Articles | Volume 21, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3699-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3699-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Sensitivities to biological aerosol particle properties and ageing processes: potential implications for aerosol–cloud interactions and optical properties
Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
Amina Khaled
Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
Pierre Amato
Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
Anne-Marie Delort
Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
Related authors
Amina Khaled, Minghui Zhang, and Barbara Ervens
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 1989–2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1989-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1989-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Chemical reactions with iron in clouds and aerosol form and cycle reactive oxygen species (ROS). Previous model studies assumed that all cloud droplets (particles) contain iron, while single-particle analyses showed otherwise. By means of a model, we explore the bias in predicted ROS budgets by distributing a given iron mass to either all or only a few droplets (particles). Implications for oxidation potential, radical loss and iron oxidation state are discussed.
Mira L. Pöhlker, Minghui Zhang, Ramon Campos Braga, Ovid O. Krüger, Ulrich Pöschl, and Barbara Ervens
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 11723–11740, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11723-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11723-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Clouds cool our atmosphere. The role of small aerosol particles in affecting them represents one of the largest uncertainties in current estimates of climate change. Traditionally it is assumed that cloud droplets only form particles of diameters ~ 100 nm (
accumulation mode). Previous studies suggest that this can also occur in smaller particles (
Aitken mode). Our study provides a general framework to estimate under which aerosol and cloud conditions Aitken mode particles affect clouds.
Amina Khaled, Minghui Zhang, Pierre Amato, Anne-Marie Delort, and Barbara Ervens
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 3123–3141, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3123-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3123-2021, 2021
Maud Leriche, Pierre Tulet, Laurent Deguillaume, Frédéric Burnet, Aurélie Colomb, Agnès Borbon, Corinne Jambert, Valentin Duflot, Stéphan Houdier, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Mickaël Vaïtilingom, Pamela Dominutti, Manon Rocco, Camille Mouchel-Vallon, Samira El Gdachi, Maxence Brissy, Maroua Fathalli, Nicolas Maury, Bert Verreyken, Crist Amelynck, Niels Schoon, Valérie Gros, Jean-Marc Pichon, Mickael Ribeiro, Eric Pique, Emmanuel Leclerc, Thierry Bourrianne, Axel Roy, Eric Moulin, Joël Barrie, Jean-Marc Metzger, Guillaume Péris, Christian Guadagno, Chatrapatty Bhugwant, Jean-Mathieu Tibere, Arnaud Tournigand, Evelyn Freney, Karine Sellegri, Anne-Marie Delort, Pierre Amato, Muriel Joly, Jean-Luc Baray, Pascal Renard, Angelica Bianco, Anne Réchou, and Guillaume Payen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4129–4155, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4129-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4129-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol particles in the atmosphere play a key role in climate change and air pollution. A large number of aerosol particles are formed from the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs and secondary organic aerosols – SOA). An important field campaign was organized on Réunion in March–April 2019 to understand the formation of SOA in a tropical atmosphere mostly influenced by VOCs emitted by forest and in the presence of clouds. This work synthesizes the results of this campaign.
Leslie Nuñez López, Pierre Amato, and Barbara Ervens
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2270, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2270, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Living bacteria comprise a small particle fraction in the atmosphere. Our model study shows that atmospheric bacteria in clouds may efficiently biodegrade formic and acetic acids that affect acidity of rain. We conclude that current atmospheric models underestimate losses of these acids as they only consider chemical processes. We suggest that biodegradation can affect atmospheric concentration not only of formic and acetic acids but also of other volatile, moderately soluble organics.
Pascal Renard, Maxence Brissy, Florent Rossi, Martin Leremboure, Saly Jaber, Jean-Luc Baray, Angelica Bianco, Anne-Marie Delort, and Laurent Deguillaume
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 2467–2486, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-2467-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-2467-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Amino acids (AAs) have been quantified in cloud water collected at the Puy de Dôme station (France). Concentrations and speciation of those compounds are highly variable among the samples. Sources from the sea surface and atmospheric transformations during the air mass transport, mainly in the free troposphere, have been shown to modulate AA levels in cloud water.
Amina Khaled, Minghui Zhang, and Barbara Ervens
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 1989–2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1989-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1989-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Chemical reactions with iron in clouds and aerosol form and cycle reactive oxygen species (ROS). Previous model studies assumed that all cloud droplets (particles) contain iron, while single-particle analyses showed otherwise. By means of a model, we explore the bias in predicted ROS budgets by distributing a given iron mass to either all or only a few droplets (particles). Implications for oxidation potential, radical loss and iron oxidation state are discussed.
Pamela A. Dominutti, Pascal Renard, Mickaël Vaïtilingom, Angelica Bianco, Jean-Luc Baray, Agnès Borbon, Thierry Bourianne, Frédéric Burnet, Aurélie Colomb, Anne-Marie Delort, Valentin Duflot, Stephan Houdier, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Muriel Joly, Martin Leremboure, Jean-Marc Metzger, Jean-Marc Pichon, Mickaël Ribeiro, Manon Rocco, Pierre Tulet, Anthony Vella, Maud Leriche, and Laurent Deguillaume
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 505–533, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-505-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-505-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We present here the results obtained during an intensive field campaign conducted in March to April 2019 in Reunion. Our study integrates a comprehensive chemical and microphysical characterization of cloud water. Our investigations reveal that air mass history and cloud microphysical properties do not fully explain the variability observed in their chemical composition. This highlights the complexity of emission sources, multiphasic exchanges, and transformations in clouds.
Ramon Campos Braga, Barbara Ervens, Daniel Rosenfeld, Meinrat O. Andreae, Jan-David Förster, Daniel Fütterer, Lianet Hernández Pardo, Bruna A. Holanda, Tina Jurkat-Witschas, Ovid O. Krüger, Oliver Lauer, Luiz A. T. Machado, Christopher Pöhlker, Daniel Sauer, Christiane Voigt, Adrian Walser, Manfred Wendisch, Ulrich Pöschl, and Mira L. Pöhlker
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 17513–17528, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17513-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17513-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Interactions of aerosol particles with clouds represent a large uncertainty in estimates of climate change. Properties of aerosol particles control their ability to act as cloud condensation nuclei. Using aerosol measurements in the Amazon, we performed model studies to compare predicted and measured cloud droplet number concentrations at cloud bases. Our results confirm previous estimates of particle hygroscopicity in this region.
Soleil E. Worthy, Anand Kumar, Yu Xi, Jingwei Yun, Jessie Chen, Cuishan Xu, Victoria E. Irish, Pierre Amato, and Allan K. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 14631–14648, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14631-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14631-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the effect of (NH4)2SO4 on the immersion freezing of non-mineral dust ice-nucleating substances (INSs) and mineral dusts. (NH4)2SO4 had no effect on the median freezing temperature of 9 of the 10 tested non-mineral dust INSs, slightly decreased that of the other, and increased that of all the mineral dusts. The difference in the response of mineral dust and non-mineral dust INSs to (NH4)2SO4 suggests that they nucleate ice and/or interact with (NH4)2SO4 via different mechanisms.
Ramon Campos Braga, Daniel Rosenfeld, Ovid O. Krüger, Barbara Ervens, Bruna A. Holanda, Manfred Wendisch, Trismono Krisna, Ulrich Pöschl, Meinrat O. Andreae, Christiane Voigt, and Mira L. Pöhlker
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 14079–14088, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14079-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14079-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Quantifying the precipitation within clouds is crucial for our understanding of the Earth's hydrological cycle. Using in situ measurements of cloud and rain properties over the Amazon Basin and Atlantic Ocean, we show here a linear relationship between the effective radius (re) and precipitation water content near the tops of convective clouds for different pollution states and temperature levels. Our results emphasize the role of re to determine both initiation and amount of precipitation.
Mira L. Pöhlker, Minghui Zhang, Ramon Campos Braga, Ovid O. Krüger, Ulrich Pöschl, and Barbara Ervens
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 11723–11740, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11723-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11723-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Clouds cool our atmosphere. The role of small aerosol particles in affecting them represents one of the largest uncertainties in current estimates of climate change. Traditionally it is assumed that cloud droplets only form particles of diameters ~ 100 nm (
accumulation mode). Previous studies suggest that this can also occur in smaller particles (
Aitken mode). Our study provides a general framework to estimate under which aerosol and cloud conditions Aitken mode particles affect clouds.
Amina Khaled, Minghui Zhang, Pierre Amato, Anne-Marie Delort, and Barbara Ervens
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 3123–3141, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3123-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3123-2021, 2021
Saly Jaber, Muriel Joly, Maxence Brissy, Martin Leremboure, Amina Khaled, Barbara Ervens, and Anne-Marie Delort
Biogeosciences, 18, 1067–1080, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1067-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-1067-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Our study is of interest to atmospheric scientists and environmental microbiologists, as we show that clouds can be considered a medium where bacteria efficiently degrade and transform amino acids, in competition with chemical processes. As current atmospheric multiphase models are restricted to chemical degradation of organic compounds, our conclusions motivate further model development.
Jean-Luc Baray, Laurent Deguillaume, Aurélie Colomb, Karine Sellegri, Evelyn Freney, Clémence Rose, Joël Van Baelen, Jean-Marc Pichon, David Picard, Patrick Fréville, Laëtitia Bouvier, Mickaël Ribeiro, Pierre Amato, Sandra Banson, Angelica Bianco, Agnès Borbon, Lauréline Bourcier, Yannick Bras, Marcello Brigante, Philippe Cacault, Aurélien Chauvigné, Tiffany Charbouillot, Nadine Chaumerliac, Anne-Marie Delort, Marc Delmotte, Régis Dupuy, Antoine Farah, Guy Febvre, Andrea Flossmann, Christophe Gourbeyre, Claude Hervier, Maxime Hervo, Nathalie Huret, Muriel Joly, Victor Kazan, Morgan Lopez, Gilles Mailhot, Angela Marinoni, Olivier Masson, Nadège Montoux, Marius Parazols, Frédéric Peyrin, Yves Pointin, Michel Ramonet, Manon Rocco, Martine Sancelme, Stéphane Sauvage, Martina Schmidt, Emmanuel Tison, Mickaël Vaïtilingom, Paolo Villani, Miao Wang, Camille Yver-Kwok, and Paolo Laj
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 3413–3445, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-3413-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-3413-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
CO-PDD (Cézeaux-Aulnat-Opme-puy de Dôme) is a fully instrumented platform for atmospheric research. The four sites located at different altitudes from 330 to 1465 m around Clermont-Ferrand (France) host in situ and remote sensing instruments to measure atmospheric composition, including long-term trends and variability, to study interconnected processes (microphysical, chemical, biological, chemical, and dynamical) and to provide a reference point for climate models.
Saly Jaber, Audrey Lallement, Martine Sancelme, Martin Leremboure, Gilles Mailhot, Barbara Ervens, and Anne-Marie Delort
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 4987–4997, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4987-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4987-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Current atmospheric multiphase models do not include biotransformations of organic compounds by bacteria, although many previous studies of our and other research groups have shown microbial activity in cloud water. The current lab/model study shows that for water-soluble aromatic compounds, biodegradation by bacteria may be as efficient as chemical reactions in cloud water.
Barbara Ervens and Pierre Amato
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 1777–1794, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1777-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1777-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Bacteria in the atmosphere are important due to their potential adverse health effects and as initiators of ice cloud formation. Observational studies suggest that bacterial cells grow and multiply in clouds and also consume organic compounds.
We estimate the role of microbial processes in the atmosphere for (i) the increase in biological aerosol mass by cell growth and multiplication and (ii) the sink strength of organics in clouds as a loss process in addition to chemical reactions.
Valentin Duflot, Pierre Tulet, Olivier Flores, Christelle Barthe, Aurélie Colomb, Laurent Deguillaume, Mickael Vaïtilingom, Anne Perring, Alex Huffman, Mark T. Hernandez, Karine Sellegri, Ellis Robinson, David J. O'Connor, Odessa M. Gomez, Frédéric Burnet, Thierry Bourrianne, Dominique Strasberg, Manon Rocco, Allan K. Bertram, Patrick Chazette, Julien Totems, Jacques Fournel, Pierre Stamenoff, Jean-Marc Metzger, Mathilde Chabasset, Clothilde Rousseau, Eric Bourrianne, Martine Sancelme, Anne-Marie Delort, Rachel E. Wegener, Cedric Chou, and Pablo Elizondo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 10591–10618, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10591-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10591-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The Forests gAses aeRosols Clouds Exploratory (FARCE) campaign was conducted in March–April 2015 on the tropical island of La Réunion. For the first time, several scientific teams from different disciplines collaborated to provide reference measurements and characterization of La Réunion vegetation, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), biogenic VOCs (BVOCs), (bio)aerosols and composition of clouds, with a strong focus on the Maïdo mount slope area.
Barbara Ervens, Armin Sorooshian, Abdulmonam M. Aldhaif, Taylor Shingler, Ewan Crosbie, Luke Ziemba, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Jose L. Jimenez, and Armin Wisthaler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 16099–16119, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16099-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16099-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The paper presents a new framework that can be used to identify emission scenarios in which aerosol populations are most likely modified by chemical processes in clouds. We show that in neither very polluted nor in very clean air masses is this the case. Only if the ratio of possible aerosol mass precursors (sulfur dioxide, some organics) and preexisting aerosol mass is sufficiently high will aerosol particles show substantially modified physicochemical properties upon cloud processing.
Audrey Lallement, Ludovic Besaury, Elise Tixier, Martine Sancelme, Pierre Amato, Virginie Vinatier, Isabelle Canet, Olga V. Polyakova, Viatcheslay B. Artaev, Albert T. Lebedev, Laurent Deguillaume, Gilles Mailhot, and Anne-Marie Delort
Biogeosciences, 15, 5733–5744, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5733-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5733-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The main objective of this work was to evaluate the potential degradation of phenol, a highly toxic pollutant, by cloud microorganisms. Phenol concentrations measured on five cloud samples collected at the PUY station in France were from 0.15 to 0.74 µg L−1. Metatranscriptomic analysis suggested that phenol could be biodegraded directly in clouds, likely by Gammaproteobacteria. A large screening showed that 93 % of 145 bacterial strains isolated from clouds were able to degrade phenol.
Nolwenn Wirgot, Virginie Vinatier, Laurent Deguillaume, Martine Sancelme, and Anne-Marie Delort
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 14841–14851, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14841-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14841-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This article highlights the interactions between H2O2 and microorganisms within the cloud system. Experiments performed in microcosms with bacterial strains isolated from clouds showed that H2O2 strongly impacted the microbial energetic state. The ATP depletion measured in the presence of H2O2 was not due to the loss of cell viability. The strong correlation between ATP and H2O2 based on the analysis of 37 real cloud samples confirmed that H2O2 modulates the metabolism of cloud microorganisms.
B. Ervens, P. Renard, S. Tlili, S. Ravier, J.-L. Clément, and A. Monod
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 9109–9127, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-9109-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-9109-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
A detailed chemical mechanism is developed based on laboratory studies that predicts the formation of high molecular weight compounds in the aqueous phase of atmospheric aerosol particles. Model simulations using this mechanism for atmospheric conditions show that these pathways are likely not a substantial source of particle mass, unless unidentified precursors for these compounds exist that were not taken into account so far and/or the solubility of oxygen in aerosol water is overestimated.
B. Yuan, P. R. Veres, C. Warneke, J. M. Roberts, J. B. Gilman, A. Koss, P. M. Edwards, M. Graus, W. C. Kuster, S.-M. Li, R. J. Wild, S. S. Brown, W. P. Dubé, B. M. Lerner, E. J. Williams, J. E. Johnson, P. K. Quinn, T. S. Bates, B. Lefer, P. L. Hayes, J. L. Jimenez, R. J. Weber, R. Zamora, B. Ervens, D. B. Millet, B. Rappenglück, and J. A. de Gouw
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 1975–1993, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1975-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1975-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, secondary formation of formic acid at an urban site and a site in an oil and gas production region is studied. We investigated various gas phase formation pathways of formic acid, including those recently proposed, using a box model. The contributions from aerosol-related processes, fog events and air-snow exchange to formic acid are also quantified.
B. Ervens, Y. Wang, J. Eagar, W. R. Leaitch, A. M. Macdonald, K. T. Valsaraj, and P. Herckes
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 5117–5135, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-5117-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-5117-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Aerosols | Research Activity: Atmospheric Modelling and Data Analysis | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
Reaction of SO3 with H2SO4 and its implications for aerosol particle formation in the gas phase and at the air–water interface
Weakened aerosol–radiation interaction exacerbating ozone pollution in eastern China since China's clean air actions
Uncertainties from biomass burning aerosols in air quality models obscure public health impacts in Southeast Asia
Oxidative potential apportionment of atmospheric PM1: a new approach combining high-sensitive online analysers for chemical composition and offline OP measurement technique
Aqueous-phase chemistry of glyoxal with multifunctional reduced nitrogen compounds: a potential missing route for secondary brown carbon
An updated modeling framework to simulate Los Angeles air quality – Part 1: Model development, evaluation, and source apportionment
Frequent haze events associated with transport and stagnation over the corridor between the North China Plain and Yangtze River Delta
Evaluation of WRF-Chem-simulated meteorology and aerosols over northern India during the severe pollution episode of 2016
How well are aerosol–cloud interactions represented in climate models? – Part 1: Understanding the sulfate aerosol production from the 2014–15 Holuhraun eruption
pH regulates the formation of organosulfates and inorganic sulfate from organic peroxide reaction with dissolved SO2 in aquatic media
Technical note: Accurate, reliable, and high-resolution air quality predictions by improving the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service using a novel statistical post-processing method
Contribution of intermediate-volatility organic compounds from on-road transport to secondary organic aerosol levels in Europe
Secondary Organic Aerosols Derived from Intermediate Volatility n-Alkanes Adopt Low Viscous Phase State
Development of an integrated model framework for multi-air-pollutant exposure assessments in high-density cities
CAMx–UNIPAR simulation of secondary organic aerosol mass formed from multiphase reactions of hydrocarbons under the Central Valley urban atmospheres of California
Impact of urbanization on fine particulate matter concentrations over central Europe
Measurement report: Assessing the impacts of emission uncertainty on aerosol optical properties and radiative forcing from biomass burning in peninsular Southeast Asia
Significant impact of urban-tree biogenic emissions on air quality estimated by a bottom-up inventory and chemistry-transport modeling
The Emissions Model Intercomparison Project (Emissions-MIP): quantifying model sensitivity to emission characteristics
Dynamics-based estimates of decline trend with fine temporal variations in China's PM2.5 emissions
Modeling atmospheric brown carbon in the GISS ModelE Earth system model
Effects of simulated secondary organic aerosol water on PM1 levels and composition over the US
Reactive organic carbon air emissions from mobile sources in the United States
Development and evaluation of processes affecting simulation of diel fine particulate matter variation in the GEOS-Chem model
Substantially positive contributions of new particle formation to cloud condensation nuclei under low supersaturation in China based on numerical model improvements
Evolution of atmospheric age of particles and its implications for the formation of a severe haze event in eastern China
A multimodel evaluation of the potential impact of shipping on particle species in the Mediterranean Sea
Modeling the drivers of fine PM pollution over Central Europe: impacts and contributions of emissions from different sources
Investigating the contribution of grown new particles to cloud condensation nuclei with largely varying pre-existing particles – Part 2: Modeling chemical drivers and 3-D NPF occurrence
How does tropospheric VOC chemistry affect climate? An investigation of preindustrial control simulations using the Community Earth System Model version 2
Anthropogenic amplification of biogenic secondary organic aerosol production
A dynamic parameterization of sulfuric acid–dimethylamine nucleation and its application in three-dimensional modeling
Modeling dust mineralogical composition: sensitivity to soil mineralogy atlases and their expected climate impacts
Assessment of the impacts of cloud chemistry on surface SO2 and sulfate levels in typical regions of China
Impact of Landes forest fires on air quality in France during the 2022 summer
Global nitrogen and sulfur deposition mapping using a measurement–model fusion approach
Comprehensive simulations of new particle formation events in Beijing with a cluster dynamics–multicomponent sectional model
Implications of differences between recent anthropogenic aerosol emission inventories for diagnosed AOD and radiative forcing from 1990 to 2019
Unbalanced emission reductions of different species and sectors in China during COVID-19 lockdown derived by multi-species surface observation assimilation
Simulating organic aerosol in Delhi with WRF-Chem using the volatility-basis-set approach: exploring model uncertainty with a Gaussian process emulator
Modelling wintertime sea-spray aerosols under Arctic haze conditions
Impact of solar geoengineering on wildfires in the 21st century in CESM2/WACCM6
Linking gas, particulate, and toxic endpoints to air emissions in the Community Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Multiphase Mechanism (CRACMM)
Contribution of regional aerosol nucleation to low-level CCN in an Amazonian deep convective environment: results from a regionally nested global model
Coarse particulate matter air quality in East Asia: implications for fine particulate nitrate
Foreign emissions exacerbate PM2.5 pollution in China through nitrate chemistry
Analysis of new particle formation events and comparisons to simulations of particle number concentrations based on GEOS-Chem–advanced particle microphysics in Beijing, China
Simulation of organic aerosol, its precursors, and related oxidants in the Landes pine forest in southwestern France: accounting for domain-specific land use and physical conditions
Modelling the European wind-blown dust emissions and their impact on particulate matter (PM) concentrations
Impacts of estimated plume rise on PM2.5 exceedance prediction during extreme wildfire events: a comparison of three schemes (Briggs, Freitas, and Sofiev)
Rui Wang, Yang Cheng, Shasha Chen, Rongrong Li, Yue Hu, Xiaokai Guo, Tianlei Zhang, Fengmin Song, and Hao Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4029–4046, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4029-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4029-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We used quantum chemical calculations, Born–Oppenheimer molecular dynamics simulations, and the ACDC kinetic model to characterize SO3–H2SO4 interaction in the gas phase and at the air–water interface and to study the effect of H2S2O7 on H2SO4–NH3-based clusters. The work expands our understanding of new pathways for the loss of SO3 in acidic polluted areas and helps reveal some missing sources of NPF in metropolitan industrial regions and understand the atmospheric organic–sulfur cycle better.
Hao Yang, Lei Chen, Hong Liao, Jia Zhu, Wenjie Wang, and Xin Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4001–4015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4001-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4001-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The present study quantifies the response of aerosol–radiation interaction (ARI) to anthropogenic emission reduction from 2013 to 2017, with the main focus on the contribution to changed O3 concentrations over eastern China both in summer and winter using the WRF-Chem model. The weakened ARI due to decreased anthropogenic emission aggravates the summer (winter) O3 pollution by +0.81 ppb (+0.63 ppb), averaged over eastern China.
Margaret R. Marvin, Paul I. Palmer, Fei Yao, Mohd Talib Latif, and Md Firoz Khan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3699–3715, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3699-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3699-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We use an atmospheric chemistry model to investigate aerosols emitted from fire activity across Southeast Asia. We find that the limited nature of measurements in this region leads to large uncertainties that significantly hinder the model representation of these aerosols and their impacts on air quality. As a result, the number of monthly attributable deaths is underestimated by as many as 4500, particularly in March at the peak of the mainland burning season.
Julie Camman, Benjamin Chazeau, Nicolas Marchand, Amandine Durand, Grégory Gille, Ludovic Lanzi, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Henri Wortham, and Gaëlle Uzu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3257–3278, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3257-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3257-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Fine particle (PM1) pollution is a major health issue in the city of Marseille, which is subject to numerous pollution sources. Sampling carried out during the summer enabled a fine characterization of the PM1 sources and their oxidative potential, a promising new metric as a proxy for health impact. PM1 came mainly from combustion sources, secondary ammonium sulfate, and organic nitrate, while the oxidative potential of PM1 came from these sources and from resuspended dust in the atmosphere.
Yuemeng Ji, Zhang Shi, Wenjian Li, Jiaxin Wang, Qiuju Shi, Yixin Li, Lei Gao, Ruize Ma, Weijun Lu, Lulu Xu, Yanpeng Gao, Guiying Li, and Taicheng An
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3079–3091, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3079-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3079-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The formation mechanisms for secondary brown carbon (SBrC) contributed by multifunctional reduced nitrogen compounds (RNCs) remain unclear. Hence, from combined laboratory experiments and quantum chemical calculations, we investigated the heterogeneous reactions of glyoxal (GL) with multifunctional RNCs, which are driven by four-step indirect nucleophilic addition reactions. Our results show a possible missing source for SBrC formation on urban, regional, and global scales.
Elyse A. Pennington, Yuan Wang, Benjamin C. Schulze, Karl M. Seltzer, Jiani Yang, Bin Zhao, Zhe Jiang, Hongru Shi, Melissa Venecek, Daniel Chau, Benjamin N. Murphy, Christopher M. Kenseth, Ryan X. Ward, Havala O. T. Pye, and John H. Seinfeld
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2345–2363, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2345-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2345-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
To assess the air quality in Los Angeles (LA), we improved the CMAQ model by using dynamic traffic emissions and new secondary organic aerosol schemes to represent volatile chemical products. Source apportionment demonstrates that the urban areas of the LA Basin and vicinity are NOx-saturated, with the largest sensitivity of O3 to changes in volatile organic compounds in the urban core. The improvement and remaining issues shed light on the future direction of the model development.
Feifan Yan, Hang Su, Yafang Cheng, Rujin Huang, Hong Liao, Ting Yang, Yuanyuan Zhu, Shaoqing Zhang, Lifang Sheng, Wenbin Kou, Xinran Zeng, Shengnan Xiang, Xiaohong Yao, Huiwang Gao, and Yang Gao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2365–2376, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2365-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2365-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
PM2.5 pollution is a major air quality issue deteriorating human health, and previous studies mostly focus on regions like the North China Plain and Yangtze River Delta. However, the characteristics of PM2.5 concentrations between these two regions are studied less often. Focusing on the transport corridor region, we identify an interesting seesaw transport phenomenon with stagnant weather conditions, conducive to PM2.5 accumulation over this region, resulting in large health effects.
Prerita Agarwal, David S. Stevenson, and Mathew R. Heal
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2239–2266, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2239-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2239-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Air pollution levels across northern India are amongst some of the worst in the world, with episodic and hazardous haze events. Here, the ability of the WRF-Chem model to predict air quality over northern India is assessed against several datasets. Whilst surface wind speed and particle pollution peaks are over- and underestimated, respectively, meteorology and aerosol trends are adequately captured, and we conclude it is suitable for investigating severe particle pollution events.
George Jordan, Florent Malavelle, Ying Chen, Amy Peace, Eliza Duncan, Daniel G. Partridge, Paul Kim, Duncan Watson-Parris, Toshihiko Takemura, David Neubauer, Gunnar Myhre, Ragnhild Skeie, Anton Laakso, and James Haywood
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1939–1960, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1939-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1939-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The 2014–15 Holuhraun eruption caused a huge aerosol plume in an otherwise unpolluted region, providing a chance to study how aerosol alters cloud properties. This two-part study uses observations and models to quantify this relationship’s impact on the Earth’s energy budget. Part 1 suggests the models capture the observed spatial and chemical evolution of the plume, yet no model plume is exact. Understanding these differences is key for Part 2, where changes to cloud properties are explored.
Lin Du, Xiaofan Lv, Makroni Lily, Kun Li, and Narcisse Tsona Tchinda
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1841–1853, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1841-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1841-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study explores the pH effect on the reaction of dissolved SO2 with selected organic peroxides. Results show that the formation of organic and/or inorganic sulfate from these peroxides strongly depends on their electronic structures, and these processes are likely to alter the chemical composition of dissolved organic matter in different ways. The rate constants of these reactions exhibit positive pH and temperature dependencies within pH 1–10 and 240–340 K ranges.
Angelo Riccio and Elena Chianese
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1673–1689, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1673-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1673-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Starting from the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS), we provided a novel ensemble statistical post-processing approach to improve their air quality predictions. Our approach is able to provide reliable short-term forecasts of pollutant concentrations, which is a key challenge in supporting national authorities in their tasks related to EU Air Quality Directives, such as planning and reporting the state of air quality to the citizens.
Stella E. I. Manavi and Spyros N. Pandis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 891–909, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-891-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-891-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Organic vapors of intermediate volatility have often been neglected as sources of atmospheric organic aerosol. In this work we use a new approach for their simulation and quantify the contribution of these compounds emitted by transportation sources (gasoline and diesel vehicles) to particulate matter over Europe. The estimated secondary organic aerosol levels are on average 60 % higher than predicted by previous approaches. However, these estimates are probably lower limits.
Tommaso Galeazzo, Bernard Aumont, Marie Camredon, Richard Valorso, Yong B. Lim, Paul J. Ziemann, and Manabu Shiraiwa
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-51, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-51, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
SOA derived from n-alkanes is a major component of anthropogenic particulate matter. We provide a comprehensive analysis of n-alkane SOA by explicit chemistry modeling, machine learning, and laboratory experiments, showing that n-alkane SOA adopt low viscous semisolid or liquid states. Our results indicate little kinetic limitations of mass accommodation in SOA formation, supporting the application of equilibrium partitioning for simulating n-alkane SOA in large-scale atmospheric models.
Zhiyuan Li, Kin-Fai Ho, Harry Fung Lee, and Steve Hung Lam Yim
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 649–661, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-649-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-649-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study developed an integrated model framework for accurate multi-air-pollutant exposure assessments in high-density and high-rise cities. Following the proposed integrated model framework, we established multi-air-pollutant exposure models for four major PM10 chemical species as well as four criteria air pollutants with R2 values ranging from 0.73 to 0.93. The proposed framework serves as an important tool for combined exposure assessment in epidemiological studies.
Yujin Jo, Myoseon Jang, Sanghee Han, Azad Madhu, Bonyoung Koo, Yiqin Jia, Zechen Yu, Soontae Kim, and Jinsoo Park
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 487–508, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-487-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-487-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The CAMx–UNIPAR model simulated the SOA budget formed via multiphase reactions of hydrocarbons and the impact of emissions and climate on SOA characteristics under California’s urban environments during winter 2018. SOA growth was dominated by daytime oxidation of long-chain alkanes and nighttime terpene oxidation with O3 and NO−3 radicals. The spatial distributions of anthropogenic SOA were affected by the northwesterly wind, whereas those of biogenic SOA were insensitive to wind directions.
Peter Huszar, Alvaro Patricio Prieto Perez, Lukáš Bartík, Jan Karlický, and Anahi Villalba-Pradas
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 397–425, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-397-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-397-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Urbanization transforms rural land into artificial land, while due to human activities, it also introduces a great quantity of emissions. We quantify the impact of urbanization on the final particulate matter pollutant levels by looking not only at these emissions, but also at the way urban land cover influences meteorological conditions, how the removal of pollutants changes due to urban land cover, and how biogenic emissions from vegetation change due to less vegetation in urban areas.
Yinbao Jin, Yiming Liu, Xiao Lu, Xiaoyang Chen, Ao Shen, Haofan Wang, Yinping Cui, Yifei Xu, Siting Li, Jian Liu, Ming Zhang, Yingying Ma, and Qi Fan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 367–395, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-367-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-367-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study aims to address these issues by evaluating eight independent biomass burning (BB) emission inventories (GFED, FINN1.5, FINN2.5 MOS, FINN2.5 MOSVIS, GFAS, FEER, QFED, and IS4FIRES) using the WRF-Chem model and analyzing their impact on aerosol optical properties (AOPs) and direct radiative forcing (DRF) during wildfire events in peninsular Southeast Asia (PSEA) that occurred in March 2019.
Alice Maison, Lya Lugon, Soo-Jin Park, Alexia Baudic, Christopher Cantrell, Florian Couvidat, Barbara D'Anna, Claudia Di Biagio, Aline Gratien, Valérie Gros, Carmen Kalalian, Julien Kammer, Vincent Michoud, Jean-Eudes Petit, Marwa Shahin, Leila Simon, Myrto Valari, Jérémy Vigneron, Andrée Tuzet, and Karine Sartelet
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2786, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2786, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents the development of a bottom-up inventory of urban-tree biogenic emissions. Emissions are computed for each tree based on their location and characteristics and are integrated in the regional air-quality model WRF-CHIMERE. The impact of these biogenic emissions on air quality is quantified for June–July 2022. Over Paris city, urban trees increase the concentrations of particulate organic matter by 4.6 %, of PM2.5 by 0.6 % and of ozone by 1.0 % on average over the two months.
Hamza Ahsan, Hailong Wang, Jingbo Wu, Mingxuan Wu, Steven J. Smith, Susanne Bauer, Harrison Suchyta, Dirk Olivié, Gunnar Myhre, Hitoshi Matsui, Huisheng Bian, Jean-François Lamarque, Ken Carslaw, Larry Horowitz, Leighton Regayre, Mian Chin, Michael Schulz, Ragnhild Bieltvedt Skeie, Toshihiko Takemura, and Vaishali Naik
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14779–14799, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14779-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14779-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We examine the impact of the assumed effective height of SO2 injection, SO2 and BC emission seasonality, and the assumed fraction of SO2 emissions injected as SO4 on climate and chemistry model results. We find that the SO2 injection height has a large impact on surface SO2 concentrations and, in some models, radiative flux. These assumptions are a
hiddensource of inter-model variability and may be leading to bias in some climate model results.
Zhen Peng, Lili Lei, Zhe-Min Tan, Meigen Zhang, Aijun Ding, and Xingxia Kou
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14505–14520, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14505-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14505-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Annual PM2.5 emissions in China consistently decreased by about 3% to 5% from 2017 to 2020 with spatial variations and seasonal dependencies. High-temporal-resolution and dynamics-based PM2.5 emission estimates provide quantitative diurnal variations for each season. Significant reductions in PM2.5 emissions in the North China Plain and northeast of China in 2020 were caused by COVID-19.
Maegan A. DeLessio, Kostas Tsigaridis, Susanne E. Bauer, Jacek Chowdhary, and Gregory L. Schuster
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2472, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2472, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents the first explicit representation of brown carbon aerosols in the GISS ModelE Earth system model (ESM). Model sensitivity to a range of brown carbon parameters, as well as model performance compared to AERONET and MODIS retrievals of total aerosol properties, was assessed. General recommendations for incorporating brown carbon into ESMs are also included.
Stylianos Kakavas, Spyros N. Pandis, and Athanasios Nenes
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13555–13564, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13555-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13555-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Water uptake from organic species in aerosol can affect the partitioning of semi-volatile inorganic compounds but are not considered in global and chemical transport models. We address this with a version of the PM-CAMx model that considers such organic water effects and use it to carry out 1-year aerosol simulations over the continental US. We show that such organic water impacts can increase dry PM1 levels by up to 2 μg m-3 when RH levels and PM1 concentrations are high.
Benjamin N. Murphy, Darrell Sonntag, Karl M. Seltzer, Havala O. T. Pye, Christine Allen, Evan Murray, Claudia Toro, Drew R. Gentner, Cheng Huang, Shantanu Jathar, Li Li, Andrew A. May, and Allen L. Robinson
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13469–13483, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13469-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13469-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We update methods for calculating organic particle and vapor emissions from mobile sources in the USA. Conventionally, particulate matter (PM) and volatile organic carbon (VOC) are speciated without consideration of primary semivolatile emissions. Our methods integrate state-of-the-science speciation profiles and correct for common artifacts when sampling emissions in a laboratory. We quantify impacts of the emission updates on ambient pollution with the Community Multiscale Air Quality model.
Yanshun Li, Randall V. Martin, Chi Li, Brian L. Boys, Aaron van Donkelaar, Jun Meng, and Jeffrey R. Pierce
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12525–12543, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12525-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12525-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We developed and evaluated processes affecting within-day (diel) variability in PM2.5 concentrations in a chemical transport model over the contiguous US. Diel variability in PM2.5 for the contiguous US is driven by early-morning accumulation into a shallow mixed layer, decreases from mid-morning through afternoon with mixed-layer growth, increases from mid-afternoon through evening as the mixed-layer collapses, and decreases overnight as emissions decrease.
Chupeng Zhang, Shangfei Hai, Yang Gao, Yuhang Wang, Shaoqing Zhang, Lifang Sheng, Bin Zhao, Shuxiao Wang, Jingkun Jiang, Xin Huang, Xiaojing Shen, Junying Sun, Aura Lupascu, Manish Shrivastava, Jerome D. Fast, Wenxuan Cheng, Xiuwen Guo, Ming Chu, Nan Ma, Juan Hong, Qiaoqiao Wang, Xiaohong Yao, and Huiwang Gao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10713–10730, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10713-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10713-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
New particle formation is an important source of atmospheric particles, exerting critical influences on global climate. Numerical models are vital tools to understanding atmospheric particle evolution, which, however, suffer from large biases in simulating particle numbers. Here we improve the model chemical processes governing particle sizes and compositions. The improved model reveals substantial contributions of newly formed particles to climate through effects on cloud condensation nuclei.
Xiaodong Xie, Jianlin Hu, Momei Qin, Song Guo, Min Hu, Dongsheng Ji, Hongli Wang, Shengrong Lou, Cheng Huang, Chong Liu, Hongliang Zhang, Qi Ying, Hong Liao, and Yuanhang Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10563–10578, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10563-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10563-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The atmospheric age of particles reflects how long particles have been formed and suspended in the atmosphere, which is closely associated with the evolution processes of particles. An analysis of the atmospheric age of PM2.5 provides a unique perspective on the evolution processes of different PM2.5 components. The results also shed lights on how to design effective emission control actions under unfavorable meteorological conditions.
Lea Fink, Matthias Karl, Volker Matthias, Sonia Oppo, Richard Kranenburg, Jeroen Kuenen, Sara Jutterström, Jana Moldanova, Elisa Majamäki, and Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10163–10189, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10163-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10163-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The Mediterranean Sea is a heavily trafficked shipping area, and air quality monitoring stations in numerous cities along the Mediterranean coast have detected high levels of air pollutants originating from shipping emissions. The current study investigates how existing restrictions on shipping-related emissions to the atmosphere ensure compliance with legislation. Focus was laid on fine particles and particle species, which were simulated with five different chemical transport models.
Lukáš Bartík, Peter Huszár, Jan Karlický, Ondřej Vlček, and Kryštof Eben
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1919, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1919, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The presented study deals with the attribution of particulate matter (PM) concentrations to anthropogenic emissions over Central Europe using regional scale models. It calculates the present-day contributions of different emissions sectors to urban concentrations of PM and their secondary components. Moreover, the study investigates the effect of chemical non-linearities by using multiple methods of source attribution and calculation of secondary organic aerosol.
Ming Chu, Xing Wei, Shangfei Hai, Yang Gao, Huiwang Gao, Yujiao Zhu, Biwu Chu, Nan Ma, Juan Hong, Yele Sun, and Xiaohong Yao
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-540, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-540, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We used a 20-bin WRF-Chem model to simulate NPF events in the NCP during a three-week observational period in the summer of 2019. The model was able to reproduce the observations during June 29–July 6, which was characterized by a high frequency of NPF occurrence.
Noah A. Stanton and Neil F. Tandon
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9191–9216, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9191-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9191-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Chemistry in Earth’s atmosphere has a potentially strong but very uncertain impact on climate. Past attempts to fully model chemistry in Earth’s troposphere (the lowest layer of the atmosphere) typically simplified the representation of Earth’s surface, which in turn limited the ability to simulate changes in climate. The cutting-edge model that we use in this study does not require such simplification, and we use it to examine the climate effects of chemical interactions in the troposphere.
Yiqi Zheng, Larry W. Horowitz, Raymond Menzel, David J. Paynter, Vaishali Naik, Jingyi Li, and Jingqiu Mao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8993–9007, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8993-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8993-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Biogenic secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) account for a large fraction of fine aerosol at the global scale. Using long-term measurements and a climate model, we investigate anthropogenic impacts on biogenic SOA at both decadal and centennial timescales. Results show that despite reductions in biogenic precursor emissions, SOA has been strongly amplified by anthropogenic emissions since the preindustrial era and exerts a cooling radiative forcing.
Yuyang Li, Jiewen Shen, Bin Zhao, Runlong Cai, Shuxiao Wang, Yang Gao, Manish Shrivastava, Da Gao, Jun Zheng, Markku Kulmala, and Jingkun Jiang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8789–8804, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8789-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8789-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We set up a new parameterization for 1.4 nm particle formation rates from sulfuric acid–dimethylamine (SA–DMA) nucleation, fully including the effects of coagulation scavenging and cluster stability. Incorporating the new parameterization into 3-D chemical transport models, we achieved better consistencies between simulation results and observation data. This new parameterization provides new insights into atmospheric nucleation simulations and its effects on atmospheric pollution or health.
María Gonçalves Ageitos, Vincenzo Obiso, Ron L. Miller, Oriol Jorba, Martina Klose, Matt Dawson, Yves Balkanski, Jan Perlwitz, Sara Basart, Enza Di Tomaso, Jerónimo Escribano, Francesca Macchia, Gilbert Montané, Natalie M. Mahowald, Robert O. Green, David R. Thompson, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8623–8657, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8623-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8623-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Dust aerosols affect our climate differently depending on their mineral composition. We include dust mineralogy in an atmospheric model considering two existing soil maps, which still have large associated uncertainties. The soil data and the distribution of the minerals in different aerosol sizes are key to our model performance. We find significant regional variations in climate-relevant variables, which supports including mineralogy in our current models and the need for improved soil maps.
Jianyan Lu, Sunling Gong, Jian Zhang, Jianmin Chen, Lei Zhang, and Chunhong Zhou
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8021–8037, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8021-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8021-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
WRF/CUACE was used to assess the cloud chemistry contribution in China. Firstly, the CUACE cloud chemistry scheme was found to reproduce well the cloud processing and consumption of H2O2, O3, and SO2, as well as the increase of sulfate. Secondly, during cloud availability in December under a heavy pollution episode, sulfate production increased 60–95 % and SO2 was reduced by over 80 %. This study provides a way to analyze the phenomenon of overestimation of SO2 in many chemical transport models.
Laurent Menut, Arineh Cholakian, Guillaume Siour, Rémy Lapere, Romain Pennel, Sylvain Mailler, and Bertrand Bessagnet
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7281–7296, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7281-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7281-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study is about the wildfires occurring in France during the summer 2022. We study the forest fires that took place in the Landes during the summer of 2022. We show the direct impact of these fires on the air quality, especially downstream of the smoke plume towards the Paris region. We quantify the impact of these fires on the pollutants peak concentrations and the possible exceedance of thresholds.
Hannah J. Rubin, Joshua S. Fu, Frank Dentener, Rui Li, Kan Huang, and Hongbo Fu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7091–7102, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7091-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7091-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We update the 2010 global deposition budget for nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) with new regional wet deposition measurements, improving the ensemble results of 11 global chemistry transport models from HTAP II. Our study demonstrates that a global measurement–model fusion approach can substantially improve N and S deposition model estimates at a regional scale and represents a step forward toward the WMO goal of global fusion products for accurately mapping harmful air pollution.
Chenxi Li, Yuyang Li, Xiaoxiao Li, Runlong Cai, Yaxin Fan, Xiaohui Qiao, Rujing Yin, Chao Yan, Yishuo Guo, Yongchun Liu, Jun Zheng, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Markku Kulmala, Huayun Xiao, and Jingkun Jiang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6879–6896, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6879-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6879-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
New particle formation and growth in polluted environments are not fully understood despite intensive research. We applied a cluster dynamics–multicomponent sectional model to simulate the new particle formation events observed in Beijing, China. The simulation approximately captures how the events evolve. Further diagnosis shows that the oxygenated organic molecules may have been under-detected, and modulating their abundance leads to significantly improved simulation–observation agreement.
Marianne Tronstad Lund, Gunnar Myhre, Ragnhild Bieltvedt Skeie, Bjørn Hallvard Samset, and Zbigniew Klimont
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6647–6662, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6647-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6647-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Here we show that differences, in magnitude and trend, between recent global anthropogenic emission inventories have a notable influence on simulated regional abundances of anthropogenic aerosol over the 1990–2019 period. This, in turn, affects estimates of radiative forcing. Our findings form a basis for comparing existing and upcoming studies on anthropogenic aerosols using different emission inventories.
Lei Kong, Xiao Tang, Jiang Zhu, Zifa Wang, Yele Sun, Pingqing Fu, Meng Gao, Huangjian Wu, Miaomiao Lu, Qian Wu, Shuyuan Huang, Wenxuan Sui, Jie Li, Xiaole Pan, Lin Wu, Hajime Akimoto, and Gregory R. Carmichael
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6217–6240, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6217-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6217-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A multi-air-pollutant inversion system has been developed in this study to estimate emission changes in China during COVID-19 lockdown. The results demonstrate that the lockdown is largely a nationwide road traffic control measure with NOx emissions decreasing by ~40 %. Emissions of other species only decreased by ~10 % due to smaller effects of lockdown on other sectors. Assessment results further indicate that the lockdown only had limited effects on the control of PM2.5 and O3 in China.
Ernesto Reyes-Villegas, Douglas Lowe, Jill S. Johnson, Kenneth S. Carslaw, Eoghan Darbyshire, Michael Flynn, James D. Allan, Hugh Coe, Ying Chen, Oliver Wild, Scott Archer-Nicholls, Alex Archibald, Siddhartha Singh, Manish Shrivastava, Rahul A. Zaveri, Vikas Singh, Gufran Beig, Ranjeet Sokhi, and Gordon McFiggans
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 5763–5782, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5763-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5763-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Organic aerosols (OAs), their sources and their processes remain poorly understood. The volatility basis set (VBS) approach, implemented in air quality models such as WRF-Chem, can be a useful tool to describe primary OA (POA) production and aging. However, the main disadvantage is its complexity. We used a Gaussian process simulator to reproduce model results and to estimate the sources of model uncertainty. We do this by comparing the outputs with OA observations made at Delhi, India, in 2018.
Eleftherios Ioannidis, Kathy S. Law, Jean-Christophe Raut, Louis Marelle, Tatsuo Onishi, Rachel M. Kirpes, Lucia M. Upchurch, Thomas Tuch, Alfred Wiedensohler, Andreas Massling, Henrik Skov, Patricia K. Quinn, and Kerri A. Pratt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 5641–5678, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5641-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5641-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Remote and local anthropogenic emissions contribute to wintertime Arctic haze, with enhanced aerosol concentrations, but natural sources, which also contribute, are less well studied. Here, modelled wintertime sea-spray aerosols are improved in WRF-Chem over the wider Arctic by including updated wind speed and temperature-dependent treatments. As a result, anthropogenic nitrate aerosols are also improved. Open leads are confirmed to be the main source of sea-spray aerosols over northern Alaska.
Wenfu Tang, Simone Tilmes, David M. Lawrence, Fang Li, Cenlin He, Louisa K. Emmons, Rebecca R. Buchholz, and Lili Xia
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 5467–5486, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5467-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5467-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Globally, total wildfire burned area is projected to increase over the 21st century under scenarios without geoengineering and decrease under the two geoengineering scenarios. Geoengineering reduces fire by decreasing surface temperature and wind speed and increasing relative humidity and soil water. However, geoengineering also yields reductions in precipitation, which offset some of the fire reduction.
Havala O. T. Pye, Bryan K. Place, Benjamin N. Murphy, Karl M. Seltzer, Emma L. D'Ambro, Christine Allen, Ivan R. Piletic, Sara Farrell, Rebecca H. Schwantes, Matthew M. Coggon, Emily Saunders, Lu Xu, Golam Sarwar, William T. Hutzell, Kristen M. Foley, George Pouliot, Jesse Bash, and William R. Stockwell
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 5043–5099, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5043-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5043-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Chemical mechanisms describe how emissions from vehicles, vegetation, and other sources are chemically transformed in the atmosphere to secondary products including criteria and hazardous air pollutants. The Community Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Multiphase Mechanism integrates gas-phase radical chemistry with pathways to fine-particle mass. New species were implemented, resulting in a bottom-up representation of organic aerosol, which is required for accurate source attribution of pollutants.
Xuemei Wang, Hamish Gordon, Daniel P. Grosvenor, Meinrat O. Andreae, and Ken S. Carslaw
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4431–4461, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4431-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4431-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
New particle formation in the upper troposphere is important for the global boundary layer aerosol population, and they can be transported downward in Amazonia. We use a global and a regional model to quantify the number of aerosols that are formed at high altitude and transported downward in a 1000 km region. We find that the majority of the aerosols are from outside the region. This suggests that the 1000 km region is unlikely to be a
closed loopfor aerosol formation, transport and growth.
Shixian Zhai, Daniel J. Jacob, Drew C. Pendergrass, Nadia K. Colombi, Viral Shah, Laura Hyesung Yang, Qiang Zhang, Shuxiao Wang, Hwajin Kim, Yele Sun, Jin-Soo Choi, Jin-Soo Park, Gan Luo, Fangqun Yu, Jung-Hun Woo, Younha Kim, Jack E. Dibb, Taehyoung Lee, Jin-Seok Han, Bruce E. Anderson, Ke Li, and Hong Liao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4271–4281, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4271-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4271-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Anthropogenic fugitive dust in East Asia not only causes severe coarse particulate matter air pollution problems, but also affects fine particulate nitrate. Due to emission control efforts, coarse PM decreased steadily. We find that the decrease of coarse PM is a major driver for a lack of decrease of fine particulate nitrate, as it allows more nitric acid to form fine particulate nitrate. The continuing decrease of coarse PM requires more stringent ammonia and nitrogen oxides emission controls.
Jun-Wei Xu, Jintai Lin, Gan Luo, Jamiu Adeniran, and Hao Kong
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4149–4163, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4149-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4149-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Research on the sources of Chinese PM2.5 pollution has focused on the contributions of China’s domestic emissions. However, the impact of foreign anthropogenic emissions has typically been simplified or neglected. Here we find that foreign anthropogenic emissions play an important role in Chinese PM2.5 pollution through chemical interactions between foreign-transported pollutants and China’s local emissions. Thus, foreign emission reductions are essential for improving Chinese air quality.
Kun Wang, Xiaoyan Ma, Rong Tian, and Fangqun Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4091–4104, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4091-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4091-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
From 12 March to 6 April 2016 in Beijing, there were 11 typical new particle formation days, 13 non-event days, and 2 undefined days. We first analyzed the favorable background of new particle formation in Beijing and then conducted the simulations using four nucleation schemes based on a global chemistry transport model (GEOS-Chem) to understand the nucleation mechanism.
Arineh Cholakian, Matthias Beekmann, Guillaume Siour, Isabelle Coll, Manuela Cirtog, Elena Ormeño, Pierre-Marie Flaud, Emilie Perraudin, and Eric Villenave
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3679–3706, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3679-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3679-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This article revolves around the simulation of biogenic secondary organic aerosols in the Landes forest (southwestern France). Several sensitivity cases involving biogenic emission factors, land cover data, anthropogenic emissions, and physical or meteorological parameters were performed and each compared to measurements both in the forest canopy and around the forest. The chemistry behind the formation of these aerosols and their production and transport in the forest canopy is discussed.
Marina Liaskoni, Peter Huszar, Lukáš Bartík, Alvaro Patricio Prieto Perez, Jan Karlický, and Ondřej Vlček
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3629–3654, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3629-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3629-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Wind-blown dust (WBD) emissions emitted from European soils are estimated for the 2007–2016 period, and their impact on the total particulate matter (PM) concentration is calculated. We found a considerable increase in PM concentrations due to such emissions, especially on selected days (rather than on a seasonal average). We also found that WBD emissions are strongest over western Europe, and the highest impacts on PM are calculated for this region.
Yunyao Li, Daniel Tong, Siqi Ma, Saulo R. Freitas, Ravan Ahmadov, Mikhail Sofiev, Xiaoyang Zhang, Shobha Kondragunta, Ralph Kahn, Youhua Tang, Barry Baker, Patrick Campbell, Rick Saylor, Georg Grell, and Fangjun Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3083–3101, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3083-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3083-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Plume height is important in wildfire smoke dispersion and affects air quality and human health. We assess the impact of plume height on wildfire smoke dispersion and the exceedances of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. A higher plume height predicts lower pollution near the source region, but higher pollution in downwind regions, due to the faster spread of the smoke once ejected, affects pollution exceedance forecasts and the early warning of extreme air pollution events.
Cited articles
Akbari, S., Abdurahman, N. H., Yunus, R. M., Fayaz, F., and Alara, O. R.:
Biosurfactants – a new frontier for social and environmental safety: a mini review, Biotechnol. Res. Innov. Biotechnol. Res. Innov., 2, 81–90, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biori.2018.09.001, 2018.
Amato, P., Joly, M., Besaury, L., Oudart, A., Taib, N., Moné, A. I., Deguillaume, L., Delort, A. M., and Debroas, D.: Active microorganisms thrive among extremely diverse communities in cloud water, PLoS One, 12, e0182869, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0182869, 2017.
Andrews, E., Sheridan, P. J., Fiebig, M., McComiskey, A., Ogren, J. A., Arnott, P., Covert, D., Elleman, R., Gasparini, R., Collins, D., Jonsson, H., Schmid, B., and Wang, J.: Comparison of methods for deriving aerosol asymmetry parameter, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 111, D05S04, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD005734, 2006.
Arakawa, E. T., Tuminello, P. S., Khare, B. N., and Milham, M. E.:
Optical properties of Erwinia herbicola bacteria at 0.190–2.50 µm,
Biopolymers, 72, 391–398, https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.10438, 2003.
Ariya, P. A., Sun, J., Eltouny, N. A., Hudson, E. D., Hayes, C. T., and Kos, G.: Physical and chemical characterization of bioaerosols – Implications for nucleation processes, Int. Rev. Phys. Chem., 28, 1–32, https://doi.org/10.1080/01442350802597438, 2009.
Asadi, S., Bouvier, N., Wexler, A. S., and Ristenpart, W. D.:
The coronavirus pandemic and aerosols: Does COVID-19 transmit via expiratory particles?,
Aerosol Sci. Tech.,
54, 635–638, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2020.1749229, 2020.
Atkinson, J. D., Murray, B. J., Woodhouse, M. T., Whale, T. F., Baustian, K. J., Carslaw, K. S., Dobbie, S., O'Sullivan, D., and Malkin, T. L.: The importance of feldspar for ice nucleation by mineral dust in mixed-phase clouds, Nature, 498, 355–358, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12278, 2013.
Attard, E., Yang, H., Delort, A.-M., Amato, P., Pöschl, U., Glaux, C., Koop, T., and Morris, C. E.: Effects of atmospheric conditions on ice nucleation activity of Pseudomonas, Atmos. Chem. Phys.,
12, 10667–10677, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-10667-2012, 2012.
Ayerst, G.: The effects of moisture and temperature on growth and spore germination in some fungi, J. Stored Prod. Res., 5, 127–141, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-474X(69)90055-1, 1969.
Bacsi, A., Choudhury, B. K., Dharajiya, N., Sur, S., and Boldogh, I.:
Subpollen particles: Carriers of allergenic proteins and oxidases, J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 118, 844–850, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2006.07.006, 2006.
Barahona, D., West, R. E. L., Stier, P., Romakkaniemi, S., Kokkola, H., and Nenes, A.: Comprehensively accounting for the effect of giant CCN in cloud activation parameterizations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 2467–2473, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-2467-2010, 2010.
Barnard, R. L., Osborne, C. A., and Firestone, M. K.: Responses of soil bacterial and fungal communities to extreme desiccation and rewetting, ISME J., 7, 2229–2241, https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2013.104, 2013.
Bauer, H., Giebl, H., Hitzenberger, R., Kasper-Giebl, A., Reischl, G., Zibuschka, F., and Puxbaum, H.: Airborne bacteria as cloud condensation nuclei, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 108, 4658, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003jd003545, 2003.
Behzad, H., Mineta, K., and Gojobori, T.: Global Ramifications of Dust and Sandstorm Microbiota, Genome Biol. Evol., 10, 1970–1987, https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evy134, 2018.
Bohren, C. F. and Huffman, D. R.: Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles, John Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, USA, 477–482, 1983.
Bowers, R. M., Lauber, C. L., Wiedinmyer, C., Hamady, M., Hallar, A. G., Fall, R., Knight, R., and Fierer, N.: Characterization of airborne microbial communities at a high-elevation site and their potential to act as atmospheric ice nuclei, Appl. Environ. Microb., 75, 5121–5130, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00447-09, 2009.
Brown, H., Liu, X., Feng, Y., Jiang, Y., Wu, M., Lu, Z., Wu, C., Murphy, S., and Pokhrel, R.: Radiative effect and climate impacts of brown carbon with the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM5), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 17745–17768, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-17745-2018, 2018.
Burrows, S. M., Elbert, W., Lawrence, M. G., and Pöschl, U.: Bacteria in the global atmosphere – Part 1: Review and synthesis of literature data for different ecosystems, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 9263–9280, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-9263-2009, 2009a.
Burrows, S. M., Butler, T., Jöckel, P., Tost, H., Kerkweg, A., Pöschl, U., and Lawrence, M. G.: Bacteria in the global atmosphere – Part 2: Modeling of emissions and transport between different ecosystems,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 9281–9297, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-9281-2009, 2009b.
Burrows, S. M., Hoose, C., Pöschl, U., and Lawrence, M. G.: Ice nuclei in marine air: biogenic particles or dust?, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 245–267, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-245-2013, 2013.
Bzdek, B. R., Reid, J. P., Malila, J., and Prisle, N. L.: The surface tension of surfactant-containing, finite volume droplets, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA,
117, 8335–8343, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1915660117, 2020.
Campos, M. G. R., Bogdanov, S., de Almeida-Muradian, L. B., Szczesna, T., Mancebo, Y., Frigerio, C., and Ferreira, F.: Pollen composition and standardisation of analytical methods, J. Apicult. Res., 47, 154–161, https://doi.org/10.1080/00218839.2008.11101443, 2008.
Chen, J. P., Hazra, A., and Levin, Z.: Parameterizing ice nucleation rates using contact angle and activation energy derived from laboratory data, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 7431–7449, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-7431-2008, 2008.
Chen, L., Chen, Y., Chen, L., Gu, W., Peng, C., Luo, S., Song, W., Wang, Z., and Tang, M.: Hygroscopic Properties of 11 Pollen Species in China,
ACS Earth Sp. Chem., 3, 2678–2683, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.9b00268, 2019.
China, S., Wang, B., Weis, J., Rizzo, L., Brito, J., Cirino, G. G., Kovarik, L., Artaxo, P., Gilles, M. K., and Laskin, A.: Rupturing of biological spores as a source of secondary particles in Amazonia, Environ. Sci. Technol., 50, 12179–12186, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b02896, 2016.
Chow, J. C., Yang, X., Wang, X., Kohl, S. D., Hurbain, P. R., Chen, L. W. A., and Watson, J. G.: Characterization of ambient PM10 bioaerosols in a California agricultural town, Aerosol Air Qual. Res., 15, 1433–1447 https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2014.12.0313, 2015.
Coluzza, I., Creamean, J., Rossi, M. J., Wex, H., Alpert, P. A., Bianco, V., Boose, Y., Dellago, C., Felgitsch, L., Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J., Herrmann, H., Jungblut, S., Kanji, Z. A., Menzl, G., Moffett, B., Moritz, C., Mutzel, A., Pöschl, U., Schauperl, M., Scheel, J., Stopelli, E., Stratmann, F., Grothe, H., and Schmale, D. G.: Perspectives on the future of ice nucleation research: Research needs and Unanswered questions identified from two international workshops, Atmosphere, 8, 138, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos8080138, 2017.
Davidovits, P., Kolb, C. E., Williams, L. R., Jayne, J. T., and Worsnop, D. R.: Mass accommodation and chemical reactions at gas-liquid interfaces, Chem. Rev., 106, 1323–1354, https://doi.org/10.1021/cr040366k, 2006.
Deguillaume, L., Leriche, M., Amato, P., Ariya, P. A., Delort, A.-M., Pöschl, U., Chaumerliac, N., Bauer, H., Flossmann, A. I., and Morris, C. E.: Microbiology and atmospheric processes: chemical interactions of primary biological aerosols, Biogeosciences, 5, 1073–1084, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-5-1073-2008, 2008.
DeLeon-Rodriguez, N., Lathem, T. L., Rodriguez-R, L. M., Barazesh, J. M., Anderson, B. E., Beyersdorf, A. J., Ziemba, L. D., Bergin, M., Nenes, A., and Konstantinidis, K. T.: Microbiome of the upper troposphere: Species composition and prevalence, effects of tropical storms, and atmospheric implications, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 110, 2575–2580, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1212089110, 2013.
Delort, A. M., Vaïtilingom, M., Joly, M., Amato, P., Wirgot, N., Lallement, A., Sancelme, M., Matulova, M., and Deguillaume, L.: Clouds: A transient and stressing habitat for microorganisms, in: Microbial Ecology of Extreme Environments, Springer, Cham, Switzerland, 215–245, 2017.
Després, V., Huffman, J. A., Burrows, S. M., Hoose, C., Safatov, A., Buryak, G., Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J., Elbert, W., Andreae, M., Pöschl, U., and Jaenicke, R.: Primary biological aerosol particles in the atmosphere: a review, Tellus B, 64, 15598, https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v64i0.15598, 2012.
Diehl, K., Quick, C., Matthias-Maser, S., Mitra, S. K., and Jaenicke, R.:
The ice nucleating ability of pollen Part I: Laboratory studies in deposition and condensation freezing modes, Atmos. Res., 58, 75–87, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-8095(01)00091-6, 2001.
Diehl, K., Matthias-Maser, S., Jaenicke, R., and Mitra, S. K.: The ice nucleating ability of pollen: Part II. Laboratory studies in immersion and contact freezing modes, Atmos. Res., 61, 125–133, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-8095(01)00132-6, 2002.
Diehl, K., Simmel, M., and Wurzler, S.: Numerical sensitivity studies on the impact of aerosol properties and drop freezing modes on the glaciation, microphysics, and dynamics of clouds, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 111, D07202, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD005884, 2006.
Dinar, E., Abo Riziq, A., Spindler, C., Erlick, C., Kiss, G., and Rudich, Y.:
The complex refractive index of atmospheric and model humic-like substances (HULIS) retrieved by a cavity ring down aerosol spectrometer (CRD-AS), Faraday Discuss., 137, 279–295, https://doi.org/10.1039/b703111d, 2007.
Eidhammer, T., DeMott, P. J., and Kreidenweis, S. M.: A comparison of heterogeneous ice nucleation parameterizations using a parcel model framework, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D06202, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JD011095, 2009.
Elbert, W., Taylor, P. E., Andreae, M. O., and Pöschl, U.: Contribution of fungi to primary biogenic aerosols in the atmosphere: wet and dry discharged spores, carbohydrates, and inorganic ions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 4569–4588, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-4569-2007, 2007.
Enguita, F. J., Martins, L. O., Henriques, A. O., and Carrondo, M. A.:
Crystal structure of a bacterial endospore coat component: A laccase with enhanced thermostability properties, J. Biol. Chem., 278, 19416–19425, https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M301251200, 2003.
Ervens, B. and Amato, P.: The global impact of bacterial processes on carbon mass, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 1777–1794, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1777-2020, 2020.
Ervens, B. and Feingold, G.: On the representation of immersion and condensation freezing in cloud models using different nucleation schemes, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 5807–5826, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-5807-2012, 2012.
Ervens, B. and Feingold, G.: Sensitivities of immersion freezing: Reconciling classical nucleation theory and deterministic expressions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 3320–3324, https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50580, 2013.
Ervens, B., Feingold, G., and Kreidenweis, S. M.: Influence of water-soluble organic carbon on cloud drop number concentration, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.,
110, 1–14, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD005634, 2005.
Ervens, B., Cubison, M. J., Andrews, E., Feingold, G., Ogren, J. A., Jimenez, J. L., Quinn, P. K., Bates, T. S., Wang, J., Zhang, Q., Coe, H., Flynn, M., and Allan, J. D.: CCN predictions using simplified assumptions of organic aerosol composition and mixing state: a synthesis from six different locations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 4795–4807, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-4795-2010, 2010.
Ervens, B., Feingold, G., Sulia, K., and Harrington, J.: The impact of microphysical parameters, ice nucleation mode, and habit growth on the ice/liquid partitioning in mixed-phase Arctic clouds, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 116, D17205, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD015729, 2011.
Estillore, A. D., Trueblood, J. V., and Grassian, V. H.: Atmospheric chemistry of bioaerosols: Heterogeneous and multiphase reactions with atmospheric oxidants and other trace gases, Chem. Sci., 7, 6604–6616 https://doi.org/10.1039/c6sc02353c, 2016.
Facchini, M. C., Mircea, M., Fuzzi, S., and Charlson, R. J.: Cloud albedo enhancement by surface-active organic solutes in growing droplets, Nature,
401, 257–259, https://doi.org/10.1038/45758, 1999.
Failor, K. C., Schmale, D. G., Vinatzer, B. A., and Monteil, C. L.: Ice nucleation active bacteria in precipitation are genetically diverse and nucleate ice by employing different mechanisms, ISME J., 11, 2740–2753, https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2017.124, 2017.
Fall, A. L. and Fall, R.: High-level expression of ice nuclei in Erwinia herbicola is induced by phosphate starvation and low temperature,
Curr. Microbiol., 36, 370–376, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002849900325, 1998.
Feingold, G. and Heymsfield, A. J.: Parameterizations of condensational growth of droplets for use in general circulation models, J. Atmos. Sci.,
49, 2325–2342, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1992)049<2325:POCGOD>2.0.CO;2, 1992.
Feingold, G., Cotton, W. R., Kreidenweis, S. M., and Davis, J. T.: The impact of giant cloud condensation nuclei on drizzle formation in stratocumulus: Implications for cloud radiative properties, J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 4100–4117, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1999)056<4100:TIOGCC>2.0.CO;2, 1999.
Fong, N. J. C., Burgess, M. L., Barrow, K. D., and Glenn, D. R.: Carotenoid accumulation in the psychrotrophic bacterium Arthrobacter agilis in response to thermal and salt stress, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 56, 750–756, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002530100739, 2001.
Forde, E., Gallagher, M., Foot, V., Sarda-Esteve, R., Crawford, I., Kaye, P., Stanley, W., and Topping, D.: Characterisation and source identification of biofluorescent aerosol emissions over winter and summer periods in the United Kingdom, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 1665–1684, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1665-2019, 2019a.
Forde, E., Gallagher, M., Walker, M., Foot, V., Attwood, A., Granger, G., Sarda-Estève, R., Stanley, W., Kaye, P., and Topping, D.: Intercomparison of multiple UV-LIF spectrometers using the aerosol challenge simulator,
Atmosphere, 10, 797, https://doi.org/10.3390/ATMOS10120797, 2019b.
Fox, E. M. and Howlett, B. J.: Secondary metabolism: regulation and role in fungal biology, Curr. Opin. Microbiol., 11, 481–487, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2008.10.007, 2008.
Franze, T., Weller, M. G., Niessner, R., and Pöschl, U.: Protein nitration by polluted air, Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 1673–1678, https://doi.org/10.1021/es0488737, 2005.
Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J., Kampf, C. J., Weber, B., Huffman, J. A., Pöhlker, C., Andreae, M. O., Lang-Yona, N., Burrows, S. M., Gunthe, S. S., Elbert, W., Su, H., Hoor, P., Thines, E., Hoffmann, T., Després, V. R., and Pöschl, U.: Bioaerosols in the Earth system: Climate, health, and ecosystem interactions, Atmos. Res., 182, 346–376, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2016.07.018, 2016.
Gabey, A. M., Vaitilingom, M., Freney, E., Boulon, J., Sellegri, K., Gallagher, M. W., Crawford, I. P., Robinson, N. H., Stanley, W. R., and Kaye, P. H.: Observations of fluorescent and biological aerosol at a high-altitude site in central France, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 7415–7428, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-7415-2013, 2013.
Gérard, V., Noziere, B., Fine, L., Ferronato, C., Singh, D. K., Frossard, A. A., Cohen, R. C., Asmi, E., Lihavainen, H., Kivekäs, N., Aurela, M., Brus, D., Frka, S., and Cvitešić Kušan, A.: Concentrations and Adsorption Isotherms for Amphiphilic Surfactants in PM1 Aerosols from Different Regions of Europe, Environ. Sci. Technol., 53, 12379–12388, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b03386, 2019.
Graham, B., Guyon, P., Maenhaut, W., Taylor, P. E., Ebert, M., Matthias-Maser, S., Mayol-Bracero, O. L., Godoi, R. H. M., Artaxo, P., Meixner, F. X., Lima Moura, M. A., Eça D'Almeida Rocha, C. H., Van Grieken, R., Glovsky, M. M., Flagan, R. C., and Andreae, M. O.: Composition and diurnal variability of the natural Amazonian aerosol, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 108, 4765, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003jd004049, 2003.
Griffiths, P. T., Borlace, J. S., Gallimore, P. J., Kalberer, M., Herzog, M., and Pope, F. D.: Hygroscopic growth and cloud activation of pollen: a laboratory and modelling study, Atmos. Sci. Lett., 13, 289–295,
https://doi.org/10.1002/asl.397, 2012.
Grote, M., Vrtala, S., Niederberger, V., Wiermann, R., Valenta, R., and Reichelt, R.: Release of allergen-bearing cytoplasm from hydrated pollen: A mechanism common to a variety of grass (poaceae) species revealed by electron microscopy, J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 108, 109–115, https://doi.org/10.1067/mai.2001.116431, 2001.
Gunthe, S. S., Rose, D., Su, H., Garland, R. M., Achtert, P., Nowak, A., Wiedensohler, A., Kuwata, M., Takegawa, N., Kondo, Y., Hu, M., Shao, M., Zhu, T., Andreae, M. O., and Pöschl, U.: Cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) from fresh and aged air pollution in the megacity region of Beijing, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 11023–11039, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-11023-2011, 2011.
Gute, E. and Abbatt, J. P. D.: Oxidative Processing Lowers the Ice Nucleation Activity of Birch and Alder Pollen, Geophys. Res. Lett., 45, 1647–1653, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL076357, 2018.
Haddrell, A. E. and Thomas, R. J.: Aerobiology: Experimental considerations, observations, and future tools, Appl. Environ. Microb., 83, e00809-17, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00809-17, 2017.
Hamilton, W. D. and Lenton, T. M.: Spora and gaia: How microbes fly with their clouds, Ethol. Ecol. Evol., 10, 1–16, https://doi.org/10.1080/08927014.1998.9522867, 1998.
Hansen, J., Sato, M., and Ruedy, R.: Radiative forcing and climate response, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 102, 6831–6964, https://doi.org/10.1029/96JD03436, 1997.
He, Q., Bluvshtein, N., Segev, L., Meidan, D., Flores, J. M., Brown, S. S., Brune, W., and Rudich, Y.: Evolution of the Complex Refractive Index of Secondary Organic Aerosols during Atmospheric Aging, Environ. Sci. Technol.,
52, 3456–3465, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b05742, 2018.
Heald, C. L. and Spracklen, D. V.: Atmospheric budget of primary biological aerosol particles from fungal spores, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L09806, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL037493, 2009.
Hernandez, M. N. and Lindow, S. E.: Pseudomonas syringae increases water availability in leaf microenvironments via production of hygroscopic syringafactin, Appl. Environ. Microb., 85, e01014-19, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01014-19, 2019.
Hill, S. C., Williamson, C. C., Doughty, D. C., Pan, Y. Le, Santarpia, J. L., and Hill, H. H.: Size-dependent fluorescence of bioaerosols: Mathematical model using fluorescing and absorbing molecules in bacteria, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Ra., 157, 54–70, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2015.01.011, 2015.
Hoose, C. and Möhler, O.: Heterogeneous ice nucleation on atmospheric aerosols: a review of results from laboratory experiments, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 9817–9854, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-9817-2012, 2012.
Hoose, C., Kristjánsson, J. E., and Burrows, S. M.: How important is biological ice nucleation in clouds on a global scale?, Environ. Res. Lett.,
5, 024009, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/5/2/024009, 2010.
Horneck, G., Bücker, H., and Reitz, G.: Long-term survival of bacterial spores in space, Adv. Space Res., 14, 41–45, https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(94)90448-0, 1994.
Hu, W., Niu, H., Murata, K., Wu, Z., Hu, M., Kojima, T., and Zhang, D.:
Bacteria in atmospheric waters: Detection, characteristics and implications,
Atmos. Environ., 179, 201–221, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.02.026, 2018.
Hu, Y., Zhao, X., Gu, Y., Chen, X., Wang, X., Wang, P., Zheng, Z., and Dong, X.: Significant broadband extinction abilities of bioaerosols, Sci. China Mater., 62, 1033–1045, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-018-9411-9, 2019.
Huffman, J. A., Treutlein, B., and Pöschl, U.: Fluorescent biological aerosol particle concentrations and size distributions measured with an Ultraviolet Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (UV-APS) in Central Europe, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 3215–3233, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-3215-2010, 2010.
Huffman, J. A., Sinha, B., Garland, R. M., Snee-Pollmann, A., Gunthe, S. S., Artaxo, P., Martin, S. T., Andreae, M. O., and Pöschl, U.: Size distributions and temporal variations of biological aerosol particles in the Amazon rainforest characterized by microscopy and real-time UV-APS fluorescence techniques during AMAZE-08, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 11997–12019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-11997-2012, 2012.
Huffman, J. A., Prenni, A. J., DeMott, P. J., Pöhlker, C., Mason, R. H., Robinson, N. H., Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J., Tobo, Y., Després, V. R., Garcia, E., Gochis, D. J., Harris, E., Müller-Germann, I., Ruzene, C., Schmer, B., Sinha, B., Day, D. A., Andreae, M. O., Jimenez, J. L., Gallagher, M., Kreidenweis, S. M., Bertram, A. K., and Pöschl, U.: High concentrations of biological aerosol particles and ice nuclei during and after rain, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 6151–6164, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-6151-2013, 2013.
Huffman, J. A., Perring, A. E., Savage, N. J., Clot, B., Crouzy, B., Tummon, F., Shoshanim, O., Damit, B., Schneider, J., Sivaprakasam, V., Zawadowicz, M. A., Crawford, I., Gallagher, M., Topping, D., Doughty, D. C., Hill, S. C., and Pan, Y.: Real-time sensing of bioaerosols: Review and current perspectives, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 54, 465–495, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2019.1664724, 2020.
Jaenicke, R.: Abundance of cellular material and proteins in the atmosphere,
Science, 308, 73–73, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1106335, 2005.
Jayaraman, S., Gantz, D. L., and Gursky, O.: Effects of protein oxidation on the structure and stability of model discoidal high-density lipoproteins,
Biochemistry, 47, 3875–3882, https://doi.org/10.1021/bi7023783, 2008.
Jiaxian, P., Shumin, Z., Kai, X., Junyang, Z., Chuanhe, Y., Senlin, L., Wei, Z., Yuzhen, F., Yuxiang, Y., Xinhui, B., Guohua, Z., and Qingyue, W.:
Diversity of bacteria in cloud water collected at a National Atmospheric Monitoring Station in Southern China, Atmos. Res., 218, 176–182, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.12.004, 2019.
Joly, M., Attard, E., Sancelme, M., Deguillaume, L., Guilbaud, C., Morris, C. E., Amato, P., and Delort, A. M.: Ice nucleation activity of bacteria isolated from cloud water, Atmos. Environ., 70, 392–400, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.01.027, 2013.
Joly, M., Amato, P., Sancelme, M., Vinatier, V., Abrantes, M., Deguillaume, L., and Delort, A. M.: Survival of microbial isolates from clouds toward simulated atmospheric stress factors, Atmos. Environ., 117, 92–98, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.07.009, 2015.
Junge, K. and Swanson, B. D.: High-resolution ice nucleation spectra of sea-ice bacteria: implications for cloud formation and life in frozen environments, Biogeosciences, 5, 865–873, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-5-865-2008, 2008.
Kahnert, M., Nousiainen, T., and Räisänen, P.: Mie simulations as an error source in mineral aerosol radiative forcing calculations, Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 133, 299–307, https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.40, 2007.
Kang, H., Xie, Z., and Hu, Q.: Ambient protein concentration in PM10 in Hefei, central China, Atmos. Environ., 54, 73–79, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.03.003, 2012.
Khaled, A., Zhang, M., Amato, P., Delort, A.-M., and Ervens, B.: Biodegradation by bacteria in clouds: an underestimated sink for some organics in the atmospheric multiphase system, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 3123–3141, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3123-2021, 2021.
Khvorostyanov, V. I. and Curry, J. A.: The Theory of Ice Nucleation by Heterogeneous Freezing of Deliquescent Mixed CCN. Part II: Parcel Model Simulation, J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 261–285, 2005.
Kirchstetter, T. W., Novakov, T., and Hobbs, P. V.: Evidence that the spectral dependence of light absorption by aerosols is affected by organic carbon, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 109, D21208, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD004999, 2004.
Kjelleberg, S. and Hermansson, M.: Starvation-induced effects on bacterial surface characteristics, Appl. Environ. Microb., 48, 497–503, https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.48.3.497-503.1984, 1984.
Konstantinidis, K. T.: Do airborne microbes matter for atmospheric chemistry and cloud formation?, Environ. Microbiol., 16, 1482–1484, https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.12396, 2014.
Korolev, A.: Limitations of the Wegener-Bergeron–Findeisen-Process in the evolution of mixed-phase clouds, J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 3372–3375, 2007.
Korolev, A. and Isaac, G.: Phase transformation of mixed-phase clouds, Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 129, 19–38, https://doi.org/10.1256/qj.01.203, 2003.
Kou, L., Labrie, D., and Chylek, P.: Refractive indices of water and ice in the 0.65- to 2.5-µm spectral range, Appl. Optics, 32, 3531–3540, https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.32.003531, 1993.
Kristinsson, H. G. and Hultin, H. O.: Changes in trout hemoglobin conformations and solubility after exposure to acid and alkali pH, J. Agr. Food Chem., 52, 3633–3643, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf034563g, 2004.
Kunert, A. T., Pöhlker, M. L., Tang, K., Krevert, C. S., Wieder, C., Speth, K. R., Hanson, L. E., Morris, C. E., Schmale III, D. G., Pöschl, U., and Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J.: Macromolecular fungal ice nuclei in Fusarium: effects of physical and chemical processing, Biogeosciences, 16, 4647–4659, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4647-2019, 2019.
Lawler, M. J., Draper, D. C., and Smith, J. N.: Atmospheric fungal nanoparticle bursts, Sci. Adv., 6, eaax9051, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax9051, 2020.
Lee, B. U., Kim, S. H., and Kim, S. S.: Hygroscopic growth of E. Coli and B. Subtilis bioaerosols, J. Aerosol Sci., 33, 1721–1723, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-8502(02)00114-3, 2002.
Lelieveld, J. and Crutzen, P. J.: Influences of cloud photochemical processes on tropospheric ozone, Nature, 343, 227–233, https://doi.org/10.1038/343227a0, 1990.
Lighthart, B.: The ecology of bacteria in the alfresco atmosphere, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 23, 263–274, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-6496(97)00036-6, 1997.
Lighthart, B. and Shaffer, B. T.: Viable bacterial aerosol particle size distributions in the midsummer atmosphere at an isolated location in the high desert chaparral, Aerobiologia, 11, 19–25, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02136140, 1995.
Lindow, S. E., Arny, D. C., and Upper, C. D.: Distribution of ice nucleation-active bacteria on plants in nature, Appl. Environ. Microb., 36, 831–838, https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.36.6.831-838.1978, 1978.
Liu, C. and Yin, Y.: Inherent optical properties of pollen particles: a case study for the morning glory pollen, Opt. Express, 24, A104–A113, https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.24.00a104, 2016.
Liu, P. F., Abdelmalki, N., Hung, H.-M., Wang, Y., Brune, W. H., and Martin, S. T.: Ultraviolet and visible complex refractive indices of secondary organic material produced by photooxidation of the aromatic compounds toluene and m-xylene, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 1435–1446, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1435-2015, 2015.
Löndahl, J.: Physical and Biological Properties of Bioaerosols, in: Bioaerosol detection technologies, Springer, New York, NY, 33–48, 2014.
Lowe, S. J., Partridge, D. G., Davies, J. F., Wilson, K. R., Topping, D., and Riipinen, I.: Key drivers of cloud response to surface-active organics, Nat. Commun., 10, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-12982-0, 2019.
Marr, A. G.: Growth rate of Escherichia coli, Microbiol. Rev., 55, 316–333, https://doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.55.2.316-333.1991, 1991.
Maters, E. C., Dingwell, D. B., Cimarelli, C., Müller, D., Whale, T. F., and Murray, B. J.: The importance of crystalline phases in ice nucleation by volcanic ash, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 5451–5465, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-5451-2019, 2019.
Matthias-Maser, S., Brinkmann, J., and Schneider, W.: The size distribution of marine atmospheric aerosol with regard to primary biological aerosol particles over the South Atlantic Ocean, Atmos. Environ., 33, 3569–3575, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(98)00121-6, 1999.
Matthias-Maser, S., Obolkin, V., Khodzer, T., and Jaenicke, R.: Seasonal variation of primary biological aerosol particles in the remote continental region of Lake Baikal/Siberia, Atmos. Environ., 34, 3805–3811, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(00)00139-4, 2000a.
Matthias-Maser, S., Bogs, B., and Jaenicke, R.: The size distribution of primary biological aerosol particles in cloud water on the mountain Kleiner Feldberg/Taunus (FRG), Atmos. Res., 54, 1–13, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-8095(00)00039-9, 2000b.
McFiggans, G., Artaxo, P., Baltensperger, U., Coe, H., Facchini, M. C., Feingold, G., Fuzzi, S., Gysel, M., Laaksonen, A., Lohmann, U., Mentel, T. F., Murphy, D. M., O'Dowd, C. D., Snider, J. R., and Weingartner, E.: The effect of physical and chemical aerosol properties on warm cloud droplet activation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 2593–2649, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-2593-2006, 2006.
Middelboe, M.: Bacterial growth rate and marine virus-host dynamics, Microb. Ecol., 40, 114–124, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002480000050, 2000.
Miguel, A. G., Taylor, P. E., House, J., Glovsky, M. M., and Flagan, R. C.:
Meteorological Influences on Respirable Fragment Release from Chinese Elm Pollen, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 40, 690–696, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786820600798869, 2006.
Mikhailov, E. F., Ivanova, O. A., Nebosko, E. Y., Vlasenko, S. S., and Ryshkevich, T. I.: Subpollen particles as atmospheric cloud condensation nuclei, Izv. Atmos. Ocean. Phy., 55, 357–364, https://doi.org/10.1134/S000143381904008X, 2019.
Mikhailov, E. F., Pöhlker, M. L., Reinmuth-Selzle, K., Vlasenko, S. S., Krüger, O. O., Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J., Pöhlker, C., Ivanova, O. A., Kiselev, A. A., Kremper, L. A., and Pöschl, U.: Water uptake of subpollen aerosol particles: hygroscopic growth, CCN activation, and liquid-liquid phase separation, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. [preprint],
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-1224, in review, 2020.
Moise, T., Flores, J. M., and Rudich, Y.: Optical Properties of Secondary Organic Aerosols and Their Changes by Chemical Processes, Chem. Rev., 115, 4400–4439, https://doi.org/10.1021/cr5005259, 2015.
Monier, J. M. and Lindow, S. E.: Differential survival of solitary and aggregated bacterial cells promotes aggregate formation on leaf surfaces, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 100, 15977–15982, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2436560100, 2003.
Monier, J. M. and Lindow, S. E.: Aggregates of resident bacteria facilitate survival of immigrant bacteria on leaf surfaces, Microb. Ecol., 49, 343–352, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-004-0007-9, 2005.
Morris, C. E., Georgakopoulos, D. G., and Sands, D. C.: Ice nucleation active bacteria and their potential role in precipitation, J. Phys. IV, 121, 87–103, https://doi.org/10.1051/jp4:2004121004, 2004.
Morris, C. E., Sands, D. C., Vinatzer, B. A., Glaux, C., Guilbaud, C., Buffière, A., Yan, S., Dominguez, H., and Thompson, B. M.: The life history of the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae is linked to the water cycle, ISME J., 2, 321–334, https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2007.113, 2008.
Morris, C. E., Conen, F., Alex Huffman, J., Phillips, V., Pöschl, U., and Sands, D. C.: Bioprecipitation: a feedback cycle linking Earth history, ecosystem dynamics and land use through biological ice nucleators in the atmosphere, Global Change Biol., 20, 341–351, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12447, 2014.
Murray, B. J., O'Sullivan, D., Atkinson, J. D., and Webb, M. E.: Ice nucleation by particles immersed in supercooled cloud droplets, Chem. Soc. Rev., 41, 6519–6554, https://doi.org/10.1039/c2cs35200a, 2012.
Myhre, G., Shindell, D., Pongratz, J.: Anthropogenic and Natural Radiative Forcing – in Climate Change 2013: the Physical Science Basis, in: Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.018, 2014.
Nakayama, T., Sato, K., Imamura, T., and Matsumi, Y.: Effect of Oxidation Process on Complex Refractive Index of Secondary Organic Aerosol Generated from Isoprene, Environ. Sci. Technol., 52, 2566–2574, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b05852, 2018.
Neu, T. R.: Significance of bacterial surface-active compounds in interaction of bacteria with interfaces, Microbiol. Rev., 60, 151–166, https://doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.60.1.151-166.1996, 1996.
Noctor, G., Lelarge-Trouverie, C., and Mhamdi, A.: The metabolomics of oxidative stress, Phytochemistry, 112, 33–53, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.09.002, 2015.
Nozière, B., Baduel, C., and Jaffrezo, J. L.: The dynamic surface tension of atmospheric aerosol surfactants reveals new aspects of cloud activation,
Nat. Commun., 5, 1–7, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4335, 2014.
O'Shea, S. J., Crosier, J., Dorsey, J., Schledewitz, W., Crawford, I., Borrmann, S., Cotton, R., and Bansemer, A.: Revisiting particle sizing using greyscale optical array probes: evaluation using laboratory experiments and synthetic data, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 3067–3079, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-3067-2019, 2019.
Ovadnevaite, J., Zuend, A., Laaksonen, A., Sanchez, K. J., Roberts, G., Ceburnis, D., Decesari, S., Rinaldi, M., Hodas, N., Facchini, M. C., Seinfeld, J. H., and O'Dowd, C.: Surface tension prevails over solute effect in organic-influenced cloud droplet activation, Nature, 546, 637–641, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature22806, 2017.
Perring, A. E., Schwarz, J. P., Baumgardner, D., Hernandez, M. T., Spracklen, D. V., Heald, C. L., Gao, R. S., Kok, G., McMeeking, G. R., McQuaid, J. B., and Fahey, D. W.: Airborne observations of regional variation in fluorescent aerosol across the United States, J. Geophys. Res., 120, 1153–1170, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022495, 2015.
Petters, M. D. and Kreidenweis, S. M.: A single parameter representation of hygroscopic growth and cloud condensation nucleus activity, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 1961–1971, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-1961-2007, 2007.
Pöhlker, C., Huffman, J. A., Förster, J. D., and Pöschl, U.: Autofluorescence of atmospheric bioaerosols: spectral fingerprints and taxonomic trends of pollen, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 6, 3369–3392, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-3369-2013, 2013.
Pope, F. D.: Pollen grains are efficient cloud condensation nuclei, Environ. Res. Lett., 5, 044015, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/5/4/044015, 2010.
Pöschl, U.: Atmospheric aerosols: Composition, transformation, climate and health effects, Angew. Chem. Int. Edit., 44, 7520–7540, https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200501122, 2005.
Pöschl, U. and Shiraiwa, M.: Multiphase Chemistry at the Atmosphere-Biosphere Interface Influencing Climate and Public Health in the Anthropocene, Chem. Rev., 115, 4440–4475, https://doi.org/10.1021/cr500487s, 2015.
Pósfai, M., Xu, H., Anderson, J. R., and Buseck, P. R.: Wet and dry sizes of atmospheric aerosol particles: An AFM-TEM Study, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 1907–1910, https://doi.org/10.1029/98gl01416, 1998.
Pouzet, G., Peghaire, E., Aguès, M., Baray, J. L., Conen, F., and Amato, P.: Atmospheric processing and variability of biological ice nucleating particles in precipitation at Opme, France, Atmosphere, 8, 229, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos8110229, 2017.
Pratt, K. A., Demott, P. J., French, J. R., Wang, Z., Westphal, D. L., Heymsfield, A. J., Twohy, C. H., Prenni, A. J., and Prather, K. A.: In situ detection of biological particles in cloud ice-crystals, Nat. Geosci., 2, 398–401, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo521, 2009.
Prenni, A. J., Petters, M. D., Kreidenweis, S. M., Heald, C. L., Martin, S. T., Artaxo, P., Garland, R. M., Wollny, A. G., and Pöschl, U.: Relative roles of biogenic emissions and saharan dust as ice nuclei in the amazon basin, Nat. Geosci., 2, 402–405, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo517, 2009.
Price, P. B. and Sowers, T.: Temperature dependence of metabolic rates for microbial growth, maintenance, and survival, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 101, 4631–4636, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0400522101, 2004.
Prisle, N. L., Lin, J. J., Purdue, S., Lin, H., Meredith, J. C., and Nenes, A.: Cloud condensation nuclei activity of six pollenkitts and the influence of their surface activity, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 4741–4761, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-4741-2019, 2019.
Pruppacher, H. R. and Klett, J. D.: Microphysics of clouds and precipitation,
Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, the Netherlands, 1997.
Prussin, A. J., Garcia, E. B., and Marr, L. C.: Total concentrations of virus and bacteria in indoor and outdoor air, Environ. Sci. Tech. Let., 2, 84–88, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.5b00050, 2015.
Pšenčík, J., Ikonen, T. P., Laurinmäki, P., Merckel, M. C., Butcher, S. J., Serimaa, R. E., and Tuma, R.: Lamellar organization of pigments in chlorosomes, the light harvesting complexes of green photosynthetic bacteria, Biophys. J., 87, 1165–1172, https://doi.org/10.1529/biophysj.104.040956, 2004.
Pummer, B. G., Budke, C., Augustin-Bauditz, S., Niedermeier, D., Felgitsch, L., Kampf, C. J., Huber, R. G., Liedl, K. R., Loerting, T., Moschen, T., Schauperl, M., Tollinger, M., Morris, C. E., Wex, H., Grothe, H., Pöschl, U., Koop, T., and Fröhlich-Nowoisky, J.: Ice nucleation by water-soluble macromolecules, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 4077–4091, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-4077-2015, 2015.
Randles, C. A., Russell, L. M., and Ramaswamy, V.: Hygroscopic and optical properties of organic sea salt aerosol and consequences for climate forcing,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L16108, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GL020628, 2004.
Renard, P., Canet, I., Sancelme, M., Wirgot, N., Deguillaume, L., and Delort, A.-M.: Screening of cloud microorganisms isolated at the Puy de Dôme (France) station for the production of biosurfactants, Atmos. Chem. Phys.,
16, 12347–12358, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-12347-2016, 2016.
Roberts, G. C., Andreae, M. O., Zhou, J., and Artaxo, P.: Cloud condensation nuclei in the Amazon Basin: “Marine” conditions over a continent?, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 2807–2810, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000GL012585, 2001.
Rose, D., Gunthe, S. S., Mikhailov, E., Frank, G. P., Dusek, U., Andreae, M. O., and Pöschl, U.: Calibration and measurement uncertainties of a continuous-flow cloud condensation nuclei counter (DMT-CCNC): CCN activation of ammonium sulfate and sodium chloride aerosol particles in theory and experiment, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 1153–1179, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-1153-2008, 2008.
Ruehl, C. R., Davies, J. F., and Wilson, K. R.: An interfacial mechanism for cloud droplet formation on organic aerosols, Science, 351, 1447–1450, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad4889, 2016.
Sahyoun, M., Korsholm, U. S., Sørensen, J. H., Šantl-Temkiv, T., Finster, K., Gosewinkel, U., and Nielsen, N. W.: Impact of bacterial ice nucleating particles on weather predicted by a numerical weather prediction model, Atmos. Environ., 170, 33–44, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.09.029, 2017.
Šantl-Temkiv, T., Sikoparija, B., Maki, T., Carotenuto, F., Amato, P., Yao, M., Morris, C. E., Schnell, R., Jaenicke, R., Pöhlker, C., DeMott, P. J., Hill, T. C. J., and Huffman, J. A.: Bioaerosol field measurements: Challenges and perspectives in outdoor studies, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 54, 520–546, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2019.1676395, 2020.
Sattler, B., Puxbaum, H., and Psenner, R.: Bacterial growth in supercooled cloud droplets, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 239–242, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000GL011684, 2001.
Schmid, D., Pridmore, D., Capitani, G., Battistutta, R., Neeser, J. R., and Jann, A.: Molecular organisation of the ice nucleation protein InaV from Pseudomonas syringae, FEBS Lett., 414, 590–594, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-5793(97)01079-X, 1997.
Schneider, J., Freutel, F., Zorn, S. R., Chen, Q., Farmer, D. K., Jimenez, J. L., Martin, S. T., Artaxo, P., Wiedensohler, A., and Borrmann, S.: Mass-spectrometric identification of primary biological particle markers and application to pristine submicron aerosol measurements in Amazonia, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 11415–11429, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-11415-2011, 2011.
Schumacher, C. J., Pöhlker, C., Aalto, P., Hiltunen, V., Petäjä, T., Kulmala, M., Pöschl, U., and Huffman, J. A.: Seasonal cycles of fluorescent biological aerosol particles in boreal and semi-arid forests of Finland and Colorado, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 11987–12001, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-11987-2013, 2013.
Sesartic, A., Lohmann, U., and Storelvmo, T.: Bacteria in the ECHAM5-HAM global climate model, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 8645–8661, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-8645-2012, 2012.
Setlow, P.: I will survive: DNA protection in bacterial spores, Trends Microbiol., 15, 172–180, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2007.02.004, 2007.
Shen, F., Zheng, Y., Niu, M., Zhou, F., Wu, Y., Wang, J., Zhu, T., Wu, Y., Wu, Z., Hu, M., and Zhu, T.: Characteristics of biological particulate matters at urban and rural sites in the North China Plain, Environ. Pollut.,
253, 569–577, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2019.07.033, 2019.
Sheng, G. P., Yu, H. Q., and Li, X. Y.: Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of microbial aggregates in biological wastewater treatment systems: A review, Biotechnol. Adv., 28, 882–894, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2010.08.001, 2010.
Shiraiwa, M., Selzle, K., Yang, H., Sosedova, Y., Ammann, M., and Pöschl, U.: Multiphase chemical kinetics of the nitration of aerosolized protein by ozone and nitrogen dioxide, Environ. Sci. Technol., 46, 6672–6680, https://doi.org/10.1021/es300871b, 2012.
Smets, W., Moretti, S., Denys, S., and Lebeer, S.: Airborne bacteria in the atmosphere: Presence, purpose, and potential, Atmos. Environ., 139, 214–221, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.05.038, 2016.
Steiner, A. L., Brooks, S. D., Deng, C., Thornton, D. C., Pendleton, M. W., and Bryant, V.: Pollen as atmospheric cloud condensation nuclei, Geophys. Res. Lett., 42, 3596–3602, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL064060, 2015.
Stevens, B. and Feingold, G.: Untangling aerosol effects on clouds and precipitation in a buffered system, Nature, 461, 607–613, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08281, 2009.
Stocker, T. F., Dahe, Q., and Plattner, G.-K.: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis, in: Working Group I Contribution to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Summary for Policymakers (IPCC, 2013), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2013.
Sun, J. and Ariya, P. A.: Atmospheric organic and bio-aerosols as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN): A review, Atmos. Environ., 40, 795–820, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.05.052, 2006.
Suphioglu, C., Singh, M. B., Taylor, P., Knox, R. B., Bellomo, R., Holmes, P., and Puy, R.: Mechanism of grass-pollen-induced asthma, Lancet, 339, 569–572, https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(92)90864-Y, 1992.
Tang, M., Gu, W., Ma, Q., Li, Y. J., Zhong, C., Li, S., Yin, X., Huang, R.-J., He, H., and Wang, X.: Water adsorption and hygroscopic growth of six anemophilous pollen species: the effect of temperature, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 2247–2258, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-2247-2019, 2019.
Taylor, P. E., Flagan, R. C., Valenta, R., and Glovsky, M. M.: Release of allergens as respirable aerosols: A link between grass pollen and asthma, J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 109, 51–56, https://doi.org/10.1067/mai.2002.120759, 2002.
Taylor, P. E., Flagan, R. C., Miguel, A. G., Valenta, R., and Glovsky, M. M.:
Birch pollen rupture and the release of aerosols of respirable allergens,
Clin. Exp. Allergy, 34, 1591–1596, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.02078.x, 2004.
Thrush, E., Brown, D. M., Salciccioli, N., Gomes, J., Brown, A., Siegrist, K., Thomas, M. E., Boggs, N. T., and Carter, C. C.: Optical properties and cross-sections of biological aerosols, Proc. SPIE, 7665, 766507, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.850464, 2010.
Tong, Y. and Lighthart, B.: Diurnal distribution of total and culturable atmospheric bacteria at a rural site, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 30, 246–254, https://doi.org/10.1080/027868299304822, 1999.
Tobo, Y., Prenni, A. J., Demott, P. J., Huffman, J. A., McCluskey, C. S., Tian, G., Pöhlker, C., Pöschl, U., and Kreidenweis, S. M.: Biological aerosol particles as a key determinant of ice nuclei populations in a forest ecosystem, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 118, 10100–10110, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50801, 2013.
Tolocka, M. P., Jang, M., Ginter, J. M., Cox, F. J., Kamens, R. M., and Johnston, M. V.: Formation of Oligomers in Secondary Organic Aerosol, Environ. Sci. Technol., 38, 1428–1434, https://doi.org/10.1021/es035030r, 2004.
Tong, Y. and Lighthart, B.: The annual bacterial particle concentration and size distribution in the ambient atmosphere in a rural area of the Willamette Valley, Oregon, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 32, 393–403, https://doi.org/10.1080/027868200303533, 2000.
Turner, M. A., Arellano, F., and Kozloff, L. M.: Three separate classes of bacterial ice nucleation structures, J. Bacteriol., 172, 2521–2526, https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.172.5.2521-2526.1990, 1990.
Vaïtilingom, M., Amato, P., Sancelme, M., Laj, P., Leriche, M., and Delort, A. M.: Contribution of microbial activity to carbon chemistry in clouds, Appl. Environ. Microb., 76, 23–29, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01127-09, 2010.
Valsan, A. E., Priyamvada, H., Ravikrishna, R., Després, V. R., Biju, C. V., Sahu, L. K., Kumar, A., Verma, R. S., Philip, L., and Gunthe, S. S.:
Morphological characteristics of bioaerosols from contrasting locations in southern tropical India – A case study, Atmos. Environ., 122, 321–331, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.09.071, 2015.
Verreault, D., Moineau, S., and Duchaine, C.: Methods for Sampling of Airborne Viruses, Microbiol. Mol. Biol. R., 72, 413–444, https://doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.00002-08, 2008.
Vrede, K., Heldal, M., Norland, S., and Bratbak, G.: Elemental composition (C, N, P) and cell volume of exponentially growing and nutrient-limited bacterioplankton, Appl. Environ. Microb., 68, 2965–2971, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.68.6.2965-2971.2002, 2002.
Weesendorp, E., Landman, W. J. M., Stegeman, A., and Loeffen, W. L. A.:
Detection and quantification of classical swine fever virus in air samples originating from infected pigs and experimentally produced aerosols, Vet. Microbiol., 127, 50–62, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.08.013, 2008.
Wei, K., Zou, Z., Zheng, Y., Li, J., Shen, F., Wu, C. yu, Wu, Y., Hu, M., and Yao, M.: Ambient bioaerosol particle dynamics observed during haze and sunny days in Beijing, Sci. Total Environ., 550, 751–759, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.137, 2016.
Whitehead, J. D., Darbyshire, E., Brito, J., Barbosa, H. M. J., Crawford, I., Stern, R., Gallagher, M. W., Kaye, P. H., Allan, J. D., Coe, H., Artaxo, P., and McFiggans, G.: Biogenic cloud nuclei in the central Amazon during the transition from wet to dry season, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 9727–9743, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9727-2016, 2016.
Wirgot, N., Vinatier, V., Deguillaume, L., Sancelme, M., and Delort, A.-M.:
H2O2 modulates the energetic metabolism of the cloud microbiome,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 14841–14851, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14841-2017, 2017.
Wittmaack, K., Wehnes, H., Heinzmann, U., and Agerer, R.: An overview on bioaerosols viewed by scanning electron microscopy, Sci. Total Environ., 346, 244–255, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.11.009, 2005.
Wozniak, M. C., Steiner, A. L., and Solmon, F.: Pollen Rupture and Its Impact on Precipitation in Clean Continental Conditions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 45, 7156–7164, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL077692, 2018.
Wu, Y., Chen, A., Luhung, I., Gall, E. T., Cao, Q., Chang, V. W. C., and Nazaroff, W. W.: Bioaerosol deposition on an air-conditioning cooling coil,
Atmos. Environ., 144, 257–265, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.09.004, 2016.
Xie, B., Gu, J., and Lu, J.: Surface properties of bacteria from activated sludge in relation to bioflocculation, J. Environ. Sci., 22, 1840–1845, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1001-0742(09)60329-6, 2010.
Yi, B., Hsu, C. N., Yang, P., and Tsay, S. C.: Radiative transfer simulation of dust-like aerosols: Uncertainties from particle shape and refractive index, J. Aerosol Sci., 42, 631–644, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2011.06.008, 2011.
Yu, X., Wang, Z., Zhang, M., Kuhn, U., Xie, Z., Cheng, Y., Pöschl, U., and Su, H.: Ambient measurement of fluorescent aerosol particles with a WIBS in the Yangtze River Delta of China: potential impacts of combustion-related aerosol particles, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 11337–11348, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-11337-2016, 2016.
Zhang, M., Klimach, T., Ma, N., Könemann, T., Pöhlker, C., Wang, Z., Kuhn, U., Scheck, N., Pöschl, U., Su, H., and Cheng, Y.: Size-Resolved Single-Particle Fluorescence Spectrometer for Real-Time Analysis of Bioaerosols: Laboratory Evaluation and Atmospheric Measurements, Environ. Sci. Technol., 53, 13257–13264, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b01862, 2019.
Ziemba, L. D., Beyersdorf, A. J., Chen, G., Corr, C. A., Crumeyrolle, S. N., Diskin, G., Hudgins, C., Martin, R., Mikoviny, T., Moore, R., Shook, M., Lee Thornhill, K., Winstead, E. L., Wisthaler, A., and Anderson, B. E.: Airborne observations of bioaerosol over the Southeast United States using a Wideband Integrated Bioaerosol Sensor, J. Geophys. Res., 121, 8506–8524, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD024669, 2016.
Download
- Article
(7064 KB) - Full-text XML
Short summary
Although primary biological aerosol particles (PBAPs, bioaerosols) represent a small fraction of total atmospheric aerosol burden, they might affect climate and public health. We summarize which PBAP properties are important to affect their inclusion in clouds and interaction with light and might also affect their residence time and transport in the atmosphere. Our study highlights that not only chemical and physical but also biological processes can modify these physicochemical properties.
Although primary biological aerosol particles (PBAPs, bioaerosols) represent a small fraction of...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint