Articles | Volume 22, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4779-2022
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4779-2022
Research article
 | 
12 Apr 2022
Research article |  | 12 Apr 2022

Upper stratospheric ClO and HOCl trends (2005–2020): Aura Microwave Limb Sounder and model results

Lucien Froidevaux, Douglas E. Kinnison, Michelle L. Santee, Luis F. Millán, Nathaniel J. Livesey, William G. Read, Charles G. Bardeen, John J. Orlando, and Ryan A. Fuller

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Cited articles

Anderson, J., Margitan, J. J., and Stedman, D. H.: Atomic Chlorine and the Chlorine Monoxide Radical in the Stratosphere: Three in situ Observations, Science, 198, 4316, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.198.4316.501, 1977. 
Anderson, J., Russell III, J. M., Solomon, S., and Deaver, L. E.: Halogen Occultation Experiment confirmation of stratospheric chlorine decreases in accordance with the Montreal Protocol, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 4483–4490, 2000. 
Bernath, P. F.: The Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE), J. Quant. Spectrosc. Ra., 186, 3–16, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2016.04.006, 2017. 
Bernath, P. and Fernando, A. M.: Trends in stratospheric HCl from the ACE satellite mission, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Ra., 217, 126–129, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2018.05.027, 2018. 
Bernath P. F., Steffen J., Crouse J., and Boone C. D.: Sixteen-year trends in atmospheric trace gases from orbit, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Ra. 253, 107178, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2020.107178, 2020a. 
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We analyze satellite-derived distributions of chlorine monoxide (ClO) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl) in the upper atmosphere. For 2005–2020, from 50°S to 50°N and over ~30 to 45 km, ClO and HOCl decreased by −0.7 % and −0.4 % per year, respectively. A detailed model of chemistry and dynamics agrees with the results. These decreases confirm the effectiveness of the 1987 Montreal Protocol, which limited emissions of chlorine- and bromine-containing source gases, in order to protect the ozone layer.
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