Articles | Volume 25, issue 21
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-15437-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-15437-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
12 Nov 2025
Research article |
| 12 Nov 2025
| 12 Nov 2025
Impact of stratospheric intrusion on near-surface ozone over the Sichuan Basin in China driven by terrain forcing of Tibetan Plateau
Zhuozhi Shu
Chengdu Fluid Dynamics Innovation Center, Chengdu 610072, China
Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Jiangsu 210044, China
Fumo Yang
School of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology, National Engineering Research Center on Flue Gas Desulfurization, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
Guangming Shi
School of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology, National Engineering Research Center on Flue Gas Desulfurization, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
Yuqing Zhang
Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Jiangsu 210044, China
Yongjie Huang
Chengdu Fluid Dynamics Innovation Center, Chengdu 610072, China
Xinning Yu
Chengdu Fluid Dynamics Innovation Center, Chengdu 610072, China
Baiwan Pan
Chengdu Fluid Dynamics Innovation Center, Chengdu 610072, China
Tianliang Zhao
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Jiangsu 210044, China
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EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-5585, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-5585, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
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Local atmospheric circulations are frequent and diverse over plateau-basin regions, yet their vertical structures remain unclear. Here, we develop and apply a physical-constrained framework to identify terrain-driven circulations over the Tibetan Plateau-Sichuan Basin and quantify their intensity, spatial extent, and central height. Three typical local circulations including one-cell, two-cell, and three-cell circulations are detected, which become more frequent while spatial extent shrinks.
Tan Mi, Xueting Pu, Xi Zheng, Guangcheng Nie, Xinyi Liu, Han Zhang, Michael L. Grieneisen, Yu Zhan, Maohua Wang, and Fumo Yang
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The Twain-Hu Basin in central China has extreme heat and severe ozone, yet few combined events. We show that basin O₃ is driven by synoptic transport from upwind sources rather than local heat, with the O₃ peak shifting to September, decoupling ozone from temperature. This pattern may be common in multi-source receptor basins.
Xuewei Hou, Ryan Hossaini, Oliver Wild, Andrea Mazzeo, Richard J. Pope, Ye Wang, Siyuan Wang, Yuanhong Zhao, James Lee, Bin Zhu, Tianliang Zhao, and Alok K. Pandey
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 13767–13793, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-13767-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-13767-2026, 2026
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Xiangde Xu, Wenyue Cai, Tianliang Zhao, Changjun Yang, Kai Meng, Chong Wu, Na Dong, Yueqing Li, Shunjiu Wang, Wenqing Liu, Tianshu Zhang, Ga Zhuo, Shengjun Zhang, Bin Chen, Chunsong Lu, Jinghua Chen, Kai Yang, and Jianming Xu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 13581–13593, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-13581-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-13581-2026, 2026
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Using satellite and comprehensive ground-based observations, we identify pronounced ice-cloud activation associated with transported exogenous aerosols. Under different large-scale atmospheric circulation regimes, ice-phase cloud activated over Mount Qomolangma (MQ) can be efficiently transported downstream through distinct pathways, exerting a pronounced ice crystal seeding effect on cloud–precipitation conversion.
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We investigate the spatiotemporal distribution of springtime tropopause folds over the Arctic during 2000–2023 using ERA5 reanalysis data and a three-dimensional tropopause fold labeling algorithm. The study combines pan-Arctic spatial statistics with station-based analyses at Alert, Barrow, Villum, and Zeppelin, providing a climatological characterization of Arctic tropopause fold occurrence, depth dependence, seasonal evolution, and associated upper-tropospheric dynamical background.
Zihan Wang, Yishu Bian, Fuwang Zhang, Honglei Wang, Wen Lin, Jun Hu, Tianliang Zhao, Lijian Shen, and Zuxin Xie
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 7539–7554, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-7539-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-7539-2026, 2026
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We investigated how new air particles form in cities and affect clouds. Our year-long study revealed a key seasonal pattern: while particle formation events are most frequent in spring, they are surprisingly inefficient at creating the seeds for clouds due to high pollution. In contrast, the cleaner summer air, despite having fewer events, allows the new particles to grow larger and much more effectively enhance potential cloud formation.
Yunsong Du, Fumo Yang, Sijia Lou, Baolei Lyu, Ran Huang, Guangming Shi, Yongtao Hu, Yan Jiang, and Nan Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 6223–6241, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-6223-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-6223-2026, 2026
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Yuelin Liu, Yuanjun Gong, Nan Wang, Guangming Shi, Fumo Yang, Yuanhang Zhang, and Keding Lu
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Ozone pollution is difficult to predict because its formation depends on complex chemical reactions that vary under different pollution conditions. By comparing multiple modeling approaches during a pollution event in Chengdu, China, we examine how ozone formation and the underlying chemical processes, particularly radical-driven reactions, differ between low- and high-pollution environments.
Deyu Liu, Yue Chen, Sihan Liu, Honglei Wang, Jingyi Chen, Yang Yang, Zihan Wang, Kun Cui, and Tianliang Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 26, 5781–5797, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-5781-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-5781-2026, 2026
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Xiaodan Ma, Jianping Huang, Michaela I. Hegglin, Patrick Jöckel, and Tianliang Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 943–958, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-943-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-943-2025, 2025
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Our research explored changes in ozone levels in the northwest Pacific region over 30 years, revealing a significant increase in the middle-to-upper troposphere, especially during spring and summer. This rise is influenced by both stratospheric and tropospheric sources, which affect climate and air quality in East Asia. This work underscores the need for continued study to understand underlying mechanisms.
Yuanmou Du, Dantong Liu, Delong Zhao, Mengyu Huang, Ping Tian, Dian Wen, Wei Xiao, Wei Zhou, Hui He, Baiwan Pan, Dongfei Zuo, Xiange Liu, Yingying Jing, Rong Zhang, Jiujiang Sheng, Fei Wang, Yu Huang, Yunbo Chen, and Deping Ding
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13429–13444, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13429-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13429-2024, 2024
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By conducting in situ measurements, we investigated ice production processes in stratiform clouds with embedded convection over the North China Plain. The results show that the ice number concentration is strongly related to the distance to the cloud top, and the level with a larger distance to the cloud top has more graupel falling from upper levels, which promotes collision and coalescence between graupel and droplets and enhances secondary ice production.
Kai Meng, Tianliang Zhao, Yongqing Bai, Ming Wu, Le Cao, Xuewei Hou, Yuehan Luo, and Yongcheng Jiang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12623–12642, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12623-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12623-2024, 2024
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We studied the impact of stratospheric intrusions (SIs) on tropospheric and near-surface ozone in Central and Eastern China from a stratospheric source tracing perspective. SIs contribute the most in the eastern plains, with a contribution exceeding 15 %, and have a small contribution to the west and south. Western Siberia and Mongolia are the most critical source areas for indirect and direct SIs, with the Rossby wave and northeast cold vortex being important driving circulation systems.
Yuehan Luo, Tianliang Zhao, Kai Meng, Jun Hu, Qingjian Yang, Yongqing Bai, Kai Yang, Weikang Fu, Chenghao Tan, Yifan Zhang, Yanzhe Zhang, and Zhikuan Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7013–7026, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7013-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7013-2024, 2024
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We reveal a significant mechanism of stratospheric O3 intrusion (SI) into the atmospheric environment induced by an extratropical cyclone system. This system facilitates the downward transport of stratospheric O3 to the near-surface layer by vertical coupling, involving the upper westerly trough, the middle northeast cold vortex, and the lower extratropical cyclone in the troposphere. On average, stratospheric O3 contributed 26.77 % to near-surface O3 levels over the North China Plain.
Nan Wang, Yunsong Du, Dongyang Chen, Haiyan Meng, Xi Chen, Li Zhou, Guangming Shi, Yu Zhan, Miao Feng, Wei Li, Mulan Chen, Zhenliang Li, and Fumo Yang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3029–3042, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3029-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3029-2024, 2024
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In the scorching August 2022 heatwave, China's Sichuan Basin saw a stark contrast in ozone (O3) levels between Chengdu and Chongqing. The regional disparities were studied considering meteorology, precursors, photochemistry, and transportation. The study highlighted the importance of tailored pollution control measures and underlined the necessity for region-specific strategies to combat O3 pollution on a regional scale.
Chen He, Hanxiong Che, Zier Bao, Yiliang Liu, Qing Li, Miao Hu, Jiawei Zhou, Shumin Zhang, Xiaojiang Yao, Quan Shi, Chunmao Chen, Yan Han, Lingshuo Meng, Xin Long, Fumo Yang, and Yang Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1627–1639, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1627-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1627-2024, 2024
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We examined the daily evolution of high molecular-weight organic compounds with a molecular weight of up to 1000 Da in order to comprehend their behaviors in the atmosphere under actual conditions. These compounds were proven to undergo multi-generation oxidation, carboxylation, and nitrification via both day- and nighttime chemistry.
Nan Wang, Hongyue Wang, Xin Huang, Xi Chen, Yu Zou, Tao Deng, Tingyuan Li, Xiaopu Lyu, and Fumo Yang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1559–1570, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1559-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1559-2024, 2024
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This study explores the influence of extreme-weather-induced natural processes on ozone pollution, which is often overlooked. By analyzing meteorological factors, natural emissions, chemistry pathways and atmospheric transport, we discovered that these natural processes could substantially exacerbate ozone pollution. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of ozone pollution and offer valuable insights for controlling ozone pollution in the context of global warming.
Naifu Shao, Chunsong Lu, Xingcan Jia, Yuan Wang, Yubin Li, Yan Yin, Bin Zhu, Tianliang Zhao, Duanyang Liu, Shengjie Niu, Shuxian Fan, Shuqi Yan, and Jingjing Lv
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9873–9890, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9873-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9873-2023, 2023
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Fog is an important meteorological phenomenon that affects visibility. Aerosols and the planetary boundary layer (PBL) play critical roles in the fog life cycle. In this study, aerosol-induced changes in fog properties become more remarkable in the second fog (Fog2) than in the first fog (Fog1). The reason is that aerosol–cloud interaction (ACI) delays Fog1 dissipation, leading to the PBL meteorological conditions being more conducive to Fog2 formation and to stronger ACI in Fog2.
Zhier Bao, Xinyi Zhang, Qing Li, Jiawei Zhou, Guangming Shi, Li Zhou, Fumo Yang, Shaodong Xie, Dan Zhang, Chongzhi Zhai, Zhenliang Li, Chao Peng, and Yang Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 1147–1167, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1147-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1147-2023, 2023
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We characterised non-refractory fine particulate matter (PM2.5) during winter in the Sichuan Basin (SCB), Southwest China. The factors driving severe aerosol pollution were revealed, highlighting the importance of rapid nitrate formation and intensive biomass burning. Nitrate was primarily formed through gas-phase oxidation during daytime and aqueous-phase oxidation during nighttime. Controlling nitrate and biomass burning will benefit the mitigation of haze formation in the SCB.
Chenglong Zhou, Yuzhi Liu, Qingzhe Zhu, Qing He, Tianliang Zhao, Fan Yang, Wen Huo, Xinghua Yang, and Ali Mamtimin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5195–5207, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5195-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5195-2022, 2022
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Based on the radiosonde observations, an anomalously warm layer is measured at altitudes between 500 and 300 hPa over the Tarim Basin (TB) with an average intensity of 2.53 and 1.39 K in the spring and summer, respectively. The heat contributions of dust to this anomalously warm atmospheric layer in spring and summer were 13.77 and 10.25 %, respectively. Topographically, the TB is adjacent to the Tibetan Plateau; we propose the concept of the Tibetan heat source’s northward extension.
Xiaoyun Sun, Tianliang Zhao, Yongqing Bai, Shaofei Kong, Huang Zheng, Weiyang Hu, Xiaodan Ma, and Jie Xiong
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 3579–3593, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-3579-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-3579-2022, 2022
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This study revealed the impact of anthropogenic emissions and meteorological conditions on PM2.5 decline in the regional transport of air pollutants over a receptor region in central China. The meteorological drivers led to upwind accelerating and downward offsetting of the effects of emission reductions over the receptor region in regional PM2.5 transport, and the contribution of gaseous precursor emissions to PM2.5 pollution was enhanced with reduced anthropogenic emissions in recent years.
Xiangde Xu, Chan Sun, Deliang Chen, Tianliang Zhao, Jianjun Xu, Shengjun Zhang, Juan Li, Bin Chen, Yang Zhao, Hongxiong Xu, Lili Dong, Xiaoyun Sun, and Yan Zhu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 1149–1157, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1149-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1149-2022, 2022
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A vertical transport window of tropospheric vapor exists on the Tibetan Plateau (TP). The TP's thermal forcing drives the vertical transport
windowof vapor in the troposphere. The effects of the TP's vertical transport window of vapor are of importance in global climate change.
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Short summary
We targeted four stratospheric intrusion episodes to investigate the impacts of cross-layer transport of stratospheric O3 on the near-surface environmental atmosphere over Sichuan Basin and uncover multi-scale atmospheric circulation coupling mechanisms with the seasonally discrepant terrain effects of Tibetan Plateau. Results provided the critical insights into understanding of regional O3 pollution genesis with the exceptional natural sources contribution derived from the stratosphere.
We targeted four stratospheric intrusion episodes to investigate the impacts of cross-layer...
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