Articles | Volume 23, issue 19
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12887-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12887-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
13 Oct 2023
Research article |
| 13 Oct 2023
| 13 Oct 2023
Climatological assessment of the vertically resolved optical and microphysical aerosol properties by lidar measurements, sun photometer, and in situ observations over 17 years at Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) Barcelona
Italian National Research Council CNR-IMAA, 85050 Tito Scalo (PZ), Italy
CommSensLab, Dept. of Signal Theory and Communications, UPC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
Michaël Sicard
CommSensLab, Dept. of Signal Theory and Communications, UPC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
now at: Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones, Université de La Réunion, 97744 Saint Denis, France
Francesco Amato
Italian National Research Council CNR-IMAA, 85050 Tito Scalo (PZ), Italy
Adolfo Comeron
CommSensLab, Dept. of Signal Theory and Communications, UPC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
Cristina Gíl-Diaz
CommSensLab, Dept. of Signal Theory and Communications, UPC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
Tony C. Landi
CNR-ISAC, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
Constantino Munoz-Porcar
CommSensLab, Dept. of Signal Theory and Communications, UPC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
Daniel Oliveira
CommSensLab, Dept. of Signal Theory and Communications, UPC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
Federico Dios Otin
CommSensLab, Dept. of Signal Theory and Communications, UPC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
Francesc Rocadenbosch
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
CommSensLab, Dept. of Signal Theory and Communications, UPC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (Institute of Space Studies of Catalonia, IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
Alejandro Rodriguez-Gomez
CommSensLab, Dept. of Signal Theory and Communications, UPC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
Andrés Alastuey
Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
Xavier Querol
Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
Cristina Reche
Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
Related authors
Wei Hu, Jason Blake Cohen, Lingxiao Lu, Bo Zheng, Pravash Tiwari, Simone Lolli, Andrea Garzelli, Jun Li, and Kai Qin
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-4468, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-4468, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents a perturbation experiment to investigate the impact of satellite data uncertainty which are not fully removed using a fast and physically-based divergence operator. The shape of the uncertainty distribution governs error propagation and thus effects the stability of derived fluxes. Coal-based emissions sources are reliably captured. These results provide a practical, uncertainty‑aware filter for satellite‑derived methane emissions.
Antonio Mazza, Benedetto De Rosa, Ilaria Gandolfi, Emilio Lapenna, Simone Lolli, Fabrizio Marra, Lucia Mona, Ermann Ripepi, Marco Rosoldi, Gemine Vivone, and Giuseppe D'Amico
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-4448, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-4448, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Measurement Techniques (AMT).
Short summary
Short summary
We developed and tested a new method to estimate the height of the atmospheric boundary layer, the lowest part of the atmosphere where pollutants and heat are mixed. We applied it to three widely used ceiometers and compared the results with radiosonde observations. The method produced reliable estimates and can be used with existing observation networks, supporting improved monitoring of air quality and atmospheric processes.
Carina I. Argañaraz, Andreu Salcedo-Bosch, Simone Lolli, and Gabriele Curci
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 5697–5715, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-5697-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-5697-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, maps of the planetary boundary layer over Europe were generated by integrating multiple data sources. The results show higher accuracy compared with the widely used ERA5 reanalysis. The proposed regression kriging method performed well in estimating the height of the boundary layer at 12:00 UTC, and to a lesser extent at 00:00 UTC.
Fu Luo, Yuanjian Yang, Ting Sun, Zuofang Zheng, Xueyan Bi, Guoyu Ren, and Simone Lolli
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3392, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3392, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Cities are hotter than surrounding countryside, and heatwaves intensify this contrast. How combined warming reshapes air above different urban areas remains unclear. Using a high-resolution model, we examined two 2020 heatwaves over Guangzhou, China, finding extra warming strongest above densely built neighbourhoods and weakest over open low-rise areas. Dense areas retain heat overnight, adding to next-day warming and showing how urban form shapes extreme heat from surface to lower atmosphere.
Wanju Li, Lifang Sheng, Xueyan Bi, Zehao Huang, Yali Luo, Shiqi Xiao, Chao Liu, Yang Yang, Jiandong Wang, Yuanjian Yang, and Simone Lolli
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 11943–11965, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-11943-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-11943-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Heavy rain in South China often strikes suddenly far from weather fronts and is hard to forecast. Using five years of radar wind data and rainfall records from Guangdong, we studied 226 events and found warning signs one to four hours before onset that differ by region. In the west, strengthening low-level winds drive the rain; in the Pearl River Delta, friction reshapes the surface wind; in the east, warm surface air stores energy that fuels the storm.
Jiesheng Xue, Yuanjian Yang, Guoyu Ren, and Simone Lolli
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 11543–11560, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-11543-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-11543-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
With the reduction in inter-city distances, the wind carries heat downstream to neighboring cities. Focusing on the urban agglomeration area in China, we demonstrate the spatiotemporal variations of this heat transfer process, the moderating influence of meteorological factors, and quantify its effect on the intensity of the urban heat island in downstream cities. The results highlight the necessity of considering inter-city heat interactions in thermal risk management.
Yuanjian Yang, Chenjie Qian, Minxuan Zhang, Chenchao Zhan, Zhenxin Liu, Pak Wai Chan, Xueyan Bi, Meng Gao, and Simone Lolli
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 1345–1363, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-1345-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-1345-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Up to ~ 40 % of ozone pollution in the Greater Bay Area of China is related to tropical cyclones. The O3 pollution was found to be transported from inland areas to coastal areas. The transport process can be roughly divided into three phases: downdraft control, horizontal transport, and vertical mixing.
Bo Zheng, Jason Blake Cohen, Lingxiao Lu, Wei Hu, Pravash Tiwari, Simone Lolli, Andrea Garzelli, Hui Su, and Kai Qin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 1931–1946, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1931-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1931-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides TROPOMI (TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument) with a new methane emission estimation method that can accurately identify emission sources. Our results generate non-negative emission datasets using objective selection and filtering methods. The results include lower minimum emission thresholds for all power grids and fewer false positives. The new method provides more robust emission quantification in the face of data uncertainty, going beyond traditional plume identification and background subtraction.
Simone Lolli, Erica K. Dolinar, Jasper R. Lewis, Andreu Salcedo-Bosch, James R. Campbell, and Ellsworth J. Welton
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 411–426, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-411-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-411-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Over the past twenty years, continuous lidar observations at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center have assessed the radiative impact of cirrus clouds on the Earth–atmosphere system. Findings show these clouds increasingly trap heat as surface reflectivity drops with less snow and ice, contributing to local warming. Continued cirrus monitoring is crucial to refine climate forecasts and support effective climate action.
Tao Shi, Yuanjian Yang, Gaopeng Lu, Zuofang Zheng, Yucheng Zi, Ye Tian, Lei Liu, and Simone Lolli
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 9219–9234, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-9219-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-9219-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The city significantly influences thunderstorm and lightning activity, yet the potential mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Our study has revealed that both city size and building density play pivotal roles in modulating thunderstorm and lightning activity. This research not only deepens our understanding of urban meteorology but also lays an important foundation for developing accurate and targeted urban thunderstorm risk prediction models.
Tao Shi, Yuanjian Yang, Lian Zong, Min Guo, Ping Qi, and Simone Lolli
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 4989–5007, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4989-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4989-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Our study explored the daily temperature patterns in urban areas of the Yangtze River Delta, focusing on how weather and human activities impact these patterns. We found that temperatures were higher at night, and weather patterns had a bigger impact during the day, while human activities mattered more at night. This helps us understand and address urban overheating.
Tianwen Wei, Mengya Wang, Kenan Wu, Jinlong Yuan, Haiyun Xia, and Simone Lolli
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 1841–1857, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-1841-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-1841-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study analyzes three years of wind lidar measurements to explore the dynamics of the urban planetary boundary layer in Hefei, China. Results reveal that nocturnal low-level jets are most frequent in spring and intensify in summer, significantly enhancing turbulence and shear near the surface, particularly at night. Additionally, cloud cover raises the mixing layer height by approximately 100 m at night due to the greenhouse effect but reduces it by up to 200 m in the afternoon.
Fengjiao Chen, Yuanjian Yang, Lu Yu, Yang Li, Weiguang Liu, Yan Liu, and Simone Lolli
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1587–1601, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1587-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1587-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The microphysical mechanisms of precipitation responsible for the varied impacts of aerosol particles on shallow precipitation remain unclear. This study reveals that coarse aerosol particles invigorate shallow rainfall through enhanced coalescence processes, whereas fine aerosol particles suppress shallow rainfall through intensified microphysical breaks. These impacts are independent of thermodynamic environments but are more significant in low-humidity conditions.
Tao Shi, Yuanjian Yang, Ping Qi, and Simone Lolli
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12807–12822, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12807-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12807-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This paper explored the formation mechanisms of the amplified canopy urban heat island intensity (ΔCUHII) during heat wave (HW) periods in the megacity of Beijing from the perspectives of mountain–valley breeze and urban morphology. During the mountain breeze phase, high-rise buildings with lower sky view factors (SVFs) had a pronounced effect on the ΔCUHII. During the valley breeze phase, high-rise buildings exerted a dual influence on the ΔCUHII.
Cristina Gil-Díaz, Michäel Sicard, Adolfo Comerón, Daniel Camilo Fortunato dos Santos Oliveira, Constantino Muñoz-Porcar, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez, Jasper R. Lewis, Ellsworth J. Welton, and Simone Lolli
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 1197–1216, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1197-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1197-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper, a statistical study of cirrus geometrical and optical properties based on 4 years of continuous ground-based lidar measurements with the Barcelona (Spain) Micro Pulse Lidar (MPL) is analysed. The cloud optical depth, effective column lidar ratio and linear cloud depolarisation ratio have been calculated by a new approach to the two-way transmittance method, which is valid for both ground-based and spaceborne lidar systems. Their associated errors are also provided.
Lian Zong, Yuanjian Yang, Haiyun Xia, Meng Gao, Zhaobin Sun, Zuofang Zheng, Xianxiang Li, Guicai Ning, Yubin Li, and Simone Lolli
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 6523–6538, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6523-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6523-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Heatwaves (HWs) paired with higher ozone (O3) concentration at surface level pose a serious threat to human health. Taking Beijing as an example, three unfavorable synoptic weather patterns were identified to dominate the compound HW and O3 pollution events. Under the synergistic stress of HWs and O3 pollution, public mortality risk increased, and synoptic patterns and urbanization enhanced the compound risk of events in Beijing by 33.09 % and 18.95 %, respectively.
Bojana Petrović, Andres Alastuey, Karl Espen Yttri, Marco Pandolfi, Maja Jovanović, Bojan Radović, Renata Kovačević, Danka B. Stojanović, Miloš Davidović, Stephen M. Platt, Alena Bartonova, and Milena Jovašević-Stojanović
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 14165–14184, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-14165-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-14165-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Source apportionment based on daily levels of organic and elemental carbon, metals, ions, and organic tracers identified 7 factors, interpreted as anthropogenic and natural sources at both regional and local scales. Mitigation measures would reduce the biomass burning factor, which contributes 21 % to airborne particulate matter annually, primarily during the heating season. Two biogenic factors account for 20 %, the remaining 4 factors are influenced by both anthropogenic and natural sources.
Wei Hu, Jason Blake Cohen, Lingxiao Lu, Bo Zheng, Pravash Tiwari, Simone Lolli, Andrea Garzelli, Jun Li, and Kai Qin
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-4468, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-4468, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents a perturbation experiment to investigate the impact of satellite data uncertainty which are not fully removed using a fast and physically-based divergence operator. The shape of the uncertainty distribution governs error propagation and thus effects the stability of derived fluxes. Coal-based emissions sources are reliably captured. These results provide a practical, uncertainty‑aware filter for satellite‑derived methane emissions.
Antonio Mazza, Benedetto De Rosa, Ilaria Gandolfi, Emilio Lapenna, Simone Lolli, Fabrizio Marra, Lucia Mona, Ermann Ripepi, Marco Rosoldi, Gemine Vivone, and Giuseppe D'Amico
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-4448, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-4448, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Measurement Techniques (AMT).
Short summary
Short summary
We developed and tested a new method to estimate the height of the atmospheric boundary layer, the lowest part of the atmosphere where pollutants and heat are mixed. We applied it to three widely used ceiometers and compared the results with radiosonde observations. The method produced reliable estimates and can be used with existing observation networks, supporting improved monitoring of air quality and atmospheric processes.
Carina I. Argañaraz, Andreu Salcedo-Bosch, Simone Lolli, and Gabriele Curci
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 5697–5715, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-5697-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-5697-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, maps of the planetary boundary layer over Europe were generated by integrating multiple data sources. The results show higher accuracy compared with the widely used ERA5 reanalysis. The proposed regression kriging method performed well in estimating the height of the boundary layer at 12:00 UTC, and to a lesser extent at 00:00 UTC.
Fu Luo, Yuanjian Yang, Ting Sun, Zuofang Zheng, Xueyan Bi, Guoyu Ren, and Simone Lolli
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3392, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3392, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Cities are hotter than surrounding countryside, and heatwaves intensify this contrast. How combined warming reshapes air above different urban areas remains unclear. Using a high-resolution model, we examined two 2020 heatwaves over Guangzhou, China, finding extra warming strongest above densely built neighbourhoods and weakest over open low-rise areas. Dense areas retain heat overnight, adding to next-day warming and showing how urban form shapes extreme heat from surface to lower atmosphere.
Wanju Li, Lifang Sheng, Xueyan Bi, Zehao Huang, Yali Luo, Shiqi Xiao, Chao Liu, Yang Yang, Jiandong Wang, Yuanjian Yang, and Simone Lolli
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 11943–11965, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-11943-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-11943-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Heavy rain in South China often strikes suddenly far from weather fronts and is hard to forecast. Using five years of radar wind data and rainfall records from Guangdong, we studied 226 events and found warning signs one to four hours before onset that differ by region. In the west, strengthening low-level winds drive the rain; in the Pearl River Delta, friction reshapes the surface wind; in the east, warm surface air stores energy that fuels the storm.
Jiesheng Xue, Yuanjian Yang, Guoyu Ren, and Simone Lolli
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 11543–11560, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-11543-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-11543-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
With the reduction in inter-city distances, the wind carries heat downstream to neighboring cities. Focusing on the urban agglomeration area in China, we demonstrate the spatiotemporal variations of this heat transfer process, the moderating influence of meteorological factors, and quantify its effect on the intensity of the urban heat island in downstream cities. The results highlight the necessity of considering inter-city heat interactions in thermal risk management.
Patrick Chazette, Andreas Behrendt, Adolfo Comerón, Paolo Di Girolamo, Marco Di Paolantonio, Davide Dionisi, Cyrille Flamant, José Luis Gómez-Amo, Jérémy Lagarrigue, Frédéric Laly, Diego Lange, Constantino Muñoz-Porcar, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez, Michaël Sicard, Donato Summa, Julien Totems, María Pilar Utrillas, Pedro C. Valdelomar, and Volker Wulfmeyer
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 5223–5242, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-5223-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-5223-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Between October 2022 and January 2023, the Water Vapour Lidar Network Assimilation (WaLiNeAs) campaign was conducted on the western Mediterranean by four European countries. To improve the forecasting of heavy precipitation events, eight ground-based stations equipped with water vapour Raman lidars were strategically deployed. They offered a valuable chance to verify the consistency of the water vapour products of both the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) and ERA5 reanalysis.
Anouk Marsal, Fabrizia Cavalli, Elise Di Antonio, Stephan Houdier, Pamela Dominutti, Sophie Darfeuil, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Stéphane Sauvage, Jean-Philippe Putaud, Ian S. Mudway, Athanasios Nenes, Aikaterini Bougiatioti, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, André S. H. Prévôt, Despina Paraskevopoulou, Ana Cvitešić Kušan, Sanja Frka, Ana Kroflič, Ajda Delić, Blanka Tariba Lovaković, Andreja Jurič, Carolina Molina, Daniele Contini, Maria Rachele Guascito, Mathilde Lintz, Davy Rousset, Hartmut Herrmann, Eduardo J. d. S. Souza, Frédéric Ledoux, Marc Fadel, Haoran Yu, Jianzhen Yu, Maria Teresa Baeza Romero, Maria Cerrato-Alvarez, Marloes F. van Os, Mathilde N. Delaval, Yamaris Mercedes Mena Cabrera, Nicole Trieu, Greg Evans, Nuria Galindo, Noelia Gómez-Sanchez, Hana Hlaváčková, Pavel Mikuška, Shrutika Kadam, Pourya Shahpoury, Purificación López-Mahía, Jorge Moreda-Piñeiro, Rico K. Y. Cheung, Markus Kalberer, Micol Introna, Sarah S. Steimer, Zhuoying Lin, Suzanne E. Paulson, Saima Iram, Svetlana Stevanovic, Thomas Audoux, Laurent Y. Alleman, Jianing Liu, Ting Fang, P. S. Ganesh Subramanian, Vishal Verma, Tuukka Petäjä, Xavier Querol, Gerard Hoek, Roy M. Harrison, and Gaëlle Uzu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3918, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3918, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
This collaborative work from 26 worldwide laboratories assessed the measurement of atmospheric particles' oxidative potential (OP) using a common protocol. OP is a metric designed to inform on particles’ harmful effects. Over half of the laboratories obtained satisfactory results, and some critical steps such as liquid handling and OP mathematical determination were identified. Recommendations for future measurements and interlaboratory comparisons are also provided.
Aino Ovaska, Daniel Holmberg, Elio Rauth, Mansour Alghamdi, Paulo Artaxo, Eija Asmi, John Backman, Benjamin Bergmans, Matthew Boyer, Liezl Bredenkamp, Maurizio Busetto, Delano Campos De Oliveira, Juan Andrés Casquero-Vera, Darius Ceburnis, Tak Chan, Tommy Chan, Sebastien Conil, Daniele Contini, Suzanne Crumeyrolle, Valentin Duflot, Kostas Eleftheriadis, Johan Esveld, Ekaterina Ezhova, Markus Fiebig, Shahzad Gani, Olga Garmash, Francisco Gómez-Moreno, Roy M. Harrison, Andras Hoffer, Rakesh Hooda, Antti Hyvärinen, Tareq Hussein, Jorma Joutsensaari, Nikos Kalivitis, Heinz Kaminski, Jutta Kesti, Radovan Krejci, Adam Kristensson, Chongai Kuang, Markku Kulmala, Lauri Laakso, Ari Leskinen, Heikki Lihavainen, Andreas Massling, Maik Merkel, Steffen Noe, Jakub Ondracek, Noemí Perez, Jean-Eudes Petit, Tuukka Petäjä, Michael Pikridas, Christopher Pöhlker, Mira Pöhlker, Jean-Philippe Putaud, Ximeng Qi, Cristina Reche, Sergio Rodríguez, Petr Roztocil, Jean Sciare, Karine Sellegri, Dongjie Shang, Ashish Singh, Mikko Sipilä, Henrik Skov, Mar Sorribas, Tamanna Subba, Junying Sun, Peter Tunved, Ville Vakkari, Pieter G. Van Zyl, Aki Virkkula, Jens Voigtländer, Kay Weinhold, Alfred Wiedensohler, Hee-Jung Yoo, Putian Zhou, Kai Puolamäki, Tuomo Nieminen, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Victoria A. Sinclair, and Pauli Paasonen
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-415, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-415, 2026
Preprint under review for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
All clouds form around aerosol particles, and their abundance influences cloud properties. In turn, clouds affect climate by changing how energy moves through the atmosphere, making them important for climate change. To better understand these interactions, we need accurate information on how many aerosol particles are in the atmosphere. Therefore, we have developed a new 21-year global dataset of particle concentrations relevant for cloud formation.
Adolfo Comerón, Constantino Muñoz-Porcar, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez, Michaël Sicard, Federico Dios, Cristina Gil-Díaz, Daniel Camilo Fortunato dos Santos Oliveira, and Francesc Rocadenbosch
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-2703, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-2703, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
The overlap function of an aerosol lidar is a key feature determining the minimum range from which the lidar can perform reliable measurements. This article develops the relationship between the retrieved overlap function, which requires an assumption on the relationship between the extinction and backscatter coefficients of the aerosols present, and the “true” overlap function, and proposes a simple, two-step, non-iterative formulation for the retrieval of the lidar overlap function.
Dominique Gantois, Alexandre Baron, Michaël Sicard, Valentin Duflot, Niels Groenen, Nelson Bègue, Sabine Eckhardt, Nikolaos Evangeliou, Martine De Mazière, Corinne Vigouroux, Guillaume Payen, Nicolas Marquestaut, Jean-Marc Metzger, Patrick Chazette, and Cyrille Flamant
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3070, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3070, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Smoke from Southern African and South American wildfires can travel for thousands of kilometers before reaching the Indian Ocean and Reunion Island. In this study, we use instruments measuring from the ground, from satellites, as well as atmospheric models, to track these smoke plumes and identify their origins and properties. Our findings should help future research focusing on the impact of these plumes on the atmospheric temperature.
Sebastian Vergara-Palacio, Alexei Kiselev, Franziska Vogel, Adolfo González-Romero, Romy Fösig, Xavier Querol, Corinna Hoose, Nsikanabasi Silas Umo, Ottmar Möhler, Konrad Kandler, Carlos Pérez García-Pando, and Martina Klose
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 9113–9147, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-9113-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-9113-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric mineral dust can help clouds form ice, changing cloud properties and affecting weather and climate. We tested dust from Morocco and Iceland in more than 300 controlled laboratory experiments. Icelandic samples were up to 100 times less able to promote ice formation than Moroccan samples, and showed mineral-composition dependence. The results show the role of larger dust particles in ice nucleation and their relationship with mineralogy and size for low- and high-latitude sources.
Wenche Aas, Thérèse Salameh, Robert Wegener, Heidi Hellén, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Pontus Roldin, Elisabeth Alonso-Blanco, Andres Alastuey, Crist Amelynck, Jgor Arduini, Benjamin Bergmans, Marie Bertrand, Agnes Borbon, Efstratios Bourtsoukidis, Laetitia Bouvier, David Butterfield, Iris Buxbaum, Darius Ceburnis, Anja Claude, Augustin Colette, Aurélie Colomb, Sophie Darfeuil, James Dernie, Maximilien Desservettaz, Elías Díaz-Ramiro, Marvin Dufresne, René Dubus, Mario Duval, Marie Dury, Anna Font, Kirsten N. Fossum, Evelyn Freney, Gotzon Gangoiti, Yao Ge, Maria Carmen Gomez, Francisco J. Gómez-Moreno, Marie Gohy, Valérie Gros, Paul Hamer, Bryan Hellack, Hartmut Herrmann, Robert Holla, Adéla Holubová, Niels R. Jensen, Tuija Jokinen, Matthew Jones, Uwe Käfer, Lukas Kesper, Dieter Klemp, Dagmar Kubistin, Angela Marinoni, Martina Mazzini, Vy Ngoc Thuy Dinh, Jurgita Ovadnevaite, Tuukka Petäjä, Miguel Portillo-Estrada, Jitka Přívozníková, Jean-Philippe Putaud, Stefan Reimann, Laura Renzi, Veronique Riffault, Stuart Ritchie, Chris Robins, Begoña Artíñano Rodríguez de Torres, Laurent Poulain, Julian Rüdiger, Agnieszka Sanocka, Estibaliz Saez de Camara Oleaga, Niels Schoon, Roger Seco, Ivan Simmons, Leïla Simon, David Simpson, Sverre Solberg, Emmanuel Tison, August Thomasson, Svetlana Tsyro, Marsailidh Twigg, Toni Tykkä, Bert Verreyken, Ågot Watne, Katie Williams, Ana Maria Yáñez-Serrano, Karen Yeung, Ilona Ylivinkka, and Karl Espen Yttri
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 8717–8751, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-8717-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-8717-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
A one-week intensive measurement campaign during the 2022 European heatwave included monitoring of ozone, volatile organic compounds, aerosol chemical composition, and organic tracers to investigate air pollution sources. Results showed that emissions from vegetation and human activities contributed to peaks in ozone and secondary organic aerosol particles. Differences between measurements and model simulations underline the need for better characterization of sources and formation pathways.
Dimitri Trapon, Holger Baars, Sebastian Bley, Albert Ansmann, Michael Rennie, Sergey Khaykin, and Michael Sicard
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-2575, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-2575, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
The study presents observations of the 2022 Hunga volcanic aerosol in the stratosphere made by the European Space Agency’s Aeolus satellite. Aeolus tracks the long-range transported plumes that circumnavigate the Earth at distinct latitudes and altitudes up to 30 km. Vertical gradient of optical properties measured with the ultraviolet lidar signal are shown, such as decreasing trends over time. This helps to understand the stratospheric residence time of aerosols in the Southern Hemisphere.
María Ángeles López-Cayuela, Carmen Córdoba-Jabonero, Michaël Sicard, Jesús Abril-Gago, Vanda Salgueiro, Adolfo Comerón, María José Granados-Muñoz, Maria João Costa, Constantino Muñoz-Porcar, Juan Antonio Bravo-Aranda, Daniele Bortoli, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez, Lucas Alados-Arboledas, and Juan Luis Guerrero-Rascado
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 6257–6281, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-6257-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-6257-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Due to the major radiative role of dust in Climate Change, a vertical assessment of the long-wave (and net) dust direct radiative effect of both fine and coarse dust, separately, is introduced. The study relies on an intense Saharan dust outbreak across the Iberian Peninsula, as observed by five lidar stations with coverage from south-west to north-east. A comparative evaluation with respect to total dust (no separation) is also performed. It complements a similar study in the short-wave range.
África Barreto, Francisco Quirós, Omaira E. García, Jorge Pereda-de-Pablo, Daniel González-Fernández, Andrés Bedoya-Velásquez, Michael Sicard, Carmen Córdoba-Jabonero, Marco Iarlori, Vincenzo Rizi, Nickolay Krotkov, Simon Carn, Reijo Roininen, Antonio J. Molina-Arias, A. Fernando Almansa, Óscar Álvarez-Losada, Carla Aramo, Juan José Bustos, Romain Ceolato, Adolfo Comerón, Alicia Felpeto, Rosa D. García, Pablo González-Sicilia, Yenny González, Pascal Hedelt, Miguel Hernández, María-Ángeles López-Cayuela, Diego Loyola, Stavros Meletlidis, Constantino Muñoz-Porcar, Ermanno Pietropaolo, Ramón Ramos, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez, Roberto Román, Pedro M. Romero-Campos, Martin Stuefer, Carlos Toledano, and Ellsworth J. Welton
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 1385–1406, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-1385-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-1385-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
This manuscript describes the instrumental coverage deployed during the Tajogaite eruption (19 September–25 December 2021) by the Instituto Geográfico Nacional (IGN), the Spanish State Meteorological Agency (AEMET), and other Spanish members of ACTRIS (Aerosol, Clouds and Trace Gases Research Infrastructure) to monitor its atmospheric impact. Two complementary methods provide consistent plume height data for future operational surveillance.
Yuanjian Yang, Chenjie Qian, Minxuan Zhang, Chenchao Zhan, Zhenxin Liu, Pak Wai Chan, Xueyan Bi, Meng Gao, and Simone Lolli
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 1345–1363, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-1345-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-1345-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Up to ~ 40 % of ozone pollution in the Greater Bay Area of China is related to tropical cyclones. The O3 pollution was found to be transported from inland areas to coastal areas. The transport process can be roughly divided into three phases: downdraft control, horizontal transport, and vertical mixing.
Bo Zheng, Jason Blake Cohen, Lingxiao Lu, Wei Hu, Pravash Tiwari, Simone Lolli, Andrea Garzelli, Hui Su, and Kai Qin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 1931–1946, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1931-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1931-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides TROPOMI (TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument) with a new methane emission estimation method that can accurately identify emission sources. Our results generate non-negative emission datasets using objective selection and filtering methods. The results include lower minimum emission thresholds for all power grids and fewer false positives. The new method provides more robust emission quantification in the face of data uncertainty, going beyond traditional plume identification and background subtraction.
Maria Fernanda Sanchez-Barrero, Philippe Goloub, Luc Blarel, Ioana Elisabeta Popovici, Benjamin Torres, Gaël Dubois, Thierry Podvin, Fabrice Ducos, Romain de Filippi, Michaël Sicard, Viviane Bout Roumazeilles, and Charlotte Skonieczny
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 507–528, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-507-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-507-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
The TRANSAMA ship-based campaign (April–May 2023) aboard Marion Dufresne investigated aerosols from La Réunion to Barbados using photometer and lidar. Observations revealed clean conditions over the South Atlantic, with thin transported aerosol plumes from Southern Africa. Clouds were detected in 53 % of lidar profiles with higher occurrence in the first 2 km. The results show how combined lidar and photometer measurements can improve our understanding of aerosols in marine environment.
Sergey Khaykin, Michaël Sicard, Thierry Leblanc, Tetsu Sakai, Nickolay Balugin, Gwenaël Berthet, Stëphane Chevrier, Fernando Chouza, Artem Feofilov, Dominique Gantois, Sophie Godin-Beekmann, Arezki Haddouche, Yoshitaka Jin, Isamu Morino, Nicolas Kadygrov, Thomas Lecas, Ben Liley, Richard Querel, Ghasssan Taha, and Vladimir Yushkov
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 607–622, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-607-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-607-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
In April 2024, the Ruang volcano in Indonesia sent large amounts of gas and particles high into the atmosphere, which then spread worldwide. Using the new European EarthCARE satellite and its advanced laser instrument ATLID (Atmospheric LIDar), together with ground and balloon observations, we tracked how these particles doubled levels in the tropics and spread into both hemispheres. The study shows ATLID’s power to reveal how eruptions can affect climate, clouds, and ozone for more than a year.
Simone Lolli, Erica K. Dolinar, Jasper R. Lewis, Andreu Salcedo-Bosch, James R. Campbell, and Ellsworth J. Welton
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 411–426, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-411-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-411-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Over the past twenty years, continuous lidar observations at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center have assessed the radiative impact of cirrus clouds on the Earth–atmosphere system. Findings show these clouds increasingly trap heat as surface reflectivity drops with less snow and ice, contributing to local warming. Continued cirrus monitoring is crucial to refine climate forecasts and support effective climate action.
Hannah Meyer, Konrad Kandler, Sylvain Dupont, Jerónimo Escribano, Jessica Girdwood, George Nikolich, Andrés Alastuey, Vicken Etyemezian, Cristina González-Flórez, Adolfo González-Romero, Tareq Hussein, Mark Irvine, Peter Knippertz, Ottmar Möhler, Xavier Querol, Chris Stopford, Franziska Vogel, Frederik Weis, Andreas Wieser, Carlos Pérez García-Pando, and Martina Klose
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 21–61, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-21-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-21-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Mineral dust particles emitted from dry soils are of various sizes, yet the abundance of very large particles is not well understood. Here we measured the dust size distribution from fine to giant particles at an emission source during a field campaign in Jordan (J-WADI) using multiple instruments. Our findings show that large particles make up a significant part of the total dust mass. This knowledge is essential to improve climate models and to predict dust impacts on climate and environment.
Benjamin Torres, Luc Blarel, Philippe Goloub, Gaël Dubois, Maria Fernanda Sanchez-Barrero, Ioana Elisabeta Popovici, Fabrice Maupin, Elena Lind, Alexander Smirnov, Ilya Slutsker, Julien Chimot, Ramiro González, Michaël Sicard, Jean Marc Metzger, and Pierre Tulet
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 4809–4838, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-4809-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-4809-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study shows that it is possible to automatically monitor atmospheric aerosols from research vessels using automated instruments, following the same standards as AERONET (AErosol RObotic NETwork) land-based stations. By collecting 3 years of data in the Indian Ocean, we demonstrate that high-quality measurements can be made, even on a moving platform. These results open new possibilities for observing aerosols over the ocean and improving satellite data and climate studies.
Tristan Millet, Hassan Bencherif, Thierry Portafaix, Nelson Bègue, Alexandre Baron, Valentin Duflot, Cathy Clerbaux, Pierre-François Coheur, Andrea Pazmiño, Michaël Sicard, Anne Boynard, Jean-Marc Metzger, Guillaume Payen, Nicolas Marquestaut, and Sophie Godin-Beekmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 10887–10905, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-10887-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-10887-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
On 15 January 2022, the Hunga volcano erupted, releasing sulfur dioxide and water vapor into the stratosphere, impacting ozone levels over the Indian Ocean. Satellite data show the presence of a transient ozone depletion event related to the water vapor anomalies and sulfate aerosol clouds. Ozone reduction was confined to two distinct layers. On 21 January, the fifth percentile of total and stratospheric column ozone anomalies reached −18.6 and −14.5 DU, respectively.
Agnesh Panta, Konrad Kandler, Kerstin Schepanski, Andres Alastuey, Pavla Dagsson Waldhauserova, Sylvain Dupont, Melanie Eknayan, Cristina González-Flórez, Adolfo González-Romero, Martina Klose, Mara Montag, Xavier Querol, Jesús Yus-Díez, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 10457–10478, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-10457-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-10457-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Iceland is among the most active dust source areas in the world. Dust properties are influenced by particle size, mineralogy, shape, and mixing state. This work characterizes freshly emitted individual aerosol particles of Icelandic dust using electron microscopy. Our study provides insights into critical particle-specific information and will contribute to better constraining climate models that consider mineralogical variations in their representation of the dust cycle.
Tao Shi, Yuanjian Yang, Gaopeng Lu, Zuofang Zheng, Yucheng Zi, Ye Tian, Lei Liu, and Simone Lolli
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 9219–9234, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-9219-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-9219-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The city significantly influences thunderstorm and lightning activity, yet the potential mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Our study has revealed that both city size and building density play pivotal roles in modulating thunderstorm and lightning activity. This research not only deepens our understanding of urban meteorology but also lays an important foundation for developing accurate and targeted urban thunderstorm risk prediction models.
Jesús Yus-Díez, Luka Drinovec, Lucas Alados-Arboledas, Gloria Titos, Elena Bazo, Andrea Casans, Diego Patrón, Xavier Querol, Adolfo Gonzalez-Romero, Carlos Perez García-Pando, and Griša Močnik
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 3073–3093, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-3073-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-3073-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We have used absorption from a photothermal interferometer and scattering measurements to evaluate the most deployed filter photometers used to measure absorption for monitoring networks. We used soot- and dust-dominated aerosol samples in both laboratory and ambient settings. Our results indicated that one of these filter photometers, the MAAP (Multiangle Absorption Photometer), usually used as a pseudo-reference instrument, had 47 % higher absorption values than our reference measurements.
Jesús Yus-Díez, Jeronimo Escribano, Marco Pandolfi, Andres Alastuey, Cristina González-Flórez, Adolfo Gonzalez-Romero, Maria Gonçalves Ageitos, Matic Ivančič, Martina Klose, Konrad Kandler, Vicenzo Obiso, Agnesh Panta, Cristina Reche, Martin Rigler, Xavier Querol, and Carlos Perez Garćia-Pando
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2571, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2571, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Here we present measurements of dust optical properties during active emissions at a source region in the Moroccan Sahara. We present results on its single scattering albedo, absorption and scattering wavelength dependence and mass efficiency. Furthermore, we have performed imaginary refractive index (k) retrieval under varying assumptions of the refractive index real part, and particle sphericity. We also provide a comparison between the k retrievals and estimations on dust k from AERONET.
Sylvain Dupont, Eric Lamaud, Mark R. Irvine, Jean-Marc Bonnefond, Adolfo González-Romero, Andrés Alastuey, Cristina González-Flórez, Xavier Querol, Konrad Kandler, Martina Klose, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 2183–2200, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-2183-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-2183-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Low-cost optical particle counters (OPCs) offer new opportunities to monitor dust particles from wind soil erosion. Their price, size, and power consumption are lower than those of traditional OPCs. We tested the ability of the low-cost OPC-N3 from Alphasense to estimate dust emission flux during erosion events in Jordan. N3 estimated the dust flux well, with differences of less than 30 % compared to a traditional OPC. Our results confirm the potential of low-cost OPCs for dust erosion research.
Tao Shi, Yuanjian Yang, Lian Zong, Min Guo, Ping Qi, and Simone Lolli
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 4989–5007, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4989-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4989-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Our study explored the daily temperature patterns in urban areas of the Yangtze River Delta, focusing on how weather and human activities impact these patterns. We found that temperatures were higher at night, and weather patterns had a bigger impact during the day, while human activities mattered more at night. This helps us understand and address urban overheating.
Natalie M. Mahowald, Longlei Li, Julius Vira, Marje Prank, Douglas S. Hamilton, Hitoshi Matsui, Ron L. Miller, P. Louis Lu, Ezgi Akyuz, Daphne Meidan, Peter Hess, Heikki Lihavainen, Christine Wiedinmyer, Jenny Hand, Maria Grazia Alaimo, Célia Alves, Andres Alastuey, Paulo Artaxo, Africa Barreto, Francisco Barraza, Silvia Becagli, Giulia Calzolai, Shankararaman Chellam, Ying Chen, Patrick Chuang, David D. Cohen, Cristina Colombi, Evangelia Diapouli, Gaetano Dongarra, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Johann Engelbrecht, Corinne Galy-Lacaux, Cassandra Gaston, Dario Gomez, Yenny González Ramos, Roy M. Harrison, Chris Heyes, Barak Herut, Philip Hopke, Christoph Hüglin, Maria Kanakidou, Zsofia Kertesz, Zbigniew Klimont, Katriina Kyllönen, Fabrice Lambert, Xiaohong Liu, Remi Losno, Franco Lucarelli, Willy Maenhaut, Beatrice Marticorena, Randall V. Martin, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, Yasser Morera-Gómez, Adina Paytan, Joseph Prospero, Sergio Rodríguez, Patricia Smichowski, Daniela Varrica, Brenna Walsh, Crystal L. Weagle, and Xi Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 4665–4702, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4665-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4665-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol particles are an important part of the Earth system, but their concentrations are spatially and temporally heterogeneous, as well as being variable in size and composition. Here, we present a new compilation of PM2.5 and PM10 aerosol observations, focusing on the spatial variability across different observational stations, including composition, and demonstrate a method for comparing the data sets to model output.
Tianwen Wei, Mengya Wang, Kenan Wu, Jinlong Yuan, Haiyun Xia, and Simone Lolli
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 1841–1857, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-1841-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-1841-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study analyzes three years of wind lidar measurements to explore the dynamics of the urban planetary boundary layer in Hefei, China. Results reveal that nocturnal low-level jets are most frequent in spring and intensify in summer, significantly enhancing turbulence and shear near the surface, particularly at night. Additionally, cloud cover raises the mixing layer height by approximately 100 m at night due to the greenhouse effect but reduces it by up to 200 m in the afternoon.
Cristina Gil-Díaz, Michäel Sicard, Odran Sourdeval, Athulya Saiprakash, Constantino Muñoz-Porcar, Adolfo Comerón, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez, and Daniel Camilo Fortunato dos Santos Oliveira
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 3445–3464, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3445-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3445-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents a comprehensive analysis of optical scattering properties and direct radiative effects of cirrus clouds based on 4 years of continuous ground-based lidar measurements with the Barcelona MPLNET lidar. A novel approach of the self-consistent scattering model for cirrus clouds is presented to determine their optical scattering properties at different wavelengths, and their direct radiative effects are calculated with the discrete ordinates method embedded in the ARTDECO package.
María-Ángeles López-Cayuela, Carmen Córdoba-Jabonero, Michaël Sicard, Jesús Abril-Gago, Vanda Salgueiro, Adolfo Comerón, María José Granados-Muñoz, Maria João Costa, Constantino Muñoz-Porcar, Juan Antonio Bravo-Aranda, Daniele Bortoli, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez, Lucas Alados-Arboledas, and Juan Luis Guerrero-Rascado
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 3213–3231, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3213-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3213-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Due to the significant radiative role of dust in climate change, vertical assessments of the short-wave dust direct radiative effect of both fine and coarse dust particles are performed separately. The study is focused on an intense Saharan dust outbreak crossing the Iberian Peninsula in springtime monitored by five Iberian lidar stations with southwest–northeast coverage. A comparative study to evaluate the differences found by considering the total dust (no separation) is also examined.
Hector Navarro-Barboza, Jordi Rovira, Vincenzo Obiso, Andrea Pozzer, Marta Via, Andres Alastuey, Xavier Querol, Noemi Perez, Marjan Savadkoohi, Gang Chen, Jesus Yus-Díez, Matic Ivancic, Martin Rigler, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Stergios Vratolis, Olga Zografou, Maria Gini, Benjamin Chazeau, Nicolas Marchand, Andre S. H. Prevot, Kaspar Dallenbach, Mikael Ehn, Krista Luoma, Tuukka Petäjä, Anna Tobler, Jaroslaw Necki, Minna Aurela, Hilkka Timonen, Jarkko Niemi, Olivier Favez, Jean-Eudes Petit, Jean-Philippe Putaud, Christoph Hueglin, Nicolas Pascal, Aurélien Chauvigné, Sébastien Conil, Marco Pandolfi, and Oriol Jorba
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 2667–2694, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2667-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2667-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Brown carbon (BrC) absorbs ultraviolet (UV) and visible light, influencing climate. This study explores BrC's imaginary refractive index (k) using data from 12 European sites. Residential emissions are a major organic aerosol (OA) source in winter, while secondary organic aerosol (SOA) dominates in summer. Source-specific k values were derived, improving model accuracy. The findings highlight BrC's climate impact and emphasize source-specific constraints in atmospheric models.
Fengjiao Chen, Yuanjian Yang, Lu Yu, Yang Li, Weiguang Liu, Yan Liu, and Simone Lolli
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1587–1601, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1587-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1587-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The microphysical mechanisms of precipitation responsible for the varied impacts of aerosol particles on shallow precipitation remain unclear. This study reveals that coarse aerosol particles invigorate shallow rainfall through enhanced coalescence processes, whereas fine aerosol particles suppress shallow rainfall through intensified microphysical breaks. These impacts are independent of thermodynamic environments but are more significant in low-humidity conditions.
Xiansheng Liu, Xun Zhang, Marvin Dufresne, Tao Wang, Lijie Wu, Rosa Lara, Roger Seco, Marta Monge, Ana Maria Yáñez-Serrano, Marie Gohy, Paul Petit, Audrey Chevalier, Marie-Pierre Vagnot, Yann Fortier, Alexia Baudic, Véronique Ghersi, Grégory Gille, Ludovic Lanzi, Valérie Gros, Leïla Simon, Heidi Héllen, Stefan Reimann, Zoé Le Bras, Michelle Jessy Müller, David Beddows, Siqi Hou, Zongbo Shi, Roy M. Harrison, William Bloss, James Dernie, Stéphane Sauvage, Philip K. Hopke, Xiaoli Duan, Taicheng An, Alastair C. Lewis, James R. Hopkins, Eleni Liakakou, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, Xiaohu Zhang, Andrés Alastuey, Xavier Querol, and Thérèse Salameh
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 625–638, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-625-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-625-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study examines BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes) pollution in urban areas across seven European countries. Analyzing data from 22 monitoring sites, we found traffic and industrial activities significantly impact BTEX levels, with peaks during rush hours. The risk from BTEX exposure remains moderate, especially in high-traffic and industrial zones, highlighting the need for targeted air quality management to protect public health and improve urban air quality.
Michaël Sicard, Alexandre Baron, Marion Ranaivombola, Dominique Gantois, Tristan Millet, Pasquale Sellitto, Nelson Bègue, Hassan Bencherif, Guillaume Payen, Nicolas Marquestaut, and Valentin Duflot
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 367–381, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-367-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-367-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study quantifies the radiative impact over Réunion Island (21° S, 55° E) of the aerosols and water vapor injected into the stratosphere by the Hunga volcano in the South Pacific. The overall aerosol and water vapor impact on the Earth’s radiation budget for the whole period is negative (cooling, -0.82 ± 0.35 W m-2) and dominated by the aerosols. At the Earth’s surface, aerosols are the main drivers and produce a negative (cooling, -1.04 ± 0.36 W m-2) radiative impact.
Pamela A. Dominutti, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Anouk Marsal, Takoua Mhadhbi, Rhabira Elazzouzi, Camille Rak, Fabrizia Cavalli, Jean-Philippe Putaud, Aikaterini Bougiatioti, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, Despina Paraskevopoulou, Ian Mudway, Athanasios Nenes, Kaspar R. Daellenbach, Catherine Banach, Steven J. Campbell, Hana Cigánková, Daniele Contini, Greg Evans, Maria Georgopoulou, Manuella Ghanem, Drew A. Glencross, Maria Rachele Guascito, Hartmut Herrmann, Saima Iram, Maja Jovanović, Milena Jovašević-Stojanović, Markus Kalberer, Ingeborg M. Kooter, Suzanne E. Paulson, Anil Patel, Esperanza Perdrix, Maria Chiara Pietrogrande, Pavel Mikuška, Jean-Jacques Sauvain, Katerina Seitanidi, Pourya Shahpoury, Eduardo J. d. S. Souza, Sarah Steimer, Svetlana Stevanovic, Guillaume Suarez, P. S. Ganesh Subramanian, Battist Utinger, Marloes F. van Os, Vishal Verma, Xing Wang, Rodney J. Weber, Yuhan Yang, Xavier Querol, Gerard Hoek, Roy M. Harrison, and Gaëlle Uzu
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 177–195, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-177-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-177-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, 20 labs worldwide collaborated to evaluate the measurement of air pollution's oxidative potential (OP), a key indicator of its harmful effects. The study aimed to identify disparities in the widely used OP dithiothreitol assay and assess the consistency of OP among labs using the same protocol. The results showed that half of the labs achieved acceptable results. However, variability was also found, highlighting the need for standardisation in OP procedures.
Fernando Rejano, Andrea Casans, Marta Via, Juan Andrés Casquero-Vera, Sonia Castillo, Hassan Lyamani, Alberto Cazorla, Elisabeth Andrews, Daniel Pérez-Ramírez, Andrés Alastuey, Francisco Javier Gómez-Moreno, Lucas Alados-Arboledas, Francisco José Olmo, and Gloria Titos
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13865–13888, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13865-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13865-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides valuable insights to improve cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) estimations at a high-altitude remote site which is influenced by nearby urban pollution. Understanding the factors that affect CCN estimations is essential to improve the CCN data coverage worldwide and assess aerosol–cloud interactions on a global scale. This is crucial for improving climate models, since aerosol–cloud interactions are the most important source of uncertainty in climate projections.
Tao Shi, Yuanjian Yang, Ping Qi, and Simone Lolli
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12807–12822, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12807-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12807-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This paper explored the formation mechanisms of the amplified canopy urban heat island intensity (ΔCUHII) during heat wave (HW) periods in the megacity of Beijing from the perspectives of mountain–valley breeze and urban morphology. During the mountain breeze phase, high-rise buildings with lower sky view factors (SVFs) had a pronounced effect on the ΔCUHII. During the valley breeze phase, high-rise buildings exerted a dual influence on the ΔCUHII.
Dominique Gantois, Guillaume Payen, Michaël Sicard, Valentin Duflot, Nelson Bègue, Nicolas Marquestaut, Thierry Portafaix, Sophie Godin-Beekmann, Patrick Hernandez, and Eric Golubic
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 4137–4159, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4137-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4137-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We describe three instruments that have been measuring interactions between aerosols (particles of various origin) and light over Réunion Island since 2012. Aerosols directly or indirectly influence the temperature in the atmosphere and can interact with clouds. Details are given on how we derived aerosol properties from our measurements and how we assessed the quality of our data before sharing them with the scientific community. A good correlation was found between the three instruments.
Pierre Tulet, Joel Van Baelen, Pierre Bosser, Jérome Brioude, Aurélie Colomb, Philippe Goloub, Andrea Pazmino, Thierry Portafaix, Michel Ramonet, Karine Sellegri, Melilotus Thyssen, Léa Gest, Nicolas Marquestaut, Dominique Mékiès, Jean-Marc Metzger, Gilles Athier, Luc Blarel, Marc Delmotte, Guillaume Desprairies, Mérédith Dournaux, Gaël Dubois, Valentin Duflot, Kevin Lamy, Lionel Gardes, Jean-François Guillemot, Valérie Gros, Joanna Kolasinski, Morgan Lopez, Olivier Magand, Erwan Noury, Manuel Nunes-Pinharanda, Guillaume Payen, Joris Pianezze, David Picard, Olivier Picard, Sandrine Prunier, François Rigaud-Louise, Michael Sicard, and Benjamin Torres
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 3821–3849, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3821-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-3821-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The MAP-IO program aims to compensate for the lack of atmospheric and oceanographic observations in the Southern Ocean by equipping the ship Marion Dufresne with a set of 17 scientific instruments. This program collected 700 d of measurements under different latitudes, seasons, sea states, and weather conditions. These new data will support the calibration and validation of numerical models and the understanding of the atmospheric composition of this region of Earth.
Adolfo González-Romero, Cristina González-Flórez, Agnesh Panta, Jesús Yus-Díez, Patricia Córdoba, Andres Alastuey, Natalia Moreno, Melani Hernández-Chiriboga, Konrad Kandler, Martina Klose, Roger N. Clark, Bethany L. Ehlmann, Rebecca N. Greenberger, Abigail M. Keebler, Phil Brodrick, Robert Green, Paul Ginoux, Xavier Querol, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 9155–9176, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9155-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9155-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this research, we studied the dust-emitting properties of crusts and aeolian ripples from the Mojave Desert. These properties are key to understanding the effect of dust upon climate. We found two different playa lakes according to the groundwater regime, which implies differences in crusts' cohesion state and mineralogy, which can affect the dust emission potential and properties. We also compare them with Moroccan Sahara crusts and Icelandic top sediments.
José Alex Zenteno-Hernández, Adolfo Comerón, Federico Dios, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez, Constantino Muñoz-Porcar, Michaël Sicard, Noemi Franco, Andreas Behrendt, and Paolo Di Girolamo
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 4687–4694, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-4687-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-4687-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We study how the spectral characteristics of a solid-state laser in an atmospheric temperature profiling lidar using the Raman technique impact the temperature retrieval accuracy. We find that the spectral widening, with respect to a seeded laser, has virtually no impact, while crystal-rod temperature variations in the laser must be kept within a range of 1 K for the uncertainty in the atmospheric temperature below 1 K. The study is carried out through spectroscopy simulations.
Nelson Bègue, Alexandre Baron, Gisèle Krysztofiak, Gwenaël Berthet, Corinna Kloss, Fabrice Jégou, Sergey Khaykin, Marion Ranaivombola, Tristan Millet, Thierry Portafaix, Valentin Duflot, Philippe Keckhut, Hélène Vérèmes, Guillaume Payen, Mahesh Kumar Sha, Pierre-François Coheur, Cathy Clerbaux, Michaël Sicard, Tetsu Sakai, Richard Querel, Ben Liley, Dan Smale, Isamu Morino, Osamu Uchino, Tomohiro Nagai, Penny Smale, John Robinson, and Hassan Bencherif
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8031–8048, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8031-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8031-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
During the 2020 austral summer, the pristine atmosphere of the southwest Indian Ocean basin experienced significant perturbations. Numerical models indicated that the lower-stratospheric aerosol content was influenced by the intense and persistent stratospheric aerosol layer generated during the 2019–2020 extreme Australian bushfire events. Ground-based observations at Réunion confirmed the simultaneous presence of African and Australian aerosol layers.
Adolfo González-Romero, Cristina González-Flórez, Agnesh Panta, Jesús Yus-Díez, Patricia Córdoba, Andres Alastuey, Natalia Moreno, Konrad Kandler, Martina Klose, Roger N. Clark, Bethany L. Ehlmann, Rebecca N. Greenberger, Abigail M. Keebler, Phil Brodrick, Robert O. Green, Xavier Querol, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6883–6910, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6883-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6883-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The knowledge of properties from dust emitted in high latitudes such as in Iceland is scarce. This study focuses on the particle size, mineralogy, cohesion, and iron mode of occurrence and reflectance spectra of dust-emitting sediments. Icelandic top sediments have lower cohesion state, coarser particle size, distinctive mineralogy, and 3-fold bulk Fe content, with a large presence of magnetite compared to Saharan crusts.
Jordi Massagué, Eduardo Torre-Pascual, Cristina Carnerero, Miguel Escudero, Andrés Alastuey, Marco Pandolfi, Xavier Querol, and Gotzon Gangoiti
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4827–4850, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4827-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4827-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study analyses three acute ozone episodes in Barcelona (NE Spain) which have occurred only in recent years and are of particular concern due to the city's significant population. The findings uncover a complex interplay of factors, notably shared among episodes, including pollution transport at different scales and specific weather and emission patterns. These insights significantly enhance our understanding of these occurrences and improve predictive capabilities.
C. Isabel Moreno, Radovan Krejci, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Gaëlle Uzu, Andrés Alastuey, Marcos F. Andrade, Valeria Mardóñez, Alkuin Maximilian Koenig, Diego Aliaga, Claudia Mohr, Laura Ticona, Fernando Velarde, Luis Blacutt, Ricardo Forno, David N. Whiteman, Alfred Wiedensohler, Patrick Ginot, and Paolo Laj
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2837–2860, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2837-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2837-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol chemical composition (ions, sugars, carbonaceous matter) from 2011 to 2020 was studied at Mt. Chacaltaya (5380 m a.s.l., Bolivian Andes). Minimum concentrations occur in the rainy season with maxima in the dry and transition seasons. The origins of the aerosol are located in a radius of hundreds of kilometers: nearby urban and rural areas, natural biogenic emissions, vegetation burning from Amazonia and Chaco, Pacific Ocean emissions, soil dust, and Peruvian volcanism.
Cristina Gil-Díaz, Michäel Sicard, Adolfo Comerón, Daniel Camilo Fortunato dos Santos Oliveira, Constantino Muñoz-Porcar, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez, Jasper R. Lewis, Ellsworth J. Welton, and Simone Lolli
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 1197–1216, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1197-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1197-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper, a statistical study of cirrus geometrical and optical properties based on 4 years of continuous ground-based lidar measurements with the Barcelona (Spain) Micro Pulse Lidar (MPL) is analysed. The cloud optical depth, effective column lidar ratio and linear cloud depolarisation ratio have been calculated by a new approach to the two-way transmittance method, which is valid for both ground-based and spaceborne lidar systems. Their associated errors are also provided.
Natalie M. Mahowald, Longlei Li, Julius Vira, Marje Prank, Douglas S. Hamilton, Hitoshi Matsui, Ron L. Miller, Louis Lu, Ezgi Akyuz, Daphne Meidan, Peter Hess, Heikki Lihavainen, Christine Wiedinmyer, Jenny Hand, Maria Grazia Alaimo, Célia Alves, Andres Alastuey, Paulo Artaxo, Africa Barreto, Francisco Barraza, Silvia Becagli, Giulia Calzolai, Shankarararman Chellam, Ying Chen, Patrick Chuang, David D. Cohen, Cristina Colombi, Evangelia Diapouli, Gaetano Dongarra, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Corinne Galy-Lacaux, Cassandra Gaston, Dario Gomez, Yenny González Ramos, Hannele Hakola, Roy M. Harrison, Chris Heyes, Barak Herut, Philip Hopke, Christoph Hüglin, Maria Kanakidou, Zsofia Kertesz, Zbiginiw Klimont, Katriina Kyllönen, Fabrice Lambert, Xiaohong Liu, Remi Losno, Franco Lucarelli, Willy Maenhaut, Beatrice Marticorena, Randall V. Martin, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, Yasser Morera-Gomez, Adina Paytan, Joseph Prospero, Sergio Rodríguez, Patricia Smichowski, Daniela Varrica, Brenna Walsh, Crystal Weagle, and Xi Zhao
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-1, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2024-1, 2024
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol particles can interact with incoming solar radiation and outgoing long wave radiation, change cloud properties, affect photochemistry, impact surface air quality, and when deposited impact surface albedo of snow and ice, and modulate carbon dioxide uptake by the land and ocean. Here we present a new compilation of aerosol observations including composition, a methodology for comparing the datasets to model output, and show the implications of these results using one model.
Xiaoxia Shang, Antti Lipponen, Maria Filioglou, Anu-Maija Sundström, Mark Parrington, Virginie Buchard, Anton S. Darmenov, Ellsworth J. Welton, Eleni Marinou, Vassilis Amiridis, Michael Sicard, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez, Mika Komppula, and Tero Mielonen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1329–1344, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1329-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1329-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In June 2019, smoke particles from a Canadian wildfire event were transported to Europe. The long-range-transported smoke plumes were monitored with a spaceborne lidar and reanalysis models. Based on the aerosol mass concentrations estimated from the observations, the reanalysis models had difficulties in reproducing the amount and location of the smoke aerosols during the transport event. Consequently, more spaceborne lidar missions are needed for reliable monitoring of aerosol plumes.
Juan Andrés Casquero-Vera, Daniel Pérez-Ramírez, Hassan Lyamani, Fernando Rejano, Andrea Casans, Gloria Titos, Francisco José Olmo, Lubna Dada, Simo Hakala, Tareq Hussein, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Pauli Paasonen, Antti Hyvärinen, Noemí Pérez, Xavier Querol, Sergio Rodríguez, Nikos Kalivitis, Yenny González, Mansour A. Alghamdi, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Andrés Alastuey, Tuukka Petäjä, and Lucas Alados-Arboledas
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15795–15814, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15795-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15795-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Here we present the first study of the effect of mineral dust on the inhibition/promotion of new particle formation (NPF) events in different dust-influenced areas. Unexpectedly, we show that the occurrence of NPF events is highly frequent during mineral dust outbreaks, occurring even during extreme dust outbreaks. We also show that the occurrence of NPF events during mineral dust outbreaks significantly affects the potential cloud condensation nuclei budget.
Adolfo González-Romero, Cristina González-Flórez, Agnesh Panta, Jesús Yus-Díez, Cristina Reche, Patricia Córdoba, Natalia Moreno, Andres Alastuey, Konrad Kandler, Martina Klose, Clarissa Baldo, Roger N. Clark, Zongbo Shi, Xavier Querol, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15815–15834, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15815-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15815-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The effect of dust emitted from desertic surfaces upon climate and ecosystems depends on size and mineralogy, but data from soil mineral atlases of desert soils are scarce. We performed particle-size distribution, mineralogy, and Fe speciation in southern Morocco. Results show coarser particles with high quartz proportion are near the elevated areas, while in depressed areas, sizes are finer, and proportions of clays and nano-Fe oxides are higher. This difference is important for dust modelling.
Alexandra Tsekeri, Anna Gialitaki, Marco Di Paolantonio, Davide Dionisi, Gian Luigi Liberti, Alnilam Fernandes, Artur Szkop, Aleksander Pietruczuk, Daniel Pérez-Ramírez, Maria J. Granados Muñoz, Juan Luis Guerrero-Rascado, Lucas Alados-Arboledas, Diego Bermejo Pantaleón, Juan Antonio Bravo-Aranda, Anna Kampouri, Eleni Marinou, Vassilis Amiridis, Michael Sicard, Adolfo Comerón, Constantino Muñoz-Porcar, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez, Salvatore Romano, Maria Rita Perrone, Xiaoxia Shang, Mika Komppula, Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri, Argyro Nisantzi, Diofantos Hadjimitsis, Francisco Navas-Guzmán, Alexander Haefele, Dominika Szczepanik, Artur Tomczak, Iwona S. Stachlewska, Livio Belegante, Doina Nicolae, Kalliopi Artemis Voudouri, Dimitris Balis, Athena A. Floutsi, Holger Baars, Linda Miladi, Nicolas Pascal, Oleg Dubovik, and Anton Lopatin
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 6025–6050, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-6025-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-6025-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
EARLINET/ACTRIS organized an intensive observational campaign in May 2020, with the objective of monitoring the atmospheric state over Europe during the COVID-19 lockdown and relaxation period. The work presented herein focuses on deriving a common methodology for applying a synergistic retrieval that utilizes the network's ground-based passive and active remote sensing measurements and deriving the aerosols from anthropogenic activities over Europe.
Tristan Millet, Hassan Bencherif, Thierry Portafaix, Nelson Bègue, Alexandre Baron, Valentin Duflot, Michaël Sicard, Jean-Marc Metzger, Guillaume Payen, Nicolas Marquestaut, and Sophie Godin-Beekmann
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2645, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2645, 2023
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
The eruption of the Hunga Tonga volcano in January 2022 released substantial amounts of aerosols, sulfur dioxide, and water vapor into the stratosphere. Satellite and ground instruments followed the displacement of the volcanic aerosol plume and its impact on ozone levels over the Indian Ocean. Ozone data reveal the presence of a persistent ozone mini-hole structure from 17 January to 22 January, with most ozone depletion occurring within the ozone layer at the location of the aerosol plume.
Valeria Mardoñez, Marco Pandolfi, Lucille Joanna S. Borlaza, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Andrés Alastuey, Jean-Luc Besombes, Isabel Moreno R., Noemi Perez, Griša Močnik, Patrick Ginot, Radovan Krejci, Vladislav Chrastny, Alfred Wiedensohler, Paolo Laj, Marcos Andrade, and Gaëlle Uzu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10325–10347, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10325-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10325-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
La Paz and El Alto are two fast-growing, high-altitude Bolivian cities forming the second-largest metropolitan area in the country. The sources of particulate matter (PM) in this conurbation were not previously investigated. This study identified 11 main sources of PM, of which dust and vehicular emissions stand out as the main ones. The influence of regional biomass combustion and local waste combustion was also observed, with the latter being a major source of hazardous compounds.
Jean-Philippe Putaud, Enrico Pisoni, Alexander Mangold, Christoph Hueglin, Jean Sciare, Michael Pikridas, Chrysanthos Savvides, Jakub Ondracek, Saliou Mbengue, Alfred Wiedensohler, Kay Weinhold, Maik Merkel, Laurent Poulain, Dominik van Pinxteren, Hartmut Herrmann, Andreas Massling, Claus Nordstroem, Andrés Alastuey, Cristina Reche, Noemí Pérez, Sonia Castillo, Mar Sorribas, Jose Antonio Adame, Tuukka Petaja, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Jarkko Niemi, Véronique Riffault, Joel F. de Brito, Augustin Colette, Olivier Favez, Jean-Eudes Petit, Valérie Gros, Maria I. Gini, Stergios Vratolis, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Evangelia Diapouli, Hugo Denier van der Gon, Karl Espen Yttri, and Wenche Aas
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10145–10161, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10145-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10145-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Many European people are still exposed to levels of air pollution that can affect their health. COVID-19 lockdowns in 2020 were used to assess the impact of the reduction in human mobility on air pollution across Europe by comparing measurement data with values that would be expected if no lockdown had occurred. We show that lockdown measures did not lead to consistent decreases in the concentrations of fine particulate matter suspended in the air, and we investigate why.
Cristina González-Flórez, Martina Klose, Andrés Alastuey, Sylvain Dupont, Jerónimo Escribano, Vicken Etyemezian, Adolfo Gonzalez-Romero, Yue Huang, Konrad Kandler, George Nikolich, Agnesh Panta, Xavier Querol, Cristina Reche, Jesús Yus-Díez, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7177–7212, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7177-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7177-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric mineral dust consists of tiny mineral particles that are emitted by wind erosion from arid regions. Its particle size distribution (PSD) affects its impact on the Earth's system. Nowadays, there is an incomplete understanding of the emitted dust PSD and a lot of debate about its variability. Here, we try to address these issues based on the measurements performed during a wind erosion and dust emission field campaign in the Moroccan Sahara within the framework of FRAGMENT project.
Adolfo Comerón, Constantino Muñoz-Porcar, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez, Michaël Sicard, Federico Dios, Cristina Gil-Díaz, Daniel Camilo Fortunato dos Santos Oliveira, and Francesc Rocadenbosch
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 3015–3025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-3015-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-3015-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We derive an explicit (i.e., non-iterative) formula for the retrieval of the overlap function in an aerosol lidar with both elastic and Raman N2 and/or O2 channels used for independent measurements of aerosol backscatter and extinction coefficients. The formula requires only the measured, range-corrected elastic and the corresponding Raman signals, plus an assumed lidar ratio. We assess the influence of the lidar ratio error in the overlap function retrieval and present retrieval examples.
Agnesh Panta, Konrad Kandler, Andres Alastuey, Cristina González-Flórez, Adolfo González-Romero, Martina Klose, Xavier Querol, Cristina Reche, Jesús Yus-Díez, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3861–3885, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3861-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3861-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Desert dust is a major aerosol component of the Earth system and affects the climate. Dust properties are influenced by particle size, mineralogy, shape, and mixing state. This work characterizes freshly emitted individual mineral dust particles from a major source region using electron microscopy. Our new insights into critical particle-specific information will contribute to better constraining climate models that consider mineralogical variations in their representation of the dust cycle.
María Ángeles López-Cayuela, Carmen Córdoba-Jabonero, Diego Bermejo-Pantaleón, Michaël Sicard, Vanda Salgueiro, Francisco Molero, Clara Violeta Carvajal-Pérez, María José Granados-Muñoz, Adolfo Comerón, Flavio T. Couto, Rubén Barragán, María-Paz Zorzano, Juan Antonio Bravo-Aranda, Constantino Muñoz-Porcar, María João Costa, Begoña Artíñano, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez, Daniele Bortoli, Manuel Pujadas, Jesús Abril-Gago, Lucas Alados-Arboledas, and Juan Luis Guerrero-Rascado
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 143–161, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-143-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-143-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
An intense Saharan dust outbreak crossing the Iberian Peninsula in springtime was monitored to determinine the specific contribution of fine and coarse dust particles at five lidar stations, strategically covering its SW–central–NE pathway. Expected dust ageing along the transport started unappreciated. A different fine-dust impact on optical (~30 %) and mass (~10 %) properties was found. Use of polarized lidar measurements (mainly in elastic systems) for fine/coarse dust separation is crucial.
Marta Via, Gang Chen, Francesco Canonaco, Kaspar R. Daellenbach, Benjamin Chazeau, Hasna Chebaicheb, Jianhui Jiang, Hannes Keernik, Chunshui Lin, Nicolas Marchand, Cristina Marin, Colin O'Dowd, Jurgita Ovadnevaite, Jean-Eudes Petit, Michael Pikridas, Véronique Riffault, Jean Sciare, Jay G. Slowik, Leïla Simon, Jeni Vasilescu, Yunjiang Zhang, Olivier Favez, André S. H. Prévôt, Andrés Alastuey, and María Cruz Minguillón
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 5479–5495, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-5479-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-5479-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This work presents the differences resulting from two techniques (rolling and seasonal) of the positive matrix factorisation model that can be run for organic aerosol source apportionment. The current state of the art suggests that the rolling technique is more accurate, but no proof of its effectiveness has been provided yet. This paper tackles this issue in the context of a synthetic dataset and a multi-site real-world comparison.
Jesús Yus-Díez, Marta Via, Andrés Alastuey, Angeliki Karanasiou, María Cruz Minguillón, Noemí Perez, Xavier Querol, Cristina Reche, Matic Ivančič, Martin Rigler, and Marco Pandolfi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 8439–8456, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8439-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-8439-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents the absorption enhancement of internally and externally mixed black carbon (BC) particles in a Mediterranean city and countryside. We showed the importance of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) and particle ageing by increasing the BC absorption enhancement. We performed a trend analysis on the absorption enhancement. We found a positive trend of the absorption enhancement at the regional station in summer driven by the increase over time of the relative contribution of SOA.
Michaël Sicard, Daniel Camilo Fortunato dos Santos Oliveira, Constantino Muñoz-Porcar, Cristina Gil-Díaz, Adolfo Comerón, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez, and Federico Dios Otín
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 7681–7697, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7681-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7681-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric particles can absorb water vapor, and this water uptake may change their properties, e.g., their size. In the coastal region of Barcelona, Spain, we observe that (1) smaller particles absorb more water vapor, in relative terms, than larger particles and (2) the particle capacity to absorb water vapor has no annual tendency, probably because the site background is quite constant (urban + marine aerosol regime).
Lian Zong, Yuanjian Yang, Haiyun Xia, Meng Gao, Zhaobin Sun, Zuofang Zheng, Xianxiang Li, Guicai Ning, Yubin Li, and Simone Lolli
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 6523–6538, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6523-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6523-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Heatwaves (HWs) paired with higher ozone (O3) concentration at surface level pose a serious threat to human health. Taking Beijing as an example, three unfavorable synoptic weather patterns were identified to dominate the compound HW and O3 pollution events. Under the synergistic stress of HWs and O3 pollution, public mortality risk increased, and synoptic patterns and urbanization enhanced the compound risk of events in Beijing by 33.09 % and 18.95 %, respectively.
M. Dolores Andrés Hernández, Andreas Hilboll, Helmut Ziereis, Eric Förster, Ovid O. Krüger, Katharina Kaiser, Johannes Schneider, Francesca Barnaba, Mihalis Vrekoussis, Jörg Schmidt, Heidi Huntrieser, Anne-Marlene Blechschmidt, Midhun George, Vladyslav Nenakhov, Theresa Harlass, Bruna A. Holanda, Jennifer Wolf, Lisa Eirenschmalz, Marc Krebsbach, Mira L. Pöhlker, Anna B. Kalisz Hedegaard, Linlu Mei, Klaus Pfeilsticker, Yangzhuoran Liu, Ralf Koppmann, Hans Schlager, Birger Bohn, Ulrich Schumann, Andreas Richter, Benjamin Schreiner, Daniel Sauer, Robert Baumann, Mariano Mertens, Patrick Jöckel, Markus Kilian, Greta Stratmann, Christopher Pöhlker, Monica Campanelli, Marco Pandolfi, Michael Sicard, José L. Gómez-Amo, Manuel Pujadas, Katja Bigge, Flora Kluge, Anja Schwarz, Nikos Daskalakis, David Walter, Andreas Zahn, Ulrich Pöschl, Harald Bönisch, Stephan Borrmann, Ulrich Platt, and John P. Burrows
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5877–5924, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5877-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5877-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
EMeRGe provides a unique set of in situ and remote sensing airborne measurements of trace gases and aerosol particles along selected flight routes in the lower troposphere over Europe. The interpretation uses also complementary collocated ground-based and satellite measurements. The collected data help to improve the current understanding of the complex spatial distribution of trace gases and aerosol particles resulting from mixing, transport, and transformation of pollution plumes over Europe.
Juan Cuesta, Lorenzo Costantino, Matthias Beekmann, Guillaume Siour, Laurent Menut, Bertrand Bessagnet, Tony C. Landi, Gaëlle Dufour, and Maxim Eremenko
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 4471–4489, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4471-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4471-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We present the first comprehensive study integrating satellite observations of near-surface ozone pollution, surface in situ measurements, and a chemistry-transport model for quantifying the role of anthropogenic emission reductions during the COVID-19 lockdown in spring 2020. It confirms the occurrence of a net enhancement of ozone in central Europe and a reduction elsewhere, except for some hotspots, linked with the reduction of precursor emissions from Europe and the Northern Hemisphere.
Michaël Sicard, Carmen Córdoba-Jabonero, María-Ángeles López-Cayuela, Albert Ansmann, Adolfo Comerón, María-Paz Zorzano, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez, and Constantino Muñoz-Porcar
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 1921–1937, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1921-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1921-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This paper completes the companion paper of Córdoba-Jabonero et al. (2021). We estimate the total direct radiative effect produced by mineral dust particles during the June 2019 mega-heatwave at two sites in Spain and Germany. The results show that the dust particles in the atmosphere contribute to cooling the surface (less radiation reaches the surface) and that the heatwave (parametrized by high surface and air temperatures) contributes to reducing this cooling.
Jesús Abril-Gago, Juan Luis Guerrero-Rascado, Maria João Costa, Juan Antonio Bravo-Aranda, Michaël Sicard, Diego Bermejo-Pantaleón, Daniele Bortoli, María José Granados-Muñoz, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez, Constantino Muñoz-Porcar, Adolfo Comerón, Pablo Ortiz-Amezcua, Vanda Salgueiro, Marta María Jiménez-Martín, and Lucas Alados-Arboledas
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 1425–1451, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1425-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1425-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A validation of Aeolus reprocessed optical products is carried out via an intercomparison with ground-based measurements taken at several ACTRIS/EARLINET stations in western Europe. Case studies and a statistical analysis are presented. The stations are located in a hot spot between Africa and the rest of Europe, which guarantees a variety of aerosol types, from mineral dust layers to continental/anthropogenic aerosol, and allows us to test Aeolus performance under different scenarios.
Michaël Sicard, Oriol Jorba, Jiang Ji Ho, Rebeca Izquierdo, Concepción De Linares, Marta Alarcón, Adolfo Comerón, and Jordina Belmonte
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 17807–17832, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17807-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17807-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This paper investigates the mechanisms involved in the dispersion, structure, and mixing in the vertical column of atmospheric pollen, using observations of pollen concentration obtained at the ground and its stratification in the atmosphere measured by a lidar (laser radar), as well as an atmospheric transport model and a simplified pollen module developed especially for this study. The largest pollen concentration difference between the ground and the layers above is observed during nighttime.
Clémence Rose, Martine Collaud Coen, Elisabeth Andrews, Yong Lin, Isaline Bossert, Cathrine Lund Myhre, Thomas Tuch, Alfred Wiedensohler, Markus Fiebig, Pasi Aalto, Andrés Alastuey, Elisabeth Alonso-Blanco, Marcos Andrade, Begoña Artíñano, Todor Arsov, Urs Baltensperger, Susanne Bastian, Olaf Bath, Johan Paul Beukes, Benjamin T. Brem, Nicolas Bukowiecki, Juan Andrés Casquero-Vera, Sébastien Conil, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Olivier Favez, Harald Flentje, Maria I. Gini, Francisco Javier Gómez-Moreno, Martin Gysel-Beer, Anna Gannet Hallar, Ivo Kalapov, Nikos Kalivitis, Anne Kasper-Giebl, Melita Keywood, Jeong Eun Kim, Sang-Woo Kim, Adam Kristensson, Markku Kulmala, Heikki Lihavainen, Neng-Huei Lin, Hassan Lyamani, Angela Marinoni, Sebastiao Martins Dos Santos, Olga L. Mayol-Bracero, Frank Meinhardt, Maik Merkel, Jean-Marc Metzger, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, Jakub Ondracek, Marco Pandolfi, Noemi Pérez, Tuukka Petäjä, Jean-Eudes Petit, David Picard, Jean-Marc Pichon, Veronique Pont, Jean-Philippe Putaud, Fabienne Reisen, Karine Sellegri, Sangeeta Sharma, Gerhard Schauer, Patrick Sheridan, James Patrick Sherman, Andreas Schwerin, Ralf Sohmer, Mar Sorribas, Junying Sun, Pierre Tulet, Ville Vakkari, Pieter Gideon van Zyl, Fernando Velarde, Paolo Villani, Stergios Vratolis, Zdenek Wagner, Sheng-Hsiang Wang, Kay Weinhold, Rolf Weller, Margarita Yela, Vladimir Zdimal, and Paolo Laj
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 17185–17223, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17185-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17185-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol particles are a complex component of the atmospheric system the effects of which are among the most uncertain in climate change projections. Using data collected at 62 stations, this study provides the most up-to-date picture of the spatial distribution of particle number concentration and size distribution worldwide, with the aim of contributing to better representation of aerosols and their interactions with clouds in models and, therefore, better evaluation of their impact on climate.
Mariana Adam, Iwona S. Stachlewska, Lucia Mona, Nikolaos Papagiannopoulos, Juan Antonio Bravo-Aranda, Michaël Sicard, Doina N. Nicolae, Livio Belegante, Lucja Janicka, Dominika Szczepanik, Maria Mylonaki, Christina-Anna Papanikolaou, Nikolaos Siomos, Kalliopi Artemis Voudouri, Luca Alados-Arboledas, Arnoud Apituley, Ina Mattis, Anatoli Chaikovsky, Constantino Muñoz-Porcar, Aleksander Pietruczuk, Daniele Bortoli, Holger Baars, Ivan Grigorov, and Zahary Peshev
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-759, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-759, 2021
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
Results over 10 years of biomass burning events measured by EARLINET are analysed by means of the intensive parameters, based on the methodology described in Part I. Smoke type is characterized for each of the four geographical regions based on continental smoke origin. Relationships between intensive parameters or colour ratios are shown. The smoke is labelled in average as aged smoke.
Cited articles
Abshire, J. B., Riris, H., Allan, G. R., Weaver, C. J., Mao, J., Sun, X.,
Hasselbrack, W. E., Kawa, S. R., and Biraud, S.: Pulsed airborne lidar
measurements of atmospheric CO2 column absorption, Tellus B, 62, 770–783, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2010.00502.x, 2010. a
Ackermann, J.: The extinction-to-backscatter ratio of tropospheric aerosol: A
numerical study, J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol., 15,
1043–1050, 1998. a
Adler, C., Wester, P., Bhatt, I., Huggel, C., Insarov, G., Morecroft, M.,
Muccione, V., and Prakash, A.: Cross-Chapter Paper 5: Mountains,
2273–2318, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, USA,
https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/chapter/ccp5/ (last access: 10 October 2023), 2022. a
Alados-Arboledas, L., Müller, D., Guerrero-Rascado, J., Navas-Guzmán,
F., Pérez-Ramírez, D., and Olmo, F.: Optical and microphysical
properties of fresh biomass burning aerosol retrieved by Raman lidar, and
star-and sun-photometry, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, 1, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL045999, 2011. a
Ali, E., Cramer, W., Carnicer, J., Georgopoulou, E., Hilmi, N. J. M., Le Cozannet, G., and Lionello, P.: Cross-Chapter Paper 4: Mediterranean Region, in: Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by: Pörtner, H.-O., Roberts, D. C., Tignor, M., Poloczanska, E. S., Mintenbeck, K., Alegría, A., Craig, M., Langsdorf, S., Löschke, S., Möller, V., Okem, A., and Rama, B., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, 2233–2272, 2022. a
Amiridis, V., Balis, D. S., Giannakaki, E., Stohl, A., Kazadzis, S., Koukouli, M. E., and Zanis, P.: Optical characteristics of biomass burning aerosols over Southeastern Europe determined from UV-Raman lidar measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 2431–2440, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-2431-2009, 2009. a
Ancellet, G., Pelon, J., Totems, J., Chazette, P., Bazureau, A., Sicard, M., Di Iorio, T., Dulac, F., and Mallet, M.: Long-range transport and mixing of aerosol sources during the 2013 North American biomass burning episode: analysis of multiple lidar observations in the western Mediterranean basin, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 4725–4742, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-4725-2016, 2016. a
Ansmann, A., Bösenberg, J., Chaikovsky, A., Comerón, A., Eckhardt, S.,
Eixmann, R., Freudenthaler, V., Ginoux, P., Komguem, L., Linné, H.,
Lopez Máquez, M. A., Matthias, V., Mattis, I., Mitev, V., Muller, D., Music, S., Nickovic, S., Pelon, J., Sauvage, L., Sobolewsky, P., Srivastava, M. K., Stohl, A., Torres, O., Vaughan, G., Wandinge, U., and Wiegner, M.: Long-range transport of Saharan dust to northern Europe: The 11–16
October 2001 outbreak observed with EARLINET, J. Geophys.
Res.-Atmos., 108, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD003757, 2003. a
Ansmann, A., Tesche, M., Groß, S., Freudenthaler, V., Seifert, P., Hiebsch,
A., Schmidt, J., Wandinger, U., Mattis, I., Müller, D., and Wiegner, M.: The 16
April 2010 major volcanic ash plume over central Europe: EARLINET lidar and
AERONET photometer observations at Leipzig and Munich, Germany, Geophys.
Res. Lett., 37, 13, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL043809, 2010. a
Basart, S., Pérez, C., Nickovic, S., Cuevas, E., and Baldasano, J. M.:
Development and evaluation of the BSC-DREAM8b dust regional model over
Northern Africa, the Mediterranean and the Middle East, Tellus B, 64, 18539 p., https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v64i0.18539, 2012. a
Beer, A.: Bestimmung der Absorption des rothen Lichts in farbigen
Flüssigkeiten, Ann. Phys., 86, 78–88, 1852. a
Bilal, M., Nichol, J. E., Nazeer, M., Shi, Y., Wang, L., Kumar, K. R., Ho,
H. C., Mazhar, U., Bleiweiss, M. P., Qiu, Z., Khedher, K. M., and Lolli, S.: Characteristics of fine
particulate matter (PM2.5) over urban, suburban, and rural areas of Hong
Kong, Atmosphere, 10, 496, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10090496, 2019. a
Browell, E., Ismail, S., and Grant, W.: Differential absorption lidar (DIAL)
measurements from air and space, Appl. Phys. B, 67, 399–410, 1998. a
Burton, S. P., Ferrare, R. A., Hostetler, C. A., Hair, J. W., Rogers, R. R., Obland, M. D., Butler, C. F., Cook, A. L., Harper, D. B., and Froyd, K. D.: Aerosol classification using airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar measurements – methodology and examples, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 5, 73–98, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-5-73-2012, 2012. a
Campbell, J. R., Lolli, S., Lewis, J. R., Gu, Y., and Welton, E. J.: Daytime
cirrus cloud top-of-the-atmosphere radiative forcing properties at a
midlatitude site and their global consequences, J. Appl.d
Meteorol. Climatol., 55, 1667–1679, 2016. a
Campbell, J. R., Peterson, D. A., Marquis, J. W., Fochesatto, G. J., Vaughan,
M. A., Stewart, S. A., Tackett, J. L., Lolli, S., Lewis, J. R., Oyola, M. I.,
and Welton, E. J.: Unusually Deep Wintertime Cirrus Clouds Observed over the
Alaskan Subarctic, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 99,
27–32, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0084.1, 2018. a
Carnuth, W., Kempfer, U., and Trickl, T.: Highlights of the tropospheric lidar
studies at IFU within the TOR project, Tellus B, 54, 163–185, 2002. a
Ciofini, M., Lapucci, A., and Lolli, S.: Diffractive optical components for
high power laser beam sampling, J. Optics A,
5, 186–191, https://doi.org/10.1088/1464-4258/5/3/308, 2003. a
Cohen, J. B. and Wang, C.: Estimating global black carbon emissions using a
top-down Kalman Filter approach, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 119, 307–323, 2014. a
Cramer, W., Guiot, J., Fader, M., Garrabou, J., Gattuso, J.-P., Iglesias, A.,
Lange, M. A., Lionello, P., Llasat, M. C., Paz, S.,
Peñuelas, J., Snoussi, M., Toreti, A., Tsimplis, M. N., and Xoplaki, E.: Climate change
and interconnected risks to sustainable development in the Mediterranean,
Nat. Clim. Change, 8, 972–980, 2018. a
Crosier, J., Allan, J., Coe, H., Bower, K., Formenti, P., and Williams, P.:
Chemical composition of summertime aerosol in the Po Valley (Italy), northern
Adriatic and Black Sea, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological
Society: A journal of the atmospheric sciences, Appl. Meteorol.
Phys. Oceanogr., 133, 61–75, 2007. a
D'Amico, G., Amodeo, A., Baars, H., Binietoglou, I., Freudenthaler, V., Mattis, I., Wandinger, U., and Pappalardo, G.: EARLINET Single Calculus Chain – overview on methodology and strategy, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 8, 4891–4916, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-4891-2015, 2015. a, b, c, d
D'Amico, G., Amodeo, A., Mattis, I., Freudenthaler, V., and Pappalardo, G.: EARLINET Single Calculus Chain – technical – Part 1: Pre-processing of raw lidar data, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 491–507, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-491-2016, 2016. a, b, c
Di Tomaso, E., Escribano, J., Basart, S., Ginoux, P., Macchia, F., Barnaba, F., Benincasa, F., Bretonnière, P.-A., Buñuel, A., Castrillo, M., Cuevas, E., Formenti, P., Gonçalves, M., Jorba, O., Klose, M., Mona, L., Montané Pinto, G., Mytilinaios, M., Obiso, V., Olid, M., Schutgens, N., Votsis, A., Werner, E., and Pérez García-Pando, C.: The MONARCH high-resolution reanalysis of desert dust aerosol over Northern Africa, the Middle East and Europe (2007–2016), Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 2785–2816, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2785-2022, 2022. a
Ehret, G., Bousquet, P., Pierangelo, C., Alpers, M., Millet, B., Abshire,
J. B., Bovensmann, H., Burrows, J. P., Chevallier, F., Ciais, P., Crevoisier, C., Fix, A., Flamant, P., Frankenberg, C.,
Fabien Gibert , Birgit Heim , Martin Heimann, Sander Houweling,
Hans W. Hubberten , Patrick Jöckel ID , Kathy Law , Alexander Löw, Julia Marshall,
Anna Agusti-Panareda ID , Sebastien Payan , Catherine Prigent , Patrick Rairoux,
Torsten Sachs , Marko Scholze and Martin Wirth:
MERLIN: A French-German space lidar mission dedicated to atmospheric methane,
Remote Sens., 9, 1052, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9101052, 2017. a
Evan, A. T., Flamant, C., Gaetani, M., and Guichard, F.: The past, present and
future of African dust, Nature, 531, 493–495, 2016. a
Fan, H., Zhao, C., Yang, Y., and Yang, X.: Spatio-temporal variations of the
PM2. 5/PM10 ratios and its application to air pollution type classification
in China, Front. Environ. Sci., 9, 692440, https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.692440, 2021. a
Fernald, F. G.: Analysis of atmospheric lidar observations: some comments,
Appl. Opt., 23, 652–653, 1984. a
Ferrare, R., Turner, D., Clayton, M., Schmid, B., Redemann, J., Covert, D.,
Elleman, R., Ogren, J., Andrews, E., Goldsmith, J. E., and Jonsson, H.: Evaluation of
daytime measurements of aerosols and water vapor made by an operational Raman
lidar over the Southern Great Plains, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 111, D05S08, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD005836, 2006. a
Freudenthaler, V., Esselborn, M., Wiegner, M., Heese, B., Tesche, M., Ansmann,
A., Müller, D., Althausen, D., Wirth, M., Fix, A., Ehret, G., Knippertz, P., Toledano, C., Gasteiger, J., Garhammer, M., and Seefeldner, M.: Depolarization
ratio profiling at several wavelengths in pure Saharan dust during SAMUM
2006, Tellus B, 61, 165–179, 2009. a, b, c
Giles, D. M., Sinyuk, A., Sorokin, M. G., Schafer, J. S., Smirnov, A., Slutsker, I., Eck, T. F., Holben, B. N., Lewis, J. R., Campbell, J. R., Welton, E. J., Korkin, S. V., and Lyapustin, A. I.: Advancements in the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) Version 3 database – automated near-real-time quality control algorithm with improved cloud screening for Sun photometer aerosol optical depth (AOD) measurements, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 169–209, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-169-2019, 2019. a, b, c, d
Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO): MERRA-2 inst6_3d_ana_Np: 3d,6-Hourly,Instantaneous,Pressure-Level,Analysis,Analyzed Meteorological Fields V5.12.4, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), https://doi.org/10.5067/FH9A0MLJPC7N, 2015. a, b
Gross, S., Freudenthaler, V., Wiegner, M., Gasteiger, J., Geiss, A., and
Schnell, F.: Dual-wavelength linear depolarization ratio of volcanic
aerosols: Lidar measurements of the Eyjafjallajökull plume over Maisach,
Germany, Atmos. Environ., 48, 85–96, 2012. a
Grund, C. J. and Eloranta, E. W.: University of Wisconsin high spectral
resolution lidar, Opt. Eng., 30, 6–12, 1991. a
Guerrero-Rascado, J., Ruiz, B., and Alados-Arboledas, L.: Multi-spectral Lidar
characterization of the vertical structure of Saharan dust aerosol over
southern Spain, Atmos. Environ., 42, 2668–2681, 2008. a
Haarig, M., Ansmann, A., Baars, H., Jimenez, C., Veselovskii, I., Engelmann, R., and Althausen, D.: Depolarization and lidar ratios at 355, 532, and 1064 nm and microphysical properties of aged tropospheric and stratospheric Canadian wildfire smoke, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 11847–11861, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11847-2018, 2018. a, b, c
Hirsch, R. M., Slack, J. R., and Smith, R. A.: Techniques of trend analysis for
monthly water quality data, Water Resour. Res., 18, 107–121, 1982. a
Holben, B. N., Eck, T. F., Slutsker, I. A., Tanre, D., Buis, J., Setzer, A.,
Vermote, E., Reagan, J. A., Kaufman, Y., Nakajima, T., Lavenu, F., Jankowiak, I., and Smirnov, A.: AERONET – A
federated instrument network and data archive for aerosol characterization,
Remote Sens. Environ., 66, 1–16, 1998. a, b, c, d
Huang, T., Yang, Y., O’Connor, E. J., Lolli, S., Haywood, J., Osborne, M.,
Cheng, J. C.-H., Guo, J., and Yim, S. H.-L.: Influence of a weak typhoon on
the vertical distribution of air pollution in Hong Kong: A perspective from a
Doppler LiDAR network, Environ. Pollut., 276, 116534, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116534, 2021. a
Klett, J. D.: Stable analytical inversion solution for processing lidar
returns, Appl. Opt., 20, 211–220, 1981. a
Landi, T. C., Bonasoni, P., Brunetti, M., Campbell, J. R., Marquis, J. W.,
Di Girolamo, P., and Lolli, S.: Aerosol Direct Radiative Effects under
Cloud-Free Conditions over Highly-Polluted Areas in Europe and Mediterranean:
A Ten-Years Analysis (2007–2016), Remote Sens., 13, 2933,
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13152933, 2021. a, b, c
Lautenbacher, C.: The global earth observation system of systems (GEOSS), in:
2005 IEEE International Symposium on Mass Storage Systems and Technology,
47–50, IEEE, https://doi.org/10.1109/LGDI.2005.1612463, 2005. a
Levy, R. C., Remer, L. A., Kleidman, R. G., Mattoo, S., Ichoku, C., Kahn, R., and Eck, T. F.: Global evaluation of the Collection 5 MODIS dark-target aerosol products over land, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 10399–10420, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-10399-2010, 2010. a
Lewis, S. C., King, A. D., Perkins-Kirkpatrick, S. E., and Mitchell, D. M.:
Regional hotspots of temperature extremes under 1.5 C and 2 C of global mean
warming, Weather and Climate Extremes, 26, 100233, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wace.2019.100233, 2019. a
Liu, B., Ma, Y., Gong, W., and Zhang, M.: Observations of aerosol color ratio
and depolarization ratio over Wuhan, Atmos. Pollut. Res., 8,
1113–1122, 2017. a
Lolli, S.: Machine Learning Techniques for Vertical Lidar-Based Detection,
Characterization, and Classification of Aerosols and Clouds: A Comprehensive
Survey, Remote Sens., 15, 4318, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15174318, 2023. a
Lolli, S., Welton, E., and Sauvage, L.: EZ LIDAR™ measurement results in the
frame of Indian Monsoon TIGER-Z NASA campaign, in: Proc. of SPIE Vol, Vol. 7111, 71 110I–1, 2008. a
Lolli, S., Sauvage, L., Loaec, S., and Lardier, M.: EZ Lidar: A new compact
autonomous eye-safe scanning aerosol Lidar for extinction measurements and
PBL height detection. Validation of the performances against other
instruments and intercomparison campaigns, Óptica Pura y Aplicada, 44,
33–41, 2011. a
Lolli, S., Delaval, A., Loth, C., Garnier, A., and Flamant, P. H.: 0.355-micrometer direct detection wind lidar under testing during a field campaign in consideration of ESA's ADM-Aeolus mission, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 6, 3349–3358, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-3349-2013, 2013. a
Lolli, S., Campbell, J. R., Lewis, J. R., Gu, Y., Marquis, J. W., Chew, B. N.,
Liew, S.-C., Salinas, S. V., and Welton, E. J.: Daytime Top-of-the-Atmosphere
Cirrus Cloud Radiative Forcing Properties at Singapore, J. Appl.
Meteorol. Climatol., 56, 1249–1257, 2017. a
Lolli, S., Khor, W. Y., Matjafri, M. Z., and Lim, H. S.: Monsoon season
quantitative assessment of biomass burning clear-sky aerosol radiative effect
at surface by ground-based lidar observations in Pulau Pinang, Malaysia in
2014, Remote Sens., 11, 2660, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11222660, 2019. a
Mamouri, R. E. and Ansmann, A.: Fine and coarse dust separation with polarization lidar, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 7, 3717–3735, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-3717-2014, 2014. a
Mamouri, R.-E., Ansmann, A., Nisantzi, A., Kokkalis, P., Schwarz, A., and
Hadjimitsis, D.: Low Arabian dust extinction-to-backscatter ratio,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 4762–4766, 2013. a
Marenco, F., Santacesaria, V., Bais, A. F., Balis, D., di Sarra, A.,
Papayannis, A., and Zerefos, C.: Optical properties of tropospheric aerosols
determined by lidar and spectrophotometric measurements (Photochemical
Activity and Solar Ultraviolet Radiation campaign), Appl. Opt., 36,
6875–6886, 1997. a
Marinou, E., Amiridis, V., Binietoglou, I., Tsikerdekis, A., Solomos, S., Proestakis, E., Konsta, D., Papagiannopoulos, N., Tsekeri, A., Vlastou, G., Zanis, P., Balis, D., Wandinger, U., and Ansmann, A.: Three-dimensional evolution of Saharan dust transport towards Europe based on a 9-year EARLINET-optimized CALIPSO dataset, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 5893–5919, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5893-2017, 2017. a
Mattis, I., Siefert, P., Müller, D., Tesche, M., Hiebsch, A., Kanitz, T.,
Schmidt, J., Finger, F., Wandinger, U., and Ansmann, A.: Volcanic aerosol
layers observed with multiwavelength Raman lidar over central Europe in
2008–2009, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 115, D00L04, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD013472, 2010. a
Mazzola, M., Lanconelli, C., Lupi, A., Busetto, M., Vitale, V., and Tomasi, C.:
Columnar aerosol optical properties in the Po Valley, Italy, from MFRSR data,
J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 115, D17206, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD013310, 2010. a, b
Mona, L., Amodeo, A., Pandolfi, M., and Pappalardo, G.: Saharan dust intrusions
in the Mediterranean area: Three years of Raman lidar measurements, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 111, D16203, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006569, 2006. a
Mueller, D., Uibel, S., Takemura, M., Klingelhoefer, D., and Groneberg, D. A.:
Ships, ports and particulate air pollution-an analysis of recent studies,
J. Occup. Med. Toxicol., 6, 1–6, 2011. a
Müller, D., Mattis, I., Wandinger, U., Ansmann, A., Althausen, D., and
Stohl, A.: Raman lidar observations of aged Siberian and Canadian forest fire
smoke in the free troposphere over Germany in 2003: Microphysical particle
characterization, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 110, D17201, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD005756, 2005. a
Navas-Guzmán, F., Müller, D., Bravo-Aranda, J., Guerrero-Rascado, J.,
Granados-Muñoz, M., Pérez-Ramírez, D., Olmo, F., and
Alados-Arboledas, L.: Eruption of the Eyjafjallajökull Volcano in spring
2010: Multiwavelength Raman lidar measurements of sulphate particles in the
lower troposphere, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 118,
1804–1813, 2013. a
Nicholls, R. J., Wong, P. P., Burkett, V., Woodroffe, C. D., and Hay, J.:
Climate change and coastal vulnerability assessment: scenarios for integrated assessment,
Springer, Sustain Sci., 3, 89–102, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-008-0050-4, 2008. a
Nickovic, S., Kallos, G., Papadopoulos, A., and Kakaliagou, O.: A model for
prediction of desert dust cycle in the atmosphere, J. Geophys.
Res.-Atmos., 106, 18113–18129, 2001. a
Nisantzi, A., Mamouri, R. E., Ansmann, A., and Hadjimitsis, D.: Injection of mineral dust into the free troposphere during fire events observed with polarization lidar at Limassol, Cyprus, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 12155–12165, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12155-2014, 2014. a
Nisantzi, A., Mamouri, R. E., Ansmann, A., Schuster, G. L., and Hadjimitsis, D. G.: Middle East versus Saharan dust extinction-to-backscatter ratios, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 7071–7084, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-7071-2015, 2015. a
Papayannis, A., Amiridis, V., Mona, L., Tsaknakis, G., Balis, D.,
Bösenberg, J., Chaikovski, A., De Tomasi, F., Grigorov, I., Mattis, I.,
et al.: Systematic lidar observations of Saharan dust over Europe in the
frame of EARLINET (2000–2002), J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.,
113, D10204, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009028, 2008. a
Papayannis, A., Mamouri, R., Amiridis, V., Giannakaki, E., Veselovskii, I.,
Kokkalis, P., Tsaknakis, G., Balis, D., Kristiansen, N., Stohl, A., et al.:
Optical properties and vertical extension of aged ash layers over the Eastern
Mediterranean as observed by Raman lidars during the Eyjafjallajökull
eruption in May 2010, Atmos. Environ., 48, 56–65, 2012. a
Pappalardo, G., Amodeo, A., Mona, L., Pandolfi, M., Pergola, N., and Cuomo, V.:
Raman lidar observations of aerosol emitted during the 2002 Etna eruption,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L05120, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GL019073, 2004. a
Pappalardo, G., Wandinger, U., Mona, L., Hiebsch, A., Mattis, I., Amodeo, A.,
Ansmann, A., Seifert, P., Linné, H., Apituley, A., et al.: EARLINET
correlative measurements for CALIPSO: First intercomparison results, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 115, D00H19, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD012147, 2010. a
Pappalardo, G., Mona, L., D'Amico, G., Wandinger, U., Adam, M., Amodeo, A., Ansmann, A., Apituley, A., Alados Arboledas, L., Balis, D., Boselli, A., Bravo-Aranda, J. A., Chaikovsky, A., Comeron, A., Cuesta, J., De Tomasi, F., Freudenthaler, V., Gausa, M., Giannakaki, E., Giehl, H., Giunta, A., Grigorov, I., Groß, S., Haeffelin, M., Hiebsch, A., Iarlori, M., Lange, D., Linné, H., Madonna, F., Mattis, I., Mamouri, R.-E., McAuliffe, M. A. P., Mitev, V., Molero, F., Navas-Guzman, F., Nicolae, D., Papayannis, A., Perrone, M. R., Pietras, C., Pietruczuk, A., Pisani, G., Preißler, J., Pujadas, M., Rizi, V., Ruth, A. A., Schmidt, J., Schnell, F., Seifert, P., Serikov, I., Sicard, M., Simeonov, V., Spinelli, N., Stebel, K., Tesche, M., Trickl, T., Wang, X., Wagner, F., Wiegner, M., and Wilson, K. M.: Four-dimensional distribution of the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull volcanic cloud over Europe observed by EARLINET, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 4429–4450, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-4429-2013, 2013. a
Pappalardo, G., Amodeo, A., Apituley, A., Comeron, A., Freudenthaler, V., Linné, H., Ansmann, A., Bösenberg, J., D'Amico, G., Mattis, I., Mona, L., Wandinger, U., Amiridis, V., Alados-Arboledas, L., Nicolae, D., and Wiegner, M.: EARLINET: towards an advanced sustainable European aerosol lidar network, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 7, 2389–2409, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-2389-2014, 2014. a, b, c
Pope III, C. A. and Dockery, D. W.: Health effects of fine particulate air
pollution: lines that connect, J. Air Waste Manage.
Assoc., 56, 709–742, 2006. a
Qin, K., Lu, L., Liu, J., He, Q., Shi, J., Deng, W., Wang, S., and Cohen,
J. B.: Model-free daily inversion of NOx emissions using TROPOMI (MCMFE-NOx)
and its uncertainty: Declining regulated emissions and growth of new sources,
Remote Sens. Environ., 295, 113720, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2023.113720, 2023. a
Reche, C., Perez, N., Alastuey, A., Cots, N., Pérez, E., and Querol, X.:
2011–2020 trends of urban and regional ammonia in and around Barcelona, NE
Spain, Chemosphere, 304, 135347, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135347, 2022. a, b
Reichardt, J., Wandinger, U., Klein, V., Mattis, I., Hilber, B., and Begbie,
R.: RAMSES: German Meteorological Service autonomous Raman lidar for water
vapor, temperature, aerosol, and cloud measurements, Appl. Opt., 51,
8111–8131, 2012. a
Rodríguez-Gómez, A., Sicard, M., Granados-Muñoz, M.-J.,
Ben Chahed, E., Muñoz-Porcar, C., Barragán, R., Comerón, A.,
Rocadenbosch, F., and Vidal, E.: An architecture providing depolarization
ratio capability for a multi-wavelength raman lidar: Implementation and first
measurements, Sensors, 17, 2957, https://doi.org/10.3390/s17122957, 2017. a, b, c, d
Rodríguez-Gómez, A., Muñoz-Porcar, C., Zenteno-Hernández,
J.-A., Comerón, A., Dios, F., Sicard, M., Gil-Díaz, C., Oliveira, D.
C. F., and Mandal, C.: Use of pure rotational Raman channels for lidar
measurement of aerosol extinction coefficient: the EARLINET/ACTRIS Barcelona
station experience, in: Remote Sensing of Clouds and the Atmosphere XXVII,
Vol. 12265, 60–70, SPIE, 2022. a, b, c
Salvador, P., Pey, J., Pérez, N., Querol, X., and Artíñano, B.:
Increasing atmospheric dust transport towards the western Mediterranean over
1948–2020, Clim. Atmos. Sci., 5, 34, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-022-00256-4, 2022. a, b, c
Sicard, M., Rocadenbosch, F., Reba, M. N. M., Comerón, A., Tomás, S., García-Vízcaino, D., Batet, O., Barrios, R., Kumar, D., and Baldasano, J. M.: Seasonal variability of aerosol optical properties observed by means of a Raman lidar at an EARLINET site over Northeastern Spain, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 175–190, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-175-2011, 2011. a
Sicard, M., Guerrero-Rascado, J. L., Navas-Guzmán, F., Preißler, J., Molero, F., Tomás, S., Bravo-Aranda, J. A., Comerón, A., Rocadenbosch, F., Wagner, F., Pujadas, M., and Alados-Arboledas, L.: Monitoring of the Eyjafjallajökull volcanic aerosol plume over the Iberian Peninsula by means of four EARLINET lidar stations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 3115–3130, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-3115-2012, 2012. a, b
Sicard, M., Jorba, O., Ho, J. J., Izquierdo, R., De Linares, C., Alarcón, M., Comerón, A., and Belmonte, J.: Measurement report: Characterization of the vertical distribution of airborne Pinus pollen in the atmosphere with lidar-derived profiles – a modeling case study in the region of Barcelona, NE Spain, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 17807–17832, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17807-2021, 2021. a, b, c
Stocker, T.: Climate change 2013: the physical science basis: Working Group I
contribution to the Fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, 1535 pp., 2014. a
Tosca, M. G., Campbell, J., Garay, M., Lolli, S., Seidel, F. C., Marquis, J.,
and Kalashnikova, O.: Attributing Accelerated Summertime Warming in the
Southeast United States to Recent Reductions in Aerosol Burden: Indications
from Vertically-Resolved Observations, Remote Sens., 9, 674, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9070674, 2017. a
Vaughan, M.: Algorithm for retrieving lidar ratios at 1064 nm from space-based
lidar backscatter data, in: Laser radar technology for remote sensing, Vol.
5240, 104–115, SPIE, 2004. a
Von Storch, H. and Zwiers, F. W.: Statistical analysis in climate research,
Cambridge university press, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511612336, 2002. a
Wang, S., Wang, X., Cohen, J. B., and Qin, K.: Inferring polluted Asian
absorbing aerosol properties using decadal scale AERONET measurements and a
MIE model, Geophys. Res. Lett., 48, e2021GL094300, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL094300, 2021. a
Wang, X., Boselli, A., D’Avino, L., Pisani, G., Spinelli, N., Amodeo, A.,
Chaikovsky, A., Wiegner, M., Nickovic, S., Papayannis, A., et al.: Volcanic
dust characterization by EARLINET during Etna's eruptions in 2001–2002,
Atmos. Environ., 42, 893–905, 2008. a
Whiteman, D. N.: Examination of the traditional Raman lidar technique. I.
Evaluating the temperature-dependent lidar equations, Appl. Opt., 42,
2571–2592, 2003. a
Wiegner, M., Gasteiger, J., Groß, S., Schnell, F., Freudenthaler, V., and
Forkel, R.: Characterization of the Eyjafjallajökull ash-plume: Potential
of lidar remote sensing, Phys. Chem. Earth A/B/C, 45,
79–86, 2012. a
Xue, J., Zong, L., Yang, Y., Bi, X., Zhang, Y., and Zhao, M.: Diurnal and
interannual variations of canopy urban heat island (CUHI) effects over a
mountain–valley city with a semi-arid climate, Urban Clim., 48, 101425, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2023.101425,
2023. a
Yang, Y., Fan, S., Wang, L., Gao, Z., Zhang, Y., Zou, H., Miao, S., Li, Y.,
Huang, M., Yim, S. H. L., Lolli, S.: Diurnal evolution of the wintertime
boundary layer in urban Beijing, China: Insights from Doppler Lidar and a
325-m meteorological tower, Remote Sens., 12, 3935, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12233935, 2020. a
Yue, S., Pilon, P., and Cavadias, G.: Power of the Mann–Kendall and Spearman's
rho tests for detecting monotonic trends in hydrological series, J.
Hydrol., 259, 254–271, 2002. a
Zenteno-Hernández, J. A., Comerón, A., Rodríguez-Gómez, A.,
Muñoz-Porcar, C., D’Amico, G., and Sicard, M.: A comparative analysis
of aerosol optical coefficients and their associated errors retrieved from
pure-rotational and vibro-rotational raman lidar signals, Sensors, 21, 1277, https://doi.org/10.3390/s21041277, 2021. a, b, c, d
Short summary
We evaluated the long-term trends and seasonal variability of the vertically resolved aerosol properties over the past 17 years in Barcelona. Results shows that air quality is improved, with a consistent drop in PM concentrations at the surface, as well as the column aerosol optical depth. The results also show that natural dust outbreaks are more likely in summer, with aerosols reaching an altitude of 5 km, while in winter, aerosols decay as an exponential with a scale height of 600 m.
We evaluated the long-term trends and seasonal variability of the vertically resolved aerosol...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint