Articles | Volume 21, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6593-2021
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6593-2021
Research article
 | 
03 May 2021
Research article |  | 03 May 2021

Fifty-six years of surface solar radiation and sunshine duration over São Paulo, Brazil: 1961–2016

Marcia Akemi Yamasoe, Nilton Manuel Évora Rosário, Samantha Novaes Santos Martins Almeida, and Martin Wild

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Cited articles

Andrade, M. F., Kumar, P., Freitas, E. D., Ynoue, R. Y., Martins, J., Martins, L. D., Nogueira, T., Perez-Martinez, P., Miranda, R. M., Albuquerque, T., Gonçalves, F. L. T., Oyama, B., and Zhang, Y.: Air quality in the megacity of São Paulo: Evolution over the last 30 years and future perspectives, Atmos. Environ., 159, 66–82, 2017. 
Bristow, K. L. and Campbell, G. S.: On the relationship between incoming solar radiation and daily maximum and minimum temperature, Agr. Forest Meteorol., 31, 159–166, 1984. 
Coelho, C. A. S., Firpo, M. A. F., Maia, A. H. N., and MacLachlan, C.: Exploring the feasibility of empirical, dynamical and combined probabilistic rainy season onset forecasts for São Paulo, Brazil, Int. J. Climatol., 37, 398–411, https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.5010, 2017. 
Dai, A., Trenberth, K. E., and Karl, T. R.: Effects of clouds, soil moisture, precipitation, and water vapor on diurnal temperature range, J. Climate, 12, 2451–2473, 1999. 
de Abreu, R. C., Tett, S. F. B., Schurer, A., and Rocha, H. R.: Attribution of detected temperature trends in Southeast Brazil, Geophys. Res. Lett., 46, 8407–8414, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL083003, 2019. 
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Short summary
Spatio-temporal disparity to assess global dimming and brightening phenomena has been a critical topic. For instance, few studies addressed surface solar irradiation (SSR) long-term trend in South America. In this study, SSR, sunshine duration (SD) and the diurnal temperature range (DTR) are analysed for São Paulo, Brazil. We found a dimming phase, identified by SSR, SD and DTR, extending till 1983. Then, while SSR is still declining, consistent with cloud increasing, SD and DTR are increasing.
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