Articles | Volume 22, issue 20
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13845-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13845-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Measurement report
| 
28 Oct 2022
Measurement report |
| 28 Oct 2022
| 28 Oct 2022
Measurement report: Investigation of pH- and particle-size-dependent chemical and optical properties of water-soluble organic carbon: implications for its sources and aging processes
Yuanyuan Qin
College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
Juanjuan Qin
College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
Guangzhou, 510640, China
Xiaobo Wang
College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
Kang Xiao
College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
Ting Qi
College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
Yuwei Gao
College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
Xueming Zhou
Faculty of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan,
430074, China
Shaoxuan Shi
College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
Jingnan Li
College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
Jingsi Gao
School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen
Polytechnic, Shenzhen, 518055, China
Ziyin Zhang
Institute of Urban Meteorology, China Meteorological
Administration, Beijing, 100089, China
Jihua Tan
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
Rongzhi Chen
College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
Related authors
Rongzhi Tang, Jialiang Ma, Ruifeng Zhang, Weizhen Cui, Yuanyuan Qin, Yangxi Chu, Yiming Qin, Alexander L. Vogel, and Chak K. Chan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 425–439, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-425-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-425-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides laboratory evidence that the photosensitizers in biomass burning extracts can enhance sulfate formation in NaCl particles, primarily by triggering the formation of secondary oxidants under light and air conditions, with a lower contribution of direct photosensitization via triplets.
Yuanyuan Qin, Xinghua Zhang, Wei Huang, Juanjuan Qin, Xiaoyu Hu, Yuxuan Cao, Tianyi Zhao, Yang Zhang, Jihua Tan, Ziyin Zhang, Xinming Wang, and Zhenzhen Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8737–8750, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8737-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8737-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Environmental persistent free radicals (EPFRs) and reactive oxygen species (ROSs) play an active role in the atmosphere. Despite control measures having effectively reduced their emissions, reductions were less than in PM2.5. Emission control measures performed well in achieving Parade Blue, but reducing the impact of the atmosphere on human health remains challenging. Thus, there is a need to reassess emission control measures to better address the challenges posed by EPFRs and ROSs.
Juanjuan Qin, Leiming Zhang, Yuanyuan Qin, Shaoxuan Shi, Jingnan Li, Zhao Shu, Yuwei Gao, Ting Qi, Jihua Tan, and Xinming Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7575–7589, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7575-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7575-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The present research unveiled that acidity dominates while transition metal ions harmonize with the light absorption properties of humic-like substances (HULIS). Cu2+ has quenching effects on HULIS by complexation, hydrogen substitution, or electrostatic adsorption, with aromatic structures of HULIS. Such effects are less pronounced if from Mn2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, and Cu2+. Oxidized HULIS might contain electron-donating groups, whereas N-containing compounds might contain electron-withdrawing groups.
Qinghe Cai, Dongqing Fang, Junli Jin, Xiaoyu Hu, Yuxuan Cao, Tianyi Zhao, Yang Bai, and Yang Zhang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-626, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-626, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study analyzed PM10 and oxidative potential (OP) in 12 Chinese regions (June 2022–May 2023) using Convolutional Neural Networks and Long Short-Term Memory networks (CNN-LSTM) and Positive Matrix Factorization(PMF). PM10 was higher in the northwest and lower in the northeast, with urban areas showing higher OP. Main sources included dust, biomass burning, traffic emissions, and agricultural activities, with traffic as the key OP contributor.
Rongzhi Tang, Jialiang Ma, Ruifeng Zhang, Weizhen Cui, Yuanyuan Qin, Yangxi Chu, Yiming Qin, Alexander L. Vogel, and Chak K. Chan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 425–439, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-425-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-425-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides laboratory evidence that the photosensitizers in biomass burning extracts can enhance sulfate formation in NaCl particles, primarily by triggering the formation of secondary oxidants under light and air conditions, with a lower contribution of direct photosensitization via triplets.
Yuanyuan Qin, Xinghua Zhang, Wei Huang, Juanjuan Qin, Xiaoyu Hu, Yuxuan Cao, Tianyi Zhao, Yang Zhang, Jihua Tan, Ziyin Zhang, Xinming Wang, and Zhenzhen Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 8737–8750, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8737-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-8737-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Environmental persistent free radicals (EPFRs) and reactive oxygen species (ROSs) play an active role in the atmosphere. Despite control measures having effectively reduced their emissions, reductions were less than in PM2.5. Emission control measures performed well in achieving Parade Blue, but reducing the impact of the atmosphere on human health remains challenging. Thus, there is a need to reassess emission control measures to better address the challenges posed by EPFRs and ROSs.
Juanjuan Qin, Leiming Zhang, Yuanyuan Qin, Shaoxuan Shi, Jingnan Li, Zhao Shu, Yuwei Gao, Ting Qi, Jihua Tan, and Xinming Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7575–7589, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7575-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7575-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The present research unveiled that acidity dominates while transition metal ions harmonize with the light absorption properties of humic-like substances (HULIS). Cu2+ has quenching effects on HULIS by complexation, hydrogen substitution, or electrostatic adsorption, with aromatic structures of HULIS. Such effects are less pronounced if from Mn2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, and Cu2+. Oxidized HULIS might contain electron-donating groups, whereas N-containing compounds might contain electron-withdrawing groups.
Juanjuan Qin, Jihua Tan, Xueming Zhou, Yanrong Yang, Yuanyuan Qin, Xiaobo Wang, Shaoxuan Shi, Kang Xiao, and Xinming Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 465–479, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-465-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-465-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Water-soluble organic compounds (WSOCs) play important roles in atmospheric particle formation, migration, and transformation processes. In this work, size-segregated atmospheric particles were collected in a rural area of Beijing, and 3D fluorescence spectroscopy was used to investigate the optical properties of WSOCs as a means of inferring information about their atmospheric sources. It was found that these data could efficiently reveal the secondary transformation processes of WSOCs.
Dawei Lu, Jihua Tan, Xuezhi Yang, Xu Sun, Qian Liu, and Guibin Jiang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 2861–2870, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-2861-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-2861-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated for the first time the role of Si during secondary formation process of PM2.5. We show the noncorrelation of Si with the secondary aerosol (SA) formation in Beijing, which reveals a new conservative tracer for aerosol chemistry. The SA contribution can be estimated by using Si as a single tracer instead of commonly used multiple chemical tracers. The correlation analysis of SA with the Si isotopic composition of PM2.5 can also reveal the sources of the precursors of SA.
Weiqiang Yang, Yanli Zhang, Xinming Wang, Sheng Li, Ming Zhu, Qingqing Yu, Guanghui Li, Zhonghui Huang, Huina Zhang, Zhenfeng Wu, Wei Song, Jihua Tan, and Min Shao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 12663–12682, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-12663-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-12663-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We present observation-based evaluations of the reduction of ambient VOCs under intervention control measures during APEC China 2014 in Beijing and the contributions of emissions from domestic solid fuel burning to ambient VOCs during winter heating. Controlling vehicle exhaust and solvent use was found to be effective in reducing ambient VOCs in non-heating periods, and controlling emissions from residential burning of solid fuels became much more important during winter heating.
Related subject area
Subject: Aerosols | Research Activity: Laboratory Studies | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
The role of surface-active macromolecules in the ice-nucleating ability of lignin, Snomax, and agricultural soil extracts
Secondary organic aerosol formation from nitrate radical oxidation of styrene: aerosol yields, chemical composition, and hydrolysis of organic nitrates
Hydrogen peroxide photoformation in particulate matter and its contribution to S(IV) oxidation during winter in Fairbanks, Alaska
The importance of burning conditions on the composition of domestic biomass-burning organic aerosol and the impact of atmospheric ageing
Heterogeneous phototransformation of halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: influencing factors, mechanisms and products
Boosting aerosol surface effects: strongly enhanced cooperative surface propensity of atmospherically relevant organic molecular ions in aqueous solution
Potential contribution to secondary aerosols from benzothiazoles in the atmospheric aqueous phase based on oxidation and oligomerization mechanisms
Roles of pH, ionic strength, and sulfate in the aqueous nitrate-mediated photooxidation of green leaf volatiles
The lifetimes and potential change in planetary albedo owing to the oxidation of thin surfactant organic films extracted from atmospheric aerosol by hydroxyl (OH) radicals at the air–water interface of particles
Gas-particle partitioning of m-xylene and naphthalene oxidation products: temperature and NOx influence
Surprisingly Robust Photochemistry in Subarctic Particles During Winter: Evidence from Photooxidants
Exometabolomic exploration of culturable airborne microorganisms from an urban atmosphere
Ozonolysis of primary biomass burning organic aerosol particles: Insights into reactivity and phase state
Measurement Report: Changes in ammonia emissions since the 18th century in south-eastern Europe inferred from an Elbrus (Caucasus, Russia) ice-core record
Atmospheric oxidation of 1,3-butadiene: influence of seed aerosol acidity and relative humidity on SOA composition and the production of air toxic compounds
Enhanced sulfate formation in mixed biomass burning and sea-salt interactions mediated by photosensitization: effects of chloride, nitrogen-containing compounds, and atmospheric aging
Photochemical aging of aviation emissions: transformation of chemical and physical properties of exhaust emissions from a laboratory-scale jet engine combustion chamber
Heterogeneous formation and light absorption of secondary organic aerosols from acetone photochemical reactions: remarkably enhancing effects of seeds and ammonia
Experimental observation of the impact of nanostructure on hygroscopicity and reactivity of fatty acid atmospheric aerosol proxies
Technical note: High-resolution analyses of concentrations and sizes of refractory black carbon particles deposited in northwestern Greenland over the past 350 years – Part 1: Continuous flow analysis of the SIGMA-D ice core using the wide-range Single-Particle Soot Photometer and a high-efficiency nebulizer
HOMs and SOA formation from the oxidation of α- and β-phellandrenes by NO3 radicals
Particulate emissions from cooking: emission factors, emission dynamics, and mass spectrometric analysis for different cooking methods
Copper accelerates photochemically induced radical chemistry of iron-containing SOA
Nocturnal atmospheric synergistic oxidation reduces the formation of low-volatility organic compounds from biogenic emissions
The interplay between aqueous replacement reaction and the phase state of internally mixed organic/ammonium aerosols
Measurement report: The Fifth International Workshop on Ice Nucleation phase 1 (FIN-01): intercomparison of single-particle mass spectrometers
Characterization of the particle size distribution, mineralogy, and Fe mode of occurrence of dust-emitting sediments from the Mojave Desert, California, USA
Measurement report: Effects of transition metal ions on the optical properties of humic-like substances (HULIS) reveal a structural preference – a case study of PM2.5 in Beijing, China
Probing Iceland's dust-emitting sediments: particle size distribution, mineralogy, cohesion, Fe mode of occurrence, and reflectance spectra signatures
Photoenhanced sulfate formation by the heterogeneous uptake of SO2 on non-photoactive mineral dust
Comparison of water-soluble and water-insoluble organic compositions attributing to different light absorption efficiency between residential coal and biomass burning emissions
Suppressed atmospheric chemical aging of cooking organic aerosol particles in wintertime conditions
Formation and loss of light absorbance by phenolic aqueous SOA by ●OH and an organic triplet excited state
Technical Note: A technique to convert NO2 to NO2− with S(IV) and its application to measuring nitrate photolysis
Distribution, chemical, and molecular composition of high and low molecular weight humic-like substances in ambient aerosols
Desorption lifetimes and activation energies influencing gas–surface interactions and multiphase chemical kinetics
Molecular analysis of secondary organic aerosol and brown carbon from the oxidation of indole
Secondary organic aerosol formed by Euro 5 gasoline vehicle emissions: chemical composition and gas-to-particle phase partitioning
Assessment of the contribution of residential waste burning to ambient PM10 concentrations in Hungary and Romania
Source differences in the components and cytotoxicity of PM2.5 from automobile exhaust, coal combustion, and biomass burning contributing to urban aerosol toxicity
Chamber studies of OH + dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl disulfide: insights into the dimethyl sulfide oxidation mechanism
Low-temperature ice nucleation of sea spray and secondary marine aerosols under cirrus cloud conditions
Temperature-dependent aqueous OH kinetics of C2–C10 linear and terpenoid alcohols and diols: new rate coefficients, structure–activity relationship, and atmospheric lifetimes
A possible unaccounted source of nitrogen-containing compound formation in aerosols: amines reacting with secondary ozonides
Seasonal variations in photooxidant formation and light absorption in aqueous extracts of ambient particles
Variability in sediment particle size, mineralogy, and Fe mode of occurrence across dust-source inland drainage basins: the case of the lower Drâa Valley, Morocco
Gas–particle partitioning of toluene oxidation products: an experimental and modeling study
Chemically speciated air pollutant emissions from open burning of household solid waste from South Africa
Bulk and molecular-level composition of primary organic aerosol from wood, straw, cow dung, and plastic burning
Volatile oxidation products and secondary organosiloxane aerosol from D5 + OH at varying OH exposures
Kathleen A. Alden, Paul Bieber, Anna J. Miller, Nicole Link, Benjamin J. Murray, and Nadine Borduas-Dedekind
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 6179–6195, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6179-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-6179-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Lignin and Snomax are surface-active macromolecules that show a relationship between increasing concentrations, decreasing surface tension, and increasing ice-nucleating ability. However, this relationship did not hold for agricultural soil extracts collected in the UK and Canada. To explain this difference, we propose that as the complexity of the sample increases, the hydrophobic interfaces in the bulk compete with the air–water interface.
Yuchen Wang, Xiang Zhang, Yuanlong Huang, Yutong Liang, and Nga L. Ng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 5215–5231, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5215-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5215-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This work provides the first fundamental laboratory data to evaluate SOA (secondary organic aerosol) production from styrene and NO3 chemistry. Additionally, the formation mechanisms of aromatic organic nitrates (ONs) are reported, highlighting that previously identified nitroaromatics in ambient field campaigns can be aromatic ONs. Finally, the hydrolysis lifetimes observed for ONs generated from styrene and NO3 oxidation can serve as experimentally constrained parameters for modeling hydrolysis of aromatic ONs in general.
Michael Oluwatoyin Sunday, Laura Marie Dahler Heinlein, Junwei He, Allison Moon, Sukriti Kapur, Ting Fang, Kasey C. Edwards, Fangzhou Guo, Jack Dibb, James H. Flynn III, Becky Alexander, Manabu Shiraiwa, and Cort Anastasio
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 5087–5100, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5087-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5087-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Hydrogen peroxide (HOOH) is an important oxidant that forms atmospheric sulfate. We demonstrate that the illumination of brown carbon can rapidly form HOOH within particles, even under the low-sunlight conditions of Fairbanks, Alaska, during winter. This in-particle formation of HOOH is fast enough that it forms sulfate at significant rates. In contrast, the formation of HOOH in the gas phase during the campaign is expected to be negligible because of high NOx levels.
Rhianna L. Evans, Daniel J. Bryant, Aristeidis Voliotis, Dawei Hu, Huihui Wu, Sara Aisyah Syafira, Osayomwanbor E. Oghama, Gordon McFiggans, Jacqueline F. Hamilton, and Andrew R. Rickard
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 4367–4389, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4367-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4367-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The chemical composition of organic aerosol derived from wood-burning emissions under different burning conditions was characterised. Fresh emissions from flaming and smouldering were largely aromatic in nature, whereas upon aging the aromatic content decreased. This decrease was greater for smouldering due to the loss of toxic polyaromatic species, whereas under flaming conditions highly toxic polyaromatic species were produced. These differences present an important challenge for future policy.
Yueyao Yang, Yahui Liu, Guohua Zhu, Bingcheng Lin, Shanshan Zhang, Xin Li, Fangxi Xu, He Niu, Rong Jin, and Minghui Zheng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 3981–3994, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3981-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3981-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (XPAHs) are emerging pollutants. Stability during atmospheric transformation processes is crucial for predicting their environmental fate and assessing the associated risks. Here, we conducted field studies and laboratory simulation experiments to reveal the mechanisms, influencing factors and products for XPAHs' heterogeneous phototransformation. Results revealed that the conversion of XPAHs led to a reduction in environmental risk.
Harmanjot Kaur, Stephan Thürmer, Shirin Gholami, Bruno Credidio, Florian Trinter, Debora Vasconcelos, Ricardo Marinho, Joel Pinheiro, Hendrik Bluhm, Arnaldo Naves de Brito, Gunnar Öhrwall, Bernd Winter, and Olle Björneholm
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 3503–3518, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3503-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-3503-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding the surface composition of aerosols is crucial for advancing climate models. We investigated the interface of single-component and mixed aqueous solutions of atmospherically relevant carboxylic acid and alkyl-ammonium ions using liquid-jet photoelectron spectroscopy. An exponential increase in surface propensity as a function of chain length was found for the single species, and cooperative effects in the mixtures cause a further drastic increase in surface solute concentration.
Qun Zhang, Wei Zhou, Shanshan Tang, Kai Huang, Jie Fu, Zechen Yu, Yunhe Teng, Shuyi Shen, Yang Mei, Xuezhi Yang, Jianjie Fu, and Guibin Jiang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1028, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1028, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This article comprehensively investigates the aqueous-phase OH oxidation of benzothiazoles (BTs), common rubber additives found in urban air, through laboratory simulation experiments. BTs can rapidly degrade, leading to light absorption, high yields of sulfate, and the formation of highly oxidized and/or oligomerized organic compounds. The results reveal that aqueous-phase BTs can contribute to secondary aerosols, altering the chemical and optical properties of atmospheric particles.
Yuting Lyu, Taekyu Joo, Ruihan Ma, Mark Kristan Espejo Cabello, Tianye Zhou, Shun Yeung, Cheuk Ki Wong, Yifang Gu, Yiming Qin, and Theodora Nah
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-570, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-570, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the aqueous nitrate-mediated photooxidation of four green leaf volatiles (GLVs). The aqueous reaction medium conditions, dilute cloud/fog vs. concentrated aqueous aerosol conditions, governed the effects that pH, ionic strength, and sulfate have on the GLV degradation rates and aqSOA mass yields. Most notably, reactions initiated by sulfate photolysis have significant effects in aqueous aerosols, but not in cloud/fog droplets.
Rosalie H. Shepherd, Martin D. King, Andrew D. Ward, Edward J. Stuckey, Rebecca J. L. Welbourn, Neil Brough, Adam Milsom, Christian Pfrang, and Thomas Arnold
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 2569–2588, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2569-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2569-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Thin film formation at the air–water interface from material extracted from atmospheric aerosol was demonstrated, supporting the core–shell morphology. Film thicknesses were approximately 10 Å and 17 Å for urban and remote extracts, respectively. Exposure to gas-phase OH radicals showed fast reactions and short lifetimes of around 1 h. The effect on the Earth's radiative balance indicated that removing half of the film could significantly increase the top-of-atmosphere albedo for urban films.
Marwa Shahin, Julien Kammer, Brice Temime-Roussel, and Barbara D'Anna
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-833, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-833, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Air pollution and climate change are influenced by tiny airborne particles called aerosols. This study explores how pollutants from urban sources, as m-xylene and naphthalene, form new particles in the atmosphere under different conditions. Using advanced techniques, we show how temperature and nitrogen oxides affect the formation and behaviour of these particles. Our findings will improve our understanding on secondary organic particle and air quality models.
Laura Marie Dahler Heinlein, Junwei He, Michael Oluwatoyin Sunday, Fangzhou Guo, James Campbell, Allison Moon, Sukriti Kapur, Ting Fang, Kasey Edwards, Meeta Cesler-Maloney, Alyssa J. Burns, Jack Dibb, William Simpson, Manabu Shiraiwa, Becky Alexander, Jingqiu Mao, James H. Flynn III, Jochen Stutz, and Cort Anastasio
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-824, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-824, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
High-latitude cities like Fairbanks, Alaska, experience severe wintertime pollution episodes. While conventional wisdom holds that oxidation is slow under these conditions, field measurements find oxidized products in particles. To explore this, we measured oxidants in aqueous extracts of winter particles from Fairbanks. We find high concentrations of oxidants during illumination, indicating that particle photochemistry can be significant even in high latitudes during winter.
Rui Jin, Wei Hu, Peimin Duan, Ming Sheng, Dandan Liu, Ziye Huang, Mutong Niu, Libin Wu, Junjun Deng, and Pingqing Fu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1805–1829, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1805-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1805-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The metabolic capacity of atmospheric microorganisms after settling into habitats is poorly understood. We studied the molecular composition of exometabolites for cultured typical airborne microbes and traced their metabolic processes. Bacteria and fungi produce highly oxidized exometabolites and have significant variations in metabolism among different strains. These insights are pivotal for assessing the biogeochemical impacts of atmospheric microorganisms following their deposition.
Sophie Bogler, Jun Zhang, Rico K. Y. Cheung, Kun Li, Andre S. H. Prevot, Imad El Haddad, and David M. Bell
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-385, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-385, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Authentic aerosols emitted from residential wood stoves and open burning processes are only slightly oxidized by ozone in the atmosphere. Under dry conditions the reaction does not proceed to completion, while under high humidity conditions the reactivity proceeds further. These results indicate the reactivity with ozone is likely impacted by aerosol phase state (e.g. aerosol viscosity).
Michel Legrand, Mstislav Vorobyev, Daria Bokuchava, Stanislav Kutuzov, Andreas Plach, Andreas Stohl, Alexandra Khairedinova, Vladimir Mikhalenko, Maria Vinogradova, Sabine Eckhardt, and Susanne Preunkert
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1385–1399, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1385-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1385-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Past atmospheric NH3 pollution in south-eastern Europe was reconstructed by analysing ammonium in an ice core drilled at the Mount Elbrus (Caucasus, Russia). The observed 3.5-fold increase in ice concentrations between 1750 and 1990 CE is in good agreement with estimated past dominant ammonia emissions from agriculture, mainly from south European Russia and Türkiye. In contrast to present-day conditions, the ammonium level observed in 1750 CE indicates significant natural emissions at that time.
Mohammed Jaoui, Klara Nestorowicz, Krzysztof J. Rudzinski, Michael Lewandowski, Tadeusz E. Kleindienst, Julio Torres, Ewa Bulska, Witold Danikiewicz, and Rafal Szmigielski
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1401–1432, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1401-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1401-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Recent research has established the contribution of 1,3-butadiene (13BD) to organic aerosol formation with negative implications for urban air quality. Health effect studies have focused on whole particulate matter, but compounds responsible for adverse health effects remain uncertain. This study provides the effect of relative humidity and seed aerosol acidity on the chemical composition of aerosol formed from 13BD photooxidation.
Rongzhi Tang, Jialiang Ma, Ruifeng Zhang, Weizhen Cui, Yuanyuan Qin, Yangxi Chu, Yiming Qin, Alexander L. Vogel, and Chak K. Chan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 425–439, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-425-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-425-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides laboratory evidence that the photosensitizers in biomass burning extracts can enhance sulfate formation in NaCl particles, primarily by triggering the formation of secondary oxidants under light and air conditions, with a lower contribution of direct photosensitization via triplets.
Anni Hartikainen, Mika Ihalainen, Deeksha Shukla, Marius Rohkamp, Arya Mukherjee, Quanfu He, Sandra Piel, Aki Virkkula, Delun Li, Tuukka Kokkola, Seongho Jeong, Hanna Koponen, Uwe Etzien, Anusmita Das, Krista Luoma, Lukas Schwalb, Thomas Gröger, Alexandre Barth, Martin Sklorz, Thorsten Streibel, Hendryk Czech, Benedikt Gündling, Markus Kalberer, Bert Buchholz, Andreas Hupfer, Thomas Adam, Thorsten Hohaus, Johan Øvrevik, Ralf Zimmermann, and Olli Sippula
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3836, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3836, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Photochemical reactions altered the properties of kerosene-operated jet engine burner exhaust emissions, which were studied in laboratory using an oxidation flow reactor. Particle mass increased 300-fold as particles and gases became more oxidized. Light absorption increased, but the total direct radiative forcing efficiency was estimated to shift from positive to negative. The results highlight the importance of considering secondary aerosol formation when assessing the impacts of aviation.
Si Zhang, Yining Gao, Xinbei Xu, Luyao Chen, Can Wu, Zheng Li, Rongjie Li, Binyu Xiao, Xiaodi Liu, Rui Li, Fan Zhang, and Gehui Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 14177–14190, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-14177-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-14177-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) from acetone photooxidation in the presence of various seeds were studied to illustrate SOA formation kinetics under ammonia-rich conditions. The oxidation mechanism of acetone was investigated using an observation-based model incorporating a Master Chemical Mechanism model. A higher SOA yield of acetone was observed compared to methylglyoxal due to an enhanced uptake of the small photooxidation products of acetone.
Adam Milsom, Adam M. Squires, Ben Laurence, Ben Wōden, Andrew J. Smith, Andrew D. Ward, and Christian Pfrang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 13571–13586, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13571-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13571-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We followed nano-structural changes in mixtures found in urban organic aerosol emissions (oleic acid, sodium oleate and fructose) during humidity change and ozone exposure. We demonstrate that self-assembly of fatty acid nanostructures can impact water uptake and chemical reactivity, affecting atmospheric lifetimes, urban air quality (preventing harmful emissions from degradation and enabling their long-range transport) and climate (affecting cloud formation), with implications for human health.
Kumiko Goto-Azuma, Remi Dallmayr, Yoshimi Ogawa-Tsukagawa, Nobuhiro Moteki, Tatsuhiro Mori, Sho Ohata, Yutaka Kondo, Makoto Koike, Motohiro Hirabayashi, Jun Ogata, Kyotaro Kitamura, Kenji Kawamura, Koji Fujita, Sumito Matoba, Naoko Nagatsuka, Akane Tsushima, Kaori Fukuda, and Teruo Aoki
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12985–13000, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12985-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12985-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a continuous flow analysis system to analyze an ice core from northwestern Greenland and coupled it with an improved refractory black carbon (rBC) measurement technique. This allowed accurate high-resolution analyses of size distributions and concentrations of rBC particles with diameters of 70 nm–4 μm for the past 350 years. Our results provide crucial insights into rBC's climatic effects. We also found previous ice core studies substantially underestimated rBC mass concentrations.
Sergio Harb, Manuela Cirtog, Stéphanie Alage, Christopher Cantrell, Mathieu Cazaunau, Vincent Michoud, Edouard Pangui, Antonin Bergé, Chiara Giorio, Francesco Battaglia, and Bénédicte Picquet-Varrault
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3419, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3419, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the reactions of α- and β-phellandrenes (from vegetation emissions) with NO3 radicals, a major nighttime oxidant from human activities. Using lab-based simulations, we examined these reactions and measured particle formation and by-products. Our findings reveal that α- and β-phellandrenes are efficient particle sources and enhance our understanding of biogenic-anthropogenic interactions and their contributions to atmospheric changes affecting climate and health.
Julia Pikmann, Frank Drewnick, Friederike Fachinger, and Stephan Borrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12295–12321, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12295-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12295-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Cooking activities can contribute substantially to indoor and ambient aerosol. We performed a comprehensive study with laboratory measurements cooking 19 different dishes and ambient measurements at two Christmas markets measuring various particle properties and trace gases of emissions in real time. Similar emission characteristics were observed for dishes with the same preparation method, mainly due to similar cooking temperature and use of oil, with barbecuing as an especially strong source.
Kevin Kilchhofer, Markus Ammann, Laura Torrent, Ka Yuen Cheung, and Peter Aaron Alpert
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3226, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-3226, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol particles composed of metal complexes generate radicals as the result of photochemical reactions. Reactive species generated are hazardous to human health. We report microscopy data with particles composed of an organic proxy exposed to UV light. We found that copper influenced the reoxidation and initial iron reduction via photolysis of the complex. New model results suggest that we need to account a decreased photochemical activity and use a copper-induced reoxidation reaction.
Han Zang, Zekun Luo, Chenxi Li, Ziyue Li, Dandan Huang, and Yue Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 11701–11716, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11701-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11701-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric organics are subject to synergistic oxidation by different oxidants, yet the mechanisms of such processes are poorly understood. Here, using direct measurements and kinetic modeling, we probe the nocturnal synergistic-oxidation mechanism of α-pinene by O3 and NO3 radicals and in particular the fate of peroxy radical intermediates of different origins, which will deepen our understanding of the monoterpene oxidation chemistry and its contribution to atmospheric particle formation.
Hui Yang, Fengfeng Dong, Li Xia, Qishen Huang, Shufeng Pang, and Yunhong Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 11619–11635, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11619-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11619-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric secondary aerosols, composed of organic and inorganic components, undergo complex reactions that impact their phase state. Using molecular spectroscopy, we showed that ammonium-promoted aqueous replacement reaction, unique to these aerosols, is closely linked to phase behavior. The interplay between reactions and aerosol phase state can cause atypical phase transition and irreversible changes in aerosol composition during hygroscopic cycles, further impacting atmospheric processes.
Xiaoli Shen, David M. Bell, Hugh Coe, Naruki Hiranuma, Fabian Mahrt, Nicholas A. Marsden, Claudia Mohr, Daniel M. Murphy, Harald Saathoff, Johannes Schneider, Jacqueline Wilson, Maria A. Zawadowicz, Alla Zelenyuk, Paul J. DeMott, Ottmar Möhler, and Daniel J. Cziczo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 10869–10891, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10869-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-10869-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Single-particle mass spectrometry (SPMS) is commonly used to measure the chemical composition and mixing state of aerosol particles. Intercomparison of SPMS instruments was conducted. All instruments reported similar size ranges and common spectral features. The instrument-specific detection efficiency was found to be more dependent on particle size than type. All differentiated secondary organic aerosol, soot, and soil dust but had difficulties differentiating among minerals and dusts.
Adolfo González-Romero, Cristina González-Flórez, Agnesh Panta, Jesús Yus-Díez, Patricia Córdoba, Andres Alastuey, Natalia Moreno, Melani Hernández-Chiriboga, Konrad Kandler, Martina Klose, Roger N. Clark, Bethany L. Ehlmann, Rebecca N. Greenberger, Abigail M. Keebler, Phil Brodrick, Robert Green, Paul Ginoux, Xavier Querol, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 9155–9176, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9155-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9155-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this research, we studied the dust-emitting properties of crusts and aeolian ripples from the Mojave Desert. These properties are key to understanding the effect of dust upon climate. We found two different playa lakes according to the groundwater regime, which implies differences in crusts' cohesion state and mineralogy, which can affect the dust emission potential and properties. We also compare them with Moroccan Sahara crusts and Icelandic top sediments.
Juanjuan Qin, Leiming Zhang, Yuanyuan Qin, Shaoxuan Shi, Jingnan Li, Zhao Shu, Yuwei Gao, Ting Qi, Jihua Tan, and Xinming Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7575–7589, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7575-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7575-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The present research unveiled that acidity dominates while transition metal ions harmonize with the light absorption properties of humic-like substances (HULIS). Cu2+ has quenching effects on HULIS by complexation, hydrogen substitution, or electrostatic adsorption, with aromatic structures of HULIS. Such effects are less pronounced if from Mn2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, and Cu2+. Oxidized HULIS might contain electron-donating groups, whereas N-containing compounds might contain electron-withdrawing groups.
Adolfo González-Romero, Cristina González-Flórez, Agnesh Panta, Jesús Yus-Díez, Patricia Córdoba, Andres Alastuey, Natalia Moreno, Konrad Kandler, Martina Klose, Roger N. Clark, Bethany L. Ehlmann, Rebecca N. Greenberger, Abigail M. Keebler, Phil Brodrick, Robert O. Green, Xavier Querol, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6883–6910, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6883-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6883-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The knowledge of properties from dust emitted in high latitudes such as in Iceland is scarce. This study focuses on the particle size, mineralogy, cohesion, and iron mode of occurrence and reflectance spectra of dust-emitting sediments. Icelandic top sediments have lower cohesion state, coarser particle size, distinctive mineralogy, and 3-fold bulk Fe content, with a large presence of magnetite compared to Saharan crusts.
Wangjin Yang, Jiawei Ma, Hongxing Yang, Fu Li, and Chong Han
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6757–6768, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6757-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6757-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We provide evidence that light enhances the conversion of SO2 to sulfates on non-photoactive mineral dust, where triplet states of SO2 (3SO2) can act as a pivotal trigger to generate sulfates. Photochemical sulfate formation depends on H2O, O2, and basicity of mineral dust. The SO2 photochemistry on non-photoactive mineral dust contributes to sulfates, highlighting previously unknown pathways to better explain the missing sources of atmospheric sulfates.
Lu Zhang, Jin Li, Yaojie Li, Xinlei Liu, Zhihan Luo, Guofeng Shen, and Shu Tao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6323–6337, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6323-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6323-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Brown carbon (BrC) is related to radiative forcing and climate change. The BrC fraction from residential coal and biomass burning emissions, which were the major source of BrC, was characterized at the molecular level. The CHOS aromatic compounds explained higher light absorption efficiencies of biomass burning emissions compared to coal. The unique formulas of coal combustion aerosols were characterized by higher unsaturated compounds, and such information could be used for source appointment.
Wenli Liu, Longkun He, Yingjun Liu, Keren Liao, Qi Chen, and Mikinori Kuwata
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5625–5636, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5625-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5625-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Cooking is a major source of particles in urban areas. Previous studies demonstrated that the chemical lifetimes of cooking organic aerosols (COAs) were much shorter (~minutes) than the values reported by field observations (~hours). We conducted laboratory experiments to resolve the discrepancy by considering suppressed reactivity under low temperature. The parameterized k2–T relationships and observed surface temperature data were used to estimate the chemical lifetimes of COA particles.
Stephanie Arciva, Lan Ma, Camille Mavis, Chrystal Guzman, and Cort Anastasio
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4473–4485, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4473-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4473-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We measured changes in light absorption during the aqueous oxidation of six phenols with hydroxyl radical (●OH) or an organic triplet excited state (3C*). All the phenols formed light-absorbing secondary brown carbon (BrC), which then decayed with continued oxidation. Extrapolation to ambient conditions suggest ●OH is the dominant sink of secondary phenolic BrC in fog/cloud drops, while 3C* controls the lifetime of this light absorption in particle water.
Aaron Lieberman, Julietta Picco, Murat Onder, and Cort Anastasio
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4411–4419, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4411-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4411-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a method that uses aqueous S(IV) to quantitatively convert NO2 to NO2−, which allows both species to be quantified using the Griess method. As an example of the utility of the method, we quantified both photolysis channels of nitrate, with and without a scavenger for hydroxyl radical (·OH). The results show that without a scavenger, ·OH reacts with nitrite to form nitrogen dioxide, suppressing the apparent quantum yield of NO2− and enhancing that of NO2.
Xingjun Fan, Ao Cheng, Xufang Yu, Tao Cao, Dan Chen, Wenchao Ji, Yongbing Cai, Fande Meng, Jianzhong Song, and Ping'an Peng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3769–3783, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3769-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3769-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Molecular-level characteristics of high molecular weight (HMW) and low MW (LMW) humic-like substances (HULIS) were comprehensively investigated, where HMW HULIS had larger chromophores and larger molecular size than LMW HULIS and exhibited higher aromaticity and humification. Electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry revealed more aromatic molecules in HMW HULIS. HMW HULIS had more CHON compounds, while LMW HULIS had more CHO compounds.
Daniel A. Knopf, Markus Ammann, Thomas Berkemeier, Ulrich Pöschl, and Manabu Shiraiwa
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3445–3528, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3445-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3445-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The initial step of interfacial and multiphase chemical processes involves adsorption and desorption of gas species. This study demonstrates the role of desorption energy governing the residence time of the gas species at the environmental interface. A parameterization is formulated that enables the prediction of desorption energy based on the molecular weight, polarizability, and oxygen-to-carbon ratio of the desorbing chemical species. Its application to gas–particle interactions is discussed.
Feng Jiang, Kyla Siemens, Claudia Linke, Yanxia Li, Yiwei Gong, Thomas Leisner, Alexander Laskin, and Harald Saathoff
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2639–2649, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2639-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2639-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the optical properties, chemical composition, and formation mechanisms of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and brown carbon (BrC) from the oxidation of indole with and without NO2 in the Aerosol Interaction and Dynamics in the Atmosphere (AIDA) simulation chamber. This work is one of the very few to link the optical properties and chemical composition of indole SOA with and without NO2 by simulation chamber experiments.
Evangelia Kostenidou, Baptiste Marques, Brice Temime-Roussel, Yao Liu, Boris Vansevenant, Karine Sartelet, and Barbara D'Anna
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2705–2729, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2705-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2705-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from gasoline vehicles can be a significant source of particulate matter in urban areas. Here the chemical composition of secondary volatile organic compounds and SOA produced by photo-oxidation of Euro 5 gasoline vehicle emissions was studied. The volatility of the SOA formed was calculated. Except for the temperature and the concentration of the aerosol, additional parameters may play a role in the gas-to-particle partitioning.
András Hoffer, Aida Meiramova, Ádám Tóth, Beatrix Jancsek-Turóczi, Gyula Kiss, Ágnes Rostási, Erika Andrea Levei, Luminita Marmureanu, Attila Machon, and András Gelencsér
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1659–1671, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1659-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1659-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Specific tracer compounds identified previously in controlled test burnings of different waste types in the laboratory were detected and quantified in ambient PM10 samples collected in five Hungarian and four Romanian settlements. Back-of-the-envelope calculations based on the relative emission factors of individual tracers suggested that the contribution of solid waste burning particulate emissions to ambient PM10 mass concentrations may be as high as a few percent.
Xiao-San Luo, Weijie Huang, Guofeng Shen, Yuting Pang, Mingwei Tang, Weijun Li, Zhen Zhao, Hanhan Li, Yaqian Wei, Longjiao Xie, and Tariq Mehmood
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1345–1360, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1345-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1345-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
PM2.5 are air pollutants threatening health globally, but they are a mixture of chemical compositions from many sources and result in unequal toxicity. Which composition from which source of PM2.5 as the most hazardous object is a question hindering effective pollution control policy-making. With chemical and toxicity experiments, we found automobile exhaust and coal combustion to be priority emissions with higher toxic compositions for precise air pollution control, ensuring public health.
Matthew B. Goss and Jesse H. Kroll
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1299–1314, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1299-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1299-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The chemistry driving dimethyl sulfide (DMS) oxidation and subsequent sulfate particle formation in the atmosphere is poorly constrained. We oxidized two related compounds (dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl disulfide) in the laboratory under varied NOx conditions and measured the gas- and particle-phase products. These results demonstrate that both the OH addition and OH abstraction pathways for DMS oxidation contribute to particle formation via mechanisms that do not involve the SO2 intermediate.
Ryan J. Patnaude, Kathryn A. Moore, Russell J. Perkins, Thomas C. J. Hill, Paul J. DeMott, and Sonia M. Kreidenweis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 911–928, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-911-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-911-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we examined the effect of atmospheric aging on sea spray aerosols (SSAs) to form ice and how newly formed secondary marine aerosols (SMAs) may freeze at cirrus temperatures (< −38 °C). Results show that SSAs freeze at different relative humidities (RHs) depending on the temperature and that the ice-nucleating ability of SSA was not hindered by atmospheric aging. SMAs are shown to freeze at high RHs and are likely inefficient at forming ice at cirrus temperatures.
Bartłomiej Witkowski, Priyanka Jain, Beata Wileńska, and Tomasz Gierczak
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 663–688, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-663-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-663-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This article reports the results of the kinetic measurements for the aqueous oxidation of the 29 aliphatic alcohols by hydroxyl radical (OH) at different temperatures. The data acquired and the literature data were used to optimize a model for predicting the aqueous OH reactivity of alcohols and carboxylic acids and to estimate the atmospheric lifetimes of five terpenoic alcohols. The kinetic data provided new insights into the mechanism of aqueous oxidation of aliphatic molecules by the OH.
Junting Qiu, Xinlin Shen, Jiangyao Chen, Guiying Li, and Taicheng An
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 155–166, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-155-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-155-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We studied reactions of secondary ozonides (SOZs) with amines. SOZs formed from ozonolysis of β-caryophyllene and α-humulene are found to be reactive to ethylamine and methylamine. Products from SOZs with various conformations reacting with the same amine had different functional groups. Our findings indicate that interaction of SOZs with amines in the atmosphere is very complicated, which is potentially a hitherto unrecognized source of N-containing compound formation.
Lan Ma, Reed Worland, Laura Heinlein, Chrystal Guzman, Wenqing Jiang, Christopher Niedek, Keith J. Bein, Qi Zhang, and Cort Anastasio
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1–21, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We measured concentrations of three photooxidants – the hydroxyl radical, triplet excited states of organic carbon, and singlet molecular oxygen – in fine particles collected over a year. Concentrations are highest in extracts of fresh biomass burning particles, largely because they have the highest particle concentrations and highest light absorption. When normalized by light absorption, rates of formation for each oxidant are generally similar for the four particle types we observed.
Adolfo González-Romero, Cristina González-Flórez, Agnesh Panta, Jesús Yus-Díez, Cristina Reche, Patricia Córdoba, Natalia Moreno, Andres Alastuey, Konrad Kandler, Martina Klose, Clarissa Baldo, Roger N. Clark, Zongbo Shi, Xavier Querol, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15815–15834, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15815-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15815-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The effect of dust emitted from desertic surfaces upon climate and ecosystems depends on size and mineralogy, but data from soil mineral atlases of desert soils are scarce. We performed particle-size distribution, mineralogy, and Fe speciation in southern Morocco. Results show coarser particles with high quartz proportion are near the elevated areas, while in depressed areas, sizes are finer, and proportions of clays and nano-Fe oxides are higher. This difference is important for dust modelling.
Victor Lannuque, Barbara D'Anna, Evangelia Kostenidou, Florian Couvidat, Alvaro Martinez-Valiente, Philipp Eichler, Armin Wisthaler, Markus Müller, Brice Temime-Roussel, Richard Valorso, and Karine Sartelet
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15537–15560, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15537-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15537-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Large uncertainties remain in understanding secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from toluene oxidation. In this study, speciation measurements in gaseous and particulate phases were carried out, providing partitioning and volatility data on individual toluene SOA components at different temperatures. A new detailed oxidation mechanism was developed to improve modeled speciation, and effects of different processes involved in gas–particle partitioning at the molecular scale are explored.
Xiaoliang Wang, Hatef Firouzkouhi, Judith C. Chow, John G. Watson, Steven Sai Hang Ho, Warren Carter, and Alexandra S. M. De Vos
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15375–15393, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15375-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15375-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Open burning of municipal solid waste emits chemicals that are harmful to the environment. This paper reports source profiles and emission factors for PM2.5 species and acidic/alkali gases from laboratory combustion of 10 waste categories (including plastics and biomass) that represent open burning in South Africa. Results will be useful for health and climate impact assessments, speciated emission inventories, source-oriented dispersion models, and receptor-based source apportionment.
Jun Zhang, Kun Li, Tiantian Wang, Erlend Gammelsæter, Rico K. Y. Cheung, Mihnea Surdu, Sophie Bogler, Deepika Bhattu, Dongyu S. Wang, Tianqu Cui, Lu Qi, Houssni Lamkaddam, Imad El Haddad, Jay G. Slowik, Andre S. H. Prevot, and David M. Bell
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14561–14576, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14561-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14561-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted burning experiments to simulate various types of solid fuel combustion, including residential burning, wildfires, agricultural burning, cow dung, and plastic bag burning. The chemical composition of the particles was characterized using mass spectrometers, and new potential markers for different fuels were identified using statistical analysis. This work improves our understanding of emissions from solid fuel burning and offers support for refined source apportionment.
Hyun Gu Kang, Yanfang Chen, Yoojin Park, Thomas Berkemeier, and Hwajin Kim
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14307–14323, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14307-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14307-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
D5 is an emerging anthropogenic pollutant that is ubiquitous in indoor and urban environments, and the OH oxidation of D5 forms secondary organosiloxane aerosol (SOSiA). Application of a kinetic box model that uses a volatility basis set (VBS) showed that consideration of oxidative aging (aging-VBS) predicts SOSiA formation much better than using a standard-VBS model. Ageing-dependent parameterization is needed to accurately model SOSiA to assess the implications of siloxanes for air quality.
Cited articles
Aiona, P. K., Luek, J. L., Timko, S. A., Powers, L. C., Gonsior, M., and
Nizkorodov, S. A.: Effect of photolysis on absorption and fluorescence
spectra of light-absorbing secondary organic aerosols, ACS Earth. Space.
Chem., 2, 235–245, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.7b00153, 2018.
Ault, A. P.: Aerosol acidity: Novel measurements and implications for
atmospheric chemistry, Acc. Chem. Res., 53, 1703–1714,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00303, 2020.
Baduel, C., Monge, M. E., Voisin, D., Jaffrezo, J. L., George, C., Haddad,
I. E., Marchand, N., and D'Anna, B.: Oxidation of atmospheric humic like
substances by ozone: A kinetic and structural analysis approach, Environ.
Sci. Technol., 45, 5238–5244, https://doi.org/10.1021/es200587z, 2011.
Battaglia, M. A., Douglas, S., and Hennigan, C. J.: Effect of the urban heat
island on aerosol pH, Environ. Sci. Technol., 51, 13095–13103,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b02786, 2017.
Boreddy, S. K. R., Hegde, P., and Aswini, A. R.: Chemical characteristics,
size distributions, and aerosol liquid water in size-resolved coastal urban
aerosols allied with distinct air masses over tropical peninsular India,
ACS Earth. Space. Chem., 5, 457–473,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.0c00282, 2021.
Bousiotis, D., Brean, J., Pope, F. D., Dall'Osto, M., Querol, X., Alastuey, A., Perez, N., Petäjä, T., Massling, A., Nøjgaard, J. K., Nordstrøm, C., Kouvarakis, G., Vratolis, S., Eleftheriadis, K., Niemi, J. V., Portin, H., Wiedensohler, A., Weinhold, K., Merkel, M., Tuch, T., and Harrison, R. M.: The effect of meteorological conditions and atmospheric composition in the occurrence and development of new particle formation (NPF) events in Europe, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 3345–3370, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3345-2021, 2021.
Cawley, K. M., McKnight, D. M., Miller, P., Cory, R., Fimmen, R. L.,
Guerard, J., Dieser, M., Jaros, C., Chin, Y. P., and Foreman, C.:
Characterization of fulvic acid fractions of dissolved organic matter during
ice-out in a hyper-eutrophic, coastal pond in Antarctica, Environ. Res.
Lett., 8, 045–015, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/045015, 2013.
Chen, Q., Ikemori, F., Higo, H., Asakawa, D., and Mochida, M.: Chemical
structural characteristics of HULIS and other fractionated organic matter in
urban aerosols: Results from mass spectral and FT-IR analysis, Environ. Sci.
Technol., 50, 1721–1730, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b05277, 2016a.
Chen, Q., Miyazaki, Y., Kawamura, K., Matsumoto, K., Coburn, S., Volkamer,
R., Iwamoto, Y., Kagami, S., Deng, Y., Ogawa, S., Ramasamy, S., Kato, S.,
Ida, A., Kajii, Y., and Mochida, M.: Characterization of chromophoric
water-soluble organic matter in urban, forest, and marine aerosols by
HR-ToF-AMS analysis and excitation–emission matrix spectroscopy, Environ.
Sci. Technol., 50, 10351–10360, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b01643,
2016b.
Chen, Q., Ikemori, F., Nakamura, Y., Vodicka, P., Kawamura, K., and Mochida,
M.: Structural and light-absorption characteristics of complex
water-insoluble organic mixtures in urban submicrometer aerosols, Environ.
Sci. Technol., 51, 8293–8303, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b01630,
2017.
Chen, Q., Mu, Z., Song, W., Wang, Y., Yang, Z., Zhang, L., and Zhang, Y. L.:
Size-resolved characterization of the chromophores in atmospheric
particulate matter from a typical coal-burning city in China, J. Geophys.
Res.-Atmos., 124, 10546–10563, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JD031149, 2019.
Chen, Q., Li, J., Hua, X., Jiang, X., Mu, Z., Wang, M., Wang, J., Shan, M.,
Yang, X., and Fan, X.: Identification of species and sources of atmospheric
chromophores by fluorescence excitation-emission matrix with parallel factor
analysis, Sci. Total. Environ., 718, 137322,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137322, 2020.
Coble, P., Lead, J., Baker, A., Reynolds, D. M., and Spencer, R. (Eds.): Aquatic Organic Matter Fluorescence, Cambridge University Press, New York, USA, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139045452, 2014.
Colthup, N. B., Daly, L. H., and Wiberley, S. E. (Eds.): Introduction to Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy, Academic press, New York and London, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-091740-5.50003-X, 1990.
Craig, R. L., Peterson, P. K., Nandy, L., Lei, Z., Hossain, M. A., Camarena,
S., Dodson, R. A., Cook, R. D., Dutcher, C. S., and Ault, A. P.: Direct
determination of aerosol pH: Size-resolved measurements of submicrometer and
supermicrometer aqueous particles, Anal. Chem., 90, 11232–11239,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00586, 2018.
Deshmukh, D. K., Kawamura, K., Lazaar, M., Kunwar, B., and Boreddy, S. K. R.: Dicarboxylic acids, oxoacids, benzoic acid, α-dicarbonyls, WSOC, OC, and ions in spring aerosols from Okinawa Island in the western North Pacific Rim: size distributions and formation processes, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 5263–5282, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-5263-2016, 2016.
Dryer, D. J., Korshin, G. V., and Fabbricino, M.: In situ examination of the
protonation behavior of fulvic acids using differential absorbance
spectroscopy, Environ. Sci. Technol., 42, 6644–6649,
https://doi.org/10.1021/es800741u, 2008.
Duarte, R. M. B. O., Pio, C. A., and Duarte, A. C.: Spectroscopic study of
the water-soluble organic matter isolated from atmospheric aerosols
collected under different atmospheric conditions, Anal. Chim. Acta, 530,
7–14, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2004.08.049, 2005.
Duarte, R. M. B. O., Santos, E. B. H., Pio, C. A., and Duarte, A. C.:
Comparison of structural features of water-soluble organic matter from
atmospheric aerosols with those of aquatic humic substances, Atmos.
Environ., 41, 8100–8113, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.06.034,
2007.
Fan, X., Cao, T., Yu, X., Wang, Y., Xiao, X., Li, F., Xie, Y., Ji, W., Song, J., and Peng, P.: The evolutionary behavior of chromophoric brown carbon during ozone aging of fine particles from biomass burning, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 4593–4605, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4593-2020, 2020.
Frka, S., Grgiæ, I., Turiè, J., Gini, M. I., and Eleftheriadis, K.:
Seasonal variability of carbon in humic-like matter of ambient
size-segregated water soluble organic aerosols from urban background
environment, Atmos. Environ., 173, 239–247,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.11.013, 2018.
Frka, S., Šala, M., Brodnik, H., Štefane, B., Krofliè, A., and
Grgiæ, I.: Seasonal variability of nitroaromatic compounds in ambient
aerosols: Mass size distribution, possible sources and contribution to
water-soluble brown carbon light absorption, Chemosphere, 299, 134381,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134381, 2022.
Fu, P., Kawamura, K., Chen, J., Qin, M., Ren, L., Sun, Y., Wang, Z., Barrie,
L. A., Tachibana, E., and Ding, A.: Fluorescent water-soluble organic
aerosols in the High Arctic atmosphere, Sci. Rep.-UK, 5, 9845,
https://doi.org/10.1038/srep09845, 2015.
Ge, M., Tong, S., Wang, W., Zhang, W., Chen, M., Peng, C., Li, J., Zhou, L.,
Chen, Y., and Liu, M.: Important oxidants and their impact on the
environmental effects of aerosols, J. Phys. Chem. A., 125, 3813–3825,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.0c10236, 2021.
Geng, X., Mo, Y., Li, J., Zhong, G., Tang, J., Jiang, H., Ding, X., Malik,
R. N., and Zhang, G.: Source apportionment of water-soluble brown carbon in
aerosols over the northern South China Sea: Influence from land outflow, SOA
formation and marine emission, Atmos. Environ., 229, 117484,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117484, 2020.
Horník, Š., Sýkora, J., Pokorná, P., Vodièka, P.,
Schwarz, J., and Dímal, V.: Detailed NMR analysis of water-soluble
organic compounds in size-resolved particulate matter seasonally collected
at a suburban site in Prague, Atmos. Environ., 267, 118757,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118757, 2021.
Hu, B., Wang, P., Wang, C., Qian, J., Bao, T., and Shi, Y.: Investigating
spectroscopic and copper-binding characteristics of organic matter derived
from sediments and suspended particles using EEM-PARAFAC combined with
two-dimensional fluorescence/FTIR correlation analyses, Chemosphere, 219,
45–53, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00654-4, 2019.
Huang, S., Luo, Y., Wang, X., Zhang, T., Lei, Y., Zeng, Y., Sun, J., Che,
H., Xu, H., Cao, J., and Shen, Z.: Optical properties, chemical functional
group, and oxidative activity of different polarity levels of water-soluble
organic matter in PM2.5 from biomass and coal combustion in rural areas
in Northwest China, Atmos. Environ., 283, 119179,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119179, 2022.
Huo, S., Xi, B., Yu, H., He, L., and Fan, S.: Characteristics of dissolved
organic matter (DOM) in leachate with different landfill ages, J. Environ.
Sci., 20, 492–498, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1001-0742(08)62085-9, 2008.
Jane, S. F., Winslow, L. A., Remucal, C. K., and Rose, K. C.: Long-term
trends and synchrony in dissolved organic matter characteristics in
Wisconsin, USA, lakes: quality, not quantity, is highly sensitive to
climate, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 122, 546–561,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JG003630, 2017.
Jang, K. S., Choi, A. Y., Choi, M., Kang, H., Kim, T. W., and Park, K. T.:
Size-segregated chemical compositions of HULISs in ambient aerosols
collected during the winter season in Songdo, South Korea, Atmosphere, 10,
226, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10040226, 2019.
Korshin, G. V., Li, C. W., and Benjamin, M. M.: The decrease of UV
absorbance as an indicator of TOX formation, Water Res., 31, 946–949,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(96)00393-4, 1997.
Kuang, Y., Shang, J., and Chen, Q.: Effect of ozone aging on light
absorption and fluorescence of brown carbon in soot particles: The important
role of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, J. Hazard. Mater., 413, 125406,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125406, 2021.
Laskin, A., Laskin, J., and Nizkorodov, S. A.: Chemistry of atmospheric
brown carbon, Chem. Rev., 115, 4335–4382,
https://doi.org/10.1021/cr5006167, 2015.
Lin, P., Aiona, P. K., Li, Y., Shiraiwa, M., Laskin, J., Nizkorodov, S. A.,
and Laskin, A.: Molecular characterization of brown carbon in biomass
burning aerosol particles, Environ. Sci. Technol., 50, 11815–11824,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b03024, 2016.
Liu, S., Benedetti, M. F., Han, W., and Korshin, G. V.: Comparison of the
properties of standard soil and aquatic fulvic and humic acids based on the
data of differential absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy, Chemosphere.,
261, 128189, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128189, 2020.
Ma, L., Li, Z., Li, B., Fu, D., Sun, X., Sun, S., Lu, L., Jiang, J., Meng,
F., Qi, H., and Zhang, R.: Light-absorption and fluorescence fingerprinting
characteristics of water and methanol soluble organic compounds in
PM2.5 in cold regions of Northeast China, Sci. Total. Environ., 832,
155081, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155081, 2022.
Mo, Y., Li, J., Liu, J., Zhong, G., Cheng, Z., Tian, C., Chen, Y., and
Zhang, G.: The influence of solvent and pH on determination of the light
absorption properties of water-soluble brown carbon, Atmos. Environ., 161,
90–98, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.04.037, 2017.
Mu, S., Wang, S., Liang, S., Xiao, K., Fan, H., Han, B., Liu, C., Wang, X.,
and Huang, X.: Effect of the relative degree of foulant “hydrophobicity”
on membrane fouling, J. Membr. Sci., 570, 1–8,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2018.10.023, 2019.
Pandey, A., Hsu, A., Tiwari, S., Pervez, S., and Chakrabarty, R. K.: Light
absorption by organic aerosol emissions rivals that of black carbon from
residential biomass fuels in South Asia, Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett., 7,
266–272, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00058, 2020.
Park, S., Cho, S. Y., and Bae, M. S.: Source identification of water-soluble
organic aerosols at a roadway site using a positive matrix factorization
analysis, Sci. Total. Environ., 533, 410–421,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.004, 2015.
Phillips, S. M., Bellcross, A. D., and Smith, G. D.: Light absorption by
brown carbon in the Southeastern United States is pH-dependent, Environ.
Sci. Technol., 51, 6782–6790, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b01116,
2017.
Qin, J., Zhang, L., Zhou, X., Duan, J., Mu, S., Xiao, K., Hu, J., and Tan,
J.: Fluorescence fingerprinting properties for exploring water-soluble
organic compounds in PM2.5 in an industrial city of northwest China,
Atmos. Environ., 184, 203–211,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.04.049, 2018.
Qin, J., Tan, J., Zhou, X., Yang, Y., Qin, Y., Wang, X., Shi, S., Xiao, K., and Wang, X.: Measurement report: Particle-size-dependent fluorescence properties of water-soluble organic compounds (WSOCs) and their atmospheric implications for the aging of WSOCs, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 465–479, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-465-2022, 2022.
Qin, Y., Yang, Y., Qin, J., Zhang, L., Guo, S., Zhou, X., Chen, R., Tan, J.,
Xiao, K., and Wang, X.: pH-responsive fluorescence EEM to titrate the
interaction between fluorophores and acid/base groups in water-soluble
organic compounds of PM2.5, Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett., 8, 108–113,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00645, 2021.
Qin, Y., Qin, J., Wang, X., Xiao, K., Qi, T., Gao, Y., Zhou, X., Shi, S.,
Li, J., Gao, J., Zhang, Z., Tan, J., Zhang, Y., and Chen, R.: Measurement
Report: Investigation of pH- and particle-size-dependent chemical and
optical properties of water-soluble organic carbon: implications for its
sources and aging processes, Zenodo [data set],
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7067423, 2022a.
Qin, Y., Qin, J., Zhou, X., Yang, Y., Chen, R., Tan, J., Xiao, K., and Wang,
X.: Effects of pH on light absorption properties of water-soluble organic
compounds in particulate matter emitted from typical emission sources, J.
Hazard. Mater., 424, 127688, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127688,
2022b.
Sannigrahi, P., Sullivan, A. P., Weber, R. J., and Ingall, E. D.:
Characterization of water-soluble organic carbon in urban atmospheric
aerosols using solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy, Environ. Sci. Technol., 40,
666–672, https://doi.org/10.1021/es051150i, 2006.
Schendorf, T. M., Del Vecchio, R., Bianca, M., and Blough, N. V.: Combined
effects of pH and borohydride reduction on the optical properties of humic
substances (HS): A comparison of optical models, Environ. Sci. Technol., 53,
6310–6319, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b01516, 2019.
Schulman, S. G., Winefordner, J. D., and Kolthoff, I. M. (Eds.): Molecular Luminescence Spectroscopy: Methods and Applications, Wiley, New York, 1985.
Snyder, D. C., Rutter, A. P., Collins, R., Worley, C., and Schauer, J. J.:
Insights into the origin of water soluble organic carbon in atmospheric fine
particulate matter, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 43, 1099–1107,
https://doi.org/10.1080/02786820903188701, 2009.
Sun, Y., Zhang, Q., Zheng, M., Ding, X., Edgerton, E. S., and Wang, X.:
Characterization and source apportionment of water-soluble organic matter in
atmospheric fine particles (PM2.5) with high-resolution aerosol mass
spectrometry and GC–MS, Environ. Sci. Technol., 45, 4854–4861,
https://doi.org/10.1021/es200162h, 2011.
Timonen, H., Saarikoski, S., Tolonen-Kivimäki, O., Aurela, M., Saarnio, K., Petäjä, T., Aalto, P. P., Kulmala, M., Pakkanen, T., and Hillamo, R.: Size distributions, sources and source areas of water-soluble organic carbon in urban background air, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 5635–5647, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-5635-2008, 2008.
Wang, L., Wang, Y., Li, Y., Zhang, W., Zhang, H., Niu, L., and Habibul, N.:
Benthic biofilm bacterial communities and their linkage with water-soluble
organic matter in effluent receivers, Int. J. Environ., 19, 1994,
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19041994, 2022.
Wang, X. M. and Waite, T. D.: Role of gelling soluble and colloidal
microbial products in membrane fouling, Environ. Sci. Technol., 43,
9341–9347, https://doi.org/10.1021/es9013129, 2009.
Wang, Y., Hu, M., Wang, Y., Zheng, J., Shang, D., Yang, Y., Liu, Y., Li, X., Tang, R., Zhu, W., Du, Z., Wu, Y., Guo, S., Wu, Z., Lou, S., Hallquist, M., and Yu, J. Z.: The formation of nitro-aromatic compounds under high NOx and anthropogenic VOC conditions in urban Beijing, China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 7649–7665, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7649-2019, 2019.
Wu, C., Zhu, B., Liang, W., Ruan, T., and Jiang, G.: Molecular
characterization of nitrogen-containing organic compounds in fractionated
atmospheric humic-like substances (HULIS) and its relationship with optical
properties, Sci. Total. Environ., 832, 155043,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155043, 2022.
Wu, G., Wan, X., Gao, S., Fu, P., Yin, Y., Li, G., Zhang, G., Kang, S., Ram,
K., and Cong, Z.: Humic-like substances (HULIS) in aerosols of central
Tibetan Plateau (Nam Co, 4730 m asl): Abundance, light absorption
properties, and sources, Environ. Sci. Technol., 52, 7203–7211,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b01251, 2018.
Wu, G., Fu, P., Ram, K., Song, J., Chen, Q., Kawamura, K., Wan, X., Kang,
S., Wang, X., Laskin, A., and Cong, Z.: Fluorescence characteristics of
water-soluble organic carbon in atmospheric aerosol, Environ. Pollut., 268,
115906, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115906, 2021.
Wu, J., Zhang, H., He, P. J., and Shao, L. M.: Insight into the heavy metal
binding potential of dissolved organic matter in MSW leachate using EEM
quenching combined with PARAFAC analysis, Water Res., 45, 1711–1719,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2010.11.022, 2011.
Xiang, P., Zhou, X., Duan, J., Tan, J., and He, K.: Chemical characteristics
of water-soluble organic compounds (WSOC) in PM2.5 in Beijing, China:
2011–2012, Atmos. Res., 183, 104–112,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2016.08.020, 2017.
Xiao, K., Shen, Y. X., Liang, S., Liang, P., Wang, X. M., and Huang, X.: A
systematic analysis of fouling evolution and irreversibility behaviors of
MBR supernatant hydrophilic/hydrophobic fractions during microfiltration, J.
Membr. Sci., 467, 206–216, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2014.05.030,
2014.
Xiao, K., Liang, S., Xiao, A., Lei, T., Tan, J., Wang, X., and Huang, X.:
Fluorescence quotient of excitation–emission matrices as a potential
indicator of organic matter behavior in membrane bioreactors, Environ. Sci.
Water Res. Technol., 4, 281–290, https://doi.org/10.1039/C7EW00270J, 2018a.
Xiao, K., Shen, Y., Sun, J., Liang, S., Fan, H., Tan, J., Wang, X., Huang,
X., and Waite, T. D.: Correlating fluorescence spectral properties with DOM
molecular weight and size distribution in wastewater treatment systems,
Environ. Sci. Water Res. Technol., 4, 1933–1943,
https://doi.org/10.1039/C8EW00504D, 2018b.
Xiao, K., Han, B., Sun, J., Tan, J., Yu, J., Liang, S., Shen, Y., and Huang,
X.: Stokes shift and specific fluorescence as potential indicators of
organic matter hydrophobicity and molecular weight in membrane bioreactors,
Environ. Sci. Technol., 53, 8985–8993,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b02114, 2019.
Xiao, K., Yu, J., Wang, S., Du, J., Tan, J., Xue, K., Wang, Y., and Huang,
X.: Relationship between fluorescence excitation-emission matrix properties
and the relative degree of DOM hydrophobicity in wastewater treatment
effluents, Chemosphere., 254, 126830,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126830, 2020.
Yang, Y., Qin, J., Qi, T., Zhou, X., Chen, R., Tan, J., Xiao, K., Ji, D.,
He, K., and Chen, X.: Fluorescence characteristics of particulate
water-soluble organic compounds emitted from coal-fired boilers, Atmos.
Environ., 223, 117297, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117297, 2020.
Young, T. R., Li, W., Guo, A., Korshin, G. V., and Dodd, M. C.:
Characterization of disinfection byproduct formation and associated changes
to dissolved organic matter during solar photolysis of free available
chlorine, Water Res., 146, 318–327,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2018.09.022, 2018.
Yu, J., Yu, G. H., Park, S., and Bae, M. S.: Chemical and absorption
characteristics of water-soluble organic carbon and humic-like substances in
size-segregated particles from biomass burning emissions, Asian J.
Atmos. Environ., 11, 96–106,
https://doi.org/10.5572/ajae.2017.11.2.096, 2017.
Zhang, T., Shen, Z., Zeng, Y., Cheng, C., Wang, D., Zhang, Q., Lei, Y.,
Zhang, Y., Sun, J., Xu, H., Ho, S. S. H., and Cao, J.: Light absorption
properties and molecular profiles of HULIS in PM2.5 emitted from
biomass burning in traditional “Heated Kang” in Northwest China, Sci.
Total. Environ., 776, 146014–146022,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146014, 2021.
Zhang, T., Huang, S., Wang, D., Sun, J., Zhang, Q., Xu, H., Hang Ho, S. S.,
Cao, J., and Shen, Z.: Seasonal and diurnal variation of PM2.5 HULIS
over Xi'an in Northwest China: Optical properties, chemical functional
group, and relationship with reactive oxygen species (ROS), Atmos. Environ.,
268, 118782, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118782, 2022.
Zhang, Y., Wei, D., Huang, R., Yang, M., Zhang, S., Dou, X., Wang, D., and
Vimonses, V.: Binding mechanisms and QSAR modeling of aromatic pollutant
biosorption on Penicillium oxalicum biomass, Chem. Eng. J., 166, 624–630,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2010.11.034, 2011.
Short summary
Deep interrogation of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in aerosols is critical and challenging considering its involvement in many key aerosol-associated chemical reactions. This work examined how the chemical structures (functional groups) and optical properties (UV/fluorescence properties) of WSOC were affected by pH and particle size. We found that the pH- and particle-size-dependent behaviors could be used to reveal the structures, sources, and aging of aerosol WSOC.
Deep interrogation of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in aerosols is critical and...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint