geosci. Model Dev., 5, 1471–1492, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-5-1471-2012, 2012.
Gui, K., Yao, W., Che, H., An, L., Zheng, Y., Li, L., Zhao, H., Zhang, L., Zhong, J., Wang, Y., and Zhang, X.: Record-breaking dust loading during two mega dust storm events over northern China in March 2021: aerosol optical and radiative properties and meteorological drivers, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 7905–7932, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7905-2022, 2022.
Guo, J., Lou, M., Miao, Y., Wang, Y., Zeng, Z., Liu, H., He, J., Xu, H., Wang, F., Min, M., and Zhai, P.: Trans-Paci fi c transport of dust aerosols from East Asia: Insights gained from multiple observations and modeling, Environ. Pollut., 230, 1030–1039, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.062, 2017.
Han, X., Ge, C., Tao, J., Zhang, M., and Zhang, R.: Air quality modeling for a strong dust event in East Asia in March 2010, Aerosol Air Qual. Res., 12, 615–628, https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2011.11.0191, 2012.
He, Y., Yi, F., Yin, Z., Liu, F., Yi, Y., and Zhou, J.: Mega Asian dust event over China on 27–31 March 2021 observed with space-borne instruments and ground-based polarization lidar, Atmos. Environ., 285, 119238, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119238, 2022.
Huang, J., Wang, T., Wang, W., Li, Z., and Yan, H.: Climate effects of dust aerosols over East Asian arid and semiarid regions, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 119, 398–416, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD021796, 2014.
Huffman, G. J., Stocker, E. F., Bolvin, D. T., Nelkin, E. J., and Jackson, T.: GPM IMERG Final Precipitation L3 1 day 0.1 degree × 0.1 degree V07, edited by: Savtchenko, A., Greenbelt, MD, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC) [data set], https://doi.org/10.5067/GPM/IMERGDF/DAY/07, 2023.
Jiang, N., Dong, Z., Xu, Y., Yu, F., Yin, S., Zhang, R., and Tang, X.: Characterization of PM10 and PM2.5 source profiles of fugitive dust in Zhengzhou, China, Aerosol Air Qual. Res., 18, 314–329, https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2017.04.0132, 2018.
Jin, J., Pang, M., Segers, A., Han, W., Fang, L., Li, B., Feng, H., Lin, H. X., and Liao, H.: Inverse modeling of the 2021 spring super dust storms in East Asia, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 6393–6410, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6393-2022, 2022.
Jing, Y., Zhang, P., Chen, L., and Xu, N.: Integrated analysis of dust transport and budget in a severe asian dust event, Aerosol Air Qual. Res., 17, 2390–2400, https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2017.05.0170, 2017.
Kong, S. S.-K., Fu, J. S., Dong, X., Chuang, M.-T., Chel, M., Ooi, G., Huang, W.-S., Griffith, S. M., Kumar, S., and Lin, N.-H.: Sensitivity analysis of the dust emission treatment in CMAQv5.2.1 and its application to long-range transport over East Asia, Atmos. Environ., 257, 118441, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118441, 2021.
Kong, S. S.-K., Pani, S. K., Griffith, S. M., Ou-Yang, C.-F., Babu, S. R., Chuang, M.-T., Ooi, M. C. G., Huang, W.-S., Sheu, G.-R., and Lin, N.-H.: Distinct transport mechanisms of East Asian dust and the impact on downwind marine and atmospheric environments, Sci. Total Environ., 827, 154255, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154255, 2022.
Lam, Y. F., Cheung, H. M., and Ying, C. C.: Impact of tropical cyclone track change on regional air quality, Sci. Total Environ., 610–611, 1347–1355, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.100, 2018.
Li, J., Han, Z., Zhang, R., and Asia, E.: Model study of atmospheric particulates during dust storm period in March 2010 over East Asia, Atmos. Environ., 45, 3954–3964, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.04.068, 2011.
Li, M., Zhang, Q., Kurokawa, J.-I., Woo, J.-H., He, K., Lu, Z., Ohara, T., Song, Y., Streets, D. G., Carmichael, G. R., Cheng, Y., Hong, C., Huo, H., Jiang, X., Kang, S., Liu, F., Su, H., and Zheng, B.: MIX: a mosaic Asian anthropogenic emission inventory under the international collaboration framework of the MICS-Asia and HTAP, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 935–963, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-935-2017, 2017.
Liang, L., Han, Z., Li, J., Xia, X., Sun, Y., Liao, H., Liu, R., and Liang, M.: Emission , transport , deposition , chemical and radiative impacts of mineral dust during severe dust storm periods in March 2021 over East Asia, Sci. Total Environ., 852, 158459, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158459, 2022.
Lin, C.-Y., Hsu, H.-m., Sheng, Y.-F., Kuo, C.-H., and Liou, Y.-A.: Mesoscale processes for super heavy rainfall of Typhoon Morakot (2009) over Southern Taiwan, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 345–361, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-345-2011, 2011.
Lin, C.-Y., Sheng, Y.-F., Chen, W.-N., Wang, Z., Kuo, C.-H., Chen, W.-C., and Yang, T.: The impact of channel effect on Asian dust transport dynamics: a case in southeastern Asia, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 271–285, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-271-2012, 2012.
Lin, C.-Y., Sheng, Y.-F., Chen, W.-C., Chou, C. C. K., Chien, Y.-Y., and Chen, W.-M.: Air quality deterioration episode associated with a typhoon over the complex topographic environment in central Taiwan, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16893–16910, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16893-2021, 2021.
Lin, N.-H., Tsay, S.-C., Maring, H. B., Yen, M.-C., Sheu, G.- R., Wang, S.-H., Chi, K. H., Chuang, M.-T., Ou-Yang, C.- F., Fu, J. S., Reid, J. S., Lee, C.-T., Wang, L.-C., Wang, J.- L., Hsu, C. N., Sayer, A. M., Holben, B. N., Chu, Y.- C., Nguyen, X. A., Sopajaree, K., Chen, S.-J., Cheng, M.- T., Tsuang, B.-J., Tsai, C.-J., Peng, C.-M., Schnell, R. C., Conway, T., Chang, C.-T., Lin, K.-S., Tsai, Y. I., Lee, W.- J., Chang, S.-C., Liu, J.-J., Chiang, W.-L., Huang, S.-J., Lin, T.-H., and Liu, G.-R.: An overview of regional experiments on biomass burning aerosols and related pollutants in Southeast Asia: From BASE-ASIA and the Dongsha Experiment to 7-SEAS, Atmos. Environ., 78, 1–19, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.04.066, 2013.
Liu, S., Xing, J., Sahu, S. K., Liu, X., Liu, S., Jiang, Y., Zhang, H., Li, S., Ding, D., Chang, X., and Wang, S.: Wind-blown dust and its impacts on particulate matter pollution in Northern China: Current and future scenarios, Environ. Res. Lett., 16, 114041, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac31ec, 2021.
Park, S., Choe, A., and Park, M.: A simulation of Asian dust events in March 2010 by using the ADAM2 model, Theor. Appl. Climatol., 107, 491–503, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-011-0494-9, 2012.
Platnick, S., Hubanks, P., Meyer, K., and King, M. D.: MODIS Atmosphere L3 Monthly Product (08_L3), NASA MODIS Adaptive Processing System, Goddard Space Flight Center [data set], https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MYD08_M3.006, 2015.
Shao, Y. and Dong, C. H.: A review on East Asian dust storm climate, modelling and monitoring, Global Planet. Change, 52, 1–22, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2006.02.011, 2006.
Song, L., Bi, X., Zhang, Z., Li, L., Dai, Q., Zhang, W., Li, H., Wang, X., Liang, D., and Feng, Y.: Impact of sand and dust storms on the atmospheric environment anits source in tianjin- china, Sci. Total Environ., 825, 153980, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153980, 2022.
Song, P., Fei, J., Li, C., and Huang, X.: Simulation of an Asian Dust Storm Event in May 2017, Atmosphere, 10, 135, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10030135, 2019.
Sullivan, H.: Beijing hit by third sandstorm in five weeks, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/apr/16/beijing-hit-by-third-sandstorm-in-just-over-a-month (last access: 25 June 2021).
Tan, S., Li, J., Che, H., Chen, B., and Wang, H.: Transport of East Asian dust storms to the marginal seas of China and the southern North Pacific in spring 2010, Atmos. Environ., 148, 316–328, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.10.054, 2017.
Tang, W., Dai, T., Cheng, Y., Wang, S., and Liu, Y.: A Study of a Severe Spring Dust Event in 2021 over East Asia with WRF-Chem and Multiple Platforms of Observations, Remote Sens.-Basel, 14, 3795, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14153795, 2022.
Uno, I., Osada, K., Yumimoto, K., Wang, Z., Itahashi, S., Pan, X., Hara, Y., Yamamoto, S., and Nishizawa, T.: Importance of long-range nitrate transport based on long-term observation and modeling of dust and pollutants over East Asia, Aerosol Air Qual. Res., 17, 3052–3064, https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2016.11.0494, 2017.
Vukovich, J. and Pierce, T.: The Implementation of BEIS3 within the SMOKE modeling framework, Proc. 11th International Emission Inventory Conference: Emission Inventories – Partnering for the Future, Atlanta, GA, US EPA, CD-ROM, 10.7, 2002.
Wang, J., Gui, H., An, L., Hua, C., Zhang, T., and Zhang, B.: Modeling for the source apportionments of PM10 during sand and dust storms over East Asia in 2020, Atmos. Environ., 267, 118768, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118768, 2021.
Wang, S., Tsay, S., Lin, N., Hsu, N. C., Bell, S. W., Li, C., Ji, Q., Jeong, M., Hansell, R. A., Welton, E. J., Holben, B. N., Sheu, G., Chu, Y., Chang, S., Liu, J., and Chiang, W.: First detailed observations of long-range transported dust over the northern South China Sea, Atmos. Environ., 45, 4804–4808, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.04.077, 2011.
Wang, S. H., Hsu, N. C., Tsay, S. C., Lin, N. H., Sayer, A. M., Huang, S. J., and Lau, W. K. M.: Can Asian dust trigger phytoplankton blooms in the oligotrophic northern South China Sea?, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L05811, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL050415, 2012.
Yao, W., Gui, K., Wang, Y., Che, H., and Zhang, X.: Identifying the dominant local factors of 2000–2019 changes in dust loading over East Asia, Sci. Total Environ., 777, 146064, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146064, 2021.
Yu, C., Kamboj, S., Wang, C., and Cheng, J.: Data Collection Handbook to Support Modeling Impacts of Radioactive Material in Soil and Building Structures, Alexandria, VA: Argonne National Laboratory, https://doi.org/10.2172/1224969, 2015.
Zhao, J., Zhang, F., Xu, Y., Chen, J., Yin, L., Shang, X., and Xu, L.: Chemical Characteristics of Particulate Matter during a Heavy Dust Episode in a Coastal City, Xiamen, 2010, Aerosol Air Qual. Res., 299–308, https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2010.09.0073, 2011.
Short summary
In this study, we combined ground observations from 7-SEAS Dongsha Experiment, MERRA-2 reanalysis, and MODIS satellite images for evaluation and improvement of the CMAQ dust model for cases of East Asian Dust reaching the Taiwan region, including Dongsha in the western Pacific. We proposed a better CMAQ dust treatment over East Asia and for the first time revealed the impact of typhoons on dust transport.
In this study, we combined ground observations from 7-SEAS Dongsha Experiment, MERRA-2...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint