Articles | Volume 20, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5405-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5405-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
08 May 2020
Research article |
| 08 May 2020
| 08 May 2020
Characteristics of methanesulfonic acid, non-sea-salt sulfate and organic carbon aerosols over the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica
Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon
21990, Republic of Korea
Sang-Bum Hong
Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon
21990, Republic of Korea
Meilian Chen
Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006,
Republic of Korea
Environmental program, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of
Technology, Shantou 515063, China
Jin Hur
Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006,
Republic of Korea
Liping Jiao
Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen
361005, China
Youngju Lee
Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon
21990, Republic of Korea
Keyhong Park
Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon
21990, Republic of Korea
Doshik Hahm
Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
Jung-Ok Choi
Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon
21990, Republic of Korea
Eun Jin Yang
Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon
21990, Republic of Korea
Jisoo Park
Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon
21990, Republic of Korea
Tae-Wan Kim
Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon
21990, Republic of Korea
SangHoon Lee
Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon
21990, Republic of Korea
Related authors
Yange Deng, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Kohei Ikeda, Sohiko Kameyama, Sachiko Okamoto, Jinyoung Jung, Young Jun Yoon, Eun Jin Yang, and Sung-Ho Kang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6339–6357, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6339-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6339-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Black carbon (BC) aerosols play important roles in Arctic climate change, yet they are not well understood because of limited observational data. We observed BC mass concentrations (mBC) in the western Arctic Ocean during summer and early autumn 2016–2020. The mean mBC in 2019 was much higher than in other years. Biomass burning was likely the dominant BC source. Boreal fire BC transport occurring near the surface and/or in the mid-troposphere contributed to high-BC events in the Arctic Ocean.
Charlotte Eich, Mathijs van Manen, J. Scott P. McCain, Loay J. Jabre, Willem H. van de Poll, Jinyoung Jung, Sven B. E. H. Pont, Hung-An Tian, Indah Ardiningsih, Gert-Jan Reichart, Erin M. Bertrand, Corina P. D. Brussaard, and Rob Middag
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1508, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1508, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Phytoplankton growth in the Southern Ocean (SO) is often limited by low iron (Fe) concentrations. Sea surface warming impacts Fe availability and can affect phytoplankton growth. We used Fe clean shipboard incubations to test how changes in Fe and temperature affect SO phytoplankton. Their abundances usually increased with Fe addition and temperature increase, with Fe being the major factor. These findings imply potential shifts in ecosystem structure, impacting food webs and elemental cycling.
Jinyoung Jung, Yuzo Miyazaki, Jin Hur, Yun Kyung Lee, Mi Hae Jeon, Youngju Lee, Kyoung-Ho Cho, Hyun Young Chung, Kitae Kim, Jung-Ok Choi, Catherine Lalande, Joo-Hong Kim, Taejin Choi, Young Jun Yoon, Eun Jin Yang, and Sung-Ho Kang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4663–4684, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4663-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4663-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study examined the summertime fluorescence properties of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in aerosols over the western Arctic Ocean. We found that the WSOC in fine-mode aerosols in coastal areas showed a higher polycondensation degree and aromaticity than in sea-ice-covered areas. The fluorescence properties of atmospheric WSOC in the summertime marine Arctic boundary can improve our understanding of the WSOC chemical and biological linkages at the ocean–sea-ice–atmosphere interface.
Jiyeon Park, Manuel Dall'Osto, Kihong Park, Yeontae Gim, Hyo Jin Kang, Eunho Jang, Ki-Tae Park, Minsu Park, Seong Soo Yum, Jinyoung Jung, Bang Yong Lee, and Young Jun Yoon
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 5573–5590, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5573-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5573-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The physical properties of aerosol particles throughout the Arctic Ocean and Pacific Ocean were measured aboard the Korean icebreaker R/V Araon during the summer of 2017. A number of new particle formation (NPF) events and growth were frequently observed in both Arctic terrestrial and Arctic marine air masses. This suggests that terrestrial ecosystems – including river outflows and tundra – strongly affect aerosol emissions in the Arctic coastal areas, affecting
radiative forcing.
Jinpei Yan, Jinyoung Jung, Miming Zhang, Federico Bianchi, Yee Jun Tham, Suqing Xu, Qi Lin, Shuhui Zhao, Lei Li, and Liqi Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 3259–3271, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-3259-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-3259-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Methanesulfonic acid (MSA) is important to the CCN in the MBL. The uptake of MSA on particles is lacking in knowledge. The characteristics of MSA uptake on different particles were studied in the Southern Ocean. The MSA uptake on different particles was associated with particle properties. Uptake of MSA on sea salt particles was favored, while acidic and hydrophobic particles suppressed the MSA uptake. The results extend the knowledge of MSA formation and behavior in the atmosphere.
Joo-Eun Yoon, Kyu-Cheul Yoo, Alison M. Macdonald, Ho-Il Yoon, Ki-Tae Park, Eun Jin Yang, Hyun-Cheol Kim, Jae Il Lee, Min Kyung Lee, Jinyoung Jung, Jisoo Park, Jiyoung Lee, Soyeon Kim, Seong-Su Kim, Kitae Kim, and Il-Nam Kim
Biogeosciences, 15, 5847–5889, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5847-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5847-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Our paper provides an intensive overview of the artificial ocean iron fertilization (aOIF) experiments conducted over the last 25 years to test Martin’s hypothesis, discusses aOIF-related important unanswered open questions, suggests considerations for the design of future aOIF experiments to maximize their effectiveness, and introduces design guidelines for a future Korean Iron Fertilization Experiment in the Southern Ocean.
J. Jung, H. Furutani, M. Uematsu, S. Kim, and S. Yoon
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 411–428, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-411-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-411-2013, 2013
Yange Deng, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Kohei Ikeda, Sohiko Kameyama, Sachiko Okamoto, Jinyoung Jung, Young Jun Yoon, Eun Jin Yang, and Sung-Ho Kang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6339–6357, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6339-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6339-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Black carbon (BC) aerosols play important roles in Arctic climate change, yet they are not well understood because of limited observational data. We observed BC mass concentrations (mBC) in the western Arctic Ocean during summer and early autumn 2016–2020. The mean mBC in 2019 was much higher than in other years. Biomass burning was likely the dominant BC source. Boreal fire BC transport occurring near the surface and/or in the mid-troposphere contributed to high-BC events in the Arctic Ocean.
Charlotte Eich, Mathijs van Manen, J. Scott P. McCain, Loay J. Jabre, Willem H. van de Poll, Jinyoung Jung, Sven B. E. H. Pont, Hung-An Tian, Indah Ardiningsih, Gert-Jan Reichart, Erin M. Bertrand, Corina P. D. Brussaard, and Rob Middag
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1508, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1508, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Phytoplankton growth in the Southern Ocean (SO) is often limited by low iron (Fe) concentrations. Sea surface warming impacts Fe availability and can affect phytoplankton growth. We used Fe clean shipboard incubations to test how changes in Fe and temperature affect SO phytoplankton. Their abundances usually increased with Fe addition and temperature increase, with Fe being the major factor. These findings imply potential shifts in ecosystem structure, impacting food webs and elemental cycling.
Jiao Xue, Tian Zhang, Keyhong Park, Jinpei Yan, Young Jun Yoon, Jiyeon Park, and Bingbing Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2646, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2646, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ice formation by aerosol particles is an important way of making mixed-phase and ice clouds. Here, we showed that particles collected in the marine atmosphere with different composition and mixing state show a variety of ice nucleation abilities. Characterization of ice nucleating particles indicates that aging process may impact on their abilities to form ice. Comprehensive characterizations of particles and their mixing state are needed for better understanding in aerosol-cloud interactions.
Jinyoung Jung, Yuzo Miyazaki, Jin Hur, Yun Kyung Lee, Mi Hae Jeon, Youngju Lee, Kyoung-Ho Cho, Hyun Young Chung, Kitae Kim, Jung-Ok Choi, Catherine Lalande, Joo-Hong Kim, Taejin Choi, Young Jun Yoon, Eun Jin Yang, and Sung-Ho Kang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 4663–4684, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4663-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4663-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study examined the summertime fluorescence properties of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in aerosols over the western Arctic Ocean. We found that the WSOC in fine-mode aerosols in coastal areas showed a higher polycondensation degree and aromaticity than in sea-ice-covered areas. The fluorescence properties of atmospheric WSOC in the summertime marine Arctic boundary can improve our understanding of the WSOC chemical and biological linkages at the ocean–sea-ice–atmosphere interface.
Vår Dundas, Elin Darelius, Kjersti Daae, Nadine Steiger, Yoshihiro Nakayama, and Tae-Wan Kim
Ocean Sci., 18, 1339–1359, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-1339-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-1339-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Ice shelves in the Amundsen Sea are thinning rapidly as ocean currents bring warm water into cavities beneath the floating ice. We use 2-year-long mooring records and 16-year-long model simulations to describe the hydrography and circulation near the ice front between Siple and Carney Islands. We find that temperatures here are lower than at neighboring ice fronts and that the transport of heat toward the cavity is governed by wind stress over the Amundsen Sea continental shelf.
Miming Zhang, Jinpei Yan, Qi Lin, Hongguo Zheng, Keyhong Park, Shuhui Zhao, Suqing Xu, Meina Ruan, Shanshan Wang, Xinlin Zhong, and Suli Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-454, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-454, 2022
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
Extremely low contribution of DMS chemistry to the aerosols over the high AO was determined by the inhibition of marine phytoplankton, which extends the knowledge how will biogenic sulfur cycle impact the regional climate as AO sea ice retreat in the future.
Giyoon Lee, Jinho Ahn, Hyeontae Ju, Florian Ritterbusch, Ikumi Oyabu, Christo Buizert, Songyi Kim, Jangil Moon, Sambit Ghosh, Kenji Kawamura, Zheng-Tian Lu, Sangbum Hong, Chang Hee Han, Soon Do Hur, Wei Jiang, and Guo-Min Yang
The Cryosphere, 16, 2301–2324, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2301-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-2301-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Blue-ice areas (BIAs) have several advantages for reconstructing past climate. However, the complicated ice flow in the area hinders constraining the age. We applied state-of-the-art techniques and found that the ages cover the last deglaciation period. Our study demonstrates that the BIA in northern Victoria Land may help reconstruct the past climate during the termination of the last glacial period.
Raffaello Nardin, Mirko Severi, Alessandra Amore, Silvia Becagli, Francois Burgay, Laura Caiazzo, Virginia Ciardini, Giuliano Dreossi, Massimo Frezzotti, Sang-Bum Hong, Ishaq Khan, Bianca Maria Narcisi, Marco Proposito, Claudio Scarchilli, Enricomaria Selmo, Andrea Spolaor, Barbara Stenni, and Rita Traversi
Clim. Past, 17, 2073–2089, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2073-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-2073-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The first step to exploit all the potential information buried in ice cores is to produce a reliable age scale. Based on chemical and isotopic records from the 197 m Antarctic GV7(B) ice core, accurate dating was achieved and showed that the archive spans roughly the last 830 years. The relatively high accumulation rate allowed us to use the non-sea-salt sulfate seasonal pattern to count annual layers. The accumulation rate reconstruction exhibited a slight increase since the 18th century.
Jiyeon Park, Manuel Dall'Osto, Kihong Park, Yeontae Gim, Hyo Jin Kang, Eunho Jang, Ki-Tae Park, Minsu Park, Seong Soo Yum, Jinyoung Jung, Bang Yong Lee, and Young Jun Yoon
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 5573–5590, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5573-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5573-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The physical properties of aerosol particles throughout the Arctic Ocean and Pacific Ocean were measured aboard the Korean icebreaker R/V Araon during the summer of 2017. A number of new particle formation (NPF) events and growth were frequently observed in both Arctic terrestrial and Arctic marine air masses. This suggests that terrestrial ecosystems – including river outflows and tundra – strongly affect aerosol emissions in the Arctic coastal areas, affecting
radiative forcing.
Wei Wei, Donald D. Blankenship, Jamin S. Greenbaum, Noel Gourmelen, Christine F. Dow, Thomas G. Richter, Chad A. Greene, Duncan A. Young, SangHoon Lee, Tae-Wan Kim, Won Sang Lee, and Karen M. Assmann
The Cryosphere, 14, 1399–1408, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-1399-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-1399-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Getz Ice Shelf is the largest meltwater source from Antarctica of the Southern Ocean. This study compares the relative importance of the meltwater production of Getz from both ocean and subglacial sources. We show that basal melt rates are elevated where bathymetric troughs provide pathways for warm Circumpolar Deep Water to enter the Getz Ice Shelf cavity. In particular, we find that subshelf melting is enhanced where subglacially discharged fresh water flows across the grounding line.
Jinpei Yan, Jinyoung Jung, Miming Zhang, Federico Bianchi, Yee Jun Tham, Suqing Xu, Qi Lin, Shuhui Zhao, Lei Li, and Liqi Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 3259–3271, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-3259-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-3259-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Methanesulfonic acid (MSA) is important to the CCN in the MBL. The uptake of MSA on particles is lacking in knowledge. The characteristics of MSA uptake on different particles were studied in the Southern Ocean. The MSA uptake on different particles was associated with particle properties. Uptake of MSA on sea salt particles was favored, while acidic and hydrophobic particles suppressed the MSA uptake. The results extend the knowledge of MSA formation and behavior in the atmosphere.
Youngjoon Jang, Sang Bum Hong, Christo Buizert, Hun-Gyu Lee, Sang-Young Han, Ji-Woong Yang, Yoshinori Iizuka, Akira Hori, Yeongcheol Han, Seong Joon Jun, Pieter Tans, Taejin Choi, Seong-Joong Kim, Soon Do Hur, and Jinho Ahn
The Cryosphere, 13, 2407–2419, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-2407-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-2407-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We can learn how human activity altered atmospheric air from the interstitial air in the porous snow layer (firn) on top of glaciers. However, old firn air (> 55 years) was observed only at sites where surface temperatures and snow accumulation rates are very low, such as the South Pole. In this study, we report an unusually old firn air with CO2 age of 93 years from Styx Glacier, near the Ross Sea coast in Antarctica. We hypothesize that the large snow density variations increase firn air ages.
Minkyoung Kim, Eun Jin Yang, Hyung Jeek Kim, Dongseon Kim, Tae-Wan Kim, Hyoung Sul La, SangHoon Lee, and Jeomshik Hwang
Biogeosciences, 16, 2683–2691, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2683-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2683-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Unexpectedly, in sediment traps deployed in the Antarctic Amundsen Sea to catch small sinking particles in the water, large benthic invertebrates such as long and slender worms, baby sea urchins, and small scallops were found. We suggest three hypotheses: lifting of these animals by anchor ice formation and subsequent transport by ice rafting, spending their juvenile period in a habitat underneath the sea ice and subsequent falling, or their active use of the current as a means of dispersal.
Eunho Jang, Ki-Tae Park, Young Jun Yoon, Tae-Wook Kim, Sang-Bum Hong, Silvia Becagli, Rita Traversi, Jaeseok Kim, and Yeontae Gim
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 7595–7608, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7595-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7595-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We reported long-term observations (from 2009 to 2016) of the nanoparticles measured at the Antarctic Peninsula (62.2° S, 58.8° W), and satellite-derived estimates of the biological characteristics were analyzed to identify the link between new particle formation and marine biota. The key finding from this research is that the formation of nanoparticles was strongly associated not only with the biomass of phytoplankton but, more importantly, also its taxonomic composition in the Antarctic Ocean.
Suqing Xu, Keyhong Park, Yanmin Wang, Liqi Chen, Di Qi, and Bingrui Li
Biogeosciences, 16, 797–810, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-797-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-797-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we applied the self-organizing map (SOM) method to estimate the oceanic pCO2 in Prydz Bay derived from its main controlling factors. The RMSE of the SOM-derived pCO2 was 22.14 µatm compared to SOCAT datasets. Our results showed that the monthly averaged uptake of atmospheric CO2 for February 2015 was 23.57±6.36 TgC. Strong potential anthropogenic CO2 uptake in the
shelf regionwill enhance ocean acidification (OA) in the deep water of Prydz Bay and subsequently affect deep OA.
Joo-Eun Yoon, Kyu-Cheul Yoo, Alison M. Macdonald, Ho-Il Yoon, Ki-Tae Park, Eun Jin Yang, Hyun-Cheol Kim, Jae Il Lee, Min Kyung Lee, Jinyoung Jung, Jisoo Park, Jiyoung Lee, Soyeon Kim, Seong-Su Kim, Kitae Kim, and Il-Nam Kim
Biogeosciences, 15, 5847–5889, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5847-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5847-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Our paper provides an intensive overview of the artificial ocean iron fertilization (aOIF) experiments conducted over the last 25 years to test Martin’s hypothesis, discusses aOIF-related important unanswered open questions, suggests considerations for the design of future aOIF experiments to maximize their effectiveness, and introduces design guidelines for a future Korean Iron Fertilization Experiment in the Southern Ocean.
Sang H. Lee, Bo Kyung Kim, Yu Jeong Lim, HuiTae Joo, Jae Joong Kang, Dabin Lee, Jisoo Park, Sun-Yong Ha, and Sang Hoon Lee
Biogeosciences, 14, 3705–3713, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3705-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3705-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Little information on the contribution of small-sized phytoplankton is currently available in the Amundsen Sea. Based on a strong negative correlation between the contributions of small phytoplankton and the total daily primary production of phytoplankton found in this study, we concluded that a potential decrease in total primary production would be led by increasing contribution of small phytoplankton in the Amundsen Sea under rapidly warming environmental conditions.
J. Jung, H. Furutani, M. Uematsu, S. Kim, and S. Yoon
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 411–428, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-411-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-411-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Aerosols | Research Activity: Field Measurements | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
Different formation pathways of nitrogen-containing organic compounds in aerosols and fog water in northern China
Impact of weather patterns and meteorological factors on PM2.5 and O3 responses to the COVID-19 lockdown in China
Daytime and nighttime aerosol soluble iron formation in clean and slightly polluted moist air in a coastal city in eastern China
Non-negligible secondary contribution to brown carbon in autumn and winter: inspiration from particulate nitrated and oxygenated aromatic compounds in urban Beijing
Simultaneous organic aerosol source apportionment at two Antarctic sites reveals large-scale and ecoregion-specific components
Measurement report: Optical characterization, seasonality, and sources of brown carbon in fine aerosols from Tianjin, North China: year-round observations
Bayesian inference-based estimation of hourly primary and secondary organic carbon in suburban Hong Kong: multi-temporal-scale variations and evolution characteristics during PM2.5 episodes
Measurement report: Characteristics of nitrogen-containing organics in PM2.5 in Ürümqi, northwestern China – differential impacts of combustion of fresh and aged biomass materials
Measurement report: Bio-physicochemistry of tropical clouds at Maïdo (Réunion, Indian Ocean): overview of results from the BIO-MAÏDO campaign
Chemical properties and single-particle mixing state of soot aerosol in Houston during the TRACER campaign
Characterizing water solubility of fresh and aged secondary organic aerosol in PM2.5 with the stable carbon isotope technique
Measurement report: Evaluation of the TOF-ACSM-CV for PM1.0 and PM2.5 measurements during the RITA-2021 field campaign
Sea salt reactivity over the northwest Atlantic: an in-depth look using the airborne ACTIVATE dataset
Measurement report: Atmospheric ice nuclei in the Changbai Mountains (2623 m a.s.l.) in northeastern Asia
Morphological and optical properties of carbonaceous aerosol particles from ship emissions and biomass burning during a summer cruise measurement in the South China Sea
Critical contribution of chemically diverse carbonyl molecules to the oxidative potential of atmospheric aerosols
Tropical tropospheric aerosol sources and chemical composition observed at high altitude in the Bolivian Andes
Chemical composition, sources and formation mechanism of urban PM2.5 in Southwest China: a case study at the beginning of 2023
Chemical characterization of atmospheric aerosols at a high-altitude mountain site: a study of source apportionment
Composition and sources of carbonaceous aerosol in the European Arctic at Zeppelin Observatory, Svalbard (2017 to 2020)
Measurement Report: Size-resolved secondary organic aerosol formation modulated by aerosol water uptake in wintertime haze
Variation in chemical composition and volatility of oxygenated organic aerosol in different rural, urban, and mountain environments
Elucidating the mechanisms of atmospheric new particle formation in the highly polluted Po Valley, Italy
Water-insoluble organic carbon in PM2.5 over China: light-absorbing properties, potential sources, radiative forcing effects and possible light-absorbing continuum
Diverging trends in aerosol sulfate and nitrate measured in the remote North Atlantic on Barbados are attributed to clean air policies, African smoke, and anthropogenic emissions
Local ship speed reduction effect on black carbon emissions measured at remote marine station
Roles of marine biota in the formation of atmospheric bioaerosols, cloud condensation nuclei, and ice-nucleating particles over the North Pacific Ocean, Bering Sea, and Arctic Ocean
Evolution of nucleophilic high molecular-weight organic compounds in ambient aerosols: a case study
Fractional solubility of iron in mineral dust aerosols over coastal Namibia: a link to marine biogenic emissions?
Real-world observations of reduced nitrogen and ultrafine particles in commercial cooking organic aerosol emissions
Source apportionment of PM2.5 in Montréal, Canada, and health risk assessment for potentially toxic elements
Physicochemical and temporal characteristics of individual atmospheric aerosol particles in urban Seoul during KORUS-AQ campaign: insights from single-particle analysis
Mass spectrometric analysis of unprecedented high levels of carbonaceous aerosol particles long-range transported from wildfires in the Siberian Arctic
Short-term source apportionment of fine particulate matter with time-dependent profiles using SoFi Pro: exploring the reliability of rolling positive matrix factorization (PMF) applied to bihourly molecular and elemental tracer data
Particulate-bound alkyl nitrate pollution and formation mechanisms in Beijing, China
Measurement report: Impact of emission control measures on environmental persistent free radicals and reactive oxygen species – A short-term case study in Beijing
Characterization of water-soluble brown carbon chromophores from wildfire plumes in the western USA using size-exclusion chromatography
Marine carbohydrates in Arctic aerosol particles and fog – diversity of oceanic sources and atmospheric transformations
Investigating the contribution of grown new particles to cloud condensation nuclei with largely varying preexisting particles – Part 1: Observational data analysis
Measurement report: Brown carbon aerosol in polluted urban air of the North China Plain – day–night differences in the chromophores and optical properties
Measurement report: Secondary organic aerosols at a forested mountain site in southeastern China
Source apportionment of soot particles and aqueous-phase processing of black carbon coatings in an urban environment
Technical note: Determining chemical composition of atmospheric single particles by a standard-free mass calibration algorithm
Seasonal variations in composition and sources of atmospheric ultrafine particles in urban Beijing based on near-continuous measurements
Summertime response of ozone and fine particulate matter to mixing layer meteorology over the North China Plain
Trace elements in PM2.5 aerosols in East Asian outflow in the spring of 2018: emission, transport, and source apportionment
Measurement Report: Investigation on the sources and formation processes of dicarboxylic acids and related species in urban aerosols before and during the COVID-19 lockdown in Jinan, East China
pH dependence of brown-carbon optical properties in cloud water
Oxidative potential in rural, suburban and city centre atmospheric environments in central Europe
Diverse mixing state and ice nucleation properties of aerosol particles over the Western Pacific and the Southern Ocean
Wei Sun, Xiaodong Hu, Yuzhen Fu, Guohua Zhang, Yujiao Zhu, Xinfeng Wang, Caiqing Yan, Likun Xue, He Meng, Bin Jiang, Yuhong Liao, Xinming Wang, Ping'an Peng, and Xinhui Bi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6987–6999, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6987-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6987-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The formation pathways of nitrogen-containing compounds (NOCs) in the atmosphere remain unclear. We investigated the composition of aerosols and fog water by state-of-the-art mass spectrometry and compared the formation pathways of NOCs. We found that NOCs in aerosols were mainly formed through nitration reaction, while ammonia addition played a more important role in fog water. The results deepen our understanding of the processes of organic particulate pollution.
Fuzhen Shen, Michaela I. Hegglin, and Yue Yuan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6539–6553, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6539-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6539-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We attempt to use a novel structural self-organising map and machine learning models to identify a weather system and quantify the importance of each meteorological factor in driving the unexpected PM2.5 and O3 changes under the specific weather system during the COVID-19 lockdown in China. The result highlights that temperature under the double-centre high-pressure system plays the most crucial role in abnormal events.
Wenshuai Li, Yuxuan Qi, Yingchen Liu, Guanru Wu, Yanjing Zhang, Jinhui Shi, Wenjun Qu, Lifang Sheng, Wencai Wang, Daizhou Zhang, and Yang Zhou
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6495–6508, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6495-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6495-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol particles from mainland can transport to oceans and deposit, providing soluble Fe and affecting phytoplankton growth. Thus, we studied the dissolution process of aerosol Fe and found that photochemistry played a key role in promoting Fe dissolution in clean conditions. RH-dependent reactions were more influential in slightly polluted conditions. These results highlight the distinct roles of two weather-related parameters (radiation and RH) in influencing geochemical cycles related to Fe.
Yanqin Ren, Zhenhai Wu, Yuanyuan Ji, Fang Bi, Junling Li, Haijie Zhang, Hao Zhang, Hong Li, and Gehui Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6525–6538, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6525-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6525-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Nitrated aromatic compounds (NACs) and oxygenated derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OPAHs) in PM2.5 were examined from an urban area in Beijing during the autumn and winter. The OPAH and NAC concentrations were much higher during heating than before heating. They majorly originated from the combustion of biomass and automobile emissions, and the secondary generation was the major contributor throughout the whole sampling period.
Marco Paglione, David C. S. Beddows, Anna Jones, Thomas Lachlan-Cope, Matteo Rinaldi, Stefano Decesari, Francesco Manarini, Mara Russo, Karam Mansour, Roy M. Harrison, Andrea Mazzanti, Emilio Tagliavini, and Manuel Dall'Osto
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6305–6322, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6305-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6305-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Applying factor analysis techniques to H-NMR spectra, we present the organic aerosol (OA) source apportionment of PM1 samples collected in parallel at two Antarctic stations, namely Signy and Halley, allowing investigation of aerosol–climate interactions in an unperturbed atmosphere. Our results show remarkable differences between pelagic (open-ocean) and sympagic (sea-ice-influenced) air masses and indicate that various sources and processes are controlling Antarctic aerosols.
Zhichao Dong, Chandra Mouli Pavuluri, Peisen Li, Zhanjie Xu, Junjun Deng, Xueyan Zhao, Xiaomai Zhao, Pingqing Fu, and Cong-Qiang Liu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5887–5905, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5887-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5887-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Comprehensive study of optical properties of brown carbon (BrC) in fine aerosols from Tianjin, China, implied that biological emissions are major sources of BrC in summer, whereas fossil fuel combustion and biomass burning emissions are in cold periods. The direct radiation absorption caused by BrC in short wavelengths contributed about 40 % to that caused by BrC in 300–700 nm. Water-insoluble but methanol-soluble BrC contains more protein-like chromophores (PLOM) than that of water-soluble BrC.
Shan Wang, Kezheng Liao, Zijing Zhang, Yuk Ying Cheng, Qiongqiong Wang, Hanzhe Chen, and Jian Zhen Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 5803–5821, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5803-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-5803-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, hourly primary and secondary organic carbon were estimated by a novel Bayesian inference approach in suburban Hong Kong. Their multi-temporal-scale variations and evolution characteristics during PM2.5 episodes were examined. The methodology could serve as a guide for other locations with similar monitoring capabilities. The observation-based results are helpful for understanding the evolving nature of secondary organic aerosols and refining the accuracy of model simulations.
Yi-Jia Ma, Yu Xu, Ting Yang, Hong-Wei Xiao, and Hua-Yun Xiao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4331–4346, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4331-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4331-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides field-based evidence about the differential impacts of combustion of fresh and aged biomass materials on aerosol nitrogen-containing organic compounds (NOCs) in different seasons in Ürümqi, bridging the linkages between the observations and previous laboratory studies showing the formation mechanisms of NOCs.
Maud Leriche, Pierre Tulet, Laurent Deguillaume, Frédéric Burnet, Aurélie Colomb, Agnès Borbon, Corinne Jambert, Valentin Duflot, Stéphan Houdier, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Mickaël Vaïtilingom, Pamela Dominutti, Manon Rocco, Camille Mouchel-Vallon, Samira El Gdachi, Maxence Brissy, Maroua Fathalli, Nicolas Maury, Bert Verreyken, Crist Amelynck, Niels Schoon, Valérie Gros, Jean-Marc Pichon, Mickael Ribeiro, Eric Pique, Emmanuel Leclerc, Thierry Bourrianne, Axel Roy, Eric Moulin, Joël Barrie, Jean-Marc Metzger, Guillaume Péris, Christian Guadagno, Chatrapatty Bhugwant, Jean-Mathieu Tibere, Arnaud Tournigand, Evelyn Freney, Karine Sellegri, Anne-Marie Delort, Pierre Amato, Muriel Joly, Jean-Luc Baray, Pascal Renard, Angelica Bianco, Anne Réchou, and Guillaume Payen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 4129–4155, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4129-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-4129-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol particles in the atmosphere play a key role in climate change and air pollution. A large number of aerosol particles are formed from the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs and secondary organic aerosols – SOA). An important field campaign was organized on Réunion in March–April 2019 to understand the formation of SOA in a tropical atmosphere mostly influenced by VOCs emitted by forest and in the presence of clouds. This work synthesizes the results of this campaign.
Ryan N. Farley, James E. Lee, Laura-Hélèna Rivellini, Alex K. Y. Lee, Rachael Dal Porto, Christopher D. Cappa, Kyle Gorkowski, Abu Sayeed Md Shawon, Katherine B. Benedict, Allison C. Aiken, Manvendra K. Dubey, and Qi Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3953–3971, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3953-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3953-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The black carbon aerosol composition and mixing state were characterized using a soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer. Single-particle measurements revealed the major role of atmospheric processing in modulating the black carbon mixing state. A significant fraction of soot particles were internally mixed with oxidized organic aerosol and sulfate, with implications for activation as cloud nuclei.
Fenghua Wei, Xing Peng, Liming Cao, Mengxue Tang, Ning Feng, Xiaofeng Huang, and Lingyan He
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-736, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-736, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The water solubility of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) is a crucial factor in determining their hygroscopicity and climatic impact. Stable carbon isotope and mass spectrometry techniques were combined to assess the water solubility of SOA with different aging degrees in a coastal megacity in China. This work revealed a much higher water-soluble fraction of aged SOA compared to fresh SOA, indicating that the aging degree of SOA has considerable impacts on its water solubility.
Xinya Liu, Bas Henzing, Arjan Hensen, Jan Mulder, Peng Yao, Danielle van Dinther, Jerry van Bronckhorst, Rujin Huang, and Ulrike Dusek
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3405–3420, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3405-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3405-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We evaluated the time-of-flight aerosol chemical speciation monitor (TOF-ACSM) following the implementation of the PM2.5 aerodynamic lens and a capture vaporizer (CV). The results showed that it significantly improved the accuracy and precision of ACSM in the field observations. The paper elucidates the measurement outcomes of various instruments and provides an analysis of their biases. This comprehensive evaluation is expected to benefit the ACSM community and other aerosol field measurements.
Eva-Lou Edwards, Yonghoon Choi, Ewan C. Crosbie, Joshua P. DiGangi, Glenn S. Diskin, Claire E. Robinson, Michael A. Shook, Edward L. Winstead, Luke D. Ziemba, and Armin Sorooshian
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3349–3378, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3349-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3349-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate Cl− depletion in sea salt particles over the northwest Atlantic from December 2021 to June 2022 using an airborne dataset. Losses of Cl− are greatest in May and least in December–February and March. Inorganic acidic species can account for all depletion observed for December–February, March, and June near Bermuda but none in May. Quantifying Cl− depletion as a percentage captures seasonal trends in depletion but fails to convey the effects it may have on atmospheric oxidation.
Yue Sun, Yujiao Zhu, Yanbin Qi, Lanxiadi Chen, Jiangshan Mu, Ye Shan, Yu Yang, Yanqiu Nie, Ping Liu, Can Cui, Ji Zhang, Mingxuan Liu, Lingli Zhang, Yufei Wang, Xinfeng Wang, Mingjin Tang, Wenxing Wang, and Likun Xue
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3241–3256, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3241-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3241-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Field observations were conducted at the summit of Changbai Mountain in northeast Asia. The cumulative number concentration of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) varied from 1.6 × 10−3 to 78.3 L−1 over the temperature range of −5.5 to −29.0 ℃. Biological INPs (bio-INPs) accounted for the majority of INPs, and the proportion exceeded 90% above −13.0 ℃. Planetary boundary layer height, valley breezes, and long-distance transport of air mass influence the abundance of bio-INPs.
Cuizhi Sun, Yongyun Zhang, Baoling Liang, Min Gao, Xi Sun, Fei Li, Xue Ni, Qibin Sun, Hengjia Ou, Dexian Chen, Shengzhen Zhou, and Jun Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 3043–3063, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3043-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-3043-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In a May–June 2021 expedition in the South China Sea, we analyzed black and brown carbon in marine aerosols, key to light absorption and climate impact. Using advanced in situ and microscope techniques, we observed particle size, structure, and tar balls mixed with various elements. Results showed biomass burning and fossil fuels majorly influence light absorption, especially during significant burning events. This research aids the understanding of carbonaceous aerosols' role in marine climate.
Feifei Li, Shanshan Tang, Jitao Lv, Shiyang Yu, Xu Sun, Dong Cao, Yawei Wang, and Guibin Jiang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-37, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-37, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Targeted derivatization and non-targeted analysis with FT-ICR MS were used to reveal the molecular composition of carbonyl molecules in PM2.5, and the important role of carbonyls in increasing the oxidative potential of organic aerosol was found in the real samples.
C. Isabel Moreno, Radovan Krejci, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Gaëlle Uzu, Andrés Alastuey, Marcos F. Andrade, Valeria Mardóñez, Alkuin Maximilian Koenig, Diego Aliaga, Claudia Mohr, Laura Ticona, Fernando Velarde, Luis Blacutt, Ricardo Forno, David N. Whiteman, Alfred Wiedensohler, Patrick Ginot, and Paolo Laj
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2837–2860, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2837-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2837-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol chemical composition (ions, sugars, carbonaceous matter) from 2011 to 2020 was studied at Mt. Chacaltaya (5380 m a.s.l., Bolivian Andes). Minimum concentrations occur in the rainy season with maxima in the dry and transition seasons. The origins of the aerosol are located in a radius of hundreds of kilometers: nearby urban and rural areas, natural biogenic emissions, vegetation burning from Amazonia and Chaco, Pacific Ocean emissions, soil dust, and Peruvian volcanism.
Junke Zhang, Yunfei Su, Chunying Chen, Wenkai Guo, Qinwen Tan, Miao Feng, Danlin Song, Tao Jiang, Qiang Chen, Yuan Li, Wei Li, Yizhi Wang, Xiaojuan Huang, Lin Han, Wanqing Wu, and Gehui Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2803–2820, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2803-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2803-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Typical haze events in Chengdu at the beginning of 2023 were investigated with bulk-chemical and single-particle analyses along with numerical model simulations. By integrating the obtained chemical composition, source, mixing state and numerical simulation results, we infer that Haze-1 was mainly caused by pollutants related to fossil fuel combustion, especially local mobile sources, while Haze-2 was triggered by the secondary pollutants, which mainly came from regional transmission.
Elena Barbaro, Matteo Feltracco, Fabrizio De Blasi, Clara Turetta, Marta Radaelli, Warren Cairns, Giulio Cozzi, Giovanna Mazzi, Marco Casula, Jacopo Gabrieli, Carlo Barbante, and Andrea Gambaro
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2821–2835, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2821-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2821-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The study analyzed a year of atmospheric aerosol composition at Col Margherita in the Italian Alps. Over 100 chemical markers were identified, including major ions, organic compounds, and trace elements. It revealed sources of aerosol, highlighted impacts of Saharan dust events, and showed anthropogenic pollution's influence despite the site's remoteness. Enrichment factors emphasized non-natural sources of trace elements. Source apportionment identified four key factors affecting the area.
Karl Espen Yttri, Are Bäcklund, Franz Conen, Sabine Eckhardt, Nikolaos Evangeliou, Markus Fiebig, Anne Kasper-Giebl, Avram Gold, Hans Gundersen, Cathrine Lund Myhre, Stephen Matthew Platt, David Simpson, Jason D. Surratt, Sönke Szidat, Martin Rauber, Kjetil Tørseth, Martin Album Ytre-Eide, Zhenfa Zhang, and Wenche Aas
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2731–2758, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2731-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2731-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We discuss carbonaceous aerosol (CA) observed at the high Arctic Zeppelin Observatory (2017 to 2020). We find that organic aerosol is a significant fraction of the Arctic aerosol, though less than sea salt aerosol and mineral dust, as well as non-sea-salt sulfate, originating mainly from anthropogenic sources in winter and from natural sources in summer, emphasizing the importance of wildfires for biogenic secondary organic aerosol and primary biological aerosol particles observed in the Arctic.
Jing Duan, Ru-Jin Huang, Ying Wang, Wei Xu, Haobin Zhong, Chunshui Lin, Wei Huang, Yifang Gu, Jurgita Ovadnevaite, Darius Ceburnis, and Colin O’Dowd
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-573, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-573, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The chemical composition of atmospheric particles showed significant changes in recent years. We investigated the potential effects of inorganics changes on aerosol water uptake and thus secondary organic aerosol formation in wintertime haze, based on the size-resolved measurements of non-refractory fine particulate matter (NR-PM2.5) in Xi’an, Northwest China. This study highlights the key role of aerosol water as a medium to link inorganics and organics in their multiphase processes.
Wei Huang, Cheng Wu, Linyu Gao, Yvette Gramlich, Sophie L. Haslett, Joel Thornton, Felipe D. Lopez-Hilfiker, Ben H. Lee, Junwei Song, Harald Saathoff, Xiaoli Shen, Ramakrishna Ramisetty, Sachchida N. Tripathi, Dilip Ganguly, Feng Jiang, Magdalena Vallon, Siegfried Schobesberger, Taina Yli-Juuti, and Claudia Mohr
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2607–2624, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2607-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2607-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We present distinct molecular composition and volatility of oxygenated organic aerosol particles in different rural, urban, and mountain environments. We do a comprehensive investigation of the relationship between the chemical composition and volatility of oxygenated organic aerosol particles across different systems and environments. This study provides implications for volatility descriptions of oxygenated organic aerosol particles in different model frameworks.
Jing Cai, Juha Sulo, Yifang Gu, Sebastian Holm, Runlong Cai, Steven Thomas, Almuth Neuberger, Fredrik Mattsson, Marco Paglione, Stefano Decesari, Matteo Rinaldi, Rujing Yin, Diego Aliaga, Wei Huang, Yuanyuan Li, Yvette Gramlich, Giancarlo Ciarelli, Lauriane Quéléver, Nina Sarnela, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Nora Zannoni, Cheng Wu, Wei Nie, Juha Kangasluoma, Claudia Mohr, Markku Kulmala, Qiaozhi Zha, Dominik Stolzenburg, and Federico Bianchi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 2423–2441, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2423-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2423-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
By combining field measurements, simulations and recent chamber experiments, we investigate new particle formation (NPF) and growth in the Po Valley, where both haze and frequent NPF occur. Our results show that sulfuric acid, ammonia and amines are the dominant NPF precursors there. A high NPF rate and a lower condensation sink lead to a greater survival probability for newly formed particles, highlighting the importance of gas-to-particle conversion for aerosol concentrations.
Yangzhi Mo, Jun Li, Guangcai Zhong, Sanyuan Zhu, Shizhen Zhao, Jiao Tang, Hongxing Jiang, Zhineng Cheng, Chongguo Tian, Yingjun Chen, and Gan Zhang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-130, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-130, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we found that biomass burning (31.0 %) and coal combustion (31.1 %), were the dominant sources of water-insoluble organic carbon in China, with coal combustion sources exhibited the strongest light-absorbing capacity. Additionally, we propose a light-absorbing carbonaceous continuum, revealing that components enriched with fossil sources tend to have stronger light-absorbing capacity, higher aromaticity, higher molecular weights, and greater recalcitrance in the atmosphere.
Cassandra J. Gaston, Joseph M. Prospero, Kristen Foley, Havala O. T. Pye, Lillian Custals, Edmund Blades, Peter Sealy, and James A. Christie
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-11, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-11, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
To understand how changing emissions have impacted aerosols in remote regions, we measured nitrate and sulfate at Barbados and compared to model predictions from EPA’s Air QUAlity TimE Series (EQUATES). Nitrate was stable except for spikes in 2008 and 2010 due to transported smoke. Sulfate decreased in the 1990s due to reductions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the U.S. and Europe, then increased in the 2000s due to anthropogenic emissions from Africa and more efficient oxidation of SO2.
Mikko Heikkilä, Krista Luoma, Timo Mäkelä, and Tiia Grönholm
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2823, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2823, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Black carbon (BC) concentration was measured from 211 ship exhaust gas plumes at a remote marine station. Emission factors of BC were calculated in grams/kilograms fuel. Ships using exhaust gas cleaning systems (EGCS) were found to emit 80 % less BC than ships without EGCS. Emission factors were used to model BC emissions as a function of speed to define the effect of speed reduction. BC emissions increased with a decrease in speed from the ship’s service speed.
Kaori Kawana, Fumikazu Taketani, Kazuhiko Matsumoto, Yutaka Tobo, Yoko Iwamoto, Takuma Miyakawa, Akinori Ito, and Yugo Kanaya
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1777–1799, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1777-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1777-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Based on comprehensive shipborne observations, we found strong links between sea-surface biological materials and the formation of atmospheric fluorescent bioaerosols, cloud condensation nuclei, and ice-nucleating particles over the Arctic Ocean and Bering Sea during autumn 2019. Taking the wind-speed effect into account, we propose equations to approximate the links for this cruise, which can be used as a guide for modeling as well as for systematic comparisons with other observations.
Chen He, Hanxiong Che, Zier Bao, Yiliang Liu, Qing Li, Miao Hu, Jiawei Zhou, Shumin Zhang, Xiaojiang Yao, Quan Shi, Chunmao Chen, Yan Han, Lingshuo Meng, Xin Long, Fumo Yang, and Yang Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1627–1639, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1627-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1627-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We examined the daily evolution of high molecular-weight organic compounds with a molecular weight of up to 1000 Da in order to comprehend their behaviors in the atmosphere under actual conditions. These compounds were proven to undergo multi-generation oxidation, carboxylation, and nitrification via both day- and nighttime chemistry.
Karine Desboeufs, Paola Formenti, Raquel Torres-Sánchez, Kerstin Schepanski, Jean-Pierre Chaboureau, Hendrik Andersen, Jan Cermak, Stefanie Feuerstein, Benoit Laurent, Danitza Klopper, Andreas Namwoonde, Mathieu Cazaunau, Servanne Chevaillier, Anaïs Feron, Cécile Mirande-Bret, Sylvain Triquet, and Stuart J. Piketh
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1525–1541, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1525-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1525-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates the fractional solubility of iron (Fe) in dust particles along the coast of Namibia, a critical region for the atmospheric Fe supply of the South Atlantic Ocean. Our results suggest a possible two-way interplay whereby marine biogenic emissions from the coastal marine ecosystems into the atmosphere would increase the solubility of Fe-bearing dust by photo-reduction processes. The subsequent deposition of soluble Fe could act to further enhance marine biogenic emissions.
Sunhye Kim, Jo Machesky, Drew R. Gentner, and Albert A. Presto
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1281–1298, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1281-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1281-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Cooking emissions are often an overlooked source of air pollution. We used a mobile lab to measure the characteristics of particles emitted from cooking sites in two cities. Our findings showed that cooking releases a substantial number of fine particles. While most emissions were similar, a bakery site showed distinctive chemical compositions with higher nitrogen compound levels. Thus, understanding the particle emissions from different cooking activities is crucial.
Nansi Fakhri, Robin Stevens, Arnold Downey, Konstantina Oikonomou, Jean Sciare, Charbel Afif, and Patrick L. Hayes
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1193–1212, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1193-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1193-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the chemical composition of atmospheric fine particles, their emission sources, and the potential human health risk associated with trace elements in particles for an urban site in Montréal over a 3-month period (August–November). This study represents the first time that such extensive composition measurements were included in an urban source apportionment study in Canada, and it provides greater resolution of fine-particle sources than has been previously achieved in Canada.
Hanjin Yoo, Li Wu, Hong Geng, and Chul-Un Ro
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 853–867, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-853-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-853-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted an investigation of atmospheric aerosols collected in Seoul, South Korea, during the KORUS-AQ campaign on a single-particle basis. We were able to identify their sources, the atmospheric fate, and the impacts of local emissions and long-range transport on aerosol composition. Additionally, we traced potential sources of non-exhaust heavy-metal particles. This comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights into the complex dynamics of urban aerosols.
Eric Schneider, Hendryk Czech, Olga Popovicheva, Marina Chichaeva, Vasily Kobelev, Nikolay Kasimov, Tatiana Minkina, Christopher Paul Rüger, and Ralf Zimmermann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 553–576, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-553-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-553-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides insights into the complex chemical composition of long-range-transported wildfire plumes from Yakutia, which underwent different levels of atmospheric processing. With complementary mass spectrometric techniques, we improve our understanding of the chemical processes and atmospheric fate of wildfire plumes. Unprecedented high levels of carbonaceous aerosols crossed the polar circle with implications for the Arctic ecosystem and consequently climate.
Qiongqiong Wang, Shuhui Zhu, Shan Wang, Cheng Huang, Yusen Duan, and Jian Zhen Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 475–486, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-475-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-475-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated short-term source apportionment of PM2.5 utilizing rolling positive matrix factorization (PMF) and online PM chemical speciation data, which included source-specific organic tracers collected over a period of 37 d during the winter of 2019–2020 in suburban Shanghai, China. The findings highlight that by imposing constraints on the primary source profiles, short-term PMF analysis successfully replicated both the individual primary sources and the total secondary sources.
Jiyuan Yang, Guoyang Lei, Jinfeng Zhu, Yutong Wu, Chang Liu, Kai Hu, Junsong Bao, Zitong Zhang, Weili Lin, and Jun Jin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 123–136, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-123-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-123-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The atmospheric pollution and formation mechanisms of particulate-bound alkyl nitrate in Beijing were studied. C9–C16 long-chain n-alkyl nitrates negatively correlated with O3 but positively correlated with PM2.5 and NO2, so they may not be produced during gas-phase homogeneous reactions in the photochemical process but form through reactions between alkanes and nitrates on PM surfaces. Particulate-bound n-alkyl nitrates strongly affect both haze pollution and atmospheric visibility.
Yuanyuan Qin, Xinghua Zhang, Wei Huang, Juanjuan Qin, Xiaoyu Hu, Yuxuan Cao, Tianyi Zhao, Yang Zhang, Jihua Tan, Ziyin Zhang, Xinming Wang, and Zhenzhen Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2703, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2703, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Environmental persistent free radicals (EPFRs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an active role in the atmosphere. We quantified the impact of control measures on EPFRs and ROS and found that strict control measures have effectively reduced their emissions, largely linked to a significant decrease in secondary aerosols. Our findings have great implications for further understanding the formation and sources and for developing future air quality management policies targeting EPFRs and ROS.
Lisa Azzarello, Rebecca A. Washenfelder, Michael A. Robinson, Alessandro Franchin, Caroline C. Womack, Christopher D. Holmes, Steven S. Brown, Ann Middlebrook, Tim Newberger, Colm Sweeney, and Cora J. Young
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15643–15654, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15643-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15643-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present a molecular size-resolved offline analysis of water-soluble brown carbon collected on an aircraft during FIREX-AQ. The smoke plumes were aged 0 to 5 h, where absorption was dominated by small molecular weight molecules, brown carbon absorption downwind did not consistently decrease, and the measurements differed from online absorption measurements of the same samples. We show how differences between online and offline absorption could be related to different measurement conditions.
Sebastian Zeppenfeld, Manuela van Pinxteren, Markus Hartmann, Moritz Zeising, Astrid Bracher, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15561–15587, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15561-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15561-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Marine carbohydrates are produced in the surface of the ocean, enter the atmophere as part of sea spray aerosol particles, and potentially contribute to the formation of fog and clouds. Here, we present the results of a sea–air transfer study of marine carbohydrates conducted in the high Arctic. Besides a chemo-selective transfer, we observed a quick atmospheric aging of carbohydrates, possibly as a result of both biotic and abiotic processes.
Xing Wei, Yanjie Shen, Xiao-Ying Yu, Yang Gao, Huiwang Gao, Ming Chu, Yujiao Zhu, and Xiaohong Yao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15325–15350, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15325-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15325-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the contribution of grown new particles to Nccn at a rural mountain site in the North China Plain. The total particle number concentrations (Ncn) observed on 8 new particle formation (NPF) days were higher compared to non-NPF days. The Nccn at 0.2 % supersaturation (SS) and 0.4 % SS on the NPF days was significantly lower than on non-NPF days. Only one of eight NPF events had detectable net contributions to Nccn at 0.4 % SS and 1.0 % SS with increased κ values.
Yuquan Gong, Ru-Jin Huang, Lu Yang, Ting Wang, Wei Yuan, Wei Xu, Wenjuan Cao, Yang Wang, and Yongjie Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15197–15207, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15197-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15197-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study reveals the large day–night differences in brown carbon (BrC) chromophore composition, which was not known previously. The results provide insights into the effects of atmospheric processes and emissions on BrC composition.
Zijun Zhang, Weiqi Xu, Yi Zhang, Wei Zhou, Xiangyu Xu, Aodong Du, Yinzhou Zhang, Hongqin Qiao, Ye Kuang, Xiaole Pan, Zifa Wang, Xueling Cheng, Lanzhong Liu, Qingyang Fu, Douglas R. Worsnop, Jie Li, and Yele Sun
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2684, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2684, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated aerosol composition, sources, and the interaction between secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and clouds at a regional mountain site in southeastern China. Clouds efficiently scavenge more-oxidized SOA; however, cloud evaporation leads to the production of less-oxidized SOA. The unexpectedly high presence of nitrate in aerosol particles indicates that nitrate formed in polluted areas has undergone interactions with clouds, significantly influencing the regional background site.
Ryan N. Farley, Sonya Collier, Christopher D. Cappa, Leah R. Williams, Timothy B. Onasch, Lynn M. Russell, Hwajin Kim, and Qi Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15039–15056, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15039-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15039-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Soot particles, also known as black carbon (BC), have important implications for global climate and regional air quality. After the particles are emitted, BC can be coated with other material, impacting the aerosol properties. We selectively measured the composition of particles containing BC to explore their sources and chemical transformations in the atmosphere. We focus on a persistent, multiday fog event in order to study the effects of chemical reactions occurring within liquid droplets.
Shao Shi, Jinghao Zhai, Xin Yang, Yechun Ruan, Yuanlong Huang, Xujian Chen, Antai Zhang, Jianhuai Ye, Guomao Zheng, Baohua Cai, Yaling Zeng, Yixiang Wang, Chunbo Xing, Yujie Zhang, Tzung-May Fu, Lei Zhu, Huizhong Shen, and Chen Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2610, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2610, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The determination of ions in the mass spectra of individual particles remains uncertain. We have developed a standard-free mass calibration algorithm applicable to more than 98 % of ambient particles. With our algorithm, ions with ~0.05 Th mass difference could be determined. Therefore, many more atmospheric species could be determined and involved in the source apportionment of aerosols, the study of chemical reaction mechanisms, and the analysis of single-particle mixing states.
Xiaoxiao Li, Yijing Chen, Yuyang Li, Runlong Cai, Yiran Li, Chenjuan Deng, Jin Wu, Chao Yan, Hairong Cheng, Yongchun Liu, Markku Kulmala, Jiming Hao, James N. Smith, and Jingkun Jiang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14801–14812, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14801-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14801-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Near-continuous measurements show the composition, sources, and seasonal variations of ultrafine particles (UFPs) in urban Beijing. Vehicle and cooking emissions and new particle formation are the main sources of UFPs, and aqueous/heterogeneous processes increase UFP mode diameters. UFPs are the highest in winter due to the highest primary particle emission rates and new particle formation rates, and CHO fractions are the highest in summer due to the strongest photooxidation.
Jiaqi Wang, Jian Gao, Fei Che, Xin Yang, Yuanqin Yang, Lei Liu, Yan Xiang, and Haisheng Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14715–14733, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14715-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14715-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Regional-scale observations of surface O3, PM2.5 and its major chemical species, mixing layer height (MLH), and other meteorological parameters were made in the North China Plain during summer. Unlike the cold season, synchronized increases in MDA8 O3 and PM2.5 under medium MLH conditions have been witnessed. The increasing trend of PM2.5 was associated with enhanced secondary chemical formation. The correlation between MLH and secondary air pollutants should be treated with care in hot seasons.
Takuma Miyakawa, Akinori Ito, Chunmao Zhu, Atsushi Shimizu, Erika Matsumoto, Yusuke Mizuno, and Yugo Kanaya
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14609–14626, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14609-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14609-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study conducted semi-continuous measurements of PM2.5 aerosols and their elemental composition in western Japan, during spring 2018. It analyzed the emissions, transport, and wet removal of elements such as Pb, Cu, Fe, and Mn. It also assessed the accuracy of modeled concentrations and found overestimations of BC and underestimations of Cu and anthropogenic Fe in East Asia. Insights into emissions, removals, and source apportionment of trace metals in the East Asian outflow were provided.
Jingjing Meng, Yachen Wang, Yuanyuan Li, Tonglin Huang, Zhifei Wang, Yiqiu Wang, Min Chen, Zhanfang Hou, Houhua Zhou, Keding Lu, Kimitaka Kawamura, and Pingqing Fu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14481–14503, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14481-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14481-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigated the effect of COVID-19 lockdown (LCD) measures on the formation and evolutionary process of diacids and related compounds from field observations. Results demonstrate that more aged organic aerosols are observed during the LCD due to the enhanced photochemical oxidation. Our study also found that the reactivity of 13C was higher than that of 12C in the gaseous photochemical oxidation, leading to higher δ13C values of C2 during the LCD than before the LCD.
Christopher J. Hennigan, Michael McKee, Vikram Pratap, Bryanna Boegner, Jasper Reno, Lucia Garcia, Madison McLaren, and Sara M. Lance
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14437–14449, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14437-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14437-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study characterized the optical properties of light-absorbing organic compounds, called brown carbon (BrC), in atmospheric cloud water samples. In all samples, light absorption by BrC increased linearly with increasing pH. There was variability in the sensitivity of the absorption–pH relationship, depending on the degree of influence from fire emissions. Overall, these results show that the climate forcing of BrC is quite strongly affected by its pH-dependent absorption.
Máté Vörösmarty, Gaëlle Uzu, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Pamela Dominutti, Zsófia Kertész, Enikő Papp, and Imre Salma
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14255–14269, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14255-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14255-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Poor air quality caused by high concentrations of particulate matter is one of the most severe public health concerns for humans worldwide. One of the most important biological mechanisms inducing adverse health effects is the oxidant–antioxidant imbalance. We showed that the oxidative stress changed substantially and in a complex manner with location and season. Biomass burning exhibited the dominant influence, while motor vehicles played an important role in the non-heating period.
Jiao Xue, Tian Zhang, Keyhong Park, Jinpei Yan, Young Jun Yoon, Jiyeon Park, and Bingbing Wang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2646, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2646, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Ice formation by aerosol particles is an important way of making mixed-phase and ice clouds. Here, we showed that particles collected in the marine atmosphere with different composition and mixing state show a variety of ice nucleation abilities. Characterization of ice nucleating particles indicates that aging process may impact on their abilities to form ice. Comprehensive characterizations of particles and their mixing state are needed for better understanding in aerosol-cloud interactions.
Cited articles
Andreae, M. O. and Crutzen, P. J.: Atmospheric Aerosols: Biogeochemical
Sources and Role in Atmospheric Chemistry, Science, 276, 1052–1058,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.276.5315.1052, 1997.
Andreae, M. O., Ferek, R. J., Bermond, F., Byrd, K. P., Engstrom, R. T.,
Hardin, S., Houmere, P. D., LeMarrec, F., Raemdonck, H., and Chatfield, R.
B.: Dimethyl sulfide in the marine atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 90,
12891–12900, https://doi.org/10.1029/JD090iD07p12891, 1985.
Arrigo, K. R. and van Dijken, G. L.: Phytoplankton dynamics within 37
Antarctic coastal polynya systems, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 3271,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JC001739, 2003.
Arrigo, K. R., Worthen, D. L., and Robinson, D. H.: A coupled ocean-ecosystem
model of the Ross Sea: 2. Iron regulation of phytoplankton taxonomic
variability and primary production, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 3231,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JC000856, 2003.
Arrigo, K. R., Lowry, K. E., and van Dijken, G. L.: Annual changes in sea ice
and phytoplankton in polynyas of the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 71, 5–15, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2012.03.006, 2012.
Ayers, G. P., Ivey, J. P., and Gillett, R. W.: Coherence between seasonal
cycles of dimethyl sulphide, methanesulphonate and sulphate in marine air,
Nature, 349, 404–406, https://doi.org/10.1038/349404a0, 1991.
Bates, T. S., Calhoun, J. A., and Quinn, P. K.: Variations in the
methanesulfonate to sulfate molar ratio in submicrometer marine aerosol
particles over the South Pacific Ocean, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 97,
9859–9865, https://doi.org/10.1029/92JD00411, 1992.
Benner, R., Pakulski, J. D., McCarthy, M., Hedges, J. I., and Hatcher, P. G.:
Bulk chemical characteristics of dissolved organic matter in the ocean,
Science, 255, 1561–1564, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.255.5051.1561, 1992.
Berresheim, H., Andreae, M. O., Ayers, G. P., Gillett, R. W., Merrill, J.
T., Davis, V. J. and Chameides, W. L.: Airborne measurements of
dimethylsulfide, sulfur dioxide, and aerosol ions over the Southern Ocean
South of Australia, J. Atmos. Chem., 10, 341–370,
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00053868, 1990.
Biersmith, A. and Benner, R.: Carbohydrates in phytoplankton and freshly
produced dissolved organic matter, Mar. Chem., 63, 131–144,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4203(98)00057-7, 1998.
Birch, M. E. And Cary, R. A.: Elemental carbon-based method for monitoring
occupational exposures to particulate diesel exhaust, Aerosol. Sci.
Technol., 25, 221–241, 1996.
Boreddy, S. K. R., Haque, M. M., and Kawamura, K.: Long-term (2001–2012) trends of carbonaceous aerosols from a remote island in the western North Pacific: an outflow region of Asian pollutants, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 1291–1306, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-1291-2018, 2018.
Bromwich, D. H., Nicolas, J. P., Monaghan, A. J., Lazzara, M. A., Keller, L.
M., Weidner, G. A., and Wilson, A. B.: Central West Antarctica among the most
rapidly warming regions on Earth, Nat. Geosci., 6, 1–8,
https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1671, 2013.
Ceburnis, D., O'Dowd, C. D., Jennings, G. S., Facchini, M. C., Emblico, L.,
Decesari, S., Fuzzi, S., and Sakalys, J.: Marine aerosol chemistry gradients:
Elucidating primary and secondary processes and fluxes, Geophys. Res. Lett.,
35, L07804, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL033462, 2008.
Ceburnis, D., Rinaldi, M., Ovadnevaite, J., Martucci, G., Giulianelli, L., and O'Dowd, C. D.: Marine submicron aerosol gradients, sources and sinks, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 12425–12439, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-12425-2016, 2016.
Charlson, R. J., Lovelock, J. E., Andreae, M. O., and Warren, S. G.: Oceanic
phytoplankton, atmospheric sulfur, cloud albedo and climate, Nature,
326, 655–661, https://doi.org/10.1038/326655a0, 1987.
Chen, L., Wang, J., Gao, Y., Xu, G., Yang, X., Lin, Q., and Zhang, Y.:
Latitudinal distributions of atmospheric MSA and MSA ∕ nss-
Chen, M., Price, R. M., Yamashita, Y., and Jaffé, R.: Comparative study
of dissolved organic matter from groundwater and surface water in the
Florida coastal Everglades using multi-dimensional spectrofluorometry
combined with multivariate statistics, Appl. Geochem., 25, 872–880,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.03.005, 2010.
Chen, M., Jung, J., Lee, Y. K., and Hur, J.: Surface accumulation of low
molecular weight dissolved organic matter in surface waters and horizontal
off-shelf spreading of nutrients and humic-like fluorescence in the Chukchi
Sea of the Arctic Ocean, Sci. Total Environ., 639, 624–632,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.205, 2018.
Chen, M., Kim, J.-H., Choi, J., Lee, Y. K., and Hur, J.: Biological early
diagenesis and insolation-paced paleoproductivity signified in deep core
sediment organic matter, Sci. Rep., 7, 1–11, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01759-4,
2017.
Coble, P. G.: Characterization of marine and terrestrial DOM in seawater
using excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy, Mar. Chem., 51, 325–346,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4203(95)00062-3, 1996.
Coble, P. G.: Marine optical biogeochemistry: The chemistry of ocean color,
Chem. Rev., 107, 402–418, https://doi.org/10.1021/cr050350+, 2007.
Coble, P. G., Del Castillo, C. E., and Avril, B.: Distribution and optical
properties of CDOM in the Arabian Sea during the 1995 Southwest Monsoon,
Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 45, 2195–2223,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(98)00068-X, 1998.
Covert, D. S., Kapustin, V. N., Quinn, P. K., and Bates, T. S.: New particle
formation in the marine boundary layer, J. Geophys. Res., 97,
20581–20589, 1992.
Criscitiello, A. S., Das, S. B., Evans, M. J., Frey, K. E., Conway, H.,
Joughin, I., Medley, B., and Steig, E. J.: Ice sheet record of recent sea-ice
behavior and polynya variability in the Amundsen Sea, West Antarctica, J.
Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 118, 118–130, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JC008077, 2013.
Dall'Osto, M., Ovadnevaite, J., Paglione, M., Beddows, D. C. S., Ceburnis,
D., Cree, C., Cortes, P., Zamanillo, M., Nunes, S. O., Perez, G. L.,
Ortega-Retuerta, E., Emelianov, M., Vaque, D., Marrase, C., Estrada, M.,
Sala, M. M., Vidal, M., Fitzsimons, M. F., Beale, R., Airs, R., Rinaldi, M.,
Decesari, S., Facchini, M. C., Harrison, R. M., O'Dowd, C. and Simo, R.:
Antarctic sea ice region as a source of biogenic organic nitrogen in
aerosols, Sci. Rep., 7, 1–10, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06188-x, 2017.
de Leeuw, G., Andreas, E. L., Anguelova, M. D., Fairall, C. W., Lewis, E.
R., O'Dowd, C., Schulz, M., and Schwartz, S. E.: Production flux of sea spray
aerosol, Rev. Geophys., 49, RG2001, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010RG000349, 2011.
Dutrieux, P., De Rydt, J., Jenkins, A., Holland, P. R., Ha, H. K., Lee, S.
H., Steig, E. J., Ding, Q., Abrahamsen, E. P., and Schröder, M.: Strong
sensitivity of Pine Island ice-shelf melting to climatic variability,
Science, 343, 174–178, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1244341, 2014.
Fu, P., Kawamura, K., Chen, J., Qin, M., Ren, L., Sun, Y., Wang, Z., Barrie,
L. A., Tachibana, E., Ding, A., and Yamashita, Y.: Fluorescent water-soluble
organic aerosols in the High Arctic atmosphere, Sci. Rep., 5, 1053–1058,
https://doi.org/10.1038/srep09845, 2015.
Furutani, H., Dall'osto, M., Roberts, G. C., and Prather, K.: Assessment of
the relative importance of atmospheric aging on CCN activity derived from
field observations, Atmos. Environ., 42, 3130–3142,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.09.024, 2008.
Facchini, M. C., Mircea, M., Fuzzi, S., and Charlson, R.: Cloud albedo
enhancement by surface-active organic solutes in growing droplets, Nature,
401, 257–259, 1999.
Facchini, M. C., Rinaldi, M., Decesari, S., Carbone, C., Finessi, E.,
Mircea, M., Fuzzi, S., Ceburnis, D., Flanagan, R., Nilsson, E. D., de Leeuw,
G., Martino, M., Woeltjen, J., and O'Dowd, C. D.: Primary submicron marine
aerosol dominated by insoluble organic colloids and aggregates, Geophys.
Res. Lett., 35, 396, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GL034210, 2008a.
Facchini, M. C., Decesari, S., Rinaldi, M., Carbone, C., Finessi, E.,
Mircea, M., Fuzzi, S., Moretti, F., Tagliavini, E., Ceburnis, D., and O'Dowd,
C. D.: Important source of marine secondary organic aerosol from biogenic
amines, Environ. Sci. Technol., 42, 9116–9121, https://doi.org/10.1021/es8018385,
2008b.
Gantt, B. and Meskhidze, N.: The physical and chemical characteristics of marine primary organic aerosol: a review, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 3979–3996, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-3979-2013, 2013.
Gantt, B., Meskhidze, N., Facchini, M. C., Rinaldi, M., Ceburnis, D., and O'Dowd, C. D.: Wind speed dependent size-resolved parameterization for the organic mass fraction of sea spray aerosol, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 8777–8790, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-8777-2011, 2011.
Giordano, M. R., Kalnajs, L. E., Avery, A., Goetz, J. D., Davis, S. M., and DeCarlo, P. F.: A missing source of aerosols in Antarctica – beyond long-range transport, phytoplankton, and photochemistry, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 1–20, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-1-2017, 2017.
Gondwe, M., Krol, M., Klaassen, W., Gieskes, W., and de Baar, H.: Comparison
of modeled versus measured MSA:nss SO
Gras, J. L. and Keywood, M.: Cloud condensation nuclei over the Southern Ocean: wind dependence and seasonal cycles, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 4419–4432, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-4419-2017, 2017.
Hahm, D., Rhee, T. S., Kim, H.-C., Park, J., Kim, Y. N., Shin, H. C., and
Lee, S.: Spatial and temporal variation of net community production and its
regulating factors in the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans,
119, 2815–2826, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JC009762, 2014.
Hegg, D. A., Ferek, R. J., Hobbs, P. V., and Radke, L. F.: Dimethyl sulfide
and cloud condensation nucleus correlations in the Northeast Pacific Ocean,
J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 96, 13189–13191, https://doi.org/10.1029/91JD01309, 1991.
Hong, S.-B., Lee, K., Hur, S.-D., Hong, S., Soyol-Erdene, T.-O., Kim, S.-M., Chung, J.-W., Jun, S.-J., and Kang, C.-H.: Development of Melting
System for Measurement of Trace Elements and Ions in Ice Core, Bull. Korean
Chem. Soc., 36, 1069–1081, https://doi.org/10.1002/bkcs.10198, 2015.
Huguet, A., Vacher, L., Relexans, S., Saubusse, S., Froidefond, J. M., and
Parlanti, E.: Properties of fluorescent dissolved organic matter in the
Gironde Estuary, Org. Geochem., 40, 706–719,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2009.03.002, 2009.
Jung, J., Furutani, H., Uematsu, M., Kim, S., and Yoon, S.: Atmospheric inorganic nitrogen input via dry, wet, and sea fog deposition to the subarctic western North Pacific Ocean, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 411–428, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-411-2013, 2013.
Jung, J., Furutani, H., Uematsu, M., and Park, J.: Distributions of
atmospheric non-sea-salt sulfate and methanesulfonic acid over the Pacific
Ocean between 48∘ N and 55∘ S during summer, Atmos.
Environ., 99, 374–384, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.10.009, 2014.
Kanakidou, M., Seinfeld, J. H., Pandis, S. N., Barnes, I., Dentener, F. J.,
Facchini, M. C., Van Dingenen, R., Ervens, B., Nenes, A., Nielsen, C. J.,
Swietlicki, E., Putaud, J. P., Balkanski, Y., Fuzzi, S., Horth, J.,
Moortgat, G. K., Winterhalter, R., Myhre, C., Tsigaridis, K., Vignati, E.,
Stephanou, E. G., and Wilson, J.: Organic aerosol and global climate
modelling: a review, J. Atmos. Chem., 5, 1053–1123, 2005.
Kawamura, K., Kasukabe, H., and Barrie, L. A.: Secondary formation of
water-soluble organic acids and α-dicarbonyls and their
contributions to total carbon and water-soluble organic carbon:
Photochemical aging of organic aerosols in the Arctic spring, J. Geophys.
Res., 115, D21306, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD014299, 2010.
Kawamura, K., Seméré, R., Imai, Y., Fujii, Y., and Hayashi, M.: Water
soluble dicarboxylic acids and related compounds in Antarctic aerosols, J.
Geophys. Res., 101, 18721–18728, https://doi.org/10.1029/96JD01541, 1996.
Kim, I., Hahm, D., Park, K., Lee, Y., Choi, J.-O., Zhang, M., Chen, L.,
Kim, H.-C., and Lee, S.: Characteristics of the horizontal and vertical
distributions of dimethyl sulfide throughout the Amundsen Sea Polynya, Sci.
Total Environ., 584, 154–163, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.165,
2017.
Kloster, S., Feichter, J., Maier-Reimer, E., Six, K. D., Stier, P., and Wetzel, P.: DMS cycle in the marine ocean-atmosphere system – a global model study, Biogeosciences, 3, 29–51, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-3-29-2006, 2006.
Korhonen, H., Carslaw, K. S., Spracklen, D. V., Mann, G. W., and Woodhouse,
M. T.: Influence of oceanic dimethyl sulfide emissions on cloud condensation
nuclei concentrations and seasonality over the remote Southern Hemisphere
oceans: A global model study, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D15204,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JD009718, 2008.
Lawaetz, A. J. and Stedmon, C. A.: Fluorescence Intensity Calibration Using
the Raman Scatter Peak of Water, Appl. Spectrosc., 63, 936–940,
https://doi.org/10.1366/000370209788964548, 2009.
Lee, Y., Yang, E. J., Park, J., Jung, J., Kim, T. W., and Lee, S.:
Physical-biological coupling in the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica: Influence of
physical factors on phytoplankton community structure and biomass, Deep-Sea
Res. Pt. I, 117, 51–60, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2016.10.001, 2016.
Legrand, M. and Pasteur, E. C.: Methane sulfonic acid to non-sea-salt
sulfate ratio in coastal Antarctic aerosol and surface snow, J. Geophys.
Res., 103, 10991–11006, 1998.
Liss, P. S., Malin, G., Turner, S. M., and Holligan, P. M.: Dimethyl sulphide
and Phaeocystics: A review, J. Mar. Syst., 5, 41–53, 1994.
McKnight, D. M., Boyer, E. W., Westerhoff, P. K., Doran, P. T., Kulbe, T.
and Andersen, D. T.: Spectrofluorometric characterization of dissolved
organic matter for indication of precursor organic material and aromaticity,
Limnol. Oceanogr., 46, 38–48, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2001.46.1.0038, 2001.
McGillis, W. R., Dacey, J., Frew, N. M., Bock, E. J., and Nelson, R. K.:
Water-air flux of dimethylsulfide, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 105,
1187–1193, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JC900243, 2000.
Meskhidze, N. and Nenes, A.: Effects of ocean ecosystem on marine
aerosol-cloud interaction, Adv. Meteorol., 4923, 1–13,
https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/239808, 2010.
Millero, F. J. and Sohn, M. L.: Chemical Oceanography, CRC Press, Boca
Raton, FL, 521 pp., 1992.
Minikin, A., Legrand, M., Hall, J., Wagenbach, D., Kleefeld, C., Wolff, E.,
Pasteur, E. C., and Ducroz, F.: Sulfur-containing species (sulfate and
methanesulfonate) in coastal Antarctic aerosol and precipitation, J.
Geophys. Res., 103, 10975–10990, https://doi.org/10.1029/98JD00249, 1998.
Miyazaki, Y., Kawamura, K., Jung, J., Furutani, H., and Uematsu, M.: Latitudinal distributions of organic nitrogen and organic carbon in marine aerosols over the western North Pacific, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 3037–3049, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-3037-2011, 2011.
Miyazaki, Y., Coburn, S., Ono, K., Ho, D. T., Pierce, R. B., Kawamura, K., and Volkamer, R.: Contribution of dissolved organic matter to submicron water-soluble organic aerosols in the marine boundary layer over the eastern equatorial Pacific, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 7695–7707, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-7695-2016, 2016.
Miyazaki, Y., Yamashita, Y., Kawana, K., Tachibana, E., Kagami, S., Mochida,
M., Suzuki, K., and Nishioka, J.: Chemical transfer of dissolved organic
matter from surface seawater to sea spray water-soluble organic aerosol in
the marine atmosphere, Sci. Rep., 8, 2593,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-32864-7, 2018.
Mochida, M., Kitamori, Y., Kawamura, K., Nojiri, Y., and Suzuki, K.: Fatty
acids in the marine atmosphere: Factors governing their concentrations and
evaluation of organic films on sea-salt particles, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.,
107, 1–10, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001278, 2002.
Mochida, M., Nishita-Hara, C., Furutani, H., Miyazaki, Y., Jung, J.,
Kawamura, K., and Uematsu, M.: Hygroscopicity and cloud condensation nucleus
activity of marine aerosol particles over the western North Pacific, J.
Geophys. Res., 116, 6920–16, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD014759, 2011.
Monahan, E. C. and O'Muircheartaigh, I. G.: Whitecaps and the Passive
Remote-Sensing of the Ocean Surface, Int. J. Remote Sens., 7, 627–642,
https://doi.org/10.1080/01431168608954716, 1986.
Nightingale, P. D., Malin, G., Law, C. S., Watson, A. J., Liss, P. S.,
Liddicoat, M. I., Boutin, J., and Upstill-Goddard, R. C.: In situ evaluation
of air-sea gas exchange parameterizations using novel conservative and
volatile tracers, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 14, 373–387,
https://doi.org/10.1029/1999GB900091, 2000.
Niu, Z., Zhang, F., Kong, X., Chen, J., Yin, L., and Xu, L.: One-year
measurement of organic and elemental carbon in size-segregated atmospheric
aerosol at a coastal and suburban site in Southeast China, J. Environ.
Monit., 14, 2961–2967, https://doi.org/10.1039/c2em30337j, 2012.
Niu, Z., Zhang, F., Chen, J., Yin, L., Wang, S., and Xu, L.: Carbonaceous
species in PM2.5 in the coastal urban agglomeration in the Western Taiwan
Strait Region, China, Atmos. Res., 122, 102–110,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.11.002, 2013.
O'Dowd, C. D., Lowe, J. A., Smith, M. H., Davison, B., Hewitt, N., and
Harrison, R. M.: Biogenic sulphur emissions and inferred
non-sea-salt-sulphate cloud condensation nuclei in and around Antarctica, J.
Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 102, 12839–12854, 1997.
O'Dowd, C. D., Facchini, M. C., Cavalli, F., Ceburnis, D., Mircea, M.,
Decesari, S., Fuzzi, S., Yoon, Y.-J., and Putaud, J.-P.: Biogenically driven
organic contribution to marine aerosol, Nature, 431, 676–680,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02959, 2004.
O'Dowd, C. D., Langmann, B., Varghese, S., Scannell, C., Ceburnis, D., and
Facchini, M. C.: A combined organic-inorganic sea-spray source function,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L01801, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL030331, 2008.
Park, J., Kuzminov, F. I., Bailleul, B., Yang, E. J., Lee, S., Falkowski, P.
G., and Gorbunov, M. Y.: Light availability rather than Fe controls the
magnitude of massive phytoplankton bloom in the Amundsen Sea polynyas,
Antarctica, Limnol. Oceanogr., 62, 2260–2276, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10565,
2017.
Quinn, P. K. and Bates, T. S.: The case against climate regulation via
oceanic phytoplankton sulphur emissions, Nature, 480, 51–56,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10580, 2011.
Quinn, P. K., Bates, T. S., Schulz, K. S., Coffman, D. J., Frossard, A. A.,
Russell, L. M., Keene, W. C., and Kieber, D. J.: Contribution of sea surface
carbon pool to organic matter enrichment in sea spray aerosol, Nat.
Geosci., 7, 228–232, https://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO2092, 2014.
Read, K. A., Lewis, A. C., Bauguitte, S., Rankin, A. M., Salmon, R. A., Wolff, E. W., Saiz-Lopez, A., Bloss, W. J., Heard, D. E., Lee, J. D., and Plane, J. M. C.: DMS and MSA measurements in the Antarctic Boundary Layer: impact of BrO on MSA production, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 2985–2997, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-2985-2008, 2008.
Retelletti Brogi, S., Ha, S.-Y., Kim, K., Derrien, M., Lee, Y. K., and Hur,
J.: Optical and molecular characterization of dissolved organic matter (DOM)
in the Arctic ice core and the underlying seawater (Cambridge Bay, Canada):
Implication for increased autochthonous DOM during ice melting, Sci. Total
Environ., 627, 802–811, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.251, 2018.
Rignot, E., Bamber, J. L., van den Broeke, M. R., Davis, C., Li, Y., van de
Berg, W. J., and van Meijgaard, E.: Recent Antarctic ice mass loss from
radar interferometry and regional climate modelling, Nat. Geosci., 1,
106–110, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo102, 2008.
Roberts, D., Craven, M., Cai, M., Allison, I., and Nash, G.: Protists in the
marine ice of the Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica, Polar Biol., 30,
143–153, 2007.
Romakkaniemi, S., Kokkola, H., Smith, J. N., Prisle, N. L., Schwier, A. N.,
McNeill, V. F., and Laaksonen, A.: Partitioning of semivolatile
surface-active compounds between bulk, surface and gas phase, Geophys. Res.
Lett., 38, L03807, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL046147, 2011.
Russell, L. M., Hawkins, L. N., Frossard, A. A., Quinn, P. K., and Bates, T.
S.: Carbohydrate-like composition of submicron atmospheric particles and
their production from ocean bubble bursting, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA,
107, 6652–6657, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0908905107, 2010.
Sanchez, K. J., Chen, C.-L., Russell, L. M., Betha, R., Liu, J., Price, D.
J., Massoli, P., Ziemba, L. D., Crosbie, E. C., Moore, R. H., Mueller, M.,
Schiller, S. A., Wisthaler, A., Lee, A. K. Y., Quinn, P. K., Bates, T. S.,
Porter, J., Bell, T. G., Saltzman, E. S., Vaillancourt, R. D., and
Behrenfeld, M. J.: Substantial seasonal contribution of observed biogenic
sulfate particles to cloud condensation nuclei, Sci. Rep., 8,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-21590-9, 2018.
Savoie, D. L., Prospero, J. M., Larsen, R. J., Huang, F., Izaguirre, M. A.,
Huang, R., Snowdon, T. H., Custals, L., and Sanderson C. G.: Nitrogen and
sulfur species in Antarctic aerosols at Mawson, Palmer Station, and Marsh
(King George Island), J. Atmos. Chem., 17, 95–122, 1993.
Savoie, D. L., Prospero, J. M., Arimoto, R., and Duce, R. A.: Non-sea-salt
sulfate and methanesulfonate at American Samoa, J. Geophys. Res., 99,
3587–3596, https://doi.org/10.1029/93JD03337, 1994.
Sciare, J., Favez, O., Sarda-Estève, R., Oikonomou, K., Cachier, H., and
Kazan, V.: Long-term observations of carbonaceous aerosols in the Austral
Ocean atmosphere: Evidence of a biogenic marine organic source, J. Geophys.
Res., 114, 1253, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD011998, 2009.
Schoemann, V., Becquevort, S., Stefels, J., Rousseau, V., and Lancelot, C.:
Phaeocystis blooms in the global ocean and their controlling mechanisms: a review, J.
Sea Res., 53, 43–66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2004.01.008, 2005.
Sherrell, R. M., Lagerström, M. E., Forsch, K. O., Stammerjohn, S. E.,
and Yager, P. L.: Dynamics of dissolved iron and other bioactive trace
metals (Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn) in the Amundsen Sea Polynya, Antarctica, Elem. Sci.
Anth., 3, 71–27, https://doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000071, 2015.
Smith, M. J., Walker, C. F., Bell, T. G., Harvey, M. J., Saltzman, E. S., and Law, C. S.: Gradient flux measurements of sea-air DMS transfer during the Surface Ocean Aerosol Production (SOAP) experiment, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 5861–5877, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5861-2018, 2018.
Spreen, G., Kaleschke, L., and Heygster, G.: Sea ice remote sensing using
AMSR-E 89-GHz channels, J. Geophys. Res., 113, C02S03,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JC003384, 2008.
Stammerjohn, S., Massom, R., Rind, D., and Martinson, D.: Regions of rapid
sea ice change: An inter-hemispheric seasonal comparison, Geophys. Res.
Lett., 39, L06501, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL050874, 2012.
Stedmon, C. A., Markager, S., and Bro, R.: Tracing dissolved organic matter
in aquatic environments using a new approach to fluorescence spectroscopy,
Mar. Chem., 82, 239–254, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4203(03)00072-0, 2003.
Stedmon, C. A., Thomas, D. N., Granskog, M., Kaartokallio, H.,
Papadimitriou, S., and Kuosa, H.: Characteristics of dissolved organic matter
in Baltic coastal sea ice: Allochthonous or autochthonous origins?, Environ.
Sci. Technol., 41, 7273–7279, https://doi.org/10.1021/es071210f, 2007.
Stedmon, C. A., Thomas, D. N., Papadimitriou, S., Granskog, M. A., and
Dieckmann, G. S.: Using fluorescence to characterize dissolved organic
matter in Antarctic sea ice brines, J. Geophys. Res., 116, G03027,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JG001716, 2011.
Sun, J. M. and Ariya, P. A.: Atmospheric organic and bio-aerosols as cloud
condensation nuclei (CCN): A review, Atmos. Environ., 40, 795–820,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.05.052, 2006.
Tortell, P. D., Long, M. C., Payne, C. D., Alderkamp, A.-C., Dutrieux, P.,
and Arrigo, K. R.: Spatial distribution of pCO2, ΔO2/Ar
and dimethylsulfide (DMS) in polynya waters and the sea ice zone of the
Amundsen Sea, Antarctica, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 71, 77–93,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2012.03.010, 2012.
Vallina, S. M., Simó, R., and Gassó, S.: What controls CCN
seasonality in the Southern Ocean?, A statistical analysis based on
satellite-derived chlorophyll and CCN and model-estimated OH radical and
rainfall, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 20, GB1014, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GB002597,
2006.
Wanninkhof, R.: Relationship between wind-speed and gas-exchange over the
ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 7373–7382, https://doi.org/10.1029/92JC00188, 1992.
Wanninkhof, R.: Relationship between wind speed and gas exchange over the
ocean revisited, Limnol. Oceanogr. Methods, 12, 351–362,
https://doi.org/10.4319/lom.2014.12.351, 2014.
Wanninkhof, R. and McGillis, W. R.: A cubic relationship between air-sea
CO2 exchange and wind speed, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 1889–1892,
https://doi.org/10.1029/1999GL900363, 1999.
Wilson, T. W., Ladino, L. A., Alpert, P. A., Breckels, M. N., Brooks, I. M.,
Browse, J., Burrows, S. M., Carslaw, K. S., Huffman, J. A., Judd, C.,
Kilthau, W. P., Mason, R. H., McFiggans, G., Miller, L. A., Nájera, J.
J., Polishchuk, E., Rae, S., Schiller, C. L., Si, M., Temprado, J. V.,
Whale, T. F., Wong, J. P. S., Wurl, O., Yakobi-Hancock, J. D., Abbatt, J. P.
D., Aller, J. Y., Bertram, A. K., Knopf, D. A., and Murray, B. J.: A marine
biogenic source of atmospheric ice-nucleating particles, Nature, 525,
234–238, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14986, 2015.
Woodhouse, M. T., Carslaw, K. S., Mann, G. W., Vallina, S. M., Vogt, M., Halloran, P. R., and Boucher, O.: Low sensitivity of cloud condensation nuclei to changes in the sea-air flux of dimethyl-sulphide, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 7545–7559, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7545-2010, 2010.
Wright, S. W., van den Enden, R. L., Pearce, I., Davidson, A. T., Scott, F.
J., and Westwood, K. J.: Phytoplankton community structure and stocks in the
Southern Ocean (30–80∘ E) determined by CHEMTAX analysis of
HPLC pigment signatures, Deep-Sea Res. Pt. II, 57, 758–778,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2009.06.015, 2010.
Yager, P., Sherrell, R., Stammerjohn, S., Alderkamp, A.-C., Schofield, O.,
Abrahamsen, P., Arrigo, K., Bertilsson, S., Garay, L., Guerrero, R., Lowry,
K., Moksnes, P.-O., Ndungo, K., Post, A., Randall-Goodwin, E., Riemann, L.,
Severmann, S., Thatje, S., van Dijken, G., and Wilson, S.: ASPIRE: The
Amundsen Sea Polynya International Research Expedition, Oceanogr., 25,
40–53, https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2012.73, 2012.
Yager, P. L., Sherrell, R. M., Stammerjohn, S. E., Ducklow, H. W.,
Schofield, O., Ingall, E. D., Wilson, S. E., Lowry, K. E., Williams, C. M.,
Riemann, L., Bertilsson, S., Alderkamp, A. C., Dinasquet, J., Logares, R.,
Richert, I., Sipler, R. E., Melara, A. J., Mu, L., Newstead, R. G., Post, A.
F., Swalethorp, R. and van Dijken, G. L.: A carbon budget for the Amundsen
Sea Polynya, Antarctica: Estimating net community production and export in a
highly productive polar ecosystem, Elem. Sci. Anth., 4, p. 140,
https://doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000140, 2016..
Yamashita, Y., Panton, A., Mahaffey, C., and Jaffé, R.: Assessing the
spatial and temporal variability of dissolved organic matter in Liverpool
Bay using excitation – emission matrix fluorescence and parallel factor
analysis, Ocean Dynam., 61, 569–579, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10236-010-0365-4, 2011.
Yamashita, Y. and Tanoue, E.: Chemical characterization of protein-like
fluorophores in DOM in relation to aromatic amino acids, Mar. Chem.,
82, 255–271, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4203(03)00073-2, 2003.
Yang, L., Chen, W., Zhuang, W.-E., Cheng, Q., Li, W., Wang, H., Guo, W.,
Chen, C.-T. A., and Liu, M.: Characterization and bioavailability of
rainwater dissolved organic matter at the southeast coast of China using
absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence EEM-PARAFAC, Eastuar. Coast. Shelf S., 217, 45–55, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2018.11.002, 2019.
Zapata, M., Rodríguez, F., and Garrido, J. L.: Separation of
chlorophylls and carotenoids from marine phytoplankton: a new HPLC method
using a reversed phase C8 column and pyridine-containing mobile phases,
Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 195, 29–45, https://doi.org/10.3354/meps195029, 2000.
Short summary
Characteristics of atmospheric sulfur and organic carbon species in marine aerosols and the environmental factors influencing their distributions were investigated over the Southern Ocean and the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica, during austral summer. The simultaneous measurements of chemical species in aerosols as well as the chemical and biological properties of seawater in the Amundsen Sea allowed for a better understanding of the effect of the ocean ecosystem on marine aerosols.
Characteristics of atmospheric sulfur and organic carbon species in marine aerosols and the...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint