Articles | Volume 24, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4473-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4473-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
17 Apr 2024
Research article |
| 17 Apr 2024
| 17 Apr 2024
Formation and loss of light absorbance by phenolic aqueous SOA by ●OH and an organic triplet excited state
Stephanie Arciva
Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-8627, USA
Lan Ma
Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-8627, USA
now at: SGS-CSTC Standards Technical Services Co. Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310052, China
Camille Mavis
Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-8627, USA
now at: Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
Chrystal Guzman
Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-8627, USA
now at: Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-8627, USA
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EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-2940, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-2940, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
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The processes that establish how mixed-phase closed-cell clouds transition to more open cellular structures are poorly known. First-of-its kind aircraft observations document such a transition in the presence of anomalously high aerosol concentrations over the Nordic Seas at cloud temperatures < -15 °C. The reduces the drop size, discouraging riming. Eventually, ice precipitation produces surface cold pools that drive the convective transition, despite strong counteracting surface fluxes.
Hannah C. Frostenberg, Jessie M. Creamean, Erik S. Thomson, Heather Guy, Roman Pohorsky, Camille Mavis, Ian M. Brooks, Nicolas Fauré, Lea Haberstock, Julia Kojoj, Sonja Murto, Julia Schmale, Michael Tjernström, Paul Zieger, and Luisa Ickes
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-2403, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-2403, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
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Arctic low clouds containing both droplets and ice crystals strongly impact sea ice and therefore require accurate modeling. Using a high-resolution atmospheric model, we found that particle and ice concentrations, alongside ice crystal shape, strongly dictate the simulated cloud. Therefore, these specific properties should be prioritized during future Arctic observational campaigns. Furthermore, atmospheric models must be able to represent a variety of ice crystal shapes.
Christopher Niedek, Wenqing Jiang, Antai Zhang, Cort Anastasio, and Qi Zhang
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 2009–2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-2009-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-2009-2026, 2026
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We developed a new photoreactor to study how organic compounds react in water under atmospheric-relevant conditions. Experiments were performed on smoke-related chemicals under controlled light, temperature, and humidity mimicking cloud and haze environments. Our results showed that saltier water speeds particle formation and changes their composition, providing new insights into atmospheric aerosol chemistry.
Keighan J. Gemmell, Laura Marie Dahler Heinlein, Emma A. Petersen-Sonn, Claudia Sardena, Zhongyu Guo, Nory Mariño-Ocampo, Belinda Heyne, Christian George, Cort Anastasio, and Nadine Borduas-Dedekind
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-6292, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-6292, 2026
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Molecular singlet oxygen (1O2*) is the first excited state of O2 and is produced when sunlight excites light-absorbing molecules in aerosols in the atmosphere. 1O2* can drive oxidation reactions and impact aerosol properties. This study is an inter-comparison of photoreactors, light sources and data analysis across 3 atmospheric chemistry laboratories, yielding a critical assessment of practices and recommendations for intercomparing 1O2* measurements and extrapolating to atmospheric particles.
Laura M. D. Heinlein, Junwei He, Michael Oluwatoyin Sunday, Fangzhou Guo, James Campbell, Allison Moon, Sukriti Kapur, Ting Fang, Kasey Edwards, Meeta Cesler-Maloney, Alyssa J. Burns, Jack Dibb, William Simpson, Manabu Shiraiwa, Becky Alexander, Jingqiu Mao, James H. Flynn III, Jochen Stutz, and Cort Anastasio
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 9561–9581, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-9561-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-9561-2025, 2025
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High-latitude cities like Fairbanks, Alaska, experience severe wintertime pollution episodes. While conventional wisdom holds that oxidation is slow under these conditions, field measurements find oxidized products in particles. To explore this, we measured oxidants in aqueous extracts of winter particles from Fairbanks. We find high concentrations of oxidants during illumination experiments, indicating that particle photochemistry can be significant even in high latitudes during winter.
Michael Oluwatoyin Sunday, Laura Marie Dahler Heinlein, Junwei He, Allison Moon, Sukriti Kapur, Ting Fang, Kasey C. Edwards, Fangzhou Guo, Jack Dibb, James H. Flynn III, Becky Alexander, Manabu Shiraiwa, and Cort Anastasio
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 5087–5100, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5087-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5087-2025, 2025
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Hydrogen peroxide (HOOH) is an important oxidant that forms atmospheric sulfate. We demonstrate that the illumination of brown carbon can rapidly form HOOH within particles, even under the low-sunlight conditions of Fairbanks, Alaska, during winter. This in-particle formation of HOOH is fast enough that it forms sulfate at significant rates. In contrast, the formation of HOOH in the gas phase during the campaign is expected to be negligible because of high NOx levels.
Aaron Lieberman, Julietta Picco, Murat Onder, and Cort Anastasio
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4411–4419, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4411-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4411-2024, 2024
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We developed a method that uses aqueous S(IV) to quantitatively convert NO2 to NO2−, which allows both species to be quantified using the Griess method. As an example of the utility of the method, we quantified both photolysis channels of nitrate, with and without a scavenger for hydroxyl radical (·OH). The results show that without a scavenger, ·OH reacts with nitrite to form nitrogen dioxide, suppressing the apparent quantum yield of NO2− and enhancing that of NO2.
Lan Ma, Reed Worland, Laura Heinlein, Chrystal Guzman, Wenqing Jiang, Christopher Niedek, Keith J. Bein, Qi Zhang, and Cort Anastasio
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1–21, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1-2024, 2024
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We measured concentrations of three photooxidants – the hydroxyl radical, triplet excited states of organic carbon, and singlet molecular oxygen – in fine particles collected over a year. Concentrations are highest in extracts of fresh biomass burning particles, largely because they have the highest particle concentrations and highest light absorption. When normalized by light absorption, rates of formation for each oxidant are generally similar for the four particle types we observed.
Lan Ma, Reed Worland, Wenqing Jiang, Christopher Niedek, Chrystal Guzman, Keith J. Bein, Qi Zhang, and Cort Anastasio
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8805–8821, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8805-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8805-2023, 2023
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Although photooxidants are important in airborne particles, little is known of their concentrations. By measuring oxidants in a series of particle dilutions, we predict their concentrations in aerosol liquid water (ALW). We find •OH concentrations in ALW are on the order of 10−15 M, similar to their cloud/fog values, while oxidizing triplet excited states and singlet molecular oxygen have ALW values of ca. 10−13 M and 10−12 M, respectively, roughly 10–100 times higher than in cloud/fog drops.
Wenqing Jiang, Christopher Niedek, Cort Anastasio, and Qi Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7103–7120, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7103-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7103-2023, 2023
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We studied how aqueous-phase secondary organic aerosol (aqSOA) form and evolve from a phenolic carbonyl commonly present in biomass burning smoke. The composition and optical properties of the aqSOA are significantly affected by photochemical reactions and are dependent on the oxidants' concentration and identity in water. During photoaging, the aqSOA initially becomes darker, but prolonged aging leads to the formation of volatile products, resulting in significant mass loss and photobleaching.
Ted Hullar, Theo Tran, Zekun Chen, Fernanda Bononi, Oliver Palmer, Davide Donadio, and Cort Anastasio
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5943–5959, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5943-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5943-2022, 2022
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Chemicals are commonly found in snowpacks throughout the world and may be degraded by sunlight; some previous research has reported faster decay rates for chemicals on the surface of snow and ice compared to in water. We found photodegradation on snow can be as much as 30 times faster than in solution for the three dimethoxybenzene isomers. Our computational modeling found light absorbance by dimethoxybenzenes increases on the snow surface, but this only partially explains the decay rate.
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Short summary
We measured changes in light absorption during the aqueous oxidation of six phenols with hydroxyl radical (●OH) or an organic triplet excited state (3C*). All the phenols formed light-absorbing secondary brown carbon (BrC), which then decayed with continued oxidation. Extrapolation to ambient conditions suggest ●OH is the dominant sink of secondary phenolic BrC in fog/cloud drops, while 3C* controls the lifetime of this light absorption in particle water.
We measured changes in light absorption during the aqueous oxidation of six phenols with...
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