Articles | Volume 24, issue 24
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-14177-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-14177-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
19 Dec 2024
Research article |
| 19 Dec 2024
| 19 Dec 2024
Heterogeneous formation and light absorption of secondary organic aerosols from acetone photochemical reactions: remarkably enhancing effects of seeds and ammonia
Si Zhang
Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
Yining Gao
Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
Xinbei Xu
Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
Luyao Chen
Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
Can Wu
Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Rd., Chongming, Shanghai 202150, China
Zheng Li
Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
Rongjie Li
Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
Binyu Xiao
Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
Xiaodi Liu
Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
Rui Li
Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Rd., Chongming, Shanghai 202150, China
Fan Zhang
Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Rd., Chongming, Shanghai 202150, China
Key Lab of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
Institute of Eco-Chongming, 20 Cuiniao Rd., Chongming, Shanghai 202150, China
Related authors
Can Wu, Yubao Chen, Yuwei Sun, Huijun Zhang, Si Zhang, Cong Cao, Jianjun Li, and Gehui Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1668, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1668, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Biogenic secondary organic aerosol (BSOA), as an important atmospheric component, is prevalent within the boundary layer and can influence air quality and human health. Our observations demonstrate that anthropogenic NOx and the enhanced aerosol water driven by sulfate inhibit BSOA formation in lifting air masses, leading to a moderate reduction in the SOA burden in the upper boundary layer.
Xinbei Xu, Yining Gao, Si Zhang, Luyao Chen, Rongjie Li, Zheng Li, Rui Li, and Gehui Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3046, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3046, 2024
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
This work systematically explained the nonlinear effect of NOx level on isoprene-SOA mass yield through a series of chamber experiments. We found that the turning point under various oxidants was smaller than previous reported in the presence of OH precursors, which could be attributed to the RO2 pathway competition in nucleation and condensation of low volatile products. The highest SOA yield was at a branching ratio β of 0.5, which can be used as a reference for field campaign and modeling.
Can Wu, Xiaodi Liu, Ke Zhang, Si Zhang, Cong Cao, Jianjun Li, Rui Li, Fan Zhang, and Gehui Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 9263–9275, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9263-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9263-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Brown carbon (BrC) is prevalent in the troposphere and can efficiently absorb solar and terrestrial radiation. Our observations show that the enhanced light absorption of BrC relative to black carbon at the tropopause can be attributed to the formation of nitrogen-containing organic compounds through the aqueous-phase reactions of carbonyls with ammonium.
Fan Zhang, Binyu Xiao, Zeyu Liu, Yan Zhang, Chongguo Tian, Rui Li, Can Wu, Yali Lei, Si Zhang, Xinyi Wan, Yubao Chen, Yong Han, Min Cui, Cheng Huang, Hongli Wang, Yingjun Chen, and Gehui Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8999–9017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8999-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8999-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Mandatory use of low-sulfur fuel due to global sulfur limit regulations means large uncertainties in volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions. On-board tests of VOCs from nine cargo ships in China were carried out. Results showed that switching from heavy-fuel oil to diesel increased emission factor VOCs by 48 % on average, enhancing O3 and the secondary organic aerosol formation potential. Thus, implementing a global ultra-low-sulfur oil policy needs to be optimized in the near future.
Shijie Liu, Xinbei Xu, Si Zhang, Rongjie Li, Zheng Li, Can Wu, Rui Li, Guiqin Zhang, and Gehui Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1599, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1599, 2024
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted α-pinene photooxidation experiments in an atmospheric chamber at different NOx concentrations. The increased distribution coefficient of the oxidation products between the aerosol and gas phases with NOx was responsible for the increased SOA yields with NOx under low-NOx conditions. We also found the fraction of SOA made up of nitrogen-containing organic compounds (NOCs) increased with NOx.
Rui Li, Xing Liu, Yubing Shen, Yumeng Shao, Yining Gao, Ziwei Yao, Xi Liu, and Guitao Shi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 9263–9274, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-9263-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-9263-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We reveal for the first time the global variations of PAHs and derivatives in marine air. We found that marine aerosols in East China Sea (ECS) and Western Pacific (WP) were significantly affected by coal and engine combustion, while those in Bismarck Sea (BS) and East Australian Sea (EAS) were mainly influenced by wildfire and coal combustion. The Antarctic Ocean (AO) was dominated by biomass burning and local shipping emissions. This finding helps elucidate the mechanism of the global PAH cycle.
Junke Zhang, Xinyi Fu, Chunying Chen, Yunfei Su, Siyu Liu, Luyao Chen, Yubao Chen, Gehui Wang, and Andre S. H. Prevot
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 8983–9004, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8983-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8983-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We measured (at the molecular level) the 125 organic aerosol (OA) compounds present in Chengdu in winter. OA was dominated by fatty acids, phthalate esters, and anhydrosugars, and it was deeply influenced by anthropogenic sources. As pollution worsened, secondary inorganic species and secondary organic carbon (OC) dominated the increase in PM2.5, fatty acids and anhydrosugars dominated the increase in OA, and the contributions of secondary formation and biomass burning to OC increased markedly.
Binyu Xiao, Fan Zhang, Zeyu Liu, Yan Zhang, Rui Li, Can Wu, Xinyi Wan, Yi Wang, Yubao Chen, Yong Han, Min Cui, Libo Zhang, Yingjun Chen, and Gehui Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 7053–7069, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7053-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7053-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Intermediate-volatility/semi-volatile organic compounds in gas and particle phases from ship exhausts are enhanced due to the switch of fuels from low sulfur to ultra-low sulfur. The findings indicate that optimization is necessary for the forthcoming global implementation of an ultra-low-sulfur oil policy. Besides, we find that organic diagnostic markers of hopanes in conjunction with the ratio of octadecanoic to tetradecanoic could be considered potential tracers for heavy fuel oil exhausts.
Yanqin Ren, Zhenhai Wu, Fang Bi, Hong Li, Haijie Zhang, Junling Li, Rui Gao, Fangyun Long, Zhengyang Liu, Yuanyuan Ji, and Gehui Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 6975–6990, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6975-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6975-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The daily concentrations of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), oxygenated PAHs (OPAHs), and nitrated phenols (NPs) in PM2.5 were all increased during the heating season. Biomass burning was identified to be the primary source of these aromatic compounds, particularly for PAHs. Phenol and nitrobenzene are two main primary precursors for 4NP, with phenol showing lower reaction barriers. P-Cresol was identified as the primary precursor for the formation of 4-methyl-5-nitrocatechol.
Rui Li, Dongmei Tang, Yumeng Shao, Yining Gao, and Hongfang Zhao
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-847, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-847, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In both of historical and future scenarios, Sub-Sahara Africa (SS) and South America (SA) showed the highest fire-sourced MDA 8-hour average (MDA8) O3 concentrations. However, the crop production losses (CPL) caused by O3 exposure reached the highest values in China. The emission control measures largely decreased the O3 damage to crop in China instead of SS and SA.
Wenwen Sun, Xing Liu, and Rui Li
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2080, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2080, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We predicted global variations in atmospheric nine hazardous trace metal levels and assess their responses to COVID-19 lockdown measures. The rise in Pb and Zn concentrations during lockdowns was primarily linked to sustained coal combustion and non-ferrous smelting activities. The reduced emissions of Pb and As during the lockdown period yielded the greatest health benefits. Targeting fossil fuel combustion should be prioritized in Pb and As mitigation strategies.
Can Wu, Yubao Chen, Yuwei Sun, Huijun Zhang, Si Zhang, Cong Cao, Jianjun Li, and Gehui Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1668, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1668, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Biogenic secondary organic aerosol (BSOA), as an important atmospheric component, is prevalent within the boundary layer and can influence air quality and human health. Our observations demonstrate that anthropogenic NOx and the enhanced aerosol water driven by sulfate inhibit BSOA formation in lifting air masses, leading to a moderate reduction in the SOA burden in the upper boundary layer.
Zheng Li, Gehui Wang, Binyu Xiao, Rongjie Li, Can Wu, Shaojun Lv, Feng Wu, Qingyan Fu, and Yusen Duan
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-654, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-654, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Gas-to-aerosol partitioning of organics were investigated in Shanghai during 2023 dust storm period. We found the partitioning coefficients (Fp) of WSOCs in DS were comparable to those during a haze episode (HE), and aerosol liquid water content primarily drove Fp variation in HE, while pH was the dominant factor in DS. Moreover, an enhanced light absorption of Asian dust by brown carbon, mainly in coarse mode, formation was revealed.
Baoye Hu, Naihua Chen, Rui Li, Mingqiang Huang, Jinsheng Chen, Youwei Hong, Lingling Xu, Xiaolong Fan, Mengren Li, Lei Tong, Qiuping Zheng, and Yuxiang Yang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 905–921, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-905-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-905-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Box modeling with the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM) was used to explore summertime peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) formation and its link to aerosol pollution under high-ozone conditions. The MCM model is effective in the study of PAN photochemical formation and performed better during the clean period than the haze period. Machine learning analysis identified ammonia, nitrate, and fine particulate matter as the top three factors contributing to simulation bias.
Xinbei Xu, Yining Gao, Si Zhang, Luyao Chen, Rongjie Li, Zheng Li, Rui Li, and Gehui Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3046, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3046, 2024
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
This work systematically explained the nonlinear effect of NOx level on isoprene-SOA mass yield through a series of chamber experiments. We found that the turning point under various oxidants was smaller than previous reported in the presence of OH precursors, which could be attributed to the RO2 pathway competition in nucleation and condensation of low volatile products. The highest SOA yield was at a branching ratio β of 0.5, which can be used as a reference for field campaign and modeling.
Can Wu, Xiaodi Liu, Ke Zhang, Si Zhang, Cong Cao, Jianjun Li, Rui Li, Fan Zhang, and Gehui Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 9263–9275, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9263-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9263-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Brown carbon (BrC) is prevalent in the troposphere and can efficiently absorb solar and terrestrial radiation. Our observations show that the enhanced light absorption of BrC relative to black carbon at the tropopause can be attributed to the formation of nitrogen-containing organic compounds through the aqueous-phase reactions of carbonyls with ammonium.
Fan Zhang, Binyu Xiao, Zeyu Liu, Yan Zhang, Chongguo Tian, Rui Li, Can Wu, Yali Lei, Si Zhang, Xinyi Wan, Yubao Chen, Yong Han, Min Cui, Cheng Huang, Hongli Wang, Yingjun Chen, and Gehui Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8999–9017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8999-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8999-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Mandatory use of low-sulfur fuel due to global sulfur limit regulations means large uncertainties in volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions. On-board tests of VOCs from nine cargo ships in China were carried out. Results showed that switching from heavy-fuel oil to diesel increased emission factor VOCs by 48 % on average, enhancing O3 and the secondary organic aerosol formation potential. Thus, implementing a global ultra-low-sulfur oil policy needs to be optimized in the near future.
Shijie Liu, Xinbei Xu, Si Zhang, Rongjie Li, Zheng Li, Can Wu, Rui Li, Guiqin Zhang, and Gehui Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1599, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1599, 2024
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted α-pinene photooxidation experiments in an atmospheric chamber at different NOx concentrations. The increased distribution coefficient of the oxidation products between the aerosol and gas phases with NOx was responsible for the increased SOA yields with NOx under low-NOx conditions. We also found the fraction of SOA made up of nitrogen-containing organic compounds (NOCs) increased with NOx.
Rui Li, Yining Gao, Lijia Zhang, Yubing Shen, Tianzhao Xu, Wenwen Sun, and Gehui Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7623–7636, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7623-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7623-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
A three-stage model was developed to obtain the global maps of reactive nitrogen components during 2000–2100. The results implied that cross-validation R2 values of four species showed satisfactory performance (R2 > 0.55). Most reactive nitrogen components, except NH3, in China showed increases during 2000–2013. In the future scenarios, SSP3-7.0 (traditional-energy scenario) and SSP1-2.6 (carbon neutrality scenario) showed the highest and lowest reactive nitrogen component concentrations.
Yanqin Ren, Zhenhai Wu, Yuanyuan Ji, Fang Bi, Junling Li, Haijie Zhang, Hao Zhang, Hong Li, and Gehui Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6525–6538, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6525-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6525-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Nitrated aromatic compounds (NACs) and oxygenated derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OPAHs) in PM2.5 were examined from an urban area in Beijing during the autumn and winter. The OPAH and NAC concentrations were much higher during heating than before heating. They majorly originated from the combustion of biomass and automobile emissions, and the secondary generation was the major contributor throughout the whole sampling period.
Junke Zhang, Yunfei Su, Chunying Chen, Wenkai Guo, Qinwen Tan, Miao Feng, Danlin Song, Tao Jiang, Qiang Chen, Yuan Li, Wei Li, Yizhi Wang, Xiaojuan Huang, Lin Han, Wanqing Wu, and Gehui Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2803–2820, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2803-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2803-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Typical haze events in Chengdu at the beginning of 2023 were investigated with bulk-chemical and single-particle analyses along with numerical model simulations. By integrating the obtained chemical composition, source, mixing state and numerical simulation results, we infer that Haze-1 was mainly caused by pollutants related to fossil fuel combustion, especially local mobile sources, while Haze-2 was triggered by the secondary pollutants, which mainly came from regional transmission.
Zeyu Sun, Zheng Zong, Yang Tan, Chongguo Tian, Zeyu Liu, Fan Zhang, Rong Sun, Yingjun Chen, Jun Li, and Gan Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12851–12865, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12851-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12851-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This is the first report of ship-emitted nitrogen stable isotope composition (δ15N) of nitrogen oxides (NOx). The results showed that δ15N–NOx from ships was −18.5 ± 10.9 ‰ and increased monotonically with tightening emission regulations. The selective catalytic reduction system was the most vital factor. The temporal variation in δ15N–NOx was evaluated and can be used to select suitable δ15N–NOx for a more accurate assessment of the contribution of ship-emitted exhaust to atmospheric NOx.
Yanqin Ren, Gehui Wang, Jie Wei, Jun Tao, Zhisheng Zhang, and Hong Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6835–6848, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6835-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6835-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Nine quantified nitrated aromatic compounds (NACs) in PM2.5 were examined at the peak of Mt. Wuyi. They manifested a significant rise in overall abundance in the winter and autumn. The transport of contaminants had a significant impact on NACs. Under low-NOx conditions, the formation of NACs was comparatively sensitive to NO2, suggesting that NACs would become significant in the aerosol characteristics when nitrate concentrations decreased as a result of emission reduction measures.
Rui Li, Yining Gao, Yubao Chen, Meng Peng, Weidong Zhao, Gehui Wang, and Jiming Hao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4709–4726, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4709-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4709-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A random forest model was used to isolate the effects of emission and meteorology to trace elements in PM2.5 in Tangshan. The results suggested that control measures facilitated decreases of Ga, Co, Pb, Zn, and As, due to the strict implementation of coal-to-gas strategies and optimisation of industrial structure and layout. However, the deweathered levels of Ca, Cr, and Fe only displayed minor decreases, indicating that ferrous metal smelting and vehicle emission controls should be enhanced.
Chaohao Ling, Lulu Cui, and Rui Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3311–3324, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3311-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3311-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
An ensemble machine-learning model coupled with chemical transport models (CTMs) was applied to assess the impact of COVID-19 on ambient benzene. The change ratio of the deweathered benzene concentration from the pre-lockdown to lockdown period was in the order of India (−23.6 %) > Europe (−21.9 %) > the United States (−16.2 %) > China (−15.6 %), which might be associated with local serious benzene pollution and substantial emission reduction in the industrial and transportation sectors.
Can Wu, Cong Cao, Jianjun Li, Shaojun Lv, Jin Li, Xiaodi Liu, Si Zhang, Shijie Liu, Fan Zhang, Jingjing Meng, and Gehui Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 15621–15635, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15621-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-15621-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Over the past decade, the relative abundance of NH4NO3 in aerosol has been enhanced in most urban areas of China, which profoundly affects the PM2.5 pollution episodes. Our work finds that fine-particle nitrate and ammonium exhibited distinct, different physicochemical behaviors in the aerosol aging process.
Youwei Hong, Xinbei Xu, Dan Liao, Taotao Liu, Xiaoting Ji, Ke Xu, Chunyang Liao, Ting Wang, Chunshui Lin, and Jinsheng Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 7827–7841, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7827-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7827-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) simulation remains uncertain, due to the unknown SOA formation mechanisms. Aerosol samples with a 4 h time resolution were collected, along with online measurements of aerosol chemical compositions and meteorological parameters. We found that anthropogenic emissions, atmospheric oxidation capacity and halogen chemistry have significant effects on the formation of biogenic SOA (BSOA). The findings of this study are helpful to better explore the missed SOA sources.
Shijie Liu, Dandan Huang, Yiqian Wang, Si Zhang, Xiaodi Liu, Can Wu, Wei Du, and Gehui Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 17759–17773, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17759-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17759-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A series of chamber experiments was performed to probe the individual and common effects of NH3 and NOx on toluene secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation through OH photooxidation. The synergetic effects of NH3 and NOx on the toluene SOA concentration and optical absorption were observed. The higher-volatility products formed in the presence of NOx could precipitate into the particle phase when NH3 was added. The formation pathways of N-containing OAs through NOx or NH3 are also discussed.
Rui Li, Yilong Zhao, Hongbo Fu, Jianmin Chen, Meng Peng, and Chunying Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 8677–8692, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8677-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8677-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Based on a random forest model, the strict lockdown measures significantly decreased primary components such as Cr (−67 %) and Fe (−61 %) in PM2.5 (p < 0.01), whereas the higher relative humidity (RH) and NH3 level and the lower air temperature (T) remarkably enhanced the production of secondary aerosol including SO42− (29 %), NO3− (29 %), and NH4+ (21 %) (p < 0.05). The natural experiment suggested that the NH3 emission should be strictly controlled.
Rui Li, Lulu Cui, Yilong Zhao, Wenhui Zhou, and Hongbo Fu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 2147–2163, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-2147-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-2147-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A unique monthly NO3− dataset at 0.25° resolution over China during 2005–2015 was developed by assimilating multi-source variables. The newly developed product featured an excellent cross-validation R2 value (0.78) and relatively lower RMSE (1.19 μg N m−3) and mean absolute error (MAE: 0.81 μg N m−3). The dataset also exhibited relatively robust performance at the spatial and temporal scales. The dataset over China could deepen knowledge of the status of N pollution in China.
Jinlong Ma, Juanyong Shen, Peng Wang, Shengqiang Zhu, Yu Wang, Pengfei Wang, Gehui Wang, Jianmin Chen, and Hongliang Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 7343–7355, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7343-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-7343-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Due to the reduced anthropogenic emissions during the COVID-19 lockdown, mainly from the transportation and industrial sectors, PM2.5 decreased significantly in the whole Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and its major cities. However, the contributions and relative importance of different source sectors and regions changed differently, indicating that control strategies should be adjusted accordingly for further pollution control.
Xiaona Shang, Ling Li, Xinlian Zhang, Huihui Kang, Guodong Sui, Gehui Wang, Xingnan Ye, Hang Xiao, and Jianmin Chen
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 1037–1045, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-1037-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-1037-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Oxidative stress can be used to evaluate not only adverse health effects but also adverse ecological effects. However, little research uses eco-toxicological assay to assess the risks posed by particle matter to non-human biomes. One important reason might be that the concentration of toxic components of atmospheric particles is far below the high detection limit of eco-toxic measurement. To solve the rapid detection problem, we extended a VACES for ecotoxicity aerosol measurement.
Cited articles
Aiona, P. K., Lee, H. J., Leslie, R., Lin, P., Laskin, A., Laskin, J., and Nizkorodov, S. A.: Photochemistry of products of the aqueous reaction of methylglyoxal with ammonium sulfate, ACS Earth Space Chem., 1, 522–532, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.7b00075, 2017.
Amorim, J. V., Wu, S., Klimchuk, K., Lau, C., Williams, F. J., Huang, Y., and Zhao, R.: pH dependence of the OH reactivity of organic acids in the aqueous phase, Environ. Sci. Technol., 54, 12484–12492, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c03331, 2020.
Amorim, J. V., Guo, X., Gautam, T., Fang, R., Fotang, C., Williams, F. J., and Zhao, R.: Photo-oxidation of pinic acid in the aqueous phase: a mechanistic investigation under acidic and basic pH conditions, Environ. Sci. Atmos., 1, 276–287, https://doi.org/10.1039/d1ea00031d, 2021.
Arnold, S. R., Chipperfield, M. P., Blitz, M. A., Heard, D. E., and Pilling, M. J.: Photodissociation of acetone: Atmospheric implications of temperature-dependent quantum yields, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L07110, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GL019099, 2004.
Bateman, A. P., Bertram, A. K., and Martin, S. T.: Hygroscopic influence on the semisolid-to-liquid transition of secondary organic materials, J. Phys. Chem. A, 119, 4386–4395, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp508521c, 2014.
Bateman, A. P., Gong, Z., Liu, P., Sato, B., Cirino, G., Zhang, Y., Artaxo, P., Bertram, A. K., Manzi, A. O., Rizzo, L. V., Souza, R. A. F., Zaveri, R. A., and Martin, S. T.: Sub-micrometre particulate matter is primarily in liquid form over Amazon rainforest, Nat. Geosci., 9, 34–37, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2599, 2015.
Chen, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Liu, Y. M., Shen, C., Wu, L. Q., Wang, X. M., Fan, Q., Zhou, S. Z., and Hang, J.: Regional modeling of secondary organic aerosol formation over eastern China: The impact of uptake coefficients of dicarbonyls and semivolatile process of primary organic aerosol, Sci. Total Environ., 793, 148176, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148176, 2021.
Chowdhury, S., Pozzer, A., Haines, A., Klingmüller, K., Münzel, T., Paasonen, P., Sharma, A., Venkataraman, C., and Lelieveld, J.: Global health burden of ambient PM2.5 and the contribution of anthropogenic black carbon and organic aerosols, Environ. Int., 159, 107020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.107020, 2022.
Cui, J. N., Sun, M., Wang, L., Guo, J., Xie, G., Zhang, J., and Zhang, R.: Gas-particle partitioning of carbonyls and its influencing factors in the urban atmosphere of Zhengzhou, China, Sci. Total Environ., 751, 142027, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142027, 2021.
Curry, L. A., Tsui, W. G., and McNeill, V. F.: Technical note: Updated parameterization of the reactive uptake of glyoxal and methylglyoxal by atmospheric aerosols and cloud droplets, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 9823–9830, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-9823-2018, 2018.
De Haan, D. O., Hawkins, L. N., Kononenko, J. A., Turley, J. J., Corrigan, A. L., Tolbert, M. A., and Jimenez, J. L.: Formation of nitrogen-containing oligomers by methylglyoxal and amines in simulated evaporating cloud droplets, Environ. Sci. Technol., 45, 984–991, https://doi.org/10.1021/es102933x, 2010.
De Haan, D. O., Pajunoja, A., Hawkins, L. N., Welsh, H. G., Jimenez, N. G., De Loera, A., Zauscher, M., Andretta, A. D., Joyce, B. W., De Haan, A. C., Riva, M., Cui, T. Q., Surratt, J. D., Cazaunau, M., Formenti, P., Gratien, A., Pangui, E., and Doussin, J. F.: Methylamine's Effects on Methylglyoxal-Containing Aerosol: Chemical, Physical, and Optical Changes, ACS Earth Space Chem., 3, 1706–1716, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.9b00103, 2019.
Fu, T. M., Jacob, D. J., Wittrock, F., Burrows, J. P., Vrekoussis, M., and Henze, D. K.: Global budgets of atmospheric glyoxal and methylglyoxal, and implications for formation of secondary organic aerosols, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 113, D15303, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007jd009505, 2008.
Ge, S., Wang, G., Zhang, S., Li, D., Xie, Y., Wu, C., Yuan, Q., Chen, J., and Zhang, H.: Abundant NH3 in China enhances atmospheric HONO production by promoting the heterogeneous reaction of SO2 with NO2, Environ. Sci. Technol., 53, 14339–14347, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b04196, 2019.
Ge, S. S., Xu, Y. F., and Jia, L.: Effects of inorganic seeds on secondary organic aerosol formation from photochemical oxidation of acetone in a chamber, Atmos. Environ., 170, 205–215, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.09.036, 2017.
Gen, M., Huang, D. D., and Chan, C. K.: Reactive Uptake of Glyoxal by Ammonium-Containing Salt Particles as a Function of Relative Humidity, Environ. Sci. Technol., 52, 6903–6911, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b00606, 2018.
Guo, H., Liu, J., Froyd, K. D., Roberts, J. M., Veres, P. R., Hayes, P. L., Jimenez, J. L., Nenes, A., and Weber, R. J.: Fine particle pH and gas–particle phase partitioning of inorganic species in Pasadena, California, during the 2010 CalNex campaign, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 5703–5719, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5703-2017, 2017.
He, Y., Zhao, B., Wang, S., Valorso, R., Chang, X., Yin, D., Feng, B., Camredon, M., Aumont, B., Dearden, A., Jathar, S. H., Shrivastava, M., Jiang, Z., Cappa, C. D., Yee, L. D., Seinfeld, J. H., Hao, J., and Donahue, N. M.: Formation of secondary organic aerosol from wildfire emissions enhanced by long-time ageing, Nat. Geosci., 17, 124–129, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-023-01355-4, 2024.
Heald, C. L., Jacob, D. J., Park, R. J., Russell, L. M., Huebert, B. J., Seinfeld, J. H., Liao, H., and Weber, R. J.: A large organic aerosol source in the free troposphere missing from current models, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L18809, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GL023831, 2005.
Herrmann, H., Schaefer, T., Tilgner, A., Styler, S. A., Weller, C., Teich, M., and Otto, T.: Tropospheric aqueous-phase chemistry: Kinetics, mechanisms, and its coupling to a changing gas phase, Chem. Rev., 115, 4259–4334, https://doi.org/10.1021/cr500447k, 2015.
Huang, D. D., Zhang, X., Dalleska, N. F., Lignell, H., Coggon, M. M., Chan, C. M., Flagan, R. C., Seinfeld, J. H., and Chan, C. K.: A note on the effects of inorganic seed aerosol on the oxidation state of secondary organic aerosol–α-Pinene ozonolysis, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 121, 12476–12483, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jd025999, 2016.
Huang, L., Wu, Z. a., Liu, H., Yarwood, G., Huang, D., Wilson, G., Chen, H., Ji, D., Tao, J., Han, Z., Wang, Y., Wang, H., Huang, C., and Li, L.: An improved framework for efficiently modeling organic aerosol (OA) considering primary OA evaporation and secondary OA formation from VOCs, IVOCs, and SVOCs, Environmental Science: Atmospheres, 4, 1064–1078, https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ea00060a, 2024.
Huang, Q., Lu, H., Li, J., Ying, Q., Gao, Y., Wang, H., Guo, S., Lu, K., Qin, M., and Hu, J.: Modeling the molecular composition of secondary organic aerosol under highly polluted conditions: A case study in the Yangtze River Delta Region in China, Sci. Total Environ., 938, 173327, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173327, 2024.
Huang, Y., Zhao, R., Charan, S. M., Kenseth, C. M., Zhang, X., and Seinfeld, J. H.: Unified theory of vapor–wall mass transport in Teflon-walled environmental chambers, Environ. Sci. Technol., 52, 2134–2142, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b05575, 2018.
Jacob, D. J., Field, B. D., Jin, E. M., Bey, I., Li, Q., Logan, J. A., Yantosca, R. M., and Singh, H. B.: Atmospheric budget of acetone, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 107, ACH 5-1–ACH 5-17, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001jd000694, 2002.
Jang, M., Czoschke, N. M., Lee, S., and Kamens, R. M.: Heterogeneous Atmospheric Aerosol Production by Acid-Catalyzed Particle-Phase Reactions, Science, 298, 814–817, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1075798, 2002.
Ji, Y. M., Shi, Q. J., Li, Y. X., An, T. C., Zheng, J., Peng, J. F., Gao, Y. P., Chen, J. Y., Li, G. Y., Wang, Y., Zhang, F., Zhang, A. L., Zhao, J. Y., Molina, M. J., and Zhang, R. Y.: Carbenium ion-mediated oligomerization of methylglyoxal for secondary organic aerosol formation, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 117, 13294–13299, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1912235117, 2020.
Jia, L., Xu, Y., and Duan, M.: Explosive formation of secondary organic aerosol due to aerosol-fog interactions, Sci. Total Environ., 866, 161338, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161338, 2023.
Jo, D. S., Nault, B. A., Tilmes, S., Gettelman, A., McCluskey, C. S., Hodzic, A., Henze, D. K., Nawaz, M. O., Fung, K. M., and Jimenez, J. L.: Global health and climate effects of organic aerosols from different sources, Environ. Sci. Technol., 57, 13793–13807, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c02823, 2023.
Kampf, C. J., Waxman, E. M., Slowik, J. G., Dommen, J., Pfaffenberger, L., Praplan, A. P., Prévôt, A. S. H., Baltensperger, U., Hoffmann, T., and Volkamer, R.: Effective Henry's Law partitioning and the salting constant of glyoxal in aerosols containing sulfate, Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, 4236–4244, https://doi.org/10.1021/es400083d, 2013.
Kasthuriarachchi, N. Y., Rivellini, L. H., Chen, X., Li, Y. J., and Lee, A. K. Y.: Effect of relative humidity on secondary brown carbon formation in aqueous droplets, Environ. Sci. Technol., 54, 13207–13216, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c01239, 2020.
Kenseth, C. M., Hafeman, N. J., Rezgui, S. P., Chen, J., Huang, Y., Dalleska, N. F., Kjaergaard, H. G., Stoltz, B. M., Seinfeld, J. H., and Wennberg, P. O.: Particle-phase accretion forms dimer esters in pinene secondary organic aerosol, Science, 382, 787–792, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adi0857, 2023.
Li, J., Zhang, H., Li, L., Ye, F., Wang, H., Guo, S., Zhang, N., Qin, M., and Hu, J.: Modeling secondary organic aerosols in China: State of the art and perspectives, Curr. Pollut. Rep., 9, 22–45, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40726-022-00246-3, 2023.
Li, Y. X., Zhao, J. Y., Wang, Y., Seinfeld, J. H., and Zhang, R. Y.: Multigeneration production of secondary organic aerosol from toluene photooxidation, Environ. Sci. Technol., 55, 8592–8603, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c02026, 2021a.
Li, Y. X., Ji, Y. M., Zhao, J. Y., Wang, Y., Shi, Q. J., Peng, J. F., Wang, Y. Y., Wang, C. Y., Zhang, F., Wang, Y. X., Seinfeld, J. H., and Zhang, R. Y.: Unexpected oligomerization of small alpha-dicarbonyls for secondary organic aerosol and brown carbon formation, Environ. Sci. Technol., 55, 4430–4439, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c08066, 2021b.
Liu, S., Wang, Y., Xu, X., and Wang, G.: Effects of NO2 and RH on secondary organic aerosol formation and light absorption from OH oxidation of o-xylene, Chemosphere, 308, 136541, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136541, 2022.
Liu, S., Huang, D., Wang, Y., Zhang, S., Liu, X., Wu, C., Du, W., and Wang, G.: Synergetic effects of NH3 and NOx on the production and optical absorption of secondary organic aerosol formation from toluene photooxidation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 17759–17773, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17759-2021, 2021.
Liu, S. J., Wang, Y. Q., Wang, G. H., Zhang, S., Li, D. P., Du, L., Wu, C., Du, W., and Ge, S. S.: Enhancing effect of NO2 on the formation of light-absorbing secondary organic aerosols from toluene photooxidation, Sci. Total Environ., 794, 148714, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148714, 2021.
Liu, T. and Abbatt, J. P. D.: Oxidation of sulfur dioxide by nitrogen dioxide accelerated at the interface of deliquesced aerosol particles, Nat. Chem., 13, 1173–1177, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-021-00777-0, 2021.
Liu, T., Huang, D. D., Li, Z., Liu, Q., Chan, M., and Chan, C. K.: Comparison of secondary organic aerosol formation from toluene on initially wet and dry ammonium sulfate particles at moderate relative humidity, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 5677–5689, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5677-2018, 2018.
Liu, X., Wang, H., Wang, F., Lv, S., Wu, C., Zhao, Y., Zhang, S., Liu, S., Xu, X., Lei, Y., and Wang, G.: Secondary formation of atmospheric brown carbon in China haze: Implication for an enhancing role of ammonia, Environ. Sci. Technol., 57, 11163–11172, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c03948, 2023.
Liu, Y., Liggio, J., Staebler, R., and Li, S.-M.: Reactive uptake of ammonia to secondary organic aerosols: kinetics of organonitrogen formation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 13569–13584, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-13569-2015, 2015.
Lv, S., Wang, F., Wu, C., Chen, Y., Liu, S., Zhang, S., Li, D., Du, W., Zhang, F., Wang, H., Huang, C., Fu, Q., Duan, Y., and Wang, G.: Gas-to-aerosol phase partitioning of atmospheric water-soluble organic compounds at a rural site in China: An enhancing effect of NH3 on SOA formation, Environ. Sci. Technol., 56, 3915–3924, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c06855, 2022.
Lv, S., Wu, C., Wang, F., Liu, X., Zhang, S., Chen, Y., Zhang, F., Yang, Y., Wang, H., Huang, C., Fu, Q., Duan, Y., and Wang, G.: Nitrate-enhanced gas-to-particle-phase partitioning of water-soluble organic compounds in Chinese urban atmosphere: Implications for secondary organic aerosol formation, Environ. Sci. Tech. Let., 10, 14–20, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.2c00894, 2023.
Moch, J. M., Dovrou, E., Mickley, L. J., Keutsch, F. N., Liu, Z., Wang, Y., Dombek, T. L., Kuwata, M., Budisulistiorini, S. H., Yang, L., Decesari, S., Paglione, M., Alexander, B., Shao, J., Munger, J. W., and Jacob, D. J.: Global Importance of Hydroxymethanesulfonate in Ambient Particulate Matter: Implications for Air Quality, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 125, D032706, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD032706, 2020.
Nguyen, T. B., Coggon, M. M., Bates, K. H., Zhang, X., Schwantes, R. H., Schilling, K. A., Loza, C. L., Flagan, R. C., Wennberg, P. O., and Seinfeld, J. H.: Organic aerosol formation from the reactive uptake of isoprene epoxydiols (IEPOX) onto non-acidified inorganic seeds, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 3497–3510, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-3497-2014, 2014.
Poulain, L., Katrib, Y., Isikli, E., Liu, Y., Wortham, H., Mirabel, P., Le Calve, S., and Monod, A.: In-cloud multiphase behaviour of acetone in the troposphere: Gas uptake, Henry's law equilibrium and aqueous phase photooxidation, Chemosphere, 81, 312–320, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.07.032, 2010.
Raff, J. D., Stevens, P. S., and Hites, R. A.: Relative Rate and Product Studies of the OH-Acetone Reaction, J. Phys. Chem. A, 109, 4728–4735, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp0501547, 2005.
Riva, M., Bell, D. M., Hansen, A.-M. K., Drozd, G. T., Zhang, Z., Gold, A., Imre, D., Surratt, J. D., Glasius, M., and Zelenyuk, A.: Effect of organic coatings, humidity and aerosol acidity on multiphase chemistry of isoprene epoxydiols, Environ. Sci. Technol., 50, 5580–5588, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b06050, 2016.
Riva, M., Chen, Y., Zhang, Y., Lei, Z., Olson, N. E., Boyer, H. C., Narayan, S., Yee, L. D., Green, H. S., Cui, T., Zhang, Z., Baumann, K., Fort, M., Edgerton, E., Budisulistiorini, S. H., Rose, C. A., Ribeiro, I. O., e Oliveira, R. L., dos Santos, E. O., Machado, C. M. D., Szopa, S., Zhao, Y., Alves, E. G., de Sá, S. S., Hu, W., Knipping, E. M., Shaw, S. L., Duvoisin Junior, S., de Souza, R. A. F., Palm, B. B., Jimenez, J.-L., Glasius, M., Goldstein, A. H., Pye, H. O. T., Gold, A., Turpin, B. J., Vizuete, W., Martin, S. T., Thornton, J. A., Dutcher, C. S., Ault, A. P., and Surratt, J. D.: Increasing isoprene epoxydiol-to-inorganic sulfate aerosol ratio results in extensive conversion of inorganic sulfate to organosulfur forms: Implications for aerosol physicochemical properties, Environ. Sci. Technol., 53, 8682–8694, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b01019, 2019.
Rodriguez, A. A., de Loera, A., Powelson, M. H., Galloway, M. M., and Haan, D. O.: Formaldehyde and Acetaldehyde Increase Aqueous-Phase Production of Imidazoles in Methylglyoxal/Amine Mixtures: Quantifying a Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation Mechanism, Environ. Sci. Tech. Let., 4, 234–239, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.7b00129, 2017.
Seinfeld, J. H. and Pandis, S. N.: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From air pollution to climate change, John Wliey & Sons, 2nd edn., ISBN: 978-0-471-72018-8, 2006.
Shen, C., Zhang, W., Choczynski, J., Davies, J. F., and Zhang, H.: Phase state and relative humidity regulate the heterogeneous oxidation kinetics and pathways of organic-inorganic mixed aerosols, Environ. Sci. Technol., 56, 15398–15407, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c04670, 2022.
Srivastava, D., Vu, T. V., Tong, S., Shi, Z., and Harrison, R. M.: Formation of secondary organic aerosols from anthropogenic precursors in laboratory studies, npj Clim. Atmos. Sci., 5, 22, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-022-00238-6, 2022.
Stefan, M. I. and Bolton, J. R.: Reinvestigation of the acetone degradation mechanism in dilute aqueous solution by the UV/H2O2 process, Environ. Sci. Technol., 33, 870–873, https://doi.org/10.1021/es9808548, 1999.
Tilgner, A., Schaefer, T., Alexander, B., Barth, M., Collett Jr., J. L., Fahey, K. M., Nenes, A., Pye, H. O. T., Herrmann, H., and McNeill, V. F.: Acidity and the multiphase chemistry of atmospheric aqueous particles and clouds, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 13483–13536, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13483-2021, 2021.
Wang, C., Lei, Y. D., and Wania, F.: Effect of sodium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, and salt mixtures on aqueous phase partitioning of organic compounds, Environ. Sci. Technol., 50, 12742–12749, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b03525, 2016a.
Wang, F., Lv, S., Liu, X., Lei, Y., Wu, C., Chen, Y., Zhang, F., and Wang, G.: Investigation into the differences and relationships between gasSOA and aqSOA in winter haze pollution on Chongming Island, Shanghai, based on VOCs observation, Environ. Pollut., 316, 120684, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120684, 2023.
Wang, G., Zhang, R., Gomez, M. E., Yang, L., Levy Zamora, M., Hu, M., Lin, Y., Peng, J., Guo, S., Meng, J., Li, J., Cheng, C., Hu, T., Ren, Y., Wang, Y., Gao, J., Cao, J., An, Z., Zhou, W., Li, G., Wang, J., Tian, P., Marrero-Ortiz, W., Secrest, J., Du, Z., Zheng, J., Shang, D., Zeng, L., Shao, M., Wang, W., Huang, Y., Wang, Y., Zhu, Y., Li, Y., Hu, J., Pan, B., Cai, L., Cheng, Y., Ji, Y., Zhang, F., Rosenfeld, D., Liss, P. S., Duce, R. A., Kolb, C. E., and Molina, M. J.: Persistent sulfate formation from London Fog to Chinese haze, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 113, 13630–13635, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1616540113, 2016b.
Wang, S., Apel, E. C., Schwantes, R. H., Bates, K. H., Jacob, D. J., Fischer, E. V., Hornbrook, R. S., Hills, A. J., Emmons, L. K., Pan, L. L., Honomichl, S., Tilmes, S., Lamarque, J.-F., Yang, M., Marandino, C. A., Saltzman, E. S., de Bruyn, W., Kameyama, S., Tanimoto, H., Omori, Y., Hall, S. R., Ullmann, K., Ryerson, T. B., Thompson, C. R., Peischl, J., Daube, B. C., Commane, R., McKain, K., Sweeney, C., Thames, A. B., Miller, D. O., Brune, W. H., Diskin, G. S., DiGangi, J. P., and Wofsy, S. C.: Global atmospheric budget of acetone: Air-sea exchange and the contribution to hydroxyl radicals, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 125, e2020JD032553, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020jd032553, 2020.
Wang, Y., Cui, S., Fu, X., Zhang, Y., Wang, J., Fu, P., Ge, X., Li, H., and Wang, X.: Secondary organic aerosol formation from photooxidation of C3H6 under the presence of NH3: Effects of seed particles, Environ. Res., 211, 113064, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.113064, 2022.
Waxman, E. M., Elm, J., Kurtén, T., Mikkelsen, K. V., Ziemann, P. J., and Volkamer, R.: Glyoxal and methylglyoxal setschenow salting constants in sulfate, nitrate, and chloride solutions: Measurements and gibbs energies, Environ. Sci. Technol., 49, 11500–11508, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b02782, 2015.
Wei, J., Fang, T., and Shiraiwa, M.: Effects of acidity on reactive oxygen species formation from secondary organic aerosols, ACS Environ. Au, 2, 336–345, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenvironau.2c00018, 2022.
Wong, J. P. S., Lee, A. K. Y., and Abbatt, J. P. D.: Impacts of sulfate seed acidity and water content on isoprene secondary organic aerosol formation, Environ. Sci. Technol., 49, 13215–13221, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b02686, 2015.
Yang, L., Huang, R.-J., Yuan, W., Huang, D. D., and Huang, C.: pH-dependent aqueous-phase brown carbon formation: Rate constants and implications for solar absorption and atmospheric photochemistry, Environ. Sci. Technol., 58, 1236–1243, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c07631, 2024.
Yaremenko, I. A., Vil', V. A., Demchuk, D. V., and Terent'ev, A. O.: Rearrangements of organic peroxides and related processes, Beilstein J. Org. Chem., 12, 1647–1748, https://doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.12.162, 2016.
Yasmeen, F., Sauret, N., Gal, J.-F., Maria, P.-C., Massi, L., Maenhaut, W., and Claeys, M.: Characterization of oligomers from methylglyoxal under dark conditions: a pathway to produce secondary organic aerosol through cloud processing during nighttime, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 3803–3812, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-3803-2010, 2010.
You, B., Li, S. Y., Tsona, N. T., Li, J. L., Xu, L., Yang, Z. M., Cheng, S. M., Chen, Q. C., George, C., Ge, M. F., and Du, L.: Environmental processing of short-chain fatty alcohols induced by photosensitized chemistry of brown carbons, ACS Earth Space Chem., 4, 631–640, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.0c00023, 2020.
Zhang, J., Shrivastava, M., Zelenyuk, A., Zaveri, R. A., Surratt, J. D., Riva, M., Bell, D., and Glasius, M.: Observationally constrained modeling of the reactive uptake of isoprene-derived epoxydiols under elevated relative humidity and varying acidity of seed aerosol conditions, ACS Earth Space Chem., 7, 788–799, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.2c00358, 2023.
Zhang, R., Wang, G., Guo, S., Zamora, M. L., Ying, Q., Lin, Y., Wang, W., Hu, M., and Wang, Y.: Formation of urban fine particulate matter, Chem. Rev., 115, 3803–3855, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00067, 2015.
Zhang, S., Li, D., Ge, S., Liu, S., Wu, C., Wang, Y., Chen, Y., Lv, S., Wang, F., Meng, J., and Wang, G.: Rapid sulfate formation from synergetic oxidation of SO2 by O3 and NO2 under ammonia-rich conditions: Implications for the explosive growth of atmospheric PM2.5 during haze events in China, Sci. Total Environ., 772, 144897, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144897, 2021.
Zhang, S., Li, D., Ge, S., Wu, C., Xu, X., Liu, X., Li, R., Zhang, F., and Wang, G.: Elucidating the mechanism on the transition-metal ion-synergetic-catalyzed oxidation of SO2 with implications for sulfate formation in Beijing haze, Environ. Sci. Technol., 58, 2912–2921, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c08411, 2024.
Zhang, X., Schwantes, R. H., McVay, R. C., Lignell, H., Coggon, M. M., Flagan, R. C., and Seinfeld, J. H.: Vapor wall deposition in Teflon chambers, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 4197–4214, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-4197-2015, 2015.
Zhang, Y. M., He, L., Sun, X. M., Ventura, O. N., and Herrmann, H.: Theoretical Investigation on the Oligomerization of Methylglyoxal and Glyoxal in Aqueous Atmospheric Aerosol Particles, ACS Earth Space Chem., 6, 1031–1043, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.1c00422, 2022.
Zhao, J., Levitt, N. P., Zhang, R., and Chen, J.: Heterogeneous Reactions of methylglyoxal in acidic media: Implications for secondary organic aerosol formation, Environ. Sci. Technol., 40, 7682–7687, https://doi.org/10.1021/es060610k, 2006.
Zhao, R., Aljawhary, D., Lee, A. K. Y., and Abbatt, J. P. D.: Rapid aqueous-phase photooxidation of dimers in the α-pinene secondary organic aerosol, Environ. Sci. Tech. Let., 4, 205–210, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.7b00148, 2017.
Zheng, H., Chang, X., Wang, S., Li, S., Zhao, B., Dong, Z., Ding, D., Jiang, Y., Huang, G., Huang, C., An, J., Zhou, M., Qiao, L., and Xing, J.: Sources of Organic Aerosol in China from 2005 to 2019: A Modeling Analysis, Environ. Sci. Technol., 57, 5957–5966, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c08315, 2023.
Short summary
Secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) from acetone photooxidation in the presence of various seeds were studied to illustrate SOA formation kinetics under ammonia-rich conditions. The oxidation mechanism of acetone was investigated using an observation-based model incorporating a Master Chemical Mechanism model. A higher SOA yield of acetone was observed compared to methylglyoxal due to an enhanced uptake of the small photooxidation products of acetone.
Secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) from acetone photooxidation in the presence of various seeds...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint