Articles | Volume 24, issue 18
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10815-2024
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10815-2024
Research article
 | 
26 Sep 2024
Research article |  | 26 Sep 2024

Two distinct ship emission profiles for organic-sulfate source apportionment of PM in sulfur emission control areas

Kirsten N. Fossum, Chunshui Lin, Niall O'Sullivan, Lu Lei, Stig Hellebust, Darius Ceburnis, Aqeel Afzal, Anja Tremper, David Green, Srishti Jain, Steigvilė Byčenkienė, Colin O'Dowd, John Wenger, and Jurgita Ovadnevaite

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Subject: Aerosols | Research Activity: Field Measurements | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
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Cited articles

Agrawal, H., Eden, R., Zhang, X., Fine, P. M., Katzenstein, A., Miller, J. W., Ospital, J., Teffera, S., and Cocker III, D. R.: Primary Particulate Matter from Ocean-Going Engines in the Southern California Air Basin, Environ. Sci. Technol., 43, 5398–5402, https://doi.org/10.1021/es8035016, 2009. 
Anders, L., Schade, J., Rosewig, E. I., Kroeger-Badge, T., Irsig, R., Jeong, S., Bendl, J., Saraji-Bozorgzad, M., Huang, J.-H., Zhang, F.-Y., Wang, C. C., Adam, T., Sklorz, M., Etzien, U., Buchholz, B., Czech, H., Streibel, T., Passig, J., and Zimmermann, R.: Detection of Ship Emissions from Distillate Fuel Operation via Single-Particle Profiling of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Environmental Science: Atmospheres, 3, 1134–1144, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3EA00056G, 2023. 
Anderson, M., Salo, K., Hallquist, Å. M., and Fridell, E.: Characterization of particles from a marine engine operating at low loads, Atmos. Environ., 101, 65–71, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.11.009, 2015. 
Canonaco, F., Crippa, M., Slowik, J. G., Baltensperger, U., and Prévôt, A. S. H.: SoFi, an IGOR-based interface for the efficient use of the generalized multilinear engine (ME-2) for the source apportionment: ME-2 application to aerosol mass spectrometer data, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 6, 3649–3661, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-3649-2013, 2013. 
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The chemical composition and sources of submicron aerosol in the Dublin Port area were investigated over a month-long campaign. Two distinct types of ship emissions were identified and characterised: sulfate-rich plumes from the use of heavy fuel oil with scrubbers and organic-rich plumes from the use of low-sulfur fuels. The latter were more frequent, emitting double the particle number and having a typical V / Ni ratio for ship emission.
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