Articles | Volume 25, issue 19
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-12159-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-12159-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
07 Oct 2025
Research article |
| 07 Oct 2025
| 07 Oct 2025
Influence of various criteria on identifying the springtime tropospheric ozone depletion events (ODEs)at Utqiaġvik, Arctic
Xiaochun Zhu
State Key Laboratory of Climate System Prediction and Risk Management, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
Le Cao
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
State Key Laboratory of Climate System Prediction and Risk Management, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, UK
Simeng Li
Institute of Environmental Sciences, Universiteit Leiden, Leiden, 2333 CA, the Netherlands
Jiandong Wang
State Key Laboratory of Climate System Prediction and Risk Management, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
Tianliang Zhao
State Key Laboratory of Climate System Prediction and Risk Management, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
Related authors
No articles found.
Xuewei Hou, Ryan Hossaini, Oliver Wild, Andrea Mazzeo, Richard J. Pope, Ye Wang, Siyuan Wang, Yuanhong Zhao, James Lee, Bin Zhu, Tianliang Zhao, and Alok K. Pandey
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3114, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3114, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
The atmosphere’s ability to remove pollutants and greenhouse gases is largely controlled by the hydroxyl radical, but the causes of its long-term changes remain uncertain. Using a global atmospheric model, we quantified the effects of emissions, weather, and key chemical processes on hydroxyl radical levels between 2000 and 2017. Our findings improve understanding of atmospheric self-cleansing and help reduce uncertainties in future climate assessments.
Zihan Wang, Yishu Bian, Fuwang Zhang, Honglei Wang, Wen Lin, Jun Hu, Tianliang Zhao, Lijian Shen, and Zuxin Xie
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 7539–7554, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-7539-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-7539-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated how new air particles form in cities and affect clouds. Our year-long study revealed a key seasonal pattern: while particle formation events are most frequent in spring, they are surprisingly inefficient at creating the seeds for clouds due to high pollution. In contrast, the cleaner summer air, despite having fewer events, allows the new particles to grow larger and much more effectively enhance potential cloud formation.
Shang Wu, David C. Wong, Jiandong Wang, Yuzhi Jin, Junjun Li, and Chunsong Lu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 7261–7285, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-7261-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-7261-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
High-resolution weather and climate simulations produce massive amounts of data, creating major storage challenges. This study explores a method that reduces unnecessary numerical detail by keeping only a limited number of significant digits. The results show that substantial data reduction can be achieved while preserving key physical features.
Qidi Li, Yuhan Luo, Xin Yang, Bianca Zilker, Andreas Richter, Ke Dou, Haijin Zhou, Kai Zhan, Fuqi Si, and Wenqing Liu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 6165–6196, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-6165-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-6165-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated why reactive bromine increases in the Arctic atmosphere during spring. Using observations in Ny-Ålesund and modeling. We found that BrO increases are strongly linked to airborne particles and bromine emissions from snow over sea ice. Both snow over first-year and multi-year sea ice contribute comparably. These processes are enhanced by strong winds and drive depletion of surface ozone and mercury.
Deyu Liu, Yue Chen, Sihan Liu, Honglei Wang, Jingyi Chen, Yang Yang, Zihan Wang, Kun Cui, and Tianliang Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 5781–5797, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-5781-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-5781-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Cloud droplets are vital for rainfall and climate, and tiny airborne particles called aerosols can change their size and number. Using airplane observations over Hebei and simulations, we found that aerosols strongly affect droplet vertical distribution. Under high aerosols, lower droplets are larger and more numerous; under low aerosols, upper droplets are larger. These changes affect cloud development, precipitation, and atmospheric energy.
Yujia Yang, Le Cao, Liqiang Xu, Mengke Wang, Qingjian Yang, Yuqing Zhang, Tianqi Zhang, Xiuli Lei, Jiangpeng Miao, and Tianliang Zhao
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 18, 2689–2702, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-2689-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-2689-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides a high-resolution (0.25°, hourly) tropopause folding dataset for China (2014–2023) using ERA5 (ECMWF Reanalysis version 5) reanalysis data and a three-dimensional labeling method. It fills a critical data gap, enabling detailed spatiotemporal analysis of tropopause folding events. This validated resource provides a solid foundation for investigating stratosphere-troposphere transport and its impacts on near-surface air quality and extreme weather.
Kai Yang, Jinghua Chen, Tianliang Zhao, Xiangde Xu, Chunsong Lu, Shizuo Fu, Yuehan Luo, Qingjian Yang, Ziqian Liu, Zhikuan Li, Lin Wu, and Yuxiang Jin
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-869, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-869, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
The Tibetan Plateau has little available moisture and energy, so convection is hard to develop. Large-eddy simulations indicates the lake promotes low-level moistening and lowers the barrier to convective initiation, produces shallow clouds and week rain. Mountain alone force lifting, yet the lack of moisture limits terrain-driven precipitation. Lake-mountain coupling is key: the mountain lifts lake-supplied moisture but can also block moisture transport, reshaping precipitation patterns.
Xiaofeng Xu, Zixu Xiong, Jianming Gong, Huilin Zhang, Tianliang Zhao, and Qing He
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 2721–2740, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-2721-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-2721-2026, 2026
Short summary
Short summary
Dust has an important impact on the climate in East Asia. This study comprehensively utilized ground-based and satellite observation data to analyze the spatio-temporal variations of dust in the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas, as well as the diurnal variation characteristics of regional dust transport. This study has deepened the understanding of the variation patterns of dust around the Tibetan Plateau.
Simeng Li, Enrico Dammers, Arjo Segers, and Jan Willem Erisman
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 15593–15611, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-15593-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-15593-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Between 2019 and 2022, a notable reduction in livestock numbers has been observed on Schiermonnikoog, a small island in the north of the Netherlands. We have assessed ammonia emissions using real-world measurements on the island, demonstrated emission decrease, and proposed a network to improve emission monitoring.
Zhuozhi Shu, Fumo Yang, Guangming Shi, Yuqing Zhang, Yongjie Huang, Xinning Yu, Baiwan Pan, and Tianliang Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 15437–15451, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-15437-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-15437-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We targeted four stratospheric intrusion episodes to investigate the impacts of cross-layer transport of stratospheric O3 on the near-surface environmental atmosphere over Sichuan Basin and uncover multi-scale atmospheric circulation coupling mechanisms with the seasonally discrepant terrain effects of Tibetan Plateau. Results provided the critical insights into understanding of regional O3 pollution genesis with the exceptional natural sources contribution derived from the stratosphere.
Qingjian Yang, Tianliang Zhao, Yongqing Bai, Kai Meng, Yuehan Luo, Zhijie Tian, Xiaoyun Sun, Weikang Fu, Kai Yang, and Jun Hu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 8029–8042, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8029-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8029-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study reveals a unique driver of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) thermal forcing of the interannual variations in stratosphere-to-troposphere transport (STT) of ozone with diverse structures. Anomalous strong TP thermal forcing induces anticyclonic anomalies in the upper troposphere over the TP, which strengthens and attenuates the northern and southern branches of the westerly jet, intensifying (weakening) the westerly trough for more (fewer) tropopause folds of ozone STT over the East Asian region.
Pan Wang, Yue Zhao, Jiandong Wang, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Jingkun Jiang, and Chenxi Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 7431–7446, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7431-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7431-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a numerical model to investigate the evolution of the charge state of newly formed atmospheric particles. Based on the simulation results, we successfully employed neural networks to predict particle charge states and estimate ion-induced nucleation rates. This study provides new insights into the dynamics of particle charging and introduces advanced methods for evaluating ion-induced nucleation in atmospheric research.
Sihan Liu, Honglei Wang, Delong Zhao, Wei Zhou, Yuanmou Du, Zhengguo Zhang, Peng Cheng, Tianliang Zhao, Yue Ke, Zihao Wu, and Mengyu Huang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 4151–4165, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4151-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4151-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
To understand the effect of aerosols on the vertical distribution of stratocumulus microphysical quantities in southwest China, the daily variation characteristics and formation mechanism of the vertical profiles of stratocumulus microphysical characteristics in this region were described using the data of nine cloud-crossing aircraft observations over Guangxi from 10 October to 3 November 2020.
Zeyuan Tian, Jiandong Wang, Jiaping Wang, Chao Liu, Jia Xing, Jinbo Wang, Zhouyang Zhang, Yuzhi Jin, Sunan Shen, Bin Wang, Wei Nie, Xin Huang, and Aijun Ding
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 1149–1162, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-1149-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-1149-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The radiative effect of black carbon (BC) is substantially modulated by its mixing state, which is challenging to derive physically with a single-particle soot photometer. This study establishes a machine-learning-based inversion model which can accurately and efficiently acquire the BC mixing state. Compared to the widely used leading-edge-only method, our model utilizes a broader scattering signal coverage to more accurately capture diverse particle characteristics.
Yuzhi Jin, Jiandong Wang, Chao Liu, David C. Wong, Golam Sarwar, Kathleen M. Fahey, Shang Wu, Jiaping Wang, Jing Cai, Zeyuan Tian, Zhouyang Zhang, Jia Xing, Aijun Ding, and Shuxiao Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 2613–2630, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2613-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2613-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Black carbon (BC) affects climate and the environment, and its aging process alters its properties. Current models, like WRF-CMAQ, lack full accounting for it. We developed the WRF-CMAQ-BCG model to better represent BC aging by introducing bare and coated BC species and their conversion. The WRF-CMAQ-BCG model introduces the capability to simulate BC mixing states and bare and coated BC wet deposition, and it improves the accuracy of BC mass concentration and aerosol optics.
Zhouyang Zhang, Jiandong Wang, Jiaping Wang, Nicole Riemer, Chao Liu, Yuzhi Jin, Zeyuan Tian, Jing Cai, Yueyue Cheng, Ganzhen Chen, Bin Wang, Shuxiao Wang, and Aijun Ding
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1869–1881, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1869-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1869-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Black carbon (BC) exerts notable warming effects. We use a particle-resolved model to investigate the long-term behavior of the BC mixing state, revealing its compositions, coating thickness distribution, and optical properties all stabilize with a characteristic time of less than 1 d. This study can effectively simplify the description of the BC mixing state, which facilitates the precise assessment of the optical properties of BC aerosols in global and chemical transport models.
Yongqing Bai, Tianliang Zhao, Kai Meng, Yue Zhou, Jie Xiong, Xiaoyun Sun, Lijuan Shen, Yanyu Yue, Yan Zhu, Weiyang Hu, and Jingyan Yao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1273–1287, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1273-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1273-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We proposed a composite statistical method to identify the quasi-weekly oscillation (QWO) of regional PM2.5 transport over China in winter from 2015 to 2019. The QWO of regional PM2.5 transport is constrained by synoptic-scale disturbances of the East Asian winter monsoon circulation with the periodic activities of the Siberian high, providing a new insight into the understanding of regional pollutant transport with meteorological drivers in atmospheric environment changes.
Xiaodan Ma, Jianping Huang, Michaela I. Hegglin, Patrick Jöckel, and Tianliang Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 943–958, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-943-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-943-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Our research explored changes in ozone levels in the northwest Pacific region over 30 years, revealing a significant increase in the middle-to-upper troposphere, especially during spring and summer. This rise is influenced by both stratospheric and tropospheric sources, which affect climate and air quality in East Asia. This work underscores the need for continued study to understand underlying mechanisms.
Kai Meng, Tianliang Zhao, Yongqing Bai, Ming Wu, Le Cao, Xuewei Hou, Yuehan Luo, and Yongcheng Jiang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12623–12642, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12623-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12623-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the impact of stratospheric intrusions (SIs) on tropospheric and near-surface ozone in Central and Eastern China from a stratospheric source tracing perspective. SIs contribute the most in the eastern plains, with a contribution exceeding 15 %, and have a small contribution to the west and south. Western Siberia and Mongolia are the most critical source areas for indirect and direct SIs, with the Rossby wave and northeast cold vortex being important driving circulation systems.
Yuehan Luo, Tianliang Zhao, Kai Meng, Jun Hu, Qingjian Yang, Yongqing Bai, Kai Yang, Weikang Fu, Chenghao Tan, Yifan Zhang, Yanzhe Zhang, and Zhikuan Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7013–7026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7013-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7013-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We reveal a significant mechanism of stratospheric O3 intrusion (SI) into the atmospheric environment induced by an extratropical cyclone system. This system facilitates the downward transport of stratospheric O3 to the near-surface layer by vertical coupling, involving the upper westerly trough, the middle northeast cold vortex, and the lower extratropical cyclone in the troposphere. On average, stratospheric O3 contributed 26.77 % to near-surface O3 levels over the North China Plain.
Xin Yang, Kimberly Strong, Alison S. Criscitiello, Marta Santos-Garcia, Kristof Bognar, Xiaoyi Zhao, Pierre Fogal, Kaley A. Walker, Sara M. Morris, and Peter Effertz
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5863–5886, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5863-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5863-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study uses snow samples collected from a Canadian high Arctic site, Eureka, to demonstrate that surface snow in early spring is a net sink of atmospheric bromine and nitrogen. Surface snow bromide and nitrate are significantly correlated, indicating the oxidation of reactive nitrogen is accelerated by reactive bromine. In addition, we show evidence that snow photochemical release of reactive bromine is very weak, and its emission flux is much smaller than the deposition flux of bromide.
Yueyue Cheng, Chao Liu, Jiandong Wang, Jiaping Wang, Zhouyang Zhang, Li Chen, Dafeng Ge, Caijun Zhu, Jinbo Wang, and Aijun Ding
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3065–3078, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3065-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3065-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Brown carbon (BrC), a light-absorbing aerosol, plays a pivotal role in influencing global climate. However, assessing BrC radiative effects remains challenging because the required observational data are hardly accessible. Here we develop a new BrC radiative effect estimation method combining conventional observations and numerical models. Our findings reveal that BrC absorbs up to a third of the sunlight at 370 nm that black carbon does, highlighting its importance in aerosol radiative effects.
Naifu Shao, Chunsong Lu, Xingcan Jia, Yuan Wang, Yubin Li, Yan Yin, Bin Zhu, Tianliang Zhao, Duanyang Liu, Shengjie Niu, Shuxian Fan, Shuqi Yan, and Jingjing Lv
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9873–9890, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9873-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9873-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Fog is an important meteorological phenomenon that affects visibility. Aerosols and the planetary boundary layer (PBL) play critical roles in the fog life cycle. In this study, aerosol-induced changes in fog properties become more remarkable in the second fog (Fog2) than in the first fog (Fog1). The reason is that aerosol–cloud interaction (ACI) delays Fog1 dissipation, leading to the PBL meteorological conditions being more conducive to Fog2 formation and to stronger ACI in Fog2.
Lubica Vetráková, Vilém Neděla, Kamila Závacká, Xin Yang, and Dominik Heger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4463–4488, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4463-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4463-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Salt aerosols are important to polar atmospheric chemistry and global climate. Therefore, we utilized a unique electron microscope to identify the most suitable conditions for formation of the small salt (CsCl) particles, proxies of the aerosols, from sublimating salty snow. Very low sublimation temperature and low salt concentration are needed for formation of such particles. These observations may help us to better understand polar spring ozone depletion and bromine explosion events.
Le Cao, Simeng Li, Yicheng Gu, and Yuhan Luo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3363–3382, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3363-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3363-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We performed a 3-D mesoscale model study on ozone depletion events (ODEs) occurring in the spring of 2019 at Barrow using an air quality model, CMAQ. Many ODEs observed at Barrow were captured by the model, and the contribution from each physical or chemical process to ozone and bromine species during ODEs was quantitatively evaluated. We found the ODEs at Barrow to be strongly influenced by horizontal transport. In contrast, over the sea, local chemistry significantly reduced the surface ozone.
Xin Yang, Kimberly Strong, Alison S. Criscitiello, Marta Santos-Garcia, Kristof Bognar, Xiaoyi Zhao, Pierre Fogal, Kaley A. Walker, Sara M. Morris, and Peter Effertz
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-696, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-696, 2022
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
Snow pack in high Arctic plays a key role in polar atmospheric chemistry, especially in spring when photochemistry becomes active. By sampling surface snow from a Canadian high Arctic location at Eureka, Nunavut (80° N, 86° W), we demonstrate that surface snow is a net sink rather than a source of atmospheric reactive bromine and nitrate. This finding is new and opposite to previous conclusions that snowpack is a large and direct source of reactive bromine in polar spring.
Chenglong Zhou, Yuzhi Liu, Qingzhe Zhu, Qing He, Tianliang Zhao, Fan Yang, Wen Huo, Xinghua Yang, and Ali Mamtimin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5195–5207, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5195-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5195-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Based on the radiosonde observations, an anomalously warm layer is measured at altitudes between 500 and 300 hPa over the Tarim Basin (TB) with an average intensity of 2.53 and 1.39 K in the spring and summer, respectively. The heat contributions of dust to this anomalously warm atmospheric layer in spring and summer were 13.77 and 10.25 %, respectively. Topographically, the TB is adjacent to the Tibetan Plateau; we propose the concept of the Tibetan heat source’s northward extension.
Jiandong Wang, Jia Xing, Shuxiao Wang, Rohit Mathur, Jiaping Wang, Yuqiang Zhang, Chao Liu, Jonathan Pleim, Dian Ding, Xing Chang, Jingkun Jiang, Peng Zhao, Shovan Kumar Sahu, Yuzhi Jin, David C. Wong, and Jiming Hao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5147–5156, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5147-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5147-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosols reduce surface solar radiation and change the photolysis rate and planetary boundary layer stability. In this study, the online coupled meteorological and chemistry model was used to explore the detailed pathway of how aerosol direct effects affect secondary inorganic aerosol. The effects through the dynamics pathway act as an equally or even more important route compared with the photolysis pathway in affecting secondary aerosol concentration in both summer and winter.
Le Cao, Linjie Fan, Simeng Li, and Shuangyan Yang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 3875–3890, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-3875-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-3875-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We analyzed the observational data and used models to discover the impact of the total ozone column (TOC) on the occurrence of tropospheric ozone depletion events (ODE) in the Antarctic. The results suggest that the decrease of TOC favors the occurrence of ODE. When TOC varies the rates of major ODE accelerating reactions are substantially altered but the rates of major ODE decelerating reactions remain unchanged. As a result, the occurrence of ODE negatively depends on the TOC.
Xiaoyun Sun, Tianliang Zhao, Yongqing Bai, Shaofei Kong, Huang Zheng, Weiyang Hu, Xiaodan Ma, and Jie Xiong
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 3579–3593, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-3579-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-3579-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study revealed the impact of anthropogenic emissions and meteorological conditions on PM2.5 decline in the regional transport of air pollutants over a receptor region in central China. The meteorological drivers led to upwind accelerating and downward offsetting of the effects of emission reductions over the receptor region in regional PM2.5 transport, and the contribution of gaseous precursor emissions to PM2.5 pollution was enhanced with reduced anthropogenic emissions in recent years.
Ľubica Vetráková, Vilém Neděla, Jiří Runštuk, Xin Yang, and Dominik Heger
The Cryosphere Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2021-376, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2021-376, 2022
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
In polar regions, sea salt aerosols are important to polar atmospheric chemistry, yet their mechanism of formation is not well understood. We inspected the sublimation residues of salty ices in a unique electron microscope and sought for small salt particles, proxies of sea salt aerosols. Our experiments showed that aerosolizable salt particles are preferably generated from low-concentrated ices and at low temperatures. This condition favors salty snow as an efficient source of the aerosols.
Jing Cai, Cheng Wu, Jiandong Wang, Wei Du, Feixue Zheng, Simo Hakala, Xiaolong Fan, Biwu Chu, Lei Yao, Zemin Feng, Yongchun Liu, Yele Sun, Jun Zheng, Chao Yan, Federico Bianchi, Markku Kulmala, Claudia Mohr, and Kaspar R. Daellenbach
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 1251–1269, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1251-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1251-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates the connection between organic aerosol (OA) molecular composition and particle absorptive properties in autumn in Beijing. We find that the molecular properties of OA compounds in different episodes influence particle light absorption properties differently: the light absorption enhancement of black carbon and light absorption coefficient of brown carbon were mostly related to more oxygenated OA (low C number and four O atoms) and aromatics/nitro-aromatics, respectively.
Xiangde Xu, Chan Sun, Deliang Chen, Tianliang Zhao, Jianjun Xu, Shengjun Zhang, Juan Li, Bin Chen, Yang Zhao, Hongxiong Xu, Lili Dong, Xiaoyun Sun, and Yan Zhu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 1149–1157, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1149-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1149-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A vertical transport window of tropospheric vapor exists on the Tibetan Plateau (TP). The TP's thermal forcing drives the vertical transport
windowof vapor in the troposphere. The effects of the TP's vertical transport window of vapor are of importance in global climate change.
Hongyi Ding, Le Cao, Haimei Jiang, Wenxing Jia, Yong Chen, and Junling An
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 6135–6153, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6135-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6135-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We performed a WRF model study to figure out the mechanism of how the change in minimum eddy diffusivity (Kzmin) in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) closure scheme (ACM2) affects the simulated near-surface temperature in Beijing, China. Moreover, the influence of changing Kzmin on the temperature prediction in areas with different land-use categories was studied. The model performance using a functional-type Kzmin for capturing the temperature change in this area was also clarified.
Xiangde Xu, Wenyue Cai, Tianliang Zhao, Xinfa Qiu, Wenhui Zhu, Chan Sun, Peng Yan, Chunzhu Wang, and Fei Ge
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 14131–14139, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14131-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14131-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We found that the structure of atmospheric thermodynamics in the troposphere can be regarded as a strong forewarning signal for variations of surface PM2.5 concentration in heavy air pollution.
Le Cao, Simeng Li, and Luhang Sun
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 12687–12714, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12687-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12687-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Gas-phase chemical reaction mechanisms, e.g., CB6 mechanism, are essential parts of the atmospheric transport model. In order to better understand the changes caused by the updates between different versions of the CB6 mechanism, in this study, the behavior of three different CB6 mechanisms in simulating ozone, nitrogen oxides and formaldehyde under two different emission conditions was analyzed using a concentration sensitivity analysis, and the reasons causing the deviations were figured out.
Zhuozhi Shu, Yubao Liu, Tianliang Zhao, Junrong Xia, Chenggang Wang, Le Cao, Haoliang Wang, Lei Zhang, Yu Zheng, Lijuan Shen, Lei Luo, and Yueqing Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 9253–9268, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9253-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9253-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Focusing on a heavy haze pollution event in the Sichuan Basin (SCB), we investigated the elevated 3D structure of PM2.5 and trans-boundary transport with the WRF-Chem simulation. It is remarkable for vertical PM2.5 that the unique hollows were structured, which which occurred by the interaction of vortex circulations and topographic effects. The SCB was regarded as the major air pollutant source with the trans-boundary transport of PM2.5 affecting atmospheric environment changes.
Cited articles
Abbatt, J. P. D., Thomas, J. L., Abrahamsson, K., Boxe, C., Granfors, A., Jones, A. E., King, M. D., Saiz-Lopez, A., Shepson, P. B., Sodeau, J., Toohey, D. W., Toubin, C., von Glasow, R., Wren, S. N., and Yang, X.: Halogen activation via interactions with environmental ice and snow in the polar lower troposphere and other regions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 6237–6271, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-6237-2012, 2012. a, b
Adams, J. W., Holmes, N. S., and Crowley, J. N.: Uptake and reaction of HOBr on frozen and dry NaCl
Akimoto, H.: Atmospheric Reaction Chemistry, 1st edn., Springer Tokyo, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55870-5, 2016. a
Al Farizi, W. S., Hidayah, I., and Rizal, M. N.: Isolation Forest Based Anomaly Detection: A Systematic Literature Review, in: 2021 8th International Conference on Information Technology, Computer and Electrical Engineering (ICITACEE), 118–122, https://doi.org/10.1109/ICITACEE53184.2021.9617498, 2021. a
Anlauf, K., Mickle, R., and Trivett, N.: Measurement of ozone during Polar Sunrise Experiment 1992, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 25345–25353, 1994. a
Ariya, P. A., Dastroor, A. P., Amyot, M., Schroeder, W. H., Barrie, L., Anlauf, K., Raofie, F., Ryzhkov, A., Davignon, D., Lalonde, J., and Steffen, A.: The Arctic: a sink for mercury, Tellus B, 56, 397–403, 2004. a
Barrie, L., Bottenheim, J., Schnell, R. C., Crutzen, P., and Rasmussen, R.: Ozone destruction and photochemical reactions at polar sunrise in the lower Arctic atmosphere, Nature, 334, 138–141, 1988. a
Basu, N., Abass, K., Dietz, R., Krümmel, E., Rautio, A., and Weihe, P.: The impact of mercury contamination on human health in the Arctic: A state of the science review, Sci. Total Environ., 831, 154793, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154793, 2022. a
Begoin, M., Richter, A., Weber, M., Kaleschke, L., Tian-Kunze, X., Stohl, A., Theys, N., and Burrows, J. P.: Satellite observations of long range transport of a large BrO plume in the Arctic, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 6515–6526, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-6515-2010, 2010. a
Bian, L., Ye, L., Ding, M., Gao, Z., Zheng, X., and Schnell, R.: Surface Ozone Monitoring and Background Concentration at Zhongshan Station, Antarctica, Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, 8, 1–14, https://doi.org/10.4236/acs.2018.81001, 2018. a, b
Bottenheim, J., Netcheva, S., Morin, S., and Nghiem, S.: Ozone in the boundary layer air over the Arctic Ocean: measurements during the TARA transpolar drift 2006–2008, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 4545–4557, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-4545-2009, 2009. a, b
Bottenheim, J. W. and Chan, E.: A trajectory study into the origin of spring time Arctic boundary layer ozone depletion, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 111, D19301, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007055, 2006. a
Bottenheim, J. W., Gallant, A. G., and Brice, K. A.: Measurements of NOy species and O3 at 82 N latitude, Geophys. Res. Lett., 13, 113–116, 1986. a
Bottenheim, J. W., Fuentes, J. D., Tarasick, D. W., and Anlauf, K. G.: Ozone in the Arctic lower troposphere during winter and spring 2000 (ALERT2000), Atmos. Environ., 36, 2535–2544, 2002. a
Bougoudis, I., Blechschmidt, A.-M., Richter, A., Seo, S., and Burrows, J. P.: Simulating tropospheric BrO in the Arctic using an artificial neural network, Atmos. Environ., 276, 119032, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119032, 2022. a
Brockway, N., Peterson, P. K., Bigge, K., Hajny, K. D., Shepson, P. B., Pratt, K. A., Fuentes, J. D., Starn, T., Kaeser, R., Stirm, B. H., and Simpson, W. R.: Tropospheric bromine monoxide vertical profiles retrieved across the Alaskan Arctic in springtime, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 23–40, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-23-2024, 2024. a
Burd, J. A., Peterson, P. K., Nghiem, S. V., Perovich, D. K., and Simpson, W. R.: Snowmelt onset hinders bromine monoxide heterogeneous recycling in the Arctic, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 122, 8297–8309, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD026906, 2017. a, b
Cairo, F. and Colavitto, T.: Polar Stratospheric Clouds in the Arctic, Physics and Chemistry of the Arctic Atmosphere, 415–467, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33566-3_7, 2020. a
Cao, L., Li, S., Gu, Y., and Luo, Y.: A three-dimensional simulation and process analysis of tropospheric ozone depletion events (ODEs) during the springtime in the Arctic using CMAQ (Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3363–3382, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3363-2023, 2023. a
Chen, D., Luo, Y., Yang, X., Si, F., Dou, K., Zhou, H., Qian, Y., Hu, C., Liu, J., and Liu, W.: Study of an Arctic blowing snow-induced bromine explosion event in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, Sci. Total Environ., 839, 156335, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156335, 2022. a
Cho, H., Shepson, P., Barrie, L., Cowin, J., and Zaveri, R.: NMR Investigation of the Quasi-Brine Layer in Ice/Brine Mixtures, J. Phys. Chem. B, 106, 11226–11232, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp020449+, 2002. a
Crocker, I.: NOAA GML Meteorology Data, Barrow, 2000-03-01 to 2022-05-31, Data fields: 1–14, https://gml.noaa.gov/aftp/data/barrow/meteorology/, last access: 1 November 2024. a
Crutzen, P. J. and Arnold, F.: Nitric acid cloud formation in the cold Antarctic stratosphere: A major cause for the springtime “ozone hole”, Nature, 324, 651–655, 1986. a
Custard, K., Raso, A., Shepson, P., Staebler, R., and Pratt, K.: Production and Release of Molecular Bromine and Chlorine from the Arctic Coastal Snowpack, ACS Earth and Space Chemistry, 1, 142–151, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.7b00014, 2017. a, b
Dastoor, A., Wilson, S. J., Travnikov, O., Ryjkov, A., Angot, H., Christensen, J. H., Steenhuisen, F., and Muntean, M.: Arctic atmospheric mercury: Sources and changes, Sci. Total Environ., 839, 156213, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156213, 2022. a
Ding, M.-H., Wang, X., Bian, L.-G., Jiang, Z.-N., Lin, X., Qu, Z.-F., Su, J., Wang, S., Wei, T., Zhai, X.-C., Zhang, D.-Q., Zhang, L., Zhang, W.-Q., Zhao, S.-D., and Zhu, K.-J.: State of polar climate in 2023, Advances in Climate Change Research, 15, 769–783, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2024.08.004, 2024. a
Draper, N. R. and Smith, H.: Applied regression analysis, vol. 326, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 9780471170822, 1998. a
Fan, S.-M. and Jacob, D. J.: Surface ozone depletion in Arctic spring sustained by bromine reactions on aerosols, Nature, 359, 522–524, 1992. a
Frieß, U., Sihler, H., Sander, R., Pöhler, D., Yilmaz, S., and Platt, U.: The vertical distribution of BrO and aerosols in the Arctic: Measurements by active and passive differential optical absorption spectroscopy, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 116, D00R04, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD015938, 2011. a, b
Gilman, J. B., Burkhart, J. F., Lerner, B. M., Williams, E. J., Kuster, W. C., Goldan, P. D., Murphy, P. C., Warneke, C., Fowler, C., Montzka, S. A., Miller, B. R., Miller, L., Oltmans, S. J., Ryerson, T. B., Cooper, O. R., Stohl, A., and de Gouw, J.: Ozone variability and halogen oxidation within the Arctic and sub-Arctic springtime boundary layer, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 10223–10236, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-10223-2010, 2010. a
Halfacre, J. W., Knepp, T. N., Shepson, P. B., Thompson, C. R., Pratt, K. A., Li, B., Peterson, P. K., Walsh, S. J., Simpson, W. R., Matrai, P. A., Bottenheim, J. W., Netcheva, S., Perovich, D. K., and Richter, A.: Temporal and spatial characteristics of ozone depletion events from measurements in the Arctic, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 4875–4894, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-4875-2014, 2014. a, b
Hassija, V., Chamola, V., Mahapatra, A., Singal, A., Goel, D., Huang, K., Scardapane, S., Spinelli, I., Mahmud, M., and Hussain, A.: Interpreting Black-Box Models: A Review on Explainable Artificial Intelligence, Cogn. Comput., 16, 45–74, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12559-023-10179-8, 2024. a
Hausmann, M. and Platt, U.: Spectroscopic measurement of bromine oxide and ozone in the high Arctic during Polar Sunrise Experiment 1992, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 99, 25399–25413, 1994. a
Herrmann, M., Sihler, H., Frieß, U., Wagner, T., Platt, U., and Gutheil, E.: Time-dependent 3D simulations of tropospheric ozone depletion events in the Arctic spring using the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 7611–7638, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7611-2021, 2021. a
Herrmann, M., Schöne, M., Borger, C., Warnach, S., Wagner, T., Platt, U., and Gutheil, E.: Ozone depletion events in the Arctic spring of 2019: a new modeling approach to bromine emissions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 13495–13526, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13495-2022, 2022. a
Huang, J., Jaeglé, L., and Shah, V.: Using CALIOP to constrain blowing snow emissions of sea salt aerosols over Arctic and Antarctic sea ice, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 16253–16269, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16253-2018, 2018. a
Huang, J., Jaeglé, L., Chen, Q., Alexander, B., Sherwen, T., Evans, M. J., Theys, N., and Choi, S.: Evaluating the impact of blowing-snow sea salt aerosol on springtime BrO and O3 in the Arctic, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 7335–7358, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-7335-2020, 2020. a, b, c
Hung, J., Liu, L., Palm, M., Mariani, Z., Manney, G. L., Millán, L. F., and Strong, K.: Autonomous Year-Round Measurements of O3, CO, CH4, and N2O in the High Arctic With the Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 130, e2024JD042847, https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD042847, 2025. a
Jacobi, H.-W., Morin, S., and Bottenheim, J. W.: Observation of widespread depletion of ozone in the springtime boundary layer of the central Arctic linked to mesoscale synoptic conditions, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 115, D17302, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD013940, 2010. a, b
Jones, A. E., Wolff, E. W., Ames, D., Bauguitte, S.-B., Clemitshaw, K., Fleming, Z., Mills, G., Saiz-Lopez, A., Salmon, R. A., Sturges, W., and Worton, D. R.: The multi-seasonal NOy budget in coastal Antarctica and its link with surface snow and ice core nitrate: results from the CHABLIS campaign, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 9271–9285, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-9271-2011, 2011. a
Koo, J.-H., Wang, Y., Kurosu, T. P., Chance, K., Rozanov, A., Richter, A., Oltmans, S. J., Thompson, A. M., Hair, J. W., Fenn, M. A., Weinheimer, A. J., Ryerson, T. B., Solberg, S., Huey, L. G., Liao, J., Dibb, J. E., Neuman, J. A., Nowak, J. B., Pierce, R. B., Natarajan, M., and Al-Saadi, J.: Characteristics of tropospheric ozone depletion events in the Arctic spring: analysis of the ARCTAS, ARCPAC, and ARCIONS measurements and satellite BrO observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 9909–9922, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-9909-2012, 2012. a, b, c
Koo, J.-H., Wang, Y., Jiang, T., Deng, Y., Oltmans, S. J., and Solberg, S.: Influence of climate variability on near-surface ozone depletion events in the Arctic spring, Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 2582–2589, 2014. a
Lacis, A. A., Wuebbles, D. J., and Logan, J. A.: Radiative forcing of climate by changes in the vertical distribution of ozone, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 95, 9971–9981, 1990. a
Law, K. S., Hjorth, J. L., Pernov, J. B., Whaley, C., Skov, H., Collaud Coen, M., Langner, J., Arnold, S. R., Tarasick, D. W., Christensen, J., Deushi, M., Effertz, P., Faluvegi, G., Gauss, M., Im, U., Oshima, N., Petropavlovskikh, I., Plummer, D., Tsigaridis, K., Tsyro, S., Solberg, S., and Turnock, S. T.: Arctic tropospheric ozone trends, Geophys. Res. Lett., 50, e2023GL103096, https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL103096, 2023. a, b
Liu, F. T., Ting, K. M., and Zhou, Z.-H.: Isolation forest, in: 2008 Eighth IEEE International Conference on Data Mining, 413–422, IEEE, https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDM.2008.17, 2008. a
Liu, W., Hegglin, M. I., Checa-Garcia, R., Li, S., Gillett, N. P., Lyu, K., Zhang, X., and Swart, N. C.: Stratospheric ozone depletion and tropospheric ozone increases drive Southern Ocean interior warming, Nat. Clim. Change, 12, 365–372, 2022. a
McClure-Begley, A., Petropavlovskikh, I., and Oltmans, S.: NOAA GLobal Monitoring Surface Ozone Network, Barrow, 2000-03-01 to 2022-05-31, https://doi.org/10.7289/V57P8WBF, 2024. a
McConnell, J., Henderson, G., Barrie, L., Bottenheim, J., Niki, H., Langford, C., and Templeton, E.: Photochemical bromine production implicated in Arctic boundary-layer ozone depletion, Nature, 355, 150–152, 1992. a
Michalowski, B. A., Francisco, J. S., Li, S.-M., Barrie, L. A., Bottenheim, J. W., and Shepson, P. B.: A computer model study of multiphase chemistry in the Arctic boundary layer during polar sunrise, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 105, 15131–15145, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD900004, 2000. a
Montgomery, D. C., Peck, E. A., and Vining, G. G.: Introduction to linear regression analysis, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 978-1-119-57875-8, 2021. a
Oltmans, S. J.: Surface ozone measurements in clean air, J. Geophys. Res.: Oceans, 86, 1174–1180, 1981. a
Oltmans, S. J., Johnson, B. J., and Harris, J. M.: Springtime boundary layer ozone depletion at Barrow, Alaska: Meteorological influence, year-to-year variation, and long-term change, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 117, D00R18, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016889, 2012. a, b, c, d
Peterson, P. K., Simpson, W. R., and Nghiem, S. V.: Variability of bromine monoxide at Barrow, Alaska, over four halogen activation (March–May) seasons and at two on-ice locations, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 121, 1381–1396, 2016. a
Peterson, P. K., Hartwig, M., May, N. W., Schwartz, E., Rigor, I., Ermold, W., Steele, M., Morison, J. H., Nghiem, S. V., and Pratt, K. A.: Snowpack measurements suggest role for multi-year sea ice regions in Arctic atmospheric bromine and chlorine chemistry, Elem. Sci. Anth., 7, https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.352, 2019. a
Piot, M. and Von Glasow, R.: The potential importance of frost flowers, recycling on snow, and open leads for ozone depletion events, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 2437–2467, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-2437-2008, 2008. a, b
Pratt, K. A., Custard, K. D., Shepson, P. B., Douglas, T. A., Pöhler, D., General, S., Zielcke, J., Simpson, W. R., Platt, U., Tanner, D. J., Huey, L. G., Carlsen, M. S., and Stirm, B. H.: Photochemical production of molecular bromine in Arctic surface snowpacks, Nat. Geosci., 6, 351–356, 2013. a, b, c
Ridley, B. A., Atlas, E. L., Montzka, D. D., Browell, E. V., Cantrell, C. A., Blake, D. R., Blake, N. J., Cinquini, L., Coffey, M. T., Emmons, L. K., Cohen, R. C., DeYoung, R. J., Dibb, J. E., Eisele, F. L., Flocke, F. M., Fried, A., Grahek, F. E., Grant, W. B., Hair, J. W., Hannigan, J. W., Heikes, B. J., Lefer, B. L., Mauldin, R. L., Moody, J. L., Shetter, R. E., Snow, J. A., Talbot, R. W., Thornton, J. A., Walega, J. G., Weinheimer, A. J., Wert, B. P., and Wimmers, A. J.: Ozone depletion events observed in the high latitude surface layer during the TOPSE aircraft program, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 108, TOP 4-1–TOP 4-22, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001507, 2003. a, b, c
Seinfeld, J. and Pandis, S.: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: from air pollution to climate change, A Wiley-Intersciencie publications, Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, USA, ISBN 9780471720188, 2006. a
Shupe, M. D., Rex, M., Blomquist, B., et al.: Overview of the MOSAiC expedition: Atmosphere, Elem. Sci. Anth., 10, 00060, https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2021.00060, 2022. a
Simpson, W., Carlson, D., Hönninger, G., Douglas, T., Sturm, M., Perovich, D., and Platt, U.: First-year sea-ice contact predicts bromine monoxide (BrO) levels at Barrow, Alaska better than potential frost flower contact, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 621–627, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-621-2007, 2007a. a
Simpson, W. R., Von Glasow, R., Riedel, K., Anderson, P., Ariya, P., Bottenheim, J., Burrows, J., Carpenter, L., Frieß, U., Goodsite, M. E., Heard, D., Hutterli, M., Jacobi, H.-W., Kaleschke, L., Neff, B., Plane, J., Platt, U., Richter, A., Roscoe, H., Sander, R., Shepson, P., Sodeau, J., Steffen, A., Wagner, T., and Wolff, E.: Halogens and their role in polar boundary-layer ozone depletion, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 4375–4418, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-4375-2007, 2007b. a, b
Tang, T. and McConnell, J.: Autocatalytic release of bromine from Arctic snow pack during polar sunrise, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 2633–2636, 1996. a
Tarasick, D. and Bottenheim, J.: Surface ozone depletion episodes in the Arctic and Antarctic from historical ozonesonde records, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2, 197–205, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2-197-2002, 2002. a
Thoman, R. L., Moon, T. A., and Druckenmiller, M. L.: NOAA Arctic Report Card 2023: Executive Summary, Technical Report OAR ARC; 23-01, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U. S., noaa:56621, https://doi.org/10.25923/5vfa-k694, 2023. a
Thomas, J. L., Stutz, J., Lefer, B., Huey, L. G., Toyota, K., Dibb, J. E., and von Glasow, R.: Modeling chemistry in and above snow at Summit, Greenland – Part 1: Model description and results, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 4899–4914, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-4899-2011, 2011. a
Thomas, J. L., Dibb, J. E., Huey, L. G., Liao, J., Tanner, D., Lefer, B., von Glasow, R., and Stutz, J.: Modeling chemistry in and above snow at Summit, Greenland – Part 2: Impact of snowpack chemistry on the oxidation capacity of the boundary layer, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 6537–6554, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-6537-2012, 2012. a
Umar, S. A. and Tasduq, S. A.: Ozone layer depletion and emerging public health concerns-an update on epidemiological perspective of the ambivalent effects of ultraviolet radiation exposure, Frontiers in Oncology, 12, 866733, https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.866733, 2022. a
Weisberg, S.: Applied linear regression, vol. 528, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 9780471663799, 2005. a
Yang, X., Pyle, J. A., Cox, R. A., Theys, N., and Van Roozendael, M.: Snow-sourced bromine and its implications for polar tropospheric ozone, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 7763–7773, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7763-2010, 2010. a, b, c
Yang, X., Frey, M. M., Rhodes, R. H., Norris, S. J., Brooks, I. M., Anderson, P. S., Nishimura, K., Jones, A. E., and Wolff, E. W.: Sea salt aerosol production via sublimating wind-blown saline snow particles over sea ice: parameterizations and relevant microphysical mechanisms, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 8407–8424, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-8407-2019, 2019. a, b, c
Yang, X., Blechschmidt, A.-M., Bognar, K., McClure-Begley, A., Morris, S., Petropavlovskikh, I., Richter, A., Skov, H., Strong, K., Tarasick, D. W., Uttal, T., Vestenius, M., and Zhao, X.: Pan-Arctic surface ozone: modelling vs. measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 15937–15967, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-15937-2020, 2020. a, b, c
Zilker, B., Richter, A., Blechschmidt, A.-M., von der Gathen, P., Bougoudis, I., Seo, S., Bösch, T., and Burrows, J. P.: Investigation of meteorological conditions and BrO during ozone depletion events in Ny-Ålesund between 2010 and 2021, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9787–9814, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9787-2023, 2023. a
Short summary
We applied various criteria to identify springtime ozone depletion events (ODEs) at Utqiaġvik, Arctic, and investigated the influence of using different criteria on conclusions regarding the characteristics of ODEs. We found that criteria using fixed thresholds or monthly average-based thresholds were more suitable for identifying ODEs than the others. Applying a threshold that varies with the monthly average or stricter fixed thresholds also indicated a more significant reduction in ODE occurrences.
We applied various criteria to identify springtime ozone depletion events (ODEs) at Utqiaġvik,...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint