Articles | Volume 19, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-5127-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-5127-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
16 Apr 2019
Research article |
| 16 Apr 2019
| 16 Apr 2019
Intercomparison of O3 formation and radical chemistry in the past decade at a suburban site in Hong Kong
Xufei Liu
Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental
Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Xiaopu Lyu
Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental
Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Yu Wang
Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental
Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Fei Jiang
Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science
and Technology, International Institute for Earth System Science, Nanjing
University, Nanjing, China
Air Quality Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental
Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Related authors
No articles found.
Shuzhuang Feng, Fei Jiang, Yongguang Zhang, Huilin Chen, Honglin Zhuang, Shumin Wang, Shengxi Bai, Hengmao Wang, and Weimin Ju
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2669, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2669, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
Using satellite data and advanced modeling, this study inverted daily high-resolution anthropogenic CH4 emissions across China and Shanxi Province. We found that China's 2022 CH4 emissions were 45.1 TgCH4·yr⁻¹, significantly lower than previous estimates, especially in coal mining and waste sectors. The inversion substantially reduced emission uncertainties and improved CH4 concentration simulations. These results suggest China’s climate mitigation burden may have been overestimated.
Hongxing Jiang, Yuanghang Deng, Yunxi Huo, Fengwen Wang, Yingjun Chen, and Hai Guo
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2264, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2264, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We combined the use of a series of online and offline high-resolution mass spectrometer to characterize the chemical composition and sources of organic aerosols in a background site of south China from bulk to molecular levels. We suggested that anthropogenic source dominated the OA origins, and the gas-phase and particle-phase oxidation processes are conducive to the formation of sulfur-containing and nitrogen-containing compounds, respectively.
Pierre Friedlingstein, Michael O'Sullivan, Matthew W. Jones, Robbie M. Andrew, Judith Hauck, Peter Landschützer, Corinne Le Quéré, Hongmei Li, Ingrid T. Luijkx, Are Olsen, Glen P. Peters, Wouter Peters, Julia Pongratz, Clemens Schwingshackl, Stephen Sitch, Josep G. Canadell, Philippe Ciais, Robert B. Jackson, Simone R. Alin, Almut Arneth, Vivek Arora, Nicholas R. Bates, Meike Becker, Nicolas Bellouin, Carla F. Berghoff, Henry C. Bittig, Laurent Bopp, Patricia Cadule, Katie Campbell, Matthew A. Chamberlain, Naveen Chandra, Frédéric Chevallier, Louise P. Chini, Thomas Colligan, Jeanne Decayeux, Laique M. Djeutchouang, Xinyu Dou, Carolina Duran Rojas, Kazutaka Enyo, Wiley Evans, Amanda R. Fay, Richard A. Feely, Daniel J. Ford, Adrianna Foster, Thomas Gasser, Marion Gehlen, Thanos Gkritzalis, Giacomo Grassi, Luke Gregor, Nicolas Gruber, Özgür Gürses, Ian Harris, Matthew Hefner, Jens Heinke, George C. Hurtt, Yosuke Iida, Tatiana Ilyina, Andrew R. Jacobson, Atul K. Jain, Tereza Jarníková, Annika Jersild, Fei Jiang, Zhe Jin, Etsushi Kato, Ralph F. Keeling, Kees Klein Goldewijk, Jürgen Knauer, Jan Ivar Korsbakken, Xin Lan, Siv K. Lauvset, Nathalie Lefèvre, Zhu Liu, Junjie Liu, Lei Ma, Shamil Maksyutov, Gregg Marland, Nicolas Mayot, Patrick C. McGuire, Nicolas Metzl, Natalie M. Monacci, Eric J. Morgan, Shin-Ichiro Nakaoka, Craig Neill, Yosuke Niwa, Tobias Nützel, Lea Olivier, Tsuneo Ono, Paul I. Palmer, Denis Pierrot, Zhangcai Qin, Laure Resplandy, Alizée Roobaert, Thais M. Rosan, Christian Rödenbeck, Jörg Schwinger, T. Luke Smallman, Stephen M. Smith, Reinel Sospedra-Alfonso, Tobias Steinhoff, Qing Sun, Adrienne J. Sutton, Roland Séférian, Shintaro Takao, Hiroaki Tatebe, Hanqin Tian, Bronte Tilbrook, Olivier Torres, Etienne Tourigny, Hiroyuki Tsujino, Francesco Tubiello, Guido van der Werf, Rik Wanninkhof, Xuhui Wang, Dongxu Yang, Xiaojuan Yang, Zhen Yu, Wenping Yuan, Xu Yue, Sönke Zaehle, Ning Zeng, and Jiye Zeng
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 965–1039, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-965-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-965-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The Global Carbon Budget 2024 describes the methodology, main results, and datasets used to quantify the anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and their partitioning among the atmosphere, land ecosystems, and the ocean over the historical period (1750–2024). These living datasets are updated every year to provide the highest transparency and traceability in the reporting of CO2, the key driver of climate change.
Yu Mao, Weimin Ju, Hengmao Wang, Liangyun Liu, Haikun Wang, Shuzhuang Feng, Mengwei Jia, and Fei Jiang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3672, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3672, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The Russia-Ukraine war in 2022 severely disrupted Ukraine’s economy, with significant reductions in industrial, transportation, and residential activities. Our research used satellite data to track changes in nitrogen oxide emissions, a key indicator of human activity, during the war. We found a 28 % decline in emissions, which was twice of the decrease caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study highlights how modern warfare can deeply impact both the environment and economic stability.
Xingyu Wang, Fei Jiang, Hengmao Wang, Zhengqi Zhang, Mousong Wu, Jun Wang, Wei He, Weimin Ju, and Jing M. Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 867–880, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-867-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-867-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The role of OCO-3 XCO2 retrievals in estimating global terrestrial carbon fluxes is unclear. We investigate this by assimilating OCO-3 XCO2 retrievals alone and in combination with OCO-2 XCO2. The assimilation of OCO-3 XCO2 alone underestimates global land sinks, mainly at high latitudes, due to the lack of observations beyond 52° S and 52° N, large variations in the number of data, and varying observation times, while the joint assimilation of OCO-2 and OCO-3 XCO2 has the best performance.
Ran Yan, Jun Wang, Weimin Ju, Xiuli Xing, Miao Yu, Meirong Wang, Jingye Tan, Xunmei Wang, Hengmao Wang, and Fei Jiang
Biogeosciences, 21, 5027–5043, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5027-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-5027-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Our study reveals that the effects of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) on China's gross primary production (GPP) are basically opposite, with obvious seasonal changes. Soil moisture primarily influences GPP during ENSO events (except spring) and temperature during IOD events (except fall). Quantitatively, China's annual GPP displays modest positive anomalies during La Niña and negative anomalies in El Niño years, driven by significant seasonal variations.
Huajie Zhu, Mousong Wu, Fei Jiang, Michael Vossbeck, Thomas Kaminski, Xiuli Xing, Jun Wang, Weimin Ju, and Jing M. Chen
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 6337–6363, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-6337-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-6337-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we developed the Nanjing University Carbon Assimilation System (NUCAS v1.0). Data assimilation experiments were conducted to demonstrate the robustness and investigate the feasibility and applicability of NUCAS. The assimilation of ecosystem carbonyl sulfide (COS) fluxes improved the model performance in gross primary productivity, evapotranspiration, and sensible heat, showing that COS provides constraints on parameters relevant to carbon-, water-, and energy-related processes.
Huajie Zhu, Xiuli Xing, Mousong Wu, Weimin Ju, and Fei Jiang
Biogeosciences, 21, 3735–3760, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3735-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-3735-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ecosystem carbonyl sulfide (COS) fluxes were employed to optimize GPP estimation across ecosystems with the Biosphere-atmosphere Exchange Process Simulator (BEPS), which was developed for simulating the canopy COS uptake under its state-of-the-art two-leaf modeling framework. Our results showcased the efficacy of COS in improving model prediction and reducing prediction uncertainty of GPP and enhanced insights into the sensitivity, identifiability, and interactions of parameters related to COS.
Shuzhuang Feng, Fei Jiang, Tianlu Qian, Nan Wang, Mengwei Jia, Songci Zheng, Jiansong Chen, Fang Ying, and Weimin Ju
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7481–7498, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7481-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7481-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a multi-air-pollutant inversion system to estimate non-methane volatile organic compound (NMVOC) emissions using TROPOMI formaldehyde retrievals. We found that the inversion significantly improved formaldehyde simulations and reduced NMVOC emission uncertainties. The optimized NMVOC emissions effectively corrected the overestimation of O3 levels, mainly by decreasing the rate of the RO2 + NO reaction and increasing the rate of the NO2 + OH reaction.
Hongyong Li, Xiaopu Lyu, Likun Xue, Yunxi Huo, Dawen Yao, Haoxian Lu, and Hai Guo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7085–7100, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7085-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7085-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Organic aerosol is ubiquitous in the atmosphere and largely explains the gap between current levels of fine particulate matter in many cities and the World Health Organization guideline values. This study highlights the dominant contributions of cooking emissions to organic aerosol when marine air prevailed in Hong Kong, which were occasionally overwhelmed by aromatics-derived secondary organic aerosol in continental ouflows.
Yongliang She, Jingyi Li, Xiaopu Lyu, Hai Guo, Momei Qin, Xiaodong Xie, Kangjia Gong, Fei Ye, Jianjiong Mao, Lin Huang, and Jianlin Hu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 219–233, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-219-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-219-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we use multi-site volatile organic compound (VOC) measurements to evaluate the CMAQ-model-predicted VOCs and assess the impacts of VOC bias on O3 simulation. Our results demonstrate that current modeling setups and emission inventories are likely to underpredict VOC concentrations, and this underprediction of VOCs contributes to lower O3 predictions in China.
Pierre Friedlingstein, Michael O'Sullivan, Matthew W. Jones, Robbie M. Andrew, Dorothee C. E. Bakker, Judith Hauck, Peter Landschützer, Corinne Le Quéré, Ingrid T. Luijkx, Glen P. Peters, Wouter Peters, Julia Pongratz, Clemens Schwingshackl, Stephen Sitch, Josep G. Canadell, Philippe Ciais, Robert B. Jackson, Simone R. Alin, Peter Anthoni, Leticia Barbero, Nicholas R. Bates, Meike Becker, Nicolas Bellouin, Bertrand Decharme, Laurent Bopp, Ida Bagus Mandhara Brasika, Patricia Cadule, Matthew A. Chamberlain, Naveen Chandra, Thi-Tuyet-Trang Chau, Frédéric Chevallier, Louise P. Chini, Margot Cronin, Xinyu Dou, Kazutaka Enyo, Wiley Evans, Stefanie Falk, Richard A. Feely, Liang Feng, Daniel J. Ford, Thomas Gasser, Josefine Ghattas, Thanos Gkritzalis, Giacomo Grassi, Luke Gregor, Nicolas Gruber, Özgür Gürses, Ian Harris, Matthew Hefner, Jens Heinke, Richard A. Houghton, George C. Hurtt, Yosuke Iida, Tatiana Ilyina, Andrew R. Jacobson, Atul Jain, Tereza Jarníková, Annika Jersild, Fei Jiang, Zhe Jin, Fortunat Joos, Etsushi Kato, Ralph F. Keeling, Daniel Kennedy, Kees Klein Goldewijk, Jürgen Knauer, Jan Ivar Korsbakken, Arne Körtzinger, Xin Lan, Nathalie Lefèvre, Hongmei Li, Junjie Liu, Zhiqiang Liu, Lei Ma, Greg Marland, Nicolas Mayot, Patrick C. McGuire, Galen A. McKinley, Gesa Meyer, Eric J. Morgan, David R. Munro, Shin-Ichiro Nakaoka, Yosuke Niwa, Kevin M. O'Brien, Are Olsen, Abdirahman M. Omar, Tsuneo Ono, Melf Paulsen, Denis Pierrot, Katie Pocock, Benjamin Poulter, Carter M. Powis, Gregor Rehder, Laure Resplandy, Eddy Robertson, Christian Rödenbeck, Thais M. Rosan, Jörg Schwinger, Roland Séférian, T. Luke Smallman, Stephen M. Smith, Reinel Sospedra-Alfonso, Qing Sun, Adrienne J. Sutton, Colm Sweeney, Shintaro Takao, Pieter P. Tans, Hanqin Tian, Bronte Tilbrook, Hiroyuki Tsujino, Francesco Tubiello, Guido R. van der Werf, Erik van Ooijen, Rik Wanninkhof, Michio Watanabe, Cathy Wimart-Rousseau, Dongxu Yang, Xiaojuan Yang, Wenping Yuan, Xu Yue, Sönke Zaehle, Jiye Zeng, and Bo Zheng
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 5301–5369, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5301-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5301-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The Global Carbon Budget 2023 describes the methodology, main results, and data sets used to quantify the anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and their partitioning among the atmosphere, land ecosystems, and the ocean over the historical period (1750–2023). These living datasets are updated every year to provide the highest transparency and traceability in the reporting of CO2, the key driver of climate change.
Shuzhuang Feng, Fei Jiang, Zheng Wu, Hengmao Wang, Wei He, Yang Shen, Lingyu Zhang, Yanhua Zheng, Chenxi Lou, Ziqiang Jiang, and Weimin Ju
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 5949–5977, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5949-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5949-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We document the system development and application of a Regional multi-Air Pollutant Assimilation System (RAPAS v1.0). This system is developed to optimize gridded source emissions of CO, SO2, NOx, primary PM2.5, and coarse PM10 on a regional scale via simultaneously assimilating surface measurements of CO, SO2, NO2, PM2.5, and PM10. A series of sensitivity experiments demonstrates the advantage of the “two-step” inversion strategy and the robustness of the system in estimating the emissions.
Fei Jiang, Weimin Ju, Wei He, Mousong Wu, Hengmao Wang, Jun Wang, Mengwei Jia, Shuzhuang Feng, Lingyu Zhang, and Jing M. Chen
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 3013–3037, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3013-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3013-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A 10-year (2010–2019) global monthly terrestrial NEE dataset (GCAS2021) was inferred from the GOSAT ACOS v9 XCO2 product. It shows strong carbon sinks over eastern N. America, the Amazon, the Congo Basin, Europe, boreal forests, southern China, and Southeast Asia. It has good quality and can reflect the impacts of extreme climates and large-scale climate anomalies on carbon fluxes well. We believe that this dataset can contribute to regional carbon budget assessment and carbon dynamics research.
Xuewu Fu, Chen Liu, Hui Zhang, Yue Xu, Hui Zhang, Jun Li, Xiaopu Lyu, Gan Zhang, Hai Guo, Xun Wang, Leiming Zhang, and Xinbin Feng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 6721–6734, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6721-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6721-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
TGM concentrations and isotopic compositions in 10 Chinese cities showed strong seasonality with higher TGM concentrations and Δ199Hg and lower δ202Hg in summer. We found the seasonal variations in TGM concentrations and isotopic compositions were highly related to regional surface Hg(0) emissions, suggesting land surface Hg(0) emissions are an important source of atmospheric TGM that contribute dominantly to the seasonal variations in TGM concentrations and isotopic compositions.
Fei Jiang, Hengmao Wang, Jing M. Chen, Weimin Ju, Xiangjun Tian, Shuzhuang Feng, Guicai Li, Zhuoqi Chen, Shupeng Zhang, Xuehe Lu, Jane Liu, Haikun Wang, Jun Wang, Wei He, and Mousong Wu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 1963–1985, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1963-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1963-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present a 6-year inversion from 2010 to 2015 for the global and regional carbon fluxes using only the GOSAT XCO2 retrievals. We find that the XCO2 retrievals could significantly improve the modeling of atmospheric CO2 concentrations and that the inferred interannual variations in the terrestrial carbon fluxes in most land regions have a better relationship with the changes in severe drought area or leaf area index, or are more consistent with the previous estimates about drought impact.
Zhenhao Ling, Qianqian Xie, Min Shao, Zhe Wang, Tao Wang, Hai Guo, and Xuemei Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 11451–11467, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11451-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11451-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The observation data from a receptor site in the Pearl River Delta region were analyzed by a photochemical box model with near-explicit chemical mechanisms (i.e., the Master Chemical Mechanism, MCM), improvements with reversible and irreversible heterogeneous processes of glyoxal and methylglyoxal, and the gas-particle partitioning of oxidation products in the present study.
Zhi-Zhen Ni, Kun Luo, Yang Gao, Xiang Gao, Fei Jiang, Cheng Huang, Jian-Ren Fan, Joshua S. Fu, and Chang-Hong Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 5963–5976, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5963-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5963-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Weather Research Forecast with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model was used to simulate spatial and temporal O3 evolution in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region. Various atmospheric processes were analyzed to determine the influential factors of ozone formation through the integrated process rate method. This paper provides insight into urban O3 formation and dispersion during tropical cyclone events and supports the Model Intercomparison Study Asia Phase III (MICS-Asia Phase III).
Fan Zhang, Hai Guo, Yingjun Chen, Volker Matthias, Yan Zhang, Xin Yang, and Jianmin Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 1549–1564, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1549-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1549-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Particulate matter (PM) emitted from ships has gained more attention in recent decades. Organic matter, elemental carbon, water-soluble ions and heavy metals in PM and particle numbers are the main points. However, studies of detailed chemical compositions in particles with different size ranges emitted from ships are in shortage. This study could bring new and detailed measurement data into the field of size-segregated particles from ships and be of great source emission interest.
Hengmao Wang, Fei Jiang, Jun Wang, Weimin Ju, and Jing M. Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 12067–12082, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12067-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12067-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The differences in inverted global and regional carbon fluxes from GOSAT and OCO-2 XCO2 from 1 January to 31 December 2015 are studied. We find significant differences for inverted terrestrial carbon fluxes on both global and regional scales. Overall, GOSAT XCO2 has a better performance than OCO-2, and GOSAT data can effectively improve carbon flux estimates in the Northern Hemisphere, while OCO-2 data, with the specific version used in this study, show only slight improvement.
Zhuoran He, Xuemei Wang, Zhenhao Ling, Jun Zhao, Hai Guo, Min Shao, and Zhe Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 8801–8816, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-8801-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-8801-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, source apportionment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and their contributions to photochemical O3 formation were analyzed by the positive matrix factorization model and an observation-based model using data collected at a receptor site in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region. Furthermore, the policies for controlling VOCs are briefly reviewed. The findings could provide quantitative information for devising appropriate measures against VOCs, NOx and O3 pollution in the PRD.
Anna Katinka Petersen, Guy P. Brasseur, Idir Bouarar, Johannes Flemming, Michael Gauss, Fei Jiang, Rostislav Kouznetsov, Richard Kranenburg, Bas Mijling, Vincent-Henri Peuch, Matthieu Pommier, Arjo Segers, Mikhail Sofiev, Renske Timmermans, Ronald van der A, Stacy Walters, Ying Xie, Jianming Xu, and Guangqiang Zhou
Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 1241–1266, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-1241-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-1241-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
An operational multi-model forecasting system for air quality is providing daily forecasts of ozone, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter for 37 urban areas of China. The paper presents the evaluation of the different forecasts performed during the first year of operation.
Xiaopu Lyu, Nan Wang, Hai Guo, Likun Xue, Fei Jiang, Yangzong Zeren, Hairong Cheng, Zhe Cai, Lihui Han, and Ying Zhou
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 3025–3042, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-3025-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-3025-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Through analyses on the synoptic systems, pollution characteristics of O3 precursors, and modeling of local O3 formation and processes influencing O3 level, we found that this O3 pollution event was induced by a uniform pressure field over the Shandong Peninsula and also aggravated by a low-pressure trough in the last few days. This finding indicated that the NCP might be an O3 source region, which exported photochemical pollution to the adjoining regions or even to the neighboring countries.
Guy P. Brasseur, Ying Xie, Anna Katinka Petersen, Idir Bouarar, Johannes Flemming, Michael Gauss, Fei Jiang, Rostislav Kouznetsov, Richard Kranenburg, Bas Mijling, Vincent-Henri Peuch, Matthieu Pommier, Arjo Segers, Mikhail Sofiev, Renske Timmermans, Ronald van der A, Stacy Walters, Jianming Xu, and Guangqiang Zhou
Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 33–67, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-33-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-33-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
An operational multi-model forecasting system for air quality provides daily forecasts of ozone, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter for 37 urban areas in China. The paper presents an intercomparison of the different forecasts performed during a specific period of time and highlights recurrent differences between the model output. Pathways to improve the forecasts by the multi-model system are suggested.
Derong Zhou, Ke Ding, Xin Huang, Lixia Liu, Qiang Liu, Zhengning Xu, Fei Jiang, Congbin Fu, and Aijun Ding
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 16345–16361, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16345-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16345-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the vertical distribution, transport characteristics, source contribution and meteorological feedback of dust, biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion aerosols for a unique pollution episode that occurred in late March 2015 in eastern Asia, based on various measurement data and modeling methods. We found that cold front played an important role in the long-range transport of different pollutants and caused a three-layer vertical structure of pollutants over eastern China.
Daocheng Gong, Hao Wang, Shenyang Zhang, Yu Wang, Shaw Chen Liu, Hai Guo, Min Shao, Congrong He, Duohong Chen, Lingyan He, Lei Zhou, Lidia Morawska, Yuanhang Zhang, and Boguang Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 14417–14432, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-14417-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-14417-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The complex air pollution in the air-polluted Pearl River Delta (PRD) region in southern China has significantly elevated the background atmospheric oxidative capacity of the adjacent forests and subsequently lowered the levels of important biogenic volatile organic compounds, such as isoprene, which probably affect the regional air quality and ecological environment in the long term.
Jun Wang, Ning Zeng, Meirong Wang, Fei Jiang, Jingming Chen, Pierre Friedlingstein, Atul K. Jain, Ziqiang Jiang, Weimin Ju, Sebastian Lienert, Julia Nabel, Stephen Sitch, Nicolas Viovy, Hengmao Wang, and Andrew J. Wiltshire
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 10333–10345, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-10333-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-10333-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Based on the Mauna Loa CO2 records and TRENDY multi-model historical simulations, we investigate the different impacts of EP and CP El Niños on interannual carbon cycle variability. Composite analysis indicates that the evolutions of CO2 growth rate anomalies have three clear differences in terms of precursors (negative and neutral), amplitudes (strong and weak), and durations of peak (Dec–Apr and Oct–Jan) during EP and CP El Niños, respectively. We further discuss their terrestrial mechanisms.
Zhi-zhen Ni, Kun Luo, Yang Gao, Fei Jiang, Xiang Gao, Jian-ren Fan, and Chang-hong Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2018-76, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2018-76, 2018
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
A unique mechanism was found to modulate the high ozone episodes in Hangzhou during G20 summit: Driven by tropical cyclone convergence, prevailing north winds brought in emission sources; with invasion of tropical cycle, subsidence air and stagnant weather was induced, as well as the urban heat island effect, intensifying the ozone enhancement. Different atmospheric processes were further analyzed to elucidate the control factors of ozone formation through integrated process rate method.
Hao Wang, Xiaopu Lyu, Hai Guo, Yu Wang, Shichun Zou, Zhenhao Ling, Xinming Wang, Fei Jiang, Yangzong Zeren, Wenzhuo Pan, Xiaobo Huang, and Jin Shen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 4277–4295, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-4277-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-4277-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
While oceanic air is generally thought to be clean, the air pollution over waters in proximity to the coasts is not well recognized. This research indicated that ozone was higher over South China Sea (SCS) than that in the adjacent continental area, while continental anticyclone, tropical cyclone and land breeze favored O3 formation over SCS. In addition, weaker NO titration and stronger atmospheric oxidative capacity led to higher O3 production efficiency over SCS.
Jun Wang, Ning Zeng, Meirong Wang, Fei Jiang, Hengmao Wang, and Ziqiang Jiang
Earth Syst. Dynam., 9, 1–14, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-1-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-1-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Behaviors of terrestrial ecosystems differ in different El Niños. We analyze terrestrial carbon cycle responses to two extreme El Niños (2015/16 and 1997/98), and find large differences. We find that global land–atmosphere carbon flux anomaly was about 2 times smaller in 2015/16 than in 1997/98 event, without the obvious lagged response. Then we illustrate the climatic and biological mechanisms of the different terrestrial carbon cycle responses in 2015/16 and 1997/98 El Niños regionally.
Yu Wang, Hao Wang, Hai Guo, Xiaopu Lyu, Hairong Cheng, Zhenhao Ling, Peter K. K. Louie, Isobel J. Simpson, Simone Meinardi, and Donald R. Blake
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 10919–10935, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10919-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10919-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Though the Hong Kong government has made great efforts toward a reduction in emissions, ambient O3 levels have presented an increasing trend in the past decade. Data analysis and model simulations indicated that the locally produced O3 in Hong Kong varied by seasons, while regional transport from the PRD region made a substantial contribution to ambient O3 in Hong Kong and even increased in autumn. This long-term study has important implications for other Chinese cities to reduce O3 pollution.
Xiaopu Lyu, Nan Chen, Hai Guo, Lewei Zeng, Weihao Zhang, Fan Shen, Jihong Quan, and Nan Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 10671–10687, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-10671-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-10671-2016, 2016
Zhenhao Ling, Hai Guo, Isobel Jane Simpson, Sandra Maria Saunders, Sean Ho Man Lam, Xiaopu Lyu, and Donald Ray Blake
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 8141–8156, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-8141-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-8141-2016, 2016
Xiaopu Lyu, Hai Guo, Isobel J. Simpson, Simone Meinardi, Peter K. K. Louie, Zhenhao Ling, Yu Wang, Ming Liu, Connie W. Y. Luk, Nan Wang, and Donald R. Blake
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 6609–6626, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6609-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6609-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, the effectiveness of a LPG converter replacement program was evaluated. It was found that LPG-related VOCs and NOx decreased significantly due to the implementation of the program. Source apportionment also revealed the reduction of VOCs and NOx in LPG-fueled vehicle exhaust. From before to during the program, O3 increased slightly, mainly due to the reduction of NOx in LPG-fueled vehicle exhaust. To retain zero O3 increment, the lowest reduction ratio of VOCs / NOx was determined.
Xuekun Fang, Min Shao, Andreas Stohl, Qiang Zhang, Junyu Zheng, Hai Guo, Chen Wang, Ming Wang, Jiamin Ou, Rona L. Thompson, and Ronald G. Prinn
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 3369–3382, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-3369-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-3369-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
This is the first study reporting top-down estimates of benzene and toluene emissions in southern China using atmospheric measurement data from a rural site in the area, an atmospheric transport model and an inverse modeling method. This study shows in detail the temporal and spatial differences between the inversion estimate and four different bottom-up emission inventories (RCP, REAS, MEIC; Yin et al., 2015). We propose that more observations are urgently needed in future.
K. Ding, J. Liu, A. Ding, Q. Liu, T. L. Zhao, J. Shi, Y. Han, H. Wang, and F. Jiang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 2843–2866, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2843-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2843-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
1. High CO abundances of 300-550 ppbv is shown in aircraft MOZAIC data between 700 and 300 hPa over East Asia in three episodes. Correspondingly, elevated CO is observed in satellite MOPITT data at similar altitudes.
2. GEOS-Chem and FLEXPART simulations reveal distinct uplifting processes for CO from fires and anthropogenic sources in the cases.
3. Topography in East Asia affects uplifting of CO in different ways.
4. The new version 5 MOPITT data can help diagnose vertical transport of CO.
H. Zheng, Y. Li, J. M. Chen, T. Wang, Q. Huang, W. X. Huang, L. H. Wang, S. M. Li, W. P. Yuan, X. Zheng, S. P. Zhang, Z. Q. Chen, and F. Jiang
Biogeosciences, 12, 1131–1150, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1131-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1131-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Ecological models often suffer from substantial biases due to inaccurate simulations of complex ecological processes. We introduce a set of scaling factors (parameters) for an ecological model on the basis of plant functional type (PFT) and latitudes. A global carbon assimilation system (GCAS-DOM) is developed by employing a dual optimization method (DOM) to invert the time-dependent ecological model parameter state and the net carbon flux state on 1 degree grid cells simultaneously.
F. Jiang, H. M. Wang, J. M. Chen, T. Machida, L. X. Zhou, W. M. Ju, H. Matsueda, and Y. Sawa
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 10133–10144, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-10133-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-10133-2014, 2014
L. K. Xue, T. Wang, H. Guo, D. R. Blake, J. Tang, X. C. Zhang, S. M. Saunders, and W. X. Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 8551–8567, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-8551-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-8551-2013, 2013
F. Jiang, H. W. Wang, J. M. Chen, L. X. Zhou, W. M. Ju, A. J. Ding, L. X. Liu, and W. Peters
Biogeosciences, 10, 5311–5324, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-5311-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-5311-2013, 2013
H. Guo, Z. H. Ling, K. Cheung, F. Jiang, D. W. Wang, I. J. Simpson, B. Barletta, S. Meinardi, T. J. Wang, X. M. Wang, S. M. Saunders, and D. R. Blake
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 3881–3898, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-3881-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-3881-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Gases | Research Activity: Field Measurements | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
Observation and modeling of atmospheric OH and HO2∗ radicals at a subtropical rural site and implications for secondary pollutants
Tracing elevated abundance of CH2Cl2 in the subarctic upper troposphere to the Asian Summer Monsoon
Carbonyl compounds from typical combustion sources: emission characteristics, influencing factors, and their contribution to ozone formation
Formation drivers and photochemical effects of ClNO2 in a coastal city of Southeast China
Significant influence of oxygenated volatile organic compounds on atmospheric chemistry: a case study in a typical industrial city in China
Global ground-based tropospheric ozone measurements: reference data and individual site trends (2000–2022) from the TOAR-II/HEGIFTOM project
Understanding summertime H2O2 chemistry in the North China Plain through observations and modeling studies
Volatile organic compound sources and impacts in an urban Mediterranean area (Marseille, France)
Short-lived organic nitrates in a suburban temperate forest: an indication of efficient assimilation of reactive nitrogen by the biosphere?
Spatiotemporal variations in atmospheric CH4 concentrations and enhancements in northern China based on a comprehensive dataset: ground-based observations, TROPOMI data, inventory data, and inversions
Marine emissions and trade winds control the atmospheric nitrous oxide in the Galapagos Islands
Measurement report: A complex street-level air quality observation campaign in a heavy-traffic area utilizing the multivariate adaptive regression splines method for field calibration of low-cost sensors
The impact of organic nitrates on summer ozone formation in Shanghai, China
Differences in the key volatile organic compound species between their emitted and ambient concentrations in ozone formation
Tracing Ammonia Emission Sources in California's Salton Sea Region: Insights from Airborne Longwave-Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging and Ground Monitoring
Mechanistic insights into chloroacetic acid production from atmospheric multiphase volatile organic compound–chlorine chemistry
Accurate elucidation of oxidation under heavy ozone pollution: a full suite of radical measurements in the chemically complex atmosphere
Isotopic signatures of methane emission from oil and natural gas plants in southwestern China
Emissions of intermediate-volatility and semi-volatile organic compounds (I/SVOCs) from different cumulative-mileage diesel vehicles at various ambient temperatures
Characterization of nitrous acid and its potential effects on secondary pollution in the warm season in Beijing urban areas
Vertical changes in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and impacts on photochemical ozone formation
Airborne quantification of Angolan offshore oil and gas methane emissions
Diurnal, seasonal, and interannual variations in δ(18O) of atmospheric O2 and its application to evaluate natural and anthropogenic changes in oxygen, carbon, and water cycles
Cloud processing of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) oxidation products limits sulfur dioxide (SO2) and carbonyl sulfide (OCS) production in the eastern North Atlantic marine boundary layer
Atmospheric carbonyl compounds are crucial in regional ozone heavy pollution: insights from the Chengdu Plain Urban Agglomeration, China
Evaluating urban methane emissions and their attributes in a megacity, Osaka, Japan, via mobile and eddy covariance measurements
Ozone (O3) observations in Saxony, Germany for 1997–2020: Trends, modelling and implications for O3 control
Understanding summertime peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) formation and its relation to aerosol pollution: insights from high-resolution measurements and modeling
Measurement report: Exploring the variations in ambient BTEX in urban Europe and their environmental health implications
Seasonal air concentration variability, gas–particle partitioning, precipitation scavenging, and air–water equilibrium of organophosphate esters in southern Canada
Measurement report: Surface exchange fluxes of HONO during the growth process of paddy fields in the Huaihe River Basin, China
Hemispheric differences in ozone across the stratosphere-troposphere exchange region
Molecular and seasonal characteristics of organic vapors in urban Beijing: insights from Vocus-PTR measurements
BVOC and speciated monoterpene concentrations and fluxes at a Scandinavian boreal forest
The variations in volatile organic compounds based on the policy change for Omicron in the traffic hub of Zhengzhou
On the dynamics of ozone depletion events at Villum Research Station in the High Arctic
Measurement report: Long-term measurements of surface ozone and trends in semi-natural sub-Saharan African ecosystems
Characterization of biogenic volatile organic compounds and their oxidation products in a stressed spruce-dominated forest close to a biogas power plant
Reactive chlorine-, sulfur-, and nitrogen-containing volatile organic compounds impact atmospheric chemistry in the megacity of Delhi during both clean and extremely polluted seasons
Analysis of the day-to-day variability of ozone vertical profiles in the lower troposphere during the 2022 Paris ACROSS campaign
Ozone deposition measurements over wheat fields in the North China Plain: variability and related factors of deposition flux and velocity
Consistency evaluation of tropospheric ozone from ozonesonde and IAGOS (In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System) observations: vertical distribution, ozonesonde types, and station–airport distance
CO2 and CO temporal variability over Mexico City from ground-based total column and surface measurements
Investigating carbonyl compounds above the Amazon rainforest using a proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-ToF-MS) with NO+ chemical ionization
Measurement report: In-flight and ground-based measurements of nitrogen oxide emissions from latest-generation jet engines and 100 % sustainable aviation fuel
Measurement report: Sources, sinks, and lifetime of NOx in a suburban temperate forest at night
Measurement report: Urban ammonia and amines in Houston, Texas
Biomass-burning sources control ambient particulate matter, but traffic and industrial sources control volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions and secondary-pollutant formation during extreme pollution events in Delhi
Multi-year observations of variable incomplete combustion in the New York megacity
Observations of the vertical distributions of summertime atmospheric pollutants in Nam Co: OH production and source analysis
Zhouxing Zou, Tianshu Chen, Qianjie Chen, Weihang Sun, Shichun Han, Zhuoyue Ren, Xinyi Li, Wei Song, Aoqi Ge, Qi Wang, Xiao Tian, Chenglei Pei, Xinming Wang, Yanli Zhang, and Tao Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 8147–8161, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8147-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8147-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We measured ambient OH and HO2* (HO2 and contribution from RO2, organic peroxyl radicals) concentrations at a subtropical rural site and compared our observations with model results. During warm periods, the model overestimated concentrations of OH and HO2, leading to overestimation of ozone and nitric acid production. Our findings highlight the need to better understand how OH and HO2 are formed and removed, which is important for accurate air quality and climate predictions.
Markus Jesswein, Valentin Lauther, Nicolas Emig, Peter Hoor, Timo Keber, Hans-Christoph Lachnitt, Linda Ort, Tanja Schuck, Johannes Strobel, Ronja Van Luijt, C. Michael Volk, Franziska Weyland, and Andreas Engel
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 8107–8126, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8107-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8107-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The study investigates transport within the Asian Summer Monsoon, focusing on how CH2Cl2 reaches the subarctic tropopause region. Using data from the PHILEAS campaign in 2023, events with increased mixing ratios were detected. Their origin, the transport paths to the tropopause region, and the potential entry into the stratosphere were analyzed. The East Asian Summer Monsoon was identified as the main transport pathway, with only a small contribution to the stratosphere in the following days.
Yanjie Lu, Xinxin Feng, Yanli Feng, Minjun Jiang, Yu Peng, Tian Chen, and Yingjun Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 8043–8059, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8043-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8043-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Through lab tests and field measurements from typical sources, we found that carbonyl compounds from biomass burning are an order of magnitude higher than those from vehicles. The formation of carbonyl compounds in solid and liquid fuel is governed by combustion temperature and emission standards, respectively. Fuel type determines the chemical composition. Biomass burning and farm machinery are key drivers of atmospheric oxidation capacity. This study provides actionable solutions to safeguard public health.
Gaojie Chen, Xiaolong Fan, Haichao Wang, Yee Jun Tham, Ziyi Lin, Xiaoting Ji, Lingling Xu, Baoye Hu, and Jinsheng Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 7815–7828, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7815-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7815-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Our study revealed that the nighttime heterogeneous dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) uptake process was the major contributor of nitryl chloride (ClNO2) sources, while nitrate photolysis may promote the elevation of daytime ClNO2 concentrations. The rates of alkane oxidation by chlorine (Cl) radical in the early morning exceeded those by OH radical, significantly promoted the formation of ROx and ozone (O3), and further enhanced the atmospheric oxidation capacity levels.
Jingwen Dai, Kun Zhang, Yanli Feng, Xin Yi, Rui Li, Jin Xue, Qing Li, Lishu Shi, Jiaqiang Liao, Yanan Yi, Fangting Wang, Liumei Yang, Hui Chen, Ling Huang, Jiani Tan, Yangjun Wang, and Li Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 7467–7484, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7467-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7467-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) are important ozone (O3) precursors. However, most O3 formation analysis based on the box model (OBM) does not include any OVOC constraint. To access the interference of OVOCs with O3 simulation, this study presents results from a field campaign and OBM analysis. Our results indicate that no OVOC constraint in the OBM can lead to overestimation of OVOCs, free radicals, and O3.
Roeland Van Malderen, Anne M. Thompson, Debra E. Kollonige, Ryan M. Stauffer, Herman G. J. Smit, Eliane Maillard Barras, Corinne Vigouroux, Irina Petropavlovskikh, Thierry Leblanc, Valérie Thouret, Pawel Wolff, Peter Effertz, David W. Tarasick, Deniz Poyraz, Gérard Ancellet, Marie-Renée De Backer, Stéphanie Evan, Victoria Flood, Matthias M. Frey, James W. Hannigan, José L. Hernandez, Marco Iarlori, Bryan J. Johnson, Nicholas Jones, Rigel Kivi, Emmanuel Mahieu, Glen McConville, Katrin Müller, Tomoo Nagahama, Justus Notholt, Ankie Piters, Natalia Prats, Richard Querel, Dan Smale, Wolfgang Steinbrecht, Kimberly Strong, and Ralf Sussmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 7187–7225, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7187-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7187-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Tropospheric ozone is an important greenhouse gas and is an air pollutant. The time variability of tropospheric ozone is mainly driven by anthropogenic emissions. In this paper, we study the distribution and time variability of ozone from harmonized ground-based observations from five different measurement techniques. Our findings provide clear standard references for atmospheric models and evolving tropospheric ozone satellite data for the 2000–2022 period.
Can Ye, Pengfei Liu, Chaoyang Xue, Chenglong Zhang, Zhuobiao Ma, Chengtang Liu, Junfeng Liu, Keding Lu, Yujing Mu, and Yuanhang Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 6991–7005, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6991-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6991-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates H2O2 chemistry in rural North China. The observed H2O2 showed distinct diurnal variations influenced by photochemical reactions. A box model revealed that H2O2 is primarily produced by HO2 recombination and removed mainly via particle uptake. Reductions in NOx, PM2.5, and alkanes raised H2O2 levels, while cutting alkenes, aromatics, CO, and HONO lowered them. A dual strategy focusing on VOC and NOx control is essential to reduce both H2O2 and ozone pollution.
Marvin Dufresne, Thérèse Salameh, Thierry Leonardis, Grégory Gille, Alexandre Armengaud, and Stéphane Sauvage
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 5977–5999, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5977-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5977-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This paper discusses the 18-month-long measurement of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in Marseille, where there was no measurement since early 2000, despite the impact of NMHCs on air quality and climate. Traffic-related sources are the largest contributor to NMHC concentrations in Marseille, and shipping strongly contributes to the formation of aerosols. Finally, the Covid-19 lockdown had an impact on NMHC concentrations, reaching a 50 % decrease for traffic-related sources.
Simone T. Andersen, Rolf Sander, Patrick Dewald, Laura Wüst, Tobias Seubert, Gunther N. T. E. Türk, Jan Schuladen, Max R. McGillen, Chaoyang Xue, Abdelwahid Mellouki, Alexandre Kukui, Vincent Michoud, Manuela Cirtog, Mathieu Cazaunau, Astrid Bauville, Hichem Bouzidi, Paola Formenti, Cyrielle Denjean, Jean-Claude Etienne, Olivier Garrouste, Christopher Cantrell, Jos Lelieveld, and John N. Crowley
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 5893–5909, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5893-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5893-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Measurements and modelling of reactive nitrogen gases observed in a suburban temperate forest in Rambouillet, France, circa 50 km southwest of Paris in 2022 indicate that the biosphere rapidly scavenges organic nitrates of mixed biogenic and anthropogenic origin, resulting in short lifetimes for, for example, alkyl nitrates and peroxy nitrates.
Pengfei Han, Ning Zeng, Bo Yao, Wen Zhang, Weijun Quan, Pucai Wang, Ting Wang, Minqiang Zhou, Qixiang Cai, Yuzhong Zhang, Ruosi Liang, Wanqi Sun, and Shengxiang Liu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 4965–4988, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4965-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4965-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Methane (CH4) is a potent greenhouse gas. Northern China contributes a large proportion of CH4 emissions, yet large observation gaps exist. Here we compiled a comprehensive dataset, which is publicly available, that includes ground-based, satellite-based, inventory, and modeling results to show the CH4 concentrations, enhancements, and spatial–temporal variations. The data can benefit the research community and policy-makers for future observations, atmospheric inversions, and policy-making.
Timur Cinay, Dickon Young, Nazaret Narváez Jimenez, Cristina Vintimilla-Palacios, Ariel Pila Alonso, Paul B. Krummel, William Vizuete, and Andrew R. Babbin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 4703–4718, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4703-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4703-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We present the initial 15 months of nitrous oxide measurements from the Galapagos Emissions Monitoring Station. The observed variability in atmospheric mole fractions during this period can be linked to several factors: seasonal variations in trade wind speed and direction across the eastern Pacific, differences in the transport history of air masses sampled, and spatiotemporal heterogeneity in regional marine nitrous oxide emissions from the coastal upwelling systems of Peru and Chile.
Petra Bauerová, Josef Keder, Adriana Šindelářová, Ondřej Vlček, William Patiño, Pavel Krč, Jan Geletič, Hynek Řezníček, Martin Bureš, Kryštof Eben, Michal Belda, Jelena Radović, Vladimír Fuka, Radek Jareš, Igor Esau, and Jaroslav Resler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 4477–4504, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4477-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4477-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The study explored urban air quality in Prague using low-cost sensors and highlighted the multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) correction method's effectiveness in enhancing accuracy. Results showed traffic's impact on nitrogen dioxide levels and atmospheric dynamics on particulate matter. The research confirmed MARS-corrected sensors as cost-effective for monitoring, despite challenges like sensor ageing and data quality control.
Chunmeng Li, Xiaorui Chen, Haichao Wang, Tianyu Zhai, Xuefei Ma, Xinping Yang, Shiyi Chen, Min Zhou, Shengrong Lou, Xin Li, Limin Zeng, and Keding Lu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 3905–3918, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3905-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3905-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study reports an observation of organic nitrate (including total peroxy nitrates and total alkyl nitrates) in Shanghai, China, during the summer of 2021, by homemade thermal dissociation cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (TD-CEAS; Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 4033–4051, 2021). The distribution of organic nitrates and their effects on local ozone production are analyzed based on field observations in conjunction with model simulations.
Xudong Zheng and Shaodong Xie
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 3807–3820, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3807-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3807-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
To reduce uncertainties in identifying the key volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ozone (O3) formation from ambient concentrations, this study comprehensively calculates the emitted VOC concentrations during both nighttime and daytime using the nitrate radical, O3, and hydroxyl radical reaction rates and ambient VOC concentrations. Based on the emitted concentrations, isoprene is one of the top three species contributing to O3 formation, which may be overlooked in observed concentrations.
Sina Hasheminassab, David M. Tratt, Olga V. Kalashnikova, Clement S. Chang, Morad Alvarez, Kerry N. Buckland, Michael J. Garay, Francesca M. Hopkins, Eric R. Keim, Le Kuai, Yaning Miao, Payam Pakbin, William C. Porter, and Mohammad H. Sowlat
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1378, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1378, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Ammonia (NH3) is a key air pollutant linked to fine particle pollution, yet its sources remain poorly understood. Using airborne infrared imaging and ground sensors, we mapped NH3 emissions in California’s Salton Sea region with unprecedented detail. We found high emissions from farms, geothermal plants, and waste sites, including sources missing from inventories. These findings highlight the need for better NH3 monitoring to improve air quality models and guide pollution reduction strategies.
Mingxue Li, Men Xia, Chunshui Lin, Yifan Jiang, Weihang Sun, Yurun Wang, Yingnan Zhang, Maoxia He, and Tao Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 3753–3764, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3753-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3753-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Our field campaigns observed a strong diel pattern of chloroacetic acid as well as a strong correlation between its level and that of reactive chlorine species at a coastal site. Using quantum chemical calculations and box model simulation with an updated Master Chemical Mechanism, we found that the formation pathway of chloroacetic acid involved multiphase processes. Our study enhances understanding of atmospheric organic chlorine chemistry and emphasizes the importance of multiphase reactions.
Renzhi Hu, Guoxian Zhang, Haotian Cai, Jingyi Guo, Keding Lu, Xin Li, Shengrong Lou, Zhaofeng Tan, Changjin Hu, Pinhua Xie, and Wenqing Liu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 3011–3028, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3011-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3011-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
A full suite of radical measurements (OH, HO2, RO2, and kOH) was established to accurately elucidate the limitations of oxidation in a chemically complex atmosphere. Sensitivity tests revealed that the incorporation of complex processes enabled a balance in both radical concentrations and coordinate ratios, effectively addressing the deficiency in the ozone generation mechanism. The full-chain radical detection bridged the gap between the photochemistry and the intensive oxidation level.
Dingxi Chen, Yi Liu, Zetong Niu, Ao Wang, Pius Otwil, Yuanyuan Huang, Zhongcong Sun, Xiaobing Pang, Liyang Zhan, and Longfei Yu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-377, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-377, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We carried out studies at 11 oil and gas sites in Southwest China (an important natural gas production area), investigating the methane concentration distribution pattern and emission inventory of oil and gas industrial sites through a combination of ground monitoring and drone airborne monitoring techniques, and at the same time, utilizing stable isotope techniques to trace back the methane from the oil and gas sites.
Shuwen Guo, Xuan Zheng, Xiao He, Lewei Zeng, Liqiang He, Xian Wu, Yifei Dai, Zihao Huang, Ting Chen, Shupei Xiao, Yan You, Sheng Xiang, Shaojun Zhang, Jingkun Jiang, and Ye Wu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 2695–2705, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2695-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2695-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We considered two potential influencing factors of heavy-duty diesel vehicle emissions that are rarely mentioned in the literature: cumulative mileage and ambient temperatures. The results suggest that prolonged use of heavy-duty diesel vehicles and low ambient temperatures leads to reduced engine combustion efficiency, which in turn increases tailpipe emissions significantly.
Junling Li, Chaofan Lian, Mingyuan Liu, Hao Zhang, Yongxin Yan, Yufei Song, Chun Chen, Jiaqi Wang, Haijie Zhang, Yanqin Ren, Yucong Guo, Weigang Wang, Yisheng Xu, Hong Li, Jian Gao, and Maofa Ge
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 2551–2568, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2551-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2551-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
As a key source of hydroxyl (OH) radical, nitrous acid (HONO) has attracted much attention for its important role in the atmospheric oxidant capacity (AOC) increase. In this study, we made a comparison of the ambient levels, variation patterns, sources, and formation pathway in the warm season on the basis of continuous intensive observations at an urban site of Beijing. This work highlights the importance of HONO for the AOC in the warm season.
Xiao-Bing Li, Bin Yuan, Yibo Huangfu, Suxia Yang, Xin Song, Jipeng Qi, Xianjun He, Sihang Wang, Yubin Chen, Qing Yang, Yongxin Song, Yuwen Peng, Guiqian Tang, Jian Gao, Dasa Gu, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 2459–2472, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2459-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2459-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Online vertical gradient measurements of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ozone, and NOx were conducted based on a 325 m tall tower in urban Beijing. Vertical changes in the concentrations, compositions, key drivers, and environmental impacts of VOCs were analyzed in this study. We find that VOC species display differentiated vertical variation patterns and distinct roles in contributing to photochemical ozone formation with increasing height in the urban planetary boundary layer.
Alina Fiehn, Maximilian Eckl, Magdalena Pühl, Tiziana Bräuer, Klaus-Dirk Gottschaldt, Heinfried Aufmhoff, Lisa Eirenschmalz, Gregor Neumann, Felicitas Sakellariou, Daniel Sauer, Robert Baumann, Guilherme De Aguiar Ventura, Winne Nayole Cadete, Dário Luciano Zua, Manuel Xavier, Paulo Correia, and Anke Roiger
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-635, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-635, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In September 2022, the METHANE-To-Go Africa (MTGA) campaign, part of UNEP’s IMEO Methane Science Studies, conducted the first CH₄ emissions measurements from West Africa’s offshore oil and gas sector. Using an aircraft-based mass balance method, emissions from Angolan offshore facilities were quantified. Older, low-producing facilities showed higher emissions than newer ones. High-emission events were observed, highlighting the need for targeted monitoring and mitigation efforts.
Shigeyuki Ishidoya, Satoshi Sugawara, and Atsushi Okazaki
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1965–1987, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1965-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1965-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The 18O/16O ratio of atmospheric oxygen, δatm(18O), is higher than that of ocean water due to isotopic effects during biospheric activities. This is known as the Dole–Morita effect, and its millennial-scale variations are recorded in ice cores. However, small variations of δatm(18O) in the present day have never been detected so far. This paper presents the first observations of diurnal, seasonal, and secular variations in δatm(18O) and applies them to evaluate oxygen, carbon, and water cycles.
Delaney B. Kilgour, Christopher M. Jernigan, Olga Garmash, Sneha Aggarwal, Shengqian Zhou, Claudia Mohr, Matt E. Salter, Joel A. Thornton, Jian Wang, Paul Zieger, and Timothy H. Bertram
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1931–1947, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1931-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1931-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We report simultaneous measurements of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and hydroperoxymethyl thioformate (HPMTF) in the eastern North Atlantic. We use an observationally constrained box model to show that cloud loss is the dominant sink of HPMTF in this region over 6 weeks, resulting in large reductions in DMS-derived products that contribute to aerosol formation and growth. Our findings indicate that fast cloud processing of HPMTF must be included in global models to accurately capture the sulfur cycle.
Jiemeng Bao, Xin Zhang, Zhenhai Wu, Li Zhou, Jun Qian, Qinwen Tan, Fumo Yang, Junhui Chen, Yunfeng Li, Hefan Liu, Liqun Deng, and Hong Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1899–1916, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1899-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1899-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We studied carbonyl compounds' role in ozone pollution in the Chengdu Plain Urban Agglomeration, China. During heavy pollution in August 2019, we measured carbonyls at nine sites and analyzed their impact. Areas with higher carbonyl levels, like Chengdu, had worse ozone pollution. While their abundance matters, chemical reactions with other pollutants are the main drivers. Our findings show regional cooperation is vital to reducing ozone pollution effectively.
Masahito Ueyama, Taku Umezawa, Yukio Terao, Mark Lunt, and James Lawrence France
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3926, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3926, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Methane (CH4) emissions were measured in Megacity Osaka, Japan, using mobile and eddy covariance methods. The CH4 emissions were much higher than those reported in local inventories, with natural gas contributing up to 74 % of the emissions. Several CH4 sources not accounted for in current inventories were identified. These results emphasize the need for more comprehensive emissions tracking in urban areas to enhance climate change mitigation efforts.
Yaru Wang, Dominik van Pinxteren, Andreas Tilgner, Erik Hans Hoffmann, Max Hell, Susanne Bastian, and Hartmut Herrmann
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4202, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4202, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Tropospheric ground-level ozone (O3) is a global air-quality pollutant and greenhouse gas. Long-term O3 trends from 16 stations in Saxony, Germany, were compared over three periods, revealing worsened O3 pollution over the last decade. O3 formation has been volatile organic compound (VOC)-limited at traffic and urban sites for the past 20 years. To mitigate O3 pollution, moderate nitrogen oxides and additional VOC controls, particularly in solvent use, should be prioritized in the coming years.
Baoye Hu, Naihua Chen, Rui Li, Mingqiang Huang, Jinsheng Chen, Youwei Hong, Lingling Xu, Xiaolong Fan, Mengren Li, Lei Tong, Qiuping Zheng, and Yuxiang Yang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 905–921, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-905-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-905-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Box modeling with the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM) was used to explore summertime peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) formation and its link to aerosol pollution under high-ozone conditions. The MCM model is effective in the study of PAN photochemical formation and performed better during the clean period than the haze period. Machine learning analysis identified ammonia, nitrate, and fine particulate matter as the top three factors contributing to simulation bias.
Xiansheng Liu, Xun Zhang, Marvin Dufresne, Tao Wang, Lijie Wu, Rosa Lara, Roger Seco, Marta Monge, Ana Maria Yáñez-Serrano, Marie Gohy, Paul Petit, Audrey Chevalier, Marie-Pierre Vagnot, Yann Fortier, Alexia Baudic, Véronique Ghersi, Grégory Gille, Ludovic Lanzi, Valérie Gros, Leïla Simon, Heidi Héllen, Stefan Reimann, Zoé Le Bras, Michelle Jessy Müller, David Beddows, Siqi Hou, Zongbo Shi, Roy M. Harrison, William Bloss, James Dernie, Stéphane Sauvage, Philip K. Hopke, Xiaoli Duan, Taicheng An, Alastair C. Lewis, James R. Hopkins, Eleni Liakakou, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, Xiaohu Zhang, Andrés Alastuey, Xavier Querol, and Thérèse Salameh
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 625–638, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-625-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-625-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study examines BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes) pollution in urban areas across seven European countries. Analyzing data from 22 monitoring sites, we found traffic and industrial activities significantly impact BTEX levels, with peaks during rush hours. The risk from BTEX exposure remains moderate, especially in high-traffic and industrial zones, highlighting the need for targeted air quality management to protect public health and improve urban air quality.
Yuening Li, Faqiang Zhan, Chubashini Shunthirasingham, Ying Duan Lei, Jenny Oh, Amina Ben Chaaben, Zhe Lu, Kelsey Lee, Frank A. P. C. Gobas, Hayley Hung, and Frank Wania
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 459–472, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-459-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-459-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Organophosphate esters are important humanmade trace contaminants. Measuring them in the atmospheric gas phase, particles, precipitation, and surface water in Canada, we explore seasonal concentration variability, gas–particle partitioning, precipitation scavenging, and the air–water equilibrium. Whereas higher summer concentrations and efficient precipitation scavenging conform with expectations, the lack of a relationship between compound volatility and gas–particle partitioning is puzzling.
Fanhao Meng, Baobin Han, Min Qin, Wu Fang, Ke Tang, Dou Shao, Zhitang Liao, Jun Duan, Yan Feng, Yong Huang, Ting Ni, and Pinhua Xie
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 14191–14208, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-14191-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-14191-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Comprehensive observations of HONO and NOx fluxes were conducted over paddy fields in the Huaihe River Basin. Consecutive peaks in HONO and NO fluxes suggest a potentially enhanced release of HONO and NO due to soil tillage, whereas waterlogged soil may inhibit microbial nitrification processes following irrigation. Notably, biological processes and light-driven NO2 reactions at the surface may serve as sources of HONO and influence the local HONO budget during rotary tillage.
Rodrigo J. Seguel, Charlie Opazo, Yann Cohen, Owen R. Cooper, Laura Gallardo, Björn-Martin Sinnhuber, Florian Obersteiner, Andreas Zahn, Peter Hoor, and Susanne Rohs
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3719, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3719, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We explored differences in ozone levels between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres in the Stratosphere-troposphere exchange region. Using unique data from a research aircraft, we found significantly lower ozone levels (with stratospheric character) in the Southern Hemisphere, especially during years of severe ozone depletion. A Sudden Stratospheric Warming event in 2019 increased Southern Hemisphere ozone levels, highlighting the relationship between atmospheric events and ozone distribution.
Zhaojin An, Rujing Yin, Xinyan Zhao, Xiaoxiao Li, Yuyang Li, Yi Yuan, Junchen Guo, Yiqi Zhao, Xue Li, Dandan Li, Yaowei Li, Dongbin Wang, Chao Yan, Kebin He, Douglas R. Worsnop, Frank N. Keutsch, and Jingkun Jiang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13793–13810, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13793-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13793-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Online Vocus-PTR measurements show the compositions and seasonal variations in organic vapors in urban Beijing. With enhanced sensitivity and mass resolution, various species at a level of sub-parts per trillion (ppt) and organics with multiple oxygens (≥ 3) were observed. The fast photooxidation process in summer leads to an increase in both concentration and proportion of organics with multiple oxygens, while, in other seasons, the variations in them could be influenced by mixed sources.
Ross Charles Petersen, Thomas Holst, Cheng Wu, Radovan Krejci, Jeremy Chan, Claudia Mohr, and Janne Rinne
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3410, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3410, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ecosystem-scale emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) are important for atmospheric chemistry. Here we investigate boreal BVOC fluxes from a forest in central Sweden. BVOC fluxes were measured above-canopy using proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry, while compound-specific monoterpene (MT) fluxes were assessed using a concentration gradient method. We also evaluate the impact of chemical degradation on observed sesquiterpene (SQT) and nighttime MT fluxes.
Bowen Zhang, Dong Zhang, Zhe Dong, Xinshuai Song, Ruiqin Zhang, and Xiao Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13587–13601, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13587-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13587-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
To gain insight into the impact of changes due to epidemic control policies, we undertook continuous online monitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at an urban site in Zhengzhou over a 2-month period. This study examines the characteristics of VOCs, their sources, and their temporal evolution. It also assesses the impact of the policy change on VOC pollution during the monitoring period, thus providing a basis for further research on VOC pollution and source control.
Jakob Boyd Pernov, Jens Liengaard Hjorth, Lise Lotte Sørensen, and Henrik Skov
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13603–13631, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13603-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13603-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Arctic ozone depletion events (ODEs) occur every spring and have vast implications for the oxidizing capacity, radiative balance, and mercury oxidation. In this study, we analyze ozone, ODEs, and their connection to meteorological and air mass history variables through statistical analyses, back trajectories, and machine learning (ML) at Villum Research Station. ODEs are favorable under sunny, calm conditions with air masses arriving from northerly wind directions with sea ice contact.
Hagninou Elagnon Venance Donnou, Aristide Barthélémy Akpo, Money Ossohou, Claire Delon, Véronique Yoboué, Dungall Laouali, Marie Ouafo-Leumbe, Pieter Gideon Van Zyl, Ousmane Ndiaye, Eric Gardrat, Maria Dias-Alves, and Corinne Galy-Lacaux
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13151–13182, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13151-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13151-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ozone is a secondary air pollutant that is detrimental to human and plant health. A better understanding of its chemical evolution is a challenge for Africa, where it is still undersampled. Out of 14 sites examined (1995–2020), high levels of O3 are reported in southern Africa. The dominant chemical processes leading to O3 formation are identified. A decrease in O3 is observed at Katibougou (Mali) and Banizoumbou (Niger), and an increase is found at Zoétélé (Cameroon) and Skukuza (South Africa).
Junwei Song, Georgios I. Gkatzelis, Ralf Tillmann, Nicolas Brüggemann, Thomas Leisner, and Harald Saathoff
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13199–13217, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13199-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13199-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) and organic aerosol (OA) particles were measured online in a stressed spruce-dominated forest. OA was mainly attributed to the monoterpene oxidation products. The mixing ratios of BVOCs were higher than the values previously measured in other temperate forests. The results demonstrate that BVOCs are influenced not only by meteorology and biogenic emissions but also by local anthropogenic emissions and subsequent chemical transformation processes.
Sachin Mishra, Vinayak Sinha, Haseeb Hakkim, Arpit Awasthi, Sachin D. Ghude, Vijay Kumar Soni, Narendra Nigam, Baerbel Sinha, and Madhavan N. Rajeevan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13129–13150, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13129-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13129-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We quantified 111 gases using mass spectrometry to understand how seasonal and emission changes lead from clean air in the monsoon season to extremely polluted air in the post-monsoon season in Delhi. Averaged total mass concentrations (260 µg m-3) were > 4 times in polluted periods, driven by biomass burning emissions and reduced atmospheric ventilation. Reactive gaseous nitrogen, chlorine, and sulfur compounds hitherto unreported from such a polluted environment were discovered.
Gérard Ancellet, Camille Viatte, Anne Boynard, François Ravetta, Jacques Pelon, Cristelle Cailteau-Fischbach, Pascal Genau, Julie Capo, Axel Roy, and Philippe Nédélec
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12963–12983, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12963-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12963-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Characterization of ozone pollution in urban areas benefited from a measurement campaign in summer 2022 in the Paris region. The analysis is based on 21 d of lidar and aircraft observations. The main objective is an analysis of the sensitivity of ozone pollution to the micrometeorological processes in the urban atmospheric boundary layer and the transport of regional pollution. The paper also discusses to what extent satellite observations can track observed ozone plumes.
Xiaoyi Zhang, Wanyun Xu, Weili Lin, Gen Zhang, Jinjian Geng, Li Zhou, Huarong Zhao, Sanxue Ren, Guangsheng Zhou, Jianmin Chen, and Xiaobin Xu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12323–12340, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12323-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12323-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ozone (O3) deposition is a key process that removes surface O3, affecting air quality, ecosystems and climate change. We conducted O3 deposition measurement over a wheat canopy using a newly relaxed eddy accumulation flux system. Large variabilities in O3 deposition were detected, mainly determined by crop growth and modulated by various environmental factors. More O3 deposition observations over different surfaces are needed for exploring deposition mechanisms and model optimization.
Honglei Wang, David W. Tarasick, Jane Liu, Herman G. J. Smit, Roeland Van Malderen, Lijuan Shen, Romain Blot, and Tianliang Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 11927–11942, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11927-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11927-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we identify 23 suitable pairs of sites from World Ozone and Ultraviolet Radiation Data Centre (WOUDC) and In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System (IAGOS) datasets (1995 to 2021), compare the average vertical distributions of tropospheric O3 from ozonesonde and aircraft measurements, and analyze the differences based on ozonesonde type and station–airport distance.
Noémie Taquet, Wolfgang Stremme, María Eugenia González del Castillo, Victor Almanza, Alejandro Bezanilla, Olivier Laurent, Carlos Alberti, Frank Hase, Michel Ramonet, Thomas Lauvaux, Ke Che, and Michel Grutter
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 11823–11848, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11823-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11823-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We characterize the variability in CO and CO2 emissions over Mexico City from long-term time-resolved Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy solar absorption and surface measurements from 2013 to 2021. Using the average intraday CO growth rate from total columns, the average CO / CO2 ratio and TROPOMI data, we estimate the interannual variability in the CO and CO2 anthropogenic emissions of Mexico City, highlighting the effect of an unprecedented drop in activity due to the COVID-19 lockdown.
Akima Ringsdorf, Achim Edtbauer, Bruna Holanda, Christopher Poehlker, Marta O. Sá, Alessandro Araújo, Jürgen Kesselmeier, Jos Lelieveld, and Jonathan Williams
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 11883–11910, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11883-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11883-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We show the average height distribution of separately observed aldehydes and ketones over a day and discuss their rainforest-specific sources and sinks as well as their seasonal changes above the Amazon. Ketones have much longer atmospheric lifetimes than aldehydes and thus different implications for atmospheric chemistry. However, they are commonly observed together, which we overcome by measuring with a NO+ chemical ionization mass spectrometer for the first time in the Amazon rainforest.
Theresa Harlass, Rebecca Dischl, Stefan Kaufmann, Raphael Märkl, Daniel Sauer, Monika Scheibe, Paul Stock, Tiziana Bräuer, Andreas Dörnbrack, Anke Roiger, Hans Schlager, Ulrich Schumann, Magdalena Pühl, Tobias Schripp, Tobias Grein, Linda Bondorf, Charles Renard, Maxime Gauthier, Mark Johnson, Darren Luff, Paul Madden, Peter Swann, Denise Ahrens, Reetu Sallinen, and Christiane Voigt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 11807–11822, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11807-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11807-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Emissions from aircraft have a direct impact on our climate. Here, we present airborne and ground-based measurement data of nitrogen oxides that were collected in the exhaust of an Airbus aircraft. We study the impact of burning fossil and sustainable aviation fuel on nitrogen oxide emissions at different engine settings related to combustor temperature, pressure and fuel flow. Further, we compare observations with engine emission models.
Simone T. Andersen, Max R. McGillen, Chaoyang Xue, Tobias Seubert, Patrick Dewald, Gunther N. T. E. Türk, Jan Schuladen, Cyrielle Denjean, Jean-Claude Etienne, Olivier Garrouste, Marina Jamar, Sergio Harb, Manuela Cirtog, Vincent Michoud, Mathieu Cazaunau, Antonin Bergé, Christopher Cantrell, Sebastien Dusanter, Bénédicte Picquet-Varrault, Alexandre Kukui, Abdelwahid Mellouki, Lucy J. Carpenter, Jos Lelieveld, and John N. Crowley
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 11603–11618, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11603-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11603-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Using measurements of various trace gases in a suburban forest near Paris in the summer of 2022, we were able to gain insight into the sources and sinks of NOx (NO+NO2) with a special focus on their nighttime chemical and physical loss processes. NO was observed as a result of nighttime soil emissions when O3 levels were strongly depleted by deposition. NO oxidation products were not observed at night, indicating that soil and/or foliar surfaces are an efficient sink of reactive N.
Lee Tiszenkel, James H. Flynn, and Shan-Hu Lee
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 11351–11363, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11351-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11351-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Ammonia and amines are important ingredients for aerosol formation in urban environments, but the measurements of these compounds are extremely challenging. Our observations show that urban ammonia and amines in Houston are emitted from urban sources, and diurnal variations in their concentrations are likely governed by gas-to-particle conversion and emissions.
Arpit Awasthi, Baerbel Sinha, Haseeb Hakkim, Sachin Mishra, Varkrishna Mummidivarapu, Gurmanjot Singh, Sachin D. Ghude, Vijay Kumar Soni, Narendra Nigam, Vinayak Sinha, and Madhavan N. Rajeevan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10279–10304, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10279-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10279-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We use 111 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), PM10, and PM2.5 in a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model to resolve 11 pollution sources validated with chemical fingerprints. Crop residue burning and heating account for ~ 50 % of the PM, while traffic and industrial emissions dominate the gas-phase VOC burden and formation potential of secondary organic aerosols (> 60 %). Non-tailpipe emissions from compressed-natural-gas-fuelled commercial vehicles dominate the transport sector's PM burden.
Luke D. Schiferl, Cong Cao, Bronte Dalton, Andrew Hallward-Driemeier, Ricardo Toledo-Crow, and Róisín Commane
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10129–10142, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10129-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10129-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon monoxide (CO) is an air pollutant and an important indicator of the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels in cities. Using 4 years of winter and spring observations in New York City, we found that both the magnitude and variability of CO from the metropolitan area are greater than expected. Transportation emissions cannot explain the missing and variable CO, which points to energy from buildings as a likely underappreciated source of urban air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.
Chengzhi Xing, Cheng Liu, Chunxiang Ye, Jingkai Xue, Hongyu Wu, Xiangguang Ji, Jinping Ou, and Qihou Hu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10093–10112, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10093-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10093-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We identified the contributions of ozone (O3) and nitrous acid (HONO) to the production rates of hydroxide (OH) in vertical space on the Tibetan Plateau (TP). A new insight was offered: the contributions of HONO and O3 to the production rates of OH on the TP are even greater than in lower-altitudes areas. This study enriches the understanding of vertical distribution of atmospheric components and explains the strong atmospheric oxidation capacity (AOC) on the TP.
Cited articles
Ashmore, M. R.: Assessing the future global impacts of ozone on vegetation,
Plant. Cell. Environ., 28, 949–964, 2005.
Bell, M. L., McDermott, A., Zeger, S. L., Samet, J. M., and Dominici, F.:
Ozone and short-term mortality in 95 US urban communities, 1987–2000, JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc.,
292, 2372–2378, 2004.
Brown, S. G., Frankel, A., and Hafner, H. R.: Source apportionment of VOCs
in the Los Angeles area using positive matrix factorization, Atmos.
Environ., 41, 227–237, 2007.
Brown, S. G., Eberly, S., Paatero, P., and Norris, G. A.: Methods for
estimating uncertainty in PMF solutions, Sci. Total Environ., 518, 626–635,
2015.
Census and Statistics Department (CSD): 2011 Population Census in Hong Kong,
available at: https://www.census2011.gov.hk/en/constituency-area-i.html (last access: 25
October 2018), 2011.
Census and Statistics Department (CSD): District profile for 2016 Population
Census in Hong Kong, available at: https://www.bycensus2016.gov.hk/en/bc-dp.html, last access: 25 October 2018.
Cheng, H. R., Guo, H., Wang, X. M., Saunders, S. M., Lam, S. H. M., Jiang,
F., Wang, T. J., Ding, A. J., Lee, S. C., and Ho, K. F.: On the relationship
between ozone and its precursors in the Pearl River Delta: application of an
observation-based model (OBM), Environ. Sci. Pollut. R., 17, 547–560,
2010.
Cheng, H. R., Saunders, S. M., Guo, H., Louie, P. K. K., and Jiang, F.:
Photochemical trajectory modeling of ozone concentrations in Hong Kong,
Environ. Pollut, 180, 101–110, 2013.
Cheng, Y., Lee, S. C., Huang, Y., Ho, K. F., Ho, S. S. H., Yau, P. S.,
Louie, P. K. K., and Zhang, R. J.: Diurnal and seasonal trends of carbonyl
compounds in roadside, urban, and suburban environment of Hong Kong, Atmos.
Environ., 89, 43–51, 2014.
Chou, C. C. K, Liu, S. C., Lin, C. Y., Shiu, C. J., and Chang, K. H.: The
trend of surface ozone in Taipei, Taiwan, and its causes: Implications for
ozone control strategies, Atmos. Environ., 40, 3898–3908, 2006.
Colman, J. J., Swanson, A. L., Meinardi, S., Sive, B. C., Blake, D. R., and
Rowland, F. S.: Description of the analysis of a wide range of volatile
organic compounds in whole air samples collected during PEM-Tropics A and B,
Anal. Chem., 73, 3723–3731, 2001.
Competition Commission: Report on Study into Hong Kong's Auto-fuel Market,
available at:
https://www.compcomm.hk/en/media/press/files/Full_Report_Auto_fuel_Market_Study_Report_Eng.pdf (last access: 25 October 2018), 2017.
Cui, J., Pandey Deolal, S., Sprenger, M., Henne, S., Staehelin, J.,
Steinbacher, M., and Nédélec, P.: Free tropospheric ozone changes
over Europe as observed at Jungfraujoch (1990–2008): An analysis based on
backward trajectories, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 116, D10304, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD015154, 2011.
Cui, L., Zhang, Z., Huang, Y., Lee, S. C., Blake, D. R., Ho, K. F., Wang, B.,
Gao, Y., Wang, X. M., and Louie, P. K. K.: Measuring OVOCs and VOCs by PTR-MS
in an urban roadside microenvironment of Hong Kong: relative humidity and
temperature dependence, and field intercomparisons, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9,
5763–5779, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-5763-2016, 2016.
Derwent, R. G., Manning, A. J., Simmonds, P. G., Spain, T. G., and
O'Doherty, S.: Analysis and interpretation of 25 years of ozone observations
at the Mace Head Atmospheric Research Station on the Atlantic Ocean coast of
Ireland from 1987 to 2012, Atmos. Environ., 80, 361–368, 2013.
Ding, A. J., Wang, T., Zhao, M., Wang, T. J., and Li, Z. K.: Simulation of
sea-land breezes and a discussion of their implications on the transport of
air pollution during a multi-day ozone episode in the Pearl River Delta of
China, Atmos. Environ., 38, 6737–6750, 2004.
Ding, A. J., Wang, T., Thouret, V., Cammas, J.-P., and Nédélec, P.:
Tropospheric ozone climatology over Beijing: analysis of aircraft data from
the MOZAIC program, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 1–13,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-1-2008, 2008.
Dongguan Environment Protection Department (DGEPD): Clean air action plan in
Pearl River Delta region, Phase II (2013–2015), available at:
http://dgepb.dg.gov.cn/publicfiles///business/htmlfiles/dgepb/cmsmedia/document/doc172679.pdf (last access: 25 October 2018), 2013.
Guenther, A., Karl, T., Harley, P., Wiedinmyer, C., Palmer, P. I., and Geron,
C.: Estimates of global terrestrial isoprene emissions using MEGAN (Model of
Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6,
3181–3210, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-3181-2006, 2006.
George, I. J., Matthews, P. S. J., Whalley, L. K., Brooks, B., Goddard, A.,
Baeza-Romero, M. T., and Heard, D. E.: Measurements of uptake coefficients
for heterogeneous loss of HO2 onto submicron inorganic salt aerosols,
Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 15, 12829–12845, 2013.
Guo, H., Jiang, F., Cheng, H. R., Simpson, I. J., Wang, X. M., Ding, A. J.,
Wang, T. J., Saunders, S. M., Wang, T., Lam, S. H. M., Blake, D. R., Zhang,
Y. L., and Xie, M.: Concurrent observations of air pollutants at two sites in
the Pearl River Delta and the implication of regional transport, Atmos. Chem.
Phys., 9, 7343–7360, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-7343-2009, 2009.
Guo, H., Cheng, H. R., Ling, Z. H., Louie, P. K. K., and Ayoko, G. A.: Which
emission sources are responsible for the volatile organic compounds in the
atmosphere of Pearl River Delta?, J. Hazard. Mater., 188, 116–124, 2011.
Guo, H., Ling, Z. H., Cheung, K., Jiang, F., Wang, D. W., Simpson, I. J.,
Barletta, B., Meinardi, S., Wang, T. J., Wang, X. M., Saunders, S. M., and
Blake, D. R.: Characterization of photochemical pollution at different
elevations in mountainous areas in Hong Kong, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13,
3881–3898, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-3881-2013, 2013a.
Guo, H., Ling, Z. H., Cheung, K., Wang, D. W., Simpson, I. J., and Blake, D.
R.: Acetone in the atmosphere of Hong Kong: Abundance, sources and
photochemical precursors, Atmos. Environ., 65, 80–88, 2013b.
Guo, H., Ling, Z. H., Cheng, H. R., Simpson, I. J., Lyu, X. P., Wang, X. M.,
Shao, M., Lu, H. X., Ayoko, G., Zhang, Y. L., and Saunders, S. M.:
Tropospheric volatile organic compounds in China, Sci. Total Environ., 574,
1021–1043, 2017.
Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department (HKEPD): Inquire and Download
Air Quality Monitoring Data, available at: https://cd.epic.epd.gov.hk/EPICDI/air/station/?lang=en (last access: 25 October 2018), 2017a.
Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department (HKEPD): Cleaning the Air at
Street Level, available at: http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/environmentinhk/air/prob_solutions/strategies_apc.html (last access: 25 October
2018), 2017b.
Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department (HKEPD): Phasing Out Pre-Euro
IV Diesel Commercial Vehicles, available at:
https://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/environmentinhk/air/prob_solutions/Phasing_out_diesel_comm_veh.html, last access: 25 October 2018.
Huang, J. P., Fung, J. C., Lau, A. K., and Qin, Y.: Numerical simulation and
process analysis of typhoon-related ozone episodes in Hong Kong, J.
Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 110, D05301, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004jd004914, 2005.
Jacob, D. J.: Introduction to atmospheric chemistry, Princeton University
Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA, 1999.
Jenkin, M. E., Saunders, S. M., and Pilling, M. J.: The tropospheric
degradation of volatile organic compounds: a protocol for mechanism
development, Atmos. Environ., 31, 81–104, 1997.
Jenkin, M. E., Saunders, S. M., Wagner, V., and Pilling, M. J.: Protocol for
the development of the Master Chemical Mechanism, MCM v3 (Part B):
tropospheric degradation of aromatic volatile organic compounds, Atmos. Chem.
Phys., 3, 181–193, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-181-2003, 2003.
Jiang, F., Guo, H., Wang, T. J., Cheng, H. R., Wang, X. M., Simpson, I. J.,
Ding, A. J., Saunders, S. M., Lam, S. H. M., and Blake, D. R.: An ozone
episode in the Pearl River Delta: Field observation and model simulation, J.
Geophys. Res., 115, D22305, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD013583, 2010.
Jiang, Y. C., Zhao, T. L., Liu, J., Xu, X. D., Tan, C. H., Cheng, X. H., Bi,
X. Y., Gan, J. B., You, J. F., and Zhao, S. Z.: Why does surface ozone peak
before a typhoon landing in southeast China?, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15,
13331–13338, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-13331-2015, 2015.
Johnson, B. T.: Diesel engine emissions and their control, Platin. Met. Rev.,
52, 23–37, 2008.
Kanaya, Y., Pochanart, P., Liu, Y., Li, J., Tanimoto, H., Kato, S.,
Suthawaree, J., Inomata, S., Taketani, F., Okuzawa, K., Kawamura, K.,
Akimoto, H., and Wang, Z. F.: Rates and regimes of photochemical ozone
production over Central East China in June 2006: a box model analysis using
comprehensive measurements of ozone precursors, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9,
7711–7723, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-7711-2009, 2009.
Kashdan, J. T.: Tracer LIF Visualisation Studies of Piston-Top Fuel Films in
a Wall-Guided, Low-NOx Diesel Engine, SAE Tech. Paper, 2008-01-2474,
2008.
Lakey, P. S. J., George, I. J., Whalley, L. K., Baeza-Romero, M. T., and
Heard, D. E.: Measurements of the HO2 uptake coefficients onto single
component organic aerosols, Environ. Sci. Technol., 49, 4878–4885, 2015.
Lam, K. S., Wang, T. J., Wu, C. L., and Li, Y. S.: Study on an ozone episode
in hot season in Hong Kong and transboundary air pollution over Pearl River
Delta region of China, Atmos. Environ., 39, 1967–1977, 2005.
Lam, S. H. M., Saunders, S. M., Guo, H., Ling, Z. H., Jiang, F., Wang, X.
M., and Wang, T. J.: Modelling VOC source impacts on high ozone episode days
observed at a mountain summit in Hong Kong under the influence of
mountain-valley breezes, Atmos. Environ., 81, 166–176, 2013.
Lau, A. K. H., Yuan, Z., Yu, J. Z., and Louie, P. K.: Source apportionment
of ambient volatile organic compounds in Hong Kong, Sci. Total Environ.,
408, 4138–4149, 2010.
Lee, E., Chan, C. K., and Paatero, P.: Application of positive matrix
factorization in source apportionment of particulate pollutants in Hong
Kong, Atmos. Environ., 33, 3201–3212, 1999.
Lefohn, A. S., Shadwick, D., and Oltmans, S. J.: Characterizing changes in
surface ozone levels in metropolitan and rural areas in the United States
for 1980–2008 and 1994–2008, Atmos. Environ., 44, 5199–5210, 2010.
Li, K., Jacob, D. J., Liao, H., Shen, L., Zhang, Q., and Bates, K. H.:
Anthropogenic drivers of 2013–2017 trends in summer surface ozone in China,
P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 116, 422–427, 2019.
Lin, M., Horowitz, L. W., Payton, R., Fiore, A. M., and Tonnesen, G.: US
surface ozone trends and extremes from 1980 to 2014: quantifying the roles of
rising Asian emissions, domestic controls, wildfires, and climate, Atmos.
Chem. Phys., 17, 2943–2970, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2943-2017, 2017.
Ling, Z., Guo, H., Simpson, I. J., Saunders, S. M., Lam, S. H. M., Lyu, X.,
and Blake, D. R.: New insight into the spatiotemporal variability and source
apportionments of C1–C4 alkyl nitrates in Hong Kong, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16,
8141–8156, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-8141-2016, 2016a.
Ling, Z., Guo, H., Chen, G., Lam, S. H. M., and Fan, S.: Formaldehyde and
acetaldehyde at different elevations in mountainous areas in Hong Kong,
Aerosol Air Qual. Res., 16, 1868–1878, 2016b.
Ling, Z. H. and Guo, H.: Contribution of VOC sources to photochemical ozone
formation and its control policy implication in Hong Kong, Environ. Sci.
Policy, 38, 180–191, 2014.
Ling, Z. H., Guo, H., Cheng, H. R., and Yu, Y. F.: Sources of ambient
volatile organic compounds and their contributions to photochemical ozone
formation at a site in the Pearl River Delta, southern China, Environ.
Pollut., 159, 2310–2319, 2011.
Ling, Z. H., Guo, H., Zheng, J. Y., Louie, P. K. K., Cheng, H. R., Jiang,
F., Cheung, K., Wong, L. C., and Feng, X. Q.: Establishing a conceptual
model for photochemical ozone pollution in subtropical Hong Kong, Atmos.
Environ., 76, 208–220, 2013.
Ling, Z. H., Guo, H., Lam, S. H. M., Saunders, S. M., and Wang, T.:
Atmospheric photochemical reactivity and ozone production at two sites in
Hong Kong: Application of a Master Chemical Mechanism-photochemical box
model, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 119, 10567–10582, 2014.
Liu, X.: Data for the paper “Intercomparison of O3 formation and radical
chemistry in the past decade at a suburban site in Hong Kong”, Google Drive,
available at:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1rPH8TQMGvnGKjAwTYcNveqtCi_zo019R/view?usp=sharing,
last access: 12 April 2019.
Liu, Y., Shao, M., Lu, S., Chang, C.-C., Wang, J.-L., and Chen, G.: Volatile
Organic Compound (VOC) measurements in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region,
China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 1531–1545,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-1531-2008, 2008.
Liu, Z., Wang, Y., Gu, D., Zhao, C., Huey, L. G., Stickel, R., Liao, J.,
Shao, M., Zhu, T., Zeng, L., Amoroso, A., Costabile, F., Chang, C.-C., and
Liu, S.-C.: Summertime photochemistry during CAREBeijing-2007:
ROx budgets and O3 formation, Atmos. Chem. Phys.,
12, 7737–7752, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-7737-2012, 2012.
Lyu, X. P., Ling, Z. H., Guo, H., Saunders, S. M., Lam, S. H. M., Wang, N.,
Wang, Y., Liu, M., and Wang, T.: Re-examination of C1-C5 alkyl
nitrates in Hong Kong using an observation-based model, Atmos. Environ.,
120, 28–37, 2015.
Lyu, X. P., Liu, M., Guo, H., Ling, Z. H., Wang, Y., Louie, P. K. K., and
Luk, C. W. Y.: Spatiotemporal variation of ozone precursors and ozone
formation in Hong Kong: grid field measurement and modelling study, Sci.
Total Environ., 569, 1341–1349, 2016a.
Lyu, X., Guo, H., Simpson, I. J., Meinardi, S., Louie, P. K. K., Ling, Z.,
Wang, Y., Liu, M., Luk, C. W. Y., Wang, N., and Blake, D. R.: Effectiveness
of replacing catalytic converters in LPG-fueled vehicles in Hong Kong, Atmos.
Chem. Phys., 16, 6609–6626, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6609-2016, 2016b.
Lyu, X. P., Chen, N., Guo, H., Zhang,W. H., Wang, N., Wang, Y., and Liu, M.:
Ambient volatile organic compounds and their effect on ozone production in
Wuhan, Central China, Sci. Total Environ., 541, 200–209, 2016c.
Lyu, X. P., Zeng, L. W., Guo, H., Simpson, I. J., Ling, Z. H., Wang, Y.,
Murray, F., Louie, P. K. K., Saunders, S. M., Lam, S. H. M., and Blake, D.
R.: Evaluation of the effectiveness of air pollution control measure in Hong
Kong, Environ. Pollut., 220, 87–94, 2017a.
Lyu, X. P., Guo, H., Wang, N., Simpson, I. J., Cheng, H. R., Zeng, L. W.,
Saunders, S. M., Lam, S. H. M., Meinardi, S., and Blake, D. R.: Modeling
C1-C4 alkyl nitrate photochemistry and their impacts on O3
production in urban and suburban environments of Hong Kong, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 122, 10539–10556, 2017b.
Madronich, S. and Flocke, S.: The role of solar radiation in atmospheric
chemistry, Environ. Photochem., 2, 1–26, 1999.
Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China (MEE
PRC): Action plan for preventing and controlling air pollution in Guangdong
Province, China, available at: http://www.mee.gov.cn/xxgk/hjyw/201403/t20140303_268619.shtml (last access: 25 October 2018), 2014.
NARSTO: An Assessment of tropospheric ozone pollution: a North American
perspective, NARSTO synthesis team, available at: http://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/programs/NARSTO/ozone_assessment.html (last access: 25 October 2018), 2000.
National Research Council (NRC): Rethinking the ozone problem in urban and
regional air pollution, National Academies Press, Washington, DC, 1992.
Norris, G., Wade, K., and Foley, C.: EPA Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF)
3.0 Fundamentals & User Guide, EPA 600/R-08/108, US Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Washington, USA, 2008.
Ou, J. M., Guo, H., Zheng, J. Y., Cheung, K., Louie, P. K. K., Ling, Z. H., and
Wang, D. W.: Concentrations and sources of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs)
from 2005 to 2013 in Hong Kong: A multi-year real-time data analysis. Atmos.
Environ., 103, 196–206, 2015.
Paatero, P.: Least squares formulation of robust non-negative factor
analysis, Chemometr. Intell. Lab., 37, 23–35, 1997.
Paatero, P.: User's Guide for Positive Matrix Factorization Programs PMF2
and PMF3, Part 1: Tutorial, Prepared by University of Helsinki, Finland
(February), 2000a.
Paatero, P.: User's Guide for Positive Matrix Factorization Programs PMF2
and PMF3, Part 2: Reference, Prepared by University of Helsinki, Finland,
2000b.
Parrish, D. D., Lamarque, J. F., Naik, V., Horowitz, L., Shindell, D. T.,
Staehelin, J., Derwent, R., Cooper, O. R., Tanimoto, H., Volz-Thomas, A.,
and Gilge, S.: Long-term changes in lower tropospheric baseline ozone
concentrations: Comparing chemistry-climate models and observations at
northern midlatitudes., J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 119, 5719–5736, 2014.
Polissar, A. V., Hopke, P. K., Paatero, P., Malm, W. C., and Sisler, J. F.:
Atmospheric aerosol over Alaska: 2. Elemental composition and sources, J.
Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 103, 19045–19057, 1998.
Reff, A., Eberly, S. I. and Bhave, P. V.: Receptor modeling of ambient
particulate matter data using positive matrix factorization: review of
existing methods, J. Air Waste Manage., 57, 146–154, 2007.
Richter, A., Burrows, J. P., Nub, H., Granier, C., and Niemeier, U.: Increase
in tropospheric nitrogen dioxide over China observed from space, Nature,
437, 129–132, 2005.
Sahoo, D., Petersen, B., and Miles, P.: Measurement of equivalence ratio in
a light-duty low temperature combustion diesel engine by planar laser
induced fluorescence of a fuel tracer, SAE Int. J. Engines, 4, 2312–2325,
2011.
Saunders, S. M., Jenkin, M. E., Derwent, R. G., and Pilling, M. J.: Protocol
for the development of the Master Chemical Mechanism, MCM v3 (Part A):
tropospheric degradation of non-aromatic volatile organic compounds, Atmos.
Chem. Phys., 3, 161–180, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-161-2003, 2003.
Schauer, J. J., Kleeman, M. J., Cass, G. R., and Simoneit, B. R.:
Measurement of emissions from air pollution sources, 2. C1 through
C30 organic compounds from medium duty diesel trucks, Environ. Sci.
Technol., 33, 1578–1587, 1999.
Sillman, S.: The relation between ozone, NOx and hydrocarbons in urban
and polluted rural environments, Atmos. Environ., 33, 1821–1845, 1999.
Simpson, I. J., Blake, N. J., Barletta, B., Diskin, G. S., Fuelberg, H. E.,
Gorham, K., Huey, L. G., Meinardi, S., Rowland, F. S., Vay, S. A.,
Weinheimer, A. J., Yang, M., and Blake, D. R.: Characterization of trace
gases measured over Alberta oil sands mining operations: 76 speciated
C2–C10
volatile organic compounds (VOCs), CO2, CH4, CO, NO, NO2, NOy, O3 and SO2,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 11931–11954,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-11931-2010, 2010.
So, K. L. and Wang, T.: On the local and regional influence on ground-level
ozone concentrations in Hong Kong, Environ. Pollut., 123, 307–317, 2003.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA): Positive Matrix
Factorization Model for environmental data analyses, available at:
https://www.epa.gov/air-research/positive-matrix-factorization-model-environmental-data-analyses
(last access: 25 October 2018), 2017.
Wang, H., Lyu, X., Guo, H., Wang, Y., Zou, S., Ling, Z., Wang, X., Jiang, F.,
Zeren, Y., Pan, W., Huang, X., and Shen, J.: Ozone pollution around a coastal
region of South China Sea: interaction between marine and continental air,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 4277–4295, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-4277-2018,
2018.
Wang, H. X., Kiang, C. S., Tang, X. Y., Zhou, X. J., and Chameides, W. L.:
Surface ozone: A likely threat to crops in Yangtze delta of China, Atmos.
Environ., 39, 3843–3850, 2005.
Wang, N., Guo, H., Jiang, F., Ling, Z. H., and Wang, T.: Simulation of ozone
formation at different elevations in mountainous area of Hong Kong using
WRF-CMAQ model, Sci. Total Environ, 505, 939–951, 2015.
Wang, T., Wei, X. L., Ding, A. J., Poon, C. N., Lam, K. S., Li, Y. S., Chan,
L. Y., and Anson, M.: Increasing surface ozone concentrations in the
background atmosphere of Southern China, 1994–2007, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9,
6217–6227, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-6217-2009, 2009.
Wang, T., Xue, L. K., Brimblecombe, P., Lam, Y. F., Li, L., and Zhang, L.:
Ozone pollution in China: A review of concentrations, meteorological
influences, chemical precursors, and effects, Sci. Total Environ., 575,
1582–1596, 2017.
Wang, Y., Wang, H., Guo, H., Lyu, X. P., Cheng, H. R., Ling, Z. L., Louie,
P. K. K., Simpson, I J., Meinardi, S., and Blake, D. R.: Long-term O3-
precursor relationships in Hong Kong: field observation and model
simulation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 10919-10935, 2017.
Wang, Y., Guo, H., Zou, S. C., Lyu, X. P., Ling, Z. H., Cheng, H. R., and
Zeren, Y. Z.: Surface O3 photochemistry over the South China Sea:
Application of a near-explicit chemical mechanism box model, Environ.
Pollut., 234, 155–166, 2018.
Willmott, C. J.: Some comments on the evaluation of model performance, B.
Am. Meteorol. Soc., 63, 1309–1313, 1982.
Xu, X., Lin, W., Wang, T., Yan, P., Tang, J., Meng, Z., and Wang, Y.:
Long-term trend of surface ozone at a regional background station in eastern
China 1991–2006: enhanced variability, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 2595–2607,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-2595-2008, 2008.
Xu, Z., Wang, T., Wu, J., Xue, L., Chan, J., Zha, Q., Zhou, S., Louie, P.
K., and Luk, C. W.: Nitrous acid (HONO) in a polluted subtropical
atmosphere: Seasonal variability, direct vehicle emissions and heterogeneous
production at ground surface, Atmos. Environ., 106, 100–109, 2015.
Xue, L. K., Wang, T., Louie, P. K., Luk, C. W., Blake, D. R., and Xu, Z.:
Increasing external effects negate local efforts to control ozone air
pollution: a case study of Hong Kong and implications for other Chinese
cities, Environ. Sci. Technol., 48, 10769–10775, 2014a.
Xue, L., Gu, R., Wang, T., Wang, X., Saunders, S., Blake, D., Louie, P. K.
K., Luk, C. W. Y., Simpson, I., Xu, Z., Wang, Z., Gao, Y., Lee, S., Mellouki,
A., and Wang, W.: Oxidative capacity and radical chemistry in the polluted
atmosphere of Hong Kong and Pearl River Delta region: analysis of a severe
photochemical smog episode, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 9891–9903,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9891-2016, 2016.
Xue, L. K., Wang, T., Gao, J., Ding, A. J., Zhou, X. H., Blake, D. R., Wang,
X. F., Saunders, S. M., Fan, S. J., Zuo, H. C., Zhang, Q. Z., and Wang, W.
X.: Ground-level ozone in four Chinese cities: precursors, regional transport
and heterogeneous processes, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 13175–13188,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-13175-2014, 2014b.
Yao, C., Cheung, C. S., Cheng, C., Wang, Y., Chan, T. L., and Lee, S. C.:
Effect of diesel/methanol compound combustion on diesel engine combustion
and emissions, Energ. Convers. Manage., 49, 1696–1704, 2008.
Yao, D., Lyu, X., Murray, F., Morawska, L., Yu, W., Wang, J., and Guo, H.:
Continuous effectiveness of replacing catalytic converters on liquified
petroleum gas-fueled vehicles in Hong Kong., Sci. Total Environ., 648,
830–838, 2019.
Zeng, L., Lyu, X., Guo, H., Zou, S., and Ling, Z.: Photochemical Formation
of C1–C5 Alkyl Nitrates in Suburban Hong Kong and over the South
China Sea, Environ. Sci. Technol., 52, 5581–5589, 2018.
Zhang, J., Wang, T., Chameides, W. L., Cardelino, C., Kwok, J., Blake, D. R.,
Ding, A., and So, K. L.: Ozone production and hydrocarbon reactivity in Hong
Kong, Southern China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 557–573,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-557-2007, 2007.
Zhang, Y., Wang, X., Blake, D. R., Li, L., Zhang, Z., Wang, S., Guo, H., Lee,
S. C., Gao, B., Chan, L., and Wu, D.: Aromatic hydrocarbons as ozone
precursors before and after outbreak of the 2008 financial crisis in the
Pearl River Delta region, south China., J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 117,
D15306, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD017356, 2012.
Zheng, B., Tong, D., Li, M., Liu, F., Hong, C., Geng, G., Li, H., Li, X.,
Peng, L., Qi, J., Yan, L., Zhang, Y., Zhao, H., Zheng, Y., He, K., and Zhang,
Q.: Trends in China's anthropogenic emissions since 2010 as the consequence
of clean air actions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 14095–14111,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-14095-2018, 2018.
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint