Articles | Volume 22, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1015-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1015-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Measurement report
| 
21 Jan 2022
Measurement report |
| 21 Jan 2022
| 21 Jan 2022
Measurement report: Long-term variations in surface NOx and SO2 mixing ratios from 2006 to 2016 at a background site in the Yangtze River Delta region, China
Qingqing Yin
Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas, Minzu
University of China, National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081,
China
Qianli Ma
Lin'an Atmosphere Background National Observation and Research Station,
Zhejiang Meteorological Service, Hangzhou 311307, China
Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas, Minzu
University of China, National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081,
China
Xiaobin Xu
Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry, Chinese Academy of
Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Jie Yao
Lin'an Atmosphere Background National Observation and Research Station,
Zhejiang Meteorological Service, Hangzhou 311307, China
Related authors
No articles found.
Xiao Lu, Yiming Liu, Jiayin Su, Xiang Weng, Tabish Ansari, Yuqiang Zhang, Guowen He, Yuqi Zhu, Haolin Wang, Ganquan Zeng, Jingyu Li, Cheng He, Shuai Li, Teerachai Amnuaylojaroen, Tim Butler, Qi Fan, Shaojia Fan, Grant L. Forster, Meng Gao, Jianlin Hu, Yugo Kanaya, Mohd Talib Latif, Keding Lu, Philippe Nédélec, Peer Nowack, Bastien Sauvage, Xiaobin Xu, Lin Zhang, Ke Li, Ja-Ho Koo, and Tatsuya Nagashima
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 7991–8028, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7991-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7991-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study analyzes summertime ozone trends in East and Southeast Asia derived from a comprehensive observational database spanning from 1995 to 2019, incorporating aircraft observations, ozonesonde data, and measurements from 2500 surface sites. Multiple models are applied to attribute to changes in anthropogenic emissions and climate. The results highlight that increases in anthropogenic emissions are the primary driver of ozone increases both in the free troposphere and at the surface.
Gang Zhao, Ping Tian, Chunxiang Ye, Weili Lin, Yicheng Gao, Jie Sun, Yi Chen, Fengjun Shen, and Tong Zhu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3012, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3012, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding aerosol size distribution helps us predict how aerosols move, grow, and interact with the environment and climate. We used "maximum entropy" to demonstrate that the aerosol particle number size distribution would follow the Weibull distribution in the clean atmosphere during the new particle formation and growth process. The observations showed good consistency with the theoretical analysis.
Tiantian Zhang, Peng Zuo, Yi Chen, Tong Liu, Linghan Zeng, Weili Lin, and Chunxiang Ye
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2210, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2210, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
During the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, we conducted field observations of N2O5. By comparing pre- and post-Olympic pollutant levels, we evaluated the impact of emission reductions on nocturnal chemistry. The results showed that the reactivity of nitric oxide (NO) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with NO3 decreased, and that the heterogeneous uptake of N2O5 played a critical role in nocturnal nitrate formation.
Chenghao Xu, Jintai Lin, Hao Kong, Junli Jin, Lulu Chen, and Xiaobin Xu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3471, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3471, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We observed a strong increase in deseasonalized ozone at urban stations on the Tibetan Plateau from 2015 to 2019, far exceeding the trend at the baseline station Waliguan and the Tibet Plateau average trend of four tropospheric ozone products. By combining multiple datasets and modeling approaches, we identified the main contributing factors as more frequent transport passing through the lower layers of high-emission regions and the rapid increase in anthropogenic nitrogen oxide emissions.
Xiaoyi Zhang, Wanyun Xu, Weili Lin, Gen Zhang, Jinjian Geng, Li Zhou, Huarong Zhao, Sanxue Ren, Guangsheng Zhou, Jianmin Chen, and Xiaobin Xu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12323–12340, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12323-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12323-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ozone (O3) deposition is a key process that removes surface O3, affecting air quality, ecosystems and climate change. We conducted O3 deposition measurement over a wheat canopy using a newly relaxed eddy accumulation flux system. Large variabilities in O3 deposition were detected, mainly determined by crop growth and modulated by various environmental factors. More O3 deposition observations over different surfaces are needed for exploring deposition mechanisms and model optimization.
Ziru Lan, Xiaoyi Zhang, Weili Lin, Xiaobin Xu, Zhiqiang Ma, Jun Jin, Lingyan Wu, and Yangmei Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 9355–9368, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9355-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9355-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Our study examined the long-term trends of atmospheric ammonia in urban Beijing from 2009 to 2020. We found that the trends did not match satellite data or emission estimates, revealing complexities in ammonia sources. While seasonal variations in ammonia were temperature-dependent, daily variations were correlated with water vapor. We also found an increasing contribution of ammonia reduction, emphasizing its importance in mitigating the effects of fine particulate matter in Beijing.
Xiangdong Zheng, Wen Yang, Yuting Sun, Chunmei Geng, Yingying Liu, and Xiaobin Xu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3759–3768, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3759-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3759-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Chen et al. (2022) attributed the nocturnal ozone enhancement (NOE) during the night of 31 July 2021 in the North China Plain (NCP) to "the direct stratospheric intrusion to reach the surface". We analyzed in situ data from the NCP. Our results do not suggest that there was a significant impact from the stratosphere on surface ozone during the NOE. We argue that the NOE was not caused by stratospheric intrusion but originated from fresh photochemical production in the lower troposphere.
Shuzheng Guo, Chunxiang Ye, Weili Lin, Yi Chen, Limin Zeng, Xuena Yu, Jinhui Cui, Chong Zhang, Jing Duan, Haobin Zhong, Rujin Huang, Xuguang Chi, Wei Nie, and Aijun Ding
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-262, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-262, 2024
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
@Tibet field campaigns 2021 discovered surprisingly high levels and activity contributions of oxygenated volatile organic compounds on the southeast of the Tibetan Plateau, which suggests that OVOCs may play a larger role in the chemical reactions that occur in high-altitude regions than previously thought.
Jiyuan Yang, Guoyang Lei, Jinfeng Zhu, Yutong Wu, Chang Liu, Kai Hu, Junsong Bao, Zitong Zhang, Weili Lin, and Jun Jin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 123–136, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-123-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-123-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The atmospheric pollution and formation mechanisms of particulate-bound alkyl nitrate in Beijing were studied. C9–C16 long-chain n-alkyl nitrates negatively correlated with O3 but positively correlated with PM2.5 and NO2, so they may not be produced during gas-phase homogeneous reactions in the photochemical process but form through reactions between alkanes and nitrates on PM surfaces. Particulate-bound n-alkyl nitrates strongly affect both haze pollution and atmospheric visibility.
Chunxiang Ye, Shuzheng Guo, Weili Lin, Fangjie Tian, Jianshu Wang, Chong Zhang, Suzhen Chi, Yi Chen, Yingjie Zhang, Limin Zeng, Xin Li, Duo Bu, Jiacheng Zhou, and Weixiong Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10383–10397, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10383-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10383-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Online volatile organic compound (VOC) measurements by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, with other O3 precursors, were used to identify key VOC and other key sources in Lhasa. Total VOCs (TVOCs), alkanes, and aromatics are half as abundant as in Beijing. Oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs) consist of 52 % of the TVOCs. Alkenes and OVOCs account for 80 % of the ozone formation potential. Aromatics dominate secondary organic aerosol potential. Positive matrix factorization decomposed residential sources.
Yaru Wang, Yi Chen, Suzhen Chi, Jianshu Wang, Chong Zhang, Weixiong Zhao, Weili Lin, and Chunxiang Ye
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2023-192, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2023-192, 2023
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
We reported an optimized system (Mea-OPR) for direct measurement of ozone production rate, which showed a precise, sensitive and reliable measurement of OPR for at least urban and suburban atmosphere, and active O3 photochemical production in winter Beijing. Herein, the Mea-OPR system also shows its potential in exploring the fundamental O3 photochemistry, i.e., surprisingly high ozone production even under high-NOx conditions.
Wanyun Xu, Yuxuan Bian, Weili Lin, Yingjie Zhang, Yaru Wang, Zhiqiang Ma, Xiaoyi Zhang, Gen Zhang, Chunxiang Ye, and Xiaobin Xu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7635–7652, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7635-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7635-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Tropospheric ozone (O3) and peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) are both photochemical pollutants harmful to the ecological environment and human health, especially in the Tibetan Plateau (TP). However, the factors determining their variations in the TP have not been comprehensively investigated. Results from field measurements and observation-based models revealed that day-to-day variations in O3 and PAN were in fact controlled by distinct physiochemical processes.
Jiyuan Yang, Guoyang Lei, Chang Liu, Yutong Wu, Kai Hu, Jinfeng Zhu, Junsong Bao, Weili Lin, and Jun Jin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3015–3029, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3015-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3015-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The characteristics of n-alkanes and the contributions of various sources of PM2.5 in the atmosphere in Beijing were studied. There were marked seasonal and diurnal differences in the n-alkane concentrations (p<0.01). Particulate-bound n-alkanes were supplied by anthropogenic and biogenic sources; fossil fuel combustion was the dominant contributor. Vehicle exhausts strongly affect PM2.5 pollution. Controlling vehicle exhaust emissions is key to control n-alkane and PM2.5 pollution in Beijing.
Chenhong Zhou, Fan Wang, Yike Guo, Cheng Liu, Dongsheng Ji, Yuesi Wang, Xiaobin Xu, Xiao Lu, Yan Wang, Gregory Carmichael, and Meng Gao
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2022-187, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2022-187, 2022
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
We develop an eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model integrating high-resolution meteorological data, satellite retrievals of trace gases, etc. to provide reconstructed daily ground-level O3 over 2005–2021 in China. It can facilitate climatological, ecological, and health research. The dataset is freely available at Zenodo (https://zenodo.org/record/6507706#.Yo8hKujP13g; Zhou, 2022).
Xueli Liu, Liang Ran, Weili Lin, Xiaobin Xu, Zhiqiang Ma, Fan Dong, Di He, Liyan Zhou, Qingfeng Shi, and Yao Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 7071–7085, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7071-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7071-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Significant decreases in annual mean NOx from 2011 to 2016 and SO2 from 2008 to 2016 confirm the effectiveness of relevant control measures on the reduction in NOx and SO2 emissions in the North China Plain (NCP). NOx at SDZ had a weaker influence than SO2 on the emission reduction in Beijing and other areas in the NCP. An increase in the number of motor vehicles and weak traffic restrictions have caused vehicle emissions of NOx, which indicates that NOx emission control should be strengthened.
Ziru Lan, Weili Lin, Weiwei Pu, and Zhiqiang Ma
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 4561–4573, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4561-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4561-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Haze related to particulate matter has become a big problem in eastern China, and ammonia (NH3) plays an important role in secondary particulate matter formation. In this work, variations in the NH3 mixing ratio showed that the contributions of NH3 sources and sinks in urban and suburban areas were quite different, although the areas were under the influence of similar weather systems. This study furthers the understanding of the behavior of NH3 in a megacity environment.
Weili Lin, Feng Wang, Chunxiang Ye, and Tong Zhu
The Cryosphere Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2021-32, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2021-32, 2021
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
Field observations found that released NOx on the glacier surface of the Tibetan Plateau, an important snow-covered region in the northern mid-latitudes, had a higher concentration than in Antarctic and Arctic regions. Such evidence, and such high fluxes as observed here on the Tibetan plateau is novel. That such high concentrations of nitrogen oxides can be found in remote areas is interesting and important for the oxidative budget of the boundary layer.
Yijing Chen, Qianli Ma, Weili Lin, Xiaobin Xu, Jie Yao, and Wei Gao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 15969–15982, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-15969-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-15969-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
CO is one of the major air pollutants. Our study showed that the long-term CO levels at a background station in one of the most developed areas of China decreased significantly and verified that this downward trend was attributed to the decrease in anthropogenic emissions, which indicated that the adopted pollution control policies were effective. Also, this decrease has an implication for the atmospheric chemistry considering the negative correlation between CO levels and OH radical's lifetime.
Tao Ma, Hiroshi Furutani, Fengkui Duan, Takashi Kimoto, Jingkun Jiang, Qiang Zhang, Xiaobin Xu, Ying Wang, Jian Gao, Guannan Geng, Meng Li, Shaojie Song, Yongliang Ma, Fei Che, Jie Wang, Lidan Zhu, Tao Huang, Michisato Toyoda, and Kebin He
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 5887–5897, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5887-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5887-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The formation mechanisms of organic matter and sulfate in winter haze in the North China Plain remain unclear. This paper presents the identification and quantification of hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) in PM2.5 in Beijing winter and elucidates the heterogeneous HMS chemistry in favorable winter haze conditions. We show that the HMS not only contributes a substantial mass of organic matter, but also leads to an overestimation of sulfate in conventional measurements.
Sinikka T. Lennartz, Christa A. Marandino, Marc von Hobe, Meinrat O. Andreae, Kazushi Aranami, Elliot Atlas, Max Berkelhammer, Heinz Bingemer, Dennis Booge, Gregory Cutter, Pau Cortes, Stefanie Kremser, Cliff S. Law, Andrew Marriner, Rafel Simó, Birgit Quack, Günther Uher, Huixiang Xie, and Xiaobin Xu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 591–609, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-591-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-591-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Sulfur-containing trace gases in the atmosphere influence atmospheric chemistry and the energy budget of the Earth by forming aerosols. The ocean is an important source of the most abundant sulfur gas in the atmosphere, carbonyl sulfide (OCS) and its most important precursor carbon disulfide (CS2). In order to assess global variability of the sea surface concentrations of both gases to calculate their oceanic emissions, we have compiled a database of existing shipborne measurements.
Wanyun Xu, Ye Kuang, Chunsheng Zhao, Jiangchuan Tao, Gang Zhao, Yuxuan Bian, Wen Yang, Yingli Yu, Chuanyang Shen, Linlin Liang, Gen Zhang, Weili Lin, and Xiaobin Xu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 10557–10570, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10557-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10557-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The study of HONO, the primary source of OH radicals, is crucial for atmospheric photochemistry and heterogeneous chemistry. Heterogeneous NO2 conversion was shown to be one of the missing sources of HONO on the North China Plain, but the reaction path is still under debate. In this work, evidence was found that NH3 was the key factor that promoted the hydrolysis of NO2, leading to the explosive growth of HONO and nitrate, suggesting that NH3 emission control measures are urgently needed.
Shaojie Song, Meng Gao, Weiqi Xu, Yele Sun, Douglas R. Worsnop, John T. Jayne, Yuzhong Zhang, Lei Zhu, Mei Li, Zhen Zhou, Chunlei Cheng, Yibing Lv, Ying Wang, Wei Peng, Xiaobin Xu, Nan Lin, Yuxuan Wang, Shuxiao Wang, J. William Munger, Daniel J. Jacob, and Michael B. McElroy
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 1357–1371, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1357-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1357-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Chemistry responsible for sulfate production in northern China winter haze remains mysterious. We propose a potentially key pathway through the reaction of formaldehyde and sulfur dioxide that has not been accounted for in previous studies. The special atmospheric conditions favor the formation and existence of their complex, hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS).
Ruijing Ni, Jintai Lin, Yingying Yan, and Weili Lin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 11447–11469, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11447-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11447-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
By integrating several modeling methods, we find considerable contributions of foreign anthropogenic emissions to surface ozone over China (2–11 ppb). For anthropogenic ozone over China, the foreign contribution is 40–50 % below 2 km and 85 % in the upper troposphere. For total foreign anthropogenic ozone over China, the portion of transboundary ozone produced within foreign emission source regions is less than 50 %, with the rest produced by precursors transported out of those source regions.
Xiaobin Xu, Hualong Zhang, Weili Lin, Ying Wang, Wanyun Xu, and Shihui Jia
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 5199–5217, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5199-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5199-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We present the first simultaneous PAN and O3 measurements from the central Tibetan Plateau. Both gases showed unique diurnal cycles with steep rises in the early morning and broader daytime platforms, which is attributed to the PBL evolution. Some high PAN and O3 episodes were observed and caused either by long-range transport of pollutants from south Asia or by downward transport of air masses from the upper troposphere, indicating the dynamic impacts on tropospheric chemistry over the Tibet.
Wanyun Xu, Xiaobin Xu, Meiyun Lin, Weili Lin, David Tarasick, Jie Tang, Jianzhong Ma, and Xiangdong Zheng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 773–798, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-773-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-773-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The impact of anthropogenic emissions and climate variability on the long-term trends and periodicity of surface ozone measured at Mt Waliguan (WLG) for the period of 1994–2013 is studied. STT ozone and rising emissions in eastern China contribute to spring and autumnal increasing trends, respectively. The 2–3-, 3–7-, and 11-year periodicities in the ozone data are linked to the QBO, EASMI, and sunspot cycle, respectively. An empirical model is obtained for normalised monthly ozone at WLG.
Zhaoyang Meng, Xiaobin Xu, Weili Lin, Baozhu Ge, Yulin Xie, Bo Song, Shihui Jia, Rui Zhang, Wei Peng, Ying Wang, Hongbing Cheng, Wen Yang, and Huarong Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 167–184, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-167-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-167-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents simultaneous measurements of NH3, other trace gases, and water-soluble ions in PM2.5 from May to September 2013 at a rural site in the North China Plain. Atmospheric ammonia and related parameters are characterised and the impact of ammonia on formation of secondary aerosols is investigated. The results presented in this paper may improve our understanding of the role of ammonia in aerosol formation.
Rui Wang, Xiaobin Xu, Shihui Jia, Ruisheng Ma, Liang Ran, Zhaoze Deng, Weili Lin, Ying Wang, and Zhiqiang Ma
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 3891–3903, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-3891-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-3891-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Knowledge about the vertical distributions of air pollutants is limited. We present first unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) observations of vertical profiles of O3 and size-resolved aerosol number concentrations over a rural site in the North China Plain. We show the determination of mixed and residual layer depth and characterization of diurnal O3 and aerosol number concentrations in the mixed and residual layer. We confirm a rapid increase of O3 in the lower troposphere during the recent decade.
Yingruo Li, Chunxiang Ye, Jun Liu, Yi Zhu, Junxia Wang, Ziqiang Tan, Weili Lin, Limin Zeng, and Tong Zhu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 14265–14283, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-14265-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-14265-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We developed the surface flux intensity calculation method based on 2-year continuous ground measurement at a cross-boundary site between Beijing and the NCP to investigate the surface regional transport. The long-term and multispecies observation demonstrated the regional transport influence of the megacity Beijing and the NCP on Yufa. Our study has a direct implication in air quality control measures implemented in Beijing and its surrounding areas.
Liang Ran, Zhaoze Deng, Xiaobin Xu, Peng Yan, Weili Lin, Ying Wang, Ping Tian, Pucai Wang, Weilin Pan, and Daren Lu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 10441–10454, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-10441-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-10441-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Vertical profiles of black carbon within 1 km above the ground were measured using a micro-aethalometer attached to a tethered balloon during the VOGA field campaign in summer 2014 at a semirural site in the North China Plain. The diurnal cycle of black carbon vertical distributions following the development of the mixing layer was analyzed for a selected dataset of 67 profiles.
Wanyun Xu, Weili Lin, Xiaobin Xu, Jie Tang, Jianqing Huang, Hao Wu, and Xiaochun Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 6191–6205, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6191-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6191-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Long-term characteristics and trends of baseline surface ozone concentration at Waliguan station in western China for the period of 1994 to 2013 were analysed, using a modified Mann–Kendall test and the Hilbert–Huang transform analysis for the trend and periodicity analysis, respectively. Significant increasing trends were detected in all seasons, except for summer. The non-linearity caused by the interannual variation of ozone concentrations is evident, showing a 2–4-year, 7- and 11-year periodicity.
Zhiqiang Ma, Jing Xu, Weijun Quan, Ziyin Zhang, Weili Lin, and Xiaobin Xu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 3969–3977, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-3969-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-3969-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper, we find that the daily maximum 8 h O3 in the eastern China has undergone a significant increase during 2003–2015, with a rate of 1.1 ppb per year. The increase of surface ozone was mainly induced by the emission changes and the meteorological factors just played a tiny negative influence. Our result also indicates that VOCs seem to play more important role in the ozone increase than the effect of NO titration.
L. Zhang, J. Y. Sun, X. J. Shen, Y. M. Zhang, H. Che, Q. L. Ma, Y. W. Zhang, X. Y. Zhang, and J. A. Ogren
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 8439–8454, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-8439-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-8439-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
The aerosol hygroscopic properties at a rural background site in the Yangtze River delta of China was discussed. The results show the scattering coefficient and backscattering coefficient increased by 58 and 25% as relative humidity (RH) increased from 40 to 85%, while the hemispheric backscatter fraction decreased by 21%. Aerosol hygroscopic growth caused a 47% increase in calculated aerosol direct radiative forcing at 85% RH compared to the forcing at 40% RH. Nitrate played a vital role.
L. Ran, W. L. Lin, Y. Z. Deji, B. La, P. M. Tsering, X. B. Xu, and W. Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 10721–10730, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-10721-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-10721-2014, 2014
W. Y. Xu, C. S. Zhao, L. Ran, W. L. Lin, P. Yan, and X. B. Xu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 7757–7768, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-7757-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-7757-2014, 2014
J. Ma, W. L. Lin, X. D. Zheng, X. B. Xu, Z. Li, and L. L Yang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 5311–5325, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-5311-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-5311-2014, 2014
H. Zhang, X. Xu, W. Lin, and Y. Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-31871-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-31871-2012, 2012
Revised manuscript not accepted
Related subject area
Subject: Gases | Research Activity: Field Measurements | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
Tracing elevated abundance of CH2Cl2 in the subarctic upper troposphere to the Asian Summer Monsoon
Carbonyl compounds from typical combustion sources: emission characteristics, influencing factors, and their contribution to ozone formation
Formation drivers and photochemical effects of ClNO2 in a coastal city of Southeast China
Significant influence of oxygenated volatile organic compounds on atmospheric chemistry: a case study in a typical industrial city in China
Global ground-based tropospheric ozone measurements: reference data and individual site trends (2000–2022) from the TOAR-II/HEGIFTOM project
Understanding summertime H2O2 chemistry in the North China Plain through observations and modeling studies
Volatile organic compound sources and impacts in an urban Mediterranean area (Marseille, France)
Short-lived organic nitrates in a suburban temperate forest: an indication of efficient assimilation of reactive nitrogen by the biosphere?
Spatiotemporal variations in atmospheric CH4 concentrations and enhancements in northern China based on a comprehensive dataset: ground-based observations, TROPOMI data, inventory data, and inversions
Marine emissions and trade winds control the atmospheric nitrous oxide in the Galapagos Islands
Measurement report: A complex street-level air quality observation campaign in a heavy-traffic area utilizing the multivariate adaptive regression splines method for field calibration of low-cost sensors
The impact of organic nitrates on summer ozone formation in Shanghai, China
Differences in the key volatile organic compound species between their emitted and ambient concentrations in ozone formation
Tracing Ammonia Emission Sources in California's Salton Sea Region: Insights from Airborne Longwave-Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging and Ground Monitoring
Mechanistic insights into chloroacetic acid production from atmospheric multiphase volatile organic compound–chlorine chemistry
Accurate elucidation of oxidation under heavy ozone pollution: a full suite of radical measurements in the chemically complex atmosphere
Emissions of intermediate-volatility and semi-volatile organic compounds (I/SVOCs) from different cumulative-mileage diesel vehicles at various ambient temperatures
Characterization of nitrous acid and its potential effects on secondary pollution in the warm season in Beijing urban areas
Vertical changes in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and impacts on photochemical ozone formation
Airborne quantification of Angolan offshore oil and gas methane emissions
Diurnal, seasonal, and interannual variations in δ(18O) of atmospheric O2 and its application to evaluate natural and anthropogenic changes in oxygen, carbon, and water cycles
Cloud processing of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) oxidation products limits sulfur dioxide (SO2) and carbonyl sulfide (OCS) production in the eastern North Atlantic marine boundary layer
Atmospheric carbonyl compounds are crucial in regional ozone heavy pollution: insights from the Chengdu Plain Urban Agglomeration, China
Evaluating urban methane emissions and their attributes in a megacity, Osaka, Japan, via mobile and eddy covariance measurements
Ozone (O3) observations in Saxony, Germany for 1997–2020: Trends, modelling and implications for O3 control
Understanding summertime peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) formation and its relation to aerosol pollution: insights from high-resolution measurements and modeling
Measurement report: Exploring the variations in ambient BTEX in urban Europe and their environmental health implications
Seasonal air concentration variability, gas–particle partitioning, precipitation scavenging, and air–water equilibrium of organophosphate esters in southern Canada
Measurement report: Surface exchange fluxes of HONO during the growth process of paddy fields in the Huaihe River Basin, China
Hemispheric differences in ozone across the stratosphere-troposphere exchange region
Molecular and seasonal characteristics of organic vapors in urban Beijing: insights from Vocus-PTR measurements
BVOC and speciated monoterpene concentrations and fluxes at a Scandinavian boreal forest
The variations in volatile organic compounds based on the policy change for Omicron in the traffic hub of Zhengzhou
On the dynamics of ozone depletion events at Villum Research Station in the High Arctic
Measurement report: Long-term measurements of surface ozone and trends in semi-natural sub-Saharan African ecosystems
Characterization of biogenic volatile organic compounds and their oxidation products in a stressed spruce-dominated forest close to a biogas power plant
Reactive chlorine-, sulfur-, and nitrogen-containing volatile organic compounds impact atmospheric chemistry in the megacity of Delhi during both clean and extremely polluted seasons
Analysis of the day-to-day variability of ozone vertical profiles in the lower troposphere during the 2022 Paris ACROSS campaign
Ozone deposition measurements over wheat fields in the North China Plain: variability and related factors of deposition flux and velocity
Consistency evaluation of tropospheric ozone from ozonesonde and IAGOS (In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System) observations: vertical distribution, ozonesonde types, and station–airport distance
CO2 and CO temporal variability over Mexico City from ground-based total column and surface measurements
Investigating carbonyl compounds above the Amazon rainforest using a proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-ToF-MS) with NO+ chemical ionization
Measurement report: In-flight and ground-based measurements of nitrogen oxide emissions from latest-generation jet engines and 100 % sustainable aviation fuel
Observation and modelling of atmospheric OH and HO2 radicals at a subtropical rural site and implications for secondary pollutants
Measurement report: Sources, sinks, and lifetime of NOx in a suburban temperate forest at night
Measurement report: Urban ammonia and amines in Houston, Texas
Biomass-burning sources control ambient particulate matter, but traffic and industrial sources control volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions and secondary-pollutant formation during extreme pollution events in Delhi
Multi-year observations of variable incomplete combustion in the New York megacity
Observations of the vertical distributions of summertime atmospheric pollutants in Nam Co: OH production and source analysis
Measurement report: Elevated atmospheric ammonia may promote particle pH and HONO formation – insights from the COVID-19 pandemic
Markus Jesswein, Valentin Lauther, Nicolas Emig, Peter Hoor, Timo Keber, Hans-Christoph Lachnitt, Linda Ort, Tanja Schuck, Johannes Strobel, Ronja Van Luijt, C. Michael Volk, Franziska Weyland, and Andreas Engel
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 8107–8126, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8107-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8107-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The study investigates transport within the Asian Summer Monsoon, focusing on how CH2Cl2 reaches the subarctic tropopause region. Using data from the PHILEAS campaign in 2023, events with increased mixing ratios were detected. Their origin, the transport paths to the tropopause region, and the potential entry into the stratosphere were analyzed. The East Asian Summer Monsoon was identified as the main transport pathway, with only a small contribution to the stratosphere in the following days.
Yanjie Lu, Xinxin Feng, Yanli Feng, Minjun Jiang, Yu Peng, Tian Chen, and Yingjun Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 8043–8059, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8043-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8043-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Through lab tests and field measurements from typical sources, we found that carbonyl compounds from biomass burning are an order of magnitude higher than those from vehicles. The formation of carbonyl compounds in solid and liquid fuel is governed by combustion temperature and emission standards, respectively. Fuel type determines the chemical composition. Biomass burning and farm machinery are key drivers of atmospheric oxidation capacity. This study provides actionable solutions to safeguard public health.
Gaojie Chen, Xiaolong Fan, Haichao Wang, Yee Jun Tham, Ziyi Lin, Xiaoting Ji, Lingling Xu, Baoye Hu, and Jinsheng Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 7815–7828, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7815-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7815-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Our study revealed that the nighttime heterogeneous dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) uptake process was the major contributor of nitryl chloride (ClNO2) sources, while nitrate photolysis may promote the elevation of daytime ClNO2 concentrations. The rates of alkane oxidation by chlorine (Cl) radical in the early morning exceeded those by OH radical, significantly promoted the formation of ROx and ozone (O3), and further enhanced the atmospheric oxidation capacity levels.
Jingwen Dai, Kun Zhang, Yanli Feng, Xin Yi, Rui Li, Jin Xue, Qing Li, Lishu Shi, Jiaqiang Liao, Yanan Yi, Fangting Wang, Liumei Yang, Hui Chen, Ling Huang, Jiani Tan, Yangjun Wang, and Li Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 7467–7484, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7467-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7467-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) are important ozone (O3) precursors. However, most O3 formation analysis based on the box model (OBM) does not include any OVOC constraint. To access the interference of OVOCs with O3 simulation, this study presents results from a field campaign and OBM analysis. Our results indicate that no OVOC constraint in the OBM can lead to overestimation of OVOCs, free radicals, and O3.
Roeland Van Malderen, Anne M. Thompson, Debra E. Kollonige, Ryan M. Stauffer, Herman G. J. Smit, Eliane Maillard Barras, Corinne Vigouroux, Irina Petropavlovskikh, Thierry Leblanc, Valérie Thouret, Pawel Wolff, Peter Effertz, David W. Tarasick, Deniz Poyraz, Gérard Ancellet, Marie-Renée De Backer, Stéphanie Evan, Victoria Flood, Matthias M. Frey, James W. Hannigan, José L. Hernandez, Marco Iarlori, Bryan J. Johnson, Nicholas Jones, Rigel Kivi, Emmanuel Mahieu, Glen McConville, Katrin Müller, Tomoo Nagahama, Justus Notholt, Ankie Piters, Natalia Prats, Richard Querel, Dan Smale, Wolfgang Steinbrecht, Kimberly Strong, and Ralf Sussmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 7187–7225, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7187-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7187-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Tropospheric ozone is an important greenhouse gas and is an air pollutant. The time variability of tropospheric ozone is mainly driven by anthropogenic emissions. In this paper, we study the distribution and time variability of ozone from harmonized ground-based observations from five different measurement techniques. Our findings provide clear standard references for atmospheric models and evolving tropospheric ozone satellite data for the 2000–2022 period.
Can Ye, Pengfei Liu, Chaoyang Xue, Chenglong Zhang, Zhuobiao Ma, Chengtang Liu, Junfeng Liu, Keding Lu, Yujing Mu, and Yuanhang Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 6991–7005, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6991-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6991-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates H2O2 chemistry in rural North China. The observed H2O2 showed distinct diurnal variations influenced by photochemical reactions. A box model revealed that H2O2 is primarily produced by HO2 recombination and removed mainly via particle uptake. Reductions in NOx, PM2.5, and alkanes raised H2O2 levels, while cutting alkenes, aromatics, CO, and HONO lowered them. A dual strategy focusing on VOC and NOx control is essential to reduce both H2O2 and ozone pollution.
Marvin Dufresne, Thérèse Salameh, Thierry Leonardis, Grégory Gille, Alexandre Armengaud, and Stéphane Sauvage
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 5977–5999, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5977-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5977-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This paper discusses the 18-month-long measurement of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in Marseille, where there was no measurement since early 2000, despite the impact of NMHCs on air quality and climate. Traffic-related sources are the largest contributor to NMHC concentrations in Marseille, and shipping strongly contributes to the formation of aerosols. Finally, the Covid-19 lockdown had an impact on NMHC concentrations, reaching a 50 % decrease for traffic-related sources.
Simone T. Andersen, Rolf Sander, Patrick Dewald, Laura Wüst, Tobias Seubert, Gunther N. T. E. Türk, Jan Schuladen, Max R. McGillen, Chaoyang Xue, Abdelwahid Mellouki, Alexandre Kukui, Vincent Michoud, Manuela Cirtog, Mathieu Cazaunau, Astrid Bauville, Hichem Bouzidi, Paola Formenti, Cyrielle Denjean, Jean-Claude Etienne, Olivier Garrouste, Christopher Cantrell, Jos Lelieveld, and John N. Crowley
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 5893–5909, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5893-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5893-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Measurements and modelling of reactive nitrogen gases observed in a suburban temperate forest in Rambouillet, France, circa 50 km southwest of Paris in 2022 indicate that the biosphere rapidly scavenges organic nitrates of mixed biogenic and anthropogenic origin, resulting in short lifetimes for, for example, alkyl nitrates and peroxy nitrates.
Pengfei Han, Ning Zeng, Bo Yao, Wen Zhang, Weijun Quan, Pucai Wang, Ting Wang, Minqiang Zhou, Qixiang Cai, Yuzhong Zhang, Ruosi Liang, Wanqi Sun, and Shengxiang Liu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 4965–4988, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4965-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4965-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Methane (CH4) is a potent greenhouse gas. Northern China contributes a large proportion of CH4 emissions, yet large observation gaps exist. Here we compiled a comprehensive dataset, which is publicly available, that includes ground-based, satellite-based, inventory, and modeling results to show the CH4 concentrations, enhancements, and spatial–temporal variations. The data can benefit the research community and policy-makers for future observations, atmospheric inversions, and policy-making.
Timur Cinay, Dickon Young, Nazaret Narváez Jimenez, Cristina Vintimilla-Palacios, Ariel Pila Alonso, Paul B. Krummel, William Vizuete, and Andrew R. Babbin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 4703–4718, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4703-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4703-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We present the initial 15 months of nitrous oxide measurements from the Galapagos Emissions Monitoring Station. The observed variability in atmospheric mole fractions during this period can be linked to several factors: seasonal variations in trade wind speed and direction across the eastern Pacific, differences in the transport history of air masses sampled, and spatiotemporal heterogeneity in regional marine nitrous oxide emissions from the coastal upwelling systems of Peru and Chile.
Petra Bauerová, Josef Keder, Adriana Šindelářová, Ondřej Vlček, William Patiño, Pavel Krč, Jan Geletič, Hynek Řezníček, Martin Bureš, Kryštof Eben, Michal Belda, Jelena Radović, Vladimír Fuka, Radek Jareš, Igor Esau, and Jaroslav Resler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 4477–4504, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4477-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4477-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The study explored urban air quality in Prague using low-cost sensors and highlighted the multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) correction method's effectiveness in enhancing accuracy. Results showed traffic's impact on nitrogen dioxide levels and atmospheric dynamics on particulate matter. The research confirmed MARS-corrected sensors as cost-effective for monitoring, despite challenges like sensor ageing and data quality control.
Chunmeng Li, Xiaorui Chen, Haichao Wang, Tianyu Zhai, Xuefei Ma, Xinping Yang, Shiyi Chen, Min Zhou, Shengrong Lou, Xin Li, Limin Zeng, and Keding Lu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 3905–3918, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3905-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3905-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study reports an observation of organic nitrate (including total peroxy nitrates and total alkyl nitrates) in Shanghai, China, during the summer of 2021, by homemade thermal dissociation cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (TD-CEAS; Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 4033–4051, 2021). The distribution of organic nitrates and their effects on local ozone production are analyzed based on field observations in conjunction with model simulations.
Xudong Zheng and Shaodong Xie
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 3807–3820, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3807-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3807-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
To reduce uncertainties in identifying the key volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ozone (O3) formation from ambient concentrations, this study comprehensively calculates the emitted VOC concentrations during both nighttime and daytime using the nitrate radical, O3, and hydroxyl radical reaction rates and ambient VOC concentrations. Based on the emitted concentrations, isoprene is one of the top three species contributing to O3 formation, which may be overlooked in observed concentrations.
Sina Hasheminassab, David M. Tratt, Olga V. Kalashnikova, Clement S. Chang, Morad Alvarez, Kerry N. Buckland, Michael J. Garay, Francesca M. Hopkins, Eric R. Keim, Le Kuai, Yaning Miao, Payam Pakbin, William C. Porter, and Mohammad H. Sowlat
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1378, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1378, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Ammonia (NH3) is a key air pollutant linked to fine particle pollution, yet its sources remain poorly understood. Using airborne infrared imaging and ground sensors, we mapped NH3 emissions in California’s Salton Sea region with unprecedented detail. We found high emissions from farms, geothermal plants, and waste sites, including sources missing from inventories. These findings highlight the need for better NH3 monitoring to improve air quality models and guide pollution reduction strategies.
Mingxue Li, Men Xia, Chunshui Lin, Yifan Jiang, Weihang Sun, Yurun Wang, Yingnan Zhang, Maoxia He, and Tao Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 3753–3764, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3753-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3753-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Our field campaigns observed a strong diel pattern of chloroacetic acid as well as a strong correlation between its level and that of reactive chlorine species at a coastal site. Using quantum chemical calculations and box model simulation with an updated Master Chemical Mechanism, we found that the formation pathway of chloroacetic acid involved multiphase processes. Our study enhances understanding of atmospheric organic chlorine chemistry and emphasizes the importance of multiphase reactions.
Renzhi Hu, Guoxian Zhang, Haotian Cai, Jingyi Guo, Keding Lu, Xin Li, Shengrong Lou, Zhaofeng Tan, Changjin Hu, Pinhua Xie, and Wenqing Liu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 3011–3028, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3011-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3011-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
A full suite of radical measurements (OH, HO2, RO2, and kOH) was established to accurately elucidate the limitations of oxidation in a chemically complex atmosphere. Sensitivity tests revealed that the incorporation of complex processes enabled a balance in both radical concentrations and coordinate ratios, effectively addressing the deficiency in the ozone generation mechanism. The full-chain radical detection bridged the gap between the photochemistry and the intensive oxidation level.
Shuwen Guo, Xuan Zheng, Xiao He, Lewei Zeng, Liqiang He, Xian Wu, Yifei Dai, Zihao Huang, Ting Chen, Shupei Xiao, Yan You, Sheng Xiang, Shaojun Zhang, Jingkun Jiang, and Ye Wu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 2695–2705, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2695-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2695-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We considered two potential influencing factors of heavy-duty diesel vehicle emissions that are rarely mentioned in the literature: cumulative mileage and ambient temperatures. The results suggest that prolonged use of heavy-duty diesel vehicles and low ambient temperatures leads to reduced engine combustion efficiency, which in turn increases tailpipe emissions significantly.
Junling Li, Chaofan Lian, Mingyuan Liu, Hao Zhang, Yongxin Yan, Yufei Song, Chun Chen, Jiaqi Wang, Haijie Zhang, Yanqin Ren, Yucong Guo, Weigang Wang, Yisheng Xu, Hong Li, Jian Gao, and Maofa Ge
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 2551–2568, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2551-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2551-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
As a key source of hydroxyl (OH) radical, nitrous acid (HONO) has attracted much attention for its important role in the atmospheric oxidant capacity (AOC) increase. In this study, we made a comparison of the ambient levels, variation patterns, sources, and formation pathway in the warm season on the basis of continuous intensive observations at an urban site of Beijing. This work highlights the importance of HONO for the AOC in the warm season.
Xiao-Bing Li, Bin Yuan, Yibo Huangfu, Suxia Yang, Xin Song, Jipeng Qi, Xianjun He, Sihang Wang, Yubin Chen, Qing Yang, Yongxin Song, Yuwen Peng, Guiqian Tang, Jian Gao, Dasa Gu, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 2459–2472, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2459-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2459-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Online vertical gradient measurements of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ozone, and NOx were conducted based on a 325 m tall tower in urban Beijing. Vertical changes in the concentrations, compositions, key drivers, and environmental impacts of VOCs were analyzed in this study. We find that VOC species display differentiated vertical variation patterns and distinct roles in contributing to photochemical ozone formation with increasing height in the urban planetary boundary layer.
Alina Fiehn, Maximilian Eckl, Magdalena Pühl, Tiziana Bräuer, Klaus-Dirk Gottschaldt, Heinfried Aufmhoff, Lisa Eirenschmalz, Gregor Neumann, Felicitas Sakellariou, Daniel Sauer, Robert Baumann, Guilherme De Aguiar Ventura, Winne Nayole Cadete, Dário Luciano Zua, Manuel Xavier, Paulo Correia, and Anke Roiger
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-635, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-635, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In September 2022, the METHANE-To-Go Africa (MTGA) campaign, part of UNEP’s IMEO Methane Science Studies, conducted the first CH₄ emissions measurements from West Africa’s offshore oil and gas sector. Using an aircraft-based mass balance method, emissions from Angolan offshore facilities were quantified. Older, low-producing facilities showed higher emissions than newer ones. High-emission events were observed, highlighting the need for targeted monitoring and mitigation efforts.
Shigeyuki Ishidoya, Satoshi Sugawara, and Atsushi Okazaki
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1965–1987, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1965-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1965-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The 18O/16O ratio of atmospheric oxygen, δatm(18O), is higher than that of ocean water due to isotopic effects during biospheric activities. This is known as the Dole–Morita effect, and its millennial-scale variations are recorded in ice cores. However, small variations of δatm(18O) in the present day have never been detected so far. This paper presents the first observations of diurnal, seasonal, and secular variations in δatm(18O) and applies them to evaluate oxygen, carbon, and water cycles.
Delaney B. Kilgour, Christopher M. Jernigan, Olga Garmash, Sneha Aggarwal, Shengqian Zhou, Claudia Mohr, Matt E. Salter, Joel A. Thornton, Jian Wang, Paul Zieger, and Timothy H. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1931–1947, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1931-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1931-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We report simultaneous measurements of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and hydroperoxymethyl thioformate (HPMTF) in the eastern North Atlantic. We use an observationally constrained box model to show that cloud loss is the dominant sink of HPMTF in this region over 6 weeks, resulting in large reductions in DMS-derived products that contribute to aerosol formation and growth. Our findings indicate that fast cloud processing of HPMTF must be included in global models to accurately capture the sulfur cycle.
Jiemeng Bao, Xin Zhang, Zhenhai Wu, Li Zhou, Jun Qian, Qinwen Tan, Fumo Yang, Junhui Chen, Yunfeng Li, Hefan Liu, Liqun Deng, and Hong Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1899–1916, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1899-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1899-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We studied carbonyl compounds' role in ozone pollution in the Chengdu Plain Urban Agglomeration, China. During heavy pollution in August 2019, we measured carbonyls at nine sites and analyzed their impact. Areas with higher carbonyl levels, like Chengdu, had worse ozone pollution. While their abundance matters, chemical reactions with other pollutants are the main drivers. Our findings show regional cooperation is vital to reducing ozone pollution effectively.
Masahito Ueyama, Taku Umezawa, Yukio Terao, Mark Lunt, and James Lawrence France
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3926, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3926, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Methane (CH4) emissions were measured in Megacity Osaka, Japan, using mobile and eddy covariance methods. The CH4 emissions were much higher than those reported in local inventories, with natural gas contributing up to 74 % of the emissions. Several CH4 sources not accounted for in current inventories were identified. These results emphasize the need for more comprehensive emissions tracking in urban areas to enhance climate change mitigation efforts.
Yaru Wang, Dominik van Pinxteren, Andreas Tilgner, Erik Hans Hoffmann, Max Hell, Susanne Bastian, and Hartmut Herrmann
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4202, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4202, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Tropospheric ground-level ozone (O3) is a global air-quality pollutant and greenhouse gas. Long-term O3 trends from 16 stations in Saxony, Germany, were compared over three periods, revealing worsened O3 pollution over the last decade. O3 formation has been volatile organic compound (VOC)-limited at traffic and urban sites for the past 20 years. To mitigate O3 pollution, moderate nitrogen oxides and additional VOC controls, particularly in solvent use, should be prioritized in the coming years.
Baoye Hu, Naihua Chen, Rui Li, Mingqiang Huang, Jinsheng Chen, Youwei Hong, Lingling Xu, Xiaolong Fan, Mengren Li, Lei Tong, Qiuping Zheng, and Yuxiang Yang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 905–921, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-905-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-905-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Box modeling with the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM) was used to explore summertime peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) formation and its link to aerosol pollution under high-ozone conditions. The MCM model is effective in the study of PAN photochemical formation and performed better during the clean period than the haze period. Machine learning analysis identified ammonia, nitrate, and fine particulate matter as the top three factors contributing to simulation bias.
Xiansheng Liu, Xun Zhang, Marvin Dufresne, Tao Wang, Lijie Wu, Rosa Lara, Roger Seco, Marta Monge, Ana Maria Yáñez-Serrano, Marie Gohy, Paul Petit, Audrey Chevalier, Marie-Pierre Vagnot, Yann Fortier, Alexia Baudic, Véronique Ghersi, Grégory Gille, Ludovic Lanzi, Valérie Gros, Leïla Simon, Heidi Héllen, Stefan Reimann, Zoé Le Bras, Michelle Jessy Müller, David Beddows, Siqi Hou, Zongbo Shi, Roy M. Harrison, William Bloss, James Dernie, Stéphane Sauvage, Philip K. Hopke, Xiaoli Duan, Taicheng An, Alastair C. Lewis, James R. Hopkins, Eleni Liakakou, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, Xiaohu Zhang, Andrés Alastuey, Xavier Querol, and Thérèse Salameh
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 625–638, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-625-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-625-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study examines BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes) pollution in urban areas across seven European countries. Analyzing data from 22 monitoring sites, we found traffic and industrial activities significantly impact BTEX levels, with peaks during rush hours. The risk from BTEX exposure remains moderate, especially in high-traffic and industrial zones, highlighting the need for targeted air quality management to protect public health and improve urban air quality.
Yuening Li, Faqiang Zhan, Chubashini Shunthirasingham, Ying Duan Lei, Jenny Oh, Amina Ben Chaaben, Zhe Lu, Kelsey Lee, Frank A. P. C. Gobas, Hayley Hung, and Frank Wania
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 459–472, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-459-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-459-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Organophosphate esters are important humanmade trace contaminants. Measuring them in the atmospheric gas phase, particles, precipitation, and surface water in Canada, we explore seasonal concentration variability, gas–particle partitioning, precipitation scavenging, and the air–water equilibrium. Whereas higher summer concentrations and efficient precipitation scavenging conform with expectations, the lack of a relationship between compound volatility and gas–particle partitioning is puzzling.
Fanhao Meng, Baobin Han, Min Qin, Wu Fang, Ke Tang, Dou Shao, Zhitang Liao, Jun Duan, Yan Feng, Yong Huang, Ting Ni, and Pinhua Xie
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 14191–14208, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-14191-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-14191-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Comprehensive observations of HONO and NOx fluxes were conducted over paddy fields in the Huaihe River Basin. Consecutive peaks in HONO and NO fluxes suggest a potentially enhanced release of HONO and NO due to soil tillage, whereas waterlogged soil may inhibit microbial nitrification processes following irrigation. Notably, biological processes and light-driven NO2 reactions at the surface may serve as sources of HONO and influence the local HONO budget during rotary tillage.
Rodrigo J. Seguel, Charlie Opazo, Yann Cohen, Owen R. Cooper, Laura Gallardo, Björn-Martin Sinnhuber, Florian Obersteiner, Andreas Zahn, Peter Hoor, and Susanne Rohs
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3719, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3719, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We explored differences in ozone levels between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres in the Stratosphere-troposphere exchange region. Using unique data from a research aircraft, we found significantly lower ozone levels (with stratospheric character) in the Southern Hemisphere, especially during years of severe ozone depletion. A Sudden Stratospheric Warming event in 2019 increased Southern Hemisphere ozone levels, highlighting the relationship between atmospheric events and ozone distribution.
Zhaojin An, Rujing Yin, Xinyan Zhao, Xiaoxiao Li, Yuyang Li, Yi Yuan, Junchen Guo, Yiqi Zhao, Xue Li, Dandan Li, Yaowei Li, Dongbin Wang, Chao Yan, Kebin He, Douglas R. Worsnop, Frank N. Keutsch, and Jingkun Jiang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13793–13810, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13793-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13793-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Online Vocus-PTR measurements show the compositions and seasonal variations in organic vapors in urban Beijing. With enhanced sensitivity and mass resolution, various species at a level of sub-parts per trillion (ppt) and organics with multiple oxygens (≥ 3) were observed. The fast photooxidation process in summer leads to an increase in both concentration and proportion of organics with multiple oxygens, while, in other seasons, the variations in them could be influenced by mixed sources.
Ross Charles Petersen, Thomas Holst, Cheng Wu, Radovan Krejci, Jeremy Chan, Claudia Mohr, and Janne Rinne
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3410, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3410, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ecosystem-scale emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) are important for atmospheric chemistry. Here we investigate boreal BVOC fluxes from a forest in central Sweden. BVOC fluxes were measured above-canopy using proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry, while compound-specific monoterpene (MT) fluxes were assessed using a concentration gradient method. We also evaluate the impact of chemical degradation on observed sesquiterpene (SQT) and nighttime MT fluxes.
Bowen Zhang, Dong Zhang, Zhe Dong, Xinshuai Song, Ruiqin Zhang, and Xiao Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13587–13601, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13587-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13587-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
To gain insight into the impact of changes due to epidemic control policies, we undertook continuous online monitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at an urban site in Zhengzhou over a 2-month period. This study examines the characteristics of VOCs, their sources, and their temporal evolution. It also assesses the impact of the policy change on VOC pollution during the monitoring period, thus providing a basis for further research on VOC pollution and source control.
Jakob Boyd Pernov, Jens Liengaard Hjorth, Lise Lotte Sørensen, and Henrik Skov
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13603–13631, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13603-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13603-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic ozone depletion events (ODEs) occur every spring and have vast implications for the oxidizing capacity, radiative balance, and mercury oxidation. In this study, we analyze ozone, ODEs, and their connection to meteorological and air mass history variables through statistical analyses, back trajectories, and machine learning (ML) at Villum Research Station. ODEs are favorable under sunny, calm conditions with air masses arriving from northerly wind directions with sea ice contact.
Hagninou Elagnon Venance Donnou, Aristide Barthélémy Akpo, Money Ossohou, Claire Delon, Véronique Yoboué, Dungall Laouali, Marie Ouafo-Leumbe, Pieter Gideon Van Zyl, Ousmane Ndiaye, Eric Gardrat, Maria Dias-Alves, and Corinne Galy-Lacaux
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13151–13182, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13151-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13151-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ozone is a secondary air pollutant that is detrimental to human and plant health. A better understanding of its chemical evolution is a challenge for Africa, where it is still undersampled. Out of 14 sites examined (1995–2020), high levels of O3 are reported in southern Africa. The dominant chemical processes leading to O3 formation are identified. A decrease in O3 is observed at Katibougou (Mali) and Banizoumbou (Niger), and an increase is found at Zoétélé (Cameroon) and Skukuza (South Africa).
Junwei Song, Georgios I. Gkatzelis, Ralf Tillmann, Nicolas Brüggemann, Thomas Leisner, and Harald Saathoff
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13199–13217, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13199-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13199-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) and organic aerosol (OA) particles were measured online in a stressed spruce-dominated forest. OA was mainly attributed to the monoterpene oxidation products. The mixing ratios of BVOCs were higher than the values previously measured in other temperate forests. The results demonstrate that BVOCs are influenced not only by meteorology and biogenic emissions but also by local anthropogenic emissions and subsequent chemical transformation processes.
Sachin Mishra, Vinayak Sinha, Haseeb Hakkim, Arpit Awasthi, Sachin D. Ghude, Vijay Kumar Soni, Narendra Nigam, Baerbel Sinha, and Madhavan N. Rajeevan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13129–13150, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13129-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13129-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We quantified 111 gases using mass spectrometry to understand how seasonal and emission changes lead from clean air in the monsoon season to extremely polluted air in the post-monsoon season in Delhi. Averaged total mass concentrations (260 µg m-3) were > 4 times in polluted periods, driven by biomass burning emissions and reduced atmospheric ventilation. Reactive gaseous nitrogen, chlorine, and sulfur compounds hitherto unreported from such a polluted environment were discovered.
Gérard Ancellet, Camille Viatte, Anne Boynard, François Ravetta, Jacques Pelon, Cristelle Cailteau-Fischbach, Pascal Genau, Julie Capo, Axel Roy, and Philippe Nédélec
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12963–12983, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12963-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12963-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Characterization of ozone pollution in urban areas benefited from a measurement campaign in summer 2022 in the Paris region. The analysis is based on 21 d of lidar and aircraft observations. The main objective is an analysis of the sensitivity of ozone pollution to the micrometeorological processes in the urban atmospheric boundary layer and the transport of regional pollution. The paper also discusses to what extent satellite observations can track observed ozone plumes.
Xiaoyi Zhang, Wanyun Xu, Weili Lin, Gen Zhang, Jinjian Geng, Li Zhou, Huarong Zhao, Sanxue Ren, Guangsheng Zhou, Jianmin Chen, and Xiaobin Xu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12323–12340, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12323-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12323-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ozone (O3) deposition is a key process that removes surface O3, affecting air quality, ecosystems and climate change. We conducted O3 deposition measurement over a wheat canopy using a newly relaxed eddy accumulation flux system. Large variabilities in O3 deposition were detected, mainly determined by crop growth and modulated by various environmental factors. More O3 deposition observations over different surfaces are needed for exploring deposition mechanisms and model optimization.
Honglei Wang, David W. Tarasick, Jane Liu, Herman G. J. Smit, Roeland Van Malderen, Lijuan Shen, Romain Blot, and Tianliang Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 11927–11942, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11927-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11927-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we identify 23 suitable pairs of sites from World Ozone and Ultraviolet Radiation Data Centre (WOUDC) and In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System (IAGOS) datasets (1995 to 2021), compare the average vertical distributions of tropospheric O3 from ozonesonde and aircraft measurements, and analyze the differences based on ozonesonde type and station–airport distance.
Noémie Taquet, Wolfgang Stremme, María Eugenia González del Castillo, Victor Almanza, Alejandro Bezanilla, Olivier Laurent, Carlos Alberti, Frank Hase, Michel Ramonet, Thomas Lauvaux, Ke Che, and Michel Grutter
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 11823–11848, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11823-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11823-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We characterize the variability in CO and CO2 emissions over Mexico City from long-term time-resolved Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy solar absorption and surface measurements from 2013 to 2021. Using the average intraday CO growth rate from total columns, the average CO / CO2 ratio and TROPOMI data, we estimate the interannual variability in the CO and CO2 anthropogenic emissions of Mexico City, highlighting the effect of an unprecedented drop in activity due to the COVID-19 lockdown.
Akima Ringsdorf, Achim Edtbauer, Bruna Holanda, Christopher Poehlker, Marta O. Sá, Alessandro Araújo, Jürgen Kesselmeier, Jos Lelieveld, and Jonathan Williams
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 11883–11910, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11883-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11883-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We show the average height distribution of separately observed aldehydes and ketones over a day and discuss their rainforest-specific sources and sinks as well as their seasonal changes above the Amazon. Ketones have much longer atmospheric lifetimes than aldehydes and thus different implications for atmospheric chemistry. However, they are commonly observed together, which we overcome by measuring with a NO+ chemical ionization mass spectrometer for the first time in the Amazon rainforest.
Theresa Harlass, Rebecca Dischl, Stefan Kaufmann, Raphael Märkl, Daniel Sauer, Monika Scheibe, Paul Stock, Tiziana Bräuer, Andreas Dörnbrack, Anke Roiger, Hans Schlager, Ulrich Schumann, Magdalena Pühl, Tobias Schripp, Tobias Grein, Linda Bondorf, Charles Renard, Maxime Gauthier, Mark Johnson, Darren Luff, Paul Madden, Peter Swann, Denise Ahrens, Reetu Sallinen, and Christiane Voigt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 11807–11822, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11807-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11807-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Emissions from aircraft have a direct impact on our climate. Here, we present airborne and ground-based measurement data of nitrogen oxides that were collected in the exhaust of an Airbus aircraft. We study the impact of burning fossil and sustainable aviation fuel on nitrogen oxide emissions at different engine settings related to combustor temperature, pressure and fuel flow. Further, we compare observations with engine emission models.
Zhouxing Zou, Tianshu Chen, Qianjie Chen, Weihang Sun, Shichun Han, Zhuoyue Ren, Xinyi Li, Wei Song, Aoqi Ge, Qi Wang, Xiao Tian, Chenglei Pei, Xinming Wang, Yanli Zhang, and Tao Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3210, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3210, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We measured ambient OH and HO2 concentrations at a subtropical rural site and compared our observations with model results. During warm periods, the model overestimated the concentrations of OH and HO2, leading to overestimation of ozone and nitric acid production. Our findings highlight the need to better understand how OH and HO2are formed and removed, which is important for accurate air quality and climate predictions.
Simone T. Andersen, Max R. McGillen, Chaoyang Xue, Tobias Seubert, Patrick Dewald, Gunther N. T. E. Türk, Jan Schuladen, Cyrielle Denjean, Jean-Claude Etienne, Olivier Garrouste, Marina Jamar, Sergio Harb, Manuela Cirtog, Vincent Michoud, Mathieu Cazaunau, Antonin Bergé, Christopher Cantrell, Sebastien Dusanter, Bénédicte Picquet-Varrault, Alexandre Kukui, Abdelwahid Mellouki, Lucy J. Carpenter, Jos Lelieveld, and John N. Crowley
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 11603–11618, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11603-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11603-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Using measurements of various trace gases in a suburban forest near Paris in the summer of 2022, we were able to gain insight into the sources and sinks of NOx (NO+NO2) with a special focus on their nighttime chemical and physical loss processes. NO was observed as a result of nighttime soil emissions when O3 levels were strongly depleted by deposition. NO oxidation products were not observed at night, indicating that soil and/or foliar surfaces are an efficient sink of reactive N.
Lee Tiszenkel, James H. Flynn, and Shan-Hu Lee
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 11351–11363, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11351-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11351-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ammonia and amines are important ingredients for aerosol formation in urban environments, but the measurements of these compounds are extremely challenging. Our observations show that urban ammonia and amines in Houston are emitted from urban sources, and diurnal variations in their concentrations are likely governed by gas-to-particle conversion and emissions.
Arpit Awasthi, Baerbel Sinha, Haseeb Hakkim, Sachin Mishra, Varkrishna Mummidivarapu, Gurmanjot Singh, Sachin D. Ghude, Vijay Kumar Soni, Narendra Nigam, Vinayak Sinha, and Madhavan N. Rajeevan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10279–10304, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10279-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10279-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We use 111 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), PM10, and PM2.5 in a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model to resolve 11 pollution sources validated with chemical fingerprints. Crop residue burning and heating account for ~ 50 % of the PM, while traffic and industrial emissions dominate the gas-phase VOC burden and formation potential of secondary organic aerosols (> 60 %). Non-tailpipe emissions from compressed-natural-gas-fuelled commercial vehicles dominate the transport sector's PM burden.
Luke D. Schiferl, Cong Cao, Bronte Dalton, Andrew Hallward-Driemeier, Ricardo Toledo-Crow, and Róisín Commane
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10129–10142, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10129-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10129-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon monoxide (CO) is an air pollutant and an important indicator of the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels in cities. Using 4 years of winter and spring observations in New York City, we found that both the magnitude and variability of CO from the metropolitan area are greater than expected. Transportation emissions cannot explain the missing and variable CO, which points to energy from buildings as a likely underappreciated source of urban air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.
Chengzhi Xing, Cheng Liu, Chunxiang Ye, Jingkai Xue, Hongyu Wu, Xiangguang Ji, Jinping Ou, and Qihou Hu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10093–10112, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10093-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10093-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We identified the contributions of ozone (O3) and nitrous acid (HONO) to the production rates of hydroxide (OH) in vertical space on the Tibetan Plateau (TP). A new insight was offered: the contributions of HONO and O3 to the production rates of OH on the TP are even greater than in lower-altitudes areas. This study enriches the understanding of vertical distribution of atmospheric components and explains the strong atmospheric oxidation capacity (AOC) on the TP.
Xinyuan Zhang, Lingling Wang, Nan Wang, Shuangliang Ma, Shenbo Wang, Ruiqin Zhang, Dong Zhang, Mingkai Wang, and Hongyu Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 9885–9898, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9885-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9885-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study highlights the importance of the redox reaction of NO2 with SO2 based on actual atmospheric observations. The particle pH in future China is expected to rise steadily. Consequently, this reaction could become a significant source of HONO in China. Therefore, it is crucial to coordinate the control of SO2, NOx, and NH3 emissions to avoid a rapid increase in the particle pH.
Cited articles
Agnieszka, P. T. and Gruszecka-Kosowska: The Condition of Air Pollution in
Kraków, Poland, in 2005–2020, with Health Risk Assessment, Int. J. Env.
Res. Pub. He., 17, E6063, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176063, 2020.
Bai, J., Wu, J., Chai, W., Wang, P., and Wang, G.: Long-Term Variation of
Trace Gases and Particulate Matter at an Atmospheric Background Station in
North China, Front. Earth Sci., 248–263,
https://doi.org/10.12677/ag.2015.53025, 2015.
Chen, L.: Measure and Study on the Atmospheric Pollutants in Three Typical Regional Background Stations of China, M.S. thesis, Lanzhou University, China, 69 pp., 2012.
Cheng, L., Ji, D., He, J., Li, L., Du, L., Cui, Y., Zhang, H., Zhou, L., Li,
Z., and Zhou, Y.: Characteristics of air pollutants and greenhouse gases at
a regional background station in Southwestern China, Aerosol. Air. Qual.
Res, 19, 1007–1023, https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2018.11.0397, 2019.
Chen, Y., Ma, Q., Lin, W., Xu, X., Yao, J., and Gao, W.: Measurement report: Long-term variations in carbon monoxide at a background station in China's Yangtze River Delta region, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 15969–15982, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-15969-2020, 2020.
Cristofanelli, P., Landi, T. C., Calzolari, F., Duchi, R., Marinoni, A.,
Rinaldi, M., and Bonasoni, P.: Summer atmospheric composition over the
Mediterranean basin: Investigation on transport processes and pollutant
export to the free troposphere by observations at the WMO/GAW Mt. Cimone
global station (Italy, 2165 m a.s.l.), Atmos. Environ., 141, 139–152,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.06.048, 2016.
Cui, Y., Lin, J., Song, C., Liu, M., Yan, Y., Xu, Y., and Huang, B.: Rapid growth in nitrogen dioxide pollution over Western China, 2005–2013, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 6207–6221, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6207-2016, 2016.
Davuliene, L., Jasineviciene, D., Garbariene, I., Andriejauskiene, J.,
Ulevicius, V., and Bycenkiene, S.: Long-term air pollution trend analysis in
the South-eastern Baltic region, 1981–2017, Atmos. Res., 247, 105191,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.105191, 2021.
Deng, J., Guo, H., Zhang, H., Zhu, J., Wang, X., and Fu, P.: Source
apportionment of black carbon aerosols from light absorption observation and
source-oriented modeling: an implication in a coastal city in China, Atmos.
Chem. Phys., 20, 14419–14435, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-14419-2020,
2020.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Zhejiang Province, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Zhejiang Province in 2006,
available at: http://sthjt.zj.gov.cn/art/2007/6/5/art_1201912_13471624.html, last access: 24 June 2021a.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Zhejiang Province, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Zhejiang Province in 2007,
available at: http://sthjt.zj.gov.cn/art/2008/6/5/art_1201912_13471634.html, last access: 24 June 2021b.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Zhejiang Province, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Zhejiang Province in 2008,
available at: http://sthjt.zj.gov.cn/art/2009/6/5/art_1201912_13471647.html, last access: 24 June 2021c.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Zhejiang Province, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Zhejiang Province in 2009,
available at: http://sthjt.zj.gov.cn/art/2010/6/5/art_1201912_13471671.html, last access: 24 June 2021d.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Zhejiang Province, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Zhejiang Province in 2010,
available at: http://sthjt.zj.gov.cn/art/2011/6/3/art_1201912_13471687.html, last access: 24 June 2021e.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Zhejiang Province, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Zhejiang Province in 2011,
available at: http://sthjt.zj.gov.cn/art/2012/6/4/art_1201912_15028444.html, last access: 24 June 2021f.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Zhejiang Province, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Zhejiang Province in 2012,
available at: http://sthjt.zj.gov.cn/art/2013/6/5/art_1201912_15028442.html, last access: 24 June 2021g.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Zhejiang Province, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Zhejiang Province in 2013,
available at: http://sthjt.zj.gov.cn/art/2014/6/4/art_1201912_13471699.html, last access: 24 June 2021h.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Zhejiang Province, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Zhejiang Province in 2014,
available at: http://sthjt.zj.gov.cn/art/2015/6/3/art_1201912_13471712.html, last access: 24 June 2021i.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Zhejiang Province, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Zhejiang Province in 2015,
available at: http://sthjt.zj.gov.cn/art/2016/6/2/art_1201912_13471725.html, last access: 24 June 2021j.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Zhejiang Province, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Zhejiang Province in 2016,
available at: http://sthjt.zj.gov.cn/art/2017/6/2/art_1201912_13471748.html, last access: 24 June 2021k.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Jiangsu Province, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Jiangsu Province in 2006,
available at: http://hbt.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2007/3/28/art_1649_3939925.html, last access: 24 June 2021a.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Jiangsu Province, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Jiangsu Province in 2007,
available at: http://hbt.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2008/3/28/art_1649_3939926.html, last access: 24 June 2021b.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Jiangsu Province, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Jiangsu Province in 2008,
available at: http://hbt.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2009/6/5/art_1649_3939927.html, last access: 24 June 2021c.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Jiangsu Province, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Jiangsu Province in 2009,
available at: http://hbt.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2010/6/22/art_1649_3939928.html, last access: 24 June 2021d.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Jiangsu Province, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Jiangsu Province in 2010,
available at: http://hbt.jiangsu.gov.cn:8080/art/2011/6/2/art_1677_4232467.html, last access: 24 June 2021e.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Jiangsu Province, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Jiangsu Province in 2011,
available at: http://www.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2012/5/30/art_46750_2680095.html, last access: 24 June 2021f.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Jiangsu Province, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Jiangsu Province in 2012,
available at: http://hbt.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2013/6/5/art_1649_3939931.html, last access: 24 June 2021g.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Jiangsu Province, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Jiangsu Province in 2013,
available at: https://news.bjx.com.cn/html/20140604/515937.shtml, last access: 24 June
2021h.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Jiangsu Province, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Jiangsu Province in 2014,
available at: https://huanbao.bjx.com.cn/news/20150604/626623.shtml, last access: 24 June
2021i.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Jiangsu Province, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Jiangsu Province in 2015,
available at: http://www.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2016/6/24/art_46580_2555980.html, last access: 24 June 2021j.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Jiangsu Province, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Jiangsu Province in 2016,
available at: http://hbt.jiangsu.gov.cn/art/2017/4/15/art_1649_3939935.html, last access: 24 June 2021k.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Shanghai city, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Shanghai city in 2006,
available at: https://link.sthj.sh.gov.cn/file/2006bulletin/contents.htm, last access: 24
June 2021a.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Shanghai city, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Shanghai city in 2007,
available at: https://link.sthj.sh.gov.cn/file/2007bulletin/index.htm, last access: 24
June 2021b.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Shanghai city, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Shanghai city in 2008,
available at: https://link.sthj.sh.gov.cn/file/2008bulletin/index.html, last access: 24
June 2021c.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Shanghai city, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Shanghai city in 2009,
available at: https://link.sthj.sh.gov.cn/file/2009bulletin/index.html, last access: 24
June 2021d.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Shanghai city, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Shanghai city in 2010,
available at: https://link.sthj.sh.gov.cn/file/2010bulletin/ch/cont.html, last access: 24
June 2021e.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Shanghai city, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Shanghai city in 2011,
available at: https://link.sthj.sh.gov.cn/file/2011bulletin/index.html, last access: 24
June 2021f.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Shanghai city, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Shanghai city in 2013,
available at: https://link.sthj.sh.gov.cn/file/2014bulletin/index.html, last access: 24
June 2021g.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Shanghai city, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Shanghai city in 2014,
available at: https://sthj.sh.gov.cn/assets/html/117972-02.pdf, last access: 24 June 2021h.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Shanghai city, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Shanghai city in 2015,
available at: https://sthj.sh.gov.cn/hbzhywpt1143/hbzhywpt1144/20160329/0024-141845.html,
last access: 24 June 2021i.
Department of Ecology and Environment of Shanghai city, Bulletin on the
ecological environment of Shanghai city in 2016,
available at: https://sthj.sh.gov.cn/hbzhywpt1143/hbzhywpt1144/20170601/0024-141846.html,
last access: 24 June 2021j.
Duan, L., Yan, L., and Xiu, G.: Online Measurement of PM2.5 at an Air
Monitoring Supersite in Yangtze River Delta: Temporal Variation and Source
Identification, Atmosphere, 11, 789, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11080789,
2020.
Fan, Q., Zhang, Y., Ma, W., Ma, H., Feng, J., Yu, Q., Yang, X., Ng, S. K.
W., Fu, Q., and Chen, L.: Spatial and Seasonal Dynamics of Ship Emissions
over the Yangtze River Delta and East China Sea and Their Potential
Environmental Influence, Env. Sci. Technol., 50, 1322–1329,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b03965, 2016.
Fang, G., Wang, Q., and Tian, L.: Green development of Yangtze River Delta in China under Population-Resources-Environment-Development-Satisfaction perspective, Sci. Tot. Env., 727, 138710, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138710, 2020.
Gao, W., Tie, X., Xu, J., Huang, R., Mao, X., Zhou, G. C., and Chang, L.: Long-term trend of O3 in a mega City (Shanghai), China:
Characteristics, causes, and interactions with precursors, Sci. Tot. Env.,
603–604, 425–433, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.099, 2017.
Ge, Y. F., Shi, X. W., Ma, Y., Zhang, W. Q., Ren, X. R., Zheng, J., and Zhang, Y. C.:
Seasonality of nitrous acid near an industry zone in the Yangtze River Delta
region of China: Formation mechanisms and contribution to the atmospheric
oxidation capacity, Atmos. Environ., 254, 118420,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118420, 2021.
Hao, Y. and Song, X.: Research on trends and spatial distribution of
vehicular emissions and its control measure assessment in the Yangtze River
Delta, China, for 1999–2015, Env. Sci. Pollut. R., 25, 36503–36517,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3476-y, 2018.
Jung, J., Lee, J., Kim, B., and Oh, S.: Seasonal variations in the NO2
artifact from chemiluminescence measurements with a molybdenum converter at
a suburban site in Korea (downwind of the Asian continental outflow) during
2015–2016, Atmos. Environ., 165, 290–300,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.07.010, 2017.
Kan, H., Chen, R., and Tong, S.: Ambient air pollution, climate change, and
population health in China, Environ. Int., 42, 10–19,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2011.03.003, 2012.
Kan, H., Chen, B., and Hong, C.: Health Impact of Outdoor Air Pollution in
China: Current Knowledge and Future Research Needs, Environ. Health. Persp.,
117, A187, https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.12737, 2009.
Kurokawa, J. and Ohara, T.: Long-term historical trends in air pollutant emissions in Asia: Regional Emission inventory in ASia (REAS) version 3, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 12761–12793, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-12761-2020, 2020.
Li, L., Zhao, Q., Zhang, J., Li, H., Liu, Q., Li, C., Chen, F., Qiao, Y.,
and Han, J.: Bottom-up emission inventories of multiple air pollutants from
open straw burning: A case study of Jiangsu province, Eastern
China(Article), Atmos. Pollut. Res., 10, 501–507,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2018.09.011, 2019.
Li, M., Zhang, Q., Kurokawa, J.-I., Woo, J.-H., He, K., Lu, Z., Ohara, T., Song, Y., Streets, D. G., Carmichael, G. R., Cheng, Y., Hong, C., Huo, H., Jiang, X., Kang, S., Liu, F., Su, H., and Zheng, B.: MIX: a mosaic Asian anthropogenic emission inventory under the international collaboration framework of the MICS-Asia and HTAP, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 935–963, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-935-2017, 2017.
Li, M., Fang, W., Li, J., and Yang, F.: The overall variation
characteristics of Akedala atmospheric background station of pollutants,
Env. Ecol., 1, 80–84, 2019.
Li, R., Mei, X., Chen, L., Wang, L., Wang, Z., and Jing, Y.: Long-Term
(2005–2017) View of Atmospheric Pollutants in Central China Using Multiple
Satellite Observations, Remote Sens.-Basel, 12, 1041,
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12061041, 2020.
Liang, D., Wang, Y.-q., Wang, Y.-j., and Ma, C.: National air pollution
distribution in China and related geographic, gaseous pollutant, and
socio-economic factors, Env. Pollut., 250, 998–1009,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2019.03.075, 2019.
Lin, W., Xu, X., Yu, D., Dai, X., Zhang, Z., Meng, Z., and Wang, Y.: Quality
Control for Reactive Gases Observation at Longfengshan Regional Atmospheric
Background Monitoring Station, Meteo. Mon., 35, 93–100, 2009.
Lin, W., Xu, X., Sun, J., Li, Y., and Meng, Z.: Characteristics of gaseous
pollutants at Jinsha, a remote mountain site in Central China, Sci. China,
41, 136–144, https://doi.org/10.1360/032010-521, 2011.
Lin, J.-T., Martin, R. V., Boersma, K. F., Sneep, M., Stammes, P., Spurr, R., Wang, P., Van Roozendael, M., Clémer, K., and Irie, H.: Retrieving tropospheric nitrogen dioxide from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument: effects of aerosols, surface reflectance anisotropy, and vertical profile of nitrogen dioxide, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 1441–1461, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-1441-2014, 2014.
Lin, J.-T., Liu, M.-Y., Xin, J.-Y., Boersma, K. F., Spurr, R., Martin, R., and Zhang, Q.: Influence of aerosols and surface reflectance on satellite NO2 retrieval: seasonal and spatial characteristics and implications for NOx emission constraints, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 11217–11241, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-11217-2015, 2015.
Lin, W., Ma, Z., Pu, W., Gao, W., Ma, Q., and Yu, D.: Quality Control Methods for Atmospheric Composition Observations – Reactive Gases, in: Meteorological industry standards in the People's Republic of China, China Meteorological Press, QX/T 510-2019, 2019.
Liu, M., Lin, J., Boersma, K. F., Pinardi, G., Wang, Y., Chimot, J., Wagner, T., Xie, P., Eskes, H., Van Roozendael, M., Hendrick, F., Wang, P., Wang, T., Yan, Y., Chen, L., and Ni, R.: Improved aerosol correction for OMI tropospheric NO2 retrieval over East Asia: constraint from CALIOP aerosol vertical profile, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 1–21, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-1-2019, 2019.
Meng, Z. Y., Xu, X. B., Yan, P., Ding, G. A., Tang, J., Lin, W. L., Xu, X. D., and Wang, S. F.: Characteristics of trace gaseous pollutants at a regional background station in Northern China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 927–936, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-927-2009, 2009.
Mi, C. and Qin, X.: Annual Report on Motor Vehicle Pollution Prevention and Control in China (2010), People's Republic of China Yearbook Editorial Department, China, 2011.
Pandey, S. K., Kim, K.-H., Chung, S. Y., Cho, S. J., Kim, M. Y., and Shon, Z.-H.: Long-term study of NOx behavior at urban roadside and background
locations in Seoul, Korea, Atmos. Environ., 42, 607–622,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.10.015, 2008.
Qi, H., Lin, W., Xu, X., Yu, X., and Ma, Q.: Significant downward trend of
SO2 observed from 2005 to 2010 at a background station in the Yangtze
Delta region, China, Science China Chemistry, 55, 1451–1458,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11426-012-4524-y, 2012.
Qiu, Y. L., Ma, Z. Q., Lin, W. L., Quan, W. J., Pu, W. W., Li, Y. R., Zhou,
L. Y., and Shi, Q. F.: A study of peroxyacetyl nitrate at a rural site in Beijing
based on continuous observations from 2015 to 2019 and the WRF-Chem model,
Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 14, 180–190,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-020-1250-0, 2020.
Resmi, C., Nishanth, T., Satheesh Kumar, M., Balachandramohan, M., and
Valsaraj, K.: Long-Term Variations of Air Quality Influenced by Surface
Ozone in a Coastal Site in India: Association with Synoptic Meteorological
Conditions with Model Simulations, Atmosphere, 11, 193,
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11020193, 2020.
Shen, J., He, L., Chen, P., Xie, M., Jiang, M., Chen, D., and Zhou, G.:
Characteristics of Ozone Concentration Variation in the Northern Background
Site of the Pearl River Delta, Eco. Environ. Sci., 28, 2006–2011,
https://doi.org/10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2019.10.010, 2019.
Shi, Y., Zhu, S., Li, L., Chen, Y., An, J., and Fu, Z.: Historical trends and spatial distributions of major air pollutants in the Yangtze River Delta, J. Lanzhou Univ. (Natural Sci.), 54, 184–191, https://doi.org/10.13885/j.issn.0455-2059.2018.02.007, 2018.
Squizzato, S., Masiol, M., Rich, D. Q., and Hopke, P. K.: PM2.5 and
gaseous pollutants in New York State during 2005–2016: spatial variability,
temporal trends, and economic influences, Atoms. Environ., 183, 209–224,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.03.045, 2018.
Steinbacher, M., Zellweger, C., Schwarzenbach, B., Bugmann, S., Buchmann, B., Ordóñez, C., Prevot, A. S. H., and Hueglin, C.: Nitrogen oxide measurements at rural sites in Switzerland: Bias of conventional measurement techniques, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 112, D11307, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007971, 2007.
Su, B., Liu, X., and Tao, J.: Background characteristics of SO2,
NOx and CO in forest and alpine background areas of eastern China,
Environ. Monit. China, 6, 15–21, 2013.
Sun, W., Shao, M., Granier, C., Liu, Y., Ye, C., and Zheng, J.: Long-Term
Trends of Anthropogenic SO2, NOx, CO, and NMVOCs Emissions in
China(Article), Earths Future, 6, 1112–1133,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2018ef000822, 2018.
Swartz, J. S., Van Zyl, P. G., Beukes, J. P., Labuschagne, C., Brunke, E.-G.,
Portafaix, T., Galy-Lacaux, C., and Pienaar, J. J.: Twenty-one years of
passive sampling monitoring of SO2, NO2 and O3 at the Cape
Point GAW station, South Africa, Atmos. Environ., 222, 117128, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.117128, 2020a.
Swartz, J.-S., van Zyl, P. G., Beukes, J. P., Galy-Lacaux, C., Ramandh, A., and Pienaar, J. J.: Measurement report: Statistical modelling of long-term trends of atmospheric inorganic gaseous species within proximity of the pollution hotspot in South Africa, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 10637–10665, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-10637-2020, 2020b.
Tong, S., Hou, S., Zhang, Y., Chu, B. W., Liu, Y. C., He, H., Zhao, P. S., and Ge, M. F.: Comparisons of measured nitrous acid
(HONO) concentrations in a pollution period at urban and suburban Beijing,
in autumn of 2014, Sci. China Chem., 58, 1393–1402,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11426-015-5454-2, 2015.
US EPA: Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement Systems,
Volume II, Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Program, EPA-454/B-17-001, available at: https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi/P100R631.PDF?Dockey=P100R631.PDF (last access: 16 January 2022), 2017.
Wan, Z., Ji, S., Liu, Y., Zhang, Q., Chen, J., and Wang, Q.: Shipping
emission inventories in China's Bohai Bay, Yangtze River Delta, and Pearl
River Delta in 2018, Mar. Pollution. Bulletin., 151, 110882, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110882, 2020.
Wang, H. L., Qiao, L. P., Lou, S. R., Zhou, M., Ding, A. J., Huang, H. Y.,
Chen, J. M., Wang, Q., Tao, S. K., Chen, C. H., Li, L., and Huang, C.:
Chemical composition of PM2.5 and meteorological impact among three years in
urban Shanghai, China, J. Clean. Prod., 112, 1302–1311,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.04.099, 2016.
Wang, N., Lyu, X., Deng, X., Huang, X., Jiang, F., and Ding, A.: Aggravating
O3 pollution due to NOx emission control in eastern China, Sci. Total.
Environ., 677, 732–744, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.388,
2019.
Wang, T., He, H., Xia, Z., Wu, M., and Zhang, Q.: Pollution characteristics
of SO2, NO2, CO and O3 in Nanjing in 2015, Chinese J.
Environ. Engi., 11, 4155–4161, 2017.
Wang, Y. Q.: MeteoInfo: GIS software for meteorological data visualization
and analysis, Meteorol. Appl., 21, 360–368, https://doi.org/10.1002/met.13, 2014.
World Meteorological Organization: WMO Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Implementation Plan: 2016–2023, WMO, CH-1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland, Open File Rep. 228, 84 pp., 2017.
Xie, Z.: Global Financial Crisis Making a V-Shaped Fluctuation in NO2
Pollution over the Yangtze River Delta, J. Meteorol. Res., 31, 438–447,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13351-017-6053-2, 2017b.
Xin, Y. J., Wang, G. C., and Chen, L.: Identification of Long-Range
Transport Pathways and Potential Sources of PM10 in Tibetan Plateau
Uplift Area: Case Study of Xining, China in 2014, Aerosol. Air. Qual. Res.,
16, 1044–1054, https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2015.05.0296, 2016
Xu, X., Lin,
W., Yan, P., Zhang, Z., and Yu, X.: Long-term Changes of Acidic Gases in
China's Yangtze Delta and Northeast Plain Regions During 1994–2006, Adv.
Clim. Change. Res., 4, 195–201, 2008.
Xu, X., Yang, B., Shi, S., Wang, X., and He, H.: Analysis on the Current
Situation of Acid Rain Pollution in Lin'an District of Hangzhou City, J.
Anhui. Agricul. Sci., 47, 86–89,
https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2019.09.025, 2019.
Xue, R., Wang, S. L., Danran, Zou, Z., Chan, K. L., Valks, P., Saiz-Lopez,
Alfonso, and Zhou, B.: Spatio-temporal variations in NO2 and SO2
over Shanghai and Chongming Eco-Island measured by Ozone Monitoring
Instrument (OMI) during 2008–2017, J. Clean. Prod., 258, 120563, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120563, 2020.
Yan, F., Chen, W., Jia, S., Zhong, B., Yang, L., Mao, J., Chang, M., Shao,
M., Yuan, B., Situ, S., Wang, X., and Wang, D. C. X.: Stabilization for the
secondary species contribution to PM2.5 in the Pearl River Delta (PRD)
over the past decade, China: A meta-analysis, Atoms. Environ., 242, 117817,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117817, 2020.
Yang, B. and Luo, R.: Research progress of air pollution in Yangtze River
Delta, Environ. Ecol., 1, 74–78, 2019.
Yang, J., Xin, J., Ji, D., and Zhu, B.: Variation Analysis of Background
Atmospheric Pollutants in North China During the Summer of 2008 to 2011,
Environ. Sci., 11, 3693–3704, 2012.
Yang, Q.: Characteristics and Causes of Acid Rain Changes in Xiaoshan
District, 2008–2017, Overs. Dig., 18, 91–94, 2018.
Yin, Q., Ma, Q., Lin, W., Xu, X., and Yao, J.: Replication Data for:
Measurement report: Long-term variations in surface NOX and SO2 mixing
ratios from 2006 to 2016 at a background site in the Yangtze River Delta
region, China, V1, Harvard Dataverse [data set],
https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/DQTBT0, 2021.
Yu, Y., Wang, Z., Cui, X., Chen, F., and Xu, H.: Effects of Emission
Reductions of Key Sources on the PM2.5 Concentrations in the Yangtze
River Delta, Environ. Sci., 40, 11–23,
https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.201804105, 2019.
Zhao, B., Wang, S., Wang, J., Fu, J. S., Liu, T., Xu, J., Fu, X., and Hao,
J.: Impact of national NOx and SO2 control policies on particulate
matter pollution in China, Atmos. Env., 77, 453–463,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.05.012, 2013.
Zhao, M., Qiao, T., Huang, Z., Zhu, M., Xu, W., Xiu, G., Tao, J., and Lee,
S.: Comparison of ionic and carbonaceous compositions of PM2.5 in 2009
and 2012 in Shanghai, China, Sci. Tot. Env., 536, 695–703,
doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.100, 2015.
Zhao, P., Tuygun, G. T., Li, B., Liu, J., Yuan, L., Luo, Y., Xiao, H., and
Zhou, Y.: The effect of environmental regulations on air quality: A
long-term trend analysis of SO2 and NO2 in the largest urban
agglomeration in Southwest China, Atmos. Pollut. Res., 10, 2030–2039, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2019.09.011, 2019.
Zhao, S., Liu, S., Hou, X., Cheng, F., Wu, X., Dong, S., and Beazley, R.:
Temporal dynamics of SO2 and NOx pollution and contributions of
driving forces in urban areas in China, Environ. Pollut., 242, 239–248,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.06.085, 2018.
Zheng, S., Yi, H., and Li, H.: The impacts of provincial energy and
environmental policies on air pollution control in China, Renew. Sust.
Energ. Rev., 49, 386–394, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.04.088, 2015.
Zhou, D., Tian, X., Cai, Z., Wang, X., Li, Y., Liu, Y., and Jiang, F.:
Evaluation of Ozone Change and Control Effects in Yangtze River Delta Region
During G20 Submit, Environ. Monit. in China, 36, 41–49,
https://doi.org/10.19316/j.issn.1002-6002.2020.02.06, 2020.
Short summary
China has been experiencing rapid changes in emissions of air pollutants in recent decades. NOx and SO2 measurements from 2006 to 2016 at the Lin’an World Meteorological Organization Global Atmospheric Watch station were used to characterize the seasonal and diurnal variations and study the long-term trends. This study reaffirms China’s success in controlling both NOx and SO2 in the Yangtze River Delta but indicates at the same time a necessity to strengthen the NOx emission control.
China has been experiencing rapid changes in emissions of air pollutants in recent decades. NOx...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint