Articles | Volume 25, issue 13
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7467-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7467-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
15 Jul 2025
Research article |
| 15 Jul 2025
| 15 Jul 2025
Significant influence of oxygenated volatile organic compounds on atmospheric chemistry: a case study in a typical industrial city in China
Jingwen Dai
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
Yanli Feng
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
Xin Yi
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
Rui Li
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
Jin Xue
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
Qing Li
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
Lishu Shi
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
Jiaqiang Liao
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
Yanan Yi
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
Fangting Wang
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
Liumei Yang
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
Hui Chen
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
Ling Huang
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
Jiani Tan
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
Yangjun Wang
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
Related authors
No articles found.
Ling Huang, Benjie Chen, Zi'ang Wu, Katie Tuite, Pradeepa Vennam, Greg Yarwood, and Li Li
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3921, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-3921, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) constitutes a major component of atmospheric aerosol that models must account for to assess how human activities influence air quality, climate, and public health. We find substantial differences in how current air quality models represent SOA highlighting a lack of consensus within the modelling community. Our findings emphasize the need to recognize the limitations of current SOA schemes in the context of air quality management and policy development.
Yanjie Lu, Xinxin Feng, Yanli Feng, Minjun Jiang, Yu Peng, Tian Chen, and Yingjun Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 8043–8059, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8043-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-8043-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Through lab tests and field measurements from typical sources, we found that carbonyl compounds from biomass burning are an order of magnitude higher than those from vehicles. The formation of carbonyl compounds in solid and liquid fuel is governed by combustion temperature and emission standards, respectively. Fuel type determines the chemical composition. Biomass burning and farm machinery are key drivers of atmospheric oxidation capacity. This study provides actionable solutions to safeguard public health.
Chao Gao, Xuelei Zhang, Hu Yang, Ling Huang, Hongmei Zhao, Shichun Zhang, and Aijun Xiu
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-611, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-611, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
Mineral dust impacts climate and air quality, varying by composition. This study examined its effects on radiation and pollution during a North China dust storm using WRF-CHIMERE and three dust atlases. Bulk dust had a shortwave radiative forcing of -5.72 W/m², while mineral-specific effects increased it by +0.10 W/m². Aerosol-radiation interactions raised PM₁₀ to 1189.48 μg/m³. Accurate mineral data is essential for improving dust-related climate and air quality simulations.
Ling Huang, Xinxin Zhang, Chris Emery, Qing Mu, Greg Yarwood, Hehe Zhai, Zhixu Sun, Shuhui Xue, Yangjun Wang, Joshua S. Fu, and Li Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 4233–4249, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4233-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4233-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Ground-level ozone pollution has emerged as a significant air pollutant in China. Chemical transport models (CTMs) serve as crucial tools in addressing ozone pollution. This study reviews CTM applications for simulating ozone in China and proposes goal and criteria benchmark values for evaluating ozone. Along with prior work on PM₂₅ and other pollutants, this effort establishes a comprehensive framework for evaluating CTM performance in China.
Tianle Pan, Andrew T. Lambe, Weiwei Hu, Yicong He, Minghao Hu, Huaishan Zhou, Xinming Wang, Qingqing Hu, Hui Chen, Yue Zhao, Yuanlong Huang, Doug R. Worsnop, Zhe Peng, Melissa A. Morris, Douglas A. Day, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Jose-Luis Jimenez, and Shantanu H. Jathar
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 4915–4939, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-4915-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-4915-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study systematically characterizes the temperature enhancement in the lamp-enclosed oxidation flow reactor (OFR). The enhancement varied multiple dimensional factors, emphasizing the complexity of temperature inside of OFR. The effects of temperature on the flow field and gas- or particle-phase reaction inside OFR were also evaluated with experiments and model simulations. Finally, multiple mitigation strategies were demonstrated to minimize this temperature increase.
Ling Huang, Jiong Fang, Jiaqiang Liao, Greg Yarwood, Hui Chen, Yangjun Wang, and Li Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14919–14932, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14919-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14919-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Surface ozone concentrations have emerged as a major environmental issue in China. Although control strategies aimed at reducing NOx emissions from conventional combustion sources are widely recognized, soil NOx emissions have received little attention. The impact of soil NO emissions on ground-level ozone concentration is yet to be evaluated. In this study, we estimated the soil NO emissions and evaluated its impact on ozone formation in China.
Yiqun Lu, Yingge Ma, Dan Dan Huang, Shengrong Lou, Sheng'ao Jing, Yaqin Gao, Hongli Wang, Yanjun Zhang, Hui Chen, Yunhua Chang, Naiqiang Yan, Jianmin Chen, Christian George, Matthieu Riva, and Cheng Huang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3233–3245, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3233-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3233-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
N-containing oxygenated organic molecules have been identified as important precursors of aerosol particles. We used an ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometer coupled with an online sample inlet to accurately measure their molecular composition, concentration level and variation patterns. We show their formation process and influencing factors in a Chinese megacity involving various volatile organic compound precursors and atmospheric oxidants, and we highlight the influence of PM2.5 episodes.
Rui Li, Kun Zhang, Qing Li, Liumei Yang, Shunyao Wang, Zhiqiang Liu, Xiaojuan Zhang, Hui Chen, Yanan Yi, Jialiang Feng, Qiongqiong Wang, Ling Huang, Wu Wang, Yangjun Wang, Jian Zhen Yu, and Li Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3065–3081, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3065-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3065-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Molecular markers in organic aerosol (OA) provide specific source information on PM2.5, and the contribution of cooking emissions to OA is significant, especially in urban environments. This study investigates the variation in concentrations and oxidative degradation of fatty acids and corresponding oxidation products in ambient air, which can be a guide for the refinement of aerosol source apportionment and provide scientific support for the development of emission source control policies.
Ling Huang, Hanqing Liu, Greg Yarwood, Gary Wilson, Jun Tao, Zhiwei Han, Dongsheng Ji, Yangjun Wang, and Li Li
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1502, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1502, 2023
Preprint archived
Short summary
Short summary
Secondary organic aerosols are an important component of PM2.5, with contributions from anthropogenic, biogenic volatile organic compounds, semi- and intermediate volatility organic compounds. Policy makers need to know which SOA precursors are important. We investigated the role of different SOA precursors and SOA algorithms by applying two commonly used models, CAMx and CMAQ. Suggestions for SOA modelling and control are provided.
Kun Zhang, Zhiqiang Liu, Xiaojuan Zhang, Qing Li, Andrew Jensen, Wen Tan, Ling Huang, Yangjun Wang, Joost de Gouw, and Li Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 4853–4866, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4853-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4853-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A significant increase in O3 concentrations was found during the lockdown period of COVID-19 in most areas of China. By field measurements coupled with machine learning, an observation-based model (OBM) and sensitivity analysis, we found the changes in the NOx / VOC ratio were a key reason for the significant rise in O3. To restrain O3 pollution, more efforts should be devoted to the control of anthropogenic OVOCs, alkenes and aromatics.
Syuichi Itahashi, Baozhu Ge, Keiichi Sato, Zhe Wang, Junichi Kurokawa, Jiani Tan, Kan Huang, Joshua S. Fu, Xuemei Wang, Kazuyo Yamaji, Tatsuya Nagashima, Jie Li, Mizuo Kajino, Gregory R. Carmichael, and Zifa Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 8709–8734, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8709-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8709-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents the detailed analysis of acid deposition over southeast Asia based on the Model Inter-Comparison Study for Asia (MICS-Asia) phase III. Simulated wet deposition is evaluated with observation data from the Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia (EANET). The difficulties of models to capture observations are related to the model performance on precipitation. The precipitation-adjusted approach was applied, and the distribution of wet deposition was successfully revised.
Kun Zhang, Ling Huang, Qing Li, Juntao Huo, Yusen Duan, Yuhang Wang, Elly Yaluk, Yangjun Wang, Qingyan Fu, and Li Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 5905–5917, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5905-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5905-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Recently, high O3 concentrations were frequently observed in rural areas of the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region under stagnant conditions. Using an online measurement and observation-based model, we investigated the budget of ROx radicals and the influence of isoprene chemistry on O3 formation. Our results underline that isoprene chemistry in the rural atmosphere becomes important with the participation of anthropogenic NOx.
Ling Huang, Yonghui Zhu, Hehe Zhai, Shuhui Xue, Tianyi Zhu, Yun Shao, Ziyi Liu, Chris Emery, Greg Yarwood, Yangjun Wang, Joshua Fu, Kun Zhang, and Li Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 2725–2743, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2725-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2725-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Numerical air quality models (AQMs) are being applied extensively to address diverse scientific and regulatory compliance associated with deteriorating air quality in China. For any AQM applications, model performance evaluation is a critical step that guarantees the robustness and reliability of the baseline modeling results and subsequent applications. We provided benchmarks for model performance evaluation of AQM applications in China to demonstrate model robustness.
Yarong Peng, Hongli Wang, Qian Wang, Shengao Jing, Jingyu An, Yaqin Gao, Cheng Huang, Rusha Yan, Haixia Dai, Tiantao Cheng, Qiang Zhang, Meng Li, Li Li, Shengrong Lou, Shikang Tao, Qinyao Hu, Jun Lu, and Changhong Chen
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-1108, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-1108, 2020
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
The evolution of NMHCs emissions and the effectiveness of control measures were investigated based on long term measurements in a megacity of China. Discrepancies between measurements and emission inventories emphasized the need for emission validation both in speciation and sources. Varied trends of NMHCs speciation and sources suggested the differential effect of the past control measures, which provided new insights into future clean air policies in polluted region including China.
Rui Li, Qiongqiong Wang, Xiao He, Shuhui Zhu, Kun Zhang, Yusen Duan, Qingyan Fu, Liping Qiao, Yangjun Wang, Ling Huang, Li Li, and Jian Zhen Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 12047–12061, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-12047-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-12047-2020, 2020
Cited articles
Armstrong, R. A., Slade, S. V., and Eperjesi, F.: An introduction to analysis of variance (ANOVA) with special reference to data from clinical experiments in optometry, Ophthal. Physiol. Opt., 20, 235–241, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1475-1313.2000.00502.x, 2000.
Atkinson, R.: Atmospheric chemistry of VOCs and NOx, Atmos. Environ., 34, 2063–2101, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00460-4, 2000.
Atkinson, R. and Arey, J.: Atmospheric Degradation of Volatile Organic Compounds, Chem. Rev., 103, 4605–4638, https://doi.org/10.1021/cr0206420, 2003.
Bufalini, J. J. and Dodge, M. C.: Ozone-forming potential of light saturated hydrocarbons, Environ. Sci. Technol., 17, 308–311, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00111a013, 1983.
Carter, W.: Updated maximum incremental reactivity scale and hydrocarbon bin reactivities for regulatory applications, California Air Resources Board Contract, 1, 7–339, 2010a.
Carter, W. P. L.: A detailed mechanism for the gas-phase atmospheric reactions of organic compounds, Atmos Environ.-A Gen., 24, 481–518, https://doi.org/10.1016/0960-1686(90)90005-8, 1990.
Carter, W. P. L.: Development of the SAPRC-07 chemical mechanism, Atmos. Environ., 44, 5324–5335, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.01.026, 2010b.
Carter, W. P. L. and Heo, G.: Development of revised SAPRC aromatics mechanisms, Atmos. Environ., 77, 404–414, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.05.021, 2013.
Chen, T., Xue, L., Zheng, P., Zhang, Y., Liu, Y., Sun, J., Han, G., Li, H., Zhang, X., Li, Y., Li, H., Dong, C., Xu, F., Zhang, Q., and Wang, W.: Volatile organic compounds and ozone air pollution in an oil production region in northern China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 7069–7086, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-7069-2020, 2020.
Chen, T., Zheng, P., Zhang, Y., Dong, C., Han, G., Li, H., Yang, X., Liu, Y., Sun, J., Li, H., Zhang, X., Li, Y., Wang, W., and Xue, L.: Characteristics and formation mechanisms of atmospheric carbonyls in an oilfield region of northern China, Atmos. Environ., 274, 118958, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.118958, 2022.
de Gouw, J. A., Gilman, J. B., Kim, S.-W., Alvarez, S. L., Dusanter, S., Graus, M., Griffith, S. M., Isaacman-VanWertz, G., Kuster, W. C., Lefer, B. L., Lerner, B. M., McDonald, B. C., Rappenglück, B., Roberts, J. M., Stevens, P. S., Stutz, J., Thalman, R., Veres, P. R., Volkamer, R., Warneke, C., Washenfelder, R. A., and Young, C. J.: Chemistry of Volatile Organic Compounds in the Los Angeles Basin: Formation of Oxygenated Compounds and Determination of Emission Ratios, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 123, 2298–2319, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD027976, 2018.
Del Negro, L. A., Fahey, D. W., Gao, R. S., Donnelly, S. G., Keim, E. R., Neuman, J. A., Cohen, R. C., Perkins, K. K., Koch, L. C., Salawitch, R. J., Lloyd, S. A., Proffitt, M. H., Margitan, J. J., Stimpfle, R. M., Bonne, G. P., Voss, P. B., Wennberg, P. O., McElroy, C. T., Swartz, W. H., Kusterer, T. L., Anderson, D. E., Lait, L. R., and Bui, T. P.: Comparison of modeled and observed values of NO2 and JNO2 during the Photochemistry of Ozone Loss in the Arctic Region in Summer (POLARIS) mission, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 104, 26687–26703, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JD900246, 1999.
Duan, J., Tan, J., Yang, L., Wu, S., and Hao, J.: Concentration, sources and ozone formation potential of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during ozone episode in Beijing, Atmos. Res., 88, 25–35, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2007.09.004, 2008.
Edwards, P. M., Brown, S. S., Roberts, J. M., Ahmadov, R., Banta, R. M., deGouw, J. A., Dube, W. P., Field, R. A., Flynn, J. H., Gilman, J. B., Graus, M., Helmig, D., Koss, A., Langford, A. O., Lefer, B. L., Lerner, B. M., Li, R., Li, S.-M., McKeen, S. A., Murphy, S. M., Parrish, D. D., Senff, C. J., Soltis, J., Stutz, J., Sweeney, C., Thompson, C. R., Trainer, M. K., Tsai, C., Veres, P. R., Washenfelder, R. A., Warneke, C., Wild, R. J., Young, C. J., Yuan, B., and Zamora, R.: High winter ozone pollution from carbonyl photolysis in an oil and gas basin, Nature, 514, 351–354, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13767, 2014.
Elshorbany, Y. F., Kurtenbach, R., Wiesen, P., Lissi, E., Rubio, M., Villena, G., Gramsch, E., Rickard, A. R., Pilling, M. J., and Kleffmann, J.: Oxidation capacity of the city air of Santiago, Chile, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 2257–2273, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-2257-2009, 2009.
Elshorbany, Y. F., Steil, B., Brühl, C., and Lelieveld, J.: Impact of HONO on global atmospheric chemistry calculated with an empirical parameterization in the EMAC model, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 9977–10000, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-9977-2012, 2012.
Emmerson, K. M., Carslaw, N., and Pilling, M. J.: Urban atmospheric chemistry during the PUMA campaign 2: Radical budgets for OH, HO2 and RO2, J. Atmos. Chem., 52, 165–183, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10874-005-1323-2, 2005.
Fuchs, H., Tan, Z., Lu, K., Bohn, B., Broch, S., Brown, S. S., Dong, H., Gomm, S., Häseler, R., He, L., Hofzumahaus, A., Holland, F., Li, X., Liu, Y., Lu, S., Min, K.-E., Rohrer, F., Shao, M., Wang, B., Wang, M., Wu, Y., Zeng, L., Zhang, Y., Wahner, A., and Zhang, Y.: OH reactivity at a rural site (Wangdu) in the North China Plain: contributions from OH reactants and experimental OH budget, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 645–661, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-645-2017, 2017.
Gentner, D. R., Worton, D. R., Isaacman, G., Davis, L. C., Dallmann, T. R., Wood, E. C., Herndon, S. C., Goldstein, A. H., and Harley, R. A.: Chemical Composition of Gas-Phase Organic Carbon Emissions from Motor Vehicles and Implications for Ozone Production, Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, 11837–11848, https://doi.org/10.1021/es401470e, 2013.
Geyer, A., Alicke, B., Konrad, S., Schmitz, T., Stutz, J., and Platt, U.: Chemistry and oxidation capacity of the nitrate radical in the continental boundary layer near Berlin, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 106, 8013–8025, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD900681, 2001.
Gilman, J. B., Lerner, B. M., Kuster, W. C., Goldan, P. D., Warneke, C., Veres, P. R., Roberts, J. M., de Gouw, J. A., Burling, I. R., and Yokelson, R. J.: Biomass burning emissions and potential air quality impacts of volatile organic compounds and other trace gases from fuels common in the US, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 13915–13938, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-13915-2015, 2015.
Goldan, P. D., Kuster, W. C., Williams, E., Murphy, P. C., Fehsenfeld, F. C., and Meagher, J.: Nonmethane hydrocarbon and oxy hydrocarbon measurements during the 2002 New England Air Quality Study, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 109, D21309, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD004455, 2004.
Goliff, W. S., Stockwell, W. R., and Lawson, C. V.: The regional atmospheric chemistry mechanism, version 2, Atmos. Environ., 68, 174–185, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.11.038, 2013.
Guo, F., Bui, A. A. T., Schulze, B. C., Yoon, S., Shrestha, S., Wallace, H. W., Sakai, Y., Actkinson, B. W., Erickson, M. H., Alvarez, S., Sheesley, R., Usenko, S., Flynn, J., and Griffin, R. J.: Urban core-downwind differences and relationships related to ozone production in a major urban area in Texas, Atmos. Environ., 262, 118624, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118624, 2021.
Han, Y., Huang, X., Wang, C., Zhu, B., and He, L.: Characterizing oxygenated volatile organic compounds and their sources in rural atmospheres in China, J. Environ. Sci., 81, 148–155, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2019.01.017, 2019.
Huang, X.-F., Zhang, B., Xia, S.-Y., Han, Y., Wang, C., Yu, G.-H., and Feng, N.: Sources of oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) in urban atmospheres in North and South China, Environ. Pollut., 261, 114152, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114152, 2020.
Jenkin, M. E., Young, J. C., and Rickard, A. R.: The MCM v3.3.1 degradation scheme for isoprene, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 11433–11459, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-11433-2015, 2015.
Jiang, P., Chen, X., Li, Q., Mo, H., and Li, L.: High-resolution emission inventory of gaseous and particulate pollutants in Shandong Province, eastern China, J. Clean. Prod., 259, 120806, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120806, 2020.
Kanaya, Y., Pochanart, P., Liu, Y., Li, J., Tanimoto, H., Kato, S., Suthawaree, J., Inomata, S., Taketani, F., Okuzawa, K., Kawamura, K., Akimoto, H., and Wang, Z. F.: Rates and regimes of photochemical ozone production over Central East China in June 2006: a box model analysis using comprehensive measurements of ozone precursors, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 7711–7723, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-7711-2009, 2009.
Karl, T., Striednig, M., Graus, M., Hammerle, A., and Wohlfahrt, G.: Urban flux measurements reveal a large pool of oxygenated volatile organic compound emissions, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 115, 1186–1191, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1714715115, 2018.
Karl, T. G., Christian, T. J., Yokelson, R. J., Artaxo, P., Hao, W. M., and Guenther, A.: The Tropical Forest and Fire Emissions Experiment: method evaluation of volatile organic compound emissions measured by PTR-MS, FTIR, and GC from tropical biomass burning, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 5883–5897, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-5883-2007, 2007.
Kim, S., Kim, S.-Y., Lee, M., Shim, H., Wolfe, G. M., Guenther, A. B., He, A., Hong, Y., and Han, J.: Impact of isoprene and HONO chemistry on ozone and OVOC formation in a semirural South Korean forest, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 4357–4371, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-4357-2015, 2015.
Legreid, G., Reimann, S., Steinbacher, M., Staehelin, J., Young, D., and Stemmler, K.: Measurements of OVOCs and NMHCs in a swiss highway tunnel for estimation of road transport emissions, Environ. Sci. Technol., 41, 7060–7066, https://doi.org/10.1021/es062309+, 2007.
Li, B., Yu, S., Shao, M., Li, X., Ho, S. S. H., Hu, X., Wang, H., Feng, R., and Fang, X.: New insights into photochemical initial concentrations of VOCs and their source implications, Atmos. Environ., 298, 119616, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.119616, 2023.
Li, C., Liu, Y., Cheng, B., Zhang, Y., Liu, X., Qu, Y., An, J., Kong, L., Zhang, Y., Zhang, C., Tan, Q., and Feng, M.: A comprehensive investigation on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in 2018 in Beijing, China: Characteristics, sources and behaviours in response to O3 formation, Sci. Total Environ., 806, 150247, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150247, 2022a.
Li, H., Ma, Y., Duan, F., He, K., Zhu, L., Huang, T., Kimoto, T., Ma, X., Ma, T., Xu, L., Xu, B., Yang, S., Ye, S., Sun, Z., An, J., and Zhang, Z.: Typical winter haze pollution in Zibo, an industrial city in China: Characteristics, secondary formation, and regional contribution, Environ. Pollut., 229, 339–349, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.081, 2017.
Li, K., Wang, X., Li, L., Wang, J., Liu, Y., Cheng, X., Xu, B., Wang, X., Yan, P., Li, S., Geng, C., Yang, W., Azzi, M., and Bai, Z.: Large variability of O3-precursor relationship during severe ozone polluted period in an industry-driven cluster city (Zibo) of North China Plain, J. Clean Prod., 316, 128252, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128252, 2021a.
Li, K., Jacob, D. J., Liao, H., Qiu, Y., Shen, L., Zhai, S., Bates, K. H., Sulprizio, M. P., Song, S., Lu, X., Zhang, Q., Zheng, B., Zhang, Y., Zhang, J., Lee, H. C., and Kuk, S. K.: Ozone pollution in the North China Plain spreading into the late-winter haze season, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 118, e2015797118, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2015797118, 2021b.
Li, L., Chen, Y., Zeng, L., Shao, M., Xie, S., Chen, W., Lu, S., Wu, Y., and Cao, W.: Biomass burning contribution to ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the Chengdu-Chongqing Region (CCR), China, Atmos. Environ., 99, 403–410, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.09.067, 2014a.
Li, M., Zhang, Q., Streets, D. G., He, K. B., Cheng, Y. F., Emmons, L. K., Huo, H., Kang, S. C., Lu, Z., Shao, M., Su, H., Yu, X., and Zhang, Y.: Mapping Asian anthropogenic emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds to multiple chemical mechanisms, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 5617–5638, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-5617-2014, 2014b.
Li, M., Zhang, Q., Zheng, B., Tong, D., Lei, Y., Liu, F., Hong, C., Kang, S., Yan, L., Zhang, Y., Bo, Y., Su, H., Cheng, Y., and He, K.: Persistent growth of anthropogenic non-methane volatile organic compound (NMVOC) emissions in China during 1990–2017: drivers, speciation and ozone formation potential, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 8897–8913, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-8897-2019, 2019.
Li, X., Rohrer, F., Brauers, T., Hofzumahaus, A., Lu, K., Shao, M., Zhang, Y. H., and Wahner, A.: Modeling of HCHO and CHOCHO at a semi-rural site in southern China during the PRIDE-PRD2006 campaign, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 12291–12305, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12291-2014, 2014c.
Ling, Z. H., Guo, H., Lam, S. H. M., Saunders, S. M., and Wang, T.: Atmospheric photochemical reactivity and ozone production at two sites in Hong Kong: Application of a Master Chemical Mechanism–photochemical box model, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 119, 10567–10582, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD021794, 2014.
Liu, G., Ma, X., Li, W., Chen, J., Ji, Y., and An, T.: Pollution characteristics, source appointment and environmental effect of oxygenated volatile organic compounds in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area: Implication for air quality management, Sci. Total Environ., 919, 170836, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170836, 2024.
Liu, T., Hong, Y., Li, M., Xu, L., Chen, J., Bian, Y., Yang, C., Dan, Y., Zhang, Y., Xue, L., Zhao, M., Huang, Z., and Wang, H.: Atmospheric oxidation capacity and ozone pollution mechanism in a coastal city of southeastern China: analysis of a typical photochemical episode by an observation-based model, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 2173–2190, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-2173-2022, 2022.
Liu, Z., Wang, Y., Gu, D., Zhao, C., Huey, L. G., Stickel, R., Liao, J., Shao, M., Zhu, T., Zeng, L., Amoroso, A., Costabile, F., Chang, C.-C., and Liu, S.-C.: Summertime photochemistry during CAREBeijing-2007: ROx budgets and O3 formation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 7737–7752, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-7737-2012, 2012.
Liu, Z., Wang, Y., Hu, B., Lu, K., Tang, G., Ji, D., Yang, X., Gao, W., Xie, Y., Liu, J., Yao, D., Yang, Y., and Zhang, Y.: Elucidating the quantitative characterization of atmospheric oxidation capacity in Beijing, China, Sci. Total Environ., 771, 145306, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145306, 2021.
Lou, S., Holland, F., Rohrer, F., Lu, K., Bohn, B., Brauers, T., Chang, C. C., Fuchs, H., Häseler, R., Kita, K., Kondo, Y., Li, X., Shao, M., Zeng, L., Wahner, A., Zhang, Y., Wang, W., and Hofzumahaus, A.: Atmospheric OH reactivities in the Pearl River Delta – China in summer 2006: measurement and model results, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 11243–11260, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-11243-2010, 2010.
Luecken, D. J., Hutzell, W. T., Strum, M. L., and Pouliot, G. A.: Regional sources of atmospheric formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, and implications for atmospheric modeling, Atmos. Environ., 47, 477–490, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.10.005, 2012.
McDonald, B. C., de Gouw, J. A., Gilman, J. B., Jathar, S. H., Akherati, A., Cappa, C. D., Jimenez, J. L., Lee-Taylor, J., Hayes, P. L., McKeen, S. A., Cui, Y. Y., Kim, S.-W., Gentner, D. R., Isaacman-VanWertz, G., Goldstein, A. H., Harley, R. A., Frost, G. J., Roberts, J. M., Ryerson, T. B., and Trainer, M.: Volatile chemical products emerging as largest petrochemical source of urban organic emissions, Science, 359, 760–764, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaq0524, 2018.
Mo, Z., Shao, M., and Lu, S.: Compilation of a source profile database for hydrocarbon and OVOC emissions in China, Atmos. Environ., 143, 209–217, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.08.025, 2016.
Mo, Z., Shao, M., Wang, W., Liu, Y., Wang, M., and Lu, S.: Evaluation of biogenic isoprene emissions and their contribution to ozone formation by ground-based measurements in Beijing, China, Sci. Total Environ., 627, 1485–1494, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.336, 2018.
Mo, Z., Huang, S., Yuan, B., Pei, C., Song, Q., Qi, J., Wang, M., Wang, B., Wang, C., and Shao, M.: Tower-based measurements of NMHCs and OVOCs in the Pearl River Delta: Vertical distribution, source analysis and chemical reactivity, Environ. Pollut., 292, 118454, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118454, 2022.
Ou, J., Zheng, J., Li, R., Huang, X., Zhong, Z., Zhong, L., and Lin, H.: Speciated OVOC and VOC emission inventories and their implications for reactivity-based ozone control strategy in the Pearl River Delta region, China, Sci. Total Environ., 530, 393–402, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.05.062, 2015.
Peng, Y., Cai, J., Feng, Y., Jiang, H., and Chen, Y.: Emission characteristic of OVOCs, I/SVOCs, OC and EC from wood combustion at different moisture contents, Atmos. Environ., 298, 119620, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.119620, 2023.
Pfannerstill, E. Y., Arata, C., Zhu, Q., Schulze, B. C., Woods, R., Harkins, C., Schwantes, R. H., McDonald, B. C., Seinfeld, J. H., Bucholtz, A., Cohen, R. C., and Goldstein, A. H.: Comparison between Spatially Resolved Airborne Flux Measurements and Emission Inventories of Volatile Organic Compounds in Los Angeles, Environ. Sci. Technol., 57, 15533–15545, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c03162, 2023.
Qin, Z., Xu, B., Zheng, Z., Li, L., Zhang, G., Li, S., Geng, C., Bai, Z., and Yang, W.: Integrating ambient carbonyl compounds provides insight into the constrained ozone formation chemistry in Zibo city of the North China Plain, Environ. Pollut., 324, 121294, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121294, 2023.
Qu, H., Wang, Y., Zhang, R., Liu, X., Huey, L. G., Sjostedt, S., Zeng, L., Lu, K., Wu, Y., Shao, M., Hu, M., Tan, Z., Fuchs, H., Broch, S., Wahner, A., Zhu, T., and Zhang, Y.: Chemical Production of Oxygenated Volatile Organic Compounds Strongly Enhances Boundary-Layer Oxidation Chemistry and Ozone Production, Environ. Sci. Technol., 55, 13718–13727, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c04489, 2021.
Ren, Q.: Circular economy action programs and countermeasures for small and medium-sized resource-based cities of China-case study of Zibo City of Shandong Province, Energy Proced., 2183–2188, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2011.03.377, 2011.
Riedel, T. P., Wolfe, G. M., Danas, K. T., Gilman, J. B., Kuster, W. C., Bon, D. M., Vlasenko, A., Li, S.-M., Williams, E. J., Lerner, B. M., Veres, P. R., Roberts, J. M., Holloway, J. S., Lefer, B., Brown, S. S., and Thornton, J. A.: An MCM modeling study of nitryl chloride (ClNO2) impacts on oxidation, ozone production and nitrogen oxide partitioning in polluted continental outflow, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 3789–3800, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-3789-2014, 2014.
Rieksta, J., Li, T., Davie-Martin, C. L., Aeppli, L. C. B., Hoye, T. T., and Rinnan, R.: Volatile responses of dwarf birch to mimicked insect herbivory and experimental warming at two elevations in Greenlandic tundra, Plant Environ. Interact., 4, 23–35, https://doi.org/10.1002/pei3.10100, 2023.
Sarwar, G., Luecken, D., Yarwood, G., Whitten, G. Z., and Carter, W. P. L.: Impact of an updated carbon bond mechanism on predictions from the CMAQ modeling system: Preliminary assessment, J. Appl. Meteorol. Clim., 47, 3–14, https://doi.org/10.1175/2007JAMC1393.1, 2008.
Saunders, S. M., Jenkin, M. E., Derwent, R. G., and Pilling, M. J.: Protocol for the development of the Master Chemical Mechanism, MCM v3 (Part A): tropospheric degradation of non-aromatic volatile organic compounds, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 161–180, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-161-2003, 2003.
Shen, L., Jacob, D. J., Zhu, L., Zhang, Q., Zheng, B., Sulprizio, M. P., Li, K., De Smedt, I., Abad, G. G., Cao, H., Fu, T.-M., and Liao, H.: The 2005-2016 Trends of Formaldehyde Columns Over China Observed by Satellites: Increasing Anthropogenic Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds and Decreasing Agricultural Fire Emissions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 46, 4468–4475, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL082172, 2019.
Sindelarova, K., Granier, C., Bouarar, I., Guenther, A., Tilmes, S., Stavrakou, T., Müller, J.-F., Kuhn, U., Stefani, P., and Knorr, W.: Global data set of biogenic VOC emissions calculated by the MEGAN model over the last 30 years, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 9317–9341, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-9317-2014, 2014.
Song, J., Saathoff, H., Jiang, F., Gao, L., Zhang, H., and Leisner, T.: Sources of organic gases and aerosol particles and their roles in nighttime particle growth at a rural forested site in southwest Germany, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 6699–6717, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-6699-2024, 2024.
Song, M., Li, X., Yang, S., Yu, X., Zhou, S., Yang, Y., Chen, S., Dong, H., Liao, K., Chen, Q., Lu, K., Zhang, N., Cao, J., Zeng, L., and Zhang, Y.: Spatiotemporal variation, sources, and secondary transformation potential of volatile organic compounds in Xi'an, China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 4939–4958, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4939-2021, 2021.
Steiner, A. L., Cohen, R. C., Harley, R. A., Tonse, S., Millet, D. B., Schade, G. W., and Goldstein, A. H.: VOC reactivity in central California: comparing an air quality model to ground-based measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 351–368, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-351-2008, 2008.
Stockwell, W. R., Kirchner, F., Kuhn, M., and Seefeld, S.: A new mechanism for regional atmospheric chemistry modeling, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 102, 25847–25879, https://doi.org/10.1029/97JD00849, 1997a.
Stockwell, W. R., Kirchner, F., Kuhn, M., and Seefeld, S.: A new mechanism for regional atmospheric chemistry modeling, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 102, 25847–25879, https://doi.org/10.1029/97JD00849, 1997b.
Tan, Z., Fuchs, H., Lu, K., Hofzumahaus, A., Bohn, B., Broch, S., Dong, H., Gomm, S., Häseler, R., He, L., Holland, F., Li, X., Liu, Y., Lu, S., Rohrer, F., Shao, M., Wang, B., Wang, M., Wu, Y., Zeng, L., Zhang, Y., Wahner, A., and Zhang, Y.: Radical chemistry at a rural site (Wangdu) in the North China Plain: observation and model calculations of OH, HO2 and RO2 radicals, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 663–690, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-663-2017, 2017.
Tan, Z., Lu, K., Jiang, M., Su, R., Dong, H., Zeng, L., Xie, S., Tan, Q., and Zhang, Y.: Exploring ozone pollution in Chengdu, southwestern China: A case study from radical chemistry to O3-VOC-NOx sensitivity, Sci. Total Environ., 636, 775–786, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.286, 2018a.
Tan, Z., Rohrer, F., Lu, K., Ma, X., Bohn, B., Broch, S., Dong, H., Fuchs, H., Gkatzelis, G. I., Hofzumahaus, A., Holland, F., Li, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Y., Novelli, A., Shao, M., Wang, H., Wu, Y., Zeng, L., Hu, M., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Wahner, A., and Zhang, Y.: Wintertime photochemistry in Beijing: observations of ROx radical concentrations in the North China Plain during the BEST-ONE campaign, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 12391–12411, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-12391-2018, 2018b.
Tan, Z., Lu, K., Jiang, M., Su, R., Wang, H., Lou, S., Fu, Q., Zhai, C., Tan, Q., Yue, D., Chen, D., Wang, Z., Xie, S., Zeng, L., and Zhang, Y.: Daytime atmospheric oxidation capacity in four Chinese megacities during the photochemically polluted season: a case study based on box model simulation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 3493–3513, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-3493-2019, 2019a.
Tan, Z., Lu, K., Hofzumahaus, A., Fuchs, H., Bohn, B., Holland, F., Liu, Y., Rohrer, F., Shao, M., Sun, K., Wu, Y., Zeng, L., Zhang, Y., Zou, Q., Kiendler-Scharr, A., Wahner, A., and Zhang, Y.: Experimental budgets of OH, HO2, and RO2 radicals and implications for ozone formation in the Pearl River Delta in China 2014, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 7129–7150, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7129-2019, 2019b.
Venecek, M. A., Carter, W. P. L., and Kleeman, M. J.: Updating the SAPRC Maximum Incremental Reactivity (MIR) scale for the United States from 1988 to 2010, J. Air Waste Manage., 68, 1301–1316, https://doi.org/10.1080/10962247.2018.1498410, 2018.
Volkamer, R., Sheehy, P., Molina, L. T., and Molina, M. J.: Oxidative capacity of the Mexico City atmosphere – Part 1: A radical source perspective, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 6969–6991, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-6969-2010, 2010.
Wang, G., Zhu, Z., Liu, Z., Liu, X., Kong, F., Nie, L., Gao, W., Zhao, N., and Lang, J.: Ozone pollution in the plate and logistics capital of China: Insight into the formation, source apportionment, and regional transport, Environ. Pollut., 313, 20144, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120144, 2022a.
Wang, M., Zeng, L., Lu, S., Shao, M., Liu, X., Yu, X., Chen, W., Yuan, B., Zhang, Q., Hu, M., and Zhang, Z.: Development and validation of a cryogen-free automatic gas chromatograph system (GC-MS/FID) for online measurements of volatile organic compounds, Anal. Methods, 6, 9424–9434, https://doi.org/10.1039/C4AY01855A, 2014.
Wang, R., Wang, L., Yang, Y., Zhan, J., Ji, D., Hu, B., Ling, Z., Xue, M., Zhao, S., Yao, D., Liu, Y., and Wang, Y.: Comparative analysis for the impacts of VOC subgroups and atmospheric oxidation capacity on O3 based on different observation-based methods at a suburban site in the North China Plain, Environ. Res., 248, 118250, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2024.118250, 2024.
Wang, S., Yuan, B., Wu, C., Wang, C., Li, T., He, X., Huangfu, Y., Qi, J., Li, X.-B., Sha, Q., Zhu, M., Lou, S., Wang, H., Karl, T., Graus, M., Yuan, Z., and Shao, M.: Oxygenated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as significant but varied contributors to VOC emissions from vehicles, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 9703–9720, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9703-2022, 2022b.
Wang, S., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Wang, L., Sun, Z., and Wang, H.: Review on Source Profiles of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in Typical Industries in China, Atmosphere, 14, 878, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14050878, 2023.
Wang, W., Yuan, B., Peng, Y., Su, H., Cheng, Y., Yang, S., Wu, C., Qi, J., Bao, F., Huangfu, Y., Wang, C., Ye, C., Wang, Z., Wang, B., Wang, X., Song, W., Hu, W., Cheng, P., Zhu, M., Zheng, J., and Shao, M.: Direct observations indicate photodegradable oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) as larger contributors to radicals and ozone production in the atmosphere, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 4117–4128, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4117-2022, 2022c.
Wolfe, G. M., Marvin, M. R., Roberts, S. J., Travis, K. R., and Liao, J.: The Framework for 0-D Atmospheric Modeling (F0AM) v3.1, Geosci. Model Dev., 9, 3309–3319, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-3309-2016, 2016.
Wu, Y., Fan, X., Liu, Y., Zhang, J., Wang, H., Sun, L., Fang, T., Mao, H., Hu, J., Wu, L., Peng, J., and Wang, S.: Source apportionment of VOCs based on photochemical loss in summer at a suburban site in Beijing, Atmos. Environ., 293, 119459, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119459, 2023.
Xia, M., Peng, X., Wang, W., Yu, C., Sun, P., Li, Y., Liu, Y., Xu, Z., Wang, Z., Xu, Z., Nie, W., Ding, A., and Wang, T.: Significant production of ClNO2 and possible source of Cl2 from N2O5 uptake at a suburban site in eastern China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 6147–6158, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-6147-2020, 2020.
Xia, S.-Y., Wang, C., Zhu, B., Chen, X., Feng, N., Yu, G.-H., and Huang, X.-F.: Long-term observations of oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) in an urban atmosphere in southern China, 2014-2019, Environ. Pollut., 270, 116301, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116301, 2021.
Xu, Z., Wang, T., Xue, L. K., Louie, P. K. K., Luk, C. W. Y., Gao, J., Wang, S. L., Chai, F. H., and Wang, W. X.: Evaluating the uncertainties of thermal catalytic conversion in measuring atmospheric nitrogen dioxide at four differently polluted sites in China, Atmos. Environ., 76, 221–226, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.09.043, 2013.
Xuan, H., Zhao, Y., Ma, Q., Chen, T., Liu, J., Wang, Y., Liu, C., Wang, Y., Liu, Y., Mu, Y., and He, H.: Formation mechanisms and atmospheric implications of summertime nitrous acid (HONO) during clean, ozone pollution and double high-level PM2.5 and O3 pollution periods in Beijing, Sci. Total Environ., 857, 159538, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159538, 2023.
Xue, L., Wang, T., Louie, P. K. K., Luk, C. W. Y., Blake, D. R., and Xu, Z.: Increasing External Effects Negate Local Efforts to Control Ozone Air Pollution: A Case Study of Hong Kong and Implications for Other Chinese Cities, Environ. Sci. Technol., 48, 10769–10775, https://doi.org/10.1021/es503278g, 2014a.
Xue, L., Gu, R., Wang, T., Wang, X., Saunders, S., Blake, D., Louie, P. K. K., Luk, C. W. Y., Simpson, I., Xu, Z., Wang, Z., Gao, Y., Lee, S., Mellouki, A., and Wang, W.: Oxidative capacity and radical chemistry in the polluted atmosphere of Hong Kong and Pearl River Delta region: analysis of a severe photochemical smog episode, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 9891–9903, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-9891-2016, 2016.
Xue, L. K., Wang, T., Gao, J., Ding, A. J., Zhou, X. H., Blake, D. R., Wang, X. F., Saunders, S. M., Fan, S. J., Zuo, H. C., Zhang, Q. Z., and Wang, W. X.: Ground-level ozone in four Chinese cities: precursors, regional transport and heterogeneous processes, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 13175–13188, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-13175-2014, 2014b.
Yang, C., Yao, N., Xu, L., Chen, G., Wang, Y., Fan, X., Zhou, P., Clusius, P., Tham, Y. J., Lin, Z., Chen, Y., Li, M., Hong, Y., and Chen, J.: Molecular Composition of Anthropogenic Oxygenated Organic Molecules and Their Contribution to Organic Aerosol in a Coastal City, Environ. Sci. Technol., 57, 15956–15967, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c03244, 2023.
Yang, M., Beale, R., Liss, P., Johnson, M., Blomquist, B., and Nightingale, P.: Air–sea fluxes of oxygenated volatile organic compounds across the Atlantic Ocean, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 7499–7517, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-7499-2014, 2014.
Yang, X., Xue, L., Wang, T., Wang, X., Gao, J., Lee, S., Blake, D. R., Chai, F., and Wang, W.: Observations and Explicit Modeling of Summertime Carbonyl Formation in Beijing: Identification of Key Precursor Species and Their Impact on Atmospheric Oxidation Chemistry, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 123, 1426–1440, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD027403, 2018.
Yang, X., Cheng, X., Yan, H., Sun, Y., and Zhang, G.: Ground-Level Ozone Production over an Industrial Cluster of China: a Box Model Analysis of a Severe Photochemical Pollution Episode, Pol. J. Environ. Stud., 31, 1885–1899, https://doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/143253, 2022a.
Yang, X., Lu, K., Ma, X., Gao, Y., Tan, Z., Wang, H., Chen, X., Li, X., Huang, X., He, L., Tang, M., Zhu, B., Chen, S., Dong, H., Zeng, L., and Zhang, Y.: Radical chemistry in the Pearl River Delta: observations and modeling of OH and HO2 radicals in Shenzhen in 2018, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 12525–12542, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12525-2022, 2022b.
Yarwood, G., Rao, S., Yocke, M., and Whitten, G. Z.: Updates to the carbon bond chemical mechanism: CB05, Technical Report, Final Report to US EPA RT-0400675, 2005.
Yarwood, G., Jung, J., Whitten, G. Z., Heo, G., Mellberg, J., and Estes, M.: Updates to the Carbon Bond mechanism for version 6 (CB6), in: 9th Annual CMAS Conference, in: Proceedings of the 9th Annual CMAS Conference, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, 11–13 October 2010, 2010.
Yokelson, R. J., Karl, T., Artaxo, P., Blake, D. R., Christian, T. J., Griffith, D. W. T., Guenther, A., and Hao, W. M.: The Tropical Forest and Fire Emissions Experiment: overview and airborne fire emission factor measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 5175–5196, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-5175-2007, 2007.
Zhang, K., Huang, L., Li, Q., Huo, J., Duan, Y., Wang, Y., Yaluk, E., Wang, Y., Fu, Q., and Li, L.: Explicit modeling of isoprene chemical processing in polluted air masses in suburban areas of the Yangtze River Delta region: radical cycling and formation of ozone and formaldehyde, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 5905–5917, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5905-2021, 2021a.
Zhang, K., Duan, Y., Huo, J., Huang, L., Wang, Y., Fu, Q., Wang, Y., and Li, L.: Formation mechanism of HCHO pollution in the suburban Yangtze River Delta region, China: A box model study and policy implementations, Atmos. Environ., 267, 118755, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118755, 2021b.
Zhang, Z., Sun, Y., and Li, J.: Characteristics and sources of VOCs in a coastal city in eastern China and the implications in secondary organic aerosol and O3 formation, Sci. Total Environ., 887, 164117, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164117, 2023.
Zheng, B., Zhang, Q., Geng, G., Chen, C., Shi, Q., Cui, M., Lei, Y., and He, K.: Changes in China's anthropogenic emissions and air quality during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 2895–2907, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-2895-2021, 2021.
Zheng, Z., Li, K., Xu, B., Dou, J., Li, L., Zhang, G., Li, S., Geng, C., Yang, W., Azzi, M., and Bai, Z.: O3–precursor relationship over multiple patterns of timescale: a case study in Zibo, Shandong Province, China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2649–2665, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2649-2023, 2023.
Zhou, J., Zhang, C., Liu, A., Yuan, B., Wang, Y., Wang, W., Zhou, J.-P., Hao, Y., Li, X.-B., He, X., Song, X., Chen, Y., Yang, S., Yang, S., Wu, Y., Jiang, B., Huang, S., Liu, J., Peng, Y., Qi, J., Deng, M., Zhong, B., Huangfu, Y., and Shao, M.: Measurement report: Vertical and temporal variability in the near-surface ozone production rate and sensitivity in an urban area in the Pearl River Delta region, China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 9805–9826, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9805-2024, 2024.
Zhou, M., Jiang, W., Gao, W., Gao, X., Ma, M., and Ma, X.: Anthropogenic emission inventory of multiple air pollutants and their spatiotemporal variations in 2017 for the Shandong Province, China, Environ. Pollut., 288, 117666, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117666, 2021.
Zhu, J., Wang, S., Wang, H., Jing, S., Lou, S., Saiz-Lopez, A., and Zhou, B.: Observationally constrained modeling of atmospheric oxidation capacity and photochemical reactivity in Shanghai, China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 1217–1232, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-1217-2020, 2020.
Short summary
Oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) are important ozone (O3) precursors. However, most O3 formation analysis based on the box model (OBM) does not include any OVOC constraint. To access the interference of OVOCs with O3 simulation, this study presents results from a field campaign and OBM analysis. Our results indicate that no OVOC constraint in the OBM can lead to overestimation of OVOCs, free radicals, and O3.
Oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) are important ozone (O3) precursors. However, most...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint