Articles | Volume 26, issue 18
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-13319-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-13319-2026
Research article
 | 
22 Sep 2026
Research article |  | 22 Sep 2026

Cloud-type-dependent mixed-phase cloud climatology from CloudSat/CALIPSO measurements

Kang Yang, Zhien Wang, and Min Deng

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Cited articles

Bodas-Salcedo, A., Hill, P. G., Furtado, K., Williams, K. D., Field, P. R., Manners, J. C., Hyder, P., Kato, S., and Ringer, M. A.: Large contribution of supercooled liquid clouds to the solar radiation budget of the Southern Ocean, J. Climate, 29, 4213–4231, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0564.1, 2016. 
Ceccaldi, M., Delanoë, J., Hogan, R. J., Poncet, N., Del Guasta, M., Noël, V., Chepfer, H., Chiriaco, M., and Pelon, J.: From CloudSat–CALIPSO to EarthCare: Evolution of the DARDAR cloud classification and its comparison to airborne radar–lidar observations, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 118, 7962–7981, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50579, 2013. 
Cesana, G., Waliser, D. E., Jiang, X., and Li, J.-L. F.: Multimodel evaluation of cloud phase transition using satellite and reanalysis data, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 120, 7871–7892, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022932, 2015. 
Cesana, G., Chepfer, H., Winker, D., Getzewich, B., Cai, X., Jourdan, O., Mioche, G., Okamoto, H., Hagihara, Y., Noel, V., and Reverdy, M.: Using in situ airborne measurements to evaluate three cloud phase products derived from CALIPSO, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 121, 5788–5808, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD024334, 2016. 
Cesana, G. V., Khadir, T., Chepfer, H., and Chiriaco, M.: Southern Ocean solar reflection biases in CMIP6 models linked to cloud phase and vertical structure representations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 49, e2022GL099777, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL099777, 2022. 
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Short summary
Mixed-phase clouds, which contain both ice crystals and supercooled liquid droplets, strongly influence Earth's radiation budget but remain difficult to represent in climate models. Using global satellite observations, we show that they vary greatly by cloud type, with distinct spatial distributions, vertical structures, and seasonal and surface contrasts. These results provide new observational constraints for improving model representation of mixed-phase clouds.
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