Articles | Volume 23, issue 14
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8103-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8103-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
19 Jul 2023
Research article |
| 19 Jul 2023
| 19 Jul 2023
Levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Antarctic atmosphere over time (1980 to 2021) and estimation of their atmospheric half-lives
Thais Luarte
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Programa de Doctorado en Medicina de la Conservación, Facultad
Ciencias de La Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, 8370251, Chile
GEMA, Center for Genomics, Ecology & Environment, Universidad
Mayor, Camino La Pirámide, 5750 Huechuraba, Santiago, 8580745, Chile
Anillo en Ciencia y Tecnología Antártica POLARIX, Santiago de Chile, Chile
Victoria A. Gómez-Aburto
GEMA, Center for Genomics, Ecology & Environment, Universidad
Mayor, Camino La Pirámide, 5750 Huechuraba, Santiago, 8580745, Chile
Anillo en Ciencia y Tecnología Antártica POLARIX, Santiago de Chile, Chile
Ignacio Poblete-Castro
Biosystems Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical and
Bioprocess Engineering, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), 9170022, Santiago,
Chile
Eduardo Castro-Nallar
Anillo en Ciencia y Tecnología Antártica POLARIX, Santiago de Chile, Chile
Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Campus Talca, Av. Lircay s/n, Talca, 3460000, Chile
Centro de Ecología Integrativa, Universidad de Talca, Campus
Talca, Av. Lircay s/n, Talca, 3460000, Chile
Nicolas Huneeus
Anillo en Ciencia y Tecnología Antártica POLARIX, Santiago de Chile, Chile
Center for Climate and Resilience Research (CR), Santiago,
8370415, Chile
Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical
Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, 8370456, Chile
Marco Molina-Montenegro
Anillo en Ciencia y Tecnología Antártica POLARIX, Santiago de Chile, Chile
Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Univ. Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo,
Chile
Claudia Egas
Centro de Ecología Integrativa, Universidad de Talca, Campus
Talca, Av. Lircay s/n, Talca, 3460000, Chile
Germán Azcune
Departamento de Desarrollo Tecnológico – DDT, Centro
Universitario Regional del Este (CURE), Universidad de la República,
Ruta 9 y Ruta 15, Rocha, 27000, Uruguay
Andrés Pérez-Parada
Departamento de Desarrollo Tecnológico – DDT, Centro
Universitario Regional del Este (CURE), Universidad de la República,
Ruta 9 y Ruta 15, Rocha, 27000, Uruguay
Rainier Lohmann
Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island,
Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA
Pernilla Bohlin-Nizzetto
NILU – Norwegian Institute for Air Research, P.O. Box 100, Kjeller, 2027, Norway
Jordi Dachs
Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona
18-26, Barcelona, Catalonia, 08034, Spain
Susan Bengtson-Nash
Southern Ocean Persistent Organic Pollutants Program, Centre for
Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science,
Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia
Gustavo Chiang
Center for Sustainable Research & Department of Ecology and
Biodiversity, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago,
8370251, Chile
Karla Pozo
Facultad de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad San
Sebastián, Lientur 1457, Concepción, Chile
RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
Cristóbal J. Galbán-Malagón
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
GEMA, Center for Genomics, Ecology & Environment, Universidad
Mayor, Camino La Pirámide, 5750 Huechuraba, Santiago, 8580745, Chile
Anillo en Ciencia y Tecnología Antártica POLARIX, Santiago de Chile, Chile
Institute of Environment, Florida International University,
University Park, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
Related authors
No articles found.
Jorge E. Pachon, Mariel Opazo, Pablo Lichtig, Nicolas Hunneus, Idir Bouarar, Guy Brasseur, Cathy W. Y. Li, Johannes Flemming, Laurent Menut, Camilo Menares, Laura Gallardo, Michael Gauss, Mikhail Sofiev, Rostislav Kouznetsov, Julia Palamarchuk, Laura Dawidowski, Nestor Y. Rojas, Maria de Fatima Andrade, Mario E. Gavidia-Calderón, Alejandro H. Delgado Peralta, and Daniel Schuch
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-815, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-815, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Latin America (LAC) has some of the most populated urban areas in the world with high levels of air pollution. Air quality management in LAC has been traditionally focused on surveillance and building emission inventories. This study performed the first intercomparison and model evaluation in LAC with interesting and insightful findings for the region. A multi-scale modeling ensemble chain has been assembled as a first step towards an Air Quality forecasting system.
Ruben Urraca, Greet Janssens-Maenhout, Nicolás Álamos, Lucas Berna-Peña, Monica Crippa, Sabine Darras, Stijn Dellaert, Hugo Denier van der Gon, Mark Dowell, Nadine Gobron, Claire Granier, Giacomo Grassi, Marc Guevara, Diego Guizzardi, Kevin Gurney, Nicolás Huneeus, Sekou Keita, Jeroen Kuenen, Ana Lopez-Noreña, Enrique Puliafito, Geoffrey Roest, Simone Rossi, Antonin Soulie, and Antoon Visschedijk
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 501–523, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-501-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-501-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
CoCO2-MOSAIC 1.0 is a global mosaic of regional bottom-up inventories providing gridded (0.1×0.1) monthly emissions of anthropogenic CO2. Regional inventories include country-specific information and finer spatial resolution than global inventories. CoCO2-MOSAIC provides harmonized access to these datasets and can be considered as a regionally accepted reference to assess the quality of global inventories, as done in the current paper.
Rémy Lapere, Nicolás Huneeus, Sylvain Mailler, Laurent Menut, and Florian Couvidat
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 1749–1768, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1749-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1749-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Glaciers in the Andes of central Chile are shrinking rapidly in response to global warming. This melting is accelerated by the deposition of opaque particles onto snow and ice. In this work, model simulations quantify typical deposition rates of soot on glaciers in summer and winter months and show that the contribution of emissions from Santiago is not as high as anticipated. Additionally, the combination of regional- and local-scale meteorology explains the seasonality in deposition.
Mauricio Osses, Néstor Rojas, Cecilia Ibarra, Víctor Valdebenito, Ignacio Laengle, Nicolás Pantoja, Darío Osses, Kevin Basoa, Sebastián Tolvett, Nicolás Huneeus, Laura Gallardo, and Benjamín Gómez
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 1359–1376, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1359-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1359-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents a detailed estimate of on-road vehicle emissions for Chile, between 1990–2020, and an analysis of emission trends for greenhouse gases and local pollutants. Data are disaggregated by type of vehicle and region at 0.01° × 0.01°. While the vehicle fleet grew 5-fold, CO2 emissions increased at a lower rate and local pollutants decreased. These trends can be explained by changes in improved vehicle technologies, better fuel quality and enforcement of emission standards.
Stephen M. Platt, Øystein Hov, Torunn Berg, Knut Breivik, Sabine Eckhardt, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Nikolaos Evangeliou, Markus Fiebig, Rebecca Fisher, Georg Hansen, Hans-Christen Hansson, Jost Heintzenberg, Ove Hermansen, Dominic Heslin-Rees, Kim Holmén, Stephen Hudson, Roland Kallenborn, Radovan Krejci, Terje Krognes, Steinar Larssen, David Lowry, Cathrine Lund Myhre, Chris Lunder, Euan Nisbet, Pernilla B. Nizzetto, Ki-Tae Park, Christina A. Pedersen, Katrine Aspmo Pfaffhuber, Thomas Röckmann, Norbert Schmidbauer, Sverre Solberg, Andreas Stohl, Johan Ström, Tove Svendby, Peter Tunved, Kjersti Tørnkvist, Carina van der Veen, Stergios Vratolis, Young Jun Yoon, Karl Espen Yttri, Paul Zieger, Wenche Aas, and Kjetil Tørseth
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 3321–3369, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-3321-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-3321-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Here we detail the history of the Zeppelin Observatory, a unique global background site and one of only a few in the high Arctic. We present long-term time series of up to 30 years of atmospheric components and atmospheric transport phenomena. Many of these time series are important to our understanding of Arctic and global atmospheric composition change. Finally, we discuss the future of the Zeppelin Observatory and emerging areas of future research on the Arctic atmosphere.
Nicolás Álamos, Nicolás Huneeus, Mariel Opazo, Mauricio Osses, Sebastián Puja, Nicolás Pantoja, Hugo Denier van der Gon, Alejandra Schueftan, René Reyes, and Rubén Calvo
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 361–379, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-361-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-361-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents the first high-resolution national inventory of anthropogenic emissions for Chile (Inventario Nacional de Emisiones Antropogénicas, INEMA). Emissions for vehicular, industrial, energy, mining and residential sectors are estimated for the period 2015–2017 and spatially distributed onto a high-resolution grid (1 × 1 km). This inventory will support policies seeking to mitigate climate change and improve air quality by providing qualified scientific spatial emission information.
Paula Castesana, Melisa Diaz Resquin, Nicolás Huneeus, Enrique Puliafito, Sabine Darras, Darío Gómez, Claire Granier, Mauricio Osses Alvarado, Néstor Rojas, and Laura Dawidowski
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 271–293, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-271-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-271-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This work presents the results of the first joint effort of South American and European researchers to generate regional maps of emissions. The PAPILA dataset is a collection of annual emission inventories of reactive gases (CO, NOx, NMVOCs, NH3, and SO2) from anthropogenic sources in the region for the period 2014–2016. This was developed on the basis of the CAMS-GLOB-ANT v4.1 dataset, enriching it with derived data from locally available emission inventories for Argentina, Chile, and Colombia.
Rémy Lapere, Laurent Menut, Sylvain Mailler, and Nicolás Huneeus
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 6431–6454, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6431-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6431-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Based on modeling, the transport dynamics of ozone and fine particles in central Chile are investigated. Santiago emissions are found to influence air quality along a 1000 km plume as far as Argentina and northern Chile. In turn, emissions outside the metropolis contribute significantly to its recorded particles concentration. Emissions of precursors from Santiago are found to lead to the formation of a persistent ozone bubble in altitude, a phenomenon which is described for the first time.
Laura Röhler, Pernilla Bohlin-Nizzetto, Pawel Rostkowski, Roland Kallenborn, and Martin Schlabach
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 1697–1716, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1697-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1697-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A novel non-destructive, sulfuric-acid-free clean-up method for high-volume air samples was developed and evaluated with organic chemicals covering a wide range of polarities (logP 2–11). This method, providing quantitative results of comparable quality to traditional methods, was combined with newly developed data treatment strategies for simultaneous suspect and non-target screening. The application to air samples from southern Norway revealed 90 new potential chemicals of emerging concern.
Laura Röhler, Martin Schlabach, Peter Haglund, Knut Breivik, Roland Kallenborn, and Pernilla Bohlin-Nizzetto
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 9031–9049, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-9031-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-9031-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
A new clean-up method for the SUS and NTS of organic contaminants was applied to high-volume Arctic air samples. A large number of known and new potential organic chemicals of emerging Arctic concern were identified and prioritised with GC×GC-LRMS; 60 % of the identified contaminants (not yet detected in Arctic samples) do not meet currently accepted criteria for LRATP into polar environments. Without our empirical confirmation, they would not be considered potential Arctic contaminants.
Rémy Lapere, Laurent Menut, Sylvain Mailler, and Nicolás Huneeus
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 4681–4694, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4681-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4681-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Based on measurements and modeling, this study shows that recent record-breaking peak events of fine particles in Santiago, Chile, can be traced back to massive barbecue cooking by its inhabitants during international soccer games. Decontamination plans in Santiago focus on decreasing emissions of pollutants from traffic, industry, and residential heating. This study implies that cultural habits such as barbecue cooking also need to be taken into account.
Angela Benedetti, Jeffrey S. Reid, Peter Knippertz, John H. Marsham, Francesca Di Giuseppe, Samuel Rémy, Sara Basart, Olivier Boucher, Ian M. Brooks, Laurent Menut, Lucia Mona, Paolo Laj, Gelsomina Pappalardo, Alfred Wiedensohler, Alexander Baklanov, Malcolm Brooks, Peter R. Colarco, Emilio Cuevas, Arlindo da Silva, Jeronimo Escribano, Johannes Flemming, Nicolas Huneeus, Oriol Jorba, Stelios Kazadzis, Stefan Kinne, Thomas Popp, Patricia K. Quinn, Thomas T. Sekiyama, Taichu Tanaka, and Enric Terradellas
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 10615–10643, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-10615-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-10615-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Numerical prediction of aerosol particle properties has become an important activity at many research and operational weather centers. This development is due to growing interest from a diverse set of stakeholders, such as air quality regulatory bodies, aviation authorities, solar energy plant managers, climate service providers, and health professionals. This paper describes the advances in the field and sets out requirements for observations for the sustainability of these activities.
Jerónimo Escribano, Olivier Boucher, Frédéric Chevallier, and Nicolás Huneeus
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 7111–7126, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-7111-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-7111-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Top-down estimates of mineral dust flux usually rely on a single observational dataset whose observational errors propagate onto the emission estimates. Aerosol optical depth from five satellites are assimilated one by one into a source inversion system over northern Africa. We find a relatively large dispersion in flux estimates among the five experiments, which can likely be attributed to differences in the assimilated observational datasets and their associated error statistics.
Marie Bigot, Mark A. J. Curran, Andrew D. Moy, Derek C. G. Muir, Darryl W. Hawker, Roger Cropp, Camilla F. Teixeira, and Susan M. Bengtson Nash
The Cryosphere, 10, 2533–2539, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2533-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-2533-2016, 2016
Qianjie Chen, Lei Geng, Johan A. Schmidt, Zhouqing Xie, Hui Kang, Jordi Dachs, Jihong Cole-Dai, Andrew J. Schauer, Madeline G. Camp, and Becky Alexander
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 11433–11450, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-11433-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-11433-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The formation mechanisms of sulfate in the marine boundary layer are not well understood, which could result in large uncertainties in aerosol radiative forcing. We measure the oxygen isotopic composition (Δ17O) of sulfate collected in the MBL and analyze with a global transport model. Our results suggest that 33–50 % of MBL sulfate is formed via oxidation of S(IV) by hypohalous acids HOBr / HOCl in the aqueous phase, and the daily-mean HOBr/HOCl concentrations are on the order of 0.01–0.1 ppt.
Xiaoping Wang, Jiao Ren, Ping Gong, Chuanfei Wang, Yonggang Xue, Tandong Yao, and Rainer Lohmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 6901–6911, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6901-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6901-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Is there any linkage between climate interactions and spatial distribution of persistent organic pollutants (POPs)? To answer this question, we conducted long-term passive air monitoring across the Tibetan Plateau. We found that there are three graphical zones over the Tibetan Plateau that could be classified as a function of POP fingerprints. This study highlights validity of using POP fingerprints as chemical tracers to track the interactions of climate systems.
N. Huneeus, S. Basart, S. Fiedler, J.-J. Morcrette, A. Benedetti, J. Mulcahy, E. Terradellas, C. Pérez García-Pando, G. Pejanovic, S. Nickovic, P. Arsenovic, M. Schulz, E. Cuevas, J. M. Baldasano, J. Pey, S. Remy, and B. Cvetkovic
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 4967–4986, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-4967-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-4967-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Five dust models are evaluated regarding their performance in predicting an intense Saharan dust outbreak affecting western and northern Europe (NE). Models predict the onset and evolution of the event for all analysed lead times. On average, differences among the models are larger than differences in lead times for each model. The models tend to underestimate the long-range transport towards NE. This is partly due to difficulties in simulating the vertical dust distribution and horizontal wind.
N. Berrojalbiz, J. Castro-Jiménez, G. Mariani, J. Wollgast, G. Hanke, and J. Dachs
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 8947–8959, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-8947-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-8947-2014, 2014
S. Ruiz-Halpern, M. Ll. Calleja, J. Dachs, S. Del Vento, M. Pastor, M. Palmer, S. Agustí, and C. M. Duarte
Biogeosciences, 11, 2755–2770, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2755-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2755-2014, 2014
C. J. Galbán-Malagón, S. Del Vento, A. Cabrerizo, and J. Dachs
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 12029–12041, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-12029-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-12029-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Gases | Research Activity: Field Measurements | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
Biomass-burning sources control ambient particulate matter, but traffic and industrial sources control volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions and secondary-pollutant formation during extreme pollution events in Delhi
Multi-year observations of variable incomplete combustion in the New York megacity
Observations of the vertical distributions of summertime atmospheric pollutants in Nam Co: OH production and source analysis
Measurement report: Elevated atmospheric ammonia may promote particle pH and HONO formation – insights from the COVID-19 pandemic
Measurement report: Vertical and temporal variability in the near-surface ozone production rate and sensitivity in an urban area in the Pearl River Delta region, China
Elevated oxidized mercury in the free troposphere: analytical advances and application at a remote continental mountaintop site
Using observed urban NOx sinks to constrain VOC reactivity and the ozone and radical budget in the Seoul Metropolitan Area
Real-world emission characteristics of VOCs from typical cargo ships and their potential contributions to secondary organic aerosol and O3 under low-sulfur fuel policies
NO3 reactivity during a summer period in a temperate forest below and above the canopy
The role of oceanic ventilation and terrestrial outflow in atmospheric non-methane hydrocarbons over the Chinese marginal seas
Concentration and source changes of nitrous acid (HONO) during the COVID-19 lockdown in Beijing
Characteristics and sources of nonmethane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) and O3–NOx–NMVOC relationships in Zhengzhou, China
Deciphering anthropogenic and biogenic contributions to selected non-methane volatile organic compound emissions in an urban area
Emission characteristics of reactive organic gases (ROGs) from industrial volatile chemical products (VCPs) in the Pearl River Delta (PRD), China
Measurement report: Enhanced photochemical formation of formic and isocyanic acids in urban regions aloft – insights from tower-based online gradient measurements
Sources of organic gases and aerosol particles and their roles in nighttime particle growth at a rural forested site in southwest Germany
Surface snow bromide and nitrate at Eureka, Canada, in early spring and implications for polar boundary layer chemistry
Opinion: Strengthening research in the Global South – atmospheric science opportunities in South America and Africa
Measurement Report: Urban Ammonia and Amines in Houston, Texas
Consistency evaluation of tropospheric ozone from ozonesonde and IAGOS aircraft observations: vertical distribution, ozonesonde types and station-airport distance
Investigating Carbonyl Compounds above the Amazon Rainforest using PTR-ToF-MS with NO+ Chemical Ionization
Shipping and algae emissions have a major impact on ambient air mixing ratios of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) and methanethiol on Utö Island in the Baltic Sea
Contribution of cooking emissions to the urban volatile organic compounds in Las Vegas, NV
Reanalysis of NOAA H2 observations: implications for the H2 budget
A large role of missing volatile organic compound reactivity from anthropogenic emissions in ozone pollution regulation
Measurement report: Insights into the chemical composition and origin of molecular clusters and potential precursor molecules present in the free troposphere over the southern Indian Ocean: observations from the Maïdo Observatory (2150 m a.s.l., Réunion)
Ozone deposition measurements over wheat fields in the North China Plain: variability and related factors of deposition flux and velocity
Production of oxygenated volatile organic compounds from the ozonolysis of coastal seawater
Comment on “Transport of substantial stratospheric ozone to the surface by a dying typhoon and shallow convection” by Chen et al. (2022)
Observations of cyanogen bromide (BrCN) in the global troposphere and their relation to polar surface O3 destruction
CO2 and CO temporal variability over Mexico City from ground-based total column and surface measurements
Individual coal mine methane emissions constrained by eddy covariance measurements: low bias and missing sources
Measurement report: In-flight and ground-based measurements of nitrogen oxide emissions from latest generation jet engines and 100% sustainable aviation fuel
Measurement report: Observations of ground-level ozone concentration gradients perpendicular to the Lake Ontario shoreline
Measurement report: The Palau Atmospheric Observatory and its ozonesonde record – continuous monitoring of tropospheric composition and dynamics in the tropical western Pacific
Quantifying SO2 oxidation pathways to atmospheric sulfate using stable sulfur and oxygen isotopes: laboratory simulation and field observation
Influences of downward transport and photochemistry on surface ozone over East Antarctica during austral summer: in situ observations and model simulations
Iodine oxoacids and their roles in sub-3 nm particle growth in polluted urban environments
Intensive photochemical oxidation in the marine atmosphere: evidence from direct radical measurements
Diurnal variations in oxygen and nitrogen isotopes of atmospheric nitrogen dioxide and nitrate: implications for tracing NOx oxidation pathways and emission sources
Measurement report: Method for evaluating CO2 emissions from a cement plant using atmospheric δ(O2 ∕ N2) and CO2 measurements and its implication for future detection of CO2 capture signals
Aircraft-based mass balance estimate of methane emissions from offshore gas facilities in the southern North Sea
Measurement report: Sources, sinks and lifetime of NOX in a sub-urban temperate forest at night
Parameterizations of US wildfire and prescribed fire emission ratios and emission factors based on FIREX-AQ aircraft measurements
Measurement report: Atmospheric nitrate radical chemistry in the South China Sea influenced by the urban outflow of the Pearl River Delta
The interhemispheric gradient of SF6 in the upper troposphere
Weather regimes and the related atmospheric composition at a Pyrenean observatory characterized by hierarchical clustering of a 5-year data set
Tropospheric bromine monoxide vertical profiles retrieved across the Alaskan Arctic in springtime
Source apportionment of methane emissions from the Upper Silesian Coal Basin using isotopic signatures
Measurement report: Exchange fluxes of HONO over agricultural fields in the North China Plain
Arpit Awasthi, Baerbel Sinha, Haseeb Hakkim, Sachin Mishra, Varkrishna Mummidivarapu, Gurmanjot Singh, Sachin D. Ghude, Vijay Kumar Soni, Narendra Nigam, Vinayak Sinha, and Madhavan N. Rajeevan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10279–10304, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10279-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10279-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We use 111 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), PM10, and PM2.5 in a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model to resolve 11 pollution sources validated with chemical fingerprints. Crop residue burning and heating account for ~ 50 % of the PM, while traffic and industrial emissions dominate the gas-phase VOC burden and formation potential of secondary organic aerosols (> 60 %). Non-tailpipe emissions from compressed-natural-gas-fuelled commercial vehicles dominate the transport sector's PM burden.
Luke D. Schiferl, Cong Cao, Bronte Dalton, Andrew Hallward-Driemeier, Ricardo Toledo-Crow, and Róisín Commane
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10129–10142, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10129-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10129-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon monoxide (CO) is an air pollutant and an important indicator of the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels in cities. Using 4 years of winter and spring observations in New York City, we found that both the magnitude and variability of CO from the metropolitan area are greater than expected. Transportation emissions cannot explain the missing and variable CO, which points to energy from buildings as a likely underappreciated source of urban air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.
Chengzhi Xing, Cheng Liu, Chunxiang Ye, Jingkai Xue, Hongyu Wu, Xiangguang Ji, Jinping Ou, and Qihou Hu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10093–10112, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10093-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10093-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We identified the contributions of ozone (O3) and nitrous acid (HONO) to the production rates of hydroxide (OH) in vertical space on the Tibetan Plateau (TP). A new insight was offered: the contributions of HONO and O3 to the production rates of OH on the TP are even greater than in lower-altitudes areas. This study enriches the understanding of vertical distribution of atmospheric components and explains the strong atmospheric oxidation capacity (AOC) on the TP.
Xinyuan Zhang, Lingling Wang, Nan Wang, Shuangliang Ma, Shenbo Wang, Ruiqin Zhang, Dong Zhang, Mingkai Wang, and Hongyu Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 9885–9898, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9885-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9885-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study highlights the importance of the redox reaction of NO2 with SO2 based on actual atmospheric observations. The particle pH in future China is expected to rise steadily. Consequently, this reaction could become a significant source of HONO in China. Therefore, it is crucial to coordinate the control of SO2, NOx, and NH3 emissions to avoid a rapid increase in the particle pH.
Jun Zhou, Chunsheng Zhang, Aiming Liu, Bin Yuan, Yan Wang, Wenjie Wang, Jie-Ping Zhou, Yixin Hao, Xiao-Bing Li, Xianjun He, Xin Song, Yubin Chen, Suxia Yang, Shuchun Yang, Yanfeng Wu, Bin Jiang, Shan Huang, Junwen Liu, Yuwen Peng, Jipeng Qi, Minhui Deng, Bowen Zhong, Yibo Huangfu, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 9805–9826, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9805-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9805-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In-depth understanding of the near-ground vertical variability in photochemical ozone (O3) formation is crucial for mitigating O3 pollution. Utilizing a self-built vertical observation system, a direct net photochemical O3 production rate detection system, and an observation-based model, we diagnosed the vertical distributions and formation mechanism of net photochemical O3 production rates and sensitivity in the Pearl River Delta region, one of the most O3-polluted areas in China.
Eleanor J. Derry, Tyler R. Elgiar, Taylor Y. Wilmot, Nicholas W. Hoch, Noah S. Hirshorn, Peter Weiss-Penzias, Christopher F. Lee, John C. Lin, A. Gannet Hallar, Rainer Volkamer, Seth N. Lyman, and Lynne E. Gratz
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 9615–9643, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9615-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9615-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Mercury (Hg) is a globally distributed neurotoxic pollutant. Atmospheric deposition is the main source of Hg in ecosystems. However, measurement biases hinder understanding of the origins and abundance of the more bioavailable oxidized form. We used an improved, calibrated measurement system to study air mass composition and transport of atmospheric Hg at a remote mountaintop site in the central US. Oxidized Hg originated upwind in the low to middle free troposphere under clean, dry conditions.
Benjamin A. Nault, Katherine R. Travis, James H. Crawford, Donald R. Blake, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Ronald C. Cohen, Joshua P. DiGangi, Glenn S. Diskin, Samuel R. Hall, L. Gregory Huey, Jose L. Jimenez, Kyung-Eun Min, Young Ro Lee, Isobel J. Simpson, Kirk Ullmann, and Armin Wisthaler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 9573–9595, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9573-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9573-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ozone (O3) is a pollutant formed from the reactions of gases emitted from various sources. In urban areas, the density of human activities can increase the O3 formation rate (P(O3)), thus impacting air quality and health. Observations collected over Seoul, South Korea, are used to constrain P(O3). A high local P(O3) was found; however, local P(O3) was partly reduced due to compounds typically ignored. These observations also provide constraints for unmeasured compounds that will impact P(O3).
Fan Zhang, Binyu Xiao, Zeyu Liu, Yan Zhang, Chongguo Tian, Rui Li, Can Wu, Yali Lei, Si Zhang, Xinyi Wan, Yubao Chen, Yong Han, Min Cui, Cheng Huang, Hongli Wang, Yingjun Chen, and Gehui Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8999–9017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8999-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8999-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Mandatory use of low-sulfur fuel due to global sulfur limit regulations means large uncertainties in volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions. On-board tests of VOCs from nine cargo ships in China were carried out. Results showed that switching from heavy-fuel oil to diesel increased emission factor VOCs by 48 % on average, enhancing O3 and the secondary organic aerosol formation potential. Thus, implementing a global ultra-low-sulfur oil policy needs to be optimized in the near future.
Patrick Dewald, Tobias Seubert, Simone T. Andersen, Gunther N. T. E. Türk, Jan Schuladen, Max R. McGillen, Cyrielle Denjean, Jean-Claude Etienne, Olivier Garrouste, Marina Jamar, Sergio Harb, Manuela Cirtog, Vincent Michoud, Mathieu Cazaunau, Antonin Bergé, Christopher Cantrell, Sebastien Dusanter, Bénédicte Picquet-Varrault, Alexandre Kukui, Chaoyang Xue, Abdelwahid Mellouki, Jos Lelieveld, and John N. Crowley
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8983–8997, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8983-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8983-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In the scope of a field campaign in a suburban forest near Paris in the summer of 2022, we measured the reactivity of the nitrate radical NO3 towards biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs; e.g. monoterpenes) mainly below but also above the canopy. NO3 reactivity was the highest during nights with strong temperature inversions and decreased strongly with height. Reactions with BVOCs were the main removal process of NO3 throughout the diel cycle below the canopy.
Jian Wang, Lei Xue, Qianyao Ma, Feng Xu, Gaobin Xu, Shibo Yan, Jiawei Zhang, Jianlong Li, Honghai Zhang, Guiling Zhang, and Zhaohui Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8721–8736, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8721-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8721-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigated the distribution and sources of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in the lower atmosphere over the marginal seas of China. NMHCs, a subset of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), play a crucial role in atmospheric chemistry. Derived from systematic atmospheric sampling in coastal cities and marginal sea regions, this study offers valuable insights into the interaction between land and sea in shaping offshore atmospheric NMHCs.
Yusheng Zhang, Feixue Zheng, Zemin Feng, Chaofan Lian, Weigang Wang, Xiaolong Fan, Wei Ma, Zhuohui Lin, Chang Li, Gen Zhang, Chao Yan, Ying Zhang, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Federico Bianch, Tuukka Petäjä, Juha Kangasluoma, Markku Kulmala, and Yongchun Liu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8569–8587, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8569-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8569-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The nitrous acid (HONO) budget was validated during a COVID-19 lockdown event. The main conclusions are (1) HONO concentrations showed a significant decrease from 0.97 to 0.53 ppb during lockdown; (2) vehicle emissions accounted for 53 % of nighttime sources, with the heterogeneous conversion of NO2 on ground surfaces more important than aerosol; and (3) the dominant daytime source shifted from the homogenous reaction between NO and OH (51 %) to nitrate photolysis (53 %) during lockdown.
Dong Zhang, Xiao Li, Minghao Yuan, Yifei Xu, Qixiang Xu, Fangcheng Su, Shenbo Wang, and Ruiqin Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8549–8567, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8549-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8549-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The increasing concentration of O3 precursors and unfavorable meteorological conditions are key factors in the formation of O3 pollution in Zhengzhou. Vehicular exhausts (28 %), solvent usage (27 %), and industrial production (22 %) are identified as the main sources of NMVOCs. Moreover, O3 formation in Zhengzhou is found to be in an anthropogenic volatile organic compound (AVOC)-limited regime. Thus, to reduce O3 formation, a minimum AVOCs / NOx reduction ratio ≥ 3 : 1 is recommended.
Arianna Peron, Martin Graus, Marcus Striednig, Christian Lamprecht, Georg Wohlfahrt, and Thomas Karl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7063–7083, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7063-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7063-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The anthropogenic fraction of non-methane volatile organic compound (NMVOC) emissions associated with biogenic sources (e.g., terpenes) is investigated based on eddy covariance observations. The anthropogenic fraction of terpene emissions is strongly dependent on season. When analyzing volatile chemical product (VCP) emissions in urban environments, we caution that observations from short-term campaigns might over-/underestimate their significance depending on local and seasonal circumstances.
Sihang Wang, Bin Yuan, Xianjun He, Ru Cui, Xin Song, Yubin Chen, Caihong Wu, Chaomin Wang, Yibo Huangfu, Xiao-Bing Li, Boguang Wang, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7101–7121, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7101-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7101-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Emissions of reactive organic gases from industrial volatile chemical product sources are measured. There are large differences among these industrial sources. We show that oxygenated species account for significant contributions to reactive organic gas emissions, especially for industrial sources utilizing water-borne chemicals.
Qing Yang, Xiao-Bing Li, Bin Yuan, Xiaoxiao Zhang, Yibo Huangfu, Lei Yang, Xianjun He, Jipeng Qi, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6865–6882, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6865-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6865-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Online vertical gradient measurements of formic and isocyanic acids were made based on a 320 m tower in a megacity. Vertical variations and sources of the two acids were analyzed in this study. We find that formic and isocyanic acids exhibited positive vertical gradients and were mainly contributed by photochemical formations. The formation of formic and isocyanic acids was also significantly enhanced in urban regions aloft.
Junwei Song, Harald Saathoff, Feng Jiang, Linyu Gao, Hengheng Zhang, and Thomas Leisner
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6699–6717, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6699-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6699-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents concurrent online measurements of organic gas and particles (VOCs and OA) at a forested site in summer. Both VOCs and OA were largely contributed by oxygenated organic compounds. Semi-volatile oxygenated OA and organic nitrate formed from monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes contributed significantly to nighttime particle growth. The results help us to understand the causes of nighttime particle growth regularly observed in summer in central European rural forested environments.
Xin Yang, Kimberly Strong, Alison S. Criscitiello, Marta Santos-Garcia, Kristof Bognar, Xiaoyi Zhao, Pierre Fogal, Kaley A. Walker, Sara M. Morris, and Peter Effertz
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5863–5886, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5863-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5863-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study uses snow samples collected from a Canadian high Arctic site, Eureka, to demonstrate that surface snow in early spring is a net sink of atmospheric bromine and nitrogen. Surface snow bromide and nitrate are significantly correlated, indicating the oxidation of reactive nitrogen is accelerated by reactive bromine. In addition, we show evidence that snow photochemical release of reactive bromine is very weak, and its emission flux is much smaller than the deposition flux of bromide.
Rebecca M. Garland, Katye E. Altieri, Laura Dawidowski, Laura Gallardo, Aderiana Mbandi, Nestor Y. Rojas, and N'datchoh E. Touré
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5757–5764, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5757-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5757-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This opinion piece focuses on two geographical areas in the Global South where the authors are based that are underrepresented in atmospheric science. This opinion provides context on common challenges and constraints, with suggestions on how the community can address these. The focus is on the strengths of atmospheric science research in these regions. It is these strengths, we believe, that highlight the critical role of Global South researchers in the future of atmospheric science research.
Lee Tiszenkel, James Flynn, and Shan-Hu Lee
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1230, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1230, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ammonia and amines are important ingredients for aerosol formation in urban environments, but the measurements of these compounds are extremely challenging. Our observations show that urban ammonia and amines in Houston are emitted from urban sources and diurnal variations of their concentrations are governed by gas-to-particle conversion processes.
Honglei Wang, David W. Tarasick, Jane Liu, Herman G. J. Smit, Roeland Van Malderen, Lijuan Shen, and Tianliang Zhao
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1015, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1015, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we identify 23 suitable pairs of sites in the WOUDC and IAGOS datasets from 1995 to 2021, compare the average vertical distribution of tropospheric O3 shown by ozonesonde and aircraft measurements, and analyze their differences by ozonesonde type and by station-airport distance.
Akima Ringsdorf, Achim Edtbauer, Bruna Holanda, Christopher Poehlker, Marta O. Sá, Alessandro Araújo, Jürgen Kesselmeier, Jos Lelieveld, and Jonathan Williams
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1210, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1210, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We show the average height distribution of separately observed aldehydes and ketones over a day and discuss their rainforest-specific sources and sinks and their seasonal changes above the Amazon rainforest. Ketones have much longer atmospheric lifetimes than aldehydes, and thus different implications for atmospheric chemistry. However, they are commonly observed together, which we overcome by measuring with a NO+ chemical ionization mass spectrometer for the first time in the Amazon rainforest.
Heidi Hellén, Rostislav Kouznetsov, Kaisa Kraft, Jukka Seppälä, Mika Vestenius, Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen, Lauri Laakso, and Hannele Hakola
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4717–4731, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4717-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4717-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Mixing ratios of C2-C5 NMHCs and methanethiol were measured on an island in the Baltic Sea using an in situ gas chromatograph. Shipping emissions were found to be an important source of ethene, ethyne, propene, and benzene. High summertime mixing ratios of methanethiol and dependence of mixing ratios on seawater temperature and height indicated the biogenic origin to possibly be phytoplankton or macroalgae. These emissions may have a strong impact on SO2 production and new particle formation.
Matthew M. Coggon, Chelsea E. Stockwell, Lu Xu, Jeff Peischl, Jessica B. Gilman, Aaron Lamplugh, Henry J. Bowman, Kenneth Aikin, Colin Harkins, Qindan Zhu, Rebecca H. Schwantes, Jian He, Meng Li, Karl Seltzer, Brian McDonald, and Carsten Warneke
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4289–4304, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4289-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4289-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Residential and commercial cooking emits pollutants that degrade air quality. Here, ambient observations show that cooking is an important contributor to anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted in Las Vegas, NV. These emissions are not fully presented in air quality models, and more work may be needed to quantify emissions from important sources, such as commercial restaurants.
Fabien Paulot, Gabrielle Pétron, Andrew M. Crotwell, and Matteo B. Bertagni
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4217–4229, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4217-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4217-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
New data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration show that hydrogen (H2) concentrations increased from 2010 to 2019, which is consistent with the simulated increase in H2 photochemical production (mainly from methane). But this cannot be reconciled with the expected decrease (increase) in H2 anthropogenic emissions (soil deposition) in the same period. This shows gaps in our knowledge of the H2 biogeochemical cycle that must be resolved to quantify the impact of higher H2 usage.
Wenjie Wang, Bin Yuan, Hang Su, Yafang Cheng, Jipeng Qi, Sihang Wang, Wei Song, Xinming Wang, Chaoyang Xue, Chaoqun Ma, Fengxia Bao, Hongli Wang, Shengrong Lou, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4017–4027, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4017-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4017-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates the important role of unmeasured volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ozone formation. Based on results in a megacity of China, we show that unmeasured VOCs can contribute significantly to ozone fomation and also influence the determination of ozone control strategy. Our results show that these unmeasured VOCs are mainly from human sources.
Romain Salignat, Matti Rissanen, Siddharth Iyer, Jean-Luc Baray, Pierre Tulet, Jean-Marc Metzger, Jérôme Brioude, Karine Sellegri, and Clémence Rose
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3785–3812, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3785-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3785-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Using mass spectrometry data collected at the Maïdo Observatory (2160 m a.s.l., Réunion), we provide the first detailed analysis of molecular cluster chemical composition specifically in the marine free troposphere. The abundance of the identified species is related both to in situ meteorological parameters and air mass history, which also provide insight into their origin. Our work makes an important contribution to documenting the chemistry and physics of the marine free troposphere.
Xiaoyi Zhang, Wanyun Xu, Weili Lin, Gen Zhang, Jinjian Geng, Li Zhou, Huarong Zhao, Sanxue Ren, Guangsheng Zhou, Jianmin Chen, and Xiaobin Xu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-643, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-643, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ozone (O3) deposition is a key process removing surface O3, affecting air quality, ecosystem and climate change. This study conducted an O3 deposition measurement over wheat canopy using a newly relaxed eddy accumulation flux system. Large variabilities of O3 deposition were detected mainly determined by crop growth and modulated by various environmental factors. More O3 deposition observations over different surfaces are needed for exploring deposition mechanism, model optimization.
Delaney B. Kilgour, Gordon A. Novak, Megan S. Claflin, Brian M. Lerner, and Timothy H. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3729–3742, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3729-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3729-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Laboratory experiments with seawater mimics suggest ozone deposition to the surface ocean can be a source of reactive carbon to the marine atmosphere. We conduct both field and laboratory measurements to assess abiotic VOC composition and yields from ozonolysis of real surface seawater. We show that C5–C11 aldehydes contribute to the observed VOC emission flux. We estimate that VOCs generated by the ozonolysis of surface seawater are competitive with biological VOC production and emission.
Xiangdong Zheng, Wen Yang, Yuting Sun, Chunmei Geng, Yingying Liu, and Xiaobin Xu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3759–3768, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3759-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3759-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Chen et al. (2022) attributed the nocturnal ozone enhancement (NOE) during the night of 31 July 2021 in the North China Plain (NCP) to "the direct stratospheric intrusion to reach the surface". We analyzed in situ data from the NCP. Our results do not suggest that there was a significant impact from the stratosphere on surface ozone during the NOE. We argue that the NOE was not caused by stratospheric intrusion but originated from fresh photochemical production in the lower troposphere.
James M. Roberts, Siyuan Wang, Patrick R. Veres, J. Andrew Neuman, Michael A. Robinson, Ilann Bourgeois, Jeff Peischl, Thomas B. Ryerson, Chelsea R. Thompson, Hannah M. Allen, John D. Crounse, Paul O. Wennberg, Samuel R. Hall, Kirk Ullmann, Simone Meinardi, Isobel J. Simpson, and Donald Blake
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3421–3443, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3421-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3421-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We measured cyanogen bromide (BrCN) in the troposphere for the first time. BrCN is a product of the same active bromine chemistry that destroys ozone and removes mercury in polar surface environments and is a previously unrecognized sink for active Br compounds. BrCN has an apparent lifetime against heterogeneous loss in the range 1–10 d, so it serves as a cumulative marker of Br-radical chemistry. Accounting for BrCN chemistry is an important part of understanding polar Br cycling.
Noémie Taquet, Wolfgang Stremme, María Eugenia Gonzalez del Castillo, Victor Almanza, Alejandro Bezanilla, Olivier Laurent, Carlos Alberti, Frank Hase, Michel Ramonet, Thomas Lauvaux, Ke Che, and Michel Grutter
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-512, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-512, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the variability of CO and CO2 and their ratio over Mexico City from long-term time-resolved FTIR solar absorption and surface measurements. Using the average intraday CO growth rate from total columns and TROPOMI measurements, we additionally estimate the interannual variability of CO and CO2 anthropogenic emissions of the City and relate it to the main influencing events of the last decade, such as the COVID-19 lock-down.
Kai Qin, Wei Hu, Qin He, Fan Lu, and Jason Blake Cohen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3009–3028, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3009-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3009-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We compute CH4 emissions and uncertainty on a mine-by-mine basis, including underground, overground, and abandoned mines. Mine-by-mine gas and flux data and 30 min observations from a flux tower located next to a mine shaft are integrated. The observed variability and bias correction are propagated over the emissions dataset, demonstrating that daily observations may not cover the range of variability. Comparisons show both an emissions magnitude and spatial mismatch with current inventories.
Theresa Harlass, Rebecca Dischl, Stefan Kaufmann, Raphael Märkl, Daniel Sauer, Monika Scheibe, Paul Stock, Tiziana Bräuer, Andreas Dörnbrack, Anke Roiger, Hans Schlager, Ulrich Schumann, Tobias Schripp, Tobias Grein, Linda Bondorf, Charles Renard, Maxime Gauthier, Mark Johnson, Darren Luff, Paul Madden, Peter Swann, Denise Ahrens, Reetu Sallinen, and Christiane Voigt
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-454, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-454, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Emissions from aircraft have a direct impact on our climate. Here, we present airborne and ground based measurement data of nitrogen oxides which were collected in the exhaust of an Airbus aircraft. We study the impact of burning fossil and sustainable aviation fuel on nitrogen oxide emissions at different engine settings related to combustor temperature, pressure and fuel flow. Further, we compare observations with engine emission models.
Yao Yan Huang and D. James Donaldson
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2387–2398, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2387-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2387-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ground-level ozone interacts at the lake–land boundary; this is important to our understanding and modelling of atmospheric chemistry and air pollution in the lower atmosphere. We show that a steep ozone gradient occurs year-round moving inland up to 1 km from the lake and that this gradient is influenced by seasonal factors on the local land environment, where more rural areas are more greatly affected seasonally.
Katrin Müller, Jordis S. Tradowsky, Peter von der Gathen, Christoph Ritter, Sharon Patris, Justus Notholt, and Markus Rex
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2169–2193, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2169-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2169-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The Palau Atmospheric Observatory is introduced as an ideal site to detect changes in atmospheric composition and dynamics above the remote tropical western Pacific. We focus on the ozone sounding program from 2016–2021, including El Niño 2016. The year-round high convective activity is reflected in dominant low tropospheric ozone and high relative humidity. Their seasonal distributions are unique compared to other tropical sites and are modulated by the Intertropical Convergence Zone.
Ziyan Guo, Keding Lu, Pengxiang Qiu, Mingyi Xu, and Zhaobing Guo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2195–2205, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2195-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2195-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The formation of secondary sulfate needs to be further explored. In this work, we simultaneously measured sulfur and oxygen isotopic compositions to gain an increased understanding of specific sulfate formation processes. The results indicated that secondary sulfate was mainly ascribed to SO2 homogeneous oxidation by OH radicals and heterogeneous oxidation by H2O2 and Fe3+ / O2. This study is favourable for deeply investigating the sulfur cycle in the atmosphere.
Imran A. Girach, Narendra Ojha, Prabha R. Nair, Kandula V. Subrahmanyam, Neelakantan Koushik, Mohammed M. Nazeer, Nadimpally Kiran Kumar, Surendran Nair Suresh Babu, Jos Lelieveld, and Andrea Pozzer
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1979–1995, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1979-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1979-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate surface ozone variability in East Antarctica based on measurements and EMAC global model simulations during austral summer. Nearly half of the surface ozone is found to be of stratospheric origin. The east coast of Antarctica acts as a stronger sink of ozone than surrounding regions. Photochemical loss of ozone is counterbalanced by downward transport of ozone. The study highlights the intertwined role of chemistry and dynamics in governing ozone variations over East Antarctica.
Ying Zhang, Duzitian Li, Xu-Cheng He, Wei Nie, Chenjuan Deng, Runlong Cai, Yuliang Liu, Yishuo Guo, Chong Liu, Yiran Li, Liangduo Chen, Yuanyuan Li, Chenjie Hua, Tingyu Liu, Zongcheng Wang, Jiali Xie, Lei Wang, Tuukka Petäjä, Federico Bianchi, Ximeng Qi, Xuguang Chi, Pauli Paasonen, Yongchun Liu, Chao Yan, Jingkun Jiang, Aijun Ding, and Markku Kulmala
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1873–1893, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1873-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1873-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study conducts a long-term observation of gaseous iodine oxoacids in two Chinese megacities, revealing their ubiquitous presence with peak concentrations (up to 0.1 pptv) in summer. Our analysis suggests a mix of terrestrial and marine sources for iodine. Additionally, iodic acid is identified as a notable contributor to sub-3 nm particle growth and particle survival probability.
Guoxian Zhang, Renzhi Hu, Pinhua Xie, Changjin Hu, Xiaoyan Liu, Liujun Zhong, Haotian Cai, Bo Zhu, Shiyong Xia, Xiaofeng Huang, Xin Li, and Wenqing Liu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1825–1839, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1825-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1825-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Comprehensive observation of HOx radicals was conducted at a coastal site in the Pearl River Delta. Radical chemistry was influenced by different air masses in a time-dependent way. Land mass promotes a more active photochemical process, with daily averages of 7.1 × 106 and 5.2 × 108 cm−3 for OH and HO2 respectively. The rapid oxidation process was accompanied by a higher diurnal HONO concentration, which influences the ozone-sensitive system and eventually magnifies the background ozone.
Sarah Albertin, Joël Savarino, Slimane Bekki, Albane Barbero, Roberto Grilli, Quentin Fournier, Irène Ventrillard, Nicolas Caillon, and Kathy Law
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1361–1388, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1361-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1361-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study reports the first simultaneous records of oxygen (Δ17O) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopes in nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitrate (NO3−). These data are combined with atmospheric observations to explore sub-daily N reactive chemistry and quantify N fractionation effects in an Alpine winter city. The results highlight the necessity of using Δ17O and δ15N in both NO2 and NO3− to avoid biased estimations of NOx sources and fates from NO3− isotopic records in urban winter environments.
Shigeyuki Ishidoya, Kazuhiro Tsuboi, Hiroaki Kondo, Kentaro Ishijima, Nobuyuki Aoki, Hidekazu Matsueda, and Kazuyuki Saito
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1059–1077, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1059-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1059-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
A method evaluating techniques for carbon neutrality, such as carbon capture and storage (CCS), is important. This study presents a method to evaluate CO2 emissions from a cement plant based on atmospheric O2 and CO2 measurements. The method will also be useful for evaluating CO2 capture from flue gas at CCS plants, since the plants remove CO2 from the atmosphere without causing any O2 changes, just as cement plants do, differing only in the direction of CO2 exchange with the atmosphere.
Magdalena Pühl, Anke Roiger, Alina Fiehn, Alan M. Gorchov Negron, Eric A. Kort, Stefan Schwietzke, Ignacio Pisso, Amy Foulds, James Lee, James L. France, Anna E. Jones, Dave Lowry, Rebecca E. Fisher, Langwen Huang, Jacob Shaw, Prudence Bateson, Stephen Andrews, Stuart Young, Pamela Dominutti, Tom Lachlan-Cope, Alexandra Weiss, and Grant Allen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1005–1024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1005-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1005-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In April–May 2019 we carried out an airborne field campaign in the southern North Sea with the aim of studying methane emissions of offshore gas installations. We determined methane emissions from elevated methane measured downstream of the sampled installations. We compare our measured methane emissions with estimated methane emissions from national and global annual inventories. As a result, we find inconsistencies of inventories and large discrepancies between measurements and inventories.
Simone T. Andersen, Max R. McGillen, Chaoyang Xue, Tobias Seubert, Patrick Dewald, Gunther N. T. E. Türk, Jan Schuladen, Cyrielle Denjean, Jean-Claude Etienne, Olivier Garrouste, Marina Jamar, Sergio Harb, Manuela Cirtog, Vincent Michoud, Mathieu Cazaunau, Antonin Bergé, Christopher Cantrell, Sebastien Dusanter, Bénédicte Picquet-Varrault, Alexandre Kukui, Abdelwahid Mellouki, Lucy J. Carpenter, Jos Lelieveld, and John N. Crowley
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2848, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2848, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Through measurements of various trace gases in a sub-urban forest near Paris in the summer of 2022 we were able to gain insight into the sources and sinks of NOx (NO+NO2) with a special focus on their nighttime chemical/physical loss processes. NO was observed as a result of nighttime soil emissions when ozone levels were strongly depleted by deposition. NO oxidation products were not observed at night indicating that soil and/or foliar surfaces are an efficient sink of reactive nitrogen.
Georgios I. Gkatzelis, Matthew M. Coggon, Chelsea E. Stockwell, Rebecca S. Hornbrook, Hannah Allen, Eric C. Apel, Megan M. Bela, Donald R. Blake, Ilann Bourgeois, Steven S. Brown, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Jason M. St. Clair, James H. Crawford, John D. Crounse, Douglas A. Day, Joshua P. DiGangi, Glenn S. Diskin, Alan Fried, Jessica B. Gilman, Hongyu Guo, Johnathan W. Hair, Hannah S. Halliday, Thomas F. Hanisco, Reem Hannun, Alan Hills, L. Gregory Huey, Jose L. Jimenez, Joseph M. Katich, Aaron Lamplugh, Young Ro Lee, Jin Liao, Jakob Lindaas, Stuart A. McKeen, Tomas Mikoviny, Benjamin A. Nault, J. Andrew Neuman, John B. Nowak, Demetrios Pagonis, Jeff Peischl, Anne E. Perring, Felix Piel, Pamela S. Rickly, Michael A. Robinson, Andrew W. Rollins, Thomas B. Ryerson, Melinda K. Schueneman, Rebecca H. Schwantes, Joshua P. Schwarz, Kanako Sekimoto, Vanessa Selimovic, Taylor Shingler, David J. Tanner, Laura Tomsche, Krystal T. Vasquez, Patrick R. Veres, Rebecca Washenfelder, Petter Weibring, Paul O. Wennberg, Armin Wisthaler, Glenn M. Wolfe, Caroline C. Womack, Lu Xu, Katherine Ball, Robert J. Yokelson, and Carsten Warneke
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 929–956, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-929-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-929-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study reports emissions of gases and particles from wildfires. These emissions are related to chemical proxies that can be measured by satellite and incorporated into models to improve predictions of wildfire impacts on air quality and climate.
Jie Wang, Haichao Wang, Yee Jun Tham, Lili Ming, Zelong Zheng, Guizhen Fang, Cuizhi Sun, Zhenhao Ling, Jun Zhao, and Shaojia Fan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 977–992, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-977-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-977-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Many works report NO3 chemistry in inland regions while less target marine regions. We measured N2O5 and related species on a typical island and found intensive nighttime chemistry and rapid NO3 loss. NO contributed significantly to NO3 loss despite its sub-ppbv level, suggesting nocturnal NO3 reactions would be largely enhanced once free from NO emissions in the open ocean. This highlights the strong influences of urban outflow on downward marine areas in terms of nighttime chemistry.
Tanja J. Schuck, Johannes Degen, Eric Hintsa, Peter Hoor, Markus Jesswein, Timo Keber, Daniel Kunkel, Fred Moore, Florian Obersteiner, Matt Rigby, Thomas Wagenhäuser, Luke M. Western, Andreas Zahn, and Andreas Engel
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 689–705, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-689-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-689-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We study the interhemispheric gradient of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), a strong long-lived greenhouse gas. Its emissions are stronger in the Northern Hemisphere; therefore, mixing ratios in the Southern Hemisphere lag behind. Comparing the observations to a box model, the model predicts air in the Southern Hemisphere to be older. For a better agreement, the emissions used as model input need to be increased (and their spatial pattern changed), and we need to modify north–south transport.
Jérémy Gueffier, François Gheusi, Marie Lothon, Véronique Pont, Alban Philibert, Fabienne Lohou, Solène Derrien, Yannick Bezombes, Gilles Athier, Yves Meyerfeld, Antoine Vial, and Emmanuel Leclerc
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 287–316, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-287-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-287-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates the link between weather regime and atmospheric composition at a Pyrenean observatory. Five years of meteorological data were synchronized on a daily basis and then, using a clustering method, separated into six groups of observation days, with most showing marked characteristics of different weather regimes (fair and disturbed weather, winter windstorms, foehn). Statistical differences in gas and particle concentrations appeared between the groups and are discussed.
Nathaniel Brockway, Peter K. Peterson, Katja Bigge, Kristian D. Hajny, Paul B. Shepson, Kerri A. Pratt, Jose D. Fuentes, Tim Starn, Robert Kaeser, Brian H. Stirm, and William R. Simpson
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 23–40, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-23-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-23-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Bromine monoxide (BrO) strongly affects atmospheric chemistry in the springtime Arctic, yet there are still many uncertainties around its sources and recycling, particularly in the context of a rapidly changing Arctic. In this study, we observed BrO as a function of altitude above the Alaskan Arctic. We found that BrO was often most concentrated near the ground, confirming the ability of snow to produce and recycle reactive bromine, and identified four common vertical distributions of BrO.
Alina Fiehn, Maximilian Eckl, Julian Kostinek, Michał Gałkowski, Christoph Gerbig, Michael Rothe, Thomas Röckmann, Malika Menoud, Hossein Maazallahi, Martina Schmidt, Piotr Korbeń, Jarosław Neçki, Mila Stanisavljević, Justyna Swolkień, Andreas Fix, and Anke Roiger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15749–15765, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15749-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15749-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
During the CoMet mission in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB) ground-based and airborne air samples were taken and analyzed for the isotopic composition of CH4 to derive the mean signature of the USCB and source signatures of individual coal mines. Using δ2H signatures, the biogenic emissions from the USCB account for 15 %–50 % of total emissions, which is underestimated in common emission inventories. This demonstrates the importance of δ2H-CH4 observations for methane source apportionment.
Yifei Song, Chaoyang Xue, Yuanyuan Zhang, Pengfei Liu, Fengxia Bao, Xuran Li, and Yujing Mu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15733–15747, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15733-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15733-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present measurements of HONO flux and related parameters over an agricultural field during a whole growing season of summer maize. This dataset allows studies on the characteristics and influencing factors of soil HONO emissions, determination of HONO emission factors, estimation of total HONO emissions at a national scale, and the discussion on future environmental policies in terms of mitigating regional air pollution.
Cited articles
Atkinson, R.: Kinetics and mechanisms of the gas-phase reactions of the
hydroxyl radical with organic compounds under atmospheric conditions, Chem. Rev., 86,
69–201, 1986.
Avila, B. S., Mendoza, D. P., Ramírez, A., and Peñuela, G. A.:
Occurrence and Distribution of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in the
Atmosphere of the Andean City of Medellin, Colombia, Chemosphere, 307,
135648, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135648, 2021.
Azcune, G., Griffero, L., Pareja, L., Ríos, J. M.,
Galbán-Malagón, C., and Pérez-Parada, A.: Trends in the monitoring
of legacy and emerging organic pollutants in protected areas, Trends
Environ. Anal. Chem., 34, e00165, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teac.2022.e00165, 2022.
Baek, S. Y., Choi, S. D., and Chang, Y. S.: Three-year atmospheric monitoring of
organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in polar regions and
the South Pacific, Environ. Sci. Technol., 45, 4475–4482, https://doi.org/10.1021/es1042996, 2011.
Barber, J. L., Sweetman, A. J., Thomas, G. O., Braekevelt, E., Stern, G. A.,
and Jones, K. C.: Spatial and temporal variability in air concentrations of
short-chain (C10–C13) and medium-chain (C14–C17) chlorinated n-alkanes
measured in the U.K. atmosphere, Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 4407–4415, https://doi.org/10.1021/es047949w, 2005.
Bengtson-Nash, S.: Persistent organic pollutants in Antarctica: current and
future research priorities, J. Environ. Monit., 13, 497–504, https://doi.org/10.1039/C0EM00230E, 2011.
Bengtson-Nash, S. M., Wild, S. J., Hawker, D. W., Cropp, R. A., Hung, H.,
Wania, F., Xiao, H., Bohlin-Nizzetto, P., Bignert, A., and Broomhall, S.:
Persistent organic pollutants in the East Antarctic atmosphere: inter-annual
observations from 2010 to 2015 using high-flow-through passive sampling,
Environ. Sci. Technol., 51, 13929–13937, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b04224,
2017.
Bidleman, T. F., Walla, M. D., Roura, R., Carr, E., and Schmidt, S.:
Organochlorine pesticides in the atmosphere of the Southern Ocean and
Antarctica, January–March 1990, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 26, 258–262, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-326X(93)90064-Q, 1993.
Bigot, M., Muir, D. C., Hawker, D. W., Cropp, R., Dachs, J., Teixeira, C.
F., and Bengtson Nash, S.: Air–seawater exchange of organochlorine pesticides
in the Southern Ocean between Australia and Antarctica, Environ. Sci.
Technol., 50, 8001–8009, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b01970, 2016.
Blais, J. M., Macdonald, R. W., Mackay, D., Webster, E., Harvey, C., and Smol,
J. P.: Biologically mediated transport of contaminants to aquatic systems,
Environ. Sci. Technol., 41, 1075–1084, https://doi.org/10.1021/es061314a, 2007.
Borgå, K. and Di Guardo, A.: Comparing measured and predicted PCB
concentrations in Arctic seawater and marine biota, Sci. Total
Environ., 342, 281–300, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.12.043, 2005.
Bourgeon, S., Leat, E. H., Magnusdottir, E., Fisk, A. T., Furness, R. W.,
Strøm, H., and Gabrielsen, G. W.: Individual variation in biomarkers of
health: influence of persistent organic pollutants in Great skuas
(Stercorarius skua) breeding at different geographical locations, Environ. Res., 118, 31–39,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2012.08.004, 2012.
Braune, B. M., Outridge, P. M., Fisk, A. T., Muir, D. C. G., Helm, P. A.,
Hobbs, K., Hoekstra, P. F., Kuzyk, Z. A., Kwan, M., Letcher, R. J. Lockhart,
W. L., Norstrom, R. J., Stern, G. A., and Stirling, I.: Persistent organic
pollutants and mercury in marine biota of the Canadian Arctic: an overview
of spatial and temporal trends, Sci. Total Environ., 351, 4–56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.10.034, 2005.
Brown, F. R., Whitehead, T. P., Park, J. S., Metayer, C., and Petreas, M. X.:
Levels of non-polybrominated diphenyl ether brominated flame retardants in
residential house dust samples and fire station dust samples in California,
Environ. Res., 135, 9–14, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2014.08.022, 2014.
Brown, T. N. and Wania, F.: Screening chemicals for the potential to be
persistent organic pollutants: A case study of Arctic contaminants, Environ.
Sci. Technol., 42, 5202–5209, https://doi.org/10.1021/es8004514, 2008.
Cabrerizo, A., Dachs, J., Barceló, D., and Jones, K. C.: Cclimatic and
biogeochemical controls on the remobilization and reservoirs of persistent
organic pollutants in Antarctica, Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, 4299–4306,
https://doi.org/10.1021/es400471c, 2013.
Cabrerizo, A., Larramendi, R., Albar, J. P., and Dachs, J.: Persistent
organic pollutants in the atmosphere of the Antarctic Plateau, Atmos. Environ., 149, 104–108,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.11.015, 2017.
Casal, P., Casas, G., Vila-Costa, M., Cabrerizo, A., Pizarro, M., Jimenez, B., and Dachs, J.: Snow amplification of persistent organic pollutants at coastal Antarctica, Environ. Sci. Technol., 53, 8872–8882, 2019.
Casas, G., Martinez-Varela, A., Vila-Costa, M., Jiménez, B., and Dachs, J.: Rain amplification of persistent organic pollutants, Environ. Sci. Technol., 55, 12961–12972, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c03295, 2021.
Channa, K. R., Röllin, H. B., Wilson, K. S., Nøst, T. H., Odland, J.
Ø., Naik, I., and Sandanger, T. M.: Regional variation in pesticide
concentrations in plasma of delivering women residing in rural Indian Ocean
coastal regions of South Africa, J. Environ Monit., 14, 2952–2960, https://doi.org/10.1039/C2EM30264K, 2012.
Cincinelli, A., Martellini, T., Del Bubba, M., Lepri, L., Corsolini, S.,
Borghesi, N., King, M. D., and Dickhut, R. M.: Organochlorine pesticide
air–water exchange and bioconcentration in krill in the Ross Sea, Environ.
Pollut., 157, 2153–2158, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2009.02.010, 2009.
Dachs, J., Lohmann, R., Ockenden, W. A., Méjanelle, L., Eisenreich, S.
J., and Jones, K. C.: Oceanic biogeochemical controls on global dynamics of
persistent organic pollutants, Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 4229–4237,
https://doi.org/10.1021/es025724k, 2002.
De March, B. G. E., De Wit, C. A., Muir, D. C. G., Braune, B. M., Gregor, D. J., Norstrom, R. J., and Stange, K.: Persistent organic pollutants, in: AMAP assessment report: Arctic pollution issues, 183–371, Oslo, Norway, ISBN 82-7655-061-4, 1998.
Dickhut, R. M., Cincinelli, A., Cochran, M., and Ducklow, H. W.: Atmospheric
concentrations and air–water flux of organochlorine pesticides along the
Western Antarctic Peninsula, Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 465–470, https://doi.org/10.1021/es048648p, 2005.
Die, Q., Lu, A., Li, C., Li, H., Kong, H., and Li, B.: Occurrence of dioxin-like
POPs in soils from urban green space in a metropolis, North China:
implication to human exposure, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 28,
5587–5597, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10953-3, 2021.10.1007/s11356-020-10953-3,
2021.
FAO/UNEP: Polychlorinated biphenyls, in: Operation of the prior informed consent procedure for banned or severely restricted chemicals in international trade: decision guidance documents, FAO/United Nations, Rome-Geneva,
11–16, 1992.
Fisk, A. T., Hobson, K. A., and Norstrom, R. J.: Influence of chemical and
biological factors on trophic transfer of persistent organic pollutants in
the Northwater Polynya marine food web, Environ. Sci. Technol., 35, 732–738,
https://doi.org/10.1021/es001459w, 2001a.
Fisk, A. T., Stern, G. A., Hobson, K. A., Strachan, W. J., Loewen, M. D., and
Norstrom, R. J.: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in a small,
herbivorous, Arctic marine zooplankton (Calanus hyperboreus): trends from April to July and the
influence of lipids and trophic transfer, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 43, 93–101,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-326X(01)00038-8, 2001b.
Fuoco, R., Colombini, M. P., Abete, C., and Carignani, S.: Polychlorobiphenyls
in sediment, soil and sea water samples from Antarctica, Int. J. Environ.
Anal. Chem., 61, 309–318, https://doi.org/10.1080/03067319508027246, 1995.
Galbán-Malagón, C., Berrojalbiz, N., Ojeda, M. J., and Dachs, J.: The
oceanic biological pump modulates the atmospheric transport of persistent
organic pollutants to the Arctic, Nat. Commun., 3, 862, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1858, 2012.
Galbán-Malagón, C. J., Del Vento, S., Berrojalbiz, N., Ojeda, M. J., and
Dachs, J.: Polychlorinated biphenyls, hexachlorocyclohexanes and
hexachlorobenzene in seawater and phytoplankton from the Southern Ocean
(Weddell, South Scotia, and Bellingshausen Seas), Environ. Sci. Technol., 47,
5578–5587, https://doi.org/10.1021/es400030q, 2013a.
Galbán-Malagón, C., Cabrerizo, A., Caballero, G., and Dachs, J.:
Atmospheric occurrence and deposition of hexachlorobenzene and
hexachlorocyclohexanes in the Southern Ocean and Antarctic Peninsula,
Atmos. Environ., 80, 41–49, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.07.061, 2013b.
Galbán-Malagón, C. J., Del Vento, S., Cabrerizo, A., and Dachs, J.: Factors affecting the atmospheric occurrence and deposition of polychlorinated biphenyls in the Southern Ocean, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 12029–12041, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-12029-2013, 2013c.
Galbán-Malagón, C. J., Berrojalbiz, N., Gioia, R., and Dachs, J.: The
“Degradative” and “Biological” Pumps Controls on the Atmospheric
Deposition and Sequestration of Hexachlorocyclohexanes and Hexachlorobenzene
in the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans, Environ. Sci. Technol., 47,
7195–7203, https://doi.org/10.1021/es4011256, 2013d.
Galbán-Malagón, C. J., Hernán, G., Abad, E., and Dachs, J.:
Persistent organic pollutants in krill from the Bellingshausen, South
Scotia, and Weddell Seas, Sci. Total. Environ., 610–611, 1487–1495, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.108, 2018.
Gambaro, A., Manodori, L., Zangrando, R., Cincinelli, A., Capodaglio, G., and
Cescon, P.: Atmospheric PCB concentrations at Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica,
Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 9406–9411, https://doi.org/10.1021/es0510921, 2005.
Garcia-Cegarra, A. M., Jung, J. L., Orrego, R., Padilha, J. D. A., Malm, O.,
Ferreira-Braz, B., Santelli, R. E., Pozo. K., Pribylova, P., Alvarado-Rybak,
M., Azat, C., Kidd, K. A., Espejo, W., Chiang, G., and Bahamonde, P.:
Persistence, bioaccumulation and vertical transfer of pollutants in
long-finned pilot whales stranded in Chilean Patagonia, Sci. Total
Environ., 770, 145259, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145259, 2021.
Gioia, R., Lohmann, R., Dachs, J., Temme, C., Lakaschus, S., Schulz-Bull,
D., and Jones, K. C.: Polychlorinated biphenyls in air and water of the
North Atlantic and Arctic Ocean, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 113, D19302, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009750, 2008.
Gupta, R. S., Sarkar, A., and Kureishey, T. W.: PCBs and organochlorine
pesticides in krill, birds and water from Antartica, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 43, 119–126, https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0645(95)00086-0,
1996.
Hale, R. C., Kim, S. L., Harvey, E., La Guardia, M. J., Mainor, T. M., Bush,
E. O., and Jacobs, E. M.: Antarctic research bases: local sources of
polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants, Environ. Sci.
Technol., 42, 1452–1457, https://doi.org/10.1021/es702547a, 2008.
Hao, Y., Li, Y., Han, X., Wang, T., Yang, R., Wang, P., Xiao, K., Li, W.,
Lu, H., H., Fu, J., Wang, Y., Shi, J., Zhang, Q., Jiang, G.: Air monitoring
of polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers and
organochlorine pesticides in West Antarctica during 2011–2017:
Concentrations, temporal trends and potential sources, Environ.
Pollut., 249, 381–389, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2019.03.039, 2019.
Hop, H., Borgå, K., Gabrielsen, G. W., Kleivane, L., and Skaare, J. U.: Food
web magnification of persistent organic pollutants in poikilotherms and
homeotherms from the Barents Sea, Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 2589–2597,
https://doi.org/10.1021/es010231l, 2002.
Harner, T., Jantunen, L. M., Bidleman, T. F., Barrie, L. A., Kylin, H.,
Strachan, W. M., and Macdonald, R. W.: Microbial degradation is a key
elimination pathway of hexachlorocyclohexanes from the Arctic Ocean,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 1155–1158, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999GL011326, 2000.
Helm, P. A., Diamond, M. L., Semkin, R., Strachan, W. M., Teixeira, C., and
Gregor, D.: A mass balance model describing multiyear fate of organochlorine
compounds in a high Arctic Lake, Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 996–1003, https://doi.org/10.1021/es010952k, 2002.
Howard, P. H. (Ed.): Handbook of Environmental Fate and Exposure Data: For Organic Chemicals, Volume III Pesticides, 1st edn., Routledge, https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203719305, 1991.
Huang, Y., Xu, Y., Li, J., Xu, W., Zhang, G., Cheng, Z., Liu, J., Wang, Y., and
Tian, C.: Organochlorine pesticides in the atmosphere and surface water from
the equatorial Indian Ocean: enantiomeric signatures, sources, and fate,
Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, 13395–13403, https://doi.org/10.1021/es403138p, 2013.
Hung, H., Kallenborn, R., Breivik, K., Su, Y., Brorström-Lundén, E.,
Olafsdottir, K., and Fellin, P.: Atmospheric monitoring of organic
pollutants in the Arctic under the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment
Programme (AMAP): 1993–2006, Sci. Total Environ., 408, 2854–2873, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.10.044, 2010.
Hung, H., Katsoyiannis, A. A., Brorström-Lundén, E., Olafsdottir,
K., Aas, W., Breivik, K., and Wilson, S.:Temporal trends of Persistent
Organic Pollutants (POPs) in arctic air: 20 years of monitoring under the
Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP), Environ, Poll., 217, 52–61, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.079, 2016.
Hung, H., Halsall, C., Ball, H., Bidleman, T. F., Dachs, J., De Silva, A.,
Hermanson, M., Kallenborn, R., Muir, D., Suhring, R., Wang, X., and Wilson, S.: Climate change influence on the levels and trends of
persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and chemicals of emerging Arctic
concern (CEACs) in the Arctic physical environment – a review, Environ. Sci. Process. Impacts, 24, 1577–1615, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1EM00485A, 2022.
Jantunen, L. M., Kylin, H., Bidleman, T. F.: Air–water gas exchange of
α-hexachlorocyclohexane enantiomers in the South Atlantic Ocean and
Antarctica, Deep-Sea Res. Pt., 51,
2661–2672, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2004.02.002, 2004.
Jayaraj, R., Megha, P., and Sreedev, P.: Organochlorine pesticides, their toxic
effects on living organisms and their fate in the environment, Interdiscip.
Toxicol., 9, 90–100, https://doi.org/10.1515/intox-2016-0012, 2016.
Jurado, E. and Dachs, J.: Seasonality in the “grasshopping” and
atmospheric residence times of persistent organic pollutants over the
oceans, Geophy. Res. Lett., 35, L17805, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL034698, 2008.
Kallenborn, R., Breivik, K., Eckhardt, S., Lunder, C. R., Manø, S., Schlabach, M., and Stohl, A.: Long-term monitoring of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) at the Norwegian Troll station in Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 6983–6992, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-6983-2013, 2013.
Kallenborn, R., Oehme, M., Wynn-Williams, D. D., Schlabach, M., and Harris, J.:
Ambient air levels and atmospheric long-range transport of persistent
organochlorines to Signy Island, Antarctica, Sci. Total Environ., 220,
167–180, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(98)00257-5, 1998.
Kelly, T. J., Mukund, R., Spicer, C. W., and Pollack, A. J.: Concentrations and
transformations of hazardous air pollutants, Environ. Sci. Technol., 28,
378A–387A, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00057a003, 1994.
Kennish, M. J.: Practical Handbook of Estuarine and Marine Pollution, 1st edn., CRC Press, https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203742488, 2017.
Khairy, M. A., Luek, J. L., Dickhut, R., and Lohmann, R.: Levels, sources and
chemical fate of persistent organic pollutants in the atmosphere and snow
along the western Antarctic Peninsula, Environ. Pollut., 216, 304–313, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.092, 2016.
Kim, J. T., Son, M. H., Kang, J. H., Kim, J. H., Jung, J. W., and Chang, Y. S.:
Occurrence of legacy and new persistent organic pollutants in avian tissues
from King George Island, Antarctica, Environ. Sci. Technol., 49,
13628–13638, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b03181, 2015.
Klánová, J., Matykiewiczová, N., Máčka, Z., Prošek, P., Láska, K., and Klán, P.: Persistent organic pollutants in soils and sediments from James Ross Island, Antarctica, Environ. Pollut., 152, 416–423, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2007.06.026, 2008.
Kong, D., MacLeod, M., Hung, H., and Cousins, I. T.: Statistical analysis
of long-term monitoring data for persistent organic pollutants in the
atmosphere at 20 monitoring stations broadly indicates declining
concentrations, Environ. Sci. Technol., 48, 12492–12499, https://doi.org/10.1021/es502909n,
2014.
Krasnobaev, A., Ten Dam, G., Boerrigter-Eenling, R., Peng, F., van Leeuwen,
S. P., Morley, S. A., Peck, L. S., and Van Den Brink, N. W.: Legacy and emerging
persistent organic pollutants in Antarctic benthic invertebrates near
Rothera Point, Western Antarctic Peninsula, Environ. Sci. Technol., 54,
2763–2771, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b06622, 2020.
Lakaschus, S., Weber, K., Wania, F., Bruhn, R., and Schrems, O.: The
air–sea equilibrium and time trend of hexachlorocyclohexanes in the
Atlantic Ocean between the Arctic and Antarctica, Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 138–145, https://doi.org/10.1021/es010211j, 2002.
Larsson, P., Järnmark, C., and Södergren, A.: PCBs and chlorinated
pesticides in the atmosphere and aquatic organisms of Ross Island,
Antarctica,
Mar. Pollut. Bull., 25, 281–287, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-326X(92)90683-W,
1992.
Larsson, P., Andersson, A., Broman, D., Nordbäck, J., and Lundberg, E.: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in pelagic systems, AMBIO, 29, 202–209, https://doi.org/10.1579/0044-7447-29.4.202, 2000.
Li, Y., Geng, D., Hu, Y., Wang, P., Zhang, Q., and Jiang, G.: Levels and
distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls in the atmosphere close to Chinese
Great Wall Station, Antarctica: Results from XAD-resin passive air
sampling, Chinese Sci. Bull., 57, 1499–1503, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-012-5048-8, 2012a.
Li, Y., Geng, D., Liu, F., Wang, T., Wang, P., Zhang, Q., and Jiang, G.: Study
of PCBs and PBDEs in King George Island, Antarctica, using PUF passive air
sampling, Atmos. Environ., 51, 140–145, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.01.034,
2012b.
Li, Y., Lohmann, R., Zou, X., Wang, C., and Zhang, L.: Air-water exchange and
distribution pattern of organochlorine pesticides in the atmosphere and
surface water of the open Pacific Ocean, Environ. Pollut., 265, 114956, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114956, 2020.
Li, Y. F.: Global gridded technical hexachlorocyclohexane usage inventories
using a global cropland as a surrogate, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 23785–23797,
https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JD900448, 1999.
Lohmann, R., Breivik, K., Dachs, J., and Muir, D.: Global fate of POPs: current
and future research directions, Environ. Pollut., 150, 150–165, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2007.06.051, 2007.
Lohmann, R., Gioia, R., Jones, K. C., Nizzetto, L., Temme, C., Xie, Z.,
Schulz-Bull, D., Hand, I., Morgan, E., and Jantunen, L.: Organochlorine
pesticides and PAHs in the surface water and atmosphere of the North
Atlantic and Arctic Ocean, Environ. Sci. Technol., 43, 5633–5639, https://doi.org/10.1021/es901229k, 2009.
Lozoya, J. P., Rodríguez, M., Azcune, G., Lacerot, G.,
Pérez-Parada, A., Lenzi, J., Rossi, F., and de Mello, F. T.: Stranded
pellets in Fildes Peninsula (King George Island, Antarctica): New evidence
of Southern Ocean connectivity, Sci. Total Environ., 838, 155830, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155830, 2022.
Ma, J., Hung, H., Tian, C., and Kallenborn, R.: Revolatilization of persistent
organic pollutants in the Arctic induced by climate change, Nat. Clim.
Change, 1, 255–260, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1167, 2011.
Mackay, D. and Wania, F.: Transport of contaminants to the Arctic:
partitioning, processes and models, Sci. Total Environ., 160, 25–38, https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(95)04342-X, 1995.
Montone, R. C., Taniguchi, S., and Weber, R. R.: PCBs in the atmosphere of King
George Island, Antarctica, Sci. Total Environ., 308, 167–173, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(02)00649-6, 2003.
Montone, R. C., Taniguchi, S., Boian, C., and Weber, R. R.: PCBs and chlorinated
pesticides (DDTs, HCHs and HCB) in the atmosphere of the southwest Atlantic
and Antarctic oceans, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 50, 778–782, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.03.002, 2005.
Montone, R. C., Alvarez, C. E., Bícego, M. C., Braga, E. S., Brito, T.
A., Campos, L. S. ..., and Weber, R. R.: Environmental Assessment of
Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica, in: Adaptation and Evolution in Marine Environments, Volume 2, 157–175,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27349-0_9, 2013.
Mortimer, M. R. and Connell, D. W.: A model of the environmental fate of
chlorohydrocarbon contaminants associated with Sydney sewage
discharges, Chemosphere, 30, 2021–2038, https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(95)00081-I, 1995.
Nizzetto, L., Lohmann, R., Gioia, R., Dachs, J., and Jones, K. C.: Atlantic
Ocean surface waters buffer declining atmospheric concentrations of
persistent organic pollutants, Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 6978–6984, https://doi.org/10.1021/es101293v, 2010.
Pennington, D. W.: An evaluation of chemical persistence screening
approaches, Chemosphere, 44, 1589–1601, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00530-0, 2001.
Potapowicz, J., Szumińska, D., Szopińska, M., and Polkowska, Ż.: The influence of global climate change on the environmental fate of anthropogenic pollution released from the permafrost: Part I. Case study of Antarctica, Sci. Total Environ., 651, 1534–1548, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.168, 2019.
Pozo, K., Martellini, T., Corsolini, S., Harner, T., Estellano, V.,
Kukučka, P., and Cincinelli, A.: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the
atmosphere of coastal areas of the Ross Sea, Antarctica: Indications for
long-term downward trends, Chemosphere, 178, 458–465, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.02.118, 2017.
Prats, R. M., Van Drooge, B. L., Fernández, P., and Grimalt, J. O.: Field
comparison of passive polyurethane foam and active air sampling techniques
for analysis of gas-phase semi-volatile organic compounds at a remote
high-mountain site, Sci. Total Environ., 803, 149738, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149738, 2022.
Qiu, X., Zhu, T., Li, J., Pan, H., Li, Q., Miao, G., and Gong, J.:
Organochlorine pesticides in the air around the Taihu Lake, China, Environ.
Sci. Technol., 38, 1368–1374, https://doi.org/10.1021/es035052d, 2004.
R Core Team: R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria, https://www.R-project.org/, last access: 31 December 2022.
Risebrough, R. W., Rieche, P., Peakall, D. B., Herman, S. T., and Kirven,
M. N.: Polychlorinated biphenyls in the global ecosystem, Nature, 220,
1098–1102, https://doi.org/10.1038/2201098a0, 1968.
Risebrough, R. W., Walker, W., Schmidt, T. T., De Lappe, B. W., and
Connors, C. W.: Transfer of chlorinated biphenyls to Antarctica, Nature,
264, 738–739, https://doi.org/10.1038/264738a0, 1976.
Risebrough, R. W., De Lappe, B. W., and Younghans-Haug, C.: PCB and PCT
contamination in Winter Quarters Bay, Antarctica, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 21, 523–529, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-326X(90)90300-W, 1990.
Safe, S. H.: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs): environmental impact,
biochemical and toxic responses, and implications for risk assessment,
Crit. Rev. Toxicol., 24, 87–149, https://doi.org/10.3109/10408449409049308, 1994.
Sinkkonen, S. and Paasivirta, J.: Degradation half-life times of PCDDs, PCDFs
and PCBs for environmental fate modeling, Chemosphere, 40, 943–949,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00337-9, 2000.
Sladen, W. J., Menzie, C. M., and Reichel, W. L.: DDT residues in Adelie
penguins and a crabeater seal from Antarctica, Nature, 210, 670–673, https://doi.org/10.1038/210670a0, 1966.
Tanabe, S., Kawano, M., and Tatsukawa, R.: Chlorinated hydrocarbons in the
Antarctic, western Pacific and eastern Indian Oceans, Trans. Tokyo Univ. Fish, 5, 97–109, 1982.
Tanabe, S., Hidaka, H., and Tatsukawa, R.: PCBs and chlorinated hydrocarbon
pesticides in Antarctic atmosphere and hydrosphere, Chemosphere, 12, 277–288, https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(83)90171-6, 1983.
Tatton, J. G. and Ruzicka, J. H. A.: Organochlorine pesticides in
Antarctica, Nature, 215, 346–348, https://doi.org/10.1038/215346a0, 1967.
United Nations Environment Program (UNEP): Final Act of the Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, Geneva, Switzerland, 2001.
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE): Aarhus Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters, 2256 UNTS 119, 40 ILM 532, 1999.
Venier, M. and Hites, R. A.: Regression model of partial pressures of PCBs, PAHs, and organochlorine pesticides in the Great Lakes’ atmosphere, Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 618–623, https://doi.org/10.1021/es902804s, 2010.
Vergara, E., Hernández, V., Barra, R., Munkittrick, K. R.,
Galbán-Malagón, C., and Chiang, G.: Presence of Organochlorine pollutants
in fat and scats of pinnipeds from the Antarctic Peninsula and South
Shetland Islands, and their relationship to trophic position, Sci. Total
Environ., 685, 1276–1283, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.122, 2019.
Vasseghian, Y., Hosseinzadeh, S., Khataee, A., and Dragoi, E. N.: The
concentration of persistent organic pollutants in water resources: A global
systematic review, meta-analysis and probabilistic risk assessment, Sci.
Total Environ., 796, 149000, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149000, 2021.
Vaughan, D. G., Marshall, G. J., Connolley, W. M., Parkinson, C., Mulvaney, R., Hodgson, D. A., King, J. C., Pudsey, C. J., and Turner, J.: Recent rapid regional climate warming on the Antarctic Peninsula, Climatic Change, 60, 243–274, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026021217991, 2003.
Vijgen, J.: The legacy of Lindane HCH Isomer production in A global
overview of Residue management Formulation and Disposal, Internation HCH and
pesticides Association, ISBN 87-991210-1-8, http://www.ihpa.info/docs/library/reports/Lindane Main Report DEF20JAN06.pdf (last access: 10 March 2023), 2006.
Voldner, E. C. and Li, Y. F.: Global usage of selected persistent
organochlorines, Sci. Total Environ., 160, 201–210, https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(95)04357-7, 1995.
Von Waldow, H., MacLeod, M., Scheringer, M., and Hungerbühler, K.: Quantifying remoteness from emission sources of persistent organic
pollutants on a global scale, Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 2791–2796, https://doi.org/10.1021/es9030694, 2010.
Vorkamp, K., Carlsson, P., Corsolini, S., de Wit, C. A., Dietz, R., Gribble, M. O., Houde, M., Kalia, V., Letcher, R. J., Morris, A., Rigét, F. F., Routti, H., and Muir, D. C.: Influences of climate change on long-term time series of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Arctic and Antarctic biota, Environ. Sci.-Proc. Imp., 24, 1643–1660, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2EM00134A, 2022.
Wang, P., Zhang, Q., Li, Y., Zhu, Ch., Chen, Z., Zheng, S., Sun, H., Liang, L., and Jiang, G.: Occurrence of chiral organochlorine compounds in the environmental
matrices from King George Island and Ardley Island, west Antarctica,
Scientific Reports, 5, 1–9, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep13913, 2015.
Wang, P., Li, Y., Zhang, Q., Yang, Q., Zhang, L., Liu, F., Fu, J., Meng, W.,
Wang, d., Sun, H., Zheng, S., Hao, Y., Liang, Y., and Jiang, G.: Three-year
monitoring of atmospheric PCBs and PBDEs at the Chinese Great Wall Station,
West Antarctica: levels, chiral signature, environmental behaviors and
source implication, Atmos. Environ., 150, 407–416, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.11.036, 2017.
Wang, P., Meng, W., Li, Y., Zhang, Q., Zhang, L., Fu, J., Yang, R., and Jiang, G.: Temporal variation (2011–2014) of atmospheric OCPs at King George
Island, west Antarctica, Atmos. Environ., 191, 432–439, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.08.036, 2018.
Wania, F. and Mackay, D.: Peer reviewed: tracking the distribution of
persistent organic pollutants, Environ. Sci. Technol., 30, 390A–396A,
https://doi.org/10.1021/es962399q, 1996.
Wasley, J., Robinson, S. A., Lovelock, C. E., and Popp, M.: Climate change
manipulations show Antarctic flora is more strongly affected by elevated
nutrients than water, Glob. Change Biol., 12, 1800–1812, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01209.x, 2006.
Weber, K. and Goerke, H.: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Antarctic
fish: levels, patterns, changes, Chemosphere, 53, 667–678, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00551-4, 2003.
Wild, S., Eulaers, I., Covaci, A., Bossi, R., Hawker, D., Cropp, R., Southwell, C., Emmerson, L., Lepoint, G., Eisenmann, P., and Bengtson-Nash, S.: South polar skua (Catharacta maccormicki) as biovectors
for long-range transport of persistent organic pollutants to Antarctica,
Environ. Pollut., 292, 118358, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118358, 2022.
Wong, F., Hung, H., Dryfhout-Clark, H., Aas, W., Bohlin-Nizzetto, P., Breivik, K., Nerentorp Mastromonaco, M., Brorström Lundén, E., Ólafsdóttir, K., Sigurðsson, Á., Vorkamp, K., Bossi, R., Skov, H., Hakola, H., Barresi, E., Sverko, E., Fellin, P., Li, H., Vlasenko, A., Zapevalov, M., Samsonov, D., and Wilson, S.: Time trends of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and Chemicals of Emerging Arctic Concern (CEAC) in Arctic air from 25 years of monitoring, Sci. Total Environ., 775, 145109, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145109, 2021.
Wu, X., Lam, J. C., Xia, C., Kang, H., Sun, L., Xie, Z., and Lam, P. K.:
Atmospheric HCH concentrations over the marine boundary layer from Shanghai,
China to the Arctic Ocean: Role of human activity and climate change,
Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 8422–8428, https://doi.org/10.1021/es102127h, 2010.
Wu, X., Lam, J. C., Xia, C., Kang, H., Xie, Z., and Lam, P. K.:
Atmospheric concentrations of DDTs and chlordanes measured from Shanghai,
China to the Arctic Ocean during the Third China Arctic Research Expedition
in 2008, Atmos. Environ., 45, 3750–3757, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.04.012, 2011.
Wu, X., Chen, A., Yuan, Z., Kang, H., and Xie, Z.: Atmospheric organochlorine
pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the Antarctic
marginal seas: Distribution, sources and transportation, Chemosphere, 258,
127359, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127359, 2020.
Xie, J., Tao, L., Wu, Q., Bian, Z., Wang, M., Li, Y., Zhu. G., and Lin, T.:
Bioaccumulation of organochlorine pesticides in Antarctic krill (Euphausia
superba): Profile, influencing factors, and mechanisms, J. Hazard.
Mater., 426, 128115, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.128115, 2022.
Xie, Z., Koch, B. P., Möller, A., Sturm, R., and Ebinghaus, R.: Transport and fate of hexachlorocyclohexanes in the oceanic air and surface seawater, Biogeosciences, 8, 2621–2633, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-2621-2011, 2011.
Zhang, L., Bidleman, T., Perry, M. J., and Lohmann, R.: Fate of chiral and
achiral organochlorine pesticides in the North Atlantic bloom experiment,
Environ. Sci. Technol., 46, 8106–8114, https://doi.org/10.1021/es3009248.
Vecchiato, M., Argiriadis, E., Zambon, S., Barbante, C.,
Toscano, G., Gambaro, A., and Piazza, R.: Persistent Organic Pollutants
(POPs) in Antarctica: Occurrence in continental and coastal surface snow,
Microchem. J., 119, 75–82, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2014.10.010, 2015.
Short summary
In the last 40 years, different research groups have reported on the atmospheric concentrations of persistent organic pollutants in Antarctica. In the present work, we make a compilation to understand the historical trends and estimate the atmospheric half-life of each compound. Of the compounds studied, HCB was the only one that showed no clear trend, while the rest of the studied compounds showed a significant decrease over time. This is consistent with results for polar and sub-polar zones.
In the last 40 years, different research groups have reported on the atmospheric concentrations...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint