Articles | Volume 17, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-4769-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-4769-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
12 Apr 2017
Research article |
| 12 Apr 2017
Emission factors and light absorption properties of brown carbon from household coal combustion in China
Jianzhong Sun
Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological
Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,
Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,
Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
Regina Hitzenberger
University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090
Vienna, Austria
Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological
Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Key
Laboratory of Cities' Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change, College
of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai
200092, China
Chongguo Tian
Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological
Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
Yayun Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,
Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum,
Beijing 102249, China
Yanli Feng
Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of
Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai
200444, China
Miaomiao Cheng
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,
Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
Yuzhe Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,
Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum,
Beijing 102249, China
Jing Cai
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of
Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
Feng Chen
Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of
Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai
200444, China
Yiqin Qiu
Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of
Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai
200444, China
Zhiming Jiang
Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of
Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai
200444, China
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of
Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
Gan Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of
Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
Yangzhi Mo
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of
Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-5498, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-5498, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
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Xiaocong Peng, Wei Song, Guohua Zhang, Qinhao Lin, Jianlin Cheng, Yang Li, Xinru Huang, Baoyi Chen, Jianzhong Song, Yingjun Chen, Gan Zhang, Ping’an Peng, Xinming Wang, and Xinhui Bi
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This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
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Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 13303–13318, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-13303-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-13303-2026, 2026
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Yuchen Li, Zheng Zong, Xiaoping Wang, Xiaolan Shi, Zeyu Sun, Zhineng Cheng, Ziyang Zhang, Xuehua Yin, Zhifeng Lou, Rong Sun, Roland Kallenborn, and Chongguo Tian
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Long-term measurements at Tuoji Island show that fine-particle pollution in coastal North China is not characterised solely by mass decline under emission controls. Primary-combustion and sulfate signals weakened, but nitrate was increasingly amplified in high-PM2.5 samples, pointing to a growing need for coordinated control of NOx and NH3, with attention to VOC-related oxidation chemistry and humid cold-season conditions.
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Water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) in coastal aerosols is critical for atmospheric chemistry and climate processes. This Bangkok study found sea-spray aerosol (SSA) is an important contributor to coastal aerosol WSON under marine air, its contribution surging from 3.8 % (continental) to 34 %. SSA-associated WSON strongly correlated (r=0.96) with trajectory-based air-mass exposure to chlorophyll-a, which is consistent with marine-biogenic enhancement.
Chongguo Tian, Xuehua Yin, Xuena Yang, Xiaoxia Yu, Zhengjie Li, Zheng Zong, Xinpeng Tian, Yuchen Li, Roland Kallenborn, and Yi-Fan Li
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This study explores the neglected role of atmospheric deposition in δ15N4a-3s (δ15N difference between NH4+ and source NH3), a key parameter in atmospheric NH4+ source tracing. We develop an integrated model coupling these two processes and find that the difference in δ15N4a-3s between the combined effect and the pure fractionation scenario increases with f (NH4+/NHx molar ratio). This work provides a new idea for precise NH4+ source partitioning.
Pingyang Li, Boji Lin, Zhineng Cheng, Jing Li, Jun Li, Duohong Chen, Tao Zhang, Run Lin, Sanyuan Zhu, Jun Liu, Yujun Lin, Shizhen Zhao, Guangcai Zhong, Zhenchuan Niu, Ping Ding, and Gan Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 5085–5122, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-5085-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-5085-2026, 2026
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Our study indicates fossil fuel CO2 (CO2ff) reductions in Chinese megacities via atmospheric Δ(14CO2) and δ(13CO2) measurements, driven by coal-to-gas transitions and combustion efficiency improvement. The 24-year record show steeper declined urban RCO/CO2ff ratios than inventory estimates, implying underestimation of efficiency improvements and CO reductions. Integrating top-down observations with inventories is critical to track policy-driven emission shifts and optimize co-benefit strategies.
Hongxing Jiang, Yuanghang Deng, Yunxi Huo, Fengwen Wang, Yingjun Chen, and Hai Guo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 13711–13727, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-13711-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-13711-2025, 2025
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Tao Cao, Cuncun Xu, Hao Chen, Jianzhong Song, Jun Li, Haiyan Song, Bin Jiang, Yin Zhong, and Ping'an Peng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 11597–11610, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-11597-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-11597-2025, 2025
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Yanjie Lu, Xinxin Feng, Yanli Feng, Minjun Jiang, Yu Peng, Tian Chen, and Yingjun Chen
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Oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) are important ozone (O3) precursors. However, most O3 formation analysis based on the box model (OBM) does not include any OVOC constraint. To access the interference of OVOCs with O3 simulation, this study presents results from a field campaign and OBM analysis. Our results indicate that no OVOC constraint in the OBM can lead to overestimation of OVOCs, free radicals, and O3.
Binyu Xiao, Fan Zhang, Zeyu Liu, Yan Zhang, Rui Li, Can Wu, Xinyi Wan, Yi Wang, Yubao Chen, Yong Han, Min Cui, Libo Zhang, Yingjun Chen, and Gehui Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 7053–7069, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7053-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7053-2025, 2025
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Intermediate-volatility/semi-volatile organic compounds in gas and particle phases from ship exhausts are enhanced due to the switch of fuels from low sulfur to ultra-low sulfur. The findings indicate that optimization is necessary for the forthcoming global implementation of an ultra-low-sulfur oil policy. Besides, we find that organic diagnostic markers of hopanes in conjunction with the ratio of octadecanoic to tetradecanoic could be considered potential tracers for heavy fuel oil exhausts.
Zihan Song, Leiming Zhang, Chongguo Tian, Qiang Fu, Zhenxing Shen, Renjian Zhang, Dong Liu, and Song Cui
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A novel concept integrating crop cycle information into fire spot extraction was proposed. Spatiotemporal variations of open straw burning in Northeast China are revealed. Open straw burning in Northeast China emitted a total of 218 Tg of CO2-eq during 2001–2020. The policy of banning straw burning effectively reduced greenhouse gas emissions.
Fan Zhang, Binyu Xiao, Zeyu Liu, Yan Zhang, Chongguo Tian, Rui Li, Can Wu, Yali Lei, Si Zhang, Xinyi Wan, Yubao Chen, Yong Han, Min Cui, Cheng Huang, Hongli Wang, Yingjun Chen, and Gehui Wang
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Yangzhi Mo, Jun Li, Guangcai Zhong, Sanyuan Zhu, Shizhen Zhao, Jiao Tang, Hongxing Jiang, Zhineng Cheng, Chongguo Tian, Yingjun Chen, and Gan Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7755–7772, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7755-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7755-2024, 2024
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In this study, we found that biomass burning (31.0 %) and coal combustion (31.1 %) were the dominant sources of water-insoluble organic carbon in China, with coal combustion sources exhibiting the strongest light-absorbing capacity. Additionally, we propose a light-absorbing carbonaceous continuum, revealing that components enriched with fossil sources tend to have stronger light-absorbing capacity, higher aromaticity, higher molecular weights, and greater recalcitrance in the atmosphere.
Wenwen Ma, Rong Sun, Xiaoping Wang, Zheng Zong, Shizhen Zhao, Zeyu Sun, Chongguo Tian, Jianhui Tang, Song Cui, Jun Li, and Gan Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1509–1523, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1509-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1509-2024, 2024
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This is the first report of long-term atmospheric PAH monitoring around the Bohai Sea. The results showed that the concentrations of PAHs in the atmosphere around the Bohai Sea decreased from June 2014 to May 2019, especially the concentrations of highly toxic PAHs. This indicates that the contributions from PAH sources changed to a certain extent in different areas, and it also led to reductions in the related health risk and medical costs following pollution prevention and control.
Zeyu Sun, Zheng Zong, Yang Tan, Chongguo Tian, Zeyu Liu, Fan Zhang, Rong Sun, Yingjun Chen, Jun Li, and Gan Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12851–12865, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12851-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12851-2023, 2023
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This is the first report of ship-emitted nitrogen stable isotope composition (δ15N) of nitrogen oxides (NOx). The results showed that δ15N–NOx from ships was −18.5 ± 10.9 ‰ and increased monotonically with tightening emission regulations. The selective catalytic reduction system was the most vital factor. The temporal variation in δ15N–NOx was evaluated and can be used to select suitable δ15N–NOx for a more accurate assessment of the contribution of ship-emitted exhaust to atmospheric NOx.
Xiangyun Zhang, Jun Li, Sanyuan Zhu, Junwen Liu, Ping Ding, Shutao Gao, Chongguo Tian, Yingjun Chen, Ping'an Peng, and Gan Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7495–7502, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7495-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7495-2023, 2023
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The results show that 14C elemental carbon (EC) was not only related to the isolation method but also to the types and proportions of the biomass sources in the sample. The hydropyrolysis (Hypy) method, which can be used to isolate a highly stable portion of ECHypy and avoid charring, is a more effective and stable approach for the matrix-independent 14C quantification of EC in aerosols, and the 13C–ECHypy and non-fossil ECHypy values of SRM1649b were –24.9 ‰ and 11 %, respectively.
Tingting Li, Jun Li, Zeyu Sun, Hongxing Jiang, Chongguo Tian, and Gan Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6395–6407, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6395-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6395-2023, 2023
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N-NH4+ and N-NO3- were vital components in nitrogenous aerosols and contributed 69 % to total nitrogen in PM2.5. Coal combustion was still the most important source of urban atmospheric NO3-. However, the non-agriculture sources play an increasingly important role in NH4+ emissions.
Jiao Tang, Jun Li, Shizhen Zhao, Guangcai Zhong, Yangzhi Mo, Hongxing Jiang, Bin Jiang, Yingjun Chen, Jianhui Tang, Chongguo Tian, Zheng Zong, Jabir Hussain Syed, Jianzhong Song, and Gan Zhang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-403, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-403, 2023
Preprint archived
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This study provides a comprehensive molecular identification of atmospheric common fluorescent components and deciphers their related formation pathways. The fluorescent components varied in molecular composition, and a dominant oxidation pathway for the formation of humic-like fluorescent components was suggested, notwithstanding their different precursor types. Our findings are expected to be helpful to further studies using the EEM-PARAFAC as a tool to study atmospheric BrC.
Tao Cao, Meiju Li, Cuncun Xu, Jianzhong Song, Xingjun Fan, Jun Li, Wanglu Jia, and Ping'an Peng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2613–2625, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2613-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2613-2023, 2023
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This work comprehensively investigated the fluorescence data of light-absorbing organic compounds, water-soluble organic matter in different types of aerosol samples, soil dust, and fulvic and humic acids using an excitation–emission matrix (EEM) method and parallel factor modeling. The results revealed which light-absorbing species can be detected by EEM and also provided important information for identifying the chemical composition and possible sources of these species in atmospheric samples.
Buqing Xu, Jiao Tang, Tiangang Tang, Shizhen Zhao, Guangcai Zhong, Sanyuan Zhu, Jun Li, and Gan Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 1565–1578, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1565-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1565-2023, 2023
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We analyzed compound-specific dual-carbon isotope signatures (Δ14C and δ13C) of dominant secondary organic aerosol (SOA) tracer molecules (i.e., oxalic acid) to investigate the fates of SOAs in the atmosphere at five emission hotspots in China. The results indicated that SOA carbon sources and chemical processes producing SOAs vary spatially and seasonally, and these variations need to be included in Chinese climate projection models and air quality management practices.
Chunlin Zou, Tao Cao, Meiju Li, Jianzhong Song, Bin Jiang, Wanglu Jia, Jun Li, Xiang Ding, Zhiqiang Yu, Gan Zhang, and Ping'an Peng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 963–979, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-963-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-963-2023, 2023
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In this study, PM2.5 samples were obtained during a winter haze event in Guangzhou, China, and light absorption and molecular composition of humic-like substances (HULIS) were investigated by UV–Vis spectrophotometry and ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry. The findings obtained present some differences from the results reported in other regions of China and significantly enhanced our understanding of HULIS evolution during haze bloom-decay processes in the subtropic region of southern China.
Hongxing Jiang, Jun Li, Jiao Tang, Min Cui, Shizhen Zhao, Yangzhi Mo, Chongguo Tian, Xiangyun Zhang, Bin Jiang, Yuhong Liao, Yingjun Chen, and Gan Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 6919–6935, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6919-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6919-2022, 2022
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We conducted field observation employing Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry to characterize the molecular composition and major formation pathways or sources of organosulfur compounds in Guangzhou, where is heavily influenced by biogenic–anthropogenic interactions and has high relative humidity and temperature. We suggested that heterogeneous reactions such as SO2 uptake and heterogeneous oxidations are important to the molecular variations of organosulfur compounds.
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Short summary
This paper investigates the emission factors and the light absorption properties of brown carbon (BrC) from China’s household coal burning. Seven coals of various ranks were burned in four typical stoves as both chunk and briquette styles. The optical integrating sphere (IS) method was employed to quantify BrC and black carbon (BC). We conclude that, in the scenario of current household coal burning in China, solar light absorption by BrC accounts for 26.5 % of the total absorption.
This paper investigates the emission factors and the light absorption properties of brown carbon...
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