Articles | Volume 22, issue 14
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9461-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9461-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
22 Jul 2022
Research article |
| 22 Jul 2022
| 22 Jul 2022
Iron (Fe) speciation in size-fractionated aerosol particles in the Pacific Ocean: The role of organic complexation of Fe with humic-like substances in controlling Fe solubility
Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for
Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
Minako Kurisu
Research Institute for Global Change, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth
Science and Technology, 2-15, Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061,
Japan
now at: Research Institute for Marine Resources Utilization, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15, Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan
Yasuo Takeichi
Institute of Materials Structure Science, High-Energy Accelerator
Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
Aya Sakaguchi
Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1
Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
Hiroshi Tanimoto
Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for
Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
Yusuke Tamenori
Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute/SPring-8, 1-1-1 Kouto,
Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
Atsushi Matsuki
Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University,
Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
Yoshio Takahashi
Institute of Materials Structure Science, High-Energy Accelerator
Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo,
Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
Related authors
Kohei Sakata, Shotaro Takano, Atsushi Matsuki, Yasuo Takeichi, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Aya Sakaguchi, Minako Kurisu, and Yoshio Takahashi
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-161, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-161, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Deposition of aerosol iron (Fe) into the ocean stimulates primary production and influences the global carbon cycle, although the factors governing the aerosol Fe solubility remain uncertain. Our observations in Japan revealed that both mineral dust and anthropogenic aerosols are significant sources of dissolved Fe, and that atmospheric chemical weathering enhances their solubility. This finding is expected to play a crucial role in estimating the supply of dissolved iron to the ocean.
Kohei Sakata, Aya Sakaguchi, Yoshiaki Yamakawa, Chihiro Miyamoto, Minako Kurisu, and Yoshio Takahashi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9815–9836, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9815-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9815-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Anthropogenic iron is the dominant source of dissolved Fe in aerosol particles, but its contribution to dissolved Fe in aerosol particles has not been quantitatively evaluated. We established the molar concentration ratio of dissolved Fe to dissolved Al as a new indicator to evaluate the contribution of anthropogenic iron. As a result, about 10 % of dissolved Fe in aerosol particles was derived from anthropogenic iron when aerosol particles were transported from East Asia to the Pacific Ocean.
Minako Kurisu, Kohei Sakata, Mitsuo Uematsu, Akinori Ito, and Yoshio Takahashi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16027–16050, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16027-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16027-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol iron (Fe) input can enhance oceanic primary production. We analyzed Fe isotope ratios of size-fractionated aerosols over the northwestern Pacific to evaluate the contribution of natural and combustion Fe. It was found that combustion Fe was an important soluble Fe source in marine aerosols and possibly in surface seawater when air masses were from East Asia. This study shows the applicability of Fe isotope ratios for a more quantitative understanding of the Fe cycle in the surface ocean.
Johannes Heuser, Claudia Di Biagio, Jérôme Yon, Mathieu Cazaunau, Antonin Bergé, Edouard Pangui, Marco Zanatta, Laura Renzi, Angela Marinoni, Satoshi Inomata, Chenjie Yu, Vera Bernardoni, Servanne Chevaillier, Daniel Ferry, Paolo Laj, Michel Maillé, Dario Massabò, Federico Mazzei, Gael Noyalet, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Brice Temime-Roussel, Roberta Vecchi, Virginia Vernocchi, Paola Formenti, Bénédicte Picquet-Varrault, and Jean-François Doussin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 6407–6428, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6407-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6407-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The spectral optical properties of combustion soot aerosols with varying black (BC) and brown carbon (BrC) content were studied in an atmospheric simulation chamber. Measurements of the mass spectral absorption cross section (MAC), supplemented by literature data, allowed us to establish a generalised exponential relationship between the spectral absorption and the elemental-to-total-carbon ratio (EC / TC) in soot. This relationship can provide a useful tool for modelling the properties of soot.
Kohei Sakata, Shotaro Takano, Atsushi Matsuki, Yasuo Takeichi, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Aya Sakaguchi, Minako Kurisu, and Yoshio Takahashi
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-161, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-161, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Deposition of aerosol iron (Fe) into the ocean stimulates primary production and influences the global carbon cycle, although the factors governing the aerosol Fe solubility remain uncertain. Our observations in Japan revealed that both mineral dust and anthropogenic aerosols are significant sources of dissolved Fe, and that atmospheric chemical weathering enhances their solubility. This finding is expected to play a crucial role in estimating the supply of dissolved iron to the ocean.
Sachiko Okamoto, Juan Cuesta, Gaëlle Dufour, Maxmim Eremenko, Kazuyuki Miyazaki, Cathy Boonne, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Jeff Peischl, and Chelsea Thompson
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3758, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3758, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We analyse the distribution of tropospheric ozone over the South and Tropical Atlantic during February 2017 using a multispectral satellite approach called IASI+GOME2, three chemistry reanalysis products and in situ airborne measurements. It reveals that a significant overestimation of three chemistry reanalysis products of lowermost troposphere ozone over the Atlantic in the Northern Hemisphere due to the overestimations of ozone precursors from anthropogenic sources from North America.
Yosuke Niwa, Yasunori Tohjima, Yukio Terao, Tazu Saeki, Akihiko Ito, Taku Umezawa, Kyohei Yamada, Motoki Sasakawa, Toshinobu Machida, Shin-Ichiro Nakaoka, Hideki Nara, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Hitoshi Mukai, Yukio Yoshida, Shinji Morimoto, Shinya Takatsuji, Kazuhiro Tsuboi, Yousuke Sawa, Hidekazu Matsueda, Kentaro Ishijima, Ryo Fujita, Daisuke Goto, Xin Lan, Kenneth Schuldt, Michal Heliasz, Tobias Biermann, Lukasz Chmura, Jarsolaw Necki, and Irène Xueref-Remy
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2457, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2457, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study estimated regional and sectoral emission contributions to the unprecedented surge of atmospheric methane for 2020–2022. The methane is the second most important greenhouse gas and its emissions reduction is urgently required to mitigate the global warming. Numerical modeling-based estimates with three different sets of atmospheric observations consistently suggested large contributions of biogenic emissions from South Asia and Southeast Asia to the surge of atmospheric methane.
Yange Deng, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Kohei Ikeda, Sohiko Kameyama, Sachiko Okamoto, Jinyoung Jung, Young Jun Yoon, Eun Jin Yang, and Sung-Ho Kang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6339–6357, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6339-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6339-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Black carbon (BC) aerosols play important roles in Arctic climate change, yet they are not well understood because of limited observational data. We observed BC mass concentrations (mBC) in the western Arctic Ocean during summer and early autumn 2016–2020. The mean mBC in 2019 was much higher than in other years. Biomass burning was likely the dominant BC source. Boreal fire BC transport occurring near the surface and/or in the mid-troposphere contributed to high-BC events in the Arctic Ocean.
Astrid Müller, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Takafumi Sugita, Prabir K. Patra, Shin-ichiro Nakaoka, Toshinobu Machida, Isamu Morino, André Butz, and Kei Shiomi
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 1297–1316, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1297-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-1297-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Satellite CH4 observations with high accuracy are needed to understand changes in atmospheric CH4 concentrations. But over oceans, reference data are limited. We combine various ship and aircraft observations with the help of atmospheric chemistry models to derive observation-based column-averaged mixing ratios of CH4 (obs. XCH4). We discuss three different approaches and demonstrate the applicability of the new reference dataset for carbon cycle studies and satellite evaluation.
Kohei Sakata, Aya Sakaguchi, Yoshiaki Yamakawa, Chihiro Miyamoto, Minako Kurisu, and Yoshio Takahashi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9815–9836, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9815-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9815-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Anthropogenic iron is the dominant source of dissolved Fe in aerosol particles, but its contribution to dissolved Fe in aerosol particles has not been quantitatively evaluated. We established the molar concentration ratio of dissolved Fe to dissolved Al as a new indicator to evaluate the contribution of anthropogenic iron. As a result, about 10 % of dissolved Fe in aerosol particles was derived from anthropogenic iron when aerosol particles were transported from East Asia to the Pacific Ocean.
Adedayo R. Adedeji, Stephen J. Andrews, Matthew J. Rowlinson, Mathew J. Evans, Alastair C. Lewis, Shigeru Hashimoto, Hitoshi Mukai, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Yasunori Tohjima, and Takuya Saito
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9229–9244, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9229-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9229-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We use the GEOS-Chem model to interpret observations of CO, C2H6, C3H8, NOx, NOy and O3 made from Hateruma Island in 2018. The model captures many synoptic-scale events and the seasonality of most pollutants at the site but underestimates C2H6 and C3H8 during the winter. These underestimates are unlikely to be reconciled by increases in biomass burning emissions but could be reconciled by increasing the Asian anthropogenic source of C2H6 and C3H8 by factors of around 2 and 3, respectively.
Sachiko Okamoto, Juan Cuesta, Matthias Beekmann, Gaëlle Dufour, Maxim Eremenko, Kazuyuki Miyazaki, Cathy Boonne, Hiroshi Tanimoto, and Hajime Akimoto
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7399–7423, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7399-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7399-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present a detailed analysis of the daily evolution of the lowermost tropospheric ozone documented by IASI+GOME2 multispectral satellite observations and that of its precursors from TCR-2 tropospheric chemistry reanalysis. It reveals that the ozone outbreak across Europe in July 2017 was produced during favorable condition for photochemical production of ozone and was associated with multiple sources of ozone precursors: biogenic, anthropogenic, and biomass burning emissions.
Hao Xu, Urumu Tsunogai, Fumiko Nakagawa, Keiichi Sato, and Hiroshi Tanimoto
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-1099, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-1099, 2022
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
Using triple oxygen isotopic composition (Δ17O) of ozone as a new tracer, we estimated the absolute concentrations of stratospheric ozone supplied through stratosphere-troposphere transport in the troposphere. We observed the diurnal variations in the Δ17O of ozone, which could have affected studies (field measurements, atmospheric modeling) using Δ17O to constrain atmospheric chemical paths. Our study provides an important basis for a better understanding of ozone behavior in the troposphere.
Carlos Alberti, Frank Hase, Matthias Frey, Darko Dubravica, Thomas Blumenstock, Angelika Dehn, Paolo Castracane, Gregor Surawicz, Roland Harig, Bianca C. Baier, Caroline Bès, Jianrong Bi, Hartmut Boesch, André Butz, Zhaonan Cai, Jia Chen, Sean M. Crowell, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Dragos Ene, Jonathan E. Franklin, Omaira García, David Griffith, Bruno Grouiez, Michel Grutter, Abdelhamid Hamdouni, Sander Houweling, Neil Humpage, Nicole Jacobs, Sujong Jeong, Lilian Joly, Nicholas B. Jones, Denis Jouglet, Rigel Kivi, Ralph Kleinschek, Morgan Lopez, Diogo J. Medeiros, Isamu Morino, Nasrin Mostafavipak, Astrid Müller, Hirofumi Ohyama, Paul I. Palmer, Mahesh Pathakoti, David F. Pollard, Uwe Raffalski, Michel Ramonet, Robbie Ramsay, Mahesh Kumar Sha, Kei Shiomi, William Simpson, Wolfgang Stremme, Youwen Sun, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Yao Té, Gizaw Mengistu Tsidu, Voltaire A. Velazco, Felix Vogel, Masataka Watanabe, Chong Wei, Debra Wunch, Marcia Yamasoe, Lu Zhang, and Johannes Orphal
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 2433–2463, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-2433-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-2433-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Space-borne greenhouse gas missions require ground-based validation networks capable of providing fiducial reference measurements. Here, considerable refinements of the calibration procedures for the COllaborative Carbon Column Observing Network (COCCON) are presented. Laboratory and solar side-by-side procedures for the characterization of the spectrometers have been refined and extended. Revised calibration factors for XCO2, XCO and XCH4 are provided, incorporating 47 new spectrometers.
Sonya L. Fiddes, Matthew T. Woodhouse, Steve Utembe, Robyn Schofield, Simon P. Alexander, Joel Alroe, Scott D. Chambers, Zhenyi Chen, Luke Cravigan, Erin Dunne, Ruhi S. Humphries, Graham Johnson, Melita D. Keywood, Todd P. Lane, Branka Miljevic, Yuko Omori, Alain Protat, Zoran Ristovski, Paul Selleck, Hilton B. Swan, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Jason P. Ward, and Alastair G. Williams
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 2419–2445, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-2419-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-2419-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Coral reefs have been found to produce the climatically relevant chemical compound dimethyl sulfide (DMS). It has been suggested that corals can modify their environment via the production of DMS. We use an atmospheric chemistry model to test this theory at a regional scale for the first time. We find that it is unlikely that coral-reef-derived DMS has an influence over local climate, in part due to the proximity to terrestrial and anthropogenic aerosol sources.
Minako Kurisu, Kohei Sakata, Mitsuo Uematsu, Akinori Ito, and Yoshio Takahashi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16027–16050, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16027-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16027-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol iron (Fe) input can enhance oceanic primary production. We analyzed Fe isotope ratios of size-fractionated aerosols over the northwestern Pacific to evaluate the contribution of natural and combustion Fe. It was found that combustion Fe was an important soluble Fe source in marine aerosols and possibly in surface seawater when air masses were from East Asia. This study shows the applicability of Fe isotope ratios for a more quantitative understanding of the Fe cycle in the surface ocean.
Yosuke Niwa, Yousuke Sawa, Hideki Nara, Toshinobu Machida, Hidekazu Matsueda, Taku Umezawa, Akihiko Ito, Shin-Ichiro Nakaoka, Hiroshi Tanimoto, and Yasunori Tohjima
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 9455–9473, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9455-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9455-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Fires in Equatorial Asia release a large amount of carbon into the atmosphere. Extensively using high-precision atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) data from a commercial aircraft observation project, we estimated fire carbon emissions in Equatorial Asia induced by the big El Niño event in 2015. Additional shipboard measurement data elucidated the validity of the analysis and the best estimate indicated 273 Tg C for fire emissions during September–October 2015.
Astrid Müller, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Takafumi Sugita, Toshinobu Machida, Shin-ichiro Nakaoka, Prabir K. Patra, Joshua Laughner, and David Crisp
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 8255–8271, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8255-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8255-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Over oceans, high uncertainties in satellite CO2 retrievals exist due to limited reference data. We combine commercial ship and aircraft observations and, with the aid of model calculations, obtain column-averaged mixing ratios of CO2 (XCO2) data over the Pacific Ocean. This new dataset has great potential as a robust reference for XCO2 measured from space and can help to better understand changes in the carbon cycle in response to climate change using satellite observations.
Yange Deng, Satoshi Inomata, Kei Sato, Sathiyamurthi Ramasamy, Yu Morino, Shinichi Enami, and Hiroshi Tanimoto
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 5983–6003, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5983-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5983-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The temperature and acidity dependence of yields and chemical compositions of the α-pinene ozonolysis SOA were systematically investigated using a newly developed compact chamber system. Increases in SOA yields were observed with the decrease in temperature and under acidic seed conditions. The differences in chemical compositions between acidic and neutral seed conditions were characterized and explained from the viewpoints of acid-catalyzed reactions. Some organosulfates were newly detected.
Yongjoo Choi, Yugo Kanaya, Masayuki Takigawa, Chunmao Zhu, Seung-Myung Park, Atsushi Matsuki, Yasuhiro Sadanaga, Sang-Woo Kim, Xiaole Pan, and Ignacio Pisso
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 13655–13670, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-13655-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-13655-2020, 2020
Chunmao Zhu, Yugo Kanaya, Masayuki Takigawa, Kohei Ikeda, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Fumikazu Taketani, Takuma Miyakawa, Hideki Kobayashi, and Ignacio Pisso
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 1641–1656, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1641-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1641-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Black carbon is believed to be one of the causes of the rapid warming and glacier melting in the Arctic. The results of our study show that processes associated with the petroleum industry, such as gas flaring in Russia, are the main BC source at the Arctic surface. Emissions in East Asia are the main BC sources at high altitudes in the Arctic. Wildfires in Siberia, Alaska, and Canada are another important Arctic BC source in summer.
Yongjoo Choi, Yugo Kanaya, Seung-Myung Park, Atsushi Matsuki, Yasuhiro Sadanaga, Sang-Woo Kim, Itsushi Uno, Xiaole Pan, Meehye Lee, Hyunjae Kim, and Dong Hee Jung
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 83–98, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-83-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-83-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The relationship between black carbon (BC) and carbon monoxide (CO) can differ by the different structure of fuel consumption. By investigating the representativeness of the BC and CO emission inventory for real-world comparison with reliable observations, this study suggested that accurate CO emissions should be preferentially investigated to enhance the accuracy of the BC emission rate over East Asia.
Kei Sato, Yuji Fujitani, Satoshi Inomata, Yu Morino, Kiyoshi Tanabe, Toshihide Hikida, Akio Shimono, Akinori Takami, Akihiro Fushimi, Yoshinori Kondo, Takashi Imamura, Hiroshi Tanimoto, and Seiji Sugata
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 14901–14915, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14901-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14901-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The volatility distributions of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formed from the photooxidation of 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene were investigated by composition, heating, and dilution measurements. Fresh SOA, formed from 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, included low-volatility compounds with < 1 μg m–3 saturation concentrations, which are not assumed to exist in fresh SOA particles in the standard volatility basis-set approach. Improvements in the organic aerosol model will be necessary.
Kei Sato, Yuji Fujitani, Satoshi Inomata, Yu Morino, Kiyoshi Tanabe, Sathiyamurthi Ramasamy, Toshihide Hikida, Akio Shimono, Akinori Takami, Akihiro Fushimi, Yoshinori Kondo, Takashi Imamura, Hiroshi Tanimoto, and Seiji Sugata
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 5455–5466, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5455-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5455-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The volatility distribution of α-pinene secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) was evaluated with a wide range of techniques, including offline chemical analysis and dilution- and heat-induced evaporation. Compounds less volatile than semi-volatile products, i.e., highly oxygenated molecules and dimers, were identified as products, and the SOA evaporation with equilibration timescales of 24–46 min after dilution were observed.
Julia Schmale, Silvia Henning, Stefano Decesari, Bas Henzing, Helmi Keskinen, Karine Sellegri, Jurgita Ovadnevaite, Mira L. Pöhlker, Joel Brito, Aikaterini Bougiatioti, Adam Kristensson, Nikos Kalivitis, Iasonas Stavroulas, Samara Carbone, Anne Jefferson, Minsu Park, Patrick Schlag, Yoko Iwamoto, Pasi Aalto, Mikko Äijälä, Nicolas Bukowiecki, Mikael Ehn, Göran Frank, Roman Fröhlich, Arnoud Frumau, Erik Herrmann, Hartmut Herrmann, Rupert Holzinger, Gerard Kos, Markku Kulmala, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, Athanasios Nenes, Colin O'Dowd, Tuukka Petäjä, David Picard, Christopher Pöhlker, Ulrich Pöschl, Laurent Poulain, André Stephan Henry Prévôt, Erik Swietlicki, Meinrat O. Andreae, Paulo Artaxo, Alfred Wiedensohler, John Ogren, Atsushi Matsuki, Seong Soo Yum, Frank Stratmann, Urs Baltensperger, and Martin Gysel
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 2853–2881, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-2853-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-2853-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Collocated long-term observations of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) number concentrations, particle number size distributions and chemical composition from 12 sites are synthesized. Observations cover coastal environments, the Arctic, the Mediterranean, the boreal and rain forest, high alpine and continental background sites, and Monsoon-influenced areas. We interpret regional and seasonal variability. CCN concentrations are predicted with the κ–Köhler model and compared to the measurements.
Ayumi Iwata and Atsushi Matsuki
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 1785–1804, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-1785-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-1785-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
This study directly characterized the morphology, composition, and mixing states of individual ice residue particles by using an individual particle freezing method. We show that clay mineral particles are more important ice nuclei sampled during an Asian dust event and that the internal mixing of particles during long-range transport has a complex effects on the particles' ice nucleating activity.
Xiaole Pan, Yugo Kanaya, Fumikazu Taketani, Takuma Miyakawa, Satoshi Inomata, Yuichi Komazaki, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Zhe Wang, Itsushi Uno, and Zifa Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 13001–13016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-13001-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-13001-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Characteristics of refractory black carbon (rBC) from open biomass burning (OBB) have a great impact on regional pollution and climate, in particular in East Asia. However, experimental study on characteristics of rBC from agricultural residue burning in East China was limited. This study performed laboratory experiments: we found that emission of rBC is highly related to flaming burning, and non-rBC to smoldering burning. Rapid condensation of semi-volatile organics resulted in coated rBC.
Kohei Ikeda, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Takafumi Sugita, Hideharu Akiyoshi, Yugo Kanaya, Chunmao Zhu, and Fumikazu Taketani
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 10515–10533, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10515-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10515-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Black carbon (BC), also known as soot particles, plays a key role in Arctic warming; hence, an understanding of the major source regions and types is important for its mitigation. We found that Russia was the dominant contributor to Arctic BC at the surface level, while the East Asian contribution was the largest in the middle troposphere and the burden over the Arctic, suggesting that BC emission reduction from Russia and East Asia can help mitigate warming in the Arctic.
Simone Tilmes, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Louisa K. Emmons, Doug E. Kinnison, Dan Marsh, Rolando R. Garcia, Anne K. Smith, Ryan R. Neely, Andrew Conley, Francis Vitt, Maria Val Martin, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Isobel Simpson, Don R. Blake, and Nicola Blake
Geosci. Model Dev., 9, 1853–1890, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-1853-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-1853-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The state of the art Community Earth System Model, CESM1 CAM4-chem has been used to perform reference and sensitivity simulations as part of the Chemistry Climate Model Initiative (CCMI). Specifics of the model and details regarding the setup of the simulations are described. In additions, the main behavior of the model, including selected chemical species have been evaluated with climatological datasets. This paper is therefore a references for studies that use the provided model results.
Sayako Ueda, Tomoki Nakayama, Fumikazu Taketani, Kouji Adachi, Atsushi Matsuki, Yoko Iwamoto, Yasuhiro Sadanaga, and Yutaka Matsumi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 2525–2541, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-2525-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-2525-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Detailed understandings of the light absorption property of black carbon (BC) particles and its relation to the mixing state and morphology are important. In this study, the enhancement of light absorption of BC due to coating (lensing effect) in a well-aged air mass was observed at an East Asian outflow site in Japan using a photoacoustic spectrometer, and its relation with mixing state and morphology of individual particles was examined based on transmission electron microscope analyses.
X. Pan, Y. Kanaya, H. Tanimoto, S. Inomata, Z. Wang, S. Kudo, and I. Uno
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 6101–6111, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-6101-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-6101-2015, 2015
T. Yoshimura, Y. Tamenori, H. Kawahata, and A. Suzuki
Biogeosciences, 11, 3881–3886, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-3881-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-3881-2014, 2014
Y. Tohjima, M. Kubo, C. Minejima, H. Mukai, H. Tanimoto, A. Ganshin, S. Maksyutov, K. Katsumata, T. Machida, and K. Kita
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 1663–1677, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-1663-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-1663-2014, 2014
Y. Kanaya, H. Akimoto, Z.-F. Wang, P. Pochanart, K. Kawamura, Y. Liu, J. Li, Y. Komazaki, H. Irie, X.-L. Pan, F. Taketani, K. Yamaji, H. Tanimoto, S. Inomata, S. Kato, J. Suthawaree, K. Okuzawa, G. Wang, S. G. Aggarwal, P. Q. Fu, T. Wang, J. Gao, Y. Wang, and G. Zhuang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 8265–8283, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-8265-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-8265-2013, 2013
Y. Takahashi, T. Furukawa, Y. Kanai, M. Uematsu, G. Zheng, and M. A. Marcus
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 7695–7710, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-7695-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-7695-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Aerosols | Research Activity: Field Measurements | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
Direct measurement of N2O5 heterogeneous uptake coefficients on atmospheric aerosols in southwestern China and evaluation of current parameterizations
Measurement report: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in particulate matter (PM10) from activated sludge aeration
African dust transported to Barbados in the wintertime lacks indicators of chemical aging
A 60-year atmospheric nitrate isotope record from a southeastern Greenland ice core with minimal postdepositional alteration
Measurement report: Characterization of aerosol hygroscopicity over Southeast Asia during the NASA CAMP2Ex campaign
Molecular characterization of organic aerosols in urban and forested areas of Paris using high-resolution mass spectrometry
Measurement report: Wintertime aerosol characterization at an urban traffic site in Helsinki, Finland
Source apportionment and ecotoxicity of PM2.5 pollution events in a major Southern Hemisphere megacity: influence of a biofuel-impacted fleet and biomass burning
Marine organic aerosol at Mace Head: effects from phytoplankton and source region variability
Measurement report: Sources and meteorology influencing highly time-resolved PM2.5 trace elements at three urban sites in the extremely polluted Indo-Gangetic Plain in India
Formation of highly absorptive secondary brown carbon through nighttime multiphase chemistry of biomass burning emissions
Measurement report: Vertically resolved atmospheric properties observed over the Southern Great Plains with the ArcticShark uncrewed aerial system
Technical note: Towards a stronger observational support for haze pollution control by interpreting carbonaceous aerosol results derived from different measurement approaches
Non-biogenic sources are an important but overlooked contributor to aerosol isoprene-derived organosulfates during winter in northern China
Unveiling single-particle composition, size, shape, and mixing state of freshly emitted Icelandic dust via electron microscopy analysis
The critical role of aqueous-phase processes in aromatic-derived nitrogen-containing organic aerosol formation in cities with different energy consumption patterns
Characterization of atmospheric water-soluble brown carbon in the Athabasca oil sands region, Canada
Sensitivity of aerosol and cloud properties to coupling strength of marine boundary layer clouds over the northwest Atlantic
Measurement Report: Molecular composition, sources, and evolution of atmospheric organic aerosols in a basin city in China
Burning conditions and transportation pathways determine biomass-burning aerosol properties in the Ascension Island marine boundary layer
Observations of high-time-resolution and size-resolved aerosol chemical composition and microphysics in the central Arctic: implications for climate-relevant particle properties
Measurement report: Brown carbon aerosol in rural Germany – sources, chemistry, and diurnal variations
Particle flux-gradient relationships in the high Arctic: Emission and deposition patterns across three surface types
Climatology of aerosol pH and its controlling factors at the Melpitz continental background site in central Europe
Measurement Report: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their alkylated (RPAHs), nitrated (NPAHs) and oxygenated (OPAHs) derivatives in the global marine atmosphere: occurrence, spatial variations, and source apportionment
Multiple eco-regions contribute to the seasonal cycle of Antarctic aerosol size distributions
Seasonal investigation of ultrafine-particle organic composition in an eastern Amazonian rainforest
Characterizing lead-rich particles in Beijing's atmosphere following coal-to-gas conversion: Insights from single particle aerosol mass spectrometry
Contrasting solubility and speciation of metal ions in total suspended particulate matter and fog from the coast of Namibia
Significant secondary formation of nitrogenous organic aerosols in an urban atmosphere revealed by bihourly measurements of bulk organic nitrogen and comprehensive molecular markers
High-resolution analyses of concentrations and sizes of refractory black carbon particles deposited in northwestern Greenland over the past 350 years – Part 2: Seasonal and temporal trends in refractory black carbon originated from fossil fuel combustion and biomass burning
Significant role of biomass burning in heavy haze formation in Nanjing, a megacity in China: molecular-level insights from intensive PM2.5 sampling on winter hazy days
Widespread trace bromine and iodine in remote tropospheric non-sea-salt aerosols
Significant contributions of biomass burning to PM2.5-bound aromatic compounds: insights from field observations and quantum chemical calculations
Iron isotopes reveal significant aerosol dissolution over the Pacific Ocean
Formation and chemical evolution of secondary organic aerosol in two different environments: a dual-chamber study
Complementary aerosol mass spectrometry elucidates sources of wintertime sub-micron particle pollution in Fairbanks, Alaska, during ALPACA 2022
Enrichment of organic nitrogen in fog residuals observed in the Italian Po Valley
Technical note: Quantified organic aerosol subsaturated hygroscopicity by a simple optical scatter monitor system through field measurements
Measurement report: Oxidation potential of water-soluble aerosol components in the south and north of Beijing
Enhanced daytime secondary aerosol formation driven by gas–particle partitioning in downwind urban plumes
Technical note: Reconstructing surface missing aerosol elemental carbon data in long-term series with ensemble learning
Understanding the mechanism and importance of brown carbon bleaching across the visible spectrum in biomass burning plumes from the WE-CAN campaign
Influence of terrestrial and marine air mass on the constituents and intermixing of bioaerosols over a coastal atmosphere
A multi-site passive approach to studying the emissions and evolution of smoke from prescribed fires
The annual cycle and sources of relevant aerosol precursor vapors in the central Arctic during the MOSAiC expedition
Enhanced emission of intermediate/semi-volatile organic matters in both gas and particle phases from ship exhausts with low-sulfur fuels
Advances in characterization of black carbon particles and their associated coatings using the soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer in Singapore, a complex city environment
Measurement report: Crustal materials play an increasing role in elevating particle pH: Insights from 12-year records in a typical inland city of China
Opinion: How will advances in aerosol science inform our understanding of the health impacts of outdoor particulate pollution?
Jiayin Li, Tianyu Zhai, Xiaorui Chen, Haichao Wang, Shuyang Xie, Shiyi Chen, Chunmeng Li, Yuanjun Gong, Huabin Dong, and Keding Lu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 6395–6406, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6395-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6395-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We directly measured the dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) uptake coefficient using an aerosol flow tube, which critically impacts the NOx fate and particulate nitrate formation in a typical highland city, Kunming, in China. We found that the performance of current γ (N2O5) parameterizations showed deviations with the varying aerosol liquid water content (ALWC). Such differences would lead to biased estimation of particulate nitrate production potential. We give suggestions for future research directions.
Jishnu Pandamkulangara Kizhakkethil, Zongbo Shi, Anna Bogush, and Ivan Kourtchev
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 5947–5958, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5947-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5947-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Pollution with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has received attention due to their environmental persistence and bioaccumulation, but their sources remain poorly understood. PM10 (particulate matter) collected above a scaled-down activated sludge tank treating domestic sewage in the UK was analysed for a range of short-, medium-, and long-chain PFAS. Eight PFAS were detected in the PM10. Our results suggest that wastewater treatment processes, i.e. activated sludge aeration, could aerosolise PFAS into airborne PM.
Haley M. Royer, Michael T. Sheridan, Hope E. Elliott, Edmund Blades, Nurun Nahar Lata, Zezhen Cheng, Swarup China, Zihua Zhu, Andrew P. Ault, and Cassandra J. Gaston
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 5743–5759, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5743-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5743-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Saharan dust transported across the Atlantic to the Caribbean, South America, and North America is hypothesized to undergo chemical processing by acids that enhances cloud droplet formation and nutrient availability. In this study, chemical analysis performed on African dust deposited over Barbados shows that acid tracers are found mostly on sea salt and smoke particles, rather than dust, indicating that dust particles undergo minimal chemical processing.
Zhao Wei, Shohei Hattori, Asuka Tsuruta, Zhuang Jiang, Sakiko Ishino, Koji Fujita, Sumito Matoba, Lei Geng, Alexis Lamothe, Ryu Uemura, Naohiro Yoshida, Joel Savarino, and Yoshinori Iizuka
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 5727–5742, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5727-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5727-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Nitrate isotope records in ice cores reveal changes in NOₓ emissions and atmospheric oxidation chemistry driven by human activity. However, UV-driven postdepositional processes can alter nitrate in snow, making snow accumulation rates critical for preserving these records. This study examines nitrate isotopes in a southeastern Greenland ice core, where high snow accumulation minimizes these effects, providing a reliable archive of atmospheric nitrogen cycling.
Genevieve Rose Lorenzo, Luke D. Ziemba, Avelino F. Arellano, Mary C. Barth, Ewan C. Crosbie, Joshua P. DiGangi, Glenn S. Diskin, Richard Ferrare, Miguel Ricardo A. Hilario, Michael A. Shook, Simone Tilmes, Jian Wang, Qian Xiao, Jun Zhang, and Armin Sorooshian
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 5469–5495, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5469-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5469-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Novel aerosol hygroscopicity analyses of CAMP2Ex (Cloud, Aerosol, and Monsoon Processes Philippines Experiment) field campaign data show low aerosol hygroscopicity values in Southeast Asia. Organic carbon from smoke decreases hygroscopicity to levels more like those in continental than in polluted marine regions. Hygroscopicity changes at cloud level demonstrate how surface particles impact clouds in the region, affecting model representation of aerosol and cloud interactions in similar polluted marine regions with high organic carbon emissions.
Diana L. Pereira, Chiara Giorio, Aline Gratien, Alexander Zherebker, Gael Noyalet, Servanne Chevaillier, Stéphanie Alage, Elie Almarj, Antonin Bergé, Thomas Bertin, Mathieu Cazaunau, Patrice Coll, Ludovico Di Antonio, Sergio Harb, Johannes Heuser, Cécile Gaimoz, Oscar Guillemant, Brigitte Language, Olivier Lauret, Camilo Macias, Franck Maisonneuve, Bénédicte Picquet-Varrault, Raquel Torres, Sylvain Triquet, Pascal Zapf, Lelia Hawkins, Drew Pronovost, Sydney Riley, Pierre-Marie Flaud, Emilie Perraudin, Pauline Pouyes, Eric Villenave, Alexandre Albinet, Olivier Favez, Robin Aujay-Plouzeau, Vincent Michoud, Christopher Cantrell, Manuela Cirtog, Claudia Di Biagio, Jean-François Doussin, and Paola Formenti
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 4885–4905, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4885-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4885-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In order to study aerosols in environments influenced by anthropogenic and biogenic emissions, we performed analyses of samples collected during the ACROSS (Atmospheric Chemistry Of the Suburban Forest) campaign in summer 2022 in the greater Paris area. After analysis of the chemical composition by means of total carbon determination and high-resolution mass spectrometry, this work highlights the influence of anthropogenic inputs on the chemical composition of both urban and forested areas.
Kimmo Teinilä, Sanna Saarikoski, Henna Lintusaari, Teemu Lepistö, Petteri Marjanen, Minna Aurela, Heidi Hellén, Toni Tykkä, Markus Lampimäki, Janne Lampilahti, Luis Barreira, Timo Mäkelä, Leena Kangas, Juha Hatakka, Sami Harni, Joel Kuula, Jarkko V. Niemi, Harri Portin, Jaakko Yli-Ojanperä, Ville Niemelä, Milja Jäppi, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Joonas Vanhanen, Liisa Pirjola, Hanna E. Manninen, Tuukka Petäjä, Topi Rönkkö, and Hilkka Timonen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 4907–4928, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4907-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4907-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Physical and chemical properties of particulate matter and concentrations of trace gases were measured in a street canyon in Helsinki, Finland, and an urban background site in January–February 2022 to investigate the effect of wintertime conditions on pollutants. State-of-the-art instruments and a mobile laboratory were used, and the measurement data were analysed further with modelling tools like positive matrix factorization and the Pollution Detection Algorithm.
Guilherme Martins Pereira, Leonardo Yoshiaki Kamigauti, Rubens Fabio Pereira, Djacinto Monteiro dos Santos, Thayná da Silva Santos, José Vinicius Martins, Célia Alves, Cátia Gonçalves, Ismael Casotti Rienda, Nora Kováts, Thiago Nogueira, Luciana Rizzo, Paulo Artaxo, Regina Maura de Miranda, Marcia Akemi Yamasoe, Edmilson Dias de Freitas, Pérola de Castro Vasconcellos, and Maria de Fatima Andrade
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 4587–4616, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4587-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4587-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The chemical composition of fine particulate matter was studied in the megacity of São Paulo (Brazil) during a polluted period. Vehicular-related sources remain relevant; however, a high contribution of biomass burning was observed and correlated with sample ecotoxicity. Emerging biomass burning sources, such as forest fires and sugarcane-bagasse-based power plants, highlight the need for additional control measures alongside stricter rules concerning vehicular emissions.
Emmanuel Chevassus, Kirsten N. Fossum, Darius Ceburnis, Lu Lei, Chunshui Lin, Wei Xu, Colin O'Dowd, and Jurgita Ovadnevaite
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 4107–4129, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4107-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4107-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents the first source apportionment of organic aerosol at Mace Head via high-resolution mass spectrometry. Introducing transfer entropy as a novel method reveals that aged organic aerosol originates from both open-ocean ozonolysis and local peat-burning oxidation. Methanesulfonic acid and organic sea spray both mirror phytoplankton activity, with the former closely tied to coccolithophore blooms and the latter linked to diatoms, chlorophytes, and cyanobacteria.
Ashutosh K. Shukla, Sachchida N. Tripathi, Shamitaksha Talukdar, Vishnu Murari, Sreenivas Gaddamidi, Manousos-Ioannis Manousakas, Vipul Lalchandani, Kuldeep Dixit, Vinayak M. Ruge, Peeyush Khare, Mayank Kumar, Vikram Singh, Neeraj Rastogi, Suresh Tiwari, Atul K. Srivastava, Dilip Ganguly, Kaspar Rudolf Daellenbach, and André S. H. Prévôt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 3765–3784, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3765-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3765-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Our study delves into the elemental composition of aerosols at three sites across the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), revealing distinct patterns during pollution episodes. We found significant increases in chlorine (Cl)-rich and solid fuel combustion (SFC) sources, indicating dynamic emission sources, agricultural burning impacts, and meteorological influences. Surges in Cl-rich particles during cold periods highlight their role in particle growth under high-relative-humidity conditions.
Ye Kuang, Biao Luo, Shan Huang, Junwen Liu, Weiwei Hu, Yuwen Peng, Duohong Chen, Dingli Yue, Wanyun Xu, Bin Yuan, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 3737–3752, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3737-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3737-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This research reveals the potential importance of nighttime NO3 radical chemistry and aerosol water in the rapid formation of secondary brown carbon from diluted biomass burning emissions. The findings enhance our understanding of nighttime biomass burning evolution and its implications for climate and regional air quality, especially regarding interactions with background aerosol water and water-rich fogs and clouds.
Fan Mei, Qi Zhang, Damao Zhang, Jerome D. Fast, Gourihar Kulkarni, Mikhail S. Pekour, Christopher R. Niedek, Susanne Glienke, Israel Silber, Beat Schmid, Jason M. Tomlinson, Hardeep S. Mehta, Xena Mansoura, Zezhen Cheng, Gregory W. Vandergrift, Nurun Nahar Lata, Swarup China, and Zihua Zhu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 3425–3444, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3425-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3425-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study highlights the unique capability of the ArcticShark, an uncrewed aerial system, in measuring vertically resolved atmospheric properties. Data from 32 research flights in 2023 reveal seasonal patterns and correlations with conventional measurements. The consistency and complementarity of in situ and remote sensing methods are highlighted. The study demonstrates the ArcticShark’s versatility in bridging data gaps and improving the understanding of vertical atmospheric structures.
Yuan Cheng, Ying-jie Zhong, Zhi-qing Zhang, Xu-bing Cao, and Jiu-meng Liu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-537, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-537, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
As an emerging hotspot of atmospheric sciences, Northeast China is distinct due to the frigid winter and the strong emissions from agricultural fires. Based on field campaigns conducted in Harbin, we successively identified the analytical method that could lead to proper results of organic and elemental carbon. Our results are believed to be a support for future efforts on exploration of the PM2.5 sources in Northeast China, which are essential for further improving the regional air quality.
Ting Yang, Yu Xu, Yu-Chen Wang, Yi-Jia Ma, Hong-Wei Xiao, Hao Xiao, and Hua-Yun Xiao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 2967–2978, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2967-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2967-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Previous measurement–model comparisons of atmospheric isoprene levels showed a significant unidentified source of isoprene in some northern Chinese cities during winter. Here, the first combination of large-scale observations and field combustion experiments provides novel insights into biomass burning emissions as a significant source of isoprene-derived organosulfates during winter in northern cities of China.
Agnesh Panta, Konrad Kandler, Kerstin Schepanski, Andres Alastuey, Pavla Dagsson Waldhauserova, Sylvain Dupont, Melanie Eknayan, Cristina González-Flórez, Adolfo González-Romero, Martina Klose, Mara Montag, Xavier Querol, Jesús Yus-Díez, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-494, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-494, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Iceland is among the most active dust source areas in the world. Dust properties are influenced by particle size, mineralogy, shape, and mixing state. This work characterizes freshly emitted individual aerosol particles of Icelandic dust using electron microscopy. Our study provides insights into critical particle-specific information will contribute to better constraining climate models that consider mineralogical variations in their representation of the dust cycle.
Yi-Jia Ma, Yu Xu, Ting Yang, Lin Gui, Hong-Wei Xiao, Hao Xiao, and Hua-Yun Xiao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 2763–2780, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2763-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2763-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The abundance, potential precursors, and main formation mechanisms of nitrogen-containing organic compounds (NOCs) in PM2.5 during winter were compared among cities with different energy consumption patterns. The aerosol NOC pollution during winter in China is closely associated with the intensity of precursor emissions and the aqueous-phase processes. Our results highlight the importance of emission reduction strategies in controlling aerosol NOCs pollution during winter in China.
Dane Blanchard, Mark Gordon, Duc Huy Dang, Paul Andrew Makar, and Julian Aherne
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 2423–2442, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2423-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2423-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study offers the first known evaluation of water-soluble brown carbon aerosols in the Athabasca oil sands region (AOSR), Canada. Fluorescence spectroscopy analysis of aerosol samples from five regional sites (collected during the summer of 2021) identified oil sands operations as a measurable brown carbon source. Industrial aerosol emissions were unlikely to impact regional radiative forcing. These findings show that fluorescence spectroscopy can be used to monitor brown carbon in the AOSR.
Kira Zeider, Kayla McCauley, Sanja Dmitrovic, Leong Wai Siu, Yonghoon Choi, Ewan C. Crosbie, Joshua P. DiGangi, Glenn S. Diskin, Simon Kirschler, John B. Nowak, Michael A. Shook, Kenneth L. Thornhill, Christiane Voigt, Edward L. Winstead, Luke D. Ziemba, Paquita Zuidema, and Armin Sorooshian
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 2407–2422, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2407-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2407-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In situ aircraft data collected over the northwest Atlantic Ocean are utilized to compare aerosol conditions and turbulence between near-surface and below-cloud-base altitudes for different regimes of coupling strength between those two levels, along with how cloud microphysical properties vary across those regimes. Stronger coupling yields more homogenous aerosol structure vertically along with higher cloud drop concentrations and sea salt influence in clouds.
Junke Zhang, Xinyi Fu, Chunying Chen, Yunfei Su, Siyu Liu, Luyao Chen, Yubao Chen, Gehui Wang, and Andre S. H. Prevot
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-92, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-92, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The 125 organic aerosol (OA) compounds in PM2.5 in winter in Chengdu were measured at the molecular level. OA was dominated by fatty acids, phthalate esters, and anhydrosugars, and were deeply influenced by anthropogenic sources. As pollution worsens: secondary inorganic species and secondary organic carbon (OC) dominated the increase in PM2.5; fatty acids and anhydrosugars dominated the increase in OA; and the contribution of secondary formation and biomass burning to OC increased markedly.
Amie Dobracki, Ernie R. Lewis, Arthur J. Sedlacek III, Tyler Tatro, Maria A. Zawadowicz, and Paquita Zuidema
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 2333–2363, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2333-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2333-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Biomass-burning aerosol is commonly present in the marine boundary layer over the southeast Atlantic Ocean between June and October. Our research indicates that burning conditions, aerosol transport pathways, and prolonged oxidation processes (heterogeneous and aqueous phases) determine the chemical, microphysical, and optical properties of the boundary layer aerosol. Notably, we find that the aerosol optical properties can be estimated from the chemical properties alone.
Benjamin Heutte, Nora Bergner, Hélène Angot, Jakob B. Pernov, Lubna Dada, Jessica A. Mirrielees, Ivo Beck, Andrea Baccarini, Matthew Boyer, Jessie M. Creamean, Kaspar R. Daellenbach, Imad El Haddad, Markus M. Frey, Silvia Henning, Tiia Laurila, Vaios Moschos, Tuukka Petäjä, Kerri A. Pratt, Lauriane L. J. Quéléver, Matthew D. Shupe, Paul Zieger, Tuija Jokinen, and Julia Schmale
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 2207–2241, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2207-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2207-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Limited aerosol measurements in the central Arctic hinder our understanding of aerosol–climate interactions in the region. Our year-long observations of aerosol physicochemical properties during the MOSAiC expedition reveal strong seasonal variations in aerosol chemical composition, where the short-term variability is heavily affected by storms in the Arctic. Local wind-generated particles are shown to be an important source of cloud seeds, especially in autumn.
Feng Jiang, Harald Saathoff, Uzoamaka Ezenobi, Junwei Song, Hengheng Zhang, Linyu Gao, and Thomas Leisner
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1917–1930, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1917-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1917-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The chemical composition of brown carbon in the particle and gas phase was determined by mass spectrometry. BrC in the gas phase was mainly controlled by secondary formation and particle-to-gas partitioning. BrC in the particle phase was mainly from secondary formation. This work helps to get a better understanding of diurnal variations and the sources of brown carbon aerosol at a rural location in central Europe.
Theresa Mathes, Heather Guy, John Prytherch, Julia Kojoj, Ian Brooks, Sonja Murto, Paul Zieger, Birgit Wehner, Michael Tjernström, and Andreas Held
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-183, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-183, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The Arctic is warming faster than the global average and aerosol-cloud-sea-ice interactions are crucial for studying its climate system. During the ARTofMELT Expedition 2023, particle and sensible heat fluxes were measured over multiple surfaces. Wide lead surfaces acted as particle sources with the strongest sensible heat fluxes, while closed ice surfaces acted as a particle sink. This study improves methods to measure these interactions, enhancing our understanding of Arctic climate processes.
Vikram Pratap, Christopher J. Hennigan, Bastian Stieger, Andreas Tilgner, Laurent Poulain, Dominik van Pinxteren, Gerald Spindler, and Hartmut Herrmann
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-457, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-457, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we characterize trends in aerosol pH and its controlling factors over the period of 2010 – 2019 at the Melpitz research station in eastern Germany. We find strong trends in aerosol pH and major inorganic species in response to changing emissions. We conduct a detailed thermodynamic analysis of the aerosol system and discuss implications for controlling PM2.5 in the region.
Rui Li, Yubing Shen, Yumeng Shao, Yining Gao, Ziwei Yao, Qian Liu, Xing Liu, and Guitao Shi
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3740, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3740, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
It is the first time to reveal the global variations of PAHs derivatives in the marine air. We found that marine aerosols in East China Sea (ECS) and Western Pacific (WP) were significantly affected by coal and engine combustion, while those in Bismarck Sea (BS) and East Australian Sea (EAS) were mainly influenced by wildfire and coal combustion. Antarctic Ocean (AO) was dominated by biomass burning and local shipping emissions. This finding help elucidate the mechanism of global PAH cycle.
James Brean, David C. S. Beddows, Eija Asmi, Aki Virkkula, Lauriane L. J. Quéléver, Mikko Sipilä, Floortje Van Den Heuvel, Thomas Lachlan-Cope, Anna Jones, Markus Frey, Angelo Lupi, Jiyeon Park, Young Jun Yoon, Rolf Weller, Giselle L. Marincovich, Gabriela C. Mulena, Roy M. Harrison, and Manuel Dall'Osto
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1145–1162, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1145-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1145-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Our results emphasise how understanding the geographical variation in surface types across the Antarctic is key to understanding secondary aerosol sources.
Adam E. Thomas, Hayley S. Glicker, Alex B. Guenther, Roger Seco, Oscar Vega Bustillos, Julio Tota, Rodrigo A. F. Souza, and James N. Smith
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 959–977, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-959-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-959-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We present measurements of the organic composition of ultrafine particles collected from the eastern Amazon, an understudied region that is subjected to increasing human influence. We find that while isoprene chemistry is likely significant for ultrafine-particle growth throughout the year, compounds related to other sources, such as biological-spore emissions and biomass burning, exhibit striking seasonal differences, implying extensive variation in regional ultrafine-particle sources.
Xiufeng Lian, Yongjiang Xu, Fengxian Liu, Long Peng, Xiaodong Hu, Guigang Tang, Xu Dao, Hui Guo, Liwei Wang, Bo Huang, Chunlei Cheng, Lei Li, Guohua Zhang, Xinhui Bi, Xiaofei Wang, Zhen Zhou, and Mei Li
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3469, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3469, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we analyzed the mixing state and atmospheric chemical processes of Pb-rich single particles in Beijing. Then, we focused on analyzing the differences in Pb-rich particles between the heating period and non-heating period, as well as the formation mechanism of lead nitrate after coal-to-gas conversion. Our results highlighted the improvement of coal-to-gas conversion on Pb in the particulate.
Chiara Giorio, Anne Monod, Valerio Di Marco, Pierre Herckes, Denise Napolitano, Amy Sullivan, Gautier Landrot, Daniel Warnes, Marika Nasti, Sara D'Aronco, Agathe Gérardin, Nicolas Brun, Karine Desboeufs, Sylvain Triquet, Servanne Chevaillier, Claudia Di Biagio, Francesco Battaglia, Frédéric Burnet, Stuart J. Piketh, Andreas Namwoonde, Jean-François Doussin, and Paola Formenti
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4140, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4140, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
A comparison between the solubility of trace metals in pairs of total suspended particulate (TSP) and fog water samples collected in Henties Bay, Namibia, during the AEROCLO-sA field campaign is presented. We found enhanced solubility of metals in fog samples which we attributed to metal-ligand complexes formation in the early stages of particle activation into droplets which can then remain in a kinetically stable form in fog or lead to the formation of colloidal nanoparticles.
Xu Yu, Min Zhou, Shuhui Zhu, Liping Qiao, Jinjian Li, Yingge Ma, Zijing Zhang, Kezheng Liao, Hongli Wang, and Jian Zhen Yu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4103, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4103, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Online measurements of bulk aerosol organic nitrogen (ON), in conjunction with a comprehensive array of source markers, have revealed five emission sources and five potentially significant formation processes of nitrogenous organic aerosols. This study provides first quantitative source analysis of ON aerosol and valuable observational evidence on secondary ON aerosol formation through NH3 and NOx chemistries.
Kumiko Goto-Azuma, Yoshimi Ogawa-Tsukagawa, Kaori Fukuda, Koji Fujita, Motohiro Hirabayashi, Remi Dallmayr, Jun Ogata, Nobuhiro Moteki, Tatsuhiro Mori, Sho Ohata, Yutaka Kondo, Makoto Koike, Sumito Matoba, Moe Kadota, Akane Tsushima, Naoko Nagatsuka, and Teruo Aoki
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 657–683, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-657-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-657-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Monthly ice core records spanning 350 years from Greenland show trends in refractory black carbon (rBC) concentrations and sizes. rBC levels have increased since the 1870s due to the inflow of anthropogenic rBC, with larger diameters than those from biomass burning (BB) rBC. High summer BB rBC peaks may reduce the ice sheet albedo, but BB rBC showed no increase until the early 2000s. These results are vital for validating aerosol and climate models.
Mingjie Kang, Mengying Bao, Wenhuai Song, Aduburexiati Abulimiti, Changliu Wu, Fang Cao, Sönke Szidat, and Yanlin Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 73–91, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-73-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-73-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Reports on molecular-level knowledge of high-temporal-resolution particulate matter ≤2.5 µm in diameter (PM2.5) on hazy days are limited. We investigated various PM2.5 species and their sources. The results show biomass burning (BB) was the main source of organic carbon. Moreover, BB enhanced fungal spore emissions and secondary aerosol formation. The contribution of non-fossil sources increased with increasing haze pollution, suggesting BB may be an important driver of haze events in winter.
Gregory P. Schill, Karl D. Froyd, Daniel M. Murphy, Christina J. Williamson, Charles A. Brock, Tomás Sherwen, Mat J. Evans, Eric A. Ray, Eric C. Apel, Rebecca S. Hornbrook, Alan J. Hills, Jeff Peischl, Thomas B. Ryerson, Chelsea R. Thompson, Ilann Bourgeois, Donald R. Blake, Joshua P. DiGangi, and Glenn S. Diskin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 45–71, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-45-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-45-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Using single-particle mass spectrometry, we show that trace concentrations of bromine and iodine are ubiquitous in remote tropospheric aerosol and suggest that aerosols are an important part of the global reactive iodine budget. Comparisons to a global climate model with detailed iodine chemistry are favorable in the background atmosphere; however, the model cannot replicate our measurements near the ocean surface, in biomass burning plumes, and in the stratosphere.
Yanqin Ren, Zhenhai Wu, Fang Bi, Hong Li, Haijie Zhang, Junling Li, Rui Gao, Fangyun Long, Zhengyang Liu, Yuanyuan Ji, and Gehui Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3678, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3678, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The daily concentrations of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), oxygenated PAHs (OPAHs), and nitrated phenols (NPs) in PM2.5 were all increased during the heating season. Biomass burning was identified to be the primary source of these aromatic compounds, particularly for PAHs. Phenol and nitrobenzene are two main primary precursors for 4NP, with phenol showing lower reaction barriers. P-Cresol was identified as the primary precursor for the formation of 4-methyl-5-nitrocatechol.
Capucine Camin, François Lacan, Catherine Pradoux, Marie Labatut, Anne Johansen, and James W. Murray
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3777, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3777, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This manuscript presents the chemical composition of aerosols (> 1µm) over the Equatorial and Tropical Pacific Ocean, presenting the first measurements of iron isotopes in aerosols from this region. Iron concentrations and isotopes were determined using a Neptune MC-ICPMS. Our data analysis reveals that a significant portion of the aerosols undergo dissolution and removal during atmospheric transport. These findings contribute to original conclusions about the chemistry and physics of aerosols.
Andreas Aktypis, Dontavious J. Sippial, Christina N. Vasilakopoulou, Angeliki Matrali, Christos Kaltsonoudis, Andrea Simonati, Marco Paglione, Matteo Rinaldi, Stefano Decesari, and Spyros N. Pandis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13769–13791, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13769-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13769-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
A dual-chamber system was deployed in two different environments (Po Valley, Italy, and Pertouli forest, Greece) to study the potential of ambient air directly injected into the chambers, to form secondary organic aerosol (SOA). In the Po Valley, the system reacts rapidly, forming large amounts of SOA, while in Pertouli the SOA formation chemistry appears to have been practically terminated before the beginning of most experiments, so there is little additional SOA formation potential left.
Amna Ijaz, Brice Temime-Roussel, Benjamin Chazeau, Sarah Albertin, Stephen R. Arnold, Brice Barrett, Slimane Bekki, Natalie Brett, Meeta Cesler-Maloney, Elsa Dieudonne, Kayane K. Dingilian, Javier G. Fochesatto, Jingqiu Mao, Allison Moon, Joel Savarino, William Simpson, Rodney J. Weber, Kathy S. Law, and Barbara D'Anna
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3789, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3789, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Fairbanks is among the most polluted cities with the highest particulate matter (PM) levels in the US during winters. Highly time-resolved measurements of the sub-micron PM elucidated residential heating with wood and oil and hydrocarbon-like organics from traffic, as well as sulphur-containing organic aerosol, to be the key pollution sources. Remarkable differences existed between complementary instruments, warranting the deployment of multiple tools at sites with wide-ranging influences.
Fredrik Mattsson, Almuth Neuberger, Liine Heikkinen, Yvette Gramlich, Marco Paglione, Matteo Rinaldi, Stefano Decesari, Paul Zieger, Ilona Riipinen, and Claudia Mohr
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3629, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3629, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigated aerosol-cloud interactions, focusing on organic nitrogen (ON) formation in the aqueous phase. Measurements were conducted in wintertime Italian Po Valley, using aerosol mass spectrometry. The fog was enriched in more hygroscopic inorganic compounds and ON, containing e.g. imidazoles. The formation of imidazole by aerosol-fog interactions could be confirmed for the first time in atmospheric observations. Findings highlight the role of fog in nitrogen aerosol formation.
Jie Zhang, Tianyu Zhu, Alexandra Catena, Yaowei Li, Margaret J. Schwab, Pengfei Liu, Akua Asa-Awuku, and James Schwab
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13445–13456, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13445-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13445-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study shows the derived organic aerosol hygroscopicity under high-humidity conditions based on a simple optical scatter monitor system, including two nephelometric monitors (pDR-1500), when the aerosol chemical composition is already known.
Wei Yuan, Ru-Jin Huang, Chao Luo, Lu Yang, Wenjuan Cao, Jie Guo, and Huinan Yang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13219–13230, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13219-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13219-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We characterized water-soluble oxidative potential (OP) levels in wintertime PM2.5 in the south and north of Beijing. Our results show that the volume-normalized dithiothreitol (DTTv) in the north was comparable to that in the south, while the mass-normalized dithiothreitol (DTTm) in the north was almost twice that in the south. Traffic-related emissions and biomass burning were the main sources of DTTv in the south, and traffic-related emissions contributed the most to DTTv in the north.
Mingfu Cai, Chenshuo Ye, Bin Yuan, Shan Huang, E Zheng, Suxia Yang, Zelong Wang, Yi Lin, Tiange Li, Weiwei Hu, Wei Chen, Qicong Song, Wei Li, Yuwen Peng, Baoling Liang, Qibin Sun, Jun Zhao, Duohong Chen, Jiaren Sun, Zhiyong Yang, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13065–13079, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13065-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13065-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigated the daytime secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation in urban plumes. We observed a significant daytime SOA formation through gas–particle partitioning when the site was affected by urban plumes. A box model simulation indicated that urban pollutants (nitrogen oxide and volatile organic compounds) could enhance the oxidizing capacity, while the elevated volatile organic compounds were mainly responsible for promoting daytime SOA formation.
Qingxiao Meng, Yunjiang Zhang, Sheng Zhong, Jie Fang, Lili Tang, Yongcai Rao, Minfeng Zhou, Jian Qiu, Xiaofeng Xu, Jean-Eudes Petit, Olivier Favez, and Xinlei Ge
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2776, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2776, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a new method to reconstruct missing elemental carbon (EC) data in four Chinese cities from 2013 to 2023. Using machine learning, we accurately filled data gaps and introduced a new approach to analyze EC trends. Our findings reveal a significant decline in EC due to stricter pollution controls, though this slowed after 2020. This study provides a versatile framework for addressing data gaps and supports strategies to reduce urban air pollution and its climate impacts.
Yingjie Shen, Rudra P. Pokhrel, Amy P. Sullivan, Ezra J. T. Levin, Lauren A. Garofalo, Delphine K. Farmer, Wade Permar, Lu Hu, Darin W. Toohey, Teresa Campos, Emily V. Fischer, and Shane M. Murphy
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12881–12901, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12881-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12881-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The magnitude and evolution of brown carbon (BrC) absorption remain unclear, with uncertainty in climate models. Data from the WE-CAN airborne experiment show that model parameterizations overestimate the mass absorption cross section (MAC) of BrC. Observed decreases in BrC absorption with chemical markers are due to decreasing organic aerosol (OA) mass rather than a decreasing BrC MAC, which is currently implemented in models. Water-soluble BrC contributes 23 % of total absorption at 660 nm.
Qun He, Zhaowen Wang, Houfeng Liu, Pengju Xu, Rongbao Duan, Caihong Xu, Jianmin Chen, and Min Wei
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12775–12792, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12775-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12775-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Coastal environments provide an ideal setting for investigating the intermixing of terrestrial and marine aerosols. Terrestrial air mass constituted a larger number of microbes from anthropogenic and soil emissions, whereas saprophytic and gut microbes were predominant in marine samples. Mixed air masses indicated a fusion of marine and terrestrial aerosols, characterized by alterations in the ratio of pathogenic and saprophytic microbes when compared to either terrestrial or marine samples.
Rime El Asmar, Zongrun Li, David J. Tanner, Yongtao Hu, Susan O'Neill, L. Gregory Huey, M. Talat Odman, and Rodney J. Weber
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12749–12773, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12749-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12749-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Prescribed burning is an important method for managing ecosystems and preventing wildfires. However, smoke from prescribed fires can have a significant impact on air quality. Here, using a network of fixed sites and sampling throughout an extended prescribed burning period in 2 different years, we characterize emissions and evolutions of up to 8 h of PM2.5 mass, black carbon (BC), and brown carbon (BrC) in smoke from burning of forested lands in the southeastern USA.
Matthew Boyer, Diego Aliaga, Lauriane L. J. Quéléver, Silvia Bucci, Hélène Angot, Lubna Dada, Benjamin Heutte, Lisa Beck, Marina Duetsch, Andreas Stohl, Ivo Beck, Tiia Laurila, Nina Sarnela, Roseline C. Thakur, Branka Miljevic, Markku Kulmala, Tuukka Petäjä, Mikko Sipilä, Julia Schmale, and Tuija Jokinen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12595–12621, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12595-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12595-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We analyze the seasonal cycle and sources of gases that are relevant for the formation of aerosol particles in the central Arctic. Since theses gases can form new particles, they can influence Arctic climate. We show that the sources of these gases are associated with changes in the Arctic environment during the year, especially with respect to sea ice. Therefore, the concentration of these gases will likely change in the future as the Arctic continues to warm.
Binyu Xiao, Fan Zhang, Zeyu Liu, Yan Zhang, Rui Li, Can Wu, Xinyi Wan, Yi Wang, Yubao Chen, Yong Han, Min Cui, Libo Zhang, Yingjun Chen, and Gehui Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3433, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3433, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Intermediate/semi-volatile organic compounds in both gas and particle phases from ship exhausts are enhanced due to the switch of fuels from low-sulfur to ultra-low-sulfur. The findings indicate that optimization is necessary for the forthcoming global implementation of an ultra-low-sulfur oil policy. Besides, we find that organic diagnostic markers of hopanes, in conjunction with the ratio of octadecanoic to tetradecanoic could be considered as potential tracers for HFO exhausts.
Mutian Ma, Laura-Hélèna Rivellini, Yichen Zong, Markus Kraft, Liya E. Yu, and Alex King Yin Lee
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3240, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3240, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This work advances our understanding of emission and atmospheric evolution of black carbon (BC) particles in Singapore, a complex urban environment impacted by multiple local and regional combustion sources, based on the improved source apportionment analysis of real-time aerosol mass spectrometry measurement.
Hongyu Zhang, Shenbo Wang, Zhangsen Dong, Xiao Li, and Ruiqin Zhang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2869, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2869, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
To address this, 12-year observational data in Zhengzhou were investigated and revealed that the resuspension of surrounding soil dust determined the rebound of crustal material concentrations after 2019, further elevating the particle pH. Therefore, the future ammonia reduction policies in North China may not lead to a rapid increase in particle acidity buffering by the crustal materials, but it is necessary to consider synergistic control with dust sources.
Imad El Haddad, Danielle Vienneau, Kaspar R. Daellenbach, Robin Modini, Jay G. Slowik, Abhishek Upadhyay, Petros N. Vasilakos, David Bell, Kees de Hoogh, and Andre S. H. Prevot
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 11981–12011, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11981-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11981-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This opinion paper explores how advances in aerosol science inform our understanding of the health impacts of outdoor particulate pollution. We advocate for a shift in the way we target PM pollution, focusing on the most harmful anthropogenic emissions. We highlight key observations, modelling developments, and emission measurements needed to achieve this shift.
Cited articles
Abualhaija, M. M., Whitby, H., and van den Berg, C. M. G.: Competition
between copper and iron for humic ligands in estuarine waters, Mar. Chem.,
172, 46–56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2015.03.010,
2015.
Adachi, K., Oshima, N., Gong, Z., de Sá, S., Bateman, A. P., Martin, S. T., de Brito, J. F., Artaxo, P., Cirino, G. G., Sedlacek III, A. J., and Buseck, P. R.: Mixing states of Amazon basin aerosol particles transported over long distances using transmission electron microscopy, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 11923–11939, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11923-2020, 2020.
Adachi, K., Oshima, N., Ohata, S., Yoshida, A., Moteki, N., and Koike, M.: Compositions and mixing states of aerosol particles by aircraft observations in the Arctic springtime, 2018, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 3607–3626, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3607-2021, 2021.
Al-Abadleh, H. A.: Review of the bulk and surface chemistry of iron in
atmospherically relevant systemns containing humic-like substances, RSC
Adv., 5, 45785, https://doi.org/10.1039/C5RA03132J, 2015.
Amrani, A., Said-Ahmad, W., Shaked, Y., and Kiene, R. P.: Sulfur isotope
homogeneity of oceanic DMSP and DMS, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 110,
18413–18418, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1312956110, 2013.
Angle, K. J., Crocker, D. R., Simpson, R. M. C., Mayer, J. J., Garofalo, L.
A., Moore, A. N., Mora Garcia, S. L., Or, V. W., Srinivasan, S., Farhan, M.,
Sauer, J. S., Lee, C., Pothier, M. A., Farmer, D. K., Martz, T. R., Bertram,
T. H., Cappa, C. D., Prather, K. A., and Grassian, V. H.: Acidity across the
interface from the ocean surface to sea spray aerosol, P. Natl. Acad.
Sci. USA, 118, e2018397118, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2018397118, 2021.
Baker, A. R. and Jickells, T. D.: Mineral particle size as a control n
aerosol iron solubility, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L17608, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL026557, 2006.
Baker, A. R., Landing, W. M., Bucciarelli, E., Cheize, M., Fietz, S., Hayes,
C. T., Kadko, D., Morton, P. L., Rogan, N., Sarthou, G., Shelley, R. U.,
Shi, Z., Shiller, A., and van Hulten, M. M. P.: Trace element and isotope
deposition across the air–sea interface: progress and research needs, Philos.
T. R. Soc. A, 374, 20160190, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0190, 2016.
Baker, A. R., Li, M., and Chance, R.: Trace metal fractional solubility in
size-segregated aerosols from the tropical eastern Atlantic Ocean, Global
Biogeochem. Cy., 34, e2019GB006510, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GB006510, 2020.
Baker, A. R., Kanakidou, M., Nenes, A., Myriokefalitakis, S., Croot, P. L.,
Duce, R. A., Gao, Y., Guieu, C., Ito, A., Jickells, T. D., Mahowald, N. M.,
Middag, R., Perron, M. M. G., Sarin, M. M., Shelley, R., and Turner, D. R.:
Changing atmospheric acidity as a modulator of nutrient deposition and ocean
biogeochemistry, Sci. Adv., 7, eabd8800, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abd8800, 2021.
Baldo, C., Ito, A., Krom, M. D., Li, W., Jones, T., Drake, N., Ignatyev, K., Davidson, N., and Shi, Z.: Iron from coal combustion particles dissolves much faster than mineral dust under simulated atmospheric acidic conditions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 6045–6066, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6045-2022, 2022.
Bethke, C. M.: Geochemical Reaction Modeling: Concepts and Applications,
Oxford University Press, https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195094756.001.0001, 1996.
Bian, Q., Huang, X. H. H., and Yu, J. Z.: One-year observations of size distribution characteristics of major aerosol constituents at a coastal receptor site in Hong Kong – Part 1: Inorganic ions and oxalate, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 9013–9027, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-9013-2014, 2014.
Bibi, I., Singh, B., and Silvester, E.: Dissolution of illite in
saline-acidic solutions at 25 ∘C, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac.,
75, 3237–3249, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2011.03.022,
2011.
Bikkina, P., Kawamura, K., Bikkina, S., Kunwar, B., Tanaka, K., and Suzuki,
K.: Hydroxy fatty acids in remote marine aerosols over the Pacific Ocean:
Impact of biological activity and wind speed, ACS Earth Space Chem., 3,
366–379, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.8b00161,
2019.
Bikkina, S., Kawamura, K., and Miyazaki, Y.: Latitudinal distributions of
atmospheric dicarboxylic acids, oxocarboxylic acids and α-dicarbonyls over the western North Pacific: sources and formation pathways,
J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 120, 5010–5035, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022235, 2015.
Boris, A. J., Lee, T., Park, T., Choi, J., Seo, S. J., and Collett Jr., J. L.: Fog composition at Baengnyeong Island in the eastern Yellow Sea: detecting markers of aqueous atmospheric oxidations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 437–453, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-437-2016, 2016.
Boyd, P. W., Jickells, T., Law, C. S., Blain, S., Boyle, E. A., Buesseler,
K. O., Coale, K. H., Cullen, J. J., de Beear, H. J. W., Follows, M., Harvey,
M., Lancelot, C., Levasseur, M., Owens, N. P. J., Pollard, R., Rivkin, R.
B., Sarmiento, J., Schoemann, V., Smetacek, V., Takeda, S., Tsuda, A.,
Turner, S., and Watson, A. J.: Mesoscale iron enrichment experiments
1993–2005: Synthesis, and future directions, Science, 315, 612–617,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1131669, 2007.
Bray, A. W., Oelkers, E. H., Bonneville, S., Wolff-Boenisch, D., Potts, N.
J., Fones, G., and Benning, L. G.: The effect of pH, grain size, and organic
ligands on biotite weathering rates, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 164,
127–145, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.04.048, 2015.
Buck, C. S., Landing, W. M., Resing, J. A., and Lebon, G. T.: Aerosol iron
and aluminum solubility in the northwest Pacific Ocean: Results from the
2002 IOC cruise, Geochem. Geophy. Geosy., 7, Q04M07, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GC000977, 2006.
Buck, C. S., Landing, W. M., and Resing, J.: Particle size and aerosol iron
solubility: A high-resolution analysis of Atlantic aerosols, Mar. Chem.,
120, 14–24, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2008.11.002,
2010.
Buck, C. S., Landing, W. M., and Resing, J.: Pacific Ocean aerosols:
Deposition and solubility of iron, aluminum, and other trace elements, Mar.
Chem., 157, 117–130, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2013.09.005, 2013.
Calhoun, J. A., Bates, T. S., and Charlson, R. J.: Sulfur isotope
measurements of submicrometer sulfate aerosol particles over the Pacific
Ocean, Geophys. Res. Lett., 18, 1877–1880, https://doi.org/10.1029/91GL02304, 1991.
Chance, R., Jickells, T. D., and Baker, A. R.: Atmospheric trace metal
concentrations, solubility and deposition fluxes in remote marine air over
the south-east Atlantic, Mar. Chem., 177, 45–56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2015.06.028, 2015.
Cheize, M., Sarthou, G., Croot, P. L., Bucciarelli, E., Baudoux, A. C., and
Baker, A. R.: Iron organic speciation determination in rainwater using
cathodic stripping voltammetry, Anal. Chim. Acta, 736, 45–54, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2012.05.011, 2012.
Chen, H. and Grassian, V. H.: Iron dissolution of dust source materials
during simulated acidic processing: The effect of sulfuric, acetic, and
oxalic acids, Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, 10312–10321, https://doi.org/10.1021/es401285s, 2013.
Chen, Q., Miyazaki, Y., Kawamura, K., Matsumoto, K., Coburn, S., Volkamer,
R., Iwamoto, Y., Kgami, S., Deng, Y., Ogawa, S., Ramasamy, S., Kato, S.,
Ida, A., Kajii, Y., and Mochida, M.: Characterization of chromophoric
water-soluble organic matter in urban, forest, and marine aerosols by
HR-ToF-MS analysis and excitation–emission matrix spectroscopy, Environ.
Sci. Technol., 50, 10351–10360, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b01643, 2016.
Chung, C. H., You, C. F., Hsu, S. C., and Liang, M. C.: Sulfur isotope analysis
for representative regional background atmospheric aerosols collected at Mt.
Luing, Taiwan, Sci. Rep.-UK, 9, 19707, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56048-z, 2019.
Clegg, S. L., Pitzer, K. S., and Brimblecombe, P.: Thermodynamics of
multicomponent, miscible, ionic solutions. II. Mixtures including
unsymmetrical electrolyte, J. Phys. Chem., 96, 9470–9479,
https://doi.org/10.1021/j100202a074, 1992.
Cochran, R. E., Laskina, O., Hayarathne, T., Laskin, A., Laskin, J., Lin,
P., Sultana, C., Lee, C., Moore, K. A., Cappa, C. D., Bertram, T. H.,
Prather, K. A., Grassian, V. H., and Stone, E. A.: Analysis of organic
anionic surfactants in fine and coarse fractions of fershly emitted sea
spray aeorsol, Environ. Sci. Technol., 50, 2477–2486, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b04053, 2016.
Conway, T. M., Hamilton D. S., Shelley, R. U., Aguilar-Islas, A. M.,
Landing, W. M., Mahowald, N., and John, S. G.: Tracing and constraining
anthropogenic aerosol iron fluxes to the North Atlantic Ocean using iron
isotopes, Nat. Commun., 10, 2628, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10457-w, 2019.
Cwiertny, D. M., Baltrusaitis, J., Hunter, G. J., Laskin, A., Scherer, M.
M., and Grassian, V. H.: Characterization and acid-mobilization study of
iron-containing mineral dust source materials, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D05202,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009332, 2008.
Deng, C., Brooks, S. D., Vidaurre, G., and Thornton, D. C. O.: Using Raman
microspectoscopy to determine chemical composition and mixing state of
airborne marine aerosols over the Pacific Ocean, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 48,
193–206, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2013.867297, 2014.
Desboeufs, K. V., Losno, R., Vimeux, F., and Cholbi, S.: THe pH-dependent
dissolution of wind-transported Saharan dust, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 104,
21287–21299, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JD900236, 1999.
Desboeufs, K. V., Sofikitis, A., Lonso, R., Colin, J. L., and Ausset, P.:
Dissolution and solubility of trace metals from natural and anthropogenic
aerosol particulate matter, Chemosphere, 58, 195–203, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.02.025, 2005.
Engelhart, G. J., Hildebrandt, L., Kostenidou, E., Mihalopoulos, N., Donahue, N. M., and Pandis, S. N.: Water content of aged aerosol, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 911–920, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-911-2011, 2011.
Fang, T., Guo, H., Verma, V., Peltier, R. E., and Weber, R. J.: PM2.5 water-soluble elements in the southeastern United States: automated analytical method development, spatiotemporal distributions, source apportionment, and implications for heath studies, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 11667–11682, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-11667-2015, 2015.
Fang, T., Guo, H., Zeng, L., Verma, V., Nenes, A., and Weber, R.: Highly
Acidic Ambient Particles, Soluble Metals, and Oxidative Potential: A Link
between Sulfate and Aerosol Toxicity, Environ. Sci. Technol., 51,
2611–2620, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b06151, 2017.
Fitzgerald, E., Ault, A. P., Zauscher, M. D., Mayol-Bracero, O. L., and
Prather, K. A.: Comparison of the mixing state of long-range transported
Asian and African mineral dust, Atmos. Environ., 115, 19–25, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.04.031, 2015.
Formenti, P., Schütz, L., Balkanski, Y., Desboeufs, K., Ebert, M., Kandler, K., Petzold, A., Scheuvens, D., Weinbruch, S., and Zhang, D.: Recent progress in understanding physical and chemical properties of African and Asian mineral dust, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 8231–8256, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-8231-2011, 2011.
Friese, E. and Ebel, A.: Temperature dependent thermodynamic model of the
system
H+–NH
Gledhill, M. and Buck, K. N.: The organic complexation of iron in the
marine environment: a review, Front. Microbiol., 3, 69, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2012.00069, 2012.
Graber, E. R. and Rudich, Y.: Atmospheric HULIS: How humic-like are they? A comprehensive and critical review, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 729–753, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-729-2006, 2006.
Guo, H., Nenes, A., and Weber, R. J.: The underappreciated role of nonvolatile cations in aerosol ammonium-sulfate molar ratios, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 17307–17323, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-17307-2018, 2018.
Hagvall, K., Persson, P., and Karlsson, T.: Speciation of aluminum in soils
and stream waters: The impaortance of organic matter, Chem. Geol., 417,
32–43, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.09.012, 2015.
Hamilton, D. S., Scanza, R. A., Feng, Y., Guinness, J., Kok, J. F., Li, L., Liu, X., Rathod, S. D., Wan, J. S., Wu, M., and Mahowald, N. M.: Improved methodologies for Earth system modelling of atmospheric soluble iron and observation comparisons using the Mechanism of Intermediate complexity for Modelling Iron (MIMI v1.0), Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 3835–3862, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-3835-2019, 2019.
Herrmann, H., Schaefer, T., Tilgner, A., Styler, S. A., Weller, C., Teich,
M., and Otto, T.: Tropospheric aqueous-phase chemistry: Kinetics,
mechanisms, and its coupling to changing gas phase, Chem. Rev., 115,
4259–4334, https://doi.org/10.1021/cr500447k, 2015.
Hsieh, C. C., Chen, H. Y., and Ho, T. Y.: The effect of aerosol size on Fe
solubility and deposition flux: A case study in the East China Sea, Mar.
Chem., 241, 104106, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2022.104106, 2022.
Ildefonse, P., Cabaret, D., Sainctavit, P., Calas, G., Flank, A. M., and
Lagarde, P.: Aluminum X-ray absorption near edge structure in model
compounds and Earth's surface minerals, Phys. Chem. Miner., 25, 112–121,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s002690050093, 1998.
Inomata, Y., Ohizumi, T., Take, N., Sato, K., and Nishikawa, M.: Transboundary
transport of anthropogenic sulfur PM2.5 at a coastal site in the Sea of
Japan as studied by sulfur isotopic ration measurement, Sci. Total.
Environ., 553, 617–625, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.139, 2016.
Ito, A.: Atmospheric processing of combustion aerosols as source of
bioavailable iron, Environ. Sci. Tech. Let., 2, 70–75, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5b00007, 2015.
Ito, A. and Shi, Z.: Delivery of anthropogenic bioavailable iron from mineral dust and combustion aerosols to the ocean, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 85–99, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-85-2016, 2016.
Jeong, G. Y. and Nousiainen, T.: TEM analysis of the internal structures and mineralogy of Asian dust particles and the implications for optical modeling, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 7233–7254, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-7233-2014, 2014.
Jickells, T. D., An, Z. S., Andersen, K. K., Baker, A. R., Bergametti, G.,
Brooks, N., Cao, J. J., Boyd, P. W., Duce, R. A., Hunter, K. A., Kawahata,
H., Kubilay, N., laRoche, J., Liss, P. S., Mahowald, N., Prospero, J. M.,
Ridgwell, A. J., Tegen, I., and Torres, R.: Global iron connections between
desert dust, ocean biogeochemistry, and climate, Science, 308, 67–71,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1105959, 2005.
Kawamura, K. and Bikkina, S.: A review of dicarboxylic acids and related
compounds in atmospheric aerosols: Molecular distributions, sources, and
transformation, Atmos. Res., 170, 140–160, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2015.11.018, 2016.
Kim, H. J., Lee, T., Park, T., Park, G., Collett Jr., J. L., Park, K., Ahn,
J. Y., Ban, J., Kang, S., Kim, K., Park, S. M., Jho, E. H., and Choi, Y.:
Ship-borne observations of sea fog and rain chemistry over the North and
South Pacific Ocean, J. Atmos. Chem. 76, 315–326, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10874-020-09403-8, 2019.
Kandler, K., Lieke, K., Benker, N., Emmel, C., Küpper, M.,
Müller-Ebert, D., Ebert, M., Scheuvens, D., Scladitz, A., Schütz,
L., and Weinbrunch, S.: Electron microscopy of particles collected at Praia,
Cape Verde, during the Saharan mineral dust experiment: particle chemistry,
shape, mixing state and complex refractive index, Tellus B, 63, 475–496,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2011.00550.x, 2017.
Knopf, D. A., Charnawskas, J. C., Wang, P., Wong, B., Tomlin, J. M., Jankowski, K. A., Fraund, M., Veghte, D. P., China, S., Laskin, A., Moffet, R. C., Gilles, M. K., Aller, J. Y., Marcus, M. A., Raveh-Rubin, S., and Wang, J.: Micro-spectroscopic and freezing characterization of ice-nucleating particles collected in the marine boundary layer in the eastern North Atlantic, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5377–5398, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5377-2022, 2022.
Kurisu, M., Takahashi, Y., Iizuka, T., and Uematsu, M.: Very low isotope
ratio of iron in fien aerosols related to its contribution to the surface
ocean, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 121, 11119–11136, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD024957, 2016.
Kurisu, M., Adachi, K., Sakata, K., and Takahashi, Y.: Stable isotope ratios
of combustion iron produced by evaporation in a steel plant, ACS Earth Space
Chem., 3, 588–598, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.8b00171, 2019.
Kurisu, M., Sakata, K., Uematsu, M., Ito, A., and Takahashi, Y.: Contribution of combustion Fe in marine aerosols over the northwestern Pacific estimated by Fe stable isotope ratios, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16027–16050, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16027-2021, 2021.
Kwak, N., Lee, H., Maeng, H., Seo, A., Lee, K., Kim, S., Lee, M., Cham J. W., Shin, B., and Park, K.: Morphological and chemical classification of fine particles over the Yellow Sea during spring, 2015–2018, Environ, Pollut., 305, 119286, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119286, 2022.
Li, J., Michalski, G., Davy, P., Harvey, M., Katzman, T., and Wilkins, B.:
Investigating source contributions of size-aggregated aerosols collected in
Southern Ocean and Baring Head, New Zealand using sulfur isotopes, Geophys.
Res. Lett., 45, 3717–3727, https://doi.org/10.1002/2018GL077353, 2018.
Li, W. and Shao, L.: Transmission electron microscopy study of aerosol
particles from the brown hazes in northern China, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.,
114, D09302, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JD011285, 2009.
Li, W., Xu, L., Liu, X., Zhang, J., Lin, Y., Yao, X., Gao, H., Zhang, D.,
Chen, J., Wang, W., Harrison, R. M., Zhang, X., Shao, L., Fu, P., Nenes, A.,
and Shi, Z.: Air pollution-aerosol interactions produce more bioavailable
iron for ocean ecosystems, Sci. Adv., 3, e1601749, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1601749, 2017.
Longo, A. F., Feng, Y., Lai, B., Landing, W. M., Shelley, R. U., Nenes, A.,
Mihalopoulos, N., Violaki, K., and Ingall, E. D.: Influnence of atmopheric
processes on the solubiility and composition of iron in Saharan dust,
Environ. Sci. Technol., 50, 6912–6920, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b02605, 2016.
Mackie, D. S., Boyd, P. W., Hunter, K. A., and McTainhsh, G. H.: Simulating
the cloud processing of iron in Australian dust: pH and dust concentration,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L06809, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GL022122, 2005.
Mahowald, N. M., Hamilton, D. S., Mackey, K. R. M., Moore, J. K., Baker, A.
R., Scanza, R. A., and Zhang, Y.: Aerosol trace metal leaching and impacts on
marine microorganisms, Nat. Commun., 9, 1–15, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04970-7, 2018.
Martin, J. H. and Fitzwater, S. E.: Iron deficiency limits phytoplankton
growth in the north-west Pacific subarctic, Nature, 331, 341–343,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1105959, 1988.
Maters, E. C., Delmelle, P., and Bonneville, S.: Atmospheric processing of
volcanic glass: Effects on iron solubility and redox speciation, Environ.
Sci. Technol., 50, 5033–5040, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b06281, 2016.
Matsuki, A., Iwasaka, Y., Shi, G., Zhang, D., Trochkine, D., Yamada, M.,
Kim, Y. S., Chen, B., Nagatani, T., Miyazawa, T., Nagatani, M., and Nakata,
H.: Morphological and chemical modification of mineral dust: Observational
insight into the heterogeneous uptake of acidic gases, Geophys. Res. Lett.,
32, L22806, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GL024176, 2005.
Meskhidze, N., Hurley, D., Royalty, T. M., and Johnson, M. S.: Potential
effect of atmospheric dissolved organic carbon on the iron solubility in
seawater, Mar. Chem., 194, 124–132, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2017.05.011, 2017.
Meskhidze, N., Völker, C.: Al-Abadleh, H. A., Barbeau, K., Bressac, M.,
Buck, C., Bundy, R. M., Croot, P., Feng, Y., Ito, A., Johansen, A. M.,
Landing, W. M., Mao, J., Myriokefalitakis, S., Ohnemus, D., Pasquier, B.,
and Ye, Y.: Perspective on identifying and characterizaing the process
controlling iron speciation and residence time at the atmisohere-ocean
interface, Mar. Chem., 217, 103704, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2019.103704, 2019.
Miyamoto, C., Sakata, K., Yamakawa, Y., and Takahashi, Y.: Determination of
calcium and sulfate species in aerosols associated with the conversion of
its species through reaction processes in the atmosphere and its influence
on cloud condensation nuclie activation, Atmos. Environ., 223, 117193,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.117193, 2020.
Mochida, M., Kitamori, Y., and Kawamura, K.: Fatty acids in the marine
atmosphere: Factors governing their concentrations and evaluation of organic
films on sea-salt particles, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 4325, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001278, 2002.
Moffet, R. C., Furutani, H., Rödel, T. C., Henn, T. R., Sprau, P. O.,
Laskin, A., Uematsu, M., and Gilles, M. K.: Iron speciation and mixing in
single aerosols particles from the Asian continetal outflow, J. Geophys.
Res., 117, D07204, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016746, 2012.
Moore, C. M., Mills, M. M., Arrigo, K. R., Berman-Frank, I., Bopp, L., Boyd,
P. W., Galbraith, E. D., Geider, R. J., Guieu, C., Jaccard, S. L., Jickells,
T. D., La Roche, J., Lenton, T. M., Mahowald, N. M., Marañón, E.,
Marinov, I., Moore, J. K., Nakatsuka, T., Oschlies, A., Saito, M. A.,
Thingsted, T. F., Tsuda, A., and Ulloa, O.: Processes and patterns of
oceanic nutrient limitation, Nat. Geosci., 6, 701–710, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1765, 2013.
Mori, I., Sun, Z., Ukachi, M., Nagano, K., McLeod, C. Q., Cox, A. G., and
Nishikawa, M.: Development and certification of the new NIES CRM 28: urban
aerosols for the determination of multielements, Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 391,
1997–2003, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-008-2076-y, 2008.
Nault, B. A., Campuzano-Jost, P., Day, D. A., Jo, D. S., Schroder, J. C.,
Allen, H. M., Bahreini, R., Bian, H., Blake, D. R., Chin, M., Clegg, S. L.,
Colarco, P. R., Crounse, J. D., Cubison, M. J., DeCarlo, P. F., Dibb, J. E.,
Diskin, G. S., Hodzic, A., Hu, W., Katich, J. M., Kim, M. J., Kodros, J. K.,
Kupc, A., Lopez-Hilfiker, F. D., Marais, E., Middlebrook, A. M., Neuman, J.
A., Nowak, J. B., Palm, B. B., Paulot, F., Pierce, J. R., Schill, G. P.,
Scheuer, E., Thornton, J. A., Tsigaridis, K., Wennberg, P. O., Willamson, C.
J., and Jimenez, J. L.: Chemical transport models often underestimate
inorganic aerosol acidity in remote regions of the atmosphere, Commun. Earth
Environ., 2, 93, https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-021-00164-0,
2021.
Niimura, N., Okada, K., Fan, X. B., Lai, K., Arao, K., Shi, G. Y., and Takahashi, S.: Formation of Asian dust-storm particles mixed internally with sea salt in the atmosphere, J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn., 76, 275–288, https://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj1965.76.2_275, 1998.
Nomura, M. and Koyama, A.: Performance of beamline with a pair of bent
conical mirrors, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A, 467–468, 733–736,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(01)00482-X, 2001.
Nriagu, J. O. and Pacyna, J. M.: Quantitative assessment of worldwide
contamination of air, water and soils by trace metals, Nature, 333,
134–139, https://doi.org/10.1038/333134a0, 1988.
Oakes, M., Ingall, E. D., Lai, B., Shafer, M. M., Hays, M. D., Liu, Z. G.,
Russell, A. G., and Weber, R. J.: Iron solubility related to particle sulfur
content in source emission and ambient fine particles, Environ. Sci.
Technol., 46, 6637–6644, https://doi.org/10.1021/es300701c,
2012a.
Oakes, M., Weber, R. J., Lai, B., Russell, A., and Ingall, E. D.: Characterization of iron speciation in urban and rural single particles using XANES spectroscopy and micro X-ray fluorescence measurements: investigating the relationship between speciation and fractional iron solubility, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 745–756, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-745-2012, 2012b.
Okada, K., Naruse, H., Tanaka, T., Nemoto, O., Iwasaka, Y., Wu, P. M., Ono, A., Duce, R. A., Uematsu, M., and Merrill, J. T.: X-ray spectrometry of individual Asian dust-storm particles over the Japanese islands and the North https://doi.org/10.1016/0960-1686(90)90043-M, 1990.
Paris, R. and Desboeufs, K. V.: Effect of atmospheric organic complexation on iron-bearing dust solubility, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 4895–4905, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-4895-2013, 2013.
Paulot, F., Jacob, D. J., Johnson, M. T., Bell, T. G., Baker, A. R., Keene,
W. C., Lima, I. D., Doney, S. C., and Stock, C. A.: Global oceanic emission
of ammonia: Constraints from seawater and atmospheric observations, Global
Biogeochem. Cy., 29, 1165–1178, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GB005106, 2015.
Prather, K. A., Bertram, T. H., Grassian, V. H., Deane, G. B., Stokes, M.
D., DeMott, P. J., Aluwihare, L. I., Palenik, B. P., Azam, F., Seinfeld, J.
H., Moffet, R. C., Molina, M. J., Cappa, C. D., Geiger, F. M., Roberts, G.
C., Russell, L. M., Ault, A. P., Baltrusaitis, J., Collings, D. B.,
Corrigan, C. E., Cuadra-Rodriguez, L. A., Ebben, C. J., Forestieri, S. D.,
Guasco, T. J., Hersey, S. P., Kim, M. J., Lambert, W. F., Modini, R. L.,
Mui, W., Pedler, B. E., Ruppel, M. J., Ryder, O. S., Schoepp, N. G.,
Sullivan, R. C., and Zhao, D.: Bringing the ocean into the laboratory to
probe the chemical complexity of sea spray aerosol, P. Natl. Acad. Sci.
USA, 110, 7550–7555, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1300262110, 2013.
Pruppacher, H. R. and Jaenicke, R.: The processing of water vapor and
aerosols by atmospheric clouds, a global estimate, Atmos. Res., 28, 283–295, https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-8095(94)00098-X, 1995.
Sakata, K., Sakaguhci, A., Tanimizu, M., Takaku, Y., Yokoyama, Y., and
Takahashi, Y.: Identification of sources of lead in the atmosphere using
X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy, J. Environ. Sci.,
26, 343–352, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1001-0742(13)60430-1,
2014.
Sakata, K., Kurisu, M., Tanimoto, H., Sakaguchi, A., Uematsu, M., Miyamoto,
C., and Takahashi, Y.: Custom-made PTFE filters for ultra-clean
size-fractionated aerosol sampling for trace metals, Mar. Chem., 206,
100–108, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2018.09.009, 2018.
Sakata, K., Takahashi, Y., Takano, S., Matsuki, A., Sakaguchi, A., and Tanimoto,
H.: First X-ray spectroscopic observations of atmospheric titanium species:
size dependence and the emission source, Environ. Sci. Technol., 55,
10975–10986, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c02000, 2021.
Sakata, M., Kurata, M., and Tanaka, N.: Estimating contribution from
municipal solid waste incineration to trace metal concentrations in Japanese
urban atmosphere using lead as a marker element, Geochem. J., 34, 23–32,
https://doi.org/10.2343/geochemj.34.23, 2000.
Salazar, J. R., Pfotenhauer, D. J., Leresche, F., Rosario-Ortiz, F. L.,
Hannigan, M. P., Fakra, S. C., and Majestic, B. J.: Iron speciation in
PM2.5 from urban, agriculture, and mixed environments in Colorado, USA,
Earth Space Sci., 7, e2020EA001262, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EA001262, 2020.
Salma, I. and Láng, G. G.: How many carboxyl groups does an average molecule of humic-like substances contain?, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 5997–6002, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-5997-2008, 2008.
Samburova, V., Didenko, T., Kunenkov, E., Emmenegger, C., Zenobi, R., and
Kalbere, M.: Functional group analysis of high-molecular weight compounds in
the water-soluble fraction of organic aerosols, Atmos. Environ., 41,
4703–4710, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.03.033,
2007.
Santander, M. V., Mitts, B. A., Pendergraft, M. A., Dinasquet, J., Lee, C.,
Moore, A. N., Cancelada, L. B., Kimble, K. A., Malfatti, F., and Prather, K. A.:
Tandem fluorescence measurements of organic matter and bacteria released in
sea spray aerosols, Environ. Sci. Technol., 55, 5171–5179, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c05493, 2021.
Schlitzer, R.: Ocean Data View, https://odv.awi.de (last access: 19 July 2022), 2021.
Schroth, A. W., Crusius, J., Sholkovitz, E. R., and Bostick, B. C.: Iron
solubility driven by speciation in dust sources to the ocean, Nat.
Geosci., 2, 337–340, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo501, 2009.
Sedwick, P. N., Sholkovitz, E. R., and Chirch, T. M.: Impact of
anthropogenic combustion emissions on the fractional solubility of aerosol
iron: Evidence from the Sargasso Sea, Geochem. Geophy. Geosy., 8,
Q10Q06, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GC001586, 2007.
Shah, V., Jacob, D. J., Moch, J. M., Wang, X., and Zhai, S.: Global modeling of cloud water acidity, precipitation acidity, and acid inputs to ecosystems, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 12223–12245, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-12223-2020, 2020.
Shaw, S. A., Peak, D., and Hendry, M. J.: Investigation of acidic dissolution of
mixed clays between pH 1.0 and −3.0 using Si and Al X-ray absorption near
edge structure, Geochim. Comochim. Ac., 73, 4151–4165, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.04.004, 2009.
Shelley, R. U., Landing, W. M., Ussher, S. J., Planquette, H., and Sarthou, G.: Regional trends in the fractional solubility of Fe and other metals from North Atlantic aerosols (GEOTRACES cruises GA01 and GA03) following a two-stage leach, Biogeosciences, 15, 2271–2288, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2271-2018, 2018.
Shi, Z., Krom, M. D., and Bonneville, S.: Formation of iron nanoparticles
and increases in iron reactivity in mineral dust during simulated cloud
processing, Envrion. Sci. Technol., 43, 6592–6596, https://doi.org/10.1021/es901294g, 2009.
Shi, Z., Bonneville, S., Krom, M. D., Carslaw, K. S., Jickells, T. D., Baker, A. R., and Benning, L. G.: Iron dissolution kinetics of mineral dust at low pH during simulated atmospheric processing, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 995–1007, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-995-2011, 2011.
Shi, Z., Krom, M. D., Bonneville, S., and Benning, L. G.: Atmospheric
processing outside clouds increases solubile iron in mineral dust, Environ.
Sci. Technol., 49, 1472–1477, https://doi.org/10.1021/es504623x, 2015.
Sholkovitz, E. R., Sedwick, P. N., and Chrch, T. M.: Influence of
anthropogenic combustion emissions on the deposition of soluble aerosol iron
to the ocean: Empirical estimates for island sites in the North Atlantic,
Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 73, 3981–4003, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.04.029, 2009.
Spokes, L., Jickells, T. D., and Lim, B.: Solubilisation of aerosol trace
metals by cloud processing: A laboratory study, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac.,
58, 3281–3287, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(94)90056-6, 1994.
Spranger, T., van Pinxteren, D., and Herrman, H.: Atmospheric “HULIS” in
different environments: Polarities, molecular sizes, and sources suggest
more then 50 % are not “humic-like”, ACS Earth Space Chem., 4, 272–282, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.9b00299, 2020.
Stein, A. F., Draxler, R. R., Rolph, G. D., Stunder, B. J. B., Cohen, M. D.,
and Ngan, F.: Noaa's hysplit atmospheric transport and dispersion modeling
system, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 96, 2059–2077, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00110.1, 2015.
Straub, D. J., Lee, T., and Collett, J. L.: Chemical composition of marine
stratocumulus clouds over the eastern Pacific Ocean, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.,
112, D04307, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007439, 2007.
Sullivan, R. C., Guazzotti, S. A., Sodeman, D. A., and Prather, K. A.: Direct observations of the atmospheric processing of Asian mineral dust, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 1213–1236, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-1213-2007, 2007.
Sullivan, T. S., Ramkissoon, S., Garrison, V. H., Ramsubhag, A., and Thies,
J. E.: Siderohore production of African dust microorganisms over Trinidad
and Tobago, Aerobiologia, 28, 391–401, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10453-011-9243-x, 2012.
Takahashi, Y., Miyoshi, T., Yabuki, S., Inada, Y., and Shimizu, H.:
Observation of transformation of calcite to gypsum in mineral aerosols by Ca
K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES), Atmos. Environ., 42,
6535–6541, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.04.012,
2008.
Takahashi, Y., Higashi, M., Furukawa, T., and Mitsunobu, S.: Change of iron species and iron solubility in Asian dust during the long-range transport from western China to Japan, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 11237–11252, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-11237-2011, 2011.
Takahashi, Y., Furukawa, T., Kanai, Y., Uematsu, M., Zheng, G., and Marcus, M. A.: Seasonal changes in Fe species and soluble Fe concentration in the atmosphere in the Northwest Pacific region based on the analysis of aerosols collected in Tsukuba, Japan, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 7695–7710, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-7695-2013, 2013.
Takeichi, Y., Inami, N., Suga, H., Miyamoto, C., Ueno, T., Mases, K.,
Takahashi, Y., and Ono, K.: Design and performance of a compact scanning
transmission X-ray microscope at the Photon Factory, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 87,
013704, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4940409, 2016.
Tao, Y. and Murphy, J. G.: The mechanisms responsible for the interactions
among oxalate, pH and Fe dissolution in PM2.5, ACS Earth Space Chem.,
3, 2259–2265, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.9b00172, 2019.
Taylor, S. R.: Abundance of chemical elements in the continental crust: a
new table,
Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 28, 1273–1285, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(64)90129-2, 1964.
Vinatier, V., Wirgot, N., Joly, M., Sancelme, M., Abrantes, M., Deguillaume,
L., and Delort, A. M.: Sidreophore in cloud waters and potential impact on
atmospheric chemistry: Production by microorganisms isolated at the Puy de
Dôme station, Environ. Sci. Technol., 50, 9315–9323, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b02335, 2016.
Wagner, T., Guieu, C., Losno, R., Bonnet, S., and Mahowald, N.: Revisiting
atmospheric dust export to the Southern Hemisphere ocecan: biogeochemical
implications, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 22, GB2006, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GB002984, 2008.
Wang, Z., Fu, H., Zhang, L., Song, W., and Chen, J.: Ligand-promoted
photoreductive dissolution of goethite by atmospheric low-molecular
dicarboxylates, J. Phys. Chem. A, 121, 1647–1656, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.6b09160, 2017.
Wilson, T. W., Ladino, L. A., Alpert, P. A., Breckels, M. N., Brooks, I. M.,
Browse, J., Burrows, S. M., Carslaw, K. S., Huffman, J. A., Judd, C.,
Kilthau, W. P., Mason, R. H., McFiggans, G., Miller, L. A., Nájera, J.
J., Polishchuk, E., Rae, S., Schiller, C. L., Si, M., Temprado, J. V.,
Whale, T. F., Wong, J. P. S., Wurl, O., Yakobi-Hancock, J. D., Abbatt, J. P.
D., Aller, J. Y., Bertram, A. K., Knopf, D. A., and Murray, B. J.: A marine
biogenic source of atmospheric ice-nucleating particles, Nature, 525,
234–238, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14986, 2015.
Wong, J. P. S., Yang, Y., Fang, T., Mulholland, J. A., Russell, A. G.,
Ebelt, S., Nenes, A., and Weber, R. J.: Fine paticle iron in soils and road dust
is modulated by coal-fired power plant sulfur, Environ. Sci. Technol., 54,
7088–7096, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c00483, 2020.
Wozniak, A. S., Shelley, R. U., Sleighter, R. L., Abdulla, H. A. N., Morton,
P. L., Landing, W. M., and Hatcher, P. G.: Relationships among aerosol water
soluble organic matter, iron and aluminum in European, North African, and
marine air masses from the 2010 US GEOTRACES cruise, Mar. Chem., 154,
24–33, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2013.04.011, 2013.
Wozniak, A. S., Shelley, R. U., McElhenie, S. D., Landing, W. M., and
Hatcher, P. G.: Aerosol water soluble organic matter characteristics over
the North Atlantic Ocean: Implications for iron-binding ligands and iron
solubility, Mar. Chem., 173, 162–172, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2014.11.002, 2015.
Yao, X., Fang, M., and Chan, C. K.: Size distributions and formation of
dicarboxylic acids in atmospheric particles, Atmos. Environ., 36,
2099–2107, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00230-3,
2002.
Zhang, H., Li, R., Dong, S., Wang, F., Zhu, Y., Meng, H., Huang, C., Ren,
Y., Wang, X., Hu, X., Li, T., Peng, C., Zhang, G., Xue, L., Wang, X., and
Tang, M.: Abundance and fractional solubility of aerosol iron during winter
at a coastal city in northern China: Similarities and contrasts between fine
and coarse particles, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 127, e2021JD036070, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD036070, 2022.
Short summary
Iron (Fe) species in size-fractionated aerosol particles collected in the western Pacific Ocean were determined to identify factors controlling fractional Fe solubility. We found that labile Fe was mainly present in submicron aerosol particles, and the Fe species were ferric organic complexes combined with humic-like substances (Fe(III)-HULIS). The Fe(III)-HULIS was formed by atmospheric processes. Thus, atmospheric processes play a significant role in controlling Fe solubility.
Iron (Fe) species in size-fractionated aerosol particles collected in the western Pacific Ocean...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint