Articles | Volume 18, issue 24
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-18123-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-18123-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
21 Dec 2018
Research article |
| 21 Dec 2018
| 21 Dec 2018
Source sector and region contributions to black carbon and PM2.5 in the Arctic
Negin Sobhani
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Boulder, CO, USA
Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research (CGRER), University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
Sarika Kulkarni
Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research (CGRER), University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
California Air Resources Board (CARB), Sacramento, CA, USA
Gregory R. Carmichael
Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research (CGRER), University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
Related authors
Danica L. Lombardozzi, William R. Wieder, Negin Sobhani, Gordon B. Bonan, David Durden, Dawn Lenz, Michael SanClements, Samantha Weintraub-Leff, Edward Ayres, Christopher R. Florian, Kyla Dahlin, Sanjiv Kumar, Abigail L. S. Swann, Claire M. Zarakas, Charles Vardeman, and Valerio Pascucci
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 5979–6000, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5979-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5979-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present a novel cyberinfrastructure system that uses National Ecological Observatory Network measurements to run Community Terrestrial System Model point simulations in a containerized system. The simple interface and tutorials expand access to data and models used in Earth system research by removing technical barriers and facilitating research, educational opportunities, and community engagement. The NCAR–NEON system enables convergence of climate and ecological sciences.
Maryam Abdi-Oskouei, Gabriele Pfister, Frank Flocke, Negin Sobhani, Pablo Saide, Alan Fried, Dirk Richter, Petter Weibring, James Walega, and Gregory Carmichael
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 16863–16883, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16863-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16863-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents a quantification of model uncertainties due to configurations and errors in the emission inventories. The analysis includes performing simulations with different configurations and comparisons with airborne and ground-based observations with a focus on capturing transport and emissions from the oil and gas sector. The presented results reflect the challenges that one may face when attempting to improve emission inventories by contrasting measured with modeled concentrations.
Min Huang, Gregory R. Carmichael, James H. Crawford, Kevin W. Bowman, Isabelle De Smedt, Andreas Colliander, Michael H. Cosh, Sujay V. Kumar, Alex B. Guenther, Scott J. Janz, Ryan M. Stauffer, Anne M. Thompson, Niko M. Fedkin, Robert J. Swap, John D. Bolten, and Alicia T. Joseph
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-484, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-484, 2024
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
This study uses model simulations along with multiplatform, multidisciplinary observations and a range of analysis methods to estimate and understand the distributions, temporal changes, and impacts of reactive nitrogen and ozone over the most populous US region that has undergone significant environmental changes. Deposition, biogenic emissions, and extra-regional sources have been playing increasingly important roles in controlling pollutants’ budgets in this area as local emissions go down.
Hyerim Kim, Xi Chen, Jun Wang, Zhendong Lu, Meng Zhou, Gregory Carmichael, Sang Seo Park, and Jhoon Kim
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-3115, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-3115, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We compare aerosol layer height (ALH) derived from satellite platforms (GEMS, EPIC, TROPOMI). Validation against CALIOP shows high correlation for EPIC and TROPOMI (R > 0.7, overestimation ~0.8 km), while GEMS displays minimal bias (0.1 km) with a lower correlation (R = 0.64). Categorizing GEMS ALH with UVAI ≥ 3 improves agreement. GEMS exhibits a narrower ALH range and lower mean value than TROPOMI and EPIC. Diurnal variation of EPIC and GEMS ALH aligns with the boundary layer development.
Danica L. Lombardozzi, William R. Wieder, Negin Sobhani, Gordon B. Bonan, David Durden, Dawn Lenz, Michael SanClements, Samantha Weintraub-Leff, Edward Ayres, Christopher R. Florian, Kyla Dahlin, Sanjiv Kumar, Abigail L. S. Swann, Claire M. Zarakas, Charles Vardeman, and Valerio Pascucci
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 5979–6000, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5979-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-5979-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present a novel cyberinfrastructure system that uses National Ecological Observatory Network measurements to run Community Terrestrial System Model point simulations in a containerized system. The simple interface and tutorials expand access to data and models used in Earth system research by removing technical barriers and facilitating research, educational opportunities, and community engagement. The NCAR–NEON system enables convergence of climate and ecological sciences.
Lei Kong, Xiao Tang, Jiang Zhu, Zifa Wang, Yele Sun, Pingqing Fu, Meng Gao, Huangjian Wu, Miaomiao Lu, Qian Wu, Shuyuan Huang, Wenxuan Sui, Jie Li, Xiaole Pan, Lin Wu, Hajime Akimoto, and Gregory R. Carmichael
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6217–6240, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6217-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6217-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A multi-air-pollutant inversion system has been developed in this study to estimate emission changes in China during COVID-19 lockdown. The results demonstrate that the lockdown is largely a nationwide road traffic control measure with NOx emissions decreasing by ~40 %. Emissions of other species only decreased by ~10 % due to smaller effects of lockdown on other sectors. Assessment results further indicate that the lockdown only had limited effects on the control of PM2.5 and O3 in China.
Ian Chang, Lan Gao, Connor J. Flynn, Yohei Shinozuka, Sarah J. Doherty, Michael S. Diamond, Karla M. Longo, Gonzalo A. Ferrada, Gregory R. Carmichael, Patricia Castellanos, Arlindo M. da Silva, Pablo E. Saide, Calvin Howes, Zhixin Xue, Marc Mallet, Ravi Govindaraju, Qiaoqiao Wang, Yafang Cheng, Yan Feng, Sharon P. Burton, Richard A. Ferrare, Samuel E. LeBlanc, Meloë S. Kacenelenbogen, Kristina Pistone, Michal Segal-Rozenhaimer, Kerry G. Meyer, Ju-Mee Ryoo, Leonhard Pfister, Adeyemi A. Adebiyi, Robert Wood, Paquita Zuidema, Sundar A. Christopher, and Jens Redemann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4283–4309, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4283-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4283-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Abundant aerosols are present above low-level liquid clouds over the southeastern Atlantic during late austral spring. The model simulation differences in the proportion of aerosol residing in the planetary boundary layer and in the free troposphere can greatly affect the regional aerosol radiative effects. This study examines the aerosol loading and fractional aerosol loading in the free troposphere among various models and evaluates them against measurements from the NASA ORACLES campaign.
Peng Wang, Ruhan Zhang, Shida Sun, Meng Gao, Bo Zheng, Dan Zhang, Yanli Zhang, Gregory R. Carmichael, and Hongliang Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2983–2996, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2983-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2983-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In China, the number of vehicles has jumped significantly in the last decade. This caused severe traffic congestion and aggravated air pollution. In this study, we developed a new temporal allocation approach to quantify the impacts of traffic congestion. We found that traffic congestion worsens air quality and the health burden across China, especially in the urban clusters. More effective and comprehensive vehicle emission control policies should be implemented to improve air quality in China.
Gonzalo A. Ferrada, Meng Zhou, Jun Wang, Alexei Lyapustin, Yujie Wang, Saulo R. Freitas, and Gregory R. Carmichael
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 8085–8109, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-8085-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-8085-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The smoke from fires is composed of different compounds that interact with the atmosphere and can create poor air-quality episodes. Here, we present a new fire inventory based on satellite observations from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). We named this inventory the VIIRS-based Fire Emission Inventory (VFEI). Advantages of VFEI are its high resolution (~500 m) and that it provides information for many species. VFEI is publicly available and has provided data since 2012.
Fan Wang, Gregory R. Carmichael, Jing Wang, Bin Chen, Bo Huang, Yuguo Li, Yuanjian Yang, and Meng Gao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 13341–13353, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13341-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13341-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Unprecedented urbanization in China has led to serious urban heat island (UHI) issues, exerting intense heat stress on urban residents. We find diverse influences of aerosol pollution on urban heat island intensity (UHII) under different circulations. Our results also highlight the role of black carbon in aggravating UHI, especially during nighttime. It could thus be targeted for cooperative management of heat islands and aerosol pollution.
Bo Li, Cheng Liu, Qihou Hu, Mingzhai Sun, Chengxin Zhang, Shulin Zhang, Yizhi Zhu, Ting Liu, Yike Guo, Gregory R. Carmichael, and Meng Gao
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-578, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-578, 2022
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
Ambient particles have an important impact on human health, meteorology and climate change. By building a deep spatiotemporal neural network model we have overcome the long-standing limitations and get the full time and space coverage ground PM2.5 concentrations. We open the neural network black box data model by using sensitivity analysis and visualization techniques. This research will help improve health effects studies, climate effects of aerosols, and air quality prediction.
Min Huang, James H. Crawford, Gregory R. Carmichael, Kevin W. Bowman, Sujay V. Kumar, and Colm Sweeney
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 7461–7487, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7461-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7461-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study demonstrates that ozone dry-deposition modeling can be improved by revising the model's dry-deposition parameterizations to better represent the effects of environmental conditions including the soil moisture fields. Applying satellite soil moisture data assimilation is shown to also have added value. Such advancements in coupled modeling and data assimilation can benefit the assessments of ozone impacts on human and vegetation health.
Chenhong Zhou, Fan Wang, Yike Guo, Cheng Liu, Dongsheng Ji, Yuesi Wang, Xiaobin Xu, Xiao Lu, Yan Wang, Gregory Carmichael, and Meng Gao
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2022-187, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2022-187, 2022
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
We develop an eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model integrating high-resolution meteorological data, satellite retrievals of trace gases, etc. to provide reconstructed daily ground-level O3 over 2005–2021 in China. It can facilitate climatological, ecological, and health research. The dataset is freely available at Zenodo (https://zenodo.org/record/6507706#.Yo8hKujP13g; Zhou, 2022).
Ranjeet S. Sokhi, Nicolas Moussiopoulos, Alexander Baklanov, John Bartzis, Isabelle Coll, Sandro Finardi, Rainer Friedrich, Camilla Geels, Tiia Grönholm, Tomas Halenka, Matthias Ketzel, Androniki Maragkidou, Volker Matthias, Jana Moldanova, Leonidas Ntziachristos, Klaus Schäfer, Peter Suppan, George Tsegas, Greg Carmichael, Vicente Franco, Steve Hanna, Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen, Guus J. M. Velders, and Jaakko Kukkonen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 4615–4703, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4615-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4615-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This review of air quality research focuses on developments over the past decade. The article considers current and future challenges that are important from air quality research and policy perspectives and highlights emerging prominent gaps of knowledge. The review also examines how air pollution management needs to adapt to new challenges and makes recommendations to guide the direction for future air quality research within the wider community and to provide support for policy.
Sarah J. Doherty, Pablo E. Saide, Paquita Zuidema, Yohei Shinozuka, Gonzalo A. Ferrada, Hamish Gordon, Marc Mallet, Kerry Meyer, David Painemal, Steven G. Howell, Steffen Freitag, Amie Dobracki, James R. Podolske, Sharon P. Burton, Richard A. Ferrare, Calvin Howes, Pierre Nabat, Gregory R. Carmichael, Arlindo da Silva, Kristina Pistone, Ian Chang, Lan Gao, Robert Wood, and Jens Redemann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 1–46, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Between July and October, biomass burning smoke is advected over the southeastern Atlantic Ocean, leading to climate forcing. Model calculations of forcing by this plume vary significantly in both magnitude and sign. This paper compares aerosol and cloud properties observed during three NASA ORACLES field campaigns to the same in four models. It quantifies modeled biases in properties key to aerosol direct radiative forcing and evaluates how these biases propagate to biases in forcing.
Xinxin Ye, Pargoal Arab, Ravan Ahmadov, Eric James, Georg A. Grell, Bradley Pierce, Aditya Kumar, Paul Makar, Jack Chen, Didier Davignon, Greg R. Carmichael, Gonzalo Ferrada, Jeff McQueen, Jianping Huang, Rajesh Kumar, Louisa Emmons, Farren L. Herron-Thorpe, Mark Parrington, Richard Engelen, Vincent-Henri Peuch, Arlindo da Silva, Amber Soja, Emily Gargulinski, Elizabeth Wiggins, Johnathan W. Hair, Marta Fenn, Taylor Shingler, Shobha Kondragunta, Alexei Lyapustin, Yujie Wang, Brent Holben, David M. Giles, and Pablo E. Saide
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 14427–14469, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14427-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-14427-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Wildfire smoke has crucial impacts on air quality, while uncertainties in the numerical forecasts remain significant. We present an evaluation of 12 real-time forecasting systems. Comparison of predicted smoke emissions suggests a large spread in magnitudes, with temporal patterns deviating from satellite detections. The performance for AOD and surface PM2.5 and their discrepancies highlighted the role of accurately represented spatiotemporal emission profiles in improving smoke forecasts.
Meng Gao, Yang Yang, Hong Liao, Bin Zhu, Yuxuan Zhang, Zirui Liu, Xiao Lu, Chen Wang, Qiming Zhou, Yuesi Wang, Qiang Zhang, Gregory R. Carmichael, and Jianlin Hu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 11405–11421, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11405-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11405-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Light absorption and radiative forcing of black carbon (BC) is influenced by both BC itself and its interactions with other aerosol chemical compositions. In this study, we used the online coupled WRF-Chem model to examine how emission control measures during the Asian-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) conference affect the mixing state and light absorption of BC and the associated implications for BC-PBL interactions.
Min Huang, James H. Crawford, Joshua P. DiGangi, Gregory R. Carmichael, Kevin W. Bowman, Sujay V. Kumar, and Xiwu Zhan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 11013–11040, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11013-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11013-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study evaluates the impact of satellite soil moisture data assimilation on modeled weather and ozone fields at various altitudes above the southeastern US during the summer. It emphasizes the importance of soil moisture in the understanding of surface ozone pollution and upper tropospheric chemistry, as well as air pollutants’ source–receptor relationships between the US and its downwind areas.
Kristina Pistone, Paquita Zuidema, Robert Wood, Michael Diamond, Arlindo M. da Silva, Gonzalo Ferrada, Pablo E. Saide, Rei Ueyama, Ju-Mee Ryoo, Leonhard Pfister, James Podolske, David Noone, Ryan Bennett, Eric Stith, Gregory Carmichael, Jens Redemann, Connor Flynn, Samuel LeBlanc, Michal Segal-Rozenhaimer, and Yohei Shinozuka
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 9643–9668, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9643-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9643-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Using aircraft-based measurements off the Atlantic coast of Africa, we found the springtime smoke plume was strongly correlated with the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere (more smoke indicated more humidity). We see the same general feature in satellite-assimilated and free-running models. Our analysis suggests this relationship is not caused by the burning but originates due to coincident continental meteorology plus fires. This air is transported over the ocean without further mixing.
Syuichi Itahashi, Baozhu Ge, Keiichi Sato, Zhe Wang, Junichi Kurokawa, Jiani Tan, Kan Huang, Joshua S. Fu, Xuemei Wang, Kazuyo Yamaji, Tatsuya Nagashima, Jie Li, Mizuo Kajino, Gregory R. Carmichael, and Zifa Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 8709–8734, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8709-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8709-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents the detailed analysis of acid deposition over southeast Asia based on the Model Inter-Comparison Study for Asia (MICS-Asia) phase III. Simulated wet deposition is evaluated with observation data from the Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia (EANET). The difficulties of models to capture observations are related to the model performance on precipitation. The precipitation-adjusted approach was applied, and the distribution of wet deposition was successfully revised.
Lei Kong, Xiao Tang, Jiang Zhu, Zifa Wang, Jianjun Li, Huangjian Wu, Qizhong Wu, Huansheng Chen, Lili Zhu, Wei Wang, Bing Liu, Qian Wang, Duohong Chen, Yuepeng Pan, Tao Song, Fei Li, Haitao Zheng, Guanglin Jia, Miaomiao Lu, Lin Wu, and Gregory R. Carmichael
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 529–570, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-529-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-529-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
China's air pollution has changed substantially since 2013. Here we have developed a 6-year-long high-resolution air quality reanalysis dataset over China from 2013 to 2018 to illustrate such changes and to provide a basic dataset for relevant studies. Surface fields of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3 concentrations are provided, and the evaluation results indicate that the reanalysis dataset has excellent performance in reproducing the magnitude and variation of air pollution in China.
Yilin Chen, Huizhong Shen, Jennifer Kaiser, Yongtao Hu, Shannon L. Capps, Shunliu Zhao, Amir Hakami, Jhih-Shyang Shih, Gertrude K. Pavur, Matthew D. Turner, Daven K. Henze, Jaroslav Resler, Athanasios Nenes, Sergey L. Napelenok, Jesse O. Bash, Kathleen M. Fahey, Gregory R. Carmichael, Tianfeng Chai, Lieven Clarisse, Pierre-François Coheur, Martin Van Damme, and Armistead G. Russell
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 2067–2082, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2067-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2067-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Ammonia (NH3) emissions can exert adverse impacts on air quality and ecosystem well-being. NH3 emission inventories are viewed as highly uncertain. Here we optimize the NH3 emission estimates in the US using an air quality model and NH3 measurements from the IASI satellite instruments. The optimized NH3 emissions are much higher than the National Emissions Inventory estimates in April. The optimized NH3 emissions improved model performance when evaluated against independent observation.
Yohei Shinozuka, Pablo E. Saide, Gonzalo A. Ferrada, Sharon P. Burton, Richard Ferrare, Sarah J. Doherty, Hamish Gordon, Karla Longo, Marc Mallet, Yan Feng, Qiaoqiao Wang, Yafang Cheng, Amie Dobracki, Steffen Freitag, Steven G. Howell, Samuel LeBlanc, Connor Flynn, Michal Segal-Rosenhaimer, Kristina Pistone, James R. Podolske, Eric J. Stith, Joseph Ryan Bennett, Gregory R. Carmichael, Arlindo da Silva, Ravi Govindaraju, Ruby Leung, Yang Zhang, Leonhard Pfister, Ju-Mee Ryoo, Jens Redemann, Robert Wood, and Paquita Zuidema
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 11491–11526, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11491-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-11491-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In the southeast Atlantic, well-defined smoke plumes from Africa advect over marine boundary layer cloud decks; both are most extensive around September, when most of the smoke resides in the free troposphere. A framework is put forth for evaluating the performance of a range of global and regional atmospheric composition models against observations made during the NASA ORACLES (ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS) airborne mission in September 2016.
Shunliu Zhao, Matthew G. Russell, Amir Hakami, Shannon L. Capps, Matthew D. Turner, Daven K. Henze, Peter B. Percell, Jaroslav Resler, Huizhong Shen, Armistead G. Russell, Athanasios Nenes, Amanda J. Pappin, Sergey L. Napelenok, Jesse O. Bash, Kathleen M. Fahey, Gregory R. Carmichael, Charles O. Stanier, and Tianfeng Chai
Geosci. Model Dev., 13, 2925–2944, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2925-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2925-2020, 2020
Jiani Tan, Joshua S. Fu, Gregory R. Carmichael, Syuichi Itahashi, Zhining Tao, Kan Huang, Xinyi Dong, Kazuyo Yamaji, Tatsuya Nagashima, Xuemei Wang, Yiming Liu, Hyo-Jung Lee, Chuan-Yao Lin, Baozhu Ge, Mizuo Kajino, Jia Zhu, Meigen Zhang, Hong Liao, and Zifa Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 7393–7410, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-7393-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-7393-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This study evaluated the performance of 12 chemical transport models from MICS-Asia III for predicting the particulate matter (PM) over East Asia. Four model processes were investigated as the possible reasons for model bias with measurements and the factors causing inconsistent predictions of PM from different models: (1) model inputs, (2) gas–particle conversion, (3) dust emission modules and (4) removal mechanisms (wet and dry depositions). The influence of each process was discussed.
Pablo E. Saide, Meng Gao, Zifeng Lu, Daniel L. Goldberg, David G. Streets, Jung-Hun Woo, Andreas Beyersdorf, Chelsea A. Corr, Kenneth L. Thornhill, Bruce Anderson, Johnathan W. Hair, Amin R. Nehrir, Glenn S. Diskin, Jose L. Jimenez, Benjamin A. Nault, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Jack Dibb, Eric Heim, Kara D. Lamb, Joshua P. Schwarz, Anne E. Perring, Jhoon Kim, Myungje Choi, Brent Holben, Gabriele Pfister, Alma Hodzic, Gregory R. Carmichael, Louisa Emmons, and James H. Crawford
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 6455–6478, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-6455-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-6455-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Air quality forecasts over the Korean Peninsula captured aerosol optical depth but largely overpredicted surface PM during a Chinese haze transport event. Model deficiency was related to the calculation of optical properties. In order to improve it, aerosol size representation needs to be refined in the calculations, and the representation of aerosol properties, such as size distribution, chemical composition, refractive index, hygroscopicity parameter, and density, needs to be improved.
Syuichi Itahashi, Baozhu Ge, Keiichi Sato, Joshua S. Fu, Xuemei Wang, Kazuyo Yamaji, Tatsuya Nagashima, Jie Li, Mizuo Kajino, Hong Liao, Meigen Zhang, Zhe Wang, Meng Li, Junichi Kurokawa, Gregory R. Carmichael, and Zifa Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 2667–2693, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-2667-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-2667-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
This study gives an overview of acid deposition from the Model Inter-Comparison Study for Asia (MICS-Asia) phase III. Wet deposition simulated by a total of nine models is evaluated with observation data from the Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia (EANET). The total deposition maps comparing to emissions over Asia are presented. To seek a way to improve the model performance, ensemble approaches and the precipitation-adjusted method are discussed.
Zhining Tao, Mian Chin, Meng Gao, Tom Kucsera, Dongchul Kim, Huisheng Bian, Jun-ichi Kurokawa, Yuesi Wang, Zirui Liu, Gregory R. Carmichael, Zifa Wang, and Hajime Akimoto
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 2319–2339, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-2319-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-2319-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
One goal of the Model Inter-Comparison Study for Asia (MICS-Asia) Phase III is to identify strengths and weaknesses of current air quality models to provide insights into reducing uncertainties. This study identified that a 15 km grid would be the optimal horizontal resolution in terms of performance and resource usage to capture average and extreme air quality over East Asia and is thus suggested for use in future MICS-Asia modeling activities if the investigation domain remains the same.
Daniel L. Goldberg, Pablo E. Saide, Lok N. Lamsal, Benjamin de Foy, Zifeng Lu, Jung-Hun Woo, Younha Kim, Jinseok Kim, Meng Gao, Gregory Carmichael, and David G. Streets
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 1801–1818, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1801-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1801-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Using satellite data, we are able to estimate the emissions of NOx (NOx=NO+NO2), a toxic group of air pollutants, in the Seoul metropolitan area. We first develop an enhanced satellite product that better observes NO2 in urban regions. Using this new product, we derive NOx emissions to be twice as large as the emissions reported by the South Korean government. The implication is that the measures taken to reduce NOx emissions in South Korea have not been as effective as regulators have thought.
Maryam Abdi-Oskouei, Gabriele Pfister, Frank Flocke, Negin Sobhani, Pablo Saide, Alan Fried, Dirk Richter, Petter Weibring, James Walega, and Gregory Carmichael
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 16863–16883, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16863-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16863-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents a quantification of model uncertainties due to configurations and errors in the emission inventories. The analysis includes performing simulations with different configurations and comparisons with airborne and ground-based observations with a focus on capturing transport and emissions from the oil and gas sector. The presented results reflect the challenges that one may face when attempting to improve emission inventories by contrasting measured with modeled concentrations.
Elizabeth M. Lennartson, Jun Wang, Juping Gu, Lorena Castro Garcia, Cui Ge, Meng Gao, Myungje Choi, Pablo E. Saide, Gregory R. Carmichael, Jhoon Kim, and Scott J. Janz
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 15125–15144, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-15125-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-15125-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
This paper is among the first to study the diurnal variations of AOD, PM2.5, and their relationships in South Korea. We show that the PM2.5–AOD relationship has strong diurnal variations, and, hence, using AOD data retrieved from geostationary satellite can improve the monitoring of surface PM2.5 air quality on a daily basis as well as constrain the diurnal variation of aerosol emission.
Min Huang, Gregory R. Carmichael, James H. Crawford, Armin Wisthaler, Xiwu Zhan, Christopher R. Hain, Pius Lee, and Alex B. Guenther
Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 3085–3104, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-3085-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-3085-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Various sensitivity simulations during two airborne campaigns were performed to assess the impact of different initialization methods and model resolutions on NUWRF-modeled weather states, heat fluxes, and the follow-on MEGAN isoprene emission calculations. Proper land initialization is shown to be important to the coupled weather modeling and the follow-on emission modeling, which is also critical to accurately representing other processes in air quality modeling and data assimilation.
Min Huang, Gregory R. Carmichael, R. Bradley Pierce, Duseong S. Jo, Rokjin J. Park, Johannes Flemming, Louisa K. Emmons, Kevin W. Bowman, Daven K. Henze, Yanko Davila, Kengo Sudo, Jan Eiof Jonson, Marianne Tronstad Lund, Greet Janssens-Maenhout, Frank J. Dentener, Terry J. Keating, Hilke Oetjen, and Vivienne H. Payne
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 5721–5750, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5721-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5721-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
In support of the HTAP phase 2 experiment, we conducted a number of regional-scale Sulfur Transport and dEposition Model base and sensitivity simulations over North America during May–June 2010. The STEM chemical boundary conditions were downscaled from three (GEOS-Chem, RAQMS, and ECMWF C-IFS) global chemical transport models' simulations. Analyses were performed on large spatial–temporal scales relative to HTAP1 and also on subcontinental and event scales including the use of satellite data.
S. Kulkarni, N. Sobhani, J. P. Miller-Schulze, M. M. Shafer, J. J. Schauer, P. A. Solomon, P. E. Saide, S. N. Spak, Y. F. Cheng, H. A. C. Denier van der Gon, Z. Lu, D. G. Streets, G. Janssens-Maenhout, C. Wiedinmyer, J. Lantz, M. Artamonova, B. Chen, S. Imashev, L. Sverdlik, J. T. Deminter, B. Adhikary, A. D'Allura, C. Wei, and G. R. Carmichael
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 1683–1705, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1683-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1683-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents a regional-scale modeling analysis of aerosols in the Central Asia region including detailed characterization of seasonal source region and sector contributions along with the predicted changes in distribution of aerosols using 2030 future emission scenarios. The influence of long transport and impact of varied emission sources including dust, biomass burning, and anthropogenic sources on the regional aerosol distributions and the associated transport pathways are discussed.
Related subject area
Subject: Aerosols | Research Activity: Atmospheric Modelling and Data Analysis | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
Reaction of SO3 with H2SO4 and its implications for aerosol particle formation in the gas phase and at the air–water interface
Weakened aerosol–radiation interaction exacerbating ozone pollution in eastern China since China's clean air actions
Uncertainties from biomass burning aerosols in air quality models obscure public health impacts in Southeast Asia
Oxidative potential apportionment of atmospheric PM1: a new approach combining high-sensitive online analysers for chemical composition and offline OP measurement technique
Aqueous-phase chemistry of glyoxal with multifunctional reduced nitrogen compounds: a potential missing route for secondary brown carbon
An updated modeling framework to simulate Los Angeles air quality – Part 1: Model development, evaluation, and source apportionment
Frequent haze events associated with transport and stagnation over the corridor between the North China Plain and Yangtze River Delta
Evaluation of WRF-Chem-simulated meteorology and aerosols over northern India during the severe pollution episode of 2016
How well are aerosol–cloud interactions represented in climate models? – Part 1: Understanding the sulfate aerosol production from the 2014–15 Holuhraun eruption
pH regulates the formation of organosulfates and inorganic sulfate from organic peroxide reaction with dissolved SO2 in aquatic media
Technical note: Accurate, reliable, and high-resolution air quality predictions by improving the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service using a novel statistical post-processing method
Contribution of intermediate-volatility organic compounds from on-road transport to secondary organic aerosol levels in Europe
Secondary Organic Aerosols Derived from Intermediate Volatility n-Alkanes Adopt Low Viscous Phase State
Development of an integrated model framework for multi-air-pollutant exposure assessments in high-density cities
CAMx–UNIPAR simulation of secondary organic aerosol mass formed from multiphase reactions of hydrocarbons under the Central Valley urban atmospheres of California
Impact of urbanization on fine particulate matter concentrations over central Europe
Measurement report: Assessing the impacts of emission uncertainty on aerosol optical properties and radiative forcing from biomass burning in peninsular Southeast Asia
Significant impact of urban-tree biogenic emissions on air quality estimated by a bottom-up inventory and chemistry-transport modeling
The Emissions Model Intercomparison Project (Emissions-MIP): quantifying model sensitivity to emission characteristics
Dynamics-based estimates of decline trend with fine temporal variations in China's PM2.5 emissions
Modeling atmospheric brown carbon in the GISS ModelE Earth system model
Effects of simulated secondary organic aerosol water on PM1 levels and composition over the US
Reactive organic carbon air emissions from mobile sources in the United States
Development and evaluation of processes affecting simulation of diel fine particulate matter variation in the GEOS-Chem model
Substantially positive contributions of new particle formation to cloud condensation nuclei under low supersaturation in China based on numerical model improvements
Evolution of atmospheric age of particles and its implications for the formation of a severe haze event in eastern China
A multimodel evaluation of the potential impact of shipping on particle species in the Mediterranean Sea
Modeling the drivers of fine PM pollution over Central Europe: impacts and contributions of emissions from different sources
How does tropospheric VOC chemistry affect climate? An investigation of preindustrial control simulations using the Community Earth System Model version 2
Anthropogenic amplification of biogenic secondary organic aerosol production
A dynamic parameterization of sulfuric acid–dimethylamine nucleation and its application in three-dimensional modeling
Modeling dust mineralogical composition: sensitivity to soil mineralogy atlases and their expected climate impacts
Assessment of the impacts of cloud chemistry on surface SO2 and sulfate levels in typical regions of China
Impact of Landes forest fires on air quality in France during the 2022 summer
Global nitrogen and sulfur deposition mapping using a measurement–model fusion approach
Comprehensive simulations of new particle formation events in Beijing with a cluster dynamics–multicomponent sectional model
Implications of differences between recent anthropogenic aerosol emission inventories for diagnosed AOD and radiative forcing from 1990 to 2019
Unbalanced emission reductions of different species and sectors in China during COVID-19 lockdown derived by multi-species surface observation assimilation
Simulating organic aerosol in Delhi with WRF-Chem using the volatility-basis-set approach: exploring model uncertainty with a Gaussian process emulator
Modelling wintertime sea-spray aerosols under Arctic haze conditions
Impact of solar geoengineering on wildfires in the 21st century in CESM2/WACCM6
Linking gas, particulate, and toxic endpoints to air emissions in the Community Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Multiphase Mechanism (CRACMM)
Contribution of regional aerosol nucleation to low-level CCN in an Amazonian deep convective environment: results from a regionally nested global model
Coarse particulate matter air quality in East Asia: implications for fine particulate nitrate
Foreign emissions exacerbate PM2.5 pollution in China through nitrate chemistry
Analysis of new particle formation events and comparisons to simulations of particle number concentrations based on GEOS-Chem–advanced particle microphysics in Beijing, China
Simulation of organic aerosol, its precursors, and related oxidants in the Landes pine forest in southwestern France: accounting for domain-specific land use and physical conditions
Modelling the European wind-blown dust emissions and their impact on particulate matter (PM) concentrations
Impacts of estimated plume rise on PM2.5 exceedance prediction during extreme wildfire events: a comparison of three schemes (Briggs, Freitas, and Sofiev)
Strong particle production and condensational growth in the upper troposphere sustained by biogenic VOCs from the canopy of the Amazon Basin
Rui Wang, Yang Cheng, Shasha Chen, Rongrong Li, Yue Hu, Xiaokai Guo, Tianlei Zhang, Fengmin Song, and Hao Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4029–4046, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4029-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4029-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We used quantum chemical calculations, Born–Oppenheimer molecular dynamics simulations, and the ACDC kinetic model to characterize SO3–H2SO4 interaction in the gas phase and at the air–water interface and to study the effect of H2S2O7 on H2SO4–NH3-based clusters. The work expands our understanding of new pathways for the loss of SO3 in acidic polluted areas and helps reveal some missing sources of NPF in metropolitan industrial regions and understand the atmospheric organic–sulfur cycle better.
Hao Yang, Lei Chen, Hong Liao, Jia Zhu, Wenjie Wang, and Xin Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4001–4015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4001-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4001-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The present study quantifies the response of aerosol–radiation interaction (ARI) to anthropogenic emission reduction from 2013 to 2017, with the main focus on the contribution to changed O3 concentrations over eastern China both in summer and winter using the WRF-Chem model. The weakened ARI due to decreased anthropogenic emission aggravates the summer (winter) O3 pollution by +0.81 ppb (+0.63 ppb), averaged over eastern China.
Margaret R. Marvin, Paul I. Palmer, Fei Yao, Mohd Talib Latif, and Md Firoz Khan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3699–3715, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3699-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3699-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We use an atmospheric chemistry model to investigate aerosols emitted from fire activity across Southeast Asia. We find that the limited nature of measurements in this region leads to large uncertainties that significantly hinder the model representation of these aerosols and their impacts on air quality. As a result, the number of monthly attributable deaths is underestimated by as many as 4500, particularly in March at the peak of the mainland burning season.
Julie Camman, Benjamin Chazeau, Nicolas Marchand, Amandine Durand, Grégory Gille, Ludovic Lanzi, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Henri Wortham, and Gaëlle Uzu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3257–3278, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3257-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3257-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Fine particle (PM1) pollution is a major health issue in the city of Marseille, which is subject to numerous pollution sources. Sampling carried out during the summer enabled a fine characterization of the PM1 sources and their oxidative potential, a promising new metric as a proxy for health impact. PM1 came mainly from combustion sources, secondary ammonium sulfate, and organic nitrate, while the oxidative potential of PM1 came from these sources and from resuspended dust in the atmosphere.
Yuemeng Ji, Zhang Shi, Wenjian Li, Jiaxin Wang, Qiuju Shi, Yixin Li, Lei Gao, Ruize Ma, Weijun Lu, Lulu Xu, Yanpeng Gao, Guiying Li, and Taicheng An
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3079–3091, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3079-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3079-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The formation mechanisms for secondary brown carbon (SBrC) contributed by multifunctional reduced nitrogen compounds (RNCs) remain unclear. Hence, from combined laboratory experiments and quantum chemical calculations, we investigated the heterogeneous reactions of glyoxal (GL) with multifunctional RNCs, which are driven by four-step indirect nucleophilic addition reactions. Our results show a possible missing source for SBrC formation on urban, regional, and global scales.
Elyse A. Pennington, Yuan Wang, Benjamin C. Schulze, Karl M. Seltzer, Jiani Yang, Bin Zhao, Zhe Jiang, Hongru Shi, Melissa Venecek, Daniel Chau, Benjamin N. Murphy, Christopher M. Kenseth, Ryan X. Ward, Havala O. T. Pye, and John H. Seinfeld
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2345–2363, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2345-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2345-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
To assess the air quality in Los Angeles (LA), we improved the CMAQ model by using dynamic traffic emissions and new secondary organic aerosol schemes to represent volatile chemical products. Source apportionment demonstrates that the urban areas of the LA Basin and vicinity are NOx-saturated, with the largest sensitivity of O3 to changes in volatile organic compounds in the urban core. The improvement and remaining issues shed light on the future direction of the model development.
Feifan Yan, Hang Su, Yafang Cheng, Rujin Huang, Hong Liao, Ting Yang, Yuanyuan Zhu, Shaoqing Zhang, Lifang Sheng, Wenbin Kou, Xinran Zeng, Shengnan Xiang, Xiaohong Yao, Huiwang Gao, and Yang Gao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2365–2376, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2365-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2365-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
PM2.5 pollution is a major air quality issue deteriorating human health, and previous studies mostly focus on regions like the North China Plain and Yangtze River Delta. However, the characteristics of PM2.5 concentrations between these two regions are studied less often. Focusing on the transport corridor region, we identify an interesting seesaw transport phenomenon with stagnant weather conditions, conducive to PM2.5 accumulation over this region, resulting in large health effects.
Prerita Agarwal, David S. Stevenson, and Mathew R. Heal
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2239–2266, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2239-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2239-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Air pollution levels across northern India are amongst some of the worst in the world, with episodic and hazardous haze events. Here, the ability of the WRF-Chem model to predict air quality over northern India is assessed against several datasets. Whilst surface wind speed and particle pollution peaks are over- and underestimated, respectively, meteorology and aerosol trends are adequately captured, and we conclude it is suitable for investigating severe particle pollution events.
George Jordan, Florent Malavelle, Ying Chen, Amy Peace, Eliza Duncan, Daniel G. Partridge, Paul Kim, Duncan Watson-Parris, Toshihiko Takemura, David Neubauer, Gunnar Myhre, Ragnhild Skeie, Anton Laakso, and James Haywood
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1939–1960, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1939-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1939-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The 2014–15 Holuhraun eruption caused a huge aerosol plume in an otherwise unpolluted region, providing a chance to study how aerosol alters cloud properties. This two-part study uses observations and models to quantify this relationship’s impact on the Earth’s energy budget. Part 1 suggests the models capture the observed spatial and chemical evolution of the plume, yet no model plume is exact. Understanding these differences is key for Part 2, where changes to cloud properties are explored.
Lin Du, Xiaofan Lv, Makroni Lily, Kun Li, and Narcisse Tsona Tchinda
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1841–1853, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1841-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1841-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study explores the pH effect on the reaction of dissolved SO2 with selected organic peroxides. Results show that the formation of organic and/or inorganic sulfate from these peroxides strongly depends on their electronic structures, and these processes are likely to alter the chemical composition of dissolved organic matter in different ways. The rate constants of these reactions exhibit positive pH and temperature dependencies within pH 1–10 and 240–340 K ranges.
Angelo Riccio and Elena Chianese
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1673–1689, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1673-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1673-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Starting from the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS), we provided a novel ensemble statistical post-processing approach to improve their air quality predictions. Our approach is able to provide reliable short-term forecasts of pollutant concentrations, which is a key challenge in supporting national authorities in their tasks related to EU Air Quality Directives, such as planning and reporting the state of air quality to the citizens.
Stella E. I. Manavi and Spyros N. Pandis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 891–909, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-891-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-891-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Organic vapors of intermediate volatility have often been neglected as sources of atmospheric organic aerosol. In this work we use a new approach for their simulation and quantify the contribution of these compounds emitted by transportation sources (gasoline and diesel vehicles) to particulate matter over Europe. The estimated secondary organic aerosol levels are on average 60 % higher than predicted by previous approaches. However, these estimates are probably lower limits.
Tommaso Galeazzo, Bernard Aumont, Marie Camredon, Richard Valorso, Yong B. Lim, Paul J. Ziemann, and Manabu Shiraiwa
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-51, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-51, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
SOA derived from n-alkanes is a major component of anthropogenic particulate matter. We provide a comprehensive analysis of n-alkane SOA by explicit chemistry modeling, machine learning, and laboratory experiments, showing that n-alkane SOA adopt low viscous semisolid or liquid states. Our results indicate little kinetic limitations of mass accommodation in SOA formation, supporting the application of equilibrium partitioning for simulating n-alkane SOA in large-scale atmospheric models.
Zhiyuan Li, Kin-Fai Ho, Harry Fung Lee, and Steve Hung Lam Yim
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 649–661, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-649-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-649-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study developed an integrated model framework for accurate multi-air-pollutant exposure assessments in high-density and high-rise cities. Following the proposed integrated model framework, we established multi-air-pollutant exposure models for four major PM10 chemical species as well as four criteria air pollutants with R2 values ranging from 0.73 to 0.93. The proposed framework serves as an important tool for combined exposure assessment in epidemiological studies.
Yujin Jo, Myoseon Jang, Sanghee Han, Azad Madhu, Bonyoung Koo, Yiqin Jia, Zechen Yu, Soontae Kim, and Jinsoo Park
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 487–508, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-487-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-487-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The CAMx–UNIPAR model simulated the SOA budget formed via multiphase reactions of hydrocarbons and the impact of emissions and climate on SOA characteristics under California’s urban environments during winter 2018. SOA growth was dominated by daytime oxidation of long-chain alkanes and nighttime terpene oxidation with O3 and NO−3 radicals. The spatial distributions of anthropogenic SOA were affected by the northwesterly wind, whereas those of biogenic SOA were insensitive to wind directions.
Peter Huszar, Alvaro Patricio Prieto Perez, Lukáš Bartík, Jan Karlický, and Anahi Villalba-Pradas
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 397–425, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-397-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-397-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Urbanization transforms rural land into artificial land, while due to human activities, it also introduces a great quantity of emissions. We quantify the impact of urbanization on the final particulate matter pollutant levels by looking not only at these emissions, but also at the way urban land cover influences meteorological conditions, how the removal of pollutants changes due to urban land cover, and how biogenic emissions from vegetation change due to less vegetation in urban areas.
Yinbao Jin, Yiming Liu, Xiao Lu, Xiaoyang Chen, Ao Shen, Haofan Wang, Yinping Cui, Yifei Xu, Siting Li, Jian Liu, Ming Zhang, Yingying Ma, and Qi Fan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 367–395, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-367-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-367-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study aims to address these issues by evaluating eight independent biomass burning (BB) emission inventories (GFED, FINN1.5, FINN2.5 MOS, FINN2.5 MOSVIS, GFAS, FEER, QFED, and IS4FIRES) using the WRF-Chem model and analyzing their impact on aerosol optical properties (AOPs) and direct radiative forcing (DRF) during wildfire events in peninsular Southeast Asia (PSEA) that occurred in March 2019.
Alice Maison, Lya Lugon, Soo-Jin Park, Alexia Baudic, Christopher Cantrell, Florian Couvidat, Barbara D'Anna, Claudia Di Biagio, Aline Gratien, Valérie Gros, Carmen Kalalian, Julien Kammer, Vincent Michoud, Jean-Eudes Petit, Marwa Shahin, Leila Simon, Myrto Valari, Jérémy Vigneron, Andrée Tuzet, and Karine Sartelet
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2786, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2786, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents the development of a bottom-up inventory of urban-tree biogenic emissions. Emissions are computed for each tree based on their location and characteristics and are integrated in the regional air-quality model WRF-CHIMERE. The impact of these biogenic emissions on air quality is quantified for June–July 2022. Over Paris city, urban trees increase the concentrations of particulate organic matter by 4.6 %, of PM2.5 by 0.6 % and of ozone by 1.0 % on average over the two months.
Hamza Ahsan, Hailong Wang, Jingbo Wu, Mingxuan Wu, Steven J. Smith, Susanne Bauer, Harrison Suchyta, Dirk Olivié, Gunnar Myhre, Hitoshi Matsui, Huisheng Bian, Jean-François Lamarque, Ken Carslaw, Larry Horowitz, Leighton Regayre, Mian Chin, Michael Schulz, Ragnhild Bieltvedt Skeie, Toshihiko Takemura, and Vaishali Naik
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14779–14799, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14779-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14779-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We examine the impact of the assumed effective height of SO2 injection, SO2 and BC emission seasonality, and the assumed fraction of SO2 emissions injected as SO4 on climate and chemistry model results. We find that the SO2 injection height has a large impact on surface SO2 concentrations and, in some models, radiative flux. These assumptions are a
hiddensource of inter-model variability and may be leading to bias in some climate model results.
Zhen Peng, Lili Lei, Zhe-Min Tan, Meigen Zhang, Aijun Ding, and Xingxia Kou
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14505–14520, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14505-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14505-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Annual PM2.5 emissions in China consistently decreased by about 3% to 5% from 2017 to 2020 with spatial variations and seasonal dependencies. High-temporal-resolution and dynamics-based PM2.5 emission estimates provide quantitative diurnal variations for each season. Significant reductions in PM2.5 emissions in the North China Plain and northeast of China in 2020 were caused by COVID-19.
Maegan A. DeLessio, Kostas Tsigaridis, Susanne E. Bauer, Jacek Chowdhary, and Gregory L. Schuster
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2472, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2472, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents the first explicit representation of brown carbon aerosols in the GISS ModelE Earth system model (ESM). Model sensitivity to a range of brown carbon parameters, as well as model performance compared to AERONET and MODIS retrievals of total aerosol properties, was assessed. General recommendations for incorporating brown carbon into ESMs are also included.
Stylianos Kakavas, Spyros N. Pandis, and Athanasios Nenes
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13555–13564, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13555-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13555-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Water uptake from organic species in aerosol can affect the partitioning of semi-volatile inorganic compounds but are not considered in global and chemical transport models. We address this with a version of the PM-CAMx model that considers such organic water effects and use it to carry out 1-year aerosol simulations over the continental US. We show that such organic water impacts can increase dry PM1 levels by up to 2 μg m-3 when RH levels and PM1 concentrations are high.
Benjamin N. Murphy, Darrell Sonntag, Karl M. Seltzer, Havala O. T. Pye, Christine Allen, Evan Murray, Claudia Toro, Drew R. Gentner, Cheng Huang, Shantanu Jathar, Li Li, Andrew A. May, and Allen L. Robinson
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13469–13483, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13469-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13469-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We update methods for calculating organic particle and vapor emissions from mobile sources in the USA. Conventionally, particulate matter (PM) and volatile organic carbon (VOC) are speciated without consideration of primary semivolatile emissions. Our methods integrate state-of-the-science speciation profiles and correct for common artifacts when sampling emissions in a laboratory. We quantify impacts of the emission updates on ambient pollution with the Community Multiscale Air Quality model.
Yanshun Li, Randall V. Martin, Chi Li, Brian L. Boys, Aaron van Donkelaar, Jun Meng, and Jeffrey R. Pierce
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12525–12543, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12525-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12525-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We developed and evaluated processes affecting within-day (diel) variability in PM2.5 concentrations in a chemical transport model over the contiguous US. Diel variability in PM2.5 for the contiguous US is driven by early-morning accumulation into a shallow mixed layer, decreases from mid-morning through afternoon with mixed-layer growth, increases from mid-afternoon through evening as the mixed-layer collapses, and decreases overnight as emissions decrease.
Chupeng Zhang, Shangfei Hai, Yang Gao, Yuhang Wang, Shaoqing Zhang, Lifang Sheng, Bin Zhao, Shuxiao Wang, Jingkun Jiang, Xin Huang, Xiaojing Shen, Junying Sun, Aura Lupascu, Manish Shrivastava, Jerome D. Fast, Wenxuan Cheng, Xiuwen Guo, Ming Chu, Nan Ma, Juan Hong, Qiaoqiao Wang, Xiaohong Yao, and Huiwang Gao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10713–10730, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10713-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10713-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
New particle formation is an important source of atmospheric particles, exerting critical influences on global climate. Numerical models are vital tools to understanding atmospheric particle evolution, which, however, suffer from large biases in simulating particle numbers. Here we improve the model chemical processes governing particle sizes and compositions. The improved model reveals substantial contributions of newly formed particles to climate through effects on cloud condensation nuclei.
Xiaodong Xie, Jianlin Hu, Momei Qin, Song Guo, Min Hu, Dongsheng Ji, Hongli Wang, Shengrong Lou, Cheng Huang, Chong Liu, Hongliang Zhang, Qi Ying, Hong Liao, and Yuanhang Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10563–10578, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10563-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10563-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The atmospheric age of particles reflects how long particles have been formed and suspended in the atmosphere, which is closely associated with the evolution processes of particles. An analysis of the atmospheric age of PM2.5 provides a unique perspective on the evolution processes of different PM2.5 components. The results also shed lights on how to design effective emission control actions under unfavorable meteorological conditions.
Lea Fink, Matthias Karl, Volker Matthias, Sonia Oppo, Richard Kranenburg, Jeroen Kuenen, Sara Jutterström, Jana Moldanova, Elisa Majamäki, and Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10163–10189, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10163-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10163-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The Mediterranean Sea is a heavily trafficked shipping area, and air quality monitoring stations in numerous cities along the Mediterranean coast have detected high levels of air pollutants originating from shipping emissions. The current study investigates how existing restrictions on shipping-related emissions to the atmosphere ensure compliance with legislation. Focus was laid on fine particles and particle species, which were simulated with five different chemical transport models.
Lukáš Bartík, Peter Huszár, Jan Karlický, Ondřej Vlček, and Kryštof Eben
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1919, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1919, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The presented study deals with the attribution of particulate matter (PM) concentrations to anthropogenic emissions over Central Europe using regional scale models. It calculates the present-day contributions of different emissions sectors to urban concentrations of PM and their secondary components. Moreover, the study investigates the effect of chemical non-linearities by using multiple methods of source attribution and calculation of secondary organic aerosol.
Noah A. Stanton and Neil F. Tandon
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9191–9216, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9191-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9191-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Chemistry in Earth’s atmosphere has a potentially strong but very uncertain impact on climate. Past attempts to fully model chemistry in Earth’s troposphere (the lowest layer of the atmosphere) typically simplified the representation of Earth’s surface, which in turn limited the ability to simulate changes in climate. The cutting-edge model that we use in this study does not require such simplification, and we use it to examine the climate effects of chemical interactions in the troposphere.
Yiqi Zheng, Larry W. Horowitz, Raymond Menzel, David J. Paynter, Vaishali Naik, Jingyi Li, and Jingqiu Mao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8993–9007, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8993-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8993-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Biogenic secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) account for a large fraction of fine aerosol at the global scale. Using long-term measurements and a climate model, we investigate anthropogenic impacts on biogenic SOA at both decadal and centennial timescales. Results show that despite reductions in biogenic precursor emissions, SOA has been strongly amplified by anthropogenic emissions since the preindustrial era and exerts a cooling radiative forcing.
Yuyang Li, Jiewen Shen, Bin Zhao, Runlong Cai, Shuxiao Wang, Yang Gao, Manish Shrivastava, Da Gao, Jun Zheng, Markku Kulmala, and Jingkun Jiang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8789–8804, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8789-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8789-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We set up a new parameterization for 1.4 nm particle formation rates from sulfuric acid–dimethylamine (SA–DMA) nucleation, fully including the effects of coagulation scavenging and cluster stability. Incorporating the new parameterization into 3-D chemical transport models, we achieved better consistencies between simulation results and observation data. This new parameterization provides new insights into atmospheric nucleation simulations and its effects on atmospheric pollution or health.
María Gonçalves Ageitos, Vincenzo Obiso, Ron L. Miller, Oriol Jorba, Martina Klose, Matt Dawson, Yves Balkanski, Jan Perlwitz, Sara Basart, Enza Di Tomaso, Jerónimo Escribano, Francesca Macchia, Gilbert Montané, Natalie M. Mahowald, Robert O. Green, David R. Thompson, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8623–8657, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8623-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8623-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Dust aerosols affect our climate differently depending on their mineral composition. We include dust mineralogy in an atmospheric model considering two existing soil maps, which still have large associated uncertainties. The soil data and the distribution of the minerals in different aerosol sizes are key to our model performance. We find significant regional variations in climate-relevant variables, which supports including mineralogy in our current models and the need for improved soil maps.
Jianyan Lu, Sunling Gong, Jian Zhang, Jianmin Chen, Lei Zhang, and Chunhong Zhou
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8021–8037, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8021-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8021-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
WRF/CUACE was used to assess the cloud chemistry contribution in China. Firstly, the CUACE cloud chemistry scheme was found to reproduce well the cloud processing and consumption of H2O2, O3, and SO2, as well as the increase of sulfate. Secondly, during cloud availability in December under a heavy pollution episode, sulfate production increased 60–95 % and SO2 was reduced by over 80 %. This study provides a way to analyze the phenomenon of overestimation of SO2 in many chemical transport models.
Laurent Menut, Arineh Cholakian, Guillaume Siour, Rémy Lapere, Romain Pennel, Sylvain Mailler, and Bertrand Bessagnet
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7281–7296, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7281-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7281-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study is about the wildfires occurring in France during the summer 2022. We study the forest fires that took place in the Landes during the summer of 2022. We show the direct impact of these fires on the air quality, especially downstream of the smoke plume towards the Paris region. We quantify the impact of these fires on the pollutants peak concentrations and the possible exceedance of thresholds.
Hannah J. Rubin, Joshua S. Fu, Frank Dentener, Rui Li, Kan Huang, and Hongbo Fu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7091–7102, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7091-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7091-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We update the 2010 global deposition budget for nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) with new regional wet deposition measurements, improving the ensemble results of 11 global chemistry transport models from HTAP II. Our study demonstrates that a global measurement–model fusion approach can substantially improve N and S deposition model estimates at a regional scale and represents a step forward toward the WMO goal of global fusion products for accurately mapping harmful air pollution.
Chenxi Li, Yuyang Li, Xiaoxiao Li, Runlong Cai, Yaxin Fan, Xiaohui Qiao, Rujing Yin, Chao Yan, Yishuo Guo, Yongchun Liu, Jun Zheng, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Markku Kulmala, Huayun Xiao, and Jingkun Jiang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6879–6896, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6879-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6879-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
New particle formation and growth in polluted environments are not fully understood despite intensive research. We applied a cluster dynamics–multicomponent sectional model to simulate the new particle formation events observed in Beijing, China. The simulation approximately captures how the events evolve. Further diagnosis shows that the oxygenated organic molecules may have been under-detected, and modulating their abundance leads to significantly improved simulation–observation agreement.
Marianne Tronstad Lund, Gunnar Myhre, Ragnhild Bieltvedt Skeie, Bjørn Hallvard Samset, and Zbigniew Klimont
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6647–6662, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6647-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6647-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Here we show that differences, in magnitude and trend, between recent global anthropogenic emission inventories have a notable influence on simulated regional abundances of anthropogenic aerosol over the 1990–2019 period. This, in turn, affects estimates of radiative forcing. Our findings form a basis for comparing existing and upcoming studies on anthropogenic aerosols using different emission inventories.
Lei Kong, Xiao Tang, Jiang Zhu, Zifa Wang, Yele Sun, Pingqing Fu, Meng Gao, Huangjian Wu, Miaomiao Lu, Qian Wu, Shuyuan Huang, Wenxuan Sui, Jie Li, Xiaole Pan, Lin Wu, Hajime Akimoto, and Gregory R. Carmichael
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6217–6240, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6217-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6217-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A multi-air-pollutant inversion system has been developed in this study to estimate emission changes in China during COVID-19 lockdown. The results demonstrate that the lockdown is largely a nationwide road traffic control measure with NOx emissions decreasing by ~40 %. Emissions of other species only decreased by ~10 % due to smaller effects of lockdown on other sectors. Assessment results further indicate that the lockdown only had limited effects on the control of PM2.5 and O3 in China.
Ernesto Reyes-Villegas, Douglas Lowe, Jill S. Johnson, Kenneth S. Carslaw, Eoghan Darbyshire, Michael Flynn, James D. Allan, Hugh Coe, Ying Chen, Oliver Wild, Scott Archer-Nicholls, Alex Archibald, Siddhartha Singh, Manish Shrivastava, Rahul A. Zaveri, Vikas Singh, Gufran Beig, Ranjeet Sokhi, and Gordon McFiggans
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 5763–5782, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5763-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5763-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Organic aerosols (OAs), their sources and their processes remain poorly understood. The volatility basis set (VBS) approach, implemented in air quality models such as WRF-Chem, can be a useful tool to describe primary OA (POA) production and aging. However, the main disadvantage is its complexity. We used a Gaussian process simulator to reproduce model results and to estimate the sources of model uncertainty. We do this by comparing the outputs with OA observations made at Delhi, India, in 2018.
Eleftherios Ioannidis, Kathy S. Law, Jean-Christophe Raut, Louis Marelle, Tatsuo Onishi, Rachel M. Kirpes, Lucia M. Upchurch, Thomas Tuch, Alfred Wiedensohler, Andreas Massling, Henrik Skov, Patricia K. Quinn, and Kerri A. Pratt
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 5641–5678, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5641-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5641-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Remote and local anthropogenic emissions contribute to wintertime Arctic haze, with enhanced aerosol concentrations, but natural sources, which also contribute, are less well studied. Here, modelled wintertime sea-spray aerosols are improved in WRF-Chem over the wider Arctic by including updated wind speed and temperature-dependent treatments. As a result, anthropogenic nitrate aerosols are also improved. Open leads are confirmed to be the main source of sea-spray aerosols over northern Alaska.
Wenfu Tang, Simone Tilmes, David M. Lawrence, Fang Li, Cenlin He, Louisa K. Emmons, Rebecca R. Buchholz, and Lili Xia
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 5467–5486, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5467-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5467-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Globally, total wildfire burned area is projected to increase over the 21st century under scenarios without geoengineering and decrease under the two geoengineering scenarios. Geoengineering reduces fire by decreasing surface temperature and wind speed and increasing relative humidity and soil water. However, geoengineering also yields reductions in precipitation, which offset some of the fire reduction.
Havala O. T. Pye, Bryan K. Place, Benjamin N. Murphy, Karl M. Seltzer, Emma L. D'Ambro, Christine Allen, Ivan R. Piletic, Sara Farrell, Rebecca H. Schwantes, Matthew M. Coggon, Emily Saunders, Lu Xu, Golam Sarwar, William T. Hutzell, Kristen M. Foley, George Pouliot, Jesse Bash, and William R. Stockwell
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 5043–5099, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5043-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5043-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Chemical mechanisms describe how emissions from vehicles, vegetation, and other sources are chemically transformed in the atmosphere to secondary products including criteria and hazardous air pollutants. The Community Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Multiphase Mechanism integrates gas-phase radical chemistry with pathways to fine-particle mass. New species were implemented, resulting in a bottom-up representation of organic aerosol, which is required for accurate source attribution of pollutants.
Xuemei Wang, Hamish Gordon, Daniel P. Grosvenor, Meinrat O. Andreae, and Ken S. Carslaw
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4431–4461, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4431-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4431-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
New particle formation in the upper troposphere is important for the global boundary layer aerosol population, and they can be transported downward in Amazonia. We use a global and a regional model to quantify the number of aerosols that are formed at high altitude and transported downward in a 1000 km region. We find that the majority of the aerosols are from outside the region. This suggests that the 1000 km region is unlikely to be a
closed loopfor aerosol formation, transport and growth.
Shixian Zhai, Daniel J. Jacob, Drew C. Pendergrass, Nadia K. Colombi, Viral Shah, Laura Hyesung Yang, Qiang Zhang, Shuxiao Wang, Hwajin Kim, Yele Sun, Jin-Soo Choi, Jin-Soo Park, Gan Luo, Fangqun Yu, Jung-Hun Woo, Younha Kim, Jack E. Dibb, Taehyoung Lee, Jin-Seok Han, Bruce E. Anderson, Ke Li, and Hong Liao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4271–4281, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4271-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4271-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Anthropogenic fugitive dust in East Asia not only causes severe coarse particulate matter air pollution problems, but also affects fine particulate nitrate. Due to emission control efforts, coarse PM decreased steadily. We find that the decrease of coarse PM is a major driver for a lack of decrease of fine particulate nitrate, as it allows more nitric acid to form fine particulate nitrate. The continuing decrease of coarse PM requires more stringent ammonia and nitrogen oxides emission controls.
Jun-Wei Xu, Jintai Lin, Gan Luo, Jamiu Adeniran, and Hao Kong
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4149–4163, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4149-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4149-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Research on the sources of Chinese PM2.5 pollution has focused on the contributions of China’s domestic emissions. However, the impact of foreign anthropogenic emissions has typically been simplified or neglected. Here we find that foreign anthropogenic emissions play an important role in Chinese PM2.5 pollution through chemical interactions between foreign-transported pollutants and China’s local emissions. Thus, foreign emission reductions are essential for improving Chinese air quality.
Kun Wang, Xiaoyan Ma, Rong Tian, and Fangqun Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4091–4104, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4091-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4091-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
From 12 March to 6 April 2016 in Beijing, there were 11 typical new particle formation days, 13 non-event days, and 2 undefined days. We first analyzed the favorable background of new particle formation in Beijing and then conducted the simulations using four nucleation schemes based on a global chemistry transport model (GEOS-Chem) to understand the nucleation mechanism.
Arineh Cholakian, Matthias Beekmann, Guillaume Siour, Isabelle Coll, Manuela Cirtog, Elena Ormeño, Pierre-Marie Flaud, Emilie Perraudin, and Eric Villenave
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3679–3706, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3679-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3679-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This article revolves around the simulation of biogenic secondary organic aerosols in the Landes forest (southwestern France). Several sensitivity cases involving biogenic emission factors, land cover data, anthropogenic emissions, and physical or meteorological parameters were performed and each compared to measurements both in the forest canopy and around the forest. The chemistry behind the formation of these aerosols and their production and transport in the forest canopy is discussed.
Marina Liaskoni, Peter Huszar, Lukáš Bartík, Alvaro Patricio Prieto Perez, Jan Karlický, and Ondřej Vlček
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3629–3654, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3629-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3629-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Wind-blown dust (WBD) emissions emitted from European soils are estimated for the 2007–2016 period, and their impact on the total particulate matter (PM) concentration is calculated. We found a considerable increase in PM concentrations due to such emissions, especially on selected days (rather than on a seasonal average). We also found that WBD emissions are strongest over western Europe, and the highest impacts on PM are calculated for this region.
Yunyao Li, Daniel Tong, Siqi Ma, Saulo R. Freitas, Ravan Ahmadov, Mikhail Sofiev, Xiaoyang Zhang, Shobha Kondragunta, Ralph Kahn, Youhua Tang, Barry Baker, Patrick Campbell, Rick Saylor, Georg Grell, and Fangjun Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3083–3101, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3083-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3083-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Plume height is important in wildfire smoke dispersion and affects air quality and human health. We assess the impact of plume height on wildfire smoke dispersion and the exceedances of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. A higher plume height predicts lower pollution near the source region, but higher pollution in downwind regions, due to the faster spread of the smoke once ejected, affects pollution exceedance forecasts and the early warning of extreme air pollution events.
Yunfan Liu, Hang Su, Siwen Wang, Chao Wei, Wei Tao, Mira L. Pöhlker, Christopher Pöhlker, Bruna A. Holanda, Ovid O. Krüger, Thorsten Hoffmann, Manfred Wendisch, Paulo Artaxo, Ulrich Pöschl, Meinrat O. Andreae, and Yafang Cheng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 251–272, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-251-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-251-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The origins of the abundant cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in the upper troposphere (UT) of the Amazon remain unclear. With model developments of new secondary organic aerosol schemes and constrained by observation, we show that strong aerosol nucleation and condensation in the UT is triggered by biogenic organics, and organic condensation is key for UT CCN production. This UT CCN-producing mechanism may prevail over broader vegetation canopies and deserves emphasis in aerosol–climate feedback.
Cited articles
Abdi-Oskouei, M., Pfister, G., Flocke, F., Sobhani, N., Saide, P., Fried, A.,
Richter, D., Weibring, P., Walega, J., and Carmichael, G.: Impacts of
physical parameterization on prediction of ethane concentrations for oil and
gas emissions in WRF-Chem, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 16863–16883,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-16863-2018, 2018.
Adhikary, B., Carmichael, G. R., Tang, Y., Leung, L. R., Qian, Y., Schauer,
J. J., Stone, E. A., Ramanathan, V., and Ramana, M. V: Characterization of
the seasonal cycle of south Asian aerosols: A regional-scale modeling
analysis, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D22S22, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006jd008143, 2007.
Adhikary, B., Carmichael, G. R., Kulkarni, S., Wei, C., Tang, Y., D'Allura,
A., Mena-Carrasco, M., Streets, D. G., Zhang, Q., Pierce, R. B., Al-Saadi, J.
A., Emmons, L. K., Pfister, G. G., Avery, M. A., Barrick, J. D., Blake, D.
R., Brune, W. H., Cohen, R. C., Dibb, J. E., Fried, A., Heikes, B. G., Huey,
L. G., O'Sullivan, D. W., Sachse, G. W., Shetter, R. E., Singh, H. B.,
Campos, T. L., Cantrell, C. A., Flocke, F. M., Dunlea, E. J., Jiménez, J.
L., Weinheimer, A. J., Crounse, J. D., Wennberg, P. O., Schauer, J. J.,
Stone, E. A., Jaffé, D. A., and Reidmiller, D. R.: A regional scale
modeling analysis of aerosol and trace gas distributions over the eastern
Pacific during the INTEX-B field campaign, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10,
2091–2115, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-2091-2010, 2010.
AMAP: Arctic Climate Issues 2011: Changes in Arctic Snow, Water, Ice and
Permafrost, Oslo, Norway, xi, 97 pp., 2011a.
AMAP: The Impact of Black Carbon on Arctic Climate, edited by: Quinn, P. K.,
Stohl, A., Arneth, A., Berntsen, T., Burkhart, J. F., Christensen, J.,
Flanner, M., Kupiainen, K., Lihavainen, H., Shepherd, M., Shevchenko, V.,
Skov, H., and Vestreng, V., in: Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme
(AMAP), Oslo, Norway, 72 pp., 2011b.
AMAP: AMAP Assessment 2015: Black carbon and ozone as Arctic climate
forcers, Oslo, Norway, 2015.
Barrie, L. A.: Arctic air pollution: an overview of current knowledge,
Atmos. Environ., 20, 643–663, 1986.
Barrie, L. A. and Hoff, R. M.: Five years of air chemistry observations in
the Canadian Arctic, Atmos. Environ., 19, 1995–2010, 1985.
Barrie, L. A., Hoff, R. M., and Daggupaty, S. M.: The influence of
mid-latitudinal pollution sources on haze in the Canadian arctic, Atmos.
Environ., 15, 1407–1419,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(81)90347-4, 1981.
Bian, H., Colarco, P. R., Chin, M., Chen, G., Rodriguez, J. M., Liang, Q.,
Blake, D., Chu, D. A., da Silva, A., Darmenov, A. S., Diskin, G., Fuelberg,
H. E., Huey, G., Kondo, Y., Nielsen, J. E., Pan, X., and Wisthaler, A.:
Source attributions of pollution to the Western Arctic during the NASA ARCTAS
field campaign, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 4707–4721,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-4707-2013, 2013.
Bodhaine, B. A.: Barrow surface aerosol: 1976–1986, Atmos. Environ.,
23, 2357–2369, https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(89)90249-7, 1989.
Bodhaine, B. A.: Aerosol absorption measurements at Barrow, Mauna Loa and
the south pole, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 100, 8967–8975, 1995.
Bond, T. C. and Bergstrom, R. W.: Light absorption by carbonaceous
particles: An investigative review, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 40, 27–67,
2006.
Bond, T. C. and Sun, H.: Can reducing black carbon emissions counteract
global warming?, Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 5921–5926,
2005.
Bond, T. C., Anderson, T. L., and Campbell, D.: Calibration and
Intercomparison of Filter-Based Measurements of Visible Light Absorption by
Aerosols, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 30, 582–600,
https://doi.org/10.1080/027868299304435, 1999.
Bond, T. C., Doherty, S. J., Fahey, D. W., Forster, P. M., Berntsen, T.,
DeAngelo, B. J., Flanner, M. G., Ghan, S., Kärcher, B., Koch, D., Kinne,
S., Kondo, Y., Quinn, P. K., Sarofim, M. C., Schultz, M. G., Schulz, M.,
Venkataraman, C., Zhang, H., Zhang, S., Bellouin, N., Guttikunda, S. K.,
Hopke, P. K., Jacobson, M. Z., Kaiser, J. W., Klimont, Z., Lohmann, U.,
Schwarz, J. P., Shindell, D., Storelvmo, T., Warren, S. G., and Zender, C.
S.: Bounding the role of black carbon in the climate system: A scientific
assessment, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 118, 5380–5552,
https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50171, 2013.
Bourgeois, Q. and Bey, I.: Pollution transport efficiency toward the Arctic:
Sensitivity to aerosol scavenging and source regions, J. Geophys. Res., 116,
D08213, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD015096, 2011.
Breider, T. J., Mickley, L. J., Jacob, D. J., Wang, Q., Fisher, J. A.,
Chang, R. Y.-W., and Alexander, B.: Annual distributions and sources of
Arctic aerosol components, aerosol optical depth, and aerosol absorption, J.
Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 119, 4107–4124, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JD020996, 2014.
Brock, C. A., Cozic, J., Bahreini, R., Froyd, K. D., Middlebrook, A. M.,
McComiskey, A., Brioude, J., Cooper, O. R., Stohl, A., Aikin, K. C., de Gouw,
J. A., Fahey, D. W., Ferrare, R. A., Gao, R.-S., Gore, W., Holloway, J. S.,
Hübler, G., Jefferson, A., Lack, D. A., Lance, S., Moore, R. H., Murphy,
D. M., Nenes, A., Novelli, P. C., Nowak, J. B., Ogren, J. A., Peischl, J.,
Pierce, R. B., Pilewskie, P., Quinn, P. K., Ryerson, T. B., Schmidt, K. S.,
Schwarz, J. P., Sodemann, H., Spackman, J. R., Stark, H., Thomson, D. S.,
Thornberry, T., Veres, P., Watts, L. A., Warneke, C., and Wollny, A. G.:
Characteristics, sources, and transport of aerosols measured in spring 2008
during the aerosol, radiation, and cloud processes affecting Arctic Climate
(ARCPAC) Project, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 2423–2453,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-2423-2011, 2011.
Browse, J., Carslaw, K. S., Arnold, S. R., Pringle, K., and Boucher, O.: The
scavenging processes controlling the seasonal cycle in Arctic sulphate and
black carbon aerosol, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 6775–6798,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-6775-2012, 2012.
Carmichael, G. R. and Peters, L. K.: An Eulerian
transport/transformation/removal model for SO2 and sulfate – I.
Model development, Atmos. Environ., 18, 937–951,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(84)90070-2, 1984.
Carmichael, G. R. and Peters, L. K.: A second generation model for
regional-scale transport/chemistry/deposition, Atmos. Environ., 20,
173–188, https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(86)90218-0, 1986.
Chin, M., Diehl, T., Ginoux, P., and Malm, W.: Intercontinental transport of
pollution and dust aerosols: implications for regional air quality, Atmos.
Chem. Phys., 7, 5501–5517, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-5501-2007, 2007.
Clarke, A. D. and Noone, K. J.: Soot in the Arctic snowpack: a cause for
perturbations in radiative transfer, Atmos. Environ., 19, 2045–2053,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(85)90113-1, 1985.
Cohen, J. L., Furtado, J. C., Barlow, M. A., Alexeev, V. A., and Cherry, J.
E.: Arctic warming, increasing snow cover and widespread boreal winter
cooling, Environ. Res. Lett., 7, 14007, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/7/1/014007,
2012.
Cooke, W. F. and Wilson, J. J. N.: A global black carbon aerosol model, J.
Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 101, 19395–19409, https://doi.org/10.1029/96JD00671, 1996.
D'Allura, A., Kulkarni, S., Carmichael, G. R., Finardi, S., Adhikary, B.,
Wei, C., Streets, D., Zhang, Q., Pierce, R. B., Al-Saadi, J. A., Diskin, G.,
and Wennberg, P.: Meteorological and air quality forecasting using the
WRF–STEM model during the 2008 ARCTAS field campaign, Atmos. Environ., 45,
6901–6910, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.02.073, 2011.
Delene, D. J. and Ogren, J. A.: Variability of Aerosol Optical Properties at
Four North American Surface Monitoring Sites, J. Atmos. Sci., 59,
1135–1150, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(2002)059<1135:VOAOPA>2.0.CO;2, 2002.
Eckhardt, S., Quennehen, B., Olivié, D. J. L., Berntsen, T. K., Cherian,
R., Christensen, J. H., Collins, W., Crepinsek, S., Daskalakis, N., Flanner,
M., Herber, A., Heyes, C., Hodnebrog, Ø., Huang, L., Kanakidou, M.,
Klimont, Z., Langner, J., Law, K. S., Lund, M. T., Mahmood, R., Massling, A.,
Myriokefalitakis, S., Nielsen, I. E., Nøjgaard, J. K., Quaas, J., Quinn,
P. K., Raut, J.-C., Rumbold, S. T., Schulz, M., Sharma, S., Skeie, R. B.,
Skov, H., Uttal, T., von Salzen, K., and Stohl, A.: Current model
capabilities for simulating black carbon and sulfate concentrations in the
Arctic atmosphere: a multi-model evaluation using a comprehensive measurement
data set, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 9413–9433,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-9413-2015, 2015.
Fisher, J. A., Jacob, D. J., Purdy, M. T., Kopacz, M., Le Sager, P., Carouge,
C., Holmes, C. D., Yantosca, R. M., Batchelor, R. L., Strong, K., Diskin, G.
S., Fuelberg, H. E., Holloway, J. S., Hyer, E. J., McMillan, W. W., Warner,
J., Streets, D. G., Zhang, Q., Wang, Y., and Wu, S.: Source attribution and
interannual variability of Arctic pollution in spring constrained by aircraft
(ARCTAS, ARCPAC) and satellite (AIRS) observations of carbon monoxide, Atmos.
Chem. Phys., 10, 977–996, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-977-2010, 2010.
Fisher, J. A., Jacob, D. J., Wang, Q., Bahreini, R., Carouge, C. C., Cubison,
M. J., Dibb, J. E., Diehl, T., Jimenez, J. L. and Leibensperger, E. M.:
Sources, distribution, and acidity of sulfate–ammonium aerosol in the Arctic
in winter–spring, Atmos. Environ., 45, 7301–7318, 2011.
Flanner, M. G., Zender, C. S., Randerson, J. T., and Rasch, P. J.:
Present-day climate forcing and response from black carbon in snow, J.
Geophys. Res., 112, D11202, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD008003, 2007.
Forster, P., Ramaswamy, V., Artaxo, P., Berntsen, T., Betts, R., Fahey, D.
W., Haywood, J., Lean, J., Lowe, D. C., Myhre, G., Nganga, J., Prinn, R.,
Raga, G., Schulz, M., and Van Dorland, R.: 2007: Changes in Atmospheric
Constituents and in Radiative Forcing. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical
Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment
Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by: Solomon,
S. and Qin, D., Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, 2007.
Fuelberg, H. E., Harrigan, D. L., and Sessions, W.: A meteorological overview
of the ARCTAS 2008 mission, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 817-842,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-817-2010, 2010.
Garrett, T. J., Zhao, C., and Novelli, P. C.: Assessing the relative
contributions of transport efficiency and scavenging to seasonal variability
in Arctic aerosol, Tellus B, 62, 190–196,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2010.00453.x, 2010.
Garrett, T. J., Brattström, S., Sharma, S., Worthy, D. E. J., and
Novelli, P.: The role of scavenging in the seasonal transport of black carbon
and sulfate to the Arctic, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L16805,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL048221, 2011.
Hansen, J. and Nazarenko, L.: Soot climate forcing via snow and ice albedos,
P. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 101, 423–428, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2237157100, 2004.
Hansen, J. E. and Sato, M.: Trends of measured climate forcing agents, P.
Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 98, 14778–14783, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.261553698, 2001.
Hirdman, D., Burkhart, J. F., Sodemann, H., Eckhardt, S., Jefferson, A.,
Quinn, P. K., Sharma, S., Ström, J., and Stohl, A.: Long-term trends of
black carbon and sulphate aerosol in the Arctic: changes in atmospheric
transport and source region emissions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 9351–9368,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-9351-2010, 2010a.
Hirdman, D., Sodemann, H., Eckhardt, S., Burkhart, J. F., Jefferson, A.,
Mefford, T., Quinn, P. K., Sharma, S., Ström, J., and Stohl, A.: Source
identification of short-lived air pollutants in the Arctic using statistical
analysis of measurement data and particle dispersion model output, Atmos.
Chem. Phys., 10, 669–693, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-669-2010, 2010b.
Huang, K., Fu, J. S., Hodson, E. L., Dong, X., Cresko, J., Prikhodko, V. Y.,
Storey, J. M., and Cheng, M.-D.: Identification of missing anthropogenic
emission sources in Russia: Implication for modeling Arctic haze, Aerosol Air
Qual. Res., 14, 1799–1811, 2014.
Huang, K., Fu, J. S., Prikhodko, V. Y., Storey, J. M., Romanov, A., Hodson,
E. L., Cresko, J., Morozova, I., Ignatieva, Y., and Cabaniss, J.: Russian
anthropogenic black carbon: Emission reconstruction and Arctic black carbon
simulation, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 120, 11306–11333,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD023358, 2015.
Ikeda, K., Tanimoto, H., Sugita, T., Akiyoshi, H., Kanaya, Y., Zhu, C., and
Taketani, F.: Tagged tracer simulations of black carbon in the Arctic:
transport, source contributions, and budget, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17,
10515–10533, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10515-2017, 2017.
IPCC: Climate Change 2013: the physical science basis: Working Group I
contribution to the Fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change, edited by: Stocker, T. F., Qin, D., Plattner, G.-K., Tignor,
M., Allen, S. K., Boschung, J., Nauels, A., Xia, Y. V., Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge, 1535 pp., 2013.
Jacob, D. J., Crawford, J. H., Maring, H., Clarke, A. D., Dibb, J. E.,
Emmons, L. K., Ferrare, R. A., Hostetler, C. A., Russell, P. B., Singh, H.
B., Thompson, A. M., Shaw, G. E., McCauley, E., Pederson, J. R., and Fisher,
J. A.: The Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from
Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS) mission: design, execution, and first
results, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 5191–5212,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-5191-2010, 2010.
Jacobson, M. Z.: Control of fossil-fuel particulate black carbon plus organic
matter, possibly the most effective method of slowing global warming, J.
Geophys. Res., 107, 4410, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001376, 2002.
Janssens-Maenhout, G., Crippa, M., Guizzardi, D., Dentener, F., Muntean, M.,
Pouliot, G., Keating, T., Zhang, Q., Kurokawa, J., Wankmüller, R., Denier
van der Gon, H., Kuenen, J. J. P., Klimont, Z., Frost, G., Darras, S., Koffi,
B., and Li, M.: HTAP_v2.2: a mosaic of regional and global emission grid
maps for 2008 and 2010 to study hemispheric transport of air pollution,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 11411–11432,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-11411-2015, 2015.
Jiao, C., Flanner, M. G., Balkanski, Y., Bauer, S. E., Bellouin, N.,
Berntsen, T. K., Bian, H., Carslaw, K. S., Chin, M., De Luca, N., Diehl, T.,
Ghan, S. J., Iversen, T., Kirkevåg, A., Koch, D., Liu, X., Mann, G. W.,
Penner, J. E., Pitari, G., Schulz, M., Seland, Ø., Skeie, R. B., Steenrod,
S. D., Stier, P., Takemura, T., Tsigaridis, K., van Noije, T., Yun, Y., and
Zhang, K.: An AeroCom assessment of black carbon in Arctic snow and sea ice,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 2399–2417, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-2399-2014,
2014.
Koch, D. and Hansen, J.: Distant origins of Arctic black carbon: A Goddard
Institute for Space Studies ModelE experiment, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D04204,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD005296, 2005.
Koch, D., Bond, T. C., Streets, D., Unger, N., and van der Werf, G. R.:
Global impacts of aerosols from particular source regions and sectors, J.
Geophys. Res., 112, D02205, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD007024, 2007.
Koch, D., Schulz, M., Kinne, S., McNaughton, C., Spackman, J. R., Balkanski,
Y., Bauer, S., Berntsen, T., Bond, T. C., Boucher, O., Chin, M., Clarke, A.,
De Luca, N., Dentener, F., Diehl, T., Dubovik, O., Easter, R., Fahey, D. W.,
Feichter, J., Fillmore, D., Freitag, S., Ghan, S., Ginoux, P., Gong, S.,
Horowitz, L., Iversen, T., Kirkevåg, A., Klimont, Z., Kondo, Y., Krol,
M., Liu, X., Miller, R., Montanaro, V., Moteki, N., Myhre, G., Penner, J. E.,
Perlwitz, J., Pitari, G., Reddy, S., Sahu, L., Sakamoto, H., Schuster, G.,
Schwarz, J. P., Seland, Ø., Stier, P., Takegawa, N., Takemura, T., Textor,
C., van Aardenne, J. A., and Zhao, Y.: Evaluation of black carbon estimations
in global aerosol models, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 9001–9026,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-9001-2009, 2009.
Kondo, Y., Matsui, H., Moteki, N., Sahu, L., Takegawa, N., Kajino, M., Zhao,
Y., Cubison, M. J., Jimenez, J. L., Vay, S., Diskin, G. S., Anderson, B.,
Wisthaler, A., Mikoviny, T., Fuelberg, H. E., Blake, D. R., Huey, G.,
Weinheimer, A. J., Knapp, D. J., and Brune, W. H.: Emissions of black carbon,
organic, and inorganic aerosols from biomass burning in North America and
Asia in 2008, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 116, D08204,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD015152, 2011.
Kulkarni, S., ”Assessment of source-receptor relationships of aerosols: an
integrated forward and backward modeling approach, PhD thesis, University of
Iowa, https://doi.org/10.17077/etd.bxnc1m5k, 2009.
Kulkarni, S., Sobhani, N., Miller-Schulze, J. P., Shafer, M. M., Schauer, J.
J., Solomon, P. A., Saide, P. E., Spak, S. N., Cheng, Y. F., Denier van der
Gon, H. A. C., Lu, Z., Streets, D. G., Janssens-Maenhout, G., Wiedinmyer, C.,
Lantz, J., Artamonova, M., Chen, B., Imashev, S., Sverdlik, L., Deminter, J.
T., Adhikary, B., D'Allura, A., Wei, C., and Carmichael, G. R.: Source sector
and region contributions to BC and PM2.5 in Central Asia, Atmos. Chem.
Phys., 15, 1683–1705, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1683-2015, 2015.
Law, K. S. and Stohl, A.: Arctic air pollution: origins and impacts, Science,
315, 1537–1540, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1137695, 2007.
Law, K. S., Stohl, A., Quinn, P. K., Brock, C. A., Burkhart, J. F., Paris,
J.-D., Ancellet, G., Singh, H. B., Roiger, A., Schlager, H., Dibb, J., Jacob,
D. J., Arnold, S. R., Pelon, J., and Thomas, J. L.: Arctic Air Pollution: New
Insights from POLARCAT-IPY, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 95, 1873–1895,
https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00017.1, 2014.
Law, K. S., Roiger, A., Thomas, J. L., Marelle, L., Raut, J.-C., Dalsøren,
S., Fuglestvedt, J., Tuccella, P., Weinzierl, B., and Schlager, H.: Local
Arctic air pollution: Sources and impacts, Ambio, 46, 453–463,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-017-0962-2, 2017.
Li, M., Zhang, Q., Kurokawa, J.-I., Woo, J.-H., He, K., Lu, Z., Ohara, T.,
Song, Y., Streets, D. G., Carmichael, G. R., Cheng, Y., Hong, C., Huo, H.,
Jiang, X., Kang, S., Liu, F., Su, H., and Zheng, B.: MIX: a mosaic Asian
anthropogenic emission inventory under the international collaboration
framework of the MICS-Asia and HTAP, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 935–963,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-935-2017, 2017.
Liousse, C., Penner, J. E., Chuang, C., Walton, J. J., Eddleman, H., and
Cachier, H.: A global three-dimensional model study of carbonaceous aerosols,
J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 101, 19411–19432, https://doi.org/10.1029/95JD03426, 1996.
Liu, D., Quennehen, B., Darbyshire, E., Allan, J. D., Williams, P. I.,
Taylor, J. W., Bauguitte, S. J.-B., Flynn, M. J., Lowe, D., Gallagher, M. W.,
Bower, K. N., Choularton, T. W., and Coe, H.: The importance of Asia as a
source of black carbon to the European Arctic during springtime 2013, Atmos.
Chem. Phys., 15, 11537–11555, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-11537-2015,
2015.
Liu, J., Fan, S., Horowitz, L. W., and Levy, H.: Evaluation of factors
controlling long-range transport of black carbon to the Arctic, J. Geophys.
Res., 116, D04307, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD015145, 2011.
Lu, Z., Zhang, Q., and Streets, D. G.: Sulfur dioxide and primary
carbonaceous aerosol emissions in China and India, 1996–2010, Atmos. Chem.
Phys., 11, 9839–9864, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-9839-2011, 2011.
Mahmood, R., Salzen, K., Flanner, M., Sand, M., Langner, J., Wang, H., and
Huang, L.: Seasonality of global and Arctic black carbon processes in the
Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme models, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.,
121, 7100–7116, 2016.
Marelle, L., Thomas, J. L., Raut, J.-C., Law, K. S., Jalkanen, J.-P.,
Johansson, L., Roiger, A., Schlager, H., Kim, J., Reiter, A., and Weinzierl,
B.: Air quality and radiative impacts of Arctic shipping emissions in the
summertime in northern Norway: from the local to the regional scale, Atmos.
Chem. Phys., 16, 2359–2379, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-2359-2016, 2016.
Marelle, L., Raut, J.-C., Law, K. S., Berg, L. K., Fast, J. D., Easter, R.
C., Shrivastava, M., and Thomas, J. L.: Improvements to the WRF-Chem 3.5.1
model for quasi-hemispheric simulations of aerosols and ozone in the Arctic,
Geosci. Model Dev., 10, 3661–3677, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-3661-2017, 2017.
Matsui, H., Kondo, Y., Moteki, N., Takegawa, N., Sahu, L. K., Zhao, Y.,
Fuelberg, H. E., Sessions, W. R., Diskin, G., Blake, D. R., Wisthaler, A.,
and Koike, M.: Seasonal variation of the transport of black carbon aerosol
from the Asian continent to the Arctic during the ARCTAS aircraft campaign,
J. Geophys. Res., 116, D05202, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD015067, 2011.
McConnell, J. R.: 20th-century industrial black carbon emissions altered
arctic climate forcing, Science, 317, 1381–1384,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1144856, 2007.
McNaughton, C. S., Clarke, A. D., Freitag, S., Kapustin, V. N., Kondo, Y.,
Moteki, N., Sahu, L., Takegawa, N., Schwarz, J. P., Spackman, J. R., Watts,
L., Diskin, G., Podolske, J., Holloway, J. S., Wisthaler, A., Mikoviny, T.,
de Gouw, J., Warneke, C., Jimenez, J., Cubison, M., Howell, S. G.,
Middlebrook, A., Bahreini, R., Anderson, B. E., Winstead, E., Thornhill, K.
L., Lack, D., Cozic, J., and Brock, C. A.: Absorbing aerosol in the
troposphere of the Western Arctic during the 2008 ARCTAS/ARCPAC airborne
field campaigns, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 7561–7582,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-7561-2011, 2011.
Qi, L., Li, Q., Li, Y., and He, C.: Factors controlling black carbon
distribution in the Arctic, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 1037–1059,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-1037-2017, 2017a.
Qi, L., Li, Q., Henze, D. K., Tseng, H.-L., and He, C.: Sources of
springtime surface black carbon in the Arctic: an adjoint analysis
for April 2008, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 9697–9716,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-9697-2017, 2017b.
Quinn, P. K., Coffman, D. J., Kapustin, V. N., Bates, T. S., and Covert, D.
S.: Aerosol optical properties in the marine boundary layer during the First
Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1) and the underlying chemical and
physical aerosol properties, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 103,
16547–16563, 1998.
Quinn, P. K., Bates, T. S., Miller, T. L., Coffman, D. J., Johnson, J. E.,
Harris, J. M., Ogren, J. A., Forbes, G., Anderson, T. L., and Covert, D. S.:
Surface submicron aerosol chemical composition: What fraction is not
sulfate?, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 105, 6785–6805, 2000.
Quinn, P. K., Miller, T. L., Bates, T. S., Ogren, J. A., Andrews, E., and
Shaw, G. E.: A 3-year record of simultaneously measured aerosol chemical and
optical properties at Barrow, Alaska, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 107, 4130,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001248, 2002.
Quinn, P. K., Shaw, G., Aandrews, E., Dutton, E. G., Ruoho-Airola, T., and
Gong, S. L.: Arctic haze: current trends and knowledge gaps, Tellus B,
59, 99–114, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2006.00238.x, 2007.
Quinn, P. K., Bates, T. S., Baum, E., Doubleday, N., Fiore, A. M., Flanner,
M., Fridlind, A., Garrett, T. J., Koch, D., Menon, S., Shindell, D., Stohl,
A., and Warren, S. G.: Short-lived pollutants in the Arctic: their climate
impact and possible mitigation strategies, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8,
1723–1735, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-1723-2008, 2008.
Raatz, W. E. and Shaw, G. E.: Long-range tropospheric transport of pollution
aerosols into the Alaskan Arctic, J. Clim. Appl. Meteorol., 23,
1052–1064, 1984.
Ramanathan, V. and Carmichael, G.: Global and regional climate changes due
to black carbon, Nat. Geosci., 1, 221–227, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo156, 2008.
Rosen, H., Novakov, T., and Bodhaine, B. A.: Soot in the Arctic, Atmos.
Environ., 15, 1371–1374, https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(81)90343-7, 1981.
Sand, M., Berntsen, T. K., von Salzen, K., Flanner, M. G., Langner, J., and
Victor, D. G.: Response of Arctic temperature to changes in emissions of
short-lived climate forcers, Nat. Clim. Change, 6, 286–289, 2016.
Schmale, J., Schneider, J., Ancellet, G., Quennehen, B., Stohl, A.,
Sodemann, H., Burkhart, J. F., Hamburger, T., Arnold, S. R., Schwarzenboeck,
A., Borrmann, S., and Law, K. S.: Source identification and airborne chemical
characterisation of aerosol pollution from long-range transport over
Greenland during POLARCAT summer campaign 2008, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11,
10097–10123, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-10097-2011, 2011.
Schnell, R. C.: Arctic haze and the Arctic Gas and Aerosol Sampling Program
(AGASP), Geophys. Res. Lett., 11, 361–364, https://doi.org/10.1029/GL011i005p00361,
1984.
Screen, J. A. and Simmonds, I.: The central role of diminishing sea ice in
recent Arctic temperature amplification, Nature, 464, 1334–1337,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09051, 2010.
Sharma, S., Brook, J. R., Cachier, H., Chow, J., Gaudenzi, A., and Lu, G.:
Light absorption and thermal measurements of black carbon in different
regions of Canada, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 107, AAC 11-1–AAC 11-11,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002496, 2002.
Sharma, S., Lavoué, D., Cachier, H., Barrie, L. A., and Gong, S. L.:
Long-term trends of the black carbon concentrations in the Canadian Arctic,
J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 109, D15203, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD004331, 2004.
Sharma, S., Ishizawa, M., Chan, D., Lavoué, D., Andrews, E.,
Eleftheriadis, K., and Maksyutov, S.: 16-year simulation of Arctic black
carbon: Transport, source contribution, and sensitivity analysis on
deposition, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 118, 943–964,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD017774, 2013.
Sharma, S., Leaitch, W. R., Huang, L., Veber, D., Kolonjari, F., Zhang, W.,
Hanna, S. J., Bertram, A. K., and Ogren, J. A.: An evaluation of three
methods for measuring black carbon in Alert, Canada, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17,
15225–15243, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-15225-2017, 2017.
Shaw, G. E.: The Arctic haze phenomenon, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 76,
2403–2413, 1995.
Shindell, D. T., Chin, M., Dentener, F., Doherty, R. M., Faluvegi, G., Fiore,
A. M., Hess, P., Koch, D. M., MacKenzie, I. A., Sanderson, M. G., Schultz, M.
G., Schulz, M., Stevenson, D. S., Teich, H., Textor, C., Wild, O., Bergmann,
D. J., Bey, I., Bian, H., Cuvelier, C., Duncan, B. N., Folberth, G.,
Horowitz, L. W., Jonson, J., Kaminski, J. W., Marmer, E., Park, R., Pringle,
K. J., Schroeder, S., Szopa, S., Takemura, T., Zeng, G., Keating, T. J., and
Zuber, A.: A multi-model assessment of pollution transport to the Arctic,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 5353–5372, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-5353-2008,
2008.
Sinha, P. R., Kondo, Y., Koike, M., Ogren, J. A., Jefferson, A., Barrett, T.
E., Sheesley, R. J., Ohata, S., Moteki, N., Coe, H., Liu, D., Irwin, M.,
Tunved, P., Quinn, P. K., and Zhao, Y.: Evaluation of ground-based black
carbon measurements by filter-based photometers at two Arctic sites, J.
Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 122, 3544–3572, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025843, 2017.
Sirois, A. and Barrie, L. A.: Arctic lower tropospheric aerosol trends and
composition at Alert, Canada: 1980–1995, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 104,
11599–11618, 1999.
Skamarock, W. C., Klemp, J. B., Dudhia, J., Gill, D. O., Barker, D. M., Duda,
M. G., Huang, X.-Y., Wang, W., and Powers, J. G.: A Description of the
Advanced Research WRF Version 3, NCAR Technical Note NCAR/TN-475+STR, 2008.
Sobhani, N.: Applications, Performance Analysis, and Optimization of Weather
and Air Quality Models, PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) thesis, University of
Iowa, https://doi.org/10.17077/etd.gzcokjty, 2017.
Spackman, J. R., Gao, R. S., Neff, W. D., Schwarz, J. P., Watts, L. A.,
Fahey, D. W., Holloway, J. S., Ryerson, T. B., Peischl, J., and Brock, C. A.:
Aircraft observations of enhancement and depletion of black carbon mass in
the springtime Arctic, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 9667–9680,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-9667-2010, 2010.
Stohl, A.: Characteristics of atmospheric transport into the Arctic
troposphere, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D11306, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006888, 2006.
Stohl, A., Klimont, Z., Eckhardt, S., Kupiainen, K., Shevchenko, V. P.,
Kopeikin, V. M., and Novigatsky, A. N.: Black carbon in the Arctic: the
underestimated role of gas flaring and residential combustion emissions,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 8833–8855, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-8833-2013, 2013.
Stohl, A., Andrews, E., Burkhart, J. F., Forster, C., Herber, A., Hoch, S.
W., Kowal, D., Lunder, C., Mefford, T., Ogren, J. A., Sharma, S.,
Spichtinger, N., Stebel, K., Stone, R., Ström, J., Tørseth, K.,
Wehrli, C., and Yttri, K. E.: Pan-Arctic enhancements of light absorbing
aerosol concentrations due to North American boreal forest fires during
summer 2004, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 111, 1–20, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007216,
2006.
Streets, D. G., Yan, F., Chin, M., Diehl, T., Mahowald, N., Schultz, M.,
Wild, M., Wu, Y., and Yu, C.: Anthropogenic and natural contributions to
regional trends in aerosol optical depth, 1980–2006, J. Geophys.
Res.-Atmos., 114, D00D18, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JD011624, 2009.
Tang, Y., Carmichael, G. R., Seinfeld, J. H., Dabdub, D., Weber, R. J.,
Huebert, B., Clarke, A. D., Guazzotti, S. A., Sodeman, D. A., and Prather, K.
A.: Three-dimensional simulations of inorganic aerosol distributions in east
Asia during spring 2001, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 109, D19S23,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD004201, 2004.
Tang, Y., Carmichael, G. R., Thongboonchoo, N., Chai, T., Horowitz, L. W.,
Pierce, R. B., Al-Saadi, J. A., Pfister, G., Vukovich, J. M., and Avery, M.
A.: Influence of lateral and top boundary conditions on regional air quality
prediction: A multiscale study coupling regional and global chemical
transport models, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 112, D10S18, 2007.
Uno I., Carmichael, G. R., Streets, D. G., Tang, Y., Yienger, J. J., Satake,
S., Wang, Z., Woo, J.-H., Guttikunda, S., Uematsu, M., Matsumoto, K.,
Tanimoto, H., Yoshioka, K., and Iida, T.: Regional chemical weather
forecasting system CFORS: Model descriptions and analysis of surface
observations at Japanese island stations during the ACE-Asia experiment, J.
Geophys. Res., 108, 8668, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD002845, 2003.
Uno, I., Satake, S., Carmichael, G. R., Tang, Y., Wang, Z., Takemura, T.,
Sugimoto, N., Shimizu, A., Murayama, T., Cahill, T. A., Cliff, S., Uematsu,
M., Ohta, S., Quinn, P. K., and Bates, T. S.: Numerical study of Asian dust
transport during the springtime of 2001 simulated with the Chemical Weather
Forecasting System (CFORS) model, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D19S24,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2003jd004222, 2004.
Wang, H., Rasch, P. J., Easter, R. C., Singh, B., Zhang, R., Ma, P. L., Qian,
Y., and Beagley, N.: Using an explicit emission tagging method in global
modeling of source-receptor relationships for black carbon in the Arctic:
Variations, Sources and Transport pathways, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 119,
12888–12909, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022297, 2014.
Wang, Q., Jacob, D. J., Fisher, J. A., Mao, J., Leibensperger, E. M.,
Carouge, C. C., Le Sager, P., Kondo, Y., Jimenez, J. L., Cubison, M. J., and
Doherty, S. J.: Sources of carbonaceous aerosols and deposited black carbon
in the Arctic in winter-spring: implications for radiative forcing, Atmos.
Chem. Phys., 11, 12453–12473, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-12453-2011, 2011.
Warneke, C., Bahreini, R., Brioude, J., Brock, C. A., de Gouw, J. A., Fahey,
D. W., Froyd, K. D., Holloway, J. S., Middlebrook, A., Miller, L., Montzka,
S., Murphy, D. M., Peischl, J., Ryerson, T. B., Schwarz, J. P., Spackman, J.
R., and Veres, P.: Biomass burning in Siberia and Kazakhstan as an important
source for haze over the Alaskan Arctic in April 2008, Geophys. Res. Lett.,
36, L02813, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL036194, 2009.
Warneke, C., Froyd, K. D., Brioude, J., Bahreini, R., Brock, C. A., Cozic,
J., De Gouw, J. A., Fahey, D. W., Ferrare, R., and Holloway, J. S.: An
important contribution to springtime Arctic aerosol from biomass burning in
Russia, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L01801, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL041816, 2010.
Weingartner, E., Saathoff, H., Schnaiter, M., Streit, N., Bitnar, B., and
Baltensperger, U.: Absorption of light by soot particles: determination of
the absorption coefficient by means of aethalometers, J. Aerosol Sci., 34,
1445–1463, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-8502(03)00359-8, 2003.
Wesely, M. L. and Hicks, B. B.: A review of the current status of knowledge
on dry deposition, Atmos. Environ., 34, 2261–2282,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00467-7, 2000.
Wiedinmyer, C., Akagi, S. K., Yokelson, R. J., Emmons, L. K., Al-Saadi, J.
A., Orlando, J. J., and Soja, A. J.: The Fire INventory from NCAR (FINN): a
high resolution global model to estimate the emissions from open burning,
Geosci. Model Dev., 4, 625–641, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-4-625-2011, 2011.
Wiedinmyer, C., Yokelson, R. J., and Gullett, B. K.: Global Emissions of
Trace Gases, Particulate Matter, and Hazardous Air Pollutants from Open
Burning of Domestic Waste, Environ. Sci. Technol., 48, 9523–9530,
https://doi.org/10.1021/es502250z, 2014.
Winiger, P., Andersson, A., Eckhardt, S., Stohl, A., Semiletov, I. P.,
Dudarev, O. V, Charkin, A., Shakhova, N., Klimont, Z., Heyes, C., and
Gustafsson, Ö.: Siberian Arctic black carbon sources constrained by model
and observation, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 114, E1054–E1061, available at:
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1613401114, 2017.
Wiscombe, W. J. and Warren, S. G.: A Model for the Spectral Albedo of Snow.
I: Pure Snow, J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 2712–2733,
https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1980)037<2712:AMFTSA>2.0.CO;2, 1980.
Xu, J.-W., Martin, R. V., Morrow, A., Sharma, S., Huang, L., Leaitch, W. R.,
Burkart, J., Schulz, H., Zanatta, M., Willis, M. D., Henze, D. K., Lee, C.
J., Herber, A. B., and Abbatt, J. P. D.: Source attribution of Arctic black
carbon constrained by aircraft and surface measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys.,
17, 11971–11989, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-11971-2017, 2017.
Short summary
This study presents a detailed analysis of regional and sectoral sources of black carbon (BC), sulfate (SO4), and PM2.5 over the Arctic. We find that anthropogenic emissions from Europe and China are the major contributors (~ 46 % and ~ 25 %) to the Arctic surface BC annually. Emissions from the residential sector within Europe and China are the primary contributors (~ 25 % and ~ 14 %) to Arctic surface BC. Additionally, the contribution of each source region varied significantly by altitude and season.
This study presents a detailed analysis of regional and sectoral sources of black carbon (BC),...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint