Articles | Volume 24, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4511-2024
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4511-2024
Research article
 | 
17 Apr 2024
Research article |  | 17 Apr 2024

The Antarctic stratospheric nitrogen hole: Southern Hemisphere and Antarctic springtime total nitrogen dioxide and total ozone variability as observed by Sentinel-5p TROPOMI

Adrianus de Laat, Jos van Geffen, Piet Stammes, Ronald van der A, Henk Eskes, and J. Pepijn Veefkind

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Cited articles

Adams, C., Strong, K., Zhao, X., Bourassa, A. E., Daffer, W. H., Degenstein, D., Drummond, J. R., Farahani, E. E., Fraser, A., Lloyd, N. D., Manney, G. L., McLinden, C. A., Rex, M., Roth, C., Strahan, S. E., Walker, K. A., and Wohltmann, I.: The spring 2011 final stratospheric warming above Eureka: anomalous dynamics and chemistry, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 611–624, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-611-2013, 2013. 
Appenzeller, C. and Holton, J. R.: Tracer lamination in the stratosphere: A global climatology, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 13555–13569, https://doi.org/10.1029/97JD00066​​​​​​​, 1997. 
Barbero, A., Savarino, J., Grilli, R., Blouzon, C., Picard, G., Frey, M. M., Huang, Y., and Caillon, N.: New estimation of the NOx snow-source on the Antarctic Plateau, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 126, e2021JD035062, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD035062, 2021. 
Barré, J., Peuch, V.-H., Attié, J.-L., El Amraoui, L., Lahoz, W. A., Josse, B., Claeyman, M., and Nédélec, P.: Stratosphere-troposphere ozone exchange from high resolution MLS ozone analyses, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 6129–6144, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-6129-2012, 2012. 
Beirle, S., Hörmann, C., Jöckel, P., Liu, S., Penning de Vries, M., Pozzer, A., Sihler, H., Valks, P., and Wagner, T.: The STRatospheric Estimation Algorithm from Mainz (STREAM): estimating stratospheric NO2 from nadir-viewing satellites by weighted convolution, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 2753–2779, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-2753-2016, 2016. 
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Short summary
Removal of stratospheric nitrogen oxides is crucial for the formation of the ozone hole. TROPOMI satellite measurements of nitrogen dioxide reveal the presence of a not dissimilar "nitrogen hole" that largely coincides with the ozone hole. Three very distinct regimes were identified: inside and outside the ozone hole and the transition zone in between. Our results introduce a valuable and innovative application highly relevant for Antarctic ozone hole and ozone layer recovery.
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