Articles | Volume 17, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-6291-2017
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-6291-2017
Research article
 | 
23 May 2017
Research article |  | 23 May 2017

Evaporating brine from frost flowers with electron microscopy and implications for atmospheric chemistry and sea-salt aerosol formation

Xin Yang, Vilém Neděla, Jiří Runštuk, Gabriela Ondrušková, Ján Krausko, Ľubica Vetráková, and Dominik Heger

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Cited articles

Abbatt, J. P. D., Thomas, J. L., Abrahamsson, K., Boxe, C., Granfors, A., Jones, A. E., King, M. D., Saiz-Lopez, A., Shepson, P. B., Sodeau, J., Toohey, D. W., Toubin, C., von Glasow, R., Wren, S. N., and Yang, X.: Halogen activation via interactions with environmental ice and snow in the polar lower troposphere and other regions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 6237–6271, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-6237-2012, 2012.
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Archer, D. G., and Carter, R. W.: Thermodynamic Properties of the NaCl + H2O System. 4. Heat Capacities of H2O and NaCl(aq) in Cold-Stable and Supercooled States, J. Phys. Chem. B, 104, 8563–8584, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp0003914, 2000.
Barber, D. G., Ehn, J. K., Pucko, M., Rysgaard, S., Deming, J. W., Bowman, J. S., Papakyriakou, T., Galley, R. J., and Sogaard, D. H.: Frost flowers on young Arctic sea ice: The climatic, chemical, and microbial significance of an emerging ice type, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 119, 11593–11612, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jd021736, 2014.
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Short summary
A unique environmental electron microscope was used for monitoring the evaporation of salty frost flowers. We observe a cohesive villous brine surface layer facilitating the formation of NaCl microcrystals at temperatures below −10°C as the brine oversaturation is achieved. This finding confirms the increased surface area and thus also the enhanced heterogeneous reactivity; however, no support for the easiness of fragmentation to produce aerosols can be provided.
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