Articles | Volume 24, issue 24
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-14123-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-14123-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
19 Dec 2024
Research article |
| 19 Dec 2024
| 19 Dec 2024
Quantifying the impacts of marine aerosols over the southeast Atlantic Ocean using a chemical transport model: implications for aerosol–cloud interactions
Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
Rebecca M. Garland
Department of Geography, Geoinformatics and Meteorology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
Related authors
No articles found.
Erin J. Emme and Hannah M. Horowitz
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 4531–4545, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4531-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4531-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
There is uncertainty in the sources of Arctic cold-season (November–April) sea salt aerosols. Using a chemical transport model and satellite observations, we quantify Arctic-wide sea salt aerosol emissions from fractures in sea ice, called open sea ice leads, and their atmospheric chemistry impacts for the cold season. We show that sea ice leads contribute to Arctic sea salt aerosols and bromine, especially in under-observed regions.
Hannah Marie Horowitz
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3139, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3139, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Removing the greenhouse gas methane from the atmosphere is being considered as an interim climate change solution. This includes increasing its chemical removal via oxidation. I simulate proposed methods in a computer model of the atmosphere. Results show that some approaches are unable to decrease methane on a global scale, while all increase particulate matter air pollution. There are climate and health tradeoffs of atmospheric oxidation enhancement of methane.
Rebecca M. Garland, Katye E. Altieri, Laura Dawidowski, Laura Gallardo, Aderiana Mbandi, Nestor Y. Rojas, and N'datchoh E. Touré
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5757–5764, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5757-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5757-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This opinion piece focuses on two geographical areas in the Global South where the authors are based that are underrepresented in atmospheric science. This opinion provides context on common challenges and constraints, with suggestions on how the community can address these. The focus is on the strengths of atmospheric science research in these regions. It is these strengths, we believe, that highlight the critical role of Global South researchers in the future of atmospheric science research.
Cited articles
Adebiyi, A. A. and Zuidema, P.: The role of the southern African easterly jet in modifying the southeast Atlantic aerosol and cloud environments, Q. J. Roy., 142, 1574–1589, https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2765, 2016.
Adebiyi, A. A., Zuidema, P., and Abel, S. J.: The convolution of dynamics and moisture with the presence of shortwave absorbing aerosols over the southeast Atlantic, J. Climate, 28, 1997–2024, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00352.1, 2015.
Adebiyi, A. A., Akinsanola, A. A., and Ajoku, O. F.: The Misrepresentation of the Southern African Easterly Jet in Models and Its Implications for Aerosol, Clouds, and Precipitation Distributions, J. Climate, 36, 7785–7809, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-23-0083.1, 2023.
Alexander, B., Park, R. J., Jacob, D. J., and Gong, S.: Transition metal-catalyzed oxidation of atmospheric sulfur: Global implications for the sulfur budget. J. Geophys. Res., 114, D02309, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JD010486, 2009.
Andreae, M. O.: Ocean-atmosphere interactions in the global biogeochemical sulfur cycle, Mar. Chem., 30, 1–29, https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(90)90059-L, 1990.
Andreae, M. O., Elbert, W., and De Mora, S. J.: Biogenic sulfur emissions and aerosols over the tropical South Atlantic. 3. Atmospheric dimethylsulfide, aerosols and cloud condensation nuclei, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 11335–11356, https://doi.org/10.1029/94jd02828, 1995.
Arnold, S. R., Spracklen, D. V., Williams, J., Yassaa, N., Sciare, J., Bonsang, B., Gros, V., Peeken, I., Lewis, A. C., Alvain, S., and Moulin, C.: Evaluation of the global oceanic isoprene source and its impacts on marine organic carbon aerosol, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 1253–1262, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-1253-2009, 2009.
Arowosegbe, O. O., Röösli, M., Adebayo-Ojo, T. C., Dalvie, M. A., and de Hoogh, K.: Spatial and Temporal Variations in PM10 Concentrations between 2010–2017 in South Africa, Int. J. Env. Res. Pub. He., 18, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119883, 2021.
Asher, E.C., Merzouk, A., and Tortell, P. D.: Fine-scale spatial and temporal variability of surface water dimethylsufide (DMS) concentrations and sea–air fluxes in the NE Subarctic Pacific, Mar. Chem., 126, 63–75, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2011.03.009, 2011.
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) user facility: ACSM, corrected for composition-dependent collection efficiency (ACSMCDCE), ARM Data Center [data set], https://doi.org/10.5439/1763029, 2016.
Barnes, I., Hjorth, J., and Mihalapoulos, N.: Dimethyl sulfide and dimethyl sulfoxide and their oxidation in the atmosphere, Chem. Rev., 106, 940–975, https://doi.org/10.1021/cr020529, 2006.
Barrett, P. A., Abel, S. J., Coe, H., Crawford, I., Dobracki, A., Haywood, J., Howell, S., Jones, A., Langridge, J., McFarquhar, G. M., Nott, G. J., Price, H., Redemann, J., Shinozuka, Y., Szpek, K., Taylor, J. W., Wood, R., Wu, H., Zuidema, P., Bauguitte, S., Bennett, R., Bower, K., Chen, H., Cochrane, S., Cotterell, M., Davies, N., Delene, D., Flynn, C., Freedman, A., Freitag, S., Gupta, S., Noone, D., Onasch, T. B., Podolske, J., Poellot, M. R., Schmidt, S., Springston, S., Sedlacek III, A. J., Trembath, J., Vance, A., Zawadowicz, M. A., and Zhang, J.: Intercomparison of airborne and surface-based measurements during the CLARIFY, ORACLES and LASIC field experiments, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 6329–6371, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-6329-2022, 2022.
Bates, T. S., Lamb, B. K., Guenther, A., Dignon, J., and Stoiber, R. E.: Sulfur emissions to the atmosphere from natural sources, J. Atmos. Chem., 14, 1–4, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00115242, 1992.
Brooks, S. D. and Thornton, D. C. O.: Marine aerosols and clouds, Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci., 10, 289–313, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-121916-063148, 2018.
Burkholder, J. B., Sander, S. P., Abbatt, J., Barker, J. R., Huie, R. E., Kolb, C. E., Kurylo, M. J., Orkin, V. L., Wilmouth, D. M., and Wine, P. H.: Chemical Kinetics and Photochemical Data for Use in Atmospheric Studies, Evaluation No. 18, JPL Publication 15-10, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, http://jpldataeval.jpl.nasa.gov (last access: 10 May 2024), 2015.
Burrows, S. M., Easter, R. C., Liu, X., Ma, P.-L., Wang, H., Elliott, S. M., Singh, B., Zhang, K., and Rasch, P. J.: OCEANFILMS (Organic Compounds from Ecosystems to Aerosols: Natural Films and Interfaces via Langmuir Molecular Surfactants) sea spray organic aerosol emissions – implementation in a global climate model and impacts on clouds, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5223–5251, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5223-2022, 2022.
Carslaw, K. S., Lee, L. A., Reddington, C. L., Pringle, K. J., Rap, A., Forster, P. M., Mann, G. W., Spracklen, D. V., Woodhouse, M. T., Regayre, L. A., and Pierce, J. R.: Large contribution of natural aerosols to uncertainty in indirect forcing, Nature, 503, 67–71, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12674, 2013.
Chen, H., Ezell, M. J., Arquero, K. D., Varner, M. E., Dawson, M. L., Gerber, R. B., and Finlayson-Pitts, B. J.: New particle formation and growth from methanesulfonic acid, trimethylamine and water, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 17, 13699–13709, https://doi.org/10.1039/c5cp00838g , 2015.
Chen, Q., Sherwen, T., Evans, M., and Alexander, B.: DMS oxidation and sulfur aerosol formation in the marine troposphere: a focus on reactive halogen and multiphase chemistry, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 13617–13637, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-13617-2018, 2018.
Chen, Y. C., Christensen, M. W., Stephens, G. L., and Seinfeld, J. H.: Satellite-based estimate of global aerosol-cloud radiative forcing by marine warm clouds, Nat. Geosci., 7, 643–646, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2214, 2014.
CEDA: FAAM C056 CLARIFY flight: Airborne atmospheric measurements from core instrument suite on board the BAE-146 aircraft, CEDA [data set], http://data.ceda.ac.uk/badc/faam/data/2017/c056-sep-09 (last access: 22 June 2024), 2021.
Chin, M., Jacob, D. J., Gardner, G. M., Foreman-Fowler, M. S., Spiro, P. A., and Savoie, D. L.: A global three-dimensional model of tropospheric sulfate, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 18667–18690, https://doi.org/10.1029/96jd01221, 1996.
Dang, C., Segal-Rozenhaimer, M., Che, H., Zhang, L., Formenti, P., Taylor, J., Dobracki, A., Purdue, S., Wong, P.-S., Nenes, A., Sedlacek III, A., Coe, H., Redemann, J., Zuidema, P., Howell, S., and Haywood, J.: Biomass burning and marine aerosol processing over the southeast Atlantic Ocean: a TEM single-particle analysis, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 9389–9412, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9389-2022, 2022.
Darmenov, A, and da Silva, A. M.: The Quick Fire Emissions Dataset (QFED) – Documentation of versions 2.1, 2.2 and 2.4, NASA Tech. Rep. Ser. Glob. Model. Data Assim. NASA TM-2013-104606, 32, 183 pp., https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/20180005253 (last access: 21 May 2024), 2013.
Das, S., Harshvardhan, H., Bian, H., Chin, M., Curci, G., Protonotariou, A. P., Mielonen, T., Zhang, K., Wang, H., and Liu, X.: Biomass burning aerosol transport and vertical distribution over the South African-Atlantic region, J. Geophys. Res., 122, 6391–6415, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD026421, 2017.
Diamond, M. S., Dobracki, A., Freitag, S., Small Griswold, J. D., Heikkila, A., Howell, S. G., Kacarab, M. E., Podolske, J. R., Saide, P. E., and Wood, R.: Time-dependent entrainment of smoke presents an observational challenge for assessing aerosol–cloud interactions over the southeast Atlantic Ocean, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 14623–14636, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-14623-2018, 2018.
Doherty, S. J., Saide, P. E., Zuidema, P., Shinozuka, Y., Ferrada, G. A., Gordon, H., Mallet, M., Meyer, K., Painemal, D., Howell, S. G., Freitag, S., Dobracki, A., Podolske, J. R., Burton, S. P., Ferrare, R. A., Howes, C., Nabat, P., Carmichael, G. R., da Silva, A., Pistone, K., Chang, I., Gao, L., Wood, R., and Redemann, J.: Modeled and observed properties related to the direct aerosol radiative effect of biomass burning aerosol over the southeastern Atlantic, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 1–46, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1-2022, 2022.
Fairlie, T. D., Jacob, D. J., and Park, R. J.: The impact of transpacific transport of mineral dust in the United States, Atmos. Environ., 41, 1251–1266, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.09.048, 2007.
Faloona, I.: Sulfur processing in the marine atmospheric boundary layer: A review and critical assessment of modeling uncertainties, Atmos. Environ., 43, 2841–2854, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.02.043, 2009.
Formenti, P., Piketh, S. J., and Annegarn, H. J.: Detection of non-sea salt sulphate aerosol at a remote coastal site in South Africa: a PIXE study, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. B, 150, 332–338, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-583X(98)01041-6, 1999.
Formenti, P., D'Anna, B., Flamant, C., Mallet, M., Piketh, S. J., Schepanski, K., Waquet, F., Auriol, F., Brogniez, G., Burnet, F., Chaboureau, J., Chauvigné, A., Chazette, P., Denjean, C., Desboeufs, K., Doussin, J., Elguindi, N., Feuerstein, S., Gaetani, M., Giorio, C., Klopper, D., Mallet, M. D., Nabat, P., Monod, A., Solmon, F., Namwoonde, A., Chikwililwa, C., Mushi, R., Welton, E. J., and Holben, B.: The aerosols, radiation and clouds in southern Africa field campaign in Namibia overview, illustrative observations, and way forward, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 100, 1277–1298, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0278.1, 2019.
Fountoukis, C. and Nenes, A.: ISORROPIA II: a computationally efficient thermodynamic equilibrium model for K+–Ca2+–Mg2+–NH
Fung, K. M., Heald, C. L., Kroll, J. H., Wang, S., Jo, D. S., Gettelman, A., Lu, Z., Liu, X., Zaveri, R. A., Apel, E. C., Blake, D. R., Jimenez, J.-L., Campuzano-Jost, P., Veres, P. R., Bates, T. S., Shilling, J. E., and Zawadowicz, M.: Exploring dimethyl sulfide (DMS) oxidation and implications for global aerosol radiative forcing, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 1549–1573, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1549-2022, 2022.
Galí, M., Levasseur, M., Devred, E., Simó, R., and Babin, M.: Sea-surface dimethylsulfide (DMS) concentration from satellite data at global and regional scales, Biogeosciences, 15, 3497–3519, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3497-2018, 2018.
Gantt, B. and Meskhidze, N.: The physical and chemical characteristics of marine primary organic aerosol: a review, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 3979–3996, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-3979-2013, 2013.
Gantt, B., Johnson, M. S., Crippa, M., Prévôt, A. S. H., and Meskhidze, N.: Implementing marine organic aerosols into the GEOS-Chem model, Geosci. Model Dev., 8, 619–629, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-619-2015, 2015.
Gelaro, R., McCarty, W., Suarez, M. J., Todling, R., Molod, A., Takacs, L., Randles, C., Darmenov, A., Bosilovich, M. G., Reichle, R., Wargan, K., Coy, L., Cullather, R., Draper, C., Akella, S., Buchard, V., Conaty, A., da Silva, A., Gu, W., Kim, G. K., Koster, R., Lucchesi, R., Merkova, D., Nielsen, J. E., Partyka, G., Pawson, S., Putman, W., Rienecker, M., Schubert, S. D., Sienkiewicz, M., and Zhao, B.: The modern-era retrospective analysis for research and applications, version 2 (MERRA-2), J. Climate, 30, 5419–5454, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0758.1, 2017.
Giles, D. M., Sinyuk, A., Sorokin, M. G., Schafer, J. S., Smirnov, A., Slutsker, I., Eck, T. F., Holben, B. N., Lewis, J. R., Campbell, J. R., Welton, E. J., Korkin, S. V., and Lyapustin, A. I.: Advancements in the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) Version 3 database – automated near-real-time quality control algorithm with improved cloud screening for Sun photometer aerosol optical depth (AOD) measurements, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 169–209, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-169-2019, 2019.
Gong, S. L.: A Parameterization of Sea-salt Aerosol Source Function for Sub- and Super-micron Particles, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 17, 1097, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GB002079, 2003.
Haywood, J. M., Abel, S. J., Barrett, P. A., Bellouin, N., Blyth, A., Bower, K. N., Brooks, M., Carslaw, K., Che, H., Coe, H., Cotterell, M. I., Crawford, I., Cui, Z., Davies, N., Dingley, B., Field, P., Formenti, P., Gordon, H., de Graaf, M., Herbert, R., Johnson, B., Jones, A. C., Langridge, J. M., Malavelle, F., Partridge, D. G., Peers, F., Redemann, J., Stier, P., Szpek, K., Taylor, J. W., Watson-Parris, D., Wood, R., Wu, H., and Zuidema, P.: The CLoud–Aerosol–Radiation Interaction and Forcing: Year 2017 (CLARIFY-2017) measurement campaign, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 1049–1084, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1049-2021, 2021.
Hodzic, A., Campuzano-Jost, P., Bian, H., Chin, M., Colarco, P. R., Day, D. A., Froyd, K. D., Heinold, B., Jo, D. S., Katich, J. M., Kodros, J. K., Nault, B. A., Pierce, J. R., Ray, E., Schacht, J., Schill, G. P., Schroder, J. C., Schwarz, J. P., Sueper, D. T., Tegen, I., Tilmes, S., Tsigaridis, K., Yu, P., and Jimenez, J. L.: Characterization of organic aerosol across the global remote troposphere: a comparison of ATom measurements and global chemistry models, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 4607–4635, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4607-2020, 2020.
Hoesly, R. M., Smith, S. J., Feng, L., Klimont, Z., Janssens-Maenhout, G., Pitkanen, T., Seibert, J. J., Vu, L., Andres, R. J., Bolt, R. M., Bond, T. C., Dawidowski, L., Kholod, N., Kurokawa, J.-I., Li, M., Liu, L., Lu, Z., Moura, M. C. P., O'Rourke, P. R., and Zhang, Q.: Historical (1750–2014) anthropogenic emissions of reactive gases and aerosols from the Community Emissions Data System (CEDS), Geosci. Model Dev., 11, 369–408, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-369-2018, 2018.
Hoffmann, E. H., Tilgner, A., Schrödner, R., Bräuer, P., Wolke, R., and Herrmann, H.: An advanced modeling study on the impacts and atmospheric implications of multiphase dimethyl sulfide chemistry, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 113, 11776–11781, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1606320113, 2016.
Holben, B. N., Eck, T. F., Slutsker, I., Tanré, D., Buis, J. P., Setzer, A., Vermote, E., Reagan, J. A., Kaufman, Y. J., Nakajima, T., Lavenu, F., Jankowiak, I., and Smirnov, A.: AERONET - A federated instrument network and data archive for aerosol characterization, Remote Sens. Environ., 66, 1–16, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-4257(98)00031-5, 1998.
Hutchings, L., van der Lingen, C. D., Shannon, L. J., Crawford, R. J. M., Verheye, H. M. S., Bartholomae, C. H., van der Plas, A. K., Louw, D., Kreiner, A., Ostrowski, M., Fidel, Q., Barlow, R. G., Lamont, T., Coetzee, J., Shillington, F., Veitch, J., Currie, J. C., and Monteiro, P. M. S.: The Benguela Current: An ecosystem of four components, Prog. Oceanogr., 83, 15–32, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2009.07.046, 2009.
Jaeglé, L., Quinn, P. K., Bates, T. S., Alexander, B., and Lin, J.-T.: Global distribution of sea salt aerosols: new constraints from in situ and remote sensing observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 3137–3157, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-3137-2011, 2011.
Jaeglé, L., Shah, V., Thornton, J. A., Lopez-Hilfiker, F. D., Lee, B. H., McDuffie, E. E., Fibiger, D., Brown, S. S., Veres, P., Sparks, T. L., Ebben, C. J., Wooldridge, P. J., Kenagy, H. S., Cohen, R. C., Weinheimer, A. J., Campos, T. L., Montzka, D. D., Digangi, J. P., Wolfe, G. M., Hanisco, T., Schroder, J. C., Campuzano-Jost, P., Day, D. A., Jimenez, J. L., Sullivan, A. P., Guo, H., and Weber, R. J.: Nitrogen Oxides Emissions, Chemistry, Deposition, and Export Over the Northeast United States During the WINTER Aircraft Campaign, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 123, 12368–12393, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JD029133, 2018.
Jarre, A., Hutchings, L., Kirkman, S. P., Kreiner, A., Tchipalanga, P. C. M., Kainge, P., Uanivi, U., van der Plas, A. K., Blamey, L. K., Coetzee, J. C., Lamont, T., Samaai, T., Verheye, H. M., Yemane, D. G., Axelsen, B. E., Ostrowski, M., Stenevik, E. K., and Loeng, H.: Synthesis: Climate effects on biodiversity, abundance and distribution of marine organisms in the Benguela, Fish. Oceanogr., 24, 122–149, https://doi.org/10.1111/fog.12086, 2015.
Kaiser, J. W., Heil, A., Andreae, M. O., Benedetti, A., Chubarova, N., Jones, L., Morcrette, J.-J., Razinger, M., Schultz, M. G., Suttie, M., and van der Werf, G. R.: Biomass burning emissions estimated with a global fire assimilation system based on observed fire radiative power, Biogeosciences, 9, 527–554, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-527-2012, 2012.
Kaufman, Y. J. and Tanré, D.: Effect of variations in super-saturation on the formation of cloud condensation nuclei, Nature, 369, 45–48, https://doi.org/10.1038/369045a0, 1994.
Kilgour, D. B., Novak, G. A., Sauer, J. S., Moore, A. N., Dinasquet, J., Amiri, S., Franklin, E. B., Mayer, K., Winter, M., Morris, C. K., Price, T., Malfatti, F., Crocker, D. R., Lee, C., Cappa, C. D., Goldstein, A. H., Prather, K. A., and Bertram, T. H.: Marine gas-phase sulfur emissions during an induced phytoplankton bloom, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 1601–1613, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1601-2022, 2022.
Lana, A., Bell, T. G., Simó, R., Vallina, S. M., Ballabrera-Poy, J., Kettle, A. J., Dachs, J., Bopp, L., Saltzman, E. S., Stefels, J., Johnson, J. E., and Liss, P. S.: An updated climatology of surface dimethlysulfide concentrations and emission fluxes in the global ocean, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 25, GB1004, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GB003850, 2011.
Latimer, R. N. C. and Martin, R. V.: Interpretation of measured aerosol mass scattering efficiency over North America using a chemical transport model, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 2635–2653, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-2635-2019, 2019.
Lee, G., Park, J., Jang, Y., Lee, M., Kim, K. R., Oh, J. R., Kim, D., Yi, H. Il, and Kim, T. Y.: Vertical variability of seawater DMS in the South Pacific Ocean and its implication for atmospheric and surface seawater DMS, Chemosphere, 78, 1063–1070, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.10.054, 2010.
Lindesay, J. A., Andreae, M. O., Goldammer, J. G., Harris, G., Annegarn, H. J., Garstang, M., Scholes, R. J., and Van Wilgen, B. W.: International geosphere-biosphere programme/international global atmospheric chemistry SAFARI-92 field experiment: Background and overview, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 23521–23530, https://doi.org/10.1029/96jd01512, 1996.
Martínez-Lozano, J. A., Utrillas, M. P., Tena, F., and Cachorro, V. E.: The parameterisation of the atmospheric aerosol optical depth using the Ångström power law, Sol. Energy, 63, 303–311, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-092X(98)00077-2, 1998.
Marvin, M. R., Palmer, P. I., Yao, F., Latif, M. T., and Khan, M. F.: Uncertainties from biomass burning aerosols in air quality models obscure public health impacts in Southeast Asia, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3699–3715, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3699-2024, 2024.
Middlebrook, A. M., Murphy, D. M., and Thomson, D. S.: Observations of organic material in individual marine particles at Cape Grim during the First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1), J. Geophys. Res., 103, 16475–16483, https://doi.org/10.1029/97JD03719, 1998.
Novak, G. A., Fite, C. H., Holmes, C. D., Veres, P. R., Neuman, J. A., Faloona, I., Thornton, J. A., Wolfe, G. M., Vermeuel, M. P., Jernigan, C. M., Peischl, J., Ryerson, T. B., Thompson, C. R., Bourgeois, I., Warneke, C., Gkatzelis, G. I., Coggon, M. M., Sekimoto, K., Bui, T. P., Dean-Day, J., Diskin, G. S., DiGangi, J. P., Nowak, J. B., Moore, R. H., Wiggins, E. B., Winstead, E. L., Robinson, C., Thornhill, K. L., Sanchez, K. J., Hall, S. R., Ullmann, K., Dollner, M., Weinzierl, B., Blake, D. R., and Bertram, T. H.: Rapid cloud removal of dimethyl sulfide oxidation products limits SO2 and cloud condensation nuclei production in the marine atmosphere, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 118, e2110472118, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2110472118, 2021.
O'Dowd, C. D. and De Leeuw, G.: Marine aerosol production: A review of the current knowledge, Philos. T. R. Soc. A., 365, 1753–1774, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2007.2043, 2007.
O'Dowd, C. D., Facchini, M. C., Cavalli, F., Ceburnis, D., Mircea, M., Decesari, S., Fuzzi, S., Young, J. Y., and Putaud, J. P.: Biogenically driven organic contribution to marine aerosol, Nature, 431, 676–680, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02959, 2004.
Oppo, C., Bellandi, S., Degli Innocenti, N., Stortini, A. M., Loglio, G., Schiavuta, E., and Cini, R.: Surfactant components of marine organic matter as agents for biogeochemical fractionation and pollutant transport via marine aerosols, Mar. Chem., 63, 235–253, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4203(98)00065-6, 1999.
ORACLES Science Team: Suite of Aerosol, Cloud, and Related Data Acquired Aboard P3 During ORACLES 2017, Version 2, Moffett Field, CA, NASA Ames Earth Science Project Office (ESPO) [data set], https://doi.org/10.5067/Suborbital/ORACLES/P3/2017_V2, 2020.
Pai, S. J., Heald, C. L., Pierce, J. R., Farina, S. C., Marais, E. A., Jimenez, J. L., Campuzano-Jost, P., Nault, B. A., Middlebrook, A. M., Coe, H., Shilling, J. E., Bahreini, R., Dingle, J. H., and Vu, K.: An evaluation of global organic aerosol schemes using airborne observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 2637–2665, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-2637-2020, 2020.
Park, R. J., Jacob, D. J., Chin, M., and Martin, R. V.: Sources of carbonaceous aerosols over the United States and implications for natural visibility, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4355, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002jd003190, 2003.
Philip, S., Martin, R. V., and Keller, C. A.: Sensitivity of chemistry-transport model simulations to the duration of chemical and transport operators: a case study with GEOS-Chem v10-01, Geosci. Model Dev., 9, 1683–1695, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-1683-2016, 2016.
Philip, S., Martin, R. V., Snider, G., Weagle, C. L., Van Donkelaar, A., Brauer, M., Henze, D. K., Klimont, Z., Venkataraman, C., Guttikunda, S. K., and Zhang, Q.: Anthropogenic fugitive, combustion and industrial dust is a significant, underrepresented fine particulate matter source in global atmospheric models, Environ. Res. Lett., 12, 044018, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa65a4, 2017.
Prather, K. A., Bertram, T. H., Grassian, V. H., Deane, G. B., Stokes, M. D., DeMott, P. J., Aluwihare, L. I., Palenik, B. P., Azam, F., Seinfeld, J. H., Moffet, R. C., Molina, M. J., Cappa, C. D., Geiger, F. M., Roberts, G. C., Russell, L. M., Ault, A. P., Baltrusaitis, J., Collins, D. B., Corrigan, C. E., Cuadra-Rodriguez, L. A., Ebben, C. J., Forestieri, S. D., Guasco, T. L., Hersey, S. P., Kim, M. J., Lambert, W. F., Modini, R. L., Mui, W., Pedler, B. E., Ruppel, M. J., Ryder, O. S., Schoepp, N. G., Sullivan, R. C., and Zhao, D.: Bringing the ocean into the laboratory to probe the chemical complexity of sea spray aerosol, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 110, 7550–7555, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1300262110, 2013.
Quinn, P. K. and Bates, T. S.: The case against climate regulation via oceanic phytoplankton sulphur emissions, Nature, 480, 51–56, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10580, 2011.
Quinn, P. K., Coffman, D. J., Johnson, J. E., Upchurch, L. M., and Bates, T. S.: Small fraction of marine cloud condensation nuclei made up of sea spray aerosol, Nat. Geosci., 10, 674–679, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo3003, 2017.
Ravishankara, A. R., Rudich, Y., Talukdar, R., and Barone, S. B.: Oxidation of atmospheric reduced sulphur compounds: Perspective from laboratory studies, Philos. T. R. Soc. Lon. B., 352, 171–182, https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1997.0012, 1997.
Redemann, J., Wood, R., Zuidema, P., Doherty, S. J., Luna, B., LeBlanc, S. E., Diamond, M. S., Shinozuka, Y., Chang, I. Y., Ueyama, R., Pfister, L., Ryoo, J.-M., Dobracki, A. N., da Silva, A. M., Longo, K. M., Kacenelenbogen, M. S., Flynn, C. J., Pistone, K., Knox, N. M., Piketh, S. J., Haywood, J. M., Formenti, P., Mallet, M., Stier, P., Ackerman, A. S., Bauer, S. E., Fridlind, A. M., Carmichael, G. R., Saide, P. E., Ferrada, G. A., Howell, S. G., Freitag, S., Cairns, B., Holben, B. N., Knobelspiesse, K. D., Tanelli, S., L'Ecuyer, T. S., Dzambo, A. M., Sy, O. O., McFarquhar, G. M., Poellot, M. R., Gupta, S., O'Brien, J. R., Nenes, A., Kacarab, M., Wong, J. P. S., Small-Griswold, J. D., Thornhill, K. L., Noone, D., Podolske, J. R., Schmidt, K. S., Pilewskie, P., Chen, H., Cochrane, S. P., Sedlacek, A. J., Lang, T. J., Stith, E., Segal-Rozenhaimer, M., Ferrare, R. A., Burton, S. P., Hostetler, C. A., Diner, D. J., Seidel, F. C., Platnick, S. E., Myers, J. S., Meyer, K. G., Spangenberg, D. A., Maring, H., and Gao, L.: An overview of the ORACLES (ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS) project: aerosol–cloud–radiation interactions in the southeast Atlantic basin, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 1507–1563, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1507-2021, 2021.
Russell, L. M., Hawkins, L. N., Frossard, A. A., Quinn, P. K., and Bates, T. S.: Carbohydrate-like composition of submicron atmospheric particles and their production from ocean bubble bursting, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 107, 6652–6657, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0908905107, 2010.
Russell, L. M., Moore, R. H., Burrows, S. M., and Quinn, P. K.: Ocean flux of salt, sulfate, and organic components to atmospheric aerosol, Earth-Sci. Rev., 239, 104364, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2023.104364, 2023.
Ryoo, J.-M., Pfister, L., Ueyama, R., Zuidema, P., Wood, R., Chang, I., and Redemann, J.: A meteorological overview of the ORACLES (ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS) campaign over the southeastern Atlantic during 2016–2018: Part 1 – Climatology, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16689–16707, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16689-2021, 2021.
Seinfeld, J. H. and Pandis, S. N.: Atmos. Chem. Phys.: From Air Pollution to Climate Change. John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken, ISBN 9781118591505, 2016.
Shannon, L. V. and Nelson, G.: The Benguela: Large Scale Features and Processes and System Variability, in: The South Atlantic, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80353-6_9, 1996.
Spracklen, D. V., Carslaw, K. S., Kulmala, M., Kerminen, V. M., Sihto, S. L., Riipinen, I., Merikanto, J., Mann, G. W., Chipperfield, M. P., Wiedensohler, A., Birmili, W., and Lihavainen, H.: Contribution of particle formation to global cloud condensation nuclei concentrations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L06808, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL033038, 2008.
Stier, P., Schutgens, N. A. J., Bellouin, N., Bian, H., Boucher, O., Chin, M., Ghan, S., Huneeus, N., Kinne, S., Lin, G., Ma, X., Myhre, G., Penner, J. E., Randles, C. A., Samset, B., Schulz, M., Takemura, T., Yu, F., Yu, H., and Zhou, C.: Host model uncertainties in aerosol radiative forcing estimates: results from the AeroCom Prescribed intercomparison study, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 3245–3270, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-3245-2013, 2013.
Su, M., Shi, Y., Yang, Y., and Guo, W.: Impacts of different biomass burning emission inventories: Simulations of atmospheric CO2 concentrations based on GEOS-Chem, Sci. Total Environ., 876, 162825, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162825, 2023.
Swap, R., Garstang, M., Macko, S. A., Tyson, P. D., Maenhaut, W., Artaxo, P., Kållberg, P., and Talbot, R.: The long-range transport of southern African aerosols to the tropical South Atlantic, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 23777–23791, https://doi.org/10.1029/95jd01049, 1996.
Swap, R. J., Annegarn, H. J., Suttles, J. T., King, M. D., Platnick, S., Privette, J. L., and Scholes, R. J.: Africa burning: A thematic analysis of the Southern African Regional Science Initiative (SAFARI 2000), J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 108, 8465, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003jd003747, 2003.
Tashmim, L., Porter, W. C., Chen, Q., Alexander, B., Fite, C. H., Holmes, C. D., Pierce, J. R., Croft, B., and Ishino, S.: Contribution of expanded marine sulfur chemistry to the seasonal variability of dimethyl sulfide oxidation products and size-resolved sulfate aerosol, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3379–3403, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3379-2024, 2024.
The International GEOS-Chem User Community: geoschem/GCClassic: GEOS-Chem 13.3.3, Zenodo [code], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5748260, 2021.
Tortell, P. D., Guéguen, C., Long, M. C., Payne, C. D., Lee, P., and DiTullio, G. R.: Spatial variability and temporal dynamics of surface water pCO2, ΔO
Tournadre, J.: Anthropogenic pressure on the open ocean: The growth of ship traffic revealed by altimeter data analysis, Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 7924–7932, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL061786, 2014.
van der Werf, G. R., Randerson, J. T., Giglio, L., Collatz, G. J., Mu, M., Kasibhatla, P. S., Morton, D. C., DeFries, R. S., Jin, Y., and van Leeuwen, T. T.: Global fire emissions and the contribution of deforestation, savanna, forest, agricultural, and peat fires (1997–2009), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 11707–11735, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-11707-2010, 2010.
van der Werf, G. R., Randerson, J. T., Giglio, L., van Leeuwen, T. T., Chen, Y., Rogers, B. M., Mu, M., van Marle, M. J. E., Morton, D. C., Collatz, G. J., Yokelson, R. J., and Kasibhatla, P. S.: Global fire emissions estimates during 1997–2016, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 9, 697–720, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-697-2017, 2017.
Veres, P. R., Andrew Neuman, J., Bertram, T. H., Assaf, E., Wolfe, G. M., Williamson, C. J., Weinzierl, B., Tilmes, S., Thompson, C. R., Thames, A. B., Schroder, J. C., Saiz-Lopez, A., Rollins, A. W., Roberts, J. M., Price, D., Peischl, J., Nault, B. A., Møller, K. H., Miller, D. O., Meinardi, S., Li, Q., Lamarque, J. F., Kupc, A., Kjaergaard, H. G., Kinnison, D., Jimenez, J. L., Jernigan, C. M., Hornbrook, R. S., Hills, A., Dollner, M., Day, D. A., Cuevas, C. A., Campuzano-Jost, P., Burkholder, J., Paul Bui, T., Brune, W. H., Brown, S. S., Brock, C. A., Bourgeois, I., Blake, D. R., Apel, E. C., and Ryerson, T. B.: Global airborne sampling reveals a previously unobserved dimethyl sulfide oxidation mechanism in the marine atmosphere, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 117, 4505–4510, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1919344117, 2020.
Vignati, E., De Leeuw, G., and Berkowicz, R.: Modeling coastal aerosol transport and effects of surf-produced aerosols on processes in the marine atmospheric boundary layer, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 20225–20238, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD000025, 2001.
Wang, X., Heald, C. L., Ridley, D. A., Schwarz, J. P., Spackman, J. R., Perring, A. E., Coe, H., Liu, D., and Clarke, A. D.: Exploiting simultaneous observational constraints on mass and absorption to estimate the global direct radiative forcing of black carbon and brown carbon, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 10989–11010, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-10989-2014, 2014.
Wizenberg, T., Strong, K., Jones, D. B. A., Lutsch, E., Mahieu, E., Franco, B., and Clarisse, L.: Exceptional wildfire enhancements of PAN, C2H4, CH3OH, and HCOOH over the Canadian high Arctic during August 2017, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 128, e2022JD038052, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JD038052, 2023.
Wood, R.: Stratocumulus clouds, Mon. Weather Rev., 140, 2373–2423, https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-11-00121.1, 2012.
Wu, R., Wang, S., and Wang, L.: New mechanism for the atmospheric oxidation of dimethyl sulfide. The importance of intramolecular hydrogen shift in a CH3SCH2OO radical, J. Phys. Chem. A, 119, 112–117, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp511616j, 2015.
Yu, F., Luo, G., and Ma, X.: Regional and global modeling of aerosol optical properties with a size, composition, and mixing state resolved particle microphysics model, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 5719–5736, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-5719-2012, 2012.
Zhai, S., Jacob, D. J., Brewer, J. F., Li, K., Moch, J. M., Kim, J., Lee, S., Lim, H., Lee, H. C., Kuk, S. K., Park, R. J., Jeong, J. I., Wang, X., Liu, P., Luo, G., Yu, F., Meng, J., Martin, R. V., Travis, K. R., Hair, J. W., Anderson, B. E., Dibb, J. E., Jimenez, J. L., Campuzano-Jost, P., Nault, B. A., Woo, J.-H., Kim, Y., Zhang, Q., and Liao, H.: Relating geostationary satellite measurements of aerosol optical depth (AOD) over East Asia to fine particulate matter (PM2.5): insights from the KORUS-AQ aircraft campaign and GEOS-Chem model simulations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16775–16791, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16775-2021, 2021.
Zhang, D., Du, L., Wang, W., Zhu, Q., Bi, J., Scovronick, N., Naidoo, M., Garland, R.M. and Liu, Y.: A machine learning model to estimate ambient PM2.5 concentrations in industrialized highveld region of South Africa, Remote Sens. Environ., 266, 112713, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2021.112713, 2021.
Zuidema, P., Alvarado, M., Chiu, C., de Szoeke, S., Fairall, C., Feingold, G., Freedman, A., Ghan, S., Haywood, J., Kollias, P., Lewis, E., McFarquhar, G., McComiskey, A., Mechem, D., Onasch, T., Redemann, J., Romps, D., Turner, D., Wang, H., Wood, R., Yuter, S., and Zhu, P.: Layered Atlantic Smoke Interactions with Clouds (LASIC) Field Campaign Report, United States, https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/1437446 (last access: 7 July 2024), 2018.
Short summary
Our research examines aerosol dynamics over the southeast Atlantic, a region with significant uncertainties in aerosol radiative forcings. Using the GEOS-Chem model, we find that at cloud altitudes, organic aerosols dominate during the biomass burning season, while sulfate aerosols, driven by marine emissions, prevail during peak primary production. These findings highlight the need for accurate representation of marine aerosols in models to improve climate predictions and reduce uncertainties.
Our research examines aerosol dynamics over the southeast Atlantic, a region with significant...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint