Articles | Volume 26, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-6611-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-6611-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Measurement report
| 
18 May 2026
Measurement report |
| 18 May 2026
| 18 May 2026
Measurement report: Role of organic coating and chemical composition on ice nucleation potential of atmospheric particles in European Arctic
Nurun Nahar Lata
Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
Trung Diep
West Texas A&M University, Canyon, TX, USA
Stefania Gilardoni
National Research Council – Institute of Polar Sciences (CNR-ISP), Bologna, Italy
Mauro Mazzola
National Research Council – Institute of Polar Sciences (CNR-ISP), Bologna, Italy
Zezhen Cheng
Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
Ashfiqur Rahman
Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
Mickey M. Rogers
Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
Matthew Fraund
Fraund Consulting, Inc, Pleasant Hill, CA, USA
Matthew A. Marcus
Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
Related authors
Gavin Cornwell, Alla Zelenyuk-Imre, Gourihar Kulkarni, Nurun Nahar Lata, Kaizad Patel, Jennifer Yao, Zihua Zhu, Laura Fierce, Payton Beeler, Swarup China, Isabelle Steinke, and Susannah Burrows
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3882, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3882, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
Ice in clouds strongly affects rainfall and how much sunlight clouds reflect. We studied which airborne particles can trigger ice formation. We created soil-like mixtures and examined individual particles to see whether biological material and mineral dust were truly combined or stayed separate, and how this affected their ice formation. We found that the total amount of biological material was more important than how the particles were mixed.
Patrick C. Taylor, Armin Sorooshian, Rei Ueyama, Sebastian Schmidt, Ihab Abboud, Quincy Allison, Kevin Barry, Sebastian Becker, Holly A. Bender, Joseph R. Bennett, James B. Blair, Niklas Bohn, Linette Boisvert, Matthew D. Brown, Roelof Bruintjes, Anthony Bucholtz, Megan Buzanowicz, Brian Cairns, Filippo Calì Quaglia, Eduard Chemyakin, Bo Chen, Gao Chen, Hong Chen, Yu-Wen Chen, Zezhen Cheng, Swarup China, Dan Chirica, Yonghoon Choi, Peter Colarco, Brian Collister, Ewan Crosbie, Maurice J. Cross, Janet Daniels, Paul DeMott, Joshua P. DiGangi, Alcide Giorgio di Sarra, Glenn S. Diskin, Erica K. Dolinar, Eva-Lou Edwards, Samuel Ephraim, Nikolaos Evangeliou, Romanos Foskinis, Francesca Gallo, Lan Gao, José Luis Gómez-Amo, Daisy Gonzalez, Christine Groot Zwaaftink, Pawan Gupta, Ivan Heckman, Michael Hendrickson, Miguel Ricardo A. Hilario, Ken Hirata, Michelle Hofton, Andrew L. Holen, Ulas Im, Alia L. Khan, Ralph Kahn, Alexei V. Korolev, Sonia Kreidenweis, Thomas Krumpen, Nathan Kurtz, Leslie Lait, Bradley Lamkin, Jack Landy, Nurun Nahar Lata, Paul Lawson, Samuel LeBlanc, Sean Leavor, Jing Li, Thorsten Markus, Hal Maring, Andreas H. Massling, Camille Mavis, Flynn McGinnity, Kerry Meyer, Gabriel Mojica, Richard H. Moore, Parker Morris, Giovanni Muscari, Vikas Nataraja, Amin R. Nehrir, Athanasios Nenes, Edward P. Nowottnick, Matteo Ottaviani, Chelsea Parker, Ryan Patnaude, Michael Perez, Russell J. Perkins, Colten Peterson, Alek Petty, Stevie Phothisane, Chris Polashenski, Kerri A. Pratt, Kayla M. Preisler, John Prytherch, David Rabine, Jens Redemann, Ju-Mee Ryoo, Joseph S. Schlosser, Vanessa Selimovic, Michael A. Shook, Morgan Silverman, Henrik Skov, Alexander Smirnov, Cassidy Soloff, Amy Solomon, Snorre Stamnes, Azusa Takeishi, David R. Thompson, K. Lee Thornhill, Rachel Tilling, Michael Tjernström, Monica Tosco, Pedro C. Valdelomar, David Van Gilst, Jian Wang, Zhien Wang, Andrzej Wasilewski, Manfred Wendisch, Brent Wilder, Edward L. Winstead, Albert Wu, Peng Xian, Lauren M. Zamora, Jiaoshi Zhang, Lei Zhang, Lu Zhang, Luke Ziemba, and Paquita Zuidema
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-241, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-241, 2026
Preprint under review for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
This article summarizes the data sets collected during the Arctic Radiation Cloud aerosol Sea ice Interaction eXperiment (ARCSIX), NASA's most comprehensive Arctic field campaign to date. The overarching goal was to quantify the contributions of surface, clouds, aerosol particles, and precipitation to summer sea ice melt. This paper describes the ARCSIX implementation including the flight strategy, instruments, complementary data sets, access, and usage details.
Fan Mei, Jian Wang, Israel Silber, Nurun Nahar Lata, Gregory W. Vandergrift, Jing Li, Bo Chen, Sarah Brooks, Michael P. Jensen, Min Deng, Damao Zhang, Darielle Dexheimer, Beat Schmid, Zezhen Cheng, and Swarup China
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-2245, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-2245, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Tethered balloon measurements from 149 flights during DOE ARM TRACER over Houston characterize vertical aerosol and CCN structure. Back-trajectory clustering identifies three air mass types—marine, mixed, and urban—with distinct profiles shaped by boundary-layer depth and coastal circulations. A case study shows mesoscale advection simultaneously transforms thermodynamic and aerosol conditions, underscoring the need to constrain meteorology before attributing cloud changes to aerosol forcing.
Amit Singh Chandel, Chandan Sarangi, Nurun Nahar, Saqib Ahmad Zargar, Poul Cherian, Xena Mansoura, Vijay P. Kanawade, Bhishma Tyagi, Antti-Pekka Hyvärinen, Aki Virkkula, Harendra S. Negi, Swarup China, and Rakesh K. Hooda
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-424, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-424, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Dust storms reaching the western Himalayas often mix with pollution during transport. Using high-altitude measurements from May 2023, we show that this polluted dust has altered intrinsic optical properties, scattering and absorbing more sunlight than clean dust, with important implications for atmospheric heating and regional climate.
Sujan Shrestha, Robert E. Holz, Willem J. Marais, Zachary Buckholtz, Ilya Razenkov, Edwin Eloranta, Jeffrey S. Reid, Hope E. Elliott, Nurun Nahar Lata, Zezhen Cheng, Swarup China, Edmund Blades, Albert D. Ortiz, Rebecca Chewitt-Lucas, Alyson Allen, Devon Blades, Ria Agrawal, Elizabeth A. Reid, Jesus Ruiz-Plancarte, Anthony Bucholtz, Ryan Yamaguchi, Qing Wang, Thomas Eck, Elena Lind, Mira L. Pöhlker, Andrew P. Ault, and Cassandra J. Gaston
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 983–999, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-983-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-983-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Coordinated observations from MAGPIE 2023 show that Saharan dust in the marine atmospheric boundary layer becomes internally mixed with sea spray. This mixing increases particle sphericity and hygroscopicity, likely leading to suppressed lidar linear depolarization ratios despite high dust concentrations. The findings have key implications for interpreting lidar-derived dust retrievals, estimating surface dust from satellite products, and improving dust representation in models.
Fan Mei, Qi Zhang, Damao Zhang, Jerome D. Fast, Gourihar Kulkarni, Mikhail S. Pekour, Christopher R. Niedek, Susanne Glienke, Israel Silber, Beat Schmid, Jason M. Tomlinson, Hardeep S. Mehta, Xena Mansoura, Zezhen Cheng, Gregory W. Vandergrift, Nurun Nahar Lata, Swarup China, and Zihua Zhu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 3425–3444, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3425-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3425-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study highlights the unique capability of the ArcticShark, an uncrewed aerial system, in measuring vertically resolved atmospheric properties. Data from 32 research flights in 2023 reveal seasonal patterns and correlations with conventional measurements. The consistency and complementarity of in situ and remote sensing methods are highlighted. The study demonstrates the ArcticShark’s versatility in bridging data gaps and improving the understanding of vertical atmospheric structures.
Daniel A. Knopf, Peiwen Wang, Benny Wong, Jay M. Tomlin, Daniel P. Veghte, Nurun N. Lata, Swarup China, Alexander Laskin, Ryan C. Moffet, Josephine Y. Aller, Matthew A. Marcus, and Jian Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8659–8681, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8659-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8659-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ambient particle populations and associated ice-nucleating particles (INPs)
were examined from particle samples collected on board aircraft in the marine
boundary layer and free troposphere in the eastern North Atlantic during
summer and winter. Chemical imaging shows distinct differences in the
particle populations seasonally and with sampling altitudes, which are
reflected in the INP types. Freezing parameterizations are derived for
implementation in cloud-resolving and climate models.
Qianjie Chen, Jessica A. Mirrielees, Sham Thanekar, Nicole A. Loeb, Rachel M. Kirpes, Lucia M. Upchurch, Anna J. Barget, Nurun Nahar Lata, Angela R. W. Raso, Stephen M. McNamara, Swarup China, Patricia K. Quinn, Andrew P. Ault, Aaron Kennedy, Paul B. Shepson, Jose D. Fuentes, and Kerri A. Pratt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 15263–15285, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15263-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15263-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
During a spring field campaign in the coastal Arctic, ultrafine particles were enhanced during high wind speeds, and coarse-mode particles were reduced during blowing snow. Calculated periods blowing snow were overpredicted compared to observations. Sea spray aerosols produced by sea ice leads affected the composition of aerosols and snowpack. An improved understanding of aerosol emissions from leads and blowing snow is critical for predicting the future climate of the rapidly warming Arctic.
Zezhen Cheng, Megan Morgenstern, Bo Zhang, Matthew Fraund, Nurun Nahar Lata, Rhenton Brimberry, Matthew A. Marcus, Lynn Mazzoleni, Paulo Fialho, Silvia Henning, Birgit Wehner, Claudio Mazzoleni, and Swarup China
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 9033–9057, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9033-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9033-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We observed a high abundance of liquid and internally mixed particles in samples collected in the North Atlantic free troposphere during summer. We also found several solid and semisolid particles for different emission sources and transport patterns. Our results suggest that considering the mixing state, emission source, and transport patterns of particles is necessary to estimate their phase state in the free troposphere, which is critical for predicting their effects on climate.
Gavin Cornwell, Alla Zelenyuk-Imre, Gourihar Kulkarni, Nurun Nahar Lata, Kaizad Patel, Jennifer Yao, Zihua Zhu, Laura Fierce, Payton Beeler, Swarup China, Isabelle Steinke, and Susannah Burrows
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3882, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3882, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
Ice in clouds strongly affects rainfall and how much sunlight clouds reflect. We studied which airborne particles can trigger ice formation. We created soil-like mixtures and examined individual particles to see whether biological material and mineral dust were truly combined or stayed separate, and how this affected their ice formation. We found that the total amount of biological material was more important than how the particles were mixed.
Patrick C. Taylor, Armin Sorooshian, Rei Ueyama, Sebastian Schmidt, Ihab Abboud, Quincy Allison, Kevin Barry, Sebastian Becker, Holly A. Bender, Joseph R. Bennett, James B. Blair, Niklas Bohn, Linette Boisvert, Matthew D. Brown, Roelof Bruintjes, Anthony Bucholtz, Megan Buzanowicz, Brian Cairns, Filippo Calì Quaglia, Eduard Chemyakin, Bo Chen, Gao Chen, Hong Chen, Yu-Wen Chen, Zezhen Cheng, Swarup China, Dan Chirica, Yonghoon Choi, Peter Colarco, Brian Collister, Ewan Crosbie, Maurice J. Cross, Janet Daniels, Paul DeMott, Joshua P. DiGangi, Alcide Giorgio di Sarra, Glenn S. Diskin, Erica K. Dolinar, Eva-Lou Edwards, Samuel Ephraim, Nikolaos Evangeliou, Romanos Foskinis, Francesca Gallo, Lan Gao, José Luis Gómez-Amo, Daisy Gonzalez, Christine Groot Zwaaftink, Pawan Gupta, Ivan Heckman, Michael Hendrickson, Miguel Ricardo A. Hilario, Ken Hirata, Michelle Hofton, Andrew L. Holen, Ulas Im, Alia L. Khan, Ralph Kahn, Alexei V. Korolev, Sonia Kreidenweis, Thomas Krumpen, Nathan Kurtz, Leslie Lait, Bradley Lamkin, Jack Landy, Nurun Nahar Lata, Paul Lawson, Samuel LeBlanc, Sean Leavor, Jing Li, Thorsten Markus, Hal Maring, Andreas H. Massling, Camille Mavis, Flynn McGinnity, Kerry Meyer, Gabriel Mojica, Richard H. Moore, Parker Morris, Giovanni Muscari, Vikas Nataraja, Amin R. Nehrir, Athanasios Nenes, Edward P. Nowottnick, Matteo Ottaviani, Chelsea Parker, Ryan Patnaude, Michael Perez, Russell J. Perkins, Colten Peterson, Alek Petty, Stevie Phothisane, Chris Polashenski, Kerri A. Pratt, Kayla M. Preisler, John Prytherch, David Rabine, Jens Redemann, Ju-Mee Ryoo, Joseph S. Schlosser, Vanessa Selimovic, Michael A. Shook, Morgan Silverman, Henrik Skov, Alexander Smirnov, Cassidy Soloff, Amy Solomon, Snorre Stamnes, Azusa Takeishi, David R. Thompson, K. Lee Thornhill, Rachel Tilling, Michael Tjernström, Monica Tosco, Pedro C. Valdelomar, David Van Gilst, Jian Wang, Zhien Wang, Andrzej Wasilewski, Manfred Wendisch, Brent Wilder, Edward L. Winstead, Albert Wu, Peng Xian, Lauren M. Zamora, Jiaoshi Zhang, Lei Zhang, Lu Zhang, Luke Ziemba, and Paquita Zuidema
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-241, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-241, 2026
Preprint under review for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
This article summarizes the data sets collected during the Arctic Radiation Cloud aerosol Sea ice Interaction eXperiment (ARCSIX), NASA's most comprehensive Arctic field campaign to date. The overarching goal was to quantify the contributions of surface, clouds, aerosol particles, and precipitation to summer sea ice melt. This paper describes the ARCSIX implementation including the flight strategy, instruments, complementary data sets, access, and usage details.
Francesco Paladini de Mendoza, Leonardo Langone, Alice Cavaliere, Gianmarco Ingrosso, Lorenzo Pasculli, Chiara Ripa, Mauro Mazzola, Manuel Bensi, Federico Giglio, Stefano Miserocchi, Tommaso Tesi, and Patrizia Giordano
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-501, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-501, 2026
Preprint under review for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents 5-years of continuous ocean observations from Arctic fjords and nearby deep waters around Svalbard. The dataset reveals strong seasonal changes, recurring inflows of warm Atlantic waters, and differences between glacier-influenced coastal areas and offshore environments. By providing openly accessible, high-quality measurements, the study supports research on climate change, ocean dynamics, glacier–ocean interactions, in a rapidly changing Arctic.
Gabriella Wallentin, Alexander Böhmländer, Ross Herbert, Heike Wex, Charlotte M. Beall, Pia Bogert, Zoé Brasseur, Jie Chen, Jessie M. Creamean, Paul J. DeMott, Oliver Eckermann, Kunfeng Gao, Xianda Gong, Silvia Henning, Naruki Hiranuma, Christina S. McCluskey, Christos Mitsios, Ottmar Möhler, Athanasios Nenes, Mark D. Tarn, Christian Tatzelt, Ping Tian, Yutaka Tobo, Franziska Vogel, André Welti, Elise Wilbourn, Jennifer Winstone, and Corinna Hoose
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-4134, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-4134, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
Ice nucleating particles (INPs) are aerosols essential for cloud ice formation in the temperature range -38 °C and 0 °C. Due to measurement challenges, the availability of observations of INPs remains scarce. This study applies machine learning to predict a global INP distribution using aerosol mass concentration reanalysis and observed INPs. This manuscript demonstrates that even with limited measurements, the occurrence of INPs can be estimated, following the spatial pattern of key aerosols.
Fan Mei, Jian Wang, Israel Silber, Nurun Nahar Lata, Gregory W. Vandergrift, Jing Li, Bo Chen, Sarah Brooks, Michael P. Jensen, Min Deng, Damao Zhang, Darielle Dexheimer, Beat Schmid, Zezhen Cheng, and Swarup China
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-2245, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-2245, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Tethered balloon measurements from 149 flights during DOE ARM TRACER over Houston characterize vertical aerosol and CCN structure. Back-trajectory clustering identifies three air mass types—marine, mixed, and urban—with distinct profiles shaped by boundary-layer depth and coastal circulations. A case study shows mesoscale advection simultaneously transforms thermodynamic and aerosol conditions, underscoring the need to constrain meteorology before attributing cloud changes to aerosol forcing.
Elena Barbaro, Francisco Ardini, Silvia Becagli, Stefano Bertinetti, Federica Bruschi, Giulia Calzolai, Alice Cavaliere, David Cappelletti, Stefano Crocchianti, Matteo Feltracco, Andrea Gambaro, Fabio Giardi, Stefania Gilardoni, Marco Grotti, Dominic Heslin-Rees, Radovan Krejci, Mery Malandrino, Matilde Mataloni, Simonetta Montaguti, Silvia Nava, Marco Paglione, Matteo Rinaldi, Chiara Ripa, Mirko Severi, Andrea Spolaor, Rita Traversi, Hilde Uggerud, Giulio Verazzo, Tessa Viglezio, Karl Espen Yttri, Wenche Aas, and Mauro Mazzola
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-1467, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-1467, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
This study analyzes how Arctic atmospheric layering affects aerosol distribution by comparing data from the Gruvebadet (61 m) and Zeppelin (472 m) observatories in Svalbard. Results show consistent levels of human-made pollutants like sulfate at both heights, confirming long-range transport from Eurasia. Conversely, natural biogenic tracers were more concentrated at lower altitudes. By integrating chemical and meteorological data, the research highlights the need for multi-level monitoring.
Stefania Gilardoni, Annachiara Bellini, Paolo Bonasoni, Henry Diémoz, Christian Gencarelli, Angela Marinoni, Eros Mariani, Luigi Mazari Villanova, Bruno Neininger, Mattia Perilli, Michael Sprenger, and Francesco Petracchini
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-1299, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-1299, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents the first high-time-resolution aerosol data collected from the Testa Grigia Observatory (3,480 m) in the Italian Alps, from 2021 to 2023. We identified three transport pathways: Saharan Dust Events (SDE), which occurred with a frequency of 6 %, regional and long-range transported pollution (28 %), and clean air from the free troposphere. The timing of SDE, observed mainly in spring, and the mixing of dust particles with black carbon, enhance SDE impact on snow melting.
Amit Singh Chandel, Chandan Sarangi, Nurun Nahar, Saqib Ahmad Zargar, Poul Cherian, Xena Mansoura, Vijay P. Kanawade, Bhishma Tyagi, Antti-Pekka Hyvärinen, Aki Virkkula, Harendra S. Negi, Swarup China, and Rakesh K. Hooda
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-424, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-424, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Dust storms reaching the western Himalayas often mix with pollution during transport. Using high-altitude measurements from May 2023, we show that this polluted dust has altered intrinsic optical properties, scattering and absorbing more sunlight than clean dust, with important implications for atmospheric heating and regional climate.
Simone Pulimeno, Angelo Lupi, Vito Vitale, Claudia Frangipani, Carlos Toledano, Stelios Kazadzis, Natalia Kouremeti, Christoph Ritter, Sandra Graßl, Kerstin Stebel, Vitali Fioletov, Ihab Abboud, Sandra Blindheim, Lynn Ma, Norm O'Neill, Piotr Sobolewski, Pawan Gupta, Elena Lind, Thomas F. Eck, Antti Hyvärinen, Veijo Aaltonen, Rigel Kivi, Janae Csavina, Dmitry Kabanov, Sergey M. Sakerin, Olga R. Sidorova, Robert S. Stone, Hagen Telg, Laura Riihimaki, Raul R. Cordero, Martin Radenz, Ronny Engelmann, Michel Van Roozendal, Anatoli Chaikovsky, Philippe Goloub, Junji Hisamitsu, and Mauro Mazzola
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 1809–1846, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1809-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1809-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
This study analyzed aerosols optical properties over the Arctic and Antarctic to measure them even during long periods of darkness. It found that pollution in the Arctic is decreasing, likely due to European emission regulations, while wildfires are becoming a more important source of particles. In Antarctica, particle levels are higher near the coast than inland, and vary by season. These results help us better understand how air pollution and climate are changing at the Earth’s poles.
Ross James Herbert, Larissa Lacher, Alexander Böhmländer, Mark D. Tarn, Antione Canzi, Aidan Pantoya, Evelyn Freney, Kristina Höhler, Pia Bogert, Celine Planche, Ping Tian, Michael Adams, Sarah Barr, David Brus, Nicole Büttner, Martin Daily, Konstantinos Doulgeris, Konstantinos Eleftheridadis, Grant Forster, Romy Fösig, Dimitrios Georgakopoulos, Maria Gini, A. Gannett Hallar, Radovan Krejci, Elke Ludewig, Mauro Mazzola, Ian B. McCubbin, Tuukka Petäjä, Joseph Robinson, Franziska Vogel, Paul Zieger, Stephen R. Arnold, Kenneth S. Carslaw, Naruki Hiranuma, Ottmar Möhler, and Benjamin J. Murray
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-41, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-41, 2026
Revised manuscript under review for ESSD
Short summary
Short summary
Ice formation in sub-zero clouds is influenced by airborne particles called ice-nucleating particles (INPs), whose concentrations vary substantially over short time and spatial scales. To assess the role of INPs in our climate, a comprehensive and consistent global dataset is essential. Our GloPINE model-ready dataset is a major step in this direction, comprising 36,000 measurements made using a single instrument design (PINE) over 70,000 hours of operation at 20 northern hemisphere sites.
Sara Herrero-Anta, Sabine Eckhardt, Nikolaos Evangeliou, Stefania Gilardoni, Sandra Graßl, Dominic Heslin-Rees, Stelios Kazadzis, Natalia Kouremeti, Radovan Krejci, David Mateos, Mauro Mazzola, Christoph Ritter, Roberto Román, Kerstin Stebel, and Tymon Zielinski
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 1435–1457, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1435-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1435-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
In summer 2019, unusually high aerosol concentrations were measured in the Arctic, extending through the troposphere and stratosphere up to 16 km. Using multiple instruments and models, aerosol particles were linked to wildfires, volcanic eruptions, and anthropogenic pollution. The aerosol consisted of spherical, fine-mode, weakly absorbing particles, which significantly reduced direct solar radiation. This combined approach improves understanding of Arctic aerosol events and climate processes.
Sujan Shrestha, Robert E. Holz, Willem J. Marais, Zachary Buckholtz, Ilya Razenkov, Edwin Eloranta, Jeffrey S. Reid, Hope E. Elliott, Nurun Nahar Lata, Zezhen Cheng, Swarup China, Edmund Blades, Albert D. Ortiz, Rebecca Chewitt-Lucas, Alyson Allen, Devon Blades, Ria Agrawal, Elizabeth A. Reid, Jesus Ruiz-Plancarte, Anthony Bucholtz, Ryan Yamaguchi, Qing Wang, Thomas Eck, Elena Lind, Mira L. Pöhlker, Andrew P. Ault, and Cassandra J. Gaston
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 983–999, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-983-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-983-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Coordinated observations from MAGPIE 2023 show that Saharan dust in the marine atmospheric boundary layer becomes internally mixed with sea spray. This mixing increases particle sphericity and hygroscopicity, likely leading to suppressed lidar linear depolarization ratios despite high dust concentrations. The findings have key implications for interpreting lidar-derived dust retrievals, estimating surface dust from satellite products, and improving dust representation in models.
Matteo Rinaldi, Alessia Nicosia, Marco Paglione, Karam Mansour, Stefano Decesari, Mauro Mazzola, Gianni Santachiara, and Franco Belosi
Aerosol Research, 3, 535–556, https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-3-535-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-3-535-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents atmospheric ice-nucleating particle (INP) data from the Gruvebadet observatory in Ny-Ålesund. A moderate summertime increase in INP levels is observed at -15 °C but not at other temperatures (-18 and -22 °C). Conversely, a marked seasonal evolution was observed for the contribution of super-micrometer INPs, which is at its maximum throughout summer up to early autumn. We show that marine biogenic INPs may be relevant in the Arctic during seasons of reduced sea ice coverage.
Azzurra Spagnesi, Elena Barbaro, Matteo Feltracco, Federico Scoto, Marco Vecchiato, Massimiliano Vardè, Mauro Mazzola, François Burgay, Federica Bruschi, Clara Jule Marie Hoppe, Allison Bailey, Andrea Gambaro, Carlo Barbante, and Andrea Spolaor
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 16215–16232, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-16215-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-16215-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Svalbard is ideal for studying how warming affects snow’s seasonal chemistry. By comparing the snow chemical composition of the 2019–2020 season with 2018–2019 and 2020–2021, we provide an overview of the seasonal and interannual variability of several chemical species on the Svalbard snowpack, furnishing insights into the interplay between short-term meteorological variability and the long-term climatic impacts of climate changes.
Marco Paglione, Yufang Hao, Stefano Decesari, Mara Russo, Karam Mansour, Mauro Mazzola, Diego Fellin, Andrea Mazzanti, Emilio Tagliavini, Manousos Ioannis Manousakas, Evangelia Diapouli, Elena Barbaro, Matteo Feltracco, Kaspar R. Daellenbach, and Matteo Rinaldi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 12853–12874, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-12853-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-12853-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
A year-long set of submicron aerosol samples (PM1) from Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, was analyzed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H-NMR) and high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometry (HR-TOF-AMS) to characterize the organic fraction. Positive matrix factorization identified five organic aerosol sources. Winter–spring was dominated by Eurasian pollution and summer by marine biogenic aerosols, with occasional wildfire events.
Antonio Donateo, Daniela Famulari, Donato Giovannelli, Arturo Mariani, Mauro Mazzola, Stefano Decesari, and Gianluca Pappaccogli
Biogeosciences, 22, 2889–2908, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-2889-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-2889-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study focuses on measurements of CO2 and CH4 turbulent fluxes in tundra ecosystems in the Svalbard islands over a 2-year period. Our results reveal dynamic interactions between climatic conditions and ecosystem activities such as photosynthesis and microbial activity. In summer, photosynthesis and microbial activity increase, leading to net carbon uptake and methane consumption. Wind influences soil drying and CH4 emissions. Thermal anomalies can reduce annual carbon uptake.
Haley M. Royer, Michael T. Sheridan, Hope E. Elliott, Edmund Blades, Nurun Nahar Lata, Zezhen Cheng, Swarup China, Zihua Zhu, Andrew P. Ault, and Cassandra J. Gaston
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 5743–5759, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5743-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5743-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Saharan dust transported across the Atlantic to the Caribbean, South America, and North America is hypothesized to undergo chemical processing by acids that enhances cloud droplet formation and nutrient availability. In this study, chemical analysis performed on African dust deposited over Barbados shows that acid tracers are found mostly on sea salt and smoke particles, rather than dust, indicating that dust particles undergo minimal chemical processing.
Aidan D. Pantoya, Stephanie R. Simonsen, Elisabeth Andrews, Ross Burgener, Christopher J. Cox, Gijs de Boer, Bryan D. Thomas, and Naruki Hiranuma
Aerosol Research, 3, 253–270, https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-3-253-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-3-253-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We present continuous ice-nucleating particle data that were measured in the Alaskan Arctic from October 2021 to December 2023. We found a greater efficiency in the arctic immersion freezing during fall compared to those found previously at two mid-latitude sites, together with profound freezing efficiencies in spring, presumably due to arctic haze events. Our study will be useful for improving atmospheric models to simulate cloud feedback and determine their impact on the global radiative energy budget.
Mike C. Rowley, Jasquelin Pena, Matthew A. Marcus, Rachel Porras, Elaine Pegoraro, Cyrill Zosso, Nicholas O. E. Ofiti, Guido L. B. Wiesenberg, Michael W. I. Schmidt, Margaret S. Torn, and Peter S. Nico
SOIL, 11, 381–388, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-11-381-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-11-381-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study shows that calcium (Ca) preserves soil organic carbon (SOC) in acidic soils, challenging beliefs that their interactions were limited to near-neutral or alkaline soils. Using spectromicroscopy, we found that Ca was co-located with a specific fraction of carbon, rich in aromatic and phenolic groups. This association was disrupted when Ca was removed but was reformed during decomposition with added Ca. Overall, this suggests that Ca amendments could enhance SOC stability.
Fan Mei, Qi Zhang, Damao Zhang, Jerome D. Fast, Gourihar Kulkarni, Mikhail S. Pekour, Christopher R. Niedek, Susanne Glienke, Israel Silber, Beat Schmid, Jason M. Tomlinson, Hardeep S. Mehta, Xena Mansoura, Zezhen Cheng, Gregory W. Vandergrift, Nurun Nahar Lata, Swarup China, and Zihua Zhu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 3425–3444, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3425-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3425-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study highlights the unique capability of the ArcticShark, an uncrewed aerial system, in measuring vertically resolved atmospheric properties. Data from 32 research flights in 2023 reveal seasonal patterns and correlations with conventional measurements. The consistency and complementarity of in situ and remote sensing methods are highlighted. The study demonstrates the ArcticShark’s versatility in bridging data gaps and improving the understanding of vertical atmospheric structures.
Dominic Heslin-Rees, Peter Tunved, Diego Aliaga, Janne Lampilahti, Ilona Riipinen, Annica Ekman, Ki-Tae Park, Martina Mazzini, Stefania Gilardoni, Roseline Thakur, Kihong Park, Young Jun Yoon, Kitack Lee, Mikko Sipilä, Mauro Mazzola, and Radovan Krejci
Aerosol Research Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-2025-11, https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-2025-11, 2025
Preprint under review for AR
Short summary
Short summary
New particles form in the atmosphere and can influence the climate. We studied Arctic new particle formation (NPF) from 2022 to 2024 at the Zeppelin Observatory, on Svalbard. NPF occurs from April to November, peaking in late spring as sunlight increases. Some particles measured on-site grow large enough to seed clouds. Sunlight and existing aerosol particles strongly impact the likelihood of NPF, which mainly originates from marine regions, particularly the Greenland Sea.
Xiaoli Shen, David M. Bell, Hugh Coe, Naruki Hiranuma, Fabian Mahrt, Nicholas A. Marsden, Claudia Mohr, Daniel M. Murphy, Harald Saathoff, Johannes Schneider, Jacqueline Wilson, Maria A. Zawadowicz, Alla Zelenyuk, Paul J. DeMott, Ottmar Möhler, and Daniel J. Cziczo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10869–10891, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10869-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10869-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Single-particle mass spectrometry (SPMS) is commonly used to measure the chemical composition and mixing state of aerosol particles. Intercomparison of SPMS instruments was conducted. All instruments reported similar size ranges and common spectral features. The instrument-specific detection efficiency was found to be more dependent on particle size than type. All differentiated secondary organic aerosol, soot, and soil dust but had difficulties differentiating among minerals and dusts.
Elise K. Wilbourn, Larissa Lacher, Carlos Guerrero, Hemanth S. K. Vepuri, Kristina Höhler, Jens Nadolny, Aidan D. Pantoya, Ottmar Möhler, and Naruki Hiranuma
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5433–5456, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5433-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5433-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ambient ice particles were measured at terrestrial and temperate marine sites. Ice particles were more abundant in the former site, while the fraction of ice particles relative to total ambient particles, representing atmospheric ice nucleation efficiency, was higher in the latter site. Ice nucleation parameterizations were developed as a function of examined freezing temperatures from two sites for our study periods (autumn).
Michael Lonardi, Elisa F. Akansu, André Ehrlich, Mauro Mazzola, Christian Pilz, Matthew D. Shupe, Holger Siebert, and Manfred Wendisch
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1961–1978, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1961-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1961-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Profiles of thermal-infrared irradiance were measured at two Arctic sites. The presence or lack of clouds influences the vertical structure of these observations. In particular, the cloud top region is a source of radiative energy that can promote cooling and mixing in the cloud layer. Simulations are used to further characterize how the amount of water in the cloud modifies this forcing. A case study additionally showcases the evolution of the radiation profiles in a dynamic atmosphere.
Stefania Gilardoni, Dominic Heslin-Rees, Mauro Mazzola, Vito Vitale, Michael Sprenger, and Radovan Krejci
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15589–15607, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15589-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15589-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Models still fail in reproducing black carbon (BC) temporal variability in the Arctic. Analysis of equivalent BC concentrations in the European Arctic shows that BC seasonal variability is modulated by the efficiency of removal by precipitation during transport towards high latitudes. Short-term variability is controlled by synoptic-scale circulation patterns. The advection of warm air from lower latitudes is an effective pollution transport pathway during summer.
Barbara Harm-Altstädter, Konrad Bärfuss, Lutz Bretschneider, Martin Schön, Jens Bange, Ralf Käthner, Radovan Krejci, Mauro Mazzola, Kihong Park, Falk Pätzold, Alexander Peuker, Rita Traversi, Birgit Wehner, and Astrid Lampert
Aerosol Research, 1, 39–64, https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-1-39-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-1-39-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present observations of aerosol particles and meteorological parameters in the horizontal and vertical distribution measured with uncrewed aerial systems in the Arctic. The field campaign was carried out during the snow melting season, when ultrafine aerosol particles (UFPs) with a size between 3 and 12 nm occurred frequently. A high variability of the measured UFPs was identified in the spatial scale, which was strongly associated with different atmospheric boundary layer properties.
Guangyu Li, Elise K. Wilbourn, Zezhen Cheng, Jörg Wieder, Allison Fagerson, Jan Henneberger, Ghislain Motos, Rita Traversi, Sarah D. Brooks, Mauro Mazzola, Swarup China, Athanasios Nenes, Ulrike Lohmann, Naruki Hiranuma, and Zamin A. Kanji
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10489–10516, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10489-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10489-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we present results from an Arctic field campaign (NASCENT) in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, on the abundance, variability, physicochemical properties, and potential sources of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) relevant for mixed-phase cloud formation. This work improves the data coverage of Arctic INPs and aerosol properties, allowing for the validation of models predicting cloud microphysical and radiative properties of mixed-phase clouds in the rapidly warming Arctic.
Daniel A. Knopf, Peiwen Wang, Benny Wong, Jay M. Tomlin, Daniel P. Veghte, Nurun N. Lata, Swarup China, Alexander Laskin, Ryan C. Moffet, Josephine Y. Aller, Matthew A. Marcus, and Jian Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8659–8681, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8659-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8659-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ambient particle populations and associated ice-nucleating particles (INPs)
were examined from particle samples collected on board aircraft in the marine
boundary layer and free troposphere in the eastern North Atlantic during
summer and winter. Chemical imaging shows distinct differences in the
particle populations seasonally and with sampling altitudes, which are
reflected in the INP types. Freezing parameterizations are derived for
implementation in cloud-resolving and climate models.
Antonio Donateo, Gianluca Pappaccogli, Daniela Famulari, Mauro Mazzola, Federico Scoto, and Stefano Decesari
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7425–7445, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7425-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7425-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This work aims to measure the turbulent fluxes and the dry deposition velocity for size-segregated particles (from ultrafine to quasi-coarse range) at an Arctic site (Svalbard). Aiming to characterize the effect of surface properties on dry deposition, continuous observations were performed from the coldest months (on snow surface) to the snow melting period and throughout the summer (snow-free surface). A data fit of the deposition velocity as a function of particle diameters will be provided.
Haley M. Royer, Mira L. Pöhlker, Ovid Krüger, Edmund Blades, Peter Sealy, Nurun Nahar Lata, Zezhen Cheng, Swarup China, Andrew P. Ault, Patricia K. Quinn, Paquita Zuidema, Christopher Pöhlker, Ulrich Pöschl, Meinrat Andreae, and Cassandra J. Gaston
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 981–998, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-981-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-981-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents atmospheric particle chemical composition and measurements of aerosol water uptake properties collected at Ragged Point, Barbados, during the winter of 2020. The result of this study indicates the importance of small African smoke particles for cloud droplet formation in the tropical North Atlantic and highlights the large spatial and temporal pervasiveness of smoke over the Atlantic Ocean.
Qianjie Chen, Jessica A. Mirrielees, Sham Thanekar, Nicole A. Loeb, Rachel M. Kirpes, Lucia M. Upchurch, Anna J. Barget, Nurun Nahar Lata, Angela R. W. Raso, Stephen M. McNamara, Swarup China, Patricia K. Quinn, Andrew P. Ault, Aaron Kennedy, Paul B. Shepson, Jose D. Fuentes, and Kerri A. Pratt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 15263–15285, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15263-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15263-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
During a spring field campaign in the coastal Arctic, ultrafine particles were enhanced during high wind speeds, and coarse-mode particles were reduced during blowing snow. Calculated periods blowing snow were overpredicted compared to observations. Sea spray aerosols produced by sea ice leads affected the composition of aerosols and snowpack. An improved understanding of aerosol emissions from leads and blowing snow is critical for predicting the future climate of the rapidly warming Arctic.
Carlton Xavier, Metin Baykara, Robin Wollesen de Jonge, Barbara Altstädter, Petri Clusius, Ville Vakkari, Roseline Thakur, Lisa Beck, Silvia Becagli, Mirko Severi, Rita Traversi, Radovan Krejci, Peter Tunved, Mauro Mazzola, Birgit Wehner, Mikko Sipilä, Markku Kulmala, Michael Boy, and Pontus Roldin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 10023–10043, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10023-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10023-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The focus of this work is to study and improve our understanding of processes involved in the formation and growth of new particles in a remote Arctic marine environment. We run the 1D model ADCHEM along air mass trajectories arriving at Ny-Ålesund in May 2018. The model finds that ion-mediated H2SO4–NH3 nucleation can explain the observed new particle formation at Ny-Ålesund. The growth of particles is driven via H2SO4 condensation and formation of methane sulfonic acid in the aqueous phase.
Zezhen Cheng, Megan Morgenstern, Bo Zhang, Matthew Fraund, Nurun Nahar Lata, Rhenton Brimberry, Matthew A. Marcus, Lynn Mazzoleni, Paulo Fialho, Silvia Henning, Birgit Wehner, Claudio Mazzoleni, and Swarup China
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 9033–9057, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9033-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9033-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We observed a high abundance of liquid and internally mixed particles in samples collected in the North Atlantic free troposphere during summer. We also found several solid and semisolid particles for different emission sources and transport patterns. Our results suggest that considering the mixing state, emission source, and transport patterns of particles is necessary to estimate their phase state in the free troposphere, which is critical for predicting their effects on climate.
Daniel A. Knopf, Joseph C. Charnawskas, Peiwen Wang, Benny Wong, Jay M. Tomlin, Kevin A. Jankowski, Matthew Fraund, Daniel P. Veghte, Swarup China, Alexander Laskin, Ryan C. Moffet, Mary K. Gilles, Josephine Y. Aller, Matthew A. Marcus, Shira Raveh-Rubin, and Jian Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5377–5398, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5377-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5377-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Marine boundary layer aerosols collected in the remote region of the eastern North Atlantic induce immersion freezing and deposition ice nucleation under typical mixed-phase and cirrus cloud conditions. Corresponding ice nucleation parameterizations for model applications have been derived. Chemical imaging of ambient aerosol and ice-nucleating particles demonstrates that the latter is dominated by sea salt and organics while also representing a major particle type in the particle population.
Julia Schmale, Sangeeta Sharma, Stefano Decesari, Jakob Pernov, Andreas Massling, Hans-Christen Hansson, Knut von Salzen, Henrik Skov, Elisabeth Andrews, Patricia K. Quinn, Lucia M. Upchurch, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Rita Traversi, Stefania Gilardoni, Mauro Mazzola, James Laing, and Philip Hopke
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 3067–3096, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-3067-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-3067-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term data sets of Arctic aerosol properties from 10 stations across the Arctic provide evidence that anthropogenic influence on the Arctic atmospheric chemical composition has declined in winter, a season which is typically dominated by mid-latitude emissions. The number of significant trends in summer is smaller than in winter, and overall the pattern is ambiguous with some significant positive and negative trends. This reflects the mixed influence of natural and anthropogenic emissions.
Jay M. Tomlin, Kevin A. Jankowski, Daniel P. Veghte, Swarup China, Peiwen Wang, Matthew Fraund, Johannes Weis, Guangjie Zheng, Yang Wang, Felipe Rivera-Adorno, Shira Raveh-Rubin, Daniel A. Knopf, Jian Wang, Mary K. Gilles, Ryan C. Moffet, and Alexander Laskin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 18123–18146, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-18123-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-18123-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Analysis of individual atmospheric particles shows that aerosol transported from North America during meteorological dry intrusion episodes may have a substantial impact on the mixing state and particle-type population over the mid-Atlantic, as organic contribution and particle-type diversity are significantly enhanced during these periods. These observations need to be considered in current atmospheric models.
Matteo Rinaldi, Naruki Hiranuma, Gianni Santachiara, Mauro Mazzola, Karam Mansour, Marco Paglione, Cheyanne A. Rodriguez, Rita Traversi, Silvia Becagli, David Cappelletti, and Franco Belosi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 14725–14748, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14725-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14725-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study aims to add to the still scant ice-nucleating particle (INP) observations in the Arctic environment, investigating INP concentrations and potential sources, during spring and summertime, at the ground-level site of GVB. The lack of a clear concentration seasonal trend, in contrast with previous works, shows an important interannual variability of Arctic INP sources, which may be both terrestrial and marine, outside the Arctic haze period.
Naruki Hiranuma, Brent W. Auvermann, Franco Belosi, Jack Bush, Kimberly M. Cory, Dimitrios G. Georgakopoulos, Kristina Höhler, Yidi Hou, Larissa Lacher, Harald Saathoff, Gianni Santachiara, Xiaoli Shen, Isabelle Steinke, Romy Ullrich, Nsikanabasi S. Umo, Hemanth S. K. Vepuri, Franziska Vogel, and Ottmar Möhler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 14215–14234, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14215-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14215-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present laboratory and field studies showing that an open-lot livestock facility is a substantial source of atmospheric ice-nucleating particles (INPs). The ambient concentration of INPs from livestock facilities in Texas is very high. It is up to several thousand INPs per liter below –20 °C and may impact regional aerosol–cloud interactions. About 50% of feedlot INPs were supermicron in diameter. No notable amount of known ice-nucleating microorganisms was found in our feedlot samples.
Michele Bertò, David Cappelletti, Elena Barbaro, Cristiano Varin, Jean-Charles Gallet, Krzysztof Markowicz, Anna Rozwadowska, Mauro Mazzola, Stefano Crocchianti, Luisa Poto, Paolo Laj, Carlo Barbante, and Andrea Spolaor
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 12479–12493, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12479-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12479-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present the daily and seasonal variability in black carbon (BC) in surface snow inferred from two specific experiments based on the hourly and daily time resolution sampling during the Arctic spring in Svalbard. These unique data sets give us, for the first time, the opportunity to evaluate the associations between the observed surface snow BC mass concentration and a set of predictors corresponding to the considered meteorological and snow physico-chemical parameters.
Cited articles
Alpert, P. A., Kilthau, W. P., O'Brien, R. E., Moffet, R. C., Gilles, M. K., Wang, B., Laskin, A., Aller, J. Y., and Knopf, D. A.: Ice-nucleating agents in sea spray aerosol identified and quantified with a holistic multimodal freezing model, Sci. Adv., 8, eabq6842, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abq6842, 2022.
Augustin-Bauditz, S., Wex, H., Kanter, S., Ebert, M., Niedermeier, D., Stolz, F., Prager, A., and Stratmann, F.: The immersion mode ice nucleation behavior of mineral dusts: A comparison of different pure and surface modified dusts, Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 7375–7382, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL061317, 2014.
Augustin-Bauditz, S., Wex, H., Denjean, C., Hartmann, S., Schneider, J., Schmidt, S., Ebert, M., and Stratmann, F.: Laboratory-generated mixtures of mineral dust particles with biological substances: characterization of the particle mixing state and immersion freezing behavior, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 5531–5543, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-5531-2016, 2016.
Baccarini, A., Karlsson, L., Dommen, J., Duplessis, P., Vüllers, J., Brooks, I. M., Saiz-Lopez, A., Salter, M., Tjernström, M., Baltensperger, U., Zieger, P., and Schmale, J.: Frequent new particle formation over the high Arctic pack ice by enhanced iodine emissions, Nat. Commun., 11, 4924, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18551-0, 2020.
Barry, K. R., Hill, T. C. J., Nieto-Caballero, M., Douglas, T. A., Kreidenweis, S. M., DeMott, P. J., and Creamean, J. M.: Active thermokarst regions contain rich sources of ice-nucleating particles, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15783–15793, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15783-2023, 2023.
Beck, L. J., Sarnela, N., Junninen, H., Hoppe, C. J. M., Garmash, O., Bianchi, F., Riva, M., Rose, C., Peräkylä, O., Wimmer, D., Kausiala, O., Jokinen, T., Ahonen, L., Mikkilä, J., Hakala, J., He, X.-C., Kontkanen, J., Wolf, K. K. E., Cappelletti, D., Mazzola, M., Traversi, R., Petroselli, C., Viola, A. P., Vitale, V., Lange, R., Massling, A., Nøjgaard, J. K., Krejci, R., Karlsson, L., Zieger, P., Jang, S., Lee, K., Vakkari, V., Lampilahti, J., Thakur, R. C., Leino, K., Kangasluoma, J., Duplissy, E.-M., Siivola, E., Marbouti, M., Tham, Y. J., Saiz-Lopez, A., Petäjä, T., Ehn, M., Worsnop, D. R., Skov, H., Kulmala, M., Kerminen, V.-M., and Sipilä, M.: Differing Mechanisms of New Particle Formation at Two Arctic Sites, Geophys. Res. Lett., 48, e2020GL091334, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL091334, 2021.
Berkemeier, T., Shiraiwa, M., Pöschl, U., and Koop, T.: Competition between water uptake and ice nucleation by glassy organic aerosol particles, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 12513–12531, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12513-2014, 2014.
Bigg, E. K.: Ice forming nuclei in the high Arctic, Tellus B, 48, 223–233, https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v48i2.15888, 1996.
Chi, J. W., Li, W. J., Zhang, D. Z., Zhang, J. C., Lin, Y. T., Shen, X. J., Sun, J. Y., Chen, J. M., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y. M., and Wang, W. X.: Sea salt aerosols as a reactive surface for inorganic and organic acidic gases in the Arctic troposphere, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 11341–11353, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-11341-2015, 2015.
Christiansen, S., Ickes, L., Bulatovic, I., Leck, C., Murray, B. J., Bertram, A. K., Wagner, R., Gorokhova, E., Salter, M. E., Ekman, A. M. L., and Bilde, M.: Influence of Arctic Microlayers and Algal Cultures on Sea Spray Hygroscopicity and the Possible Implications for Mixed-Phase Clouds, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 125, e2020JD032808, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD032808, 2020.
Creamean, J. M., Kirpes, R. M., Pratt, K. A., Spada, N. J., Maahn, M., de Boer, G., Schnell, R. C., and China, S.: Marine and terrestrial influences on ice nucleating particles during continuous springtime measurements in an Arctic oilfield location, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 18023–18042, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-18023-2018, 2018.
Creamean, J. M., Cross, J. N., Pickart, R., McRaven, L., Lin, P., Pacini, A., Hanlon, R., Schmale, D. G., Ceniceros, J., Aydell, T., Colombi, N., Bolger, E., and DeMott, P. J.: Ice Nucleating Particles Carried From Below a Phytoplankton Bloom to the Arctic Atmosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 46, 8572–8581, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL083039, 2019.
Creamean, J. M., Barry, K., Hill, T. C. J., Hume, C., DeMott, P. J., Shupe, M. D., Dahlke, S., Willmes, S., Schmale, J., Beck, I., Hoppe, C. J. M., Fong, A., Chamberlain, E., Bowman, J., Scharien, R., and Persson, O.: Annual cycle observations of aerosols capable of ice formation in central Arctic clouds, Nat. Commun., 13, 3537, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-31182-x, 2022.
DeMott, P. J., Prenni, A. J., Liu, X., Kreidenweis, S. M., Petters, M. D., Twohy, C. H., Richardson, M. S., Eidhammer, T., and Rogers, D. C.: Predicting global atmospheric ice nuclei distributions and their impacts on climate, P. Natl. Acad. Sci., 107, 11217–11222, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0910818107, 2010.
DeMott, P. J., Hill, T. C. J., McCluskey, C. S., Prather, K. A., Collins, D. B., Sullivan, R. C., Ruppel, M. J., Mason, R. H., Irish, V. E., Lee, T., Hwang, C. Y., Rhee, T. S., Snider, J. R., McMeeking, G. R., Dhaniyala, S., Lewis, E. R., Wentzell, J. J. B., Abbatt, J., Lee, C., Sultana, C. M., Ault, A. P., Axson, J. L., Diaz Martinez, M., Venero, I., Santos-Figueroa, G., Stokes, M. D., Deane, G. B., Mayol-Bracero, O. L., Grassian, V. H., Bertram, T. H., Bertram, A. K., Moffett, B. F., and Franc, G. D.: Sea spray aerosol as a unique source of ice nucleating particles, P. Natl. Acad. Sci., 113, 5797–5803, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1514034112, 2016.
Ebell, K., Buhren, C., Gierens, R., Chellini, G., Lauer, M., Walbröl, A., Dahlke, S., Krobot, P., and Mech, M.: Impact of weather systems on observed precipitation at Ny-Ålesund (Svalbard), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 7315–7342, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7315-2025, 2025.
Forster, P. M., Smith, C. J., Walsh, T., Lamb, W. F., Lamboll, R., Hauser, M., Ribes, A., Rosen, D., Gillett, N., Palmer, M. D., Rogelj, J., von Schuckmann, K., Seneviratne, S. I., Trewin, B., Zhang, X., Allen, M., Andrew, R., Birt, A., Borger, A., Boyer, T., Broersma, J. A., Cheng, L., Dentener, F., Friedlingstein, P., Gutiérrez, J. M., Gütschow, J., Hall, B., Ishii, M., Jenkins, S., Lan, X., Lee, J.-Y., Morice, C., Kadow, C., Kennedy, J., Killick, R., Minx, J. C., Naik, V., Peters, G. P., Pirani, A., Pongratz, J., Schleussner, C.-F., Szopa, S., Thorne, P., Rohde, R., Rojas Corradi, M., Schumacher, D., Vose, R., Zickfeld, K., Masson-Delmotte, V., and Zhai, P.: Indicators of Global Climate Change 2022: annual update of large-scale indicators of the state of the climate system and human influence, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 2295–2327, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2295-2023, 2023.
Fraund, M., Park, T., Yao, L., Bonanno, D., Pham, D. Q., and Moffet, R. C.: Quantitative capabilities of STXM to measure spatially resolved organic volume fractions of mixed organic ∕ inorganic particles, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 1619–1633, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-1619-2019, 2019.
Fraund, M., Bonanno, D. J., China, S., Pham, D. Q., Veghte, D., Weis, J., Kulkarni, G., Teske, K., Gilles, M. K., Laskin, A., and Moffet, R. C.: Optical properties and composition of viscous organic particles found in the Southern Great Plains, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 11593–11606, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11593-2020, 2020.
Gong, X., Wex, H., van Pinxteren, M., Triesch, N., Fomba, K. W., Lubitz, J., Stolle, C., Robinson, T.-B., Müller, T., Herrmann, H., and Stratmann, F.: Characterization of aerosol particles at Cabo Verde close to sea level and at the cloud level – Part 2: Ice-nucleating particles in air, cloud and seawater, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 1451–1468, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1451-2020, 2020.
Gong, X., Zhang, J., Croft, B., Yang, X., Frey, M. M., Bergner, N., Chang, R. Y.-W., Creamean, J. M., Kuang, C., Martin, R. V., Ranjithkumar, A., Sedlacek, A. J., Uin, J., Willmes, S., Zawadowicz, M. A., Pierce, J. R., Shupe, M. D., Schmale, J., and Wang, J.: Arctic warming by abundant fine sea salt aerosols from blowing snow, Nat. Geosci., 16, 768–774, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-023-01254-8, 2023.
Graversen, R. G. and Wang, M.: Polar amplification in a coupled climate model with locked albedo, Clim. Dynam., 33, 629–643, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-009-0535-6, 2009.
Hartmann, M., Blunier, T., Brügger, S. o., Schmale, J., Schwikowski, M., Vogel, A., Wex, H., and Stratmann, F.: Variation of Ice Nucleating Particles in the European Arctic Over the Last Centuries, Geophys. Res. Lett., 46, 4007–4016, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL082311, 2019.
Hartmann, M., Gong, X., Kecorius, S., van Pinxteren, M., Vogl, T., Welti, A., Wex, H., Zeppenfeld, S., Herrmann, H., Wiedensohler, A., and Stratmann, F.: Terrestrial or marine – indications towards the origin of ice-nucleating particles during melt season in the European Arctic up to 83.7° N, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 11613–11636, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11613-2021, 2021.
Hartmann, S., Schrödner, R., Hassett, B. T., Hartmann, M., van Pinxteren, M., Fomba, K. W., Stratmann, F., Herrmann, H., Pöhlker, M., and Zeppenfeld, S.: Polysaccharides-Important Constituents of Ice-Nucleating Particles of Marine Origin, Environ. Sci. Technol., 59, 5098–5108, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c08014, 2025.
Hill, T. C. J., DeMott, P. J., Conen, F., and Möhler, O.: Impacts of Bioaerosols on Atmospheric Ice Nucleation Processes, in: Microbiology of Aerosols, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 195–219, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119132318.ch3a, 2017.
Hiranuma, N., Brooks, S. D., Moffet, R. C., Glen, A., Laskin, A., Gilles, M. K., Liu, P., Macdonald, A. M., Strapp, J. W., and McFarquhar, G. M.: Chemical characterization of individual particles and residuals of cloud droplets and ice crystals collected on board research aircraft in the ISDAC 2008 study, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 118, 6564–6579, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50484, 2013.
Hoose, C. and Möhler, O.: Heterogeneous ice nucleation on atmospheric aerosols: a review of results from laboratory experiments, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 9817–9854, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-9817-2012, 2012.
Huang, W. T. K., Ickes, L., Tegen, I., Rinaldi, M., Ceburnis, D., and Lohmann, U.: Global relevance of marine organic aerosol as ice nucleating particles, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 11423–11445, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11423-2018, 2018.
Ickes, L., Porter, G. C. E., Wagner, R., Adams, M. P., Bierbauer, S., Bertram, A. K., Bilde, M., Christiansen, S., Ekman, A. M. L., Gorokhova, E., Höhler, K., Kiselev, A. A., Leck, C., Möhler, O., Murray, B. J., Schiebel, T., Ullrich, R., and Salter, M. E.: The ice-nucleating activity of Arctic sea surface microlayer samples and marine algal cultures, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 11089–11117, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11089-2020, 2020.
Irish, V. E., Hanna, S. J., Willis, M. D., China, S., Thomas, J. L., Wentzell, J. J. B., Cirisan, A., Si, M., Leaitch, W. R., Murphy, J. G., Abbatt, J. P. D., Laskin, A., Girard, E., and Bertram, A. K.: Ice nucleating particles in the marine boundary layer in the Canadian Arctic during summer 2014, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 1027–1039, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1027-2019, 2019a.
Irish, V. E., Hanna, S. J., Xi, Y., Boyer, M., Polishchuk, E., Ahmed, M., Chen, J., Abbatt, J. P. D., Gosselin, M., Chang, R., Miller, L. A., and Bertram, A. K.: Revisiting properties and concentrations of ice-nucleating particles in the sea surface microlayer and bulk seawater in the Canadian Arctic during summer, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 7775–7787, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7775-2019, 2019b.
Jahl, L. G., Brubaker, T. A., Polen, M. J., Jahn, L. G., Cain, K. P., Bowers, B. B., Fahy, W. D., Graves, S., and Sullivan, R. C.: Atmospheric aging enhances the ice nucleation ability of biomass-burning aerosol, Sci. Adv., 7, eabd3440, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abd3440, 2021.
Jayaweera, K. and Flanagan, P.: Investigations on biogenic ice nuclei in the Arctic atmosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 9, 94–97, https://doi.org/10.1029/GL009i001p00094, 1982.
Kanji, Z. A., Ladino, L. A., Wex, H., Boose, Y., Burkert-Kohn, M., Cziczo, D. J., and Krämer, M.: Overview of Ice Nucleating Particles, Meteorol. Monogr., 58, 1.1–1.33, https://doi.org/10.1175/AMSMONOGRAPHS-D-16-0006.1, 2017.
Kanji, Z. A., Sullivan, R. C., Niemand, M., DeMott, P. J., Prenni, A. J., Chou, C., Saathoff, H., and Möhler, O.: Heterogeneous ice nucleation properties of natural desert dust particles coated with a surrogate of secondary organic aerosol, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 5091–5110, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-5091-2019, 2019.
Kawana, K., Taketani, F., Matsumoto, K., Tobo, Y., Iwamoto, Y., Miyakawa, T., Ito, A., and Kanaya, Y.: Roles of marine biota in the formation of atmospheric bioaerosols, cloud condensation nuclei, and ice-nucleating particles over the North Pacific Ocean, Bering Sea, and Arctic Ocean, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1777–1799, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1777-2024, 2024.
Kilcoyne, A. L. D., Tyliszczak, T., Steele, W. F., Fakra, S., Hitchcock, P., Franck, K., Anderson, E., Harteneck, B., Rightor, E. G., Mitchell, G. E., Hitchcock, A. P., Yang, L., Warwick, T., and Ade, H.: Interferometer-controlled scanning transmission X-ray microscopes at the Advanced Light Source, J. Synchrotron. Radiat., 10, 125–136, https://doi.org/10.1107/S0909049502017739, 2003.
Kirpes, R. M., Bonanno, D., May, N. W., Fraund, M., Barget, A. J., Moffet, R. C., Ault, A. P., and Pratt, K. A.: Wintertime Arctic Sea Spray Aerosol Composition Controlled by Sea Ice Lead Microbiology, ACS Cent. Sci., 5, 1760–1767, https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.9b00541, 2019.
Knopf, D. A. and Forrester, S. M.: Freezing of Water and Aqueous NaCl Droplets Coated by Organic Monolayers as a Function of Surfactant Properties and Water Activity, J. Phys. Chem. A, 115, 5579–5591, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp2014644, 2011.
Knopf, D. A., Alpert, P. A., and Wang, B.: The Role of Organic Aerosol in Atmospheric Ice Nucleation: A Review, ACS Earth Space Chem., 2, 168–202, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.7b00120, 2018.
Knopf, D. A., Barry, K. R., Brubaker, T. A., Jahl, L. G., K. A., L. J., Li, J., Lu, Y., Monroe, L. W., Moore, K. A., Rivera-Adorno, F. A., Sauceda, K. A., Shi, Y., Tomlin, J. M., Vepuri, H. S. K., Wang, P., Lata, N. N., Levin, E. J. T., Creamean, J. M., Hill, T. C. J., China, S., Alpert, P. A., Moffet, R. C., Hiranuma, N., Sullivan, R. C., Fridlind, A. M., West, M., Riemer, N., Laskin, A., DeMott, P. J., and Liu, X.: Aerosol–Ice Formation Closure: A Southern Great Plains Field Campaign, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 1, 1–50, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0151.1, 2021.
Korolev, A., McFarquhar, G., Field, P. R., Franklin, C., Lawson, P., Wang, Z., Williams, E., Abel, S. J., Axisa, D., Borrmann, S., Crosier, J., Fugal, J., Krämer, M., Lohmann, U., Schlenczek, O., Schnaiter, M., and Wendisch, M.: Mixed-Phase Clouds: Progress and Challenges, Meteorol. Monogr., 58, 5.1–5.50, https://doi.org/10.1175/AMSMONOGRAPHS-D-17-0001.1, 2017.
Lata, N. N.: Data set for Measurement report: Role of Organic Coating and Chemical Composition on Ice Nucleation Potential of Atmospheric Particles in European Arctic, Zenodo [data set], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17373230, 2025.
Lata, N. N., Zhang, B., Schum, S., Mazzoleni, L., Brimberry, R., Marcus, M. A., Cantrell, W. H., Fialho, P., Mazzoleni, C., and China, S.: Aerosol Composition, Mixing State, and Phase State of Free Tropospheric Particles and Their Role in Ice Cloud Formation, ACS Earth Space Chem., 5, 3499–3510, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.1c00315, 2021.
Lata, N. N., Cheng, Z., Dexheimer, D., Zhang, D., Mei, F., and China, S.: Vertical Gradient of Size-Resolved Aerosol Compositions over the Arctic Reveals Cloud Processed Aerosol in-Cloud and above Cloud, Environ. Sci. Technol., https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c09498, 2023.
Leck, C. and Svensson, E.: Importance of aerosol composition and mixing state for cloud droplet activation over the Arctic pack ice in summer, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 2545–2568, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2545-2015, 2015.
Li, G., Wieder, J., Pasquier, J. T., Henneberger, J., and Kanji, Z. A.: Predicting atmospheric background number concentration of ice-nucleating particles in the Arctic, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 14441–14454, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14441-2022, 2022.
Li, G., Wilbourn, E. K., Cheng, Z., Wieder, J., Fagerson, A., Henneberger, J., Motos, G., Traversi, R., Brooks, S. D., Mazzola, M., China, S., Nenes, A., Lohmann, U., Hiranuma, N., and Kanji, Z. A.: Physicochemical characterization and source apportionment of Arctic ice-nucleating particles observed in Ny-Ålesund in autumn 2019, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10489–10516, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10489-2023, 2023.
Mazzola, M., Viola, A. P., Lanconelli, C., and Vitale, V.: Atmospheric observations at the Amundsen-Nobile Climate Change Tower in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, Rend. Fis. Acc. Lincei, 27, 7–18, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12210-016-0540-8, 2016.
Mehndiratta, L., Lyp, A. E., Slade, J. H., and Grassian, V. H.: Immersion ice nucleation of atmospherically relevant lipid particles, Environ. Sci.: Atmos., 4, 1239–1254, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EA00066H, 2024.
Mirrielees, J. A., Kirpes, R. M., Costa, E. J., Porter, G. C. E., Murray, B. J., Lata, N. N., Boschi, V., China, S., Grannas, A. M., Ault, A. P., Matrai, P. A., and Pratt, K. A.: Marine aerosol generation experiments in the High Arctic during summertime, Elementa, 12, 00134, https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2023.00134, 2024.
Moffet, R. C., Henn, T., Laskin, A., and Gilles, M. K.: Automated Chemical Analysis of Internally Mixed Aerosol Particles Using X-ray Spectromicroscopy at the Carbon K-Edge, Anal. Chem., 82, 7906–7914, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac1012909, 2010a.
Moffet, R. C., Tivanski, A. V., and Gilles, M. K.: Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy: Applications in Atmospheric Aerosol Research, in: Fundamentals and Applications in Aerosol Spectroscopy, edited by: Signorell, R. and Reid, J. P., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 419–462, https://doi.org/10.1201/b10417-21, 2010b.
Möhler, O., Benz, S., Saathoff, H., Schnaiter, M., Wagner, R., Schneider, J., Walter, S., Ebert, V., and Wagner, S.: The effect of organic coating on the heterogeneous ice nucleation efficiency of mineral dust aerosols, Environ. Res. Lett., 3, 025007, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/3/2/025007, 2008.
Morrison, H., Shupe, M. D., Pinto, J. O., and Curry, J. A.: Possible roles of ice nucleation mode and ice nuclei depletion in the extended lifetime of Arctic mixed-phase clouds, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GL023614, 2005.
Morrison, H., de Boer, G., Feingold, G., Harrington, J., Shupe, M. D., and Sulia, K.: Resilience of persistent Arctic mixed-phase clouds, Nat. Geosci., 5, 11–17, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1332, 2012.
Murray, B. J., O'Sullivan, D., Atkinson, J. D., and Webb, M. E.: Ice nucleation by particles immersed in supercooled cloud droplets, Chem. Soc. Rev., 41, 6519–6554, https://doi.org/10.1039/C2CS35200A, 2012.
Murray, B. J., Carslaw, K. S., and Field, P. R.: Opinion: Cloud-phase climate feedback and the importance of ice-nucleating particles, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 665–679, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-665-2021, 2021.
Patnaude, R. J., Moore, K. A., Perkins, R. J., Hill, T. C. J., DeMott, P. J., and Kreidenweis, S. M.: Low-temperature ice nucleation of sea spray and secondary marine aerosols under cirrus cloud conditions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 911–928, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-911-2024, 2024.
Prenni, A. J., Harrington, J. Y., Tjernström, M., DeMott, P. J., Avramov, A., Long, C. N., Kreidenweis, S. M., Olsson, P. Q., and Verlinde, J.: Can Ice-Nucleating Aerosols Affect Arctic Seasonal Climate?, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 88, 541–550, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-88-4-541, 2007.
Quinn, P. K., Miller, T. L., Bates, T. S., Ogren, J. A., Andrews, E., and Shaw, G. E.: A 3-year record of simultaneously measured aerosol chemical and optical properties at Barrow, Alaska, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 107, AAC 8-1–AAC 8-15, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001248, 2002.
Raif, E. N., Barr, S. L., Tarn, M. D., McQuaid, J. B., Daily, M. I., Abel, S. J., Barrett, P. A., Bower, K. N., Field, P. R., Carslaw, K. S., and Murray, B. J.: High ice-nucleating particle concentrations associated with Arctic haze in springtime cold-air outbreaks, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 14045–14072, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-14045-2024, 2024.
Rapp, C. N., Niu, S., Armstrong, N. C., Shen, X., Berkemeier, T., Surratt, J. D., Zhang, Y., and Cziczo, D. J.: Ice-nucleating properties of glassy organic and organosulfate aerosol, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 5519–5536, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5519-2025, 2025.
Rinaldi, M., Hiranuma, N., Santachiara, G., Mazzola, M., Mansour, K., Paglione, M., Rodriguez, C. A., Traversi, R., Becagli, S., Cappelletti, D., and Belosi, F.: Ice-nucleating particle concentration measurements from Ny-Ålesund during the Arctic spring–summer in 2018, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 14725–14748, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14725-2021, 2021.
Rogers, D. C., DeMott, P. J., and Kreidenweis, S. M.: Airborne measurements of tropospheric ice-nucleating aerosol particles in the Arctic spring, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 106, 15053–15063, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD900790, 2001.
Rolph, G., Stein, A., and Stunder, B.: Real-time Environmental Applications and Display sYstem: READY, Environ. Modell. Softw., 95, 210–228, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.06.025, 2017.
Schill, G. P. and Tolbert, M. A.: Heterogeneous ice nucleation on phase-separated organic-sulfate particles: effect of liquid vs. glassy coatings, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 4681–4695, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-4681-2013, 2013.
Schmale, J., Sharma, S., Decesari, S., Pernov, J., Massling, A., Hansson, H.-C., von Salzen, K., Skov, H., Andrews, E., Quinn, P. K., Upchurch, L. M., Eleftheriadis, K., Traversi, R., Gilardoni, S., Mazzola, M., Laing, J., and Hopke, P.: Pan-Arctic seasonal cycles and long-term trends of aerosol properties from 10 observatories, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 3067–3096, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-3067-2022, 2022.
Schnell, R. C. and Vali, G.: Freezing nuclei in marine waters, Tellus, 27, 321–323, https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v27i3.9911, 1975.
Screen, J. A. and Simmonds, I.: The central role of diminishing sea ice in recent Arctic temperature amplification, Nature, 464, 1334–1337, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09051, 2010.
Serreze, M. C. and Barry, R. G.: Processes and impacts of Arctic amplification: A research synthesis, Global Planet. Change, 77, 85–96, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2011.03.004, 2011.
Stein, A. F., Draxler, R. R., Rolph, G. D., Stunder, B. J. B., Cohen, M. D., and Ngan, F.: NOAA's HYSPLIT Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion Modeling System, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 96, 2059–2077, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00110.1, 2015.
Stohl, A., Forster, C., Frank, A., Seibert, P., and Wotawa, G.: Technical note: The Lagrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART version 6.2, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 2461–2474, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-5-2461-2005, 2005.
Storelvmo, T.: Aerosol Effects on Climate via Mixed-Phase and Ice Clouds, Annu. Rev. Earth Pl. Sc., 45, 199–222, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-earth-060115-012240, 2017.
Tang, M., Cziczo, D. J., and Grassian, V. H.: Interactions of Water with Mineral Dust Aerosol: Water Adsorption, Hygroscopicity, Cloud Condensation, and Ice Nucleation, Chem. Rev., 116, 4205–4259, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00529, 2016.
Tobo, Y.: An improved approach for measuring immersion freezing in large droplets over a wide temperature range, Sci. Rep., 6, 32930, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep32930, 2016.
Tunved, P., Ström, J., and Krejci, R.: Arctic aerosol life cycle: linking aerosol size distributions observed between 2000 and 2010 with air mass transport and precipitation at Zeppelin station, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 3643–3660, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-3643-2013, 2013.
Vali, G., DeMott, P. J., Möhler, O., and Whale, T. F.: Technical Note: A proposal for ice nucleation terminology, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 10263–10270, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-10263-2015, 2015.
Vepuri, H. S. K., Rodriguez, C. A., Georgakopoulos, D. G., Hume, D., Webb, J., Mayer, G. D., and Hiranuma, N.: Ice-nucleating particles in precipitation samples from the Texas Panhandle, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 4503–4520, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4503-2021, 2021.
Wagner, R., Ickes, L., Bertram, A. K., Els, N., Gorokhova, E., Möhler, O., Murray, B. J., Umo, N. S., and Salter, M. E.: Heterogeneous ice nucleation ability of aerosol particles generated from Arctic sea surface microlayer and surface seawater samples at cirrus temperatures, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 13903–13930, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13903-2021, 2021.
Wagner, R., Hu, Y., Bogert, P., Höhler, K., Kiselev, A., Möhler, O., Saathoff, H., Umo, N., and Zanatta, M.: How Porosity Influences the Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation Ability of Secondary Organic Aerosol Particles, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 129, e2024JD041576, https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD041576, 2024.
Welti, A., Bigg, E. K., DeMott, P. J., Gong, X., Hartmann, M., Harvey, M., Henning, S., Herenz, P., Hill, T. C. J., Hornblow, B., Leck, C., Löffler, M., McCluskey, C. S., Rauker, A. M., Schmale, J., Tatzelt, C., van Pinxteren, M., and Stratmann, F.: Ship-based measurements of ice nuclei concentrations over the Arctic, Atlantic, Pacific and Southern oceans, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 15191–15206, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-15191-2020, 2020.
Wendisch, M., Macke, A., Ehrlich, A., Lüpkes, C., Mech, M., Chechin, D., Dethloff, K., Velasco, C. B., Bozem, H., Brückner, M., Clemen, H.-C., Crewell, S., Donth, T., Dupuy, R., Ebell, K., Egerer, U., Engelmann, R., Engler, C., Eppers, O., Gehrmann, M., Gong, X., Gottschalk, M., Gourbeyre, C., Griesche, H., Hartmann, J., Hartmann, M., Heinold, B., Herber, A., Herrmann, H., Heygster, G., Hoor, P., Jafariserajehlou, S., Jäkel, E., Järvinen, E., Jourdan, O., Kästner, U., Kecorius, S., Knudsen, E. M., Köllner, F., Kretzschmar, J., Lelli, L., Leroy, D., Maturilli, M., Mei, L., Mertes, S., Mioche, G., Neuber, R., Nicolaus, M., Nomokonova, T., Notholt, J., Palm, M., Pinxteren, M. van, Quaas, J., Richter, P., Ruiz-Donoso, E., Schäfer, M., Schmieder, K., Schnaiter, M., Schneider, J., Schwarzenböck, A., Seifert, P., Shupe, M. D., Siebert, H., Spreen, G., Stapf, J., Stratmann, F., Vogl, T., Welti, A., Wex, H., Wiedensohler, A., Zanatta, M., and Zeppenfeld, S.: The Arctic Cloud Puzzle: Using ACLOUD/PASCAL Multiplatform Observations to Unravel the Role of Clouds and Aerosol Particles in Arctic Amplification, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 100, 841–871, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0072.1, 2019.
Wilbourn, E. K., Lacher, L., Guerrero, C., Vepuri, H. S. K., Höhler, K., Nadolny, J., Pantoya, A. D., Möhler, O., and Hiranuma, N.: Measurement report: A comparison of ground-level ice-nucleating-particle abundance and aerosol properties during autumn at contrasting marine and terrestrial locations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5433–5456, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5433-2024, 2024.
Wilson, T. W., Ladino, L. A., Alpert, P. A., Breckels, M. N., Brooks, I. M., Browse, J., Burrows, S. M., Carslaw, K. S., Huffman, J. A., Judd, C., Kilthau, W. P., Mason, R. H., McFiggans, G., Miller, L. A., Nájera, J. J., Polishchuk, E., Rae, S., Schiller, C. L., Si, M., Temprado, J. V., Whale, T. F., Wong, J. P. S., Wurl, O., Yakobi-Hancock, J. D., Abbatt, J. P. D., Aller, J. Y., Bertram, A. K., Knopf, D. A., and Murray, B. J.: A marine biogenic source of atmospheric ice-nucleating particles, Nature, 525, 234–238, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14986, 2015.
Xue, J., Zhang, T., Park, K., Yan, J., Yoon, Y. J., Park, J., and Wang, B.: Diverse sources and aging change the mixing state and ice nucleation properties of aerosol particles over the western Pacific and Southern Ocean, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7731–7754, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7731-2024, 2024.
Zhao, X., Liu, X., Burrows, S. M., and Shi, Y.: Effects of marine organic aerosols as sources of immersion-mode ice-nucleating particles on high-latitude mixed-phase clouds, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 2305–2327, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2305-2021, 2021.
Zobrist, B., Marcolli, C., Pedernera, D. A., and Koop, T.: Do atmospheric aerosols form glasses?, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 5221–5244, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-5221-2008, 2008.
Short summary
Ice in the Arctic clouds is initiated by rare particles, and their properties are not well understood due to atmospheric processing. By combining microscopy with freezing experiments, we found that both chemical composition and the thickness and morphological configuration of organic coatings influence ice formation. This finding highlights the importance of particle surface chemistry in cloud formation and offers new insights into how Arctic aerosols influence cloud formation.
Ice in the Arctic clouds is initiated by rare particles, and their properties are not well...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint