Articles | Volume 21, issue 17
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13187-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13187-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
06 Sep 2021
Research article |
| 06 Sep 2021
| 06 Sep 2021
Chemical composition, optical properties, and oxidative potential of water- and methanol-soluble organic compounds emitted from the combustion of biomass materials and coal
Tao Cao
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization,
Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou
510640, China
CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640,
China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Meiju Li
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization,
Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou
510640, China
CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640,
China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Chunlin Zou
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization,
Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou
510640, China
CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640,
China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Xingjun Fan
College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology
University, Anhui 233100, China
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization,
Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou
510640, China
CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640,
China
Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution
and Control, Guangzhou 510640, China
Wanglu Jia
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization,
Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou
510640, China
CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640,
China
Chiling Yu
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization,
Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou
510640, China
CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640,
China
Zhiqiang Yu
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization,
Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou
510640, China
CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640,
China
Ping'an Peng
State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization,
Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou
510640, China
CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou 510640,
China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution
and Control, Guangzhou 510640, China
Related authors
No articles found.
Wei Sun, Xiaodong Hu, Yuzhen Fu, Guohua Zhang, Yujiao Zhu, Xinfeng Wang, Caiqing Yan, Likun Xue, He Meng, Bin Jiang, Yuhong Liao, Xinming Wang, Ping'an Peng, and Xinhui Bi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6987–6999, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6987-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6987-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The formation pathways of nitrogen-containing compounds (NOCs) in the atmosphere remain unclear. We investigated the composition of aerosols and fog water by state-of-the-art mass spectrometry and compared the formation pathways of NOCs. We found that NOCs in aerosols were mainly formed through nitration reaction, while ammonia addition played a more important role in fog water. The results deepen our understanding of the processes of organic particulate pollution.
Xingjun Fan, Ao Cheng, Xufang Yu, Tao Cao, Dan Chen, Wenchao Ji, Yongbing Cai, Fande Meng, Jianzhong Song, and Ping'an Peng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3769–3783, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3769-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3769-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Molecular-level characteristics of high molecular weight (HMW) and low MW (LMW) humic-like substances (HULIS) were comprehensively investigated, where HMW HULIS had larger chromophores and larger molecular size than LMW HULIS and exhibited higher aromaticity and humification. Electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry revealed more aromatic molecules in HMW HULIS. HMW HULIS had more CHON compounds, while LMW HULIS had more CHO compounds.
Xiangyun Zhang, Jun Li, Sanyuan Zhu, Junwen Liu, Ping Ding, Shutao Gao, Chongguo Tian, Yingjun Chen, Ping'an Peng, and Gan Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7495–7502, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7495-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7495-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The results show that 14C elemental carbon (EC) was not only related to the isolation method but also to the types and proportions of the biomass sources in the sample. The hydropyrolysis (Hypy) method, which can be used to isolate a highly stable portion of ECHypy and avoid charring, is a more effective and stable approach for the matrix-independent 14C quantification of EC in aerosols, and the 13C–ECHypy and non-fossil ECHypy values of SRM1649b were –24.9 ‰ and 11 %, respectively.
Jiao Tang, Jun Li, Shizhen Zhao, Guangcai Zhong, Yangzhi Mo, Hongxing Jiang, Bin Jiang, Yingjun Chen, Jianhui Tang, Chongguo Tian, Zheng Zong, Jabir Hussain Syed, Jianzhong Song, and Gan Zhang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-403, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-403, 2023
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides a comprehensive molecular identification of atmospheric common fluorescent components and deciphers their related formation pathways. The fluorescent components varied in molecular composition, and a dominant oxidation pathway for the formation of humic-like fluorescent components was suggested, notwithstanding their different precursor types. Our findings are expected to be helpful to further studies using the EEM-PARAFAC as a tool to study atmospheric BrC.
Tao Cao, Meiju Li, Cuncun Xu, Jianzhong Song, Xingjun Fan, Jun Li, Wanglu Jia, and Ping'an Peng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2613–2625, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2613-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2613-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This work comprehensively investigated the fluorescence data of light-absorbing organic compounds, water-soluble organic matter in different types of aerosol samples, soil dust, and fulvic and humic acids using an excitation–emission matrix (EEM) method and parallel factor modeling. The results revealed which light-absorbing species can be detected by EEM and also provided important information for identifying the chemical composition and possible sources of these species in atmospheric samples.
Chunlin Zou, Tao Cao, Meiju Li, Jianzhong Song, Bin Jiang, Wanglu Jia, Jun Li, Xiang Ding, Zhiqiang Yu, Gan Zhang, and Ping'an Peng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 963–979, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-963-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-963-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, PM2.5 samples were obtained during a winter haze event in Guangzhou, China, and light absorption and molecular composition of humic-like substances (HULIS) were investigated by UV–Vis spectrophotometry and ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry. The findings obtained present some differences from the results reported in other regions of China and significantly enhanced our understanding of HULIS evolution during haze bloom-decay processes in the subtropic region of southern China.
Ziyong Guo, Yuxiang Yang, Xiaodong Hu, Xiaocong Peng, Yuzhen Fu, Wei Sun, Guohua Zhang, Duohong Chen, Xinhui Bi, Xinming Wang, and Ping'an Peng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 4827–4839, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4827-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4827-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We show that in-cloud aqueous processing facilitates the formation of brown carbon (BrC), based on the simultaneous measurements of the light-absorption properties of the cloud residuals, cloud interstitial, and cloud-free particles. While extensive laboratory evidence indicated the formation of BrC in aqueous phase, our study represents the first attempt to show the possibility in real clouds, which would have potential implications in the atmospheric evolution and radiation forcing of BrC.
Wei Sun, Yuzhen Fu, Guohua Zhang, Yuxiang Yang, Feng Jiang, Xiufeng Lian, Bin Jiang, Yuhong Liao, Xinhui Bi, Duohong Chen, Jianmin Chen, Xinming Wang, Jie Ou, Ping'an Peng, and Guoying Sheng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16631–16644, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16631-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16631-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We sampled cloud water at a remote mountain site and investigated the molecular characteristics. CHON and CHO are dominant in cloud water. No statistical difference in the oxidation state is observed between cloud water and interstitial PM2.5. Most of the formulas are aliphatic and olefinic species. CHON, with aromatic structures and organosulfates, are abundant, especially in nighttime samples. The in-cloud and multi-phase dark reactions likely contribute significantly.
Long Peng, Lei Li, Guohua Zhang, Xubing Du, Xinming Wang, Ping'an Peng, Guoying Sheng, and Xinhui Bi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 5605–5613, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5605-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5605-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We build a novel system that utilizes an aerodynamic aerosol classifier (AAC) combined with a single-particle aerosol mass spectrometry (SPAMS) to simultaneously characterize the volume equivalent diameter (Dve), chemical compositions, and effective density (ρe) of individual particles in real time. A test of the AAC-SPAMS with both spherical and aspherical particles shows that the deviations between the measured and theoretical values are less than 6 %.
Qingqing Yu, Xiang Ding, Quanfu He, Weiqiang Yang, Ming Zhu, Sheng Li, Runqi Zhang, Ruqin Shen, Yanli Zhang, Xinhui Bi, Yuesi Wang, Ping'an Peng, and Xinming Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 14581–14595, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-14581-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-14581-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We carried out a 1-year PM concurrent observation at 12 sites across six regions of China, and size-segregated PAHs were measured. We found both PAHs and BaPeq were concentrated in PM1.1, and northern China had higher PAHs' pollution and inhalation cancer risk than southern China. Nationwide increases in both PAH levels and inhalation cancer risk occurred in winter. We suggest reducing coal and biofuel consumption in the residential sector is an important option to mitigate PAHs' health risks.
Yuzhen Fu, Qinhao Lin, Guohua Zhang, Yuxiang Yang, Yiping Yang, Xiufeng Lian, Long Peng, Feng Jiang, Xinhui Bi, Lei Li, Yuanyuan Wang, Duohong Chen, Jie Ou, Xinming Wang, Ping'an Peng, Jianxi Zhu, and Guoying Sheng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 14063–14075, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-14063-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-14063-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Based on the analysis of the morphology and mixing structure of the activated and unactivated particles, our results emphasize the role of in-cloud processes in the chemistry and microphysical properties of individual activated particles. Given that organic coatings may determine the particle hygroscopicity and heterogeneous chemical reactivity, the increase of OM-shelled particles upon in-cloud processes should have considerable implications for their evolution and climate impact.
Jing Cai, Xiangying Zeng, Guorui Zhi, Sasho Gligorovski, Guoying Sheng, Zhiqiang Yu, Xinming Wang, and Ping'an Peng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 6115–6128, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-6115-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-6115-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The composition and light-induced evolution of a water-soluble organic carbon mixture from fresh biomass burning aerosols was investigated with direct infusion electrospray ionisation high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and liquid chromatography coupled with HRMS. Our findings indicate that the water-soluble organic fraction of combustion-derived aerosols has the potential to form more oxidised organic matter, contributing to the highly oxygenated nature of atmospheric organic aerosols.
Xingjun Fan, Tao Cao, Xufang Yu, Yan Wang, Xin Xiao, Feiyue Li, Yue Xie, Wenchao Ji, Jianzhong Song, and Ping'an Peng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 4593–4605, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4593-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4593-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
A particle-phase O3 oxidation of biomass burning (BB) smoke particles was conducted to investigate the evolution of brown carbon (BrC) therein. The O3 aging induced the decomposition of chromophores and fluorophores. EEM–PARAFAC showed a predominant decomposition of protein-like substances and a gradual increase proportion of humic-like substances for BB BrC during O3 aging. The dynamic spectral behavior of chromophores and functional groups within BrC was further explored by 2D-COS.
Jiao Tang, Jun Li, Tao Su, Yong Han, Yangzhi Mo, Hongxing Jiang, Min Cui, Bin Jiang, Yingjun Chen, Jianhui Tang, Jianzhong Song, Ping'an Peng, and Gan Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 2513–2532, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-2513-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-2513-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the light absorption, fluorescence, and molecular composition of dissolved organic carbon from the simulated combustion of biomass and coal and vehicle emissions with UV–vis spectra, EEM-PARAFAC, and FT-ICR MS. We observed high light absorption capacity from source emissions, and fluorescence spectra and molecular structures varied by source. We concluded that an EEM- and molecular-composition-based methodology could be helpful in the source apportionment of atmospheric aerosols.
Qingcai Chen, Zhen Mu, Li Xu, Mamin Wang, Jin Wang, Ming Shan, Xudong Yang, Xingjun Fan, Jianzhong Song, Yuqin Wang, Pengchuan Lin, Lixin Zhang, Zhenxing Shen, and Lin Du
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2019-1032, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2019-1032, 2020
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
It is important to study the formation characteristics and mechanism of triplet state in aerosols to quantify the effect of chromophore substances on the global climate and atmospheric environmental quality. The result of this study reveals that chromophore substances contributes significantly to aerosol photochemistry and plays an important role in aerosol aging. The global models may need to include those potential effects in the future.
Qinhao Lin, Yuxiang Yang, Yuzhen Fu, Guohua Zhang, Feng Jiang, Long Peng, Xiufeng Lian, Fengxian Liu, Xinhui Bi, Lei Li, Duohong Chen, Mei Li, Jie Ou, Mingjin Tang, Xinming Wang, Ping'an Peng, and Guoying Sheng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 10469–10479, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10469-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10469-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The effects of the chemical composition and size of sea-salt-containing particles on their cloud condensation nuclei activity are incompletely understood. Our results showed that submicron sea-salt-containing particles can enrich in small cloud droplets, likely due to change in the chemical composition, while supermicron sea-salt-containing particles tended in the large cloud droplets less affected by chemical composition. This difference might further influence their atmospheric residence time.
Qinhao Lin, Xinhui Bi, Guohua Zhang, Yuxiang Yang, Long Peng, Xiufeng Lian, Yuzhen Fu, Mei Li, Duohong Chen, Mark Miller, Ji Ou, Mingjin Tang, Xinming Wang, Ping'an Peng, Guoying Sheng, and Zhen Zhou
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 1195–1206, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1195-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1195-2019, 2019
Guohua Zhang, Qinhao Lin, Long Peng, Xinhui Bi, Duohong Chen, Mei Li, Lei Li, Fred J. Brechtel, Jianxin Chen, Weijun Yan, Xinming Wang, Ping'an Peng, Guoying Sheng, and Zhen Zhou
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 14975–14985, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14975-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14975-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The mixing state of black carbon (BC)-containing particles and the mass scavenging efficiency of BC in cloud were investigated at a mountain site (1690 m a.s.l.) in southern China. The measured BC-containing particles were internally mixed extensively with sulfate, and thus the number fraction of scavenged BC-containing particles is close to that of all the measured particles. BC-containing particles with higher fractions of organics were scavenged relatively less.
Xingjun Fan, Siye Wei, Mengbo Zhu, Jianzhong Song, and Ping'an Peng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 13321–13340, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-13321-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-13321-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
In the study, humic-like substances (HULIS) in smoke PM2.5 emitted from the combustion of biomass materials and fossil fuels are studied. The results indicate that both biomass burning and coal combustion are important primary sources of atmospheric HULIS. Moreover, the primary HULIS and atmospheric HULIS are similar in many properties, but some distinct features are also apparent. These results are helpful to understand the contribution and chemical nature of HULIS in combustion emissions.
Related subject area
Subject: Aerosols | Research Activity: Laboratory Studies | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
Measurement Report: Changes in ammonia emissions since the 18th century in south-eastern Europe inferred from an Elbrus (Caucasus, Russia) ice-core record
Atmospheric oxidation of 1,3-butadiene: influence of seed aerosol acidity and relative humidity on SOA composition and the production of air toxic compounds
Enhanced sulfate formation in mixed biomass burning and sea-salt interactions mediated by photosensitization: effects of chloride, nitrogen-containing compounds, and atmospheric aging
Heterogeneous formation and light absorption of secondary organic aerosols from acetone photochemical reactions: remarkably enhancing effects of seeds and ammonia
Experimental observation of the impact of nanostructure on hygroscopicity and reactivity of fatty acid atmospheric aerosol proxies
Technical note: High-resolution analyses of concentrations and sizes of refractory black carbon particles deposited in northwestern Greenland over the past 350 years – Part 1: Continuous flow analysis of the SIGMA-D ice core using the wide-range Single-Particle Soot Photometer and a high-efficiency nebulizer
Particulate emissions from cooking: emission factors, emission dynamics, and mass spectrometric analysis for different cooking methods
Hydrogen Peroxide Photoformation in Particulate Matter and its Contribution to S(IV) Oxidation During Winter in Fairbanks, Alaska
Nocturnal atmospheric synergistic oxidation reduces the formation of low-volatility organic compounds from biogenic emissions
The interplay between aqueous replacement reaction and the phase state of internally mixed organic/ammonium aerosols
Measurement report: The Fifth International Workshop on Ice Nucleation phase 1 (FIN-01): intercomparison of single-particle mass spectrometers
Boosting aerosol surface effects: Strongly Enhanced Cooperative Surface Propensity of Atmospherically Relevant Organic Molecular Ions in Aqueous Solution
The importance of burning conditions on the composition of domestic biomass burning organic aerosol and the impact of atmospheric aging
Characterization of the particle size distribution, mineralogy, and Fe mode of occurrence of dust-emitting sediments from the Mojave Desert, California, USA
The lifetimes and potential change in planetary albedo owing to the oxidation of organic films extracted from atmospheric aerosol by hydroyxl (OH) radical oxidation at the air-water interface of aerosol particles
Measurement report: Effects of transition metal ions on the optical properties of humic-like substances (HULIS) reveal a structural preference – a case study of PM2.5 in Beijing, China
Exometabolomic exploration of culturable airborne microorganisms from an urban atmosphere
Probing Iceland's dust-emitting sediments: particle size distribution, mineralogy, cohesion, Fe mode of occurrence, and reflectance spectra signatures
Photoenhanced sulfate formation by the heterogeneous uptake of SO2 on non-photoactive mineral dust
Comparison of water-soluble and water-insoluble organic compositions attributing to different light absorption efficiency between residential coal and biomass burning emissions
Suppressed atmospheric chemical aging of cooking organic aerosol particles in wintertime conditions
Formation and loss of light absorbance by phenolic aqueous SOA by ●OH and an organic triplet excited state
Technical Note: A technique to convert NO2 to NO2− with S(IV) and its application to measuring nitrate photolysis
Distribution, chemical, and molecular composition of high and low molecular weight humic-like substances in ambient aerosols
Desorption lifetimes and activation energies influencing gas–surface interactions and multiphase chemical kinetics
Molecular analysis of secondary organic aerosol and brown carbon from the oxidation of indole
Secondary organic aerosol formed by Euro 5 gasoline vehicle emissions: chemical composition and gas-to-particle phase partitioning
Assessment of the contribution of residential waste burning to ambient PM10 concentrations in Hungary and Romania
Source differences in the components and cytotoxicity of PM2.5 from automobile exhaust, coal combustion, and biomass burning contributing to urban aerosol toxicity
Chamber studies of OH + dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl disulfide: insights into the dimethyl sulfide oxidation mechanism
Low-temperature ice nucleation of sea spray and secondary marine aerosols under cirrus cloud conditions
Temperature-dependent aqueous OH kinetics of C2–C10 linear and terpenoid alcohols and diols: new rate coefficients, structure–activity relationship, and atmospheric lifetimes
A possible unaccounted source of nitrogen-containing compound formation in aerosols: amines reacting with secondary ozonides
Seasonal variations in photooxidant formation and light absorption in aqueous extracts of ambient particles
Variability in sediment particle size, mineralogy, and Fe mode of occurrence across dust-source inland drainage basins: the case of the lower Drâa Valley, Morocco
Gas–particle partitioning of toluene oxidation products: an experimental and modeling study
Chemically speciated air pollutant emissions from open burning of household solid waste from South Africa
Bulk and molecular-level composition of primary organic aerosol from wood, straw, cow dung, and plastic burning
Volatile oxidation products and secondary organosiloxane aerosol from D5 + OH at varying OH exposures
Molecular fingerprints and health risks of smoke from home-use incense burning
High enrichment of heavy metals in fine particulate matter through dust aerosol generation
Production of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) by fast-growing phytoplankton
Technical note: In situ measurements and modelling of the oxidation kinetics in films of a cooking aerosol proxy using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D)
Contrasting impacts of humidity on the ozonolysis of monoterpenes: insights into the multi-generation chemical mechanism
Quantifying the seasonal variations in and regional transport of PM2.5 in the Yangtze River Delta region, China: characteristics, sources, and health risks
Opinion: Atmospheric multiphase chemistry – past, present, and future
Distinct photochemistry in glycine particles mixed with different atmospheric nitrate salts
Effects of storage conditions on the molecular-level composition of organic aerosol particles
Characterization of gas and particle emissions from open burning of household solid waste from South Africa
Chemically distinct particle-phase emissions from highly controlled pyrolysis of three wood types
Michel Legrand, Mstislav Vorobyev, Daria Bokuchava, Stanislav Kutuzov, Andreas Plach, Andreas Stohl, Alexandra Khairedinova, Vladimir Mikhalenko, Maria Vinogradova, Sabine Eckhardt, and Susanne Preunkert
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1385–1399, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1385-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1385-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Past atmospheric NH3 pollution in south-eastern Europe was reconstructed by analysing ammonium in an ice core drilled at the Mount Elbrus (Caucasus, Russia). The observed 3.5-fold increase in ice concentrations between 1750 and 1990 CE is in good agreement with estimated past dominant ammonia emissions from agriculture, mainly from south European Russia and Türkiye. In contrast to present-day conditions, the ammonium level observed in 1750 CE indicates significant natural emissions at that time.
Mohammed Jaoui, Klara Nestorowicz, Krzysztof J. Rudzinski, Michael Lewandowski, Tadeusz E. Kleindienst, Julio Torres, Ewa Bulska, Witold Danikiewicz, and Rafal Szmigielski
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1401–1432, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1401-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1401-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Recent research has established the contribution of 1,3-butadiene (13BD) to organic aerosol formation with negative implications for urban air quality. Health effect studies have focused on whole particulate matter, but compounds responsible for adverse health effects remain uncertain. This study provides the effect of relative humidity and seed aerosol acidity on the chemical composition of aerosol formed from 13BD photooxidation.
Rongzhi Tang, Jialiang Ma, Ruifeng Zhang, Weizhen Cui, Yuanyuan Qin, Yangxi Chu, Yiming Qin, Alexander L. Vogel, and Chak K. Chan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 425–439, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-425-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-425-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides laboratory evidence that the photosensitizers in biomass burning extracts can enhance sulfate formation in NaCl particles, primarily by triggering the formation of secondary oxidants under light and air conditions, with a lower contribution of direct photosensitization via triplets.
Si Zhang, Yining Gao, Xinbei Xu, Luyao Chen, Can Wu, Zheng Li, Rongjie Li, Binyu Xiao, Xiaodi Liu, Rui Li, Fan Zhang, and Gehui Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 14177–14190, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-14177-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-14177-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) from acetone photooxidation in the presence of various seeds were studied to illustrate SOA formation kinetics under ammonia-rich conditions. The oxidation mechanism of acetone was investigated using an observation-based model incorporating a Master Chemical Mechanism model. A higher SOA yield of acetone was observed compared to methylglyoxal due to an enhanced uptake of the small photooxidation products of acetone.
Adam Milsom, Adam M. Squires, Ben Laurence, Ben Wōden, Andrew J. Smith, Andrew D. Ward, and Christian Pfrang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13571–13586, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13571-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13571-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We followed nano-structural changes in mixtures found in urban organic aerosol emissions (oleic acid, sodium oleate and fructose) during humidity change and ozone exposure. We demonstrate that self-assembly of fatty acid nanostructures can impact water uptake and chemical reactivity, affecting atmospheric lifetimes, urban air quality (preventing harmful emissions from degradation and enabling their long-range transport) and climate (affecting cloud formation), with implications for human health.
Kumiko Goto-Azuma, Remi Dallmayr, Yoshimi Ogawa-Tsukagawa, Nobuhiro Moteki, Tatsuhiro Mori, Sho Ohata, Yutaka Kondo, Makoto Koike, Motohiro Hirabayashi, Jun Ogata, Kyotaro Kitamura, Kenji Kawamura, Koji Fujita, Sumito Matoba, Naoko Nagatsuka, Akane Tsushima, Kaori Fukuda, and Teruo Aoki
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12985–13000, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12985-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12985-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a continuous flow analysis system to analyze an ice core from northwestern Greenland and coupled it with an improved refractory black carbon (rBC) measurement technique. This allowed accurate high-resolution analyses of size distributions and concentrations of rBC particles with diameters of 70 nm–4 μm for the past 350 years. Our results provide crucial insights into rBC's climatic effects. We also found previous ice core studies substantially underestimated rBC mass concentrations.
Julia Pikmann, Frank Drewnick, Friederike Fachinger, and Stephan Borrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12295–12321, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12295-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12295-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Cooking activities can contribute substantially to indoor and ambient aerosol. We performed a comprehensive study with laboratory measurements cooking 19 different dishes and ambient measurements at two Christmas markets measuring various particle properties and trace gases of emissions in real time. Similar emission characteristics were observed for dishes with the same preparation method, mainly due to similar cooking temperature and use of oil, with barbecuing as an especially strong source.
Michael Oluwatoyin Sunday, Laura Marie Dahler Heinlein, Junwei He, Allison Moon, Sukriti Kapur, Ting Fang, Kasey C. Edwards, Fangzhou Guo, Jack Dibb, James H. Flynn III, Becky Alexander, Manabu Shiraiwa, and Cort Anastasio
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3272, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3272, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Hydrogen peroxide (HOOH) is an important oxidant that forms atmospheric sulfate. We demonstrate that illumination of brown carbon can rapidly form HOOH within particles, even under the low sunlight conditions of Fairbanks, Alaska during winter. This in-particle formation of HOOH is fast enough that it forms sulfate at significant rates. In contrast, the formation of HOOH in the gas phase during the campaign is expected to be negligible because of high NOx levels.
Han Zang, Zekun Luo, Chenxi Li, Ziyue Li, Dandan Huang, and Yue Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 11701–11716, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11701-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11701-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric organics are subject to synergistic oxidation by different oxidants, yet the mechanisms of such processes are poorly understood. Here, using direct measurements and kinetic modeling, we probe the nocturnal synergistic-oxidation mechanism of α-pinene by O3 and NO3 radicals and in particular the fate of peroxy radical intermediates of different origins, which will deepen our understanding of the monoterpene oxidation chemistry and its contribution to atmospheric particle formation.
Hui Yang, Fengfeng Dong, Li Xia, Qishen Huang, Shufeng Pang, and Yunhong Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 11619–11635, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11619-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11619-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric secondary aerosols, composed of organic and inorganic components, undergo complex reactions that impact their phase state. Using molecular spectroscopy, we showed that ammonium-promoted aqueous replacement reaction, unique to these aerosols, is closely linked to phase behavior. The interplay between reactions and aerosol phase state can cause atypical phase transition and irreversible changes in aerosol composition during hygroscopic cycles, further impacting atmospheric processes.
Xiaoli Shen, David M. Bell, Hugh Coe, Naruki Hiranuma, Fabian Mahrt, Nicholas A. Marsden, Claudia Mohr, Daniel M. Murphy, Harald Saathoff, Johannes Schneider, Jacqueline Wilson, Maria A. Zawadowicz, Alla Zelenyuk, Paul J. DeMott, Ottmar Möhler, and Daniel J. Cziczo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10869–10891, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10869-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10869-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Single-particle mass spectrometry (SPMS) is commonly used to measure the chemical composition and mixing state of aerosol particles. Intercomparison of SPMS instruments was conducted. All instruments reported similar size ranges and common spectral features. The instrument-specific detection efficiency was found to be more dependent on particle size than type. All differentiated secondary organic aerosol, soot, and soil dust but had difficulties differentiating among minerals and dusts.
Harmanjot Kaur, Stephan Thürmer, Shirin Gholami, Bruno Credidio, Florian Trinter, Debora Vasconcelos, Ricardo Marinho, Joel Pinheiro, Hendrik Bluhm, Arnaldo Naves de Brito, Gunnar Öhrwall, Bernd Winter, and Olle Björneholm
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2609, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2609, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The climate effects of atmospheric aerosols are insufficiently known, and the properties of aerosols are affected by their surface due to their small size. Organic molecules are important aerosol constituents. We show that the surface composition of aerosols containing organic molecules and water is very different from the bulk. This affects all surface-related properties and processes. Our results demonstrate the importance of accounting for the aerosol surface composition in climate models.
Rhianna Louise Evans, Daniel Jack Bryant, Aristeidis Voliotis, Dawei Hu, Huihui Wu, Sara Aisyah Syafira, Osayomwanbor Ebenezer Oghama, Gordon McFiggans, Jacqueline Fiona Hamilton, and Andrew Robert Rickard
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2642, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2642, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The chemical composition of organic aerosol derived from wood burning emissions under different burning conditions was characterised. Fresh emissions from flaming and smouldering were largely aromatic in nature whereas upon aging the aromatic content decreased. This decrease was greater for smouldering due to the loss of toxic polyaromatic species. Whereas under flaming conditions highly toxic polyaromatic species were produced. These differences present an important challenge for policy.
Adolfo González-Romero, Cristina González-Flórez, Agnesh Panta, Jesús Yus-Díez, Patricia Córdoba, Andres Alastuey, Natalia Moreno, Melani Hernández-Chiriboga, Konrad Kandler, Martina Klose, Roger N. Clark, Bethany L. Ehlmann, Rebecca N. Greenberger, Abigail M. Keebler, Phil Brodrick, Robert Green, Paul Ginoux, Xavier Querol, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 9155–9176, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9155-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9155-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this research, we studied the dust-emitting properties of crusts and aeolian ripples from the Mojave Desert. These properties are key to understanding the effect of dust upon climate. We found two different playa lakes according to the groundwater regime, which implies differences in crusts' cohesion state and mineralogy, which can affect the dust emission potential and properties. We also compare them with Moroccan Sahara crusts and Icelandic top sediments.
Rosalie Shepherd, Martin King, Andrew Ward, Edward Stuckey, Rebecca Welbourn, Neil Brough, Adam Milsom, Christian Pfrang, and Thomas Arnold
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2367, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2367, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Thin film formation at the air-water interface from material extracted from atmospheric aerosol was demonstrated, supporting core-shell morphology. The film thicknesses were approximately 10 Å and 17 Å for urban and remote extracts. Exposure to gas-phase OH radicals showed fast reactions and short lifetimes of around 1 hour. The effect on the Earth's radiative balance indicated that removing half of the film could significantly increase the top of the atmosphere albedo for urban films.
Juanjuan Qin, Leiming Zhang, Yuanyuan Qin, Shaoxuan Shi, Jingnan Li, Zhao Shu, Yuwei Gao, Ting Qi, Jihua Tan, and Xinming Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7575–7589, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7575-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7575-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The present research unveiled that acidity dominates while transition metal ions harmonize with the light absorption properties of humic-like substances (HULIS). Cu2+ has quenching effects on HULIS by complexation, hydrogen substitution, or electrostatic adsorption, with aromatic structures of HULIS. Such effects are less pronounced if from Mn2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, and Cu2+. Oxidized HULIS might contain electron-donating groups, whereas N-containing compounds might contain electron-withdrawing groups.
Rui Jin, Wei Hu, Peimin Duan, Ming Sheng, Dandan Liu, Ziye Huang, Mutong Niu, Libin Wu, Junjun Deng, and Pingqing Fu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1880, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1880, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The metabolic capacity of atmospheric microorganisms after settling into habitats is poorly understood. We studied the molecular composition of exometabolites for cultured typical airborne microbes and traced their metabolic processes. Bacteria and fungi produce highly oxidized exometabolite and have significant variations in metabolism among different strains. These insights are pivotal for assessing the biogeochemical impacts of atmospheric microorganisms following their deposition.
Adolfo González-Romero, Cristina González-Flórez, Agnesh Panta, Jesús Yus-Díez, Patricia Córdoba, Andres Alastuey, Natalia Moreno, Konrad Kandler, Martina Klose, Roger N. Clark, Bethany L. Ehlmann, Rebecca N. Greenberger, Abigail M. Keebler, Phil Brodrick, Robert O. Green, Xavier Querol, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6883–6910, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6883-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6883-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The knowledge of properties from dust emitted in high latitudes such as in Iceland is scarce. This study focuses on the particle size, mineralogy, cohesion, and iron mode of occurrence and reflectance spectra of dust-emitting sediments. Icelandic top sediments have lower cohesion state, coarser particle size, distinctive mineralogy, and 3-fold bulk Fe content, with a large presence of magnetite compared to Saharan crusts.
Wangjin Yang, Jiawei Ma, Hongxing Yang, Fu Li, and Chong Han
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6757–6768, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6757-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6757-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We provide evidence that light enhances the conversion of SO2 to sulfates on non-photoactive mineral dust, where triplet states of SO2 (3SO2) can act as a pivotal trigger to generate sulfates. Photochemical sulfate formation depends on H2O, O2, and basicity of mineral dust. The SO2 photochemistry on non-photoactive mineral dust contributes to sulfates, highlighting previously unknown pathways to better explain the missing sources of atmospheric sulfates.
Lu Zhang, Jin Li, Yaojie Li, Xinlei Liu, Zhihan Luo, Guofeng Shen, and Shu Tao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6323–6337, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6323-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6323-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Brown carbon (BrC) is related to radiative forcing and climate change. The BrC fraction from residential coal and biomass burning emissions, which were the major source of BrC, was characterized at the molecular level. The CHOS aromatic compounds explained higher light absorption efficiencies of biomass burning emissions compared to coal. The unique formulas of coal combustion aerosols were characterized by higher unsaturated compounds, and such information could be used for source appointment.
Wenli Liu, Longkun He, Yingjun Liu, Keren Liao, Qi Chen, and Mikinori Kuwata
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5625–5636, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5625-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5625-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Cooking is a major source of particles in urban areas. Previous studies demonstrated that the chemical lifetimes of cooking organic aerosols (COAs) were much shorter (~minutes) than the values reported by field observations (~hours). We conducted laboratory experiments to resolve the discrepancy by considering suppressed reactivity under low temperature. The parameterized k2–T relationships and observed surface temperature data were used to estimate the chemical lifetimes of COA particles.
Stephanie Arciva, Lan Ma, Camille Mavis, Chrystal Guzman, and Cort Anastasio
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4473–4485, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4473-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4473-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We measured changes in light absorption during the aqueous oxidation of six phenols with hydroxyl radical (●OH) or an organic triplet excited state (3C*). All the phenols formed light-absorbing secondary brown carbon (BrC), which then decayed with continued oxidation. Extrapolation to ambient conditions suggest ●OH is the dominant sink of secondary phenolic BrC in fog/cloud drops, while 3C* controls the lifetime of this light absorption in particle water.
Aaron Lieberman, Julietta Picco, Murat Onder, and Cort Anastasio
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4411–4419, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4411-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4411-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a method that uses aqueous S(IV) to quantitatively convert NO2 to NO2−, which allows both species to be quantified using the Griess method. As an example of the utility of the method, we quantified both photolysis channels of nitrate, with and without a scavenger for hydroxyl radical (·OH). The results show that without a scavenger, ·OH reacts with nitrite to form nitrogen dioxide, suppressing the apparent quantum yield of NO2− and enhancing that of NO2.
Xingjun Fan, Ao Cheng, Xufang Yu, Tao Cao, Dan Chen, Wenchao Ji, Yongbing Cai, Fande Meng, Jianzhong Song, and Ping'an Peng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3769–3783, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3769-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3769-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Molecular-level characteristics of high molecular weight (HMW) and low MW (LMW) humic-like substances (HULIS) were comprehensively investigated, where HMW HULIS had larger chromophores and larger molecular size than LMW HULIS and exhibited higher aromaticity and humification. Electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry revealed more aromatic molecules in HMW HULIS. HMW HULIS had more CHON compounds, while LMW HULIS had more CHO compounds.
Daniel A. Knopf, Markus Ammann, Thomas Berkemeier, Ulrich Pöschl, and Manabu Shiraiwa
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3445–3528, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3445-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3445-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The initial step of interfacial and multiphase chemical processes involves adsorption and desorption of gas species. This study demonstrates the role of desorption energy governing the residence time of the gas species at the environmental interface. A parameterization is formulated that enables the prediction of desorption energy based on the molecular weight, polarizability, and oxygen-to-carbon ratio of the desorbing chemical species. Its application to gas–particle interactions is discussed.
Feng Jiang, Kyla Siemens, Claudia Linke, Yanxia Li, Yiwei Gong, Thomas Leisner, Alexander Laskin, and Harald Saathoff
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2639–2649, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2639-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2639-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the optical properties, chemical composition, and formation mechanisms of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and brown carbon (BrC) from the oxidation of indole with and without NO2 in the Aerosol Interaction and Dynamics in the Atmosphere (AIDA) simulation chamber. This work is one of the very few to link the optical properties and chemical composition of indole SOA with and without NO2 by simulation chamber experiments.
Evangelia Kostenidou, Baptiste Marques, Brice Temime-Roussel, Yao Liu, Boris Vansevenant, Karine Sartelet, and Barbara D'Anna
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2705–2729, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2705-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2705-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from gasoline vehicles can be a significant source of particulate matter in urban areas. Here the chemical composition of secondary volatile organic compounds and SOA produced by photo-oxidation of Euro 5 gasoline vehicle emissions was studied. The volatility of the SOA formed was calculated. Except for the temperature and the concentration of the aerosol, additional parameters may play a role in the gas-to-particle partitioning.
András Hoffer, Aida Meiramova, Ádám Tóth, Beatrix Jancsek-Turóczi, Gyula Kiss, Ágnes Rostási, Erika Andrea Levei, Luminita Marmureanu, Attila Machon, and András Gelencsér
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1659–1671, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1659-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1659-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Specific tracer compounds identified previously in controlled test burnings of different waste types in the laboratory were detected and quantified in ambient PM10 samples collected in five Hungarian and four Romanian settlements. Back-of-the-envelope calculations based on the relative emission factors of individual tracers suggested that the contribution of solid waste burning particulate emissions to ambient PM10 mass concentrations may be as high as a few percent.
Xiao-San Luo, Weijie Huang, Guofeng Shen, Yuting Pang, Mingwei Tang, Weijun Li, Zhen Zhao, Hanhan Li, Yaqian Wei, Longjiao Xie, and Tariq Mehmood
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1345–1360, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1345-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1345-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
PM2.5 are air pollutants threatening health globally, but they are a mixture of chemical compositions from many sources and result in unequal toxicity. Which composition from which source of PM2.5 as the most hazardous object is a question hindering effective pollution control policy-making. With chemical and toxicity experiments, we found automobile exhaust and coal combustion to be priority emissions with higher toxic compositions for precise air pollution control, ensuring public health.
Matthew B. Goss and Jesse H. Kroll
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1299–1314, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1299-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1299-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The chemistry driving dimethyl sulfide (DMS) oxidation and subsequent sulfate particle formation in the atmosphere is poorly constrained. We oxidized two related compounds (dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl disulfide) in the laboratory under varied NOx conditions and measured the gas- and particle-phase products. These results demonstrate that both the OH addition and OH abstraction pathways for DMS oxidation contribute to particle formation via mechanisms that do not involve the SO2 intermediate.
Ryan J. Patnaude, Kathryn A. Moore, Russell J. Perkins, Thomas C. J. Hill, Paul J. DeMott, and Sonia M. Kreidenweis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 911–928, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-911-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-911-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we examined the effect of atmospheric aging on sea spray aerosols (SSAs) to form ice and how newly formed secondary marine aerosols (SMAs) may freeze at cirrus temperatures (< −38 °C). Results show that SSAs freeze at different relative humidities (RHs) depending on the temperature and that the ice-nucleating ability of SSA was not hindered by atmospheric aging. SMAs are shown to freeze at high RHs and are likely inefficient at forming ice at cirrus temperatures.
Bartłomiej Witkowski, Priyanka Jain, Beata Wileńska, and Tomasz Gierczak
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 663–688, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-663-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-663-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This article reports the results of the kinetic measurements for the aqueous oxidation of the 29 aliphatic alcohols by hydroxyl radical (OH) at different temperatures. The data acquired and the literature data were used to optimize a model for predicting the aqueous OH reactivity of alcohols and carboxylic acids and to estimate the atmospheric lifetimes of five terpenoic alcohols. The kinetic data provided new insights into the mechanism of aqueous oxidation of aliphatic molecules by the OH.
Junting Qiu, Xinlin Shen, Jiangyao Chen, Guiying Li, and Taicheng An
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 155–166, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-155-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-155-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We studied reactions of secondary ozonides (SOZs) with amines. SOZs formed from ozonolysis of β-caryophyllene and α-humulene are found to be reactive to ethylamine and methylamine. Products from SOZs with various conformations reacting with the same amine had different functional groups. Our findings indicate that interaction of SOZs with amines in the atmosphere is very complicated, which is potentially a hitherto unrecognized source of N-containing compound formation.
Lan Ma, Reed Worland, Laura Heinlein, Chrystal Guzman, Wenqing Jiang, Christopher Niedek, Keith J. Bein, Qi Zhang, and Cort Anastasio
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1–21, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We measured concentrations of three photooxidants – the hydroxyl radical, triplet excited states of organic carbon, and singlet molecular oxygen – in fine particles collected over a year. Concentrations are highest in extracts of fresh biomass burning particles, largely because they have the highest particle concentrations and highest light absorption. When normalized by light absorption, rates of formation for each oxidant are generally similar for the four particle types we observed.
Adolfo González-Romero, Cristina González-Flórez, Agnesh Panta, Jesús Yus-Díez, Cristina Reche, Patricia Córdoba, Natalia Moreno, Andres Alastuey, Konrad Kandler, Martina Klose, Clarissa Baldo, Roger N. Clark, Zongbo Shi, Xavier Querol, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15815–15834, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15815-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15815-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The effect of dust emitted from desertic surfaces upon climate and ecosystems depends on size and mineralogy, but data from soil mineral atlases of desert soils are scarce. We performed particle-size distribution, mineralogy, and Fe speciation in southern Morocco. Results show coarser particles with high quartz proportion are near the elevated areas, while in depressed areas, sizes are finer, and proportions of clays and nano-Fe oxides are higher. This difference is important for dust modelling.
Victor Lannuque, Barbara D'Anna, Evangelia Kostenidou, Florian Couvidat, Alvaro Martinez-Valiente, Philipp Eichler, Armin Wisthaler, Markus Müller, Brice Temime-Roussel, Richard Valorso, and Karine Sartelet
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15537–15560, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15537-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15537-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Large uncertainties remain in understanding secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from toluene oxidation. In this study, speciation measurements in gaseous and particulate phases were carried out, providing partitioning and volatility data on individual toluene SOA components at different temperatures. A new detailed oxidation mechanism was developed to improve modeled speciation, and effects of different processes involved in gas–particle partitioning at the molecular scale are explored.
Xiaoliang Wang, Hatef Firouzkouhi, Judith C. Chow, John G. Watson, Steven Sai Hang Ho, Warren Carter, and Alexandra S. M. De Vos
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15375–15393, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15375-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15375-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Open burning of municipal solid waste emits chemicals that are harmful to the environment. This paper reports source profiles and emission factors for PM2.5 species and acidic/alkali gases from laboratory combustion of 10 waste categories (including plastics and biomass) that represent open burning in South Africa. Results will be useful for health and climate impact assessments, speciated emission inventories, source-oriented dispersion models, and receptor-based source apportionment.
Jun Zhang, Kun Li, Tiantian Wang, Erlend Gammelsæter, Rico K. Y. Cheung, Mihnea Surdu, Sophie Bogler, Deepika Bhattu, Dongyu S. Wang, Tianqu Cui, Lu Qi, Houssni Lamkaddam, Imad El Haddad, Jay G. Slowik, Andre S. H. Prevot, and David M. Bell
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14561–14576, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14561-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14561-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted burning experiments to simulate various types of solid fuel combustion, including residential burning, wildfires, agricultural burning, cow dung, and plastic bag burning. The chemical composition of the particles was characterized using mass spectrometers, and new potential markers for different fuels were identified using statistical analysis. This work improves our understanding of emissions from solid fuel burning and offers support for refined source apportionment.
Hyun Gu Kang, Yanfang Chen, Yoojin Park, Thomas Berkemeier, and Hwajin Kim
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14307–14323, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14307-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14307-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
D5 is an emerging anthropogenic pollutant that is ubiquitous in indoor and urban environments, and the OH oxidation of D5 forms secondary organosiloxane aerosol (SOSiA). Application of a kinetic box model that uses a volatility basis set (VBS) showed that consideration of oxidative aging (aging-VBS) predicts SOSiA formation much better than using a standard-VBS model. Ageing-dependent parameterization is needed to accurately model SOSiA to assess the implications of siloxanes for air quality.
Kai Song, Rongzhi Tang, Jingshun Zhang, Zichao Wan, Yuan Zhang, Kun Hu, Yuanzheng Gong, Daqi Lv, Sihua Lu, Yu Tan, Ruifeng Zhang, Ang Li, Shuyuan Yan, Shichao Yan, Baoming Fan, Wenfei Zhu, Chak K. Chan, Maosheng Yao, and Song Guo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13585–13595, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13585-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13585-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Incense burning is common in Asia, posing threats to human health and air quality. However, less is known about its emissions and health risks. Full-volatility organic species from incense-burning smoke are detected and quantified. Intermediate-volatility volatile organic compounds (IVOCs) are crucial organics accounting for 19.2 % of the total emission factors (EFs) and 40.0 % of the secondary organic aerosol (SOA) estimation, highlighting the importance of incorporating IVOCs into SOA models.
Qianqian Gao, Shengqiang Zhu, Kaili Zhou, Jinghao Zhai, Shaodong Chen, Qihuang Wang, Shurong Wang, Jin Han, Xiaohui Lu, Hong Chen, Liwu Zhang, Lin Wang, Zimeng Wang, Xin Yang, Qi Ying, Hongliang Zhang, Jianmin Chen, and Xiaofei Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13049–13060, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13049-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13049-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Dust is a major source of atmospheric aerosols. Its chemical composition is often assumed to be similar to the parent soil. However, this assumption has not been rigorously verified. Dust aerosols are mainly generated by wind erosion, which may have some chemical selectivity. Mn, Cd and Pb were found to be highly enriched in fine-dust (PM2.5) aerosols. In addition, estimation of heavy metal emissions from dust generation by air quality models may have errors without using proper dust profiles.
Daniel C. O. Thornton, Sarah D. Brooks, Elise K. Wilbourn, Jessica Mirrielees, Alyssa N. Alsante, Gerardo Gold-Bouchot, Andrew Whitesell, and Kiana McFadden
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12707–12729, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12707-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12707-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A major uncertainty in our understanding of clouds and climate is the sources and properties of the aerosol on which clouds grow. We found that aerosol containing organic matter from fast-growing marine phytoplankton was a source of ice-nucleating particles (INPs). INPs facilitate freezing of ice crystals at warmer temperatures than otherwise possible and therefore change cloud formation and properties. Our results show that ecosystem processes and the properties of sea spray aerosol are linked.
Adam Milsom, Shaojun Qi, Ashmi Mishra, Thomas Berkemeier, Zhenyu Zhang, and Christian Pfrang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10835–10843, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10835-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10835-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosols and films are found indoors and outdoors. Our study measures and models reactions of a cooking aerosol proxy with the atmospheric oxidant ozone relying on a low-cost but sensitive technique based on mass changes and film rigidity. We found that film morphology changed and film rigidity increased with evidence of surface crust formation during ozone exposure. Our modelling results demonstrate clear potential to take this robust method to the field for reaction monitoring.
Shan Zhang, Lin Du, Zhaomin Yang, Narcisse Tsona Tchinda, Jianlong Li, and Kun Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10809–10822, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10809-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10809-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we have investigated the distinct impacts of humidity on the ozonolysis of two structurally different monoterpenes (limonene and Δ3-carene). We found that the molecular structure of precursors can largely influence the SOA formation under high RH by impacting the multi-generation reactions. Our results could advance knowledge on the roles of water content in aerosol formation and inform ongoing research on particle environmental effects and applications in models.
Yangzhihao Zhan, Min Xie, Wei Zhao, Tijian Wang, Da Gao, Pulong Chen, Jun Tian, Kuanguang Zhu, Shu Li, Bingliang Zhuang, Mengmeng Li, Yi Luo, and Runqi Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9837–9852, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9837-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9837-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Although the main source contribution of pollution is secondary inorganic aerosols in Nanjing, health risks mainly come from industry sources and vehicle emissions. Therefore, the development of megacities should pay more attention to the health burden of vehicle emissions, coal combustion, and industrial processes. This study provides new insight into assessing the relationship between source apportionment and health risks and can provide valuable insight into air pollution strategies.
Jonathan P. D. Abbatt and A. R. Ravishankara
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9765–9785, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9765-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9765-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
With important climate and air quality impacts, atmospheric multiphase chemistry involves gas interactions with aerosol particles and cloud droplets. We summarize the status of the field and discuss potential directions for future growth. We highlight the importance of a molecular-level understanding of the chemistry, along with atmospheric field studies and modeling, and emphasize the necessity for atmospheric multiphase chemists to interact widely with scientists from neighboring disciplines.
Zhancong Liang, Zhihao Cheng, Ruifeng Zhang, Yiming Qin, and Chak K. Chan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9585–9595, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9585-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9585-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we found that the photolysis of sodium nitrate leads to a much quicker decay of free amino acids (FAAs, with glycine as an example) in the particle phase than ammonium nitrate photolysis, which is likely due to the molecular interactions between FAAs and different nitrate salts. Since sodium nitrate likely co-exists with FAAs in the coarse-mode particles, particulate nitrate photolysis can possibly contribute to a rapid decay of FAAs and affect atmospheric nitrogen cycling.
Julian Resch, Kate Wolfer, Alexandre Barth, and Markus Kalberer
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9161–9171, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9161-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9161-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Detailed chemical analysis of organic aerosols is necessary to better understand their effects on climate and health. Aerosol samples are often stored for days to months before analysis. We examined the effects of storage conditions (i.e., time, temperature, and aerosol storage on filters or as solvent extracts) on composition and found significant changes in the concentration of individual compounds, indicating that sample storage can strongly affect the detailed chemical particle composition.
Xiaoliang Wang, Hatef Firouzkouhi, Judith C. Chow, John G. Watson, Warren Carter, and Alexandra S. M. De Vos
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8921–8937, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8921-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8921-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Open burning of household and municipal solid waste is a common practice in developing countries and is a significant source of air pollution. However, few studies have measured emissions from open burning of waste. This study determined gas and particulate emissions from open burning of 10 types of household solid-waste materials. These results can improve emission inventories, air quality management, and assessment of the health and climate effects of open burning of household waste.
Anita M. Avery, Mariam Fawaz, Leah R. Williams, Tami Bond, and Timothy B. Onasch
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8837–8854, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8837-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8837-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Pyrolysis is the thermal decomposition of fuels like wood which occurs during combustion or as an isolated process. During combustion, some pyrolysis products are emitted directly, while others are oxidized in the combustion process. This work describes the chemical composition of particle-phase pyrolysis products in order to investigate both the uncombusted emissions from wildfires and the fuel that participates in combustion.
Cited articles
Alexander, D. T. L., Crozier, P. A., and Anderson, J. R.: Brown carbon
spheres in East Asian outflow and their optical properties, Science, 321,
833–836, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1155296, 2008.
Andrade-Eiroa, Á., Canle, M., and Cerdá, V.: Environmental
Applications of Excitation-Emission Spectrofluorimetry: An In-Depth Review
I, Appl. Spec. Rev., 48, 1–49, https://doi.org/10.1080/05704928.2012.692104,
2013.
Andreae, M. O. and Gelencsér, A.: Black carbon or brown carbon? The nature of light-absorbing carbonaceous aerosols, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 3131–3148, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-3131-2006, 2006.
Atwi, K., Mondal, A., Pant, J., Cheng, Z., El Hajj, O., Ijeli, I., Handa,
H., and Saleh, R.: Physicochemical properties and cytotoxicity of brown
carbon produced under different combustion conditions, Atmos. Environ., 244, 117881, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117881, 2021.
Bai, Z., Zhang, L., Cheng, Y., Zhang, W., Mao, J., Chen, H., Li, L., Wang,
L., and Chen, J.: Water/Methanol-Insoluble Brown Carbon Can Dominate
Aerosol-Enhanced Light Absorption in Port Cities, Environ. Sci. Technol., 54, 14889–14898, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c03844, 2020.
Bates, J. T., Fang, T., Verma, V., Zeng, L., Weber, R. J., Tolbert, P. E.,
Abrams, J. Y., Sarnat, S. E., Klein, M., Mulholland, J. A., and Russell, A.
G.: Review of Acellular Assays of Ambient Particulate Matter Oxidative
Potential: Methods and Relationships with Composition, Sources, and Health
Effects, Environ. Sci. Technol., 53, 4003–4019,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b03430, 2019.
Chalbot, M.-C. G., Brown, J., Chitranshi, P., Gamboa da Costa, G., Pollock, E. D., and Kavouras, I. G.: Functional characterization of the water-soluble organic carbon of size-fractionated aerosol in the southern Mississippi Valley, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 6075–6088, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-6075-2014, 2014a.
Chalbot, M.-C. G. and Kavouras, I. G.: Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
for determining the functional content of organic aerosols: a review,
Environ. Pollut., 191, 232–249, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2014.04.034, 2014b.
Chalbot, M.-C. G., Chitranshi, P., da Costa, G. G., Pollock, E., and Kavouras,
I. G.: Characterization of water-soluble organic matter in urban aerosol by
(1)H-NMR spectroscopy, Atmos. Environ., 128, 235–245,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.12.067, 2016.
Chen, Q., Miyazaki, Y., Kawamura, K., Matsumoto, K., Coburn, S., Volkamer,
R., Iwamoto, Y., Kagami, S., Deng, Y., Ogawa, S., Ramasamy, S., Kato, S.,
Ida, A., Kajii, Y., and Mochida, M.: Characterization of Chromophoric
Water-Soluble Organic Matter in Urban, Forest, and Marine Aerosols by
HR-ToF-AMS Analysis and Excitation-Emission Matrix Spectroscopy,
Environ. Sci. Technol., 50, 10351–10360,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b01643, 2016.
Chen, Q., Ikemori, F., Nakamura, Y., Vodicka, P., Kawamura, K., and Mochida,
M.: Structural and Light-Absorption Characteristics of Complex
Water-Insoluble Organic Mixtures in Urban Submicrometer Aerosols,
Environ. Sci. Technol., 51, 8293–8303,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b01630, 2017.
Chen, Q., Wang, M., Wang, Y., Zhang, L., Li, Y., and Han, Y.: Oxidative
Potential of Water-Soluble Matter Associated with Chromophoric Substances in
PM2.5 over Xi'an, China, Environ. Sci. Technol., 53,
8574–8584, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b01976, 2019.
Chen, Q., Li, J., Hua, X., Jiang, X., Mu, Z., Wang, M., Wang, J., Shan, M.,
Yang, X., Fan, X., Song, J., Wang, Y., Guan, D., and Du, L.: Identification
of species and sources of atmospheric chromophores by fluorescence
excitation-emission matrix with parallel factor analysis, Sci. Tot. Environ., 718, 137322, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137322, 2020.
Chen, W., Westerhoff, P., Leenheer, J. A., and Booksh, K.: Fluorescence
excitation – Emission matrix regional integration to quantify spectra for
dissolved organic matter, Environ. Sci. Technol., 37,
5701–5710, https://doi.org/10.1021/es034354c, 2003.
Chen, Y. and Bond, T. C.: Light absorption by organic carbon from wood combustion, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 1773–1787, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-1773-2010, 2010.
Cheng, Y., He, K. B., Du, Z. Y., Engling, G., Liu, J. M., Ma, Y. L., Zheng,
M., and Weber, R. J.: The characteristics of brown carbon aerosol during
winter in Beijing, Atmos. Environ., 127, 355–364,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.12.035, 2016.
Cui, X., Zhou, D., Fan, W., Huo, M., Crittenden, J. C., Yu, Z., Ju, P., and
Wang, Y.: The effectiveness of coagulation for water reclamation from a
wastewater treatment plant that has a long hydraulic and sludge retention
times: A case study, Chemosphere, 157, 224–231,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.05.009, 2016.
Decesari, S., Mircea, M., Cavalli, F., Fuzzi, S., Moretti, F., Tagliavini,
E., and Facchini, M. C.: Source attribution of water-soluble organic aerosol
by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Environ. Sci. Technol., 41, 2479–2484, https://doi.org/10.1021/es061711l, 2007.
Dong, Z., Jiang, N., Zhang, R., Xu, Q., Ying, Q., Li, Q., and Li, S.:
Molecular characteristics, source contributions, and exposure risks of
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the core city of Central Plains Economic
Region, China: Insights from the variation of haze levels, Sci. Tot. Environ., 757, 143885, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143885, 2021.
Dou, J., Lin, P., Kuang, B. Y., and Yu, J. Z.: Reactive Oxygen Species
Production Mediated by Humic-like Substances in Atmospheric Aerosols:
Enhancement Effects by Pyridine, Imidazole, and Their Derivatives,
Environ. Sci. Technol., 49, 6457–6465, https://doi.org/10.1021/es5059378,
2015.
Evangeliou, N., Kylling, A., Eckhardt, S., Myroniuk, V., Stebel, K., Paugam, R., Zibtsev, S., and Stohl, A.: Open fires in Greenland in summer 2017: transport, deposition and radiative effects of BC, OC and BrC emissions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 1393–1411, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1393-2019, 2019.
Fan, X. J., Song, J. Z., and Peng, P. A.: Comparison of isolation and
quantification methods to measure humic-like substances (HULIS) in
atmospheric particles, Atmos. Environ., 60, 366–374,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.06.063, 2012.
Fan, X., Wei, S., Zhu, M., Song, J., and Peng, P.: Comprehensive characterization of humic-like substances in smoke PM2.5 emitted from the combustion of biomass materials and fossil fuels, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 13321–13340, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-13321-2016, 2016.
Fan, X., Li, M., Cao, T., Cheng, C., Li, F., Xie, Y., Wei, S., Song, J., and
Peng, P. a.: Optical properties and oxidative potential of water-and
alkaline-soluble brown carbon in smoke particles emitted from laboratory
simulated biomass burning, Atmos. Environ., 194, 48–57,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.09.025, 2018.
Fan, X., Yu, X., Wang, Y., Xiao, X., Li, F., Xie, Y., Wei, S., Song, J., and
Peng, P. A.: The aging behaviors of chromophoric biomass burning brown
carbon during dark aqueous hydroxyl radical oxidation processes in
laboratory studies, Atmos. Environ., 205, 9–18,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.02.039, 2019.
Fan, X., Cao, T., Yu, X., Wang, Y., Xiao, X., Li, F., Xie, Y., Ji, W., Song, J., and Peng, P.: The evolutionary behavior of chromophoric brown carbon during ozone aging of fine particles from biomass burning, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 4593–4605, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4593-2020, 2020.
Gao, D., Mulholland, J. A., Russell, A. G., and Weber, R. J.:
Characterization of water-insoluble oxidative potential of PM2.5 using the
dithiothreitol assay, Atmos. Environ., 224, 117327,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117327, 2020.
Geng, C., Chen, J., Yang, X., Ren, L., Yin, B., Liu, X., and Bai, Z.:
Emission factors of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from domestic coal
combustion in China, J. Environ. Sci., 26, 160–166,
https://doi.org/10.1016/s1001-0742(13)60393-9, 2014.
Hakimzadeh, M., Soleimanian, E., Mousavi, A., Borgini, A., De Marco, C.,
Ruprecht, A. A., and Sioutas, C.: The impact of biomass burning on the
oxidative potential of PM2.5 in the metropolitan area of Milan, Atmos. Environ., 224, 117328, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117328, 2020.
He, W. and Hur, J.: Conservative behavior of fluorescence EEM-PARAFAC
components in resin fractionation processes and its applicability for
characterizing dissolved organic matter, Water Res., 83, 217–226,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2015.06.044, 2015.
Hoffer, A., Gelencsér, A., Guyon, P., Kiss, G., Schmid, O., Frank, G. P., Artaxo, P., and Andreae, M. O.: Optical properties of humic-like substances (HULIS) in biomass-burning aerosols, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 3563–3570, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-3563-2006, 2006.
Hou, C., Shao, L., Hu, W., Zhang, D., Zhao, C., Xing, J., Huang, X., and Hu,
M.: Characteristics and aging of traffic-derived particles in a highway
tunnel at a coastal city in southern China, Sci. Tot. Environ., 619, 1385–1393, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.165, 2018.
Huang, R. J., Yang, L., Shen, J., Yuan, W., Gong, Y., Guo, J., Cao, W.,
Duan, J., Ni, H., Zhu, C., Dai, W., Li, Y., Chen, Y., Chen, Q., Wu, Y.,
Zhang, R., Dusek, U., O'Dowd, C., and Hoffmann, T.: Water-Insoluble Organics
Dominate Brown Carbon in Wintertime Urban Aerosol of China: Chemical
Characteristics and Optical Properties, Environ. Sci. Technol., 54, 7836–7847, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c01149, 2020.
Huo, Y. Q., Li, M., Jiang, M. H., and Qi, W. M.: Light absorption properties
of HULIS in primary particulate matter produced by crop straw combustion
under different moisture contents and stacking modes, Atmos.
Environ., 191, 490–499, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.08.038, 2018.
Izhar, S., Gupta, T., and Panday, A. K.: Improved method to apportion
optical absorption by black and brown carbon under the influence of haze and
fog at Lumbini, Nepal, on the Indo-Gangetic Plains, Environ. Pollut.,
263, 114640, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114640, 2020.
Jiang, H., Jang, M., Sabo-Attwood, T., and Robinson, S. E.: Oxidative
potential of secondary organic aerosols produced from photooxidation of
different hydrocarbons using outdoor chamber under ambient sunlight,
Atmos. Environ., 131, 382–389, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.02.016, 2016.
Kim, H., Kim, J. Y., Jin, H. C., Lee, J. Y., and Lee, S. P.: Seasonal
variations in the light-absorbing properties of water-soluble and insoluble
organic aerosols in Seoul, Korea, Atmos. Environ., 129, 234–242,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.01.042, 2016.
Kramer, A. J., Rattanavaraha, W., Zhang, Z., Gold, A., Surratt, J. D., and
Lin, Y.-H.: Assessing the oxidative potential of isoprene-derived epoxides
and secondary organic aerosol, Atmos. Environ., 130, 211–218,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.10.018, 2016.
Kumar, N. K., Corbin, J. C., Bruns, E. A., Massabó, D., Slowik, J. G., Drinovec, L., Močnik, G., Prati, P., Vlachou, A., Baltensperger, U., Gysel, M., El-Haddad, I., and Prévôt, A. S. H.: Production of particulate brown carbon during atmospheric aging of residential wood-burning emissions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 17843–17861, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-17843-2018, 2018.
Kumar, V., Rajput, P., and Goel, A.: Atmospheric abundance of HULIS during
wintertime in Indo-Gangetic Plain: impact of biomass burning emissions,
J. Atmos. Chem., 75, 385–398, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10874-018-9381-4,
2018.
Laskin, A., Laskin, J., and Nizkorodov, S. A.: Chemistry of atmospheric
brown carbon, Chem. Rev., 115, 4335–4382, https://doi.org/10.1021/cr5006167, 2015.
Lawaetz, A. J., and Stedmon, C. A.: Fluorescence Intensity Calibration Using
the Raman Scatter Peak of Water, Appl. Spec., 63, 936–940,
https://doi.org/10.1366/000370209788964548, 2009.
Li, M., Fan, X., Zhu, M., Zou, C., Song, J., Wei, S., Jia, W., and Peng, P.:
Abundances and light absorption properties of brown carbon emitted from
residential coal combustion in China, Environ. Sci. Technol., 53, 595–603,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b05630, 2019.
Li, R., Han, Y., Wang, L., Shang, Y., and Chen, Y.: Differences in oxidative
potential of black carbon from three combustion emission sources in China,
J. Environ. Manage., 240, 57–65,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.070, 2019.
Li, X., Han, J., Hopke, P. K., Hu, J., Shu, Q., Chang, Q., and Ying, Q.: Quantifying primary and secondary humic-like substances in urban aerosol based on emission source characterization and a source-oriented air quality model, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 2327–2341, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-2327-2019, 2019.
Li, J., Chen, Q., Hua, X., Chang, T., and Wang, Y.: Occurrence and sources
of chromophoric organic carbon in fine particulate matter over Xi'an, China,
Sci. Total Environ., 725, 138290,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138290, 2020a.
Li, J., Zhang, Q., Wang, G., Li, J., Wu, C., Liu, L., Wang, J., Jiang, W., Li, L., Ho, K. F., and Cao, J.: Optical properties and molecular compositions of water-soluble and water-insoluble brown carbon (BrC) aerosols in northwest China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 4889–4904, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4889-2020, 2020b.
Lin, M. and Yu, J. Z.: Dithiothreitol (DTT) concentration effect and its
implications on the applicability of DTT assay to evaluate the oxidative
potential of atmospheric aerosol samples, Environ. Pollut., 251,
938–944, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2019.05.074, 2019.
Lin, P. and Yu, J. Z.: Generation of reactive oxygen species mediated by
humic-like substances in atmospheric aerosols, Environ. Sci. Technol., 45, 10362–10368, https://doi.org/10.1021/es2028229, 2011.
Lin, P., Laskin, J., Nizkorodov, S. A., and Laskin, A.: Revealing Brown
Carbon Chromophores Produced in Reactions of Methylglyoxal with Ammonium
Sulfate, Environ. Sci. Technol., 49, 14257–14266,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b03608, 2015.
Lin, P., Aiona, P. K., Li, Y., Shiraiwa, M., Laskin, J., Nizkorodov, S. A.,
and Laskin, A.: Molecular Characterization of Brown Carbon in Biomass
Burning Aerosol Particles, Environ. Sci. Technol., 50,
11815–11824, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b03024, 2016.
Ma, Y., Cheng, Y., Qiu, X., Cao, G., Fang, Y., Wang, J., Zhu, T., Yu, J., and Hu, D.: Sources and oxidative potential of water-soluble humic-like substances (HULISWS) in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in Beijing, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 5607–5617, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5607-2018, 2018.
Matos, J. T. V., Freire, S. M. S. C., Duarte, R. M. B. O., and Duarte, A.
C.: Natural organic matter in urban aerosols: Comparison between water and
alkaline soluble components using excitation-emission matrix fluorescence
spectroscopy and multiway data analysis, Atmos. Environ., 102, 1–10,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.11.042, 2015.
Mostofa, K. M. G., Wu, F. C., Liu, C. Q., Vione, D., Yoshioka, T., Sakugawa,
H., and Tanoue, E.: Photochemical, microbial and metal complexation behavior
of fluorescent dissolved organic matter in the aquatic environments,
Geochem. J., 45, 235–254, 2011.
Moufarrej, L., Courcot, D., and Ledoux, F.: Assessment of the PM2.5
oxidative potential in a coastal industrial city in Northern France:
Relationships with chemical composition, local emissions and long range
sources, Sci. Total Environ., 748, 141448,
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141448, 2020.
Mukherjee, A., Dey, S., Rana, A., Jia, S., Banerjee, S., and Sarkar, S.:
Sources and atmospheric processing of brown carbon and HULIS in the
Indo-Gangetic Plain: Insights from compositional analysis, Environ. Pollut., 267, 115440, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115440, 2020.
Murphy, K. R., Butler, K. D., Spencer, R. G. M., Stedmon, C. A., Boehme, J.
R., and Aiken, G. R.: Measurement of Dissolved Organic Matter Fluorescence
in Aquatic Environments: An Interlaboratory Comparison, Environ. Sci. Technol., 44, 9405–9412, https://doi.org/10.1021/es102362t, 2010.
Murphy, K. R., Hambly, A., Singh, S., Henderson, R. K., Baker, A., Stuetz,
R., and Khan, S. J.: Organic matter fluorescence in municipal water
recycling schemes: toward a unified PARAFAC model, Environ. Sci. Technol., 45, 2909–2916, https://doi.org/10.1021/es103015e, 2011.
Murphy, K. R., Stedmon, C. A., Graeber, D., and Bro, R.: Fluorescence
spectroscopy and multi-way techniques. PARAFAC, Anal. Meth., 5, 6557,
https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ay41160e, 2013.
Nozière, B., González, N. J. D., Borg-Karlson, A.-K., Pei, Y.,
Redeby, J. P., Krejci, R., Dommen, J., Prevot, A. S. H., and Anthonsen, T.:
Atmospheric chemistry in stereo: A new look at secondary organic aerosols
from isoprene, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L11807,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2011gl047323, 2011.
Paglione, M., Saarikoski, S., Carbone, S., Hillamo, R., Facchini, M. C., Finessi, E., Giulianelli, L., Carbone, C., Fuzzi, S., Moretti, F., Tagliavini, E., Swietlicki, E., Eriksson Stenström, K., Prévôt, A. S. H., Massoli, P., Canaragatna, M., Worsnop, D., and Decesari, S.: Primary and secondary biomass burning aerosols determined by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy during the 2008 EUCAARI campaign in the Po Valley (Italy), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 5089–5110, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-5089-2014, 2014.
Park, S.-S. and Yu, J.: Chemical and light absorption properties of
humic-like substances from biomass burning emissions under controlled
combustion experiments, Atmos. Environ., 136, 114–122,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.04.022, 2016.
Park, S.-S., Sim, S. Y., Bae, M.-S., and Schauer, J. J.: Size distribution
of water-soluble components in particulate matter emitted from biomass
burning, Atmos. Environ., 73, 62–72, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.03.025,
2013.
Pietrogrande, M. C., Bertoli, I., Clauser, G., Dalpiaz, C., Dell'Anna, R.,
Lazzeri, P., Lenzi, W., and Russo, M.: Chemical composition and oxidative
potential of atmospheric particles heavily impacted by residential wood
burning in the alpine region of northern Italy, Atmos. Environ.,
253, 118360, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118360, 2021.
Qin, J., Zhang, L., Zhou, X., Duan, J., Mu, S., Xiao, K., Hu, J., and Tan,
J.: Fluorescence fingerprinting properties for exploring water-soluble
organic compounds in PM2.5 in an industrial city of northwest China,
Atmos. Environ., 184, 203–211, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.04.049, 2018.
Sannigrahi, P., Sullivan, A. P., Weber, R. J., and Ingall, E. D.:
Characterization of water-soluble organic carbon in urban atmospheric
aerosols using solid-state C-13 NMR spectroscopy, Environ. Sci. Technol., 40, 666–672, https://doi.org/10.1021/es051150i, 2006.
Santos, P. S., Otero, M., Duarte, R. M., and Duarte, A. C.: Spectroscopic
characterization of dissolved organic matter isolated from rainwater,
Chemosphere, 74, 1053–1061, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.10.061, 2009.
Santos, P. S., Santos, E. B., and Duarte, A. C.: First spectroscopic study
on the structural features of dissolved organic matter isolated from
rainwater in different seasons, Sci. Total Environ., 426,
172–179, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.03.023, 2012.
Seo, I., Lee, K., Bae, M. S., Park, M., Maskey, S., Seo, A., Borlaza, L. J.
S., Cosep, E. M. R., and Park, K.: Comparison of physical and chemical
characteristics and oxidative potential of fine particles emitted from rice
straw and pine stem burning, Environ. Pollut., 267, 115599,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115599, 2020.
Shen, G., Chen, Y., Wei, S., Fu, X., Zhu, Y., and Tao, S.: Mass absorption
efficiency of elemental carbon for source samples from residential biomass
and coal combustions, Atmos. Environ., 79, 79–84,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.05.082, 2013.
Singh, G. K., Choudhary, V., Rajeev, P., Paul, D., and Gupta, T.:
Understanding the origin of carbonaceous aerosols during periods of
extensive biomass burning in northern India, Environ. Pollut., 270,
116082, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116082, 2021.
Sun, J., Zhi, G., Hitzenberger, R., Chen, Y., Tian, C., Zhang, Y., Feng, Y., Cheng, M., Zhang, Y., Cai, J., Chen, F., Qiu, Y., Jiang, Z., Li, J., Zhang, G., and Mo, Y.: Emission factors and light absorption properties of brown carbon from household coal combustion in China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 4769–4780, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-4769-2017, 2017.
van der Werf, G. R., Randerson, J. T., Giglio, L., Collatz, G. J., Mu, M., Kasibhatla, P. S., Morton, D. C., DeFries, R. S., Jin, Y., and van Leeuwen, T. T.: Global fire emissions and the contribution of deforestation, savanna, forest, agricultural, and peat fires (1997–2009), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 11707–11735, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-11707-2010, 2010.
Verma, V., Rico-Martinez, R., Kotra, N., King, L., Liu, J., Snell, T. W.,
and Weber, R. J.: Contribution of water-soluble and insoluble components and
their hydrophobic/hydrophilic subfractions to the reactive oxygen
species-generating potential of fine ambient aerosols, Environ. Sci. Technol., 46, 11384–11392, https://doi.org/10.1021/es302484r, 2012.
Verma, V., Fang, T., Guo, H., King, L., Bates, J. T., Peltier, R. E., Edgerton, E., Russell, A. G., and Weber, R. J.: Reactive oxygen species associated with water-soluble PM2.5 in the southeastern United States: spatiotemporal trends and source apportionment, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 12915–12930, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12915-2014, 2014.
Verma, V., Wang, Y., El-Afifi, R., Fang, T., Rowland, J., Russell, A. G.,
and Weber, R. J.: Fractionating ambient humic-like substances (HULIS) for
their reactive oxygen species activity – Assessing the importance of
quinones and atmospheric aging, Atmos. Environ., 120, 351–359,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.09.010, 2015.
Win, M. S., Tian, Z., Zhao, H., Xiao, K., Peng, J., Shang, Y., Wu, M., Xiu,
G., Lu, S., Yonemochi, S., and Wang, Q.: Atmospheric HULIS and its ability
to mediate the reactive oxygen species (ROS): A review, J. Environ. Sci., 71, 13–31, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2017.12.004, 2018.
Wong, J. P. S., Tsagkaraki, M., Tsiodra, I., Mihalopoulos, N., Violaki, K.,
Kanakidou, M., Sciare, J., Nenes, A., and Weber, R. J.: Effects of
Atmospheric Processing on the Oxidative Potential of Biomass Burning Organic
Aerosols, Environ. Sci. Technol., 53, 6747–6756,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b01034, 2019.
Wu, D., Wang, Z., Chen, J., Kong, S., Fu, X., Deng, H., Shao, G., and Wu,
G.: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in atmospheric PM2.5 and PM10 at
a coal-based industrial city: Implication for PAH control at industrial
agglomeration regions, China, Atmos. Res., 149, 217–229,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2014.06.012, 2014.
Wu, G., Wan, X., Ram, K., Li, P., Liu, B., Yin, Y., Fu, P., Loewen, M., Gao,
S., Kang, S., Kawamura, K., Wang, Y., and Cong, Z.: Light absorption,
fluorescence properties and sources of brown carbon aerosols in the
Southeast Tibetan Plateau, Environ. Pollut., 257, 113616,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113616, 2020.
Wu, X., Liu, W., Gao, H., Alfaro, D., Sun, S., Lei, R., Jia, T., and Zheng,
M.: Coordinated effects of air pollution control devices on PAH emissions in
coal-fired power plants and industrial boilers, Sci. Total Environ., 756, 144063, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144063, 2021.
Yan, C., Zheng, M., Sullivan, A. P., Bosch, C., Desyaterik, Y., Andersson,
A., Li, X., Guo, X., Zhou, T., Gustafsson, Ö., and Collett, J. L.:
Chemical characteristics and light-absorbing property of water-soluble
organic carbon in Beijing: Biomass burning contributions, Atmos. Environ., 121, 4–12, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.05.005, 2015.
Yu, S., Liu, W., Xu, Y., Yi, K., Zhou, M., Tao, S., and Liu, W.:
Characteristics and oxidative potential of atmospheric PM2.5 in Beijing:
Source apportionment and seasonal variation, Sci. Total Environ., 650, 277–287, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.021, 2019.
Zhang, X., Lin, Y. H., Surratt, J. D., and Weber, R. J.: Sources,
composition and absorption Angstrom exponent of light-absorbing organic
components in aerosol extracts from the Los Angeles Basin, Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, 3685–3693, https://doi.org/10.1021/es305047b, 2013.
Zhu, J., Chen, Y., Shang, J., and Zhu, T.: Effects of air/fuel ratio and
ozone aging on physicochemical properties and oxidative potential of soot
particles, Chemosphere, 220, 883–891, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.107,
2019.
Zou, C., Li, M., Cao, T., Zhu, M., Fan, X., Peng, S., Song, J., Jiang, B.,
Jia, W., Yu, C., Song, H., Yu, Z., Li, J., Zhang, G., and Peng, P. A.:
Comparison of solid phase extraction methods for the measurement of
humic-like substances (HULIS) in atmospheric particles, Atmos. Environ., 225, 117370, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117370, 2020.
Short summary
Brown carbon (BrC) fractions derived from biomass burning and coal combustion including water- and methanol-soluble organic carbon were comprehensively characterized for their optical and chemical properties, as well as oxidative potential. Moreover, the key components or functional groups that were responsible for the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation capacity of BrC were also discussed. These findings are useful for estimation of their environmental, climate, and health impacts.
Brown carbon (BrC) fractions derived from biomass burning and coal combustion including water-...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint