Articles | Volume 23, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1403-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1403-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Measurement report
| 
25 Jan 2023
Measurement report |
| 25 Jan 2023
| 25 Jan 2023
Measurement report: Abundance and fractional solubilities of aerosol metals in urban Hong Kong – insights into factors that control aerosol metal dissolution in an urban site in South China
Junwei Yang
School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
Lan Ma
School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
Xiao He
College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
Wing Chi Au
School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
Yanhao Miao
School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
Wen-Xiong Wang
School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
Related authors
No articles found.
Yuting Lyu, Yin Hau Lam, Yitao Li, Nadine Borduas-Dedekind, and Theodora Nah
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9245–9263, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9245-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9245-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We measured singlet oxygen (1O2*) and triplet excited states of organic matter (3C*) in illuminated aqueous extracts of PM2.5 collected in different seasons at different sites in Hong Kong SAR, South China. In contrast to the locations, seasonality had significant effects on 3C* and 1O2* production due to seasonal variations in long-range air mass transport. The steady-state concentrations of 3C* and 1O2* correlated with the concentration and absorbance of water-soluble organic carbon.
Yushuo Liu, Chee Kent Lim, Zhiyong Shen, Patrick K. H. Lee, and Theodora Nah
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 1731–1747, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1731-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1731-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated how cloud water pH and solar radiation impact the survival and energetic metabolism of two neutrophilic bacteria species and their biodegradation of organic acids. Experiments were performed using artificial cloud water that mimicked the pH and composition of cloud water in South China. We found that there is a minimum cloud water pH threshold at which neutrophilic bacteria will survive and biodegrade organic compounds in cloud water during the daytime and/or nighttime.
Xiao He, Xuan Zheng, Shaojun Zhang, Xuan Wang, Ting Chen, Xiao Zhang, Guanghan Huang, Yihuan Cao, Liqiang He, Xubing Cao, Yuan Cheng, Shuxiao Wang, and Ye Wu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 13935–13947, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13935-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13935-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
With the use of two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC ToF-MS), we successfully give a comprehensive characterization of particulate intermediate-volatility and semi-volatile organic compounds (I/SVOCs) emitted from heavy-duty diesel vehicles. I/SVOCs are speciated, identified, and quantified based on the patterns of the mass spectrum, and the gas–particle partitioning is fully addressed.
Beatrix Rosette Go Mabato, Yan Lyu, Yan Ji, Yong Jie Li, Dan Dan Huang, Xue Li, Theodora Nah, Chun Ho Lam, and Chak K. Chan
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 273–293, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-273-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-273-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Biomass burning (BB) is a global phenomenon that releases large quantities of pollutants such as phenols and aromatic carbonyls into the atmosphere. These compounds can form secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) which play an important role in the Earth’s energy budget. In this work, we demonstrated that the direct irradiation of vanillin (VL) could generate aqueous SOA (aqSOA) such as oligomers. In the presence of nitrate, VL photo-oxidation can also form nitrated compounds.
Yunle Chen, Masayuki Takeuchi, Theodora Nah, Lu Xu, Manjula R. Canagaratna, Harald Stark, Karsten Baumann, Francesco Canonaco, André S. H. Prévôt, L. Gregory Huey, Rodney J. Weber, and Nga L. Ng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 8421–8440, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-8421-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-8421-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Two online mass spectrometry instruments, an aerosol mass spectrometer and a chemical ionization mass spectrometer equipped with a filter inlet for gases and aerosols, were deployed at Yorkville, GA, for a comprehensive characterization of organic aerosol. We observed notable secondary organic aerosol formation from isoprene and monoterpenes via different pathways during both day and night, and a series of highly oxidized acid-like compounds was found to be closely related to aged SOA.
Theodora Nah, Yi Ji, David J. Tanner, Hongyu Guo, Amy P. Sullivan, Nga Lee Ng, Rodney J. Weber, and L. Gregory Huey
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 11, 5087–5104, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-5087-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-5087-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The sources and atmospheric chemistry of gas-phase organic acids are currently poorly understood, due in part to the limited range of measurement techniques available. We evaluated the use of SF6− as a sensitive and selective chemical ionization reagent ion for real-time measurements of gas-phase organic acids at a rural site in Yorkville, Georgia. We found that ambient concentrations of organic acids ranged from a few ppt to several ppb, and are dependent on ambient temperature.
Theodora Nah, Hongyu Guo, Amy P. Sullivan, Yunle Chen, David J. Tanner, Athanasios Nenes, Armistead Russell, Nga Lee Ng, L. Gregory Huey, and Rodney J. Weber
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 11471–11491, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11471-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11471-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We present measurements from a field study conducted in an agriculturally intensive region in the southeastern US during the fall of 2016 to investigate how NH3 affects particle acidity and SOA formation via gas–particle partitioning of semi-volatile organic acids. For this study, higher NH3 concentrations relative to what has been measured in the region in previous studies had minor effects on PM1 organic acids and their influence on the overall organic aerosol and PM1 mass concentrations.
Theodora Nah, Renee C. McVay, Jeffrey R. Pierce, John H. Seinfeld, and Nga L. Ng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 2297–2310, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2297-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-2297-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We present a model framework that accounts for coagulation in chamber studies where high seed aerosol surface area concentrations are used. The uncertainties in the calculated SOA mass concentrations and yields between four different particle-wall loss correction methods over the series of α-pinene ozonolysis experiments are also assessed. We show that SOA mass yields calculated by the four methods can deviate significantly in studies where high seed aerosol surface area concentrations are used.
Related subject area
Subject: Aerosols | Research Activity: Field Measurements | Altitude Range: Troposphere | Science Focus: Chemistry (chemical composition and reactions)
Short-term source apportionment of fine particulate matter with time-dependent profiles using SoFi Pro: exploring the reliability of rolling positive matrix factorization (PMF) applied to bihourly molecular and elemental tracer data
Particulate-bound alkyl nitrate pollution and formation mechanisms in Beijing, China
Characterization of water-soluble brown carbon chromophores from wildfire plumes in the western USA using size-exclusion chromatography
Marine carbohydrates in Arctic aerosol particles and fog – diversity of oceanic sources and atmospheric transformations
Investigating the contribution of grown new particles to cloud condensation nuclei with largely varying preexisting particles – Part 1: Observational data analysis
Measurement report: Brown carbon aerosol in polluted urban air of the North China Plain – day–night differences in the chromophores and optical properties
Source apportionment of soot particles and aqueous-phase processing of black carbon coatings in an urban environment
Seasonal variations in composition and sources of atmospheric ultrafine particles in urban Beijing based on near-continuous measurements
Summertime response of ozone and fine particulate matter to mixing layer meteorology over the North China Plain
Trace elements in PM2.5 aerosols in East Asian outflow in the spring of 2018: emission, transport, and source apportionment
Measurement Report: Investigation on the sources and formation processes of dicarboxylic acids and related species in urban aerosols before and during the COVID-19 lockdown in Jinan, East China
pH dependence of brown-carbon optical properties in cloud water
Oxidative potential in rural, suburban and city centre atmospheric environments in central Europe
Secondary aerosol formation during a special dust transport event: impacts from unusually enhanced ozone and dust backflows over the ocean
Intra-event evolution of elemental and ionic concentrations in wet deposition in an urban environment
Spatial and diurnal variations of aerosol organosulfates in summertime Shanghai, China: potential influence of photochemical processes and anthropogenic sulfate pollution
Chemical characterization of atmospheric aerosols at a high-altitude mountain site: a study of source apportionment
Characterizing water-soluble brown carbon in fine particles in four typical cities in northwestern China during wintertime: integrating optical properties with chemical processes
Chemical composition-dependent hygroscopic behavior of individual ambient aerosol particles collected at a coastal site
Gas–particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds when wildfire smoke comes to town
Enrichment of calcium in sea spray aerosol: insights from bulk measurements and individual particle analysis during the R/V Xuelong cruise in the summertime in Ross Sea, Antarctica
Elucidating the mechanisms of atmospheric new particle formation in the highly polluted Po Valley, Italy
Source apportionment study on particulate air pollution in two high-altitude Bolivian cities: La Paz and El Alto
Morphological features and water solubility of iron in aged fine aerosol particles over the Indian Ocean
What chemical species are responsible for new particle formation and growth in the Netherlands? A hybrid positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis using aerosol composition (ACSM) and size (SMPS)
Physicochemical and Temporal Characteristics of Individual Atmospheric Aerosol Particles in Urban Seoul during KORUS-AQ Campaign: Insights from Single-Particle Analysis
Measurement report: Stoichiometry of dissolved iron and aluminum as an indicator of the factors controlling the fractional solubility of aerosol iron – results of the annual observations of size-fractionated aerosol particles in Japan
Variation in chemical composition and volatility of oxygenated organic aerosol in different rural, urban, and remote environments
In-depth study of the formation processes of single atmospheric particles in the south-eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau
Climatology of aerosol properties at an atmospheric monitoring site on the northern California coast
Concurrent photochemical whitening and darkening of ambient brown carbon
High-time-resolution chemical composition and source apportionment of PM2.5 in northern Chinese cities: implications for policy
Measurement report: New insights into the mixing structures of black carbon on the eastern Tibetan Plateau – soot redistribution and fractal dimension enhancement by liquid–liquid phase separation
Seasonal variations in the production of singlet oxygen and organic triplet excited states in aqueous PM2.5 in Hong Kong SAR, South China
Fractional solubility of iron in mineral dust aerosols over coastal Namibia: a link with marine biogenic emissions?
Nighttime NO emissions strongly suppress chlorine and nitrate radical formation during the winter in Delhi
Influence of natural and anthropogenic aerosols on cloud base droplet size distributions in clouds over the South China Sea and West Pacific
The important contribution of secondary formation and biomass burning to oxidized organic nitrogen (OON) in a polluted urban area: insights from in situ measurements of a chemical ionization mass spectrometer (CIMS)
Measurement report: A 1-year study to estimate maritime contributions to PM10 in a coastal area in northern France
Tropical tropospheric aerosol sources and chemical composition observed at high-altitude in the Bolivian Andes
Evolution and chemical characteristics of organic aerosols during wintertime PM2.5 episodes in Shanghai, China: insights gained from online measurements of organic molecular markers
Arctic observations of hydroperoxymethyl thioformate (HPMTF) – seasonal behavior and relationship to other oxidation products of dimethyl sulfide at the Zeppelin Observatory, Svalbard
A 1-year aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM) source analysis of organic aerosol particle contributions from anthropogenic sources after long-range transport at the TROPOS research station Melpitz
Contributions of primary emissions and secondary formation to nitrated aromatic compounds in themountain background region of Southeast China
Mist cannon trucks can exacerbate the formation of water-soluble organic aerosol and PM2.5 pollution in the road environment
Amino acids, carbohydrates, and lipids in the tropical oligotrophic Atlantic Ocean: sea-to-air transfer and atmospheric in situ formation
Ambient carbonaceous aerosol levels in Cyprus and the role of pollution transport from the Middle East
High contribution of anthropogenic combustion sources to atmospheric inorganic reactive nitrogen in South China evidenced by isotopes
Measurement report: Diurnal variations of brown carbon during two distinct seasons in a megacity in northeast China
Source Apportionment of PM2.5 in Montréal, Canada and Health Risk Assessment for Potentially Toxic Elements
Qiongqiong Wang, Shuhui Zhu, Shan Wang, Cheng Huang, Yusen Duan, and Jian Zhen Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 475–486, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-475-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-475-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated short-term source apportionment of PM2.5 utilizing rolling positive matrix factorization (PMF) and online PM chemical speciation data, which included source-specific organic tracers collected over a period of 37 d during the winter of 2019–2020 in suburban Shanghai, China. The findings highlight that by imposing constraints on the primary source profiles, short-term PMF analysis successfully replicated both the individual primary sources and the total secondary sources.
Jiyuan Yang, Guoyang Lei, Jinfeng Zhu, Yutong Wu, Chang Liu, Kai Hu, Junsong Bao, Zitong Zhang, Weili Lin, and Jun Jin
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 123–136, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-123-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-123-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The atmospheric pollution and formation mechanisms of particulate-bound alkyl nitrate in Beijing were studied. C9–C16 long-chain n-alkyl nitrates negatively correlated with O3 but positively correlated with PM2.5 and NO2, so they may not be produced during gas-phase homogeneous reactions in the photochemical process but form through reactions between alkanes and nitrates on PM surfaces. Particulate-bound n-alkyl nitrates strongly affect both haze pollution and atmospheric visibility.
Lisa Azzarello, Rebecca A. Washenfelder, Michael A. Robinson, Alessandro Franchin, Caroline C. Womack, Christopher D. Holmes, Steven S. Brown, Ann Middlebrook, Tim Newberger, Colm Sweeney, and Cora J. Young
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15643–15654, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15643-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15643-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present a molecular size-resolved offline analysis of water-soluble brown carbon collected on an aircraft during FIREX-AQ. The smoke plumes were aged 0 to 5 h, where absorption was dominated by small molecular weight molecules, brown carbon absorption downwind did not consistently decrease, and the measurements differed from online absorption measurements of the same samples. We show how differences between online and offline absorption could be related to different measurement conditions.
Sebastian Zeppenfeld, Manuela van Pinxteren, Markus Hartmann, Moritz Zeising, Astrid Bracher, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15561–15587, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15561-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15561-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Marine carbohydrates are produced in the surface of the ocean, enter the atmophere as part of sea spray aerosol particles, and potentially contribute to the formation of fog and clouds. Here, we present the results of a sea–air transfer study of marine carbohydrates conducted in the high Arctic. Besides a chemo-selective transfer, we observed a quick atmospheric aging of carbohydrates, possibly as a result of both biotic and abiotic processes.
Xing Wei, Yanjie Shen, Xiao-Ying Yu, Yang Gao, Huiwang Gao, Ming Chu, Yujiao Zhu, and Xiaohong Yao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15325–15350, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15325-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15325-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the contribution of grown new particles to Nccn at a rural mountain site in the North China Plain. The total particle number concentrations (Ncn) observed on 8 new particle formation (NPF) days were higher compared to non-NPF days. The Nccn at 0.2 % supersaturation (SS) and 0.4 % SS on the NPF days was significantly lower than on non-NPF days. Only one of eight NPF events had detectable net contributions to Nccn at 0.4 % SS and 1.0 % SS with increased κ values.
Yuquan Gong, Ru-Jin Huang, Lu Yang, Ting Wang, Wei Yuan, Wei Xu, Wenjuan Cao, Yang Wang, and Yongjie Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15197–15207, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15197-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15197-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study reveals the large day–night differences in brown carbon (BrC) chromophore composition, which was not known previously. The results provide insights into the effects of atmospheric processes and emissions on BrC composition.
Ryan N. Farley, Sonya Collier, Christopher D. Cappa, Leah R. Williams, Timothy B. Onasch, Lynn M. Russell, Hwajin Kim, and Qi Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 15039–15056, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15039-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15039-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Soot particles, also known as black carbon (BC), have important implications for global climate and regional air quality. After the particles are emitted, BC can be coated with other material, impacting the aerosol properties. We selectively measured the composition of particles containing BC to explore their sources and chemical transformations in the atmosphere. We focus on a persistent, multiday fog event in order to study the effects of chemical reactions occurring within liquid droplets.
Xiaoxiao Li, Yijing Chen, Yuyang Li, Runlong Cai, Yiran Li, Chenjuan Deng, Jin Wu, Chao Yan, Hairong Cheng, Yongchun Liu, Markku Kulmala, Jiming Hao, James N. Smith, and Jingkun Jiang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14801–14812, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14801-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14801-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Near-continuous measurements show the composition, sources, and seasonal variations of ultrafine particles (UFPs) in urban Beijing. Vehicle and cooking emissions and new particle formation are the main sources of UFPs, and aqueous/heterogeneous processes increase UFP mode diameters. UFPs are the highest in winter due to the highest primary particle emission rates and new particle formation rates, and CHO fractions are the highest in summer due to the strongest photooxidation.
Jiaqi Wang, Jian Gao, Fei Che, Xin Yang, Yuanqin Yang, Lei Liu, Yan Xiang, and Haisheng Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14715–14733, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14715-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14715-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Regional-scale observations of surface O3, PM2.5 and its major chemical species, mixing layer height (MLH), and other meteorological parameters were made in the North China Plain during summer. Unlike the cold season, synchronized increases in MDA8 O3 and PM2.5 under medium MLH conditions have been witnessed. The increasing trend of PM2.5 was associated with enhanced secondary chemical formation. The correlation between MLH and secondary air pollutants should be treated with care in hot seasons.
Takuma Miyakawa, Akinori Ito, Chunmao Zhu, Atsushi Shimizu, Erika Matsumoto, Yusuke Mizuno, and Yugo Kanaya
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14609–14626, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14609-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14609-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study conducted semi-continuous measurements of PM2.5 aerosols and their elemental composition in western Japan, during spring 2018. It analyzed the emissions, transport, and wet removal of elements such as Pb, Cu, Fe, and Mn. It also assessed the accuracy of modeled concentrations and found overestimations of BC and underestimations of Cu and anthropogenic Fe in East Asia. Insights into emissions, removals, and source apportionment of trace metals in the East Asian outflow were provided.
Jingjing Meng, Yachen Wang, Yuanyuan Li, Tonglin Huang, Zhifei Wang, Yiqiu Wang, Min Chen, Zhanfang Hou, Houhua Zhou, Keding Lu, Kimitaka Kawamura, and Pingqing Fu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14481–14503, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14481-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14481-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigated the effect of COVID-19 lockdown (LCD) measures on the formation and evolutionary process of diacids and related compounds from field observations. Results demonstrate that more aged organic aerosols are observed during the LCD due to the enhanced photochemical oxidation. Our study also found that the reactivity of 13C was higher than that of 12C in the gaseous photochemical oxidation, leading to higher δ13C values of C2 during the LCD than before the LCD.
Christopher J. Hennigan, Michael McKee, Vikram Pratap, Bryanna Boegner, Jasper Reno, Lucia Garcia, Madison McLaren, and Sara M. Lance
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14437–14449, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14437-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14437-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study characterized the optical properties of light-absorbing organic compounds, called brown carbon (BrC), in atmospheric cloud water samples. In all samples, light absorption by BrC increased linearly with increasing pH. There was variability in the sensitivity of the absorption–pH relationship, depending on the degree of influence from fire emissions. Overall, these results show that the climate forcing of BrC is quite strongly affected by its pH-dependent absorption.
Máté Vörösmarty, Gaëlle Uzu, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Pamela Dominutti, Zsófia Kertész, Enikő Papp, and Imre Salma
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14255–14269, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14255-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14255-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Poor air quality caused by high concentrations of particulate matter is one of the most severe public health concerns for humans worldwide. One of the most important biological mechanisms inducing adverse health effects is the oxidant–antioxidant imbalance. We showed that the oxidative stress changed substantially and in a complex manner with location and season. Biomass burning exhibited the dominant influence, while motor vehicles played an important role in the non-heating period.
Da Lu, Hao Li, Mengke Tian, Guochen Wang, Xiaofei Qin, Na Zhao, Juntao Huo, Fan Yang, Yanfen Lin, Jia Chen, Qingyan Fu, Yusen Duan, Xinyi Dong, Congrui Deng, Sabur F. Abdullaev, and Kan Huang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13853–13868, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13853-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13853-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Environmental conditions during dust are usually not favorable for secondary aerosol formation. However in this study, an unusual dust event was captured in a Chinese mega-city and showed “anomalous” meteorology and a special dust backflow transport pathway. The underlying formation mechanisms of secondary aerosols are probed in the context of this special dust event. This study shows significant implications for the varying dust aerosol chemistry in the future changing climate.
Thomas Audoux, Benoit Laurent, Karine Desboeufs, Gael Noyalet, Franck Maisonneuve, Olivier Lauret, and Servanne Chevaillier
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13485–13503, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13485-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13485-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In the Paris region, a campaign was conducted to study wet deposition of aerosol particles during rainfall events. Simultaneous measurements of aerosol and wet deposition allowed us to discuss their transfer from the atmosphere to rain. Chemical evolution within events revealed meteorology, atmospheric conditions and local vs. long range sources as key factors. This study highlights the variability of wet deposition and the need to consider event-specific factors to understand its mechanisms.
Ting Yang, Yu Xu, Qing Ye, Yi-Jia Ma, Yu-Chen Wang, Jian-Zhen Yu, Yu-Sen Duan, Chen-Xi Li, Hong-Wei Xiao, Zi-Yue Li, Yue Zhao, and Hua-Yun Xiao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 13433–13450, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13433-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-13433-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, 130 OS species were quantified in ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) collected in urban and suburban Shanghai (East China) in the summer of 2021. The daytime OS formation was concretized based on the interactions among OSs, ultraviolet (UV), ozone (O3), and sulfate. Our finding provides field evidence for the influence of photochemical process and anthropogenic sulfate on OS formation and has important implications for the mitigation of organic particulate pollution.
Elena Barbaro, Matteo Feltracco, Fabrizio De Blasi, Clara Turetta, Marta Radaelli, Warren Cairns, Giulio Cozzi, Giovanna Mazzi, Marco Casula, Jacopo Gabrieli, Carlo Barbante, and Andrea Gambaro
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2346, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2346, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The study analyzed a year of atmospheric aerosol composition at Col Margherita in the Italian Alps. Over 100 chemical markers were identified, including major ions, organic compounds, and trace elements. It revealed sources of aerosol, highlighted impacts of Saharan Dust events, and showed anthropogenic pollution's influence despite the site's remoteness. Enrichment factors emphasized non-natural sources of trace elements. Source apportionment identified four key factors affecting the area.
Miao Zhong, Jianzhong Xu, Huiqin Wang, Li Gao, Haixia Zhu, Lixiang Zhai, Xinghua Zhang, and Wenhui Zhao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12609–12630, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12609-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12609-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study focus on coal-combustion-dominated aerosol in urban areas in northwestern China and combines the results of optical measurement and chemical analysis to deduce the evolution of these characteristics in the atmosphere, which has previously been unknown. The results provide insights into the effects of atmospheric processes and emissions on brown carbon properties.
Li Wu, Hyo-Jin Eom, Hanjin Yoo, Dhrubajyoti Gupta, Hye-Rin Cho, Pingqing Fu, and Chul-Un Ro
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12571–12588, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12571-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12571-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Hygroscopicity of ambient marine aerosols is of critical relevance to investigate their atmospheric impacts, which, however, remain uncertain due to their complex compositions and mixing states. Therefore, a study on the hygroscopic behavior of ambient marine aerosols for understanding the phase states when interacting with water vapor at different RH levels and their subsequent impacts on the heterogeneous chemical reactions, atmospheric environment, and human health is of vital importance.
Yutong Liang, Rebecca A. Wernis, Kasper Kristensen, Nathan M. Kreisberg, Philip L. Croteau, Scott C. Herndon, Arthur W. H. Chan, Nga L. Ng, and Allen H. Goldstein
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12441–12454, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12441-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12441-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We measured the gas–particle partitioning behaviors of biomass burning markers and examined the effect of wildfire organic aerosol on the partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds. Most compounds measured are less volatile than model predictions. Wildfire aerosol enhanced the condensation of polar compounds and caused some nonpolar (e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) compounds to partition into the gas phase, thus affecting their lifetimes in the atmosphere and the mode of exposure.
Bojiang Su, Xinhui Bi, Zhou Zhang, Yue Liang, Congbo Song, Tao Wang, Yaohao Hu, Lei Li, Zhen Zhou, Jinpei Yan, Xinming Wang, and Guohua Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10697–10711, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10697-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10697-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
During the R/V Xuelong cruise observation over the Ross Sea, Antarctica, the mass concentrations of water-soluble Ca2+ and the mass spectra of individual calcareous particles were measured. Our results indicated that lower temperature, lower wind speed, and the presence of sea ice may facilitate Ca2+ enrichment in sea spray aerosols and highlighted the potential contribution of organically complexed calcium to calcium enrichment, which is inaccurate based solely on water-soluble Ca2+ estimation.
Jing Cai, Juha Sulo, Yifang Gu, Sebastian Holm, Runlong Cai, Steven Thomas, Almuth Neuberger, Fredrik Mattsson, Marco Paglione, Stefano Decesari, Matteo Rinaldi, Rujing Yin, Diego Aliaga, Wei Huang, Yuanyuan Li, Yvette Gramlich, Giancarlo Ciarelli, Lauriane Quéléver, Nina Sarnela, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Nora Zannoni, Cheng Wu, Wei Nie, Claudia Mohr, Markku Kulmala, Qiaozhi Zha, Dominik Stolzenburg, and Federico Bianchi
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1803, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1803, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
By combining field measurements, simulations, and recent chamber experiments, we investigate new particle formation (NPF) and its growth in Po Valley, where both haze and frequent NPF occurred. Our results showed sulfuric acid, ammonia, and amines are the dominant NPF precursors there. A high formation rate of NPF and a lower condensation sink lead to a greater survival probability for newly formed particles, highlighting the importance of gas-to-particle conversion to aerosol concentrations.
Valeria Mardoñez, Marco Pandolfi, Lucille Joanna S. Borlaza, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Andrés Alastuey, Jean-Luc Besombes, Isabel Moreno R., Noemi Perez, Griša Močnik, Patrick Ginot, Radovan Krejci, Vladislav Chrastny, Alfred Wiedensohler, Paolo Laj, Marcos Andrade, and Gaëlle Uzu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10325–10347, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10325-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10325-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
La Paz and El Alto are two fast-growing, high-altitude Bolivian cities forming the second-largest metropolitan area in the country. The sources of particulate matter (PM) in this conurbation were not previously investigated. This study identified 11 main sources of PM, of which dust and vehicular emissions stand out as the main ones. The influence of regional biomass combustion and local waste combustion was also observed, with the latter being a major source of hazardous compounds.
Sayako Ueda, Yoko Iwamoto, Fumikazu Taketani, Mingxu Liu, and Hitoshi Matsui
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10117–10135, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10117-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10117-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We examine iron in atmospheric fine aerosol particles collected over the Indian Ocean during shipborne observations in November 2018. Transmission electron microscopy analysis with water dialysis shows that various types of iron (fly ash, iron oxide, and mineral dust) co-exist with ammonium sulfate and that their solubility differs depending on the iron type. Using PM2.5 bulk samples and global model simulations, we elucidate their origins, aging, and implications for present iron simulations.
Farhan R. Nursanto, Roy Meinen, Rupert Holzinger, Maarten C. Krol, Xinya Liu, Ulrike Dusek, Bas Henzing, and Juliane L. Fry
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 10015–10034, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10015-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-10015-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Particulate matter (PM) is a harmful air pollutant that depends on the complex mixture of natural and anthropogenic emissions into the atmosphere. Thus, in different regions and seasons, the way that PM is formed and grows can differ. In this study, we use a combined statistical analysis of the chemical composition and particle size distribution to determine what drives particle formation and growth across seasons, using varying wind directions to elucidate the role of different sources.
Hanjin Yoo, Li Wu, Hong Geng, and Chul-Un Ro
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1787, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1787, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We conducted an investigation of atmospheric aerosols collected in Seoul, Korea, during the KORUS-AQ campaign, on a single-particle basis. We were able to identify their sources, atmospheric fate, and the impacts of local emissions and long-range transport on aerosol composition. Additionally, we traced potential sources of non-exhaust heavy metal particles. This comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights into the complex dynamics of urban aerosols.
Kohei Sakata, Aya Sakaguchi, Yoshiaki Yamakawa, Chihiro Miyamoto, Minako Kurisu, and Yoshio Takahashi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9815–9836, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9815-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9815-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Anthropogenic iron is the dominant source of dissolved Fe in aerosol particles, but its contribution to dissolved Fe in aerosol particles has not been quantitatively evaluated. We established the molar concentration ratio of dissolved Fe to dissolved Al as a new indicator to evaluate the contribution of anthropogenic iron. As a result, about 10 % of dissolved Fe in aerosol particles was derived from anthropogenic iron when aerosol particles were transported from East Asia to the Pacific Ocean.
Wei Huang, Cheng Wu, Linyu Gao, Yvette Gramlich, Sophie L. Haslett, Joel Thornton, Felipe D. Lopez-Hilfiker, Ben H. Lee, Junwei Song, Harald Saathoff, Xiaoli Shen, Ramakrishna Ramisetty, Sachchida N. Tripathi, Dilip Ganguly, Feng Jiang, Magdalena Vallon, Siegfried Schobesberger, Taina Yli-Juuti, and Claudia Mohr
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1821, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1821, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present distinct molecular composition and volatility of oxygenated organic aerosol particles in different rural, urban, and remote environments across the globe. We did a comprehensive investigation of the relationship between chemical composition and volatility of oxygenated organic aerosol particles across different systems and environments. This study provides implications for volatility descriptions of oxygenated organic aerosol particles in different model frameworks.
Li Li, Qiyuan Wang, Jie Tian, Huikun Liu, Yong Zhang, Steven Sai Hang Ho, Weikang Ran, and Junji Cao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9597–9612, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9597-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9597-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The Tibetan Plateau has a unique geographical location, but there is a lack of detailed research on the real-time characteristics of full aerosol composition. This study elaborates the changes in chemical characteristics between transport and local fine particles during the pre-monsoon, reveals the size distribution and the mixing states of different individual particles, and highlights the contributions of photooxidation and aqueous reaction to the formation of the secondary species.
Erin K. Boedicker, Elisabeth Andrews, Patrick J. Sheridan, and Patricia K. Quinn
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9525–9547, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9525-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9525-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present 15 years of measurements from a marine site on the northern California coast and characterize the seasonal trends of aerosol ion composition and optical properties at the site. We investigate the relationship between the chemical and optical properties and show that they both support similar seasonal variations in aerosol sources at the site. Additionally, we show through comparisons to other marine aerosol observations that the site is representative of a clean marine environment.
Qian Li, Dantong Liu, Xiaotong Jiang, Ping Tian, Yangzhou Wu, Siyuan Li, Kang Hu, Quan Liu, Mengyu Huang, Ruijie Li, Kai Bi, Shaofei Kong, Deping Ding, and Chenjie Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9439–9453, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9439-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9439-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
By attributing the shortwave absorption from black carbon, primary organic aerosol and secondary organic aerosol in a suburban environment, we firstly observed that the photochemically produced nitrogen-containing secondary organic aerosol may contribute to the enhancement of brown carbon absorption, partly compensating for some bleaching effect on the absorption of primary organic aerosol, hereby exerting radiative impacts.
Yong Zhang, Jie Tian, Qiyuan Wang, Lu Qi, Manousos Ioannis Manousakas, Yuemei Han, Weikang Ran, Yele Sun, Huikun Liu, Renjian Zhang, Yunfei Wu, Tianqu Cui, Kaspar Rudolf Daellenbach, Jay Gates Slowik, André S. H. Prévôt, and Junji Cao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9455–9471, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9455-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9455-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
PM2.5 pollution still frequently occurs in northern China during winter, and it is necessary to figure out the causes of air pollution based on intensive real-time measurement. The findings elaborate the chemical characteristics and source contributions of PM2.5 in three pilot cities, reveal potential formation mechanisms of secondary aerosols, and highlight the importance of controlling biomass burning and inhibiting generation of secondary aerosol for air quality improvement.
Qi Yuan, Yuanyuan Wang, Yixin Chen, Siyao Yue, Jian Zhang, Yinxiao Zhang, Liang Xu, Wei Hu, Dantong Liu, Pingqing Fu, Huiwang Gao, and Weijun Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9385–9399, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9385-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9385-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study for the first time found large amounts of liquid–liquid phase separation particles with soot redistributing in organic coatings instead of sulfate cores in the eastern Tibetan Plateau atmosphere. The particle size and the ratio of the organic matter coating thickness to soot size are two of the major possible factors that likely affect the soot redistribution process. The soot redistribution process promoted the morphological compaction of soot particles.
Yuting Lyu, Yin Hau Lam, Yitao Li, Nadine Borduas-Dedekind, and Theodora Nah
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9245–9263, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9245-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9245-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We measured singlet oxygen (1O2*) and triplet excited states of organic matter (3C*) in illuminated aqueous extracts of PM2.5 collected in different seasons at different sites in Hong Kong SAR, South China. In contrast to the locations, seasonality had significant effects on 3C* and 1O2* production due to seasonal variations in long-range air mass transport. The steady-state concentrations of 3C* and 1O2* correlated with the concentration and absorbance of water-soluble organic carbon.
Karine Desboeufs, Paola Formenti, Raquel Torres-Sánchez, Kerstin Schepanski, Jean-Pierre Chaboureau, Hendrik Andersen, Jan Cermak, Stefanie Feuerstein, Benoit Laurent, Danitza Klopper, Andreas Namwoonde, Mathieu Cazaunau, Servanne Chevaillier, Anaïs Feron, Cecile Mirande-Bret, Sylvain Triquet, and Stuart J. Piketh
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1736, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1736, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates the fractional solubility of iron (Fe) in dust particles along the coast of Namibia, a critical region for the atmospheric Fe supply of the Southern Atlantic Ocean. Our results suggest a possible two-way interplay whereby marine biogenic emissions from the coastal marine ecosystems to the atmosphere would increase the solubility of Fe-bearing dust by photo-reduction processes. The subsequent deposition of soluble Fe could act to further enhance marine biogenic emissions.
Sophie L. Haslett, David M. Bell, Varun Kumar, Jay G. Slowik, Dongyu S. Wang, Suneeti Mishra, Neeraj Rastogi, Atinderpal Singh, Dilip Ganguly, Joel Thornton, Feixue Zheng, Yuanyuan Li, Wei Nie, Yongchun Liu, Wei Ma, Chao Yan, Markku Kulmala, Kaspar R. Daellenbach, David Hadden, Urs Baltensperger, Andre S. H. Prevot, Sachchida N. Tripathi, and Claudia Mohr
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9023–9036, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9023-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9023-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In Delhi, some aspects of daytime and nighttime atmospheric chemistry are inverted, and parodoxically, vehicle emissions may be limiting other forms of particle production. This is because the nighttime emissions of nitrogen oxide (NO) by traffic and biomass burning prevent some chemical processes that would otherwise create even more particles and worsen the urban haze.
Rose Marie Miller, Robert M. Rauber, Larry Di Girolamo, Matthew Rilloraza, Dongwei Fu, Greg M. McFarquhar, Stephen W. Nesbitt, Luke D. Ziemba, Sarah Woods, and Kenneth Lee Thornhill
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8959–8977, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8959-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8959-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The influence of human-produced aerosols on clouds remains one of the uncertainties in radiative forcing of Earth’s climate. Measurements of aerosol chemistry from sources around the Philippines illustrate the linkage between aerosol chemical composition and cloud droplet characteristics. Differences in aerosol chemical composition in the marine layer from biomass burning, industrial, ship-produced, and marine aerosols are shown to impact cloud microphysical structure just above cloud base.
Yiyu Cai, Chenshuo Ye, Wei Chen, Weiwei Hu, Wei Song, Yuwen Peng, Shan Huang, Jipeng Qi, Sihang Wang, Chaomin Wang, Caihong Wu, Zelong Wang, Baolin Wang, Xiaofeng Huang, Lingyan He, Sasho Gligorovski, Bin Yuan, Min Shao, and Xinming Wang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8855–8877, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8855-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8855-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the variability and molecular composition of ambient oxidized organic nitrogen (OON) in both gas and particle phases using a state-of-the-art online mass spectrometer in urban air. Biomass burning and secondary formation were found to be the two major sources of OON. Daytime nitrate radical chemistry for OON formation was more important than previously thought. Our results improved the understanding of the sources and molecular composition of OON in the polluted urban atmosphere.
Frédéric Ledoux, Cloé Roche, Gilles Delmaire, Gilles Roussel, Olivier Favez, Marc Fadel, and Dominique Courcot
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 8607–8622, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8607-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8607-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We quantify the emissions from the marine sector in northern France, whether from natural or human-made sources. Therefore, a 1-year PM10 sampling campaign was conducted at a French coastal site. Results showed that sea salts contributed 37 %, while secondary nitrate and sulfate contributed 42 %, biomass burning 8 %, and heavy-fuel-oil combustion from shipping emissions 5 %. Sources contributing more than 80 % of PM10 are of regional and/or long-range origin.
C. Isabel Moreno, Radovan Krejci, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Gaëlle Uzu, Andrés Alastuey, Marcos F. Andrade, Valeria Mardóñez, Alkuin Maximilian Koenig, Diego Aliaga, Claudia Mohr, Laura Ticona, Fernando Velarde, Luis Blacutt, Ricardo Forno, David N. Whiteman, Alfred Wiedensohler, Patrick Ginot, and Paolo Laj
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1298, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1298, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol chemical composition (ions, sugars, carbonaceous matter) from 2011 to 2020 was studied at Mt. Chacaltaya (5380 masl, Bolivian Andes), in a region lacking data. Minimum concentrations occur in the rainy season and maxima in the dry-transition seasons. The origins of the aerosol are located in a radius of hundreds of kilometers: nearby urban and rural areas; natural biogenic emissions; vegetation burning from Amazonia and Chaco; Pacific Ocean emissions; soil dust; and Peruvian volcanism.
Shuhui Zhu, Min Zhou, Liping Qiao, Dan Dan Huang, Qiongqiong Wang, Shan Wang, Yaqin Gao, Shengao Jing, Qian Wang, Hongli Wang, Changhong Chen, Cheng Huang, and Jian Zhen Yu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7551–7568, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7551-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7551-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Organic aerosol (OA) is increasingly important in urban PM2.5 pollution as inorganic ions are becoming lower. We investigated the chemical characteristics of OA during nine episodes in Shanghai. The availability of bi-hourly measured molecular markers revealed that the control of local urban sources such as vehicular and cooking emissions lessened the severity of local episodes. Regional control of precursors and biomass burning would reduce PM2.5 episodes influenced by regional transport.
Karolina Siegel, Yvette Gramlich, Sophie L. Haslett, Gabriel Freitas, Radovan Krejci, Paul Zieger, and Claudia Mohr
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7569–7587, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7569-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7569-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Hydroperoxymethyl thioformate (HPMTF) is a recently discovered oxidation product of dimethyl sulfide (DMS). We present a full year of concurrent gas- and particle-phase observations of HPMTF and other DMS oxidation products from the Arctic. We did not observe significant amounts of HPMTF in the particle phase but a good agreement between gas-phase HMPTF and methanesulfonic acid in the summer. Our study provides information about the relationship between HPMTF and other DMS oxidation products.
Samira Atabakhsh, Laurent Poulain, Gang Chen, Francesco Canonaco, André S. H. Prévôt, Mira Pöhlker, Alfred Wiedensohler, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6963–6988, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6963-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6963-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The study focuses on the aerosol chemical variations found in the rural-background station of Melpitz based on ACSM and MAAP measurements. Source apportionment on both organic aerosol (OA) and black carbon (eBC) was performed, and source seasonality was also linked to air mass trajectories. Overall, three anthropogenic sources were identified in OA and eBC plus two additional aged OA. Our results demonstrate the influence of transported coal-combustion-related OA even during summer time.
Yanqin Ren, Gehui Wang, Jie Wei, Jun Tao, Zhisheng Zhang, and Hong Li
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6835–6848, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6835-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6835-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Nine quantified nitrated aromatic compounds (NACs) in PM2.5 were examined at the peak of Mt. Wuyi. They manifested a significant rise in overall abundance in the winter and autumn. The transport of contaminants had a significant impact on NACs. Under low-NOx conditions, the formation of NACs was comparatively sensitive to NO2, suggesting that NACs would become significant in the aerosol characteristics when nitrate concentrations decreased as a result of emission reduction measures.
Yu Xu, Xin-Ni Dong, Chen He, Dai-She Wu, Hong-Wei Xiao, and Hua-Yun Xiao
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6775–6788, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6775-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6775-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The air pollution associated with fine particles and secondary organic aerosol is not weakened by the application of mist cannon trucks but rather is aggravated. Our results provide not only new insights into the formation processes of aerosol water-soluble organic compounds associated with the water mist sprayed by mist cannon trucks in the road atmospheric environment but also crucial information for the decision makers to regulate the operation of mist cannon trucks in many cities in China.
Manuela van Pinxteren, Sebastian Zeppenfeld, Khanneh Wadinga Fomba, Nadja Triesch, Sanja Frka, and Hartmut Herrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6571–6590, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6571-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6571-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Important marine organic carbon compounds were identified in the Atlantic Ocean and marine aerosol particles. These compounds were strongly enriched in the atmosphere. Their enrichment was, however, not solely explained via sea-to-air transfer but also via atmospheric in situ formation. The identified compounds constituted about 50 % of the organic carbon on the aerosol particles, and a pronounced coupling between ocean and atmosphere for this oligotrophic region could be concluded.
Aliki Christodoulou, Iasonas Stavroulas, Mihalis Vrekoussis, Maximillien Desservettaz, Michael Pikridas, Elie Bimenyimana, Jonilda Kushta, Matic Ivančič, Martin Rigler, Philippe Goloub, Konstantina Oikonomou, Roland Sarda-Estève, Chrysanthos Savvides, Charbel Afif, Nikos Mihalopoulos, Stéphane Sauvage, and Jean Sciare
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6431–6456, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6431-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6431-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Our study presents, for the first time, a detailed source identification of aerosols at an urban background site in Cyprus (eastern Mediterranean), a region strongly impacted by climate change and air pollution. Here, we identify an unexpected high contribution of long-range transported pollution from fossil fuel sources in the Middle East, highlighting an urgent need to further characterize these fast-growing emissions and their impacts on regional atmospheric composition, climate, and health.
Tingting Li, Jun Li, Zeyu Sun, Hongxing Jiang, Chongguo Tian, and Gan Zhang
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6395–6407, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6395-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6395-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
N-NH4+ and N-NO3- were vital components in nitrogenous aerosols and contributed 69 % to total nitrogen in PM2.5. Coal combustion was still the most important source of urban atmospheric NO3-. However, the non-agriculture sources play an increasingly important role in NH4+ emissions.
Yuan Cheng, Xu-bing Cao, Jiu-meng Liu, Ying-jie Zhong, Qin-qin Yu, Qiang Zhang, and Ke-bin He
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6241–6253, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6241-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6241-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Brown carbon (BrC) aerosols were explored in the northernmost megacity in China during a frigid winter and an agricultural-fire-impacted spring. BrC was more light absorbing at night for both seasons, with more pronounced diurnal variations in spring, and the dominant drivers were identified as regulations on heavy-duty diesel trucks and open burning, respectively. Agricultural fires resulted in unique absorption spectra of BrC, which were characterized by a distinct peak at ∼365 nm.
Nansi Fakhri, Robin Stevens, Arnold Downey, Konstantina Oikonomou, Jean Sciare, Charbel Afif, and Patrick L. Hayes
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1039, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1039, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The chemical composition of PM2.5 and emission sources as well as potential human health risk associated with trace elements are investigated for an urban site in Montréal over a 3-month period (August–November). To our knowledge, this study represents the first time that such extensive composition measurements were included in an urban source apportionment study in Canada and provides greater resolution of PM2.5 sources than has been previously achieved using PMF in similar Canadian studies.
Cited articles
Adachi, K. and Tainosho, Y.: Characterization of heavy metal particles embedded in tire dust, Environ. Int., 30, 1009–1017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2004.04.004, 2004.
Al-Abadleh, H. A.: Review of the bulk and surface chemistry of iron in
atmospherically relevant systems containing humic-like substances, RSC Adv., 5, 45785–45811, https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ra03132j, 2015.
Al-Abadleh, H. A.: Aging of atmospheric aerosols and the role of iron in
catalyzing brown carbon formation, Environ. Sci.-Atmos., 1, 297–345, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1EA00038A, 2021.
Baker, A. R. and Jickells, T. D.: Mineral particle size as a control on aerosol iron solubility, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L17608, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL026557, 2006.
Baker, A. R., Jickells, T. D., Witt, M., and Linge, K. L.: Trends in the
solubility of iron, aluminium, manganese and phosphorus in aerosol collected
over the Atlantic Ocean, Mar. Chem., 98, 43–58, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2005.06.004, 2006.
Baker, A. R., Li, M., and Chance, R.: Trace Metal Fractional Solubility in
Size-Segregated Aerosols From the Tropical Eastern Atlantic Ocean, Global
Biogeochem. Cy., 34, e2019GB006510, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GB006510, 2020.
Bates, J. T., Fang, T., Verma, V., Zeng, L. H., Weber, R. J., Tolbert, P. E., Abrams, J. Y., Sarnat, S. E., Klein, M., Mulholland, J. A., and Russell, A. G.: Review of Acellular Assays of Ambient Particulate Matter Oxidative Potential: Methods and Relationships with Composition, Sources, and Health
Effects, Environ. Sci. Technol,, 53, 4003–4019, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b03430, 2019.
Birmili, W., Allen, A. G., Bary, F., and Harrison, R. M.: Trace Metal
Concentrations and Water Solubility in Size-Fractionated Atmospheric Particles and Influence of Road Traffic, Environ. Sci. Technol., 40, 1144–1153, https://doi.org/10.1021/es0486925, 2006.
Boyd, P. W., Jickells, T., Law, C. S., Blain, S., Boyle, E. A., Buesseler, K. O., Coale, K. H., Cullen, J. J., de Baar, H. J. W., Follows, M., Harvey, M., Lancelot, C., Levasseur, M., Owens, N. P. J., Pollard, R., Rivkin, R. B., Sarmiento, J., Schoemann, V., Smetacek, V., Takeda, S., Tsuda, A., Turner, S., and Watson, A. J.: Mesoscale iron enrichment experiments 1993–2005: Synthesis and future directions, Science, 315, 612–617, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1131669, 2007.
Bresgen, N. and Eckl, P. M.: Oxidative stress and the homeodynamics of iron
metabolism, Biomolecules, 5, 808–847, https://doi.org/10.3390/biom5020808, 2015.
Brook, R. D., Rajagopalan, S., Pope, C. A., Brook, J. R., Bhatnagar, A.,
Diez-Roux, A. V., Holguin, F., Hong, Y. L., Luepker, R. V., Mittleman, M. A., Peters, A., Siscovick, D., Smith, S. C., Whitsel, L., Kaufman, J. D., Amer Heart Assoc Council, E., Council Kidney Cardiovasc, D., and Council Nutr Phys Activity, M.: Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease An Update to the Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association, Circulation, 121, 2331–2378, https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0b013e3181dbece1, 2010.
Celo, V., Dabek-Zlotorzynska, E., and McCurdy, M.: Chemical Characterization
of Exhaust Emissions from Selected Canadian Marine Vessels: The Case of
Trace Metals and Lanthanoids, Environ. Sci. Technol., 49, 5220–5226, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b00127, 2015.
Chen, H. H. and Grassian, V. H.: Iron Dissolution of Dust Source Materials
during Simulated Acidic Processing: The Effect of Sulfuric, Acetic, and Oxalic Acids, Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, 10312–10321, https://doi.org/10.1021/es401285s, 2013.
Cheng, Y., Lee, S. C., Cao, J., Ho, K. F., Chow, J., Watson, J., and Ao, C.:
Elemental composition of airborne aerosols at a traffic site and a suburban
site in Hong Kong, Int. J. Environ. Pollut., 36, 166–179, 2009.
Chow, W. S., Huang, X. H. H., Leung, K. F., Huang, L., Wu, X., and Yu, J. Z.: Molecular and elemental marker-based source apportionment of fine particulate matter at six sites in Hong Kong, China, Sci. Total Environ., 813, 152652, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152652, 2022.
Chu, B., Hao, J., Li, J., Takekawa, H., Wang, K., and Jiang, J.: Effects of
two transition metal sulfate salts on secondary organic aerosol formation in
toluene/NOxphotooxidation, Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. 7, 1–9, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-012-0476-x, 2013.
Chu, B., Liggio, J., Liu, Y., He, H., Takekawa, H., Li, S.-M., and Hao, J.:
Influence of metal-mediated aerosol-phase oxidation on secondary organic aerosol formation from the ozonolysis and OH-oxidation of α-pinene,
Scient. Rep., 7, 40311, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep40311, 2017.
Cohen, A. J., Brauer, M., Burnett, R., Anderson, H. R., Frostad, J., Estep,
K., Balakrishnan, K., Brunekreef, B., Dandona, L., Dandona, R., Feigin, V.,
Freedman, G., Hubbell, B., Jobling, A., Kan, H., Knibbs, L., Liu, Y., Martin, R., Morawska, L., Pope, C. A., Shin, H., Straif, K., Shaddick, G., Thomas, M., van Dingenen, R., van Donkelaar, A., Vos, T., Murray, C. J. L., and Forouzanfar, M. H.: Estimates and 25-year trends of the global burden of disease attributable to ambient air pollution: an analysis of data from the
Global Burden of Diseases Study 2015, Lancet, 389, 1907–1918,
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(17)30505-6, 2017.
Costa, D. L. and Dreher, K. L.: Bioavailable transition metals in particulate matter mediate cardiopulmonary injury in healthy and compromised animal models, Environ. Health Perspect., 105, 1053–1060, https://doi.org/10.2307/3433509, 1997.
de Baar, H. J. W., Boyd, P. W., Coale, K. H., Landry, M. R., Tsuda, A., Assmy, P., Bakker, D. C. E., Bozec, Y., Barber, R. T., Brzezinski, M. A., Buesseler, K. O., Boye, M., Croot, P. L., Gervais, F., Gorbunov, M. Y.,
Harrison, P. J., Hiscock, W. T., Laan, P., Lancelot, C., Law, C. S., Levasseur, M., Marchetti, A., Millero, F. J., Nishioka, J., Nojiri, Y., van Oijen, T., Riebesell, U., Rijkenberg, M. J. A., Saito, H., Takeda, S.,
Timmermans, K. R., Veldhuis, M. J. W., Waite, A. M., and Wong, C. S.: Synthesis of iron fertilization experiments: From the iron age in the age of
enlightenment, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 110, C09S16, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004jc002601, 2005.
Deguillaume, L., Leriche, M., Desboeufs, K., Mailhot, G., George, C., and
Chaumerliac, N.: Transition Metals in Atmospheric Liquid Phases: Sources,
Reactivity, and Sensitive Parameters, Chem. Rev., 105, 3388–3431,
https://doi.org/10.1021/cr040649c, 2005.
Fang, T., Guo, H., Verma, V., Peltier, R. E., and Weber, R. J.: PM2.5
water-soluble elements in the southeastern United States: automated analytical method development, spatiotemporal distributions, source apportionment, and implications for heath studies, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15,
11667–11682, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-11667-2015, 2015.
Fang, T., Guo, H., Zeng, L., Verma, V., Nenes, A., and Weber, R. J.: Highly
Acidic Ambient Particles, Soluble Metals, and Oxidative Potential: A Link
between Sulfate and Aerosol Toxicity, Environ. Sci. Technol., 51, 2611–2620, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b06151, 2017.
Fountoukis, C. and Nenes, A.: ISORROPIA II: a computationally efficient
thermodynamic equilibrium model for
K+–Ca2+–Mg2+–
Fountoukis, C., Nenes, A., Sullivan, A., Weber, R., Van Reken, T., Fischer,
M., Matias, E., Moya, M., Farmer, D., and Cohen, R. C.: Thermodynamic
characterization of Mexico City aerosol during MILAGRO 2006, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 2141–2156, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-2141-2009, 2009.
Frampton, M. W., Ghio, A. J., Samet, J. M., Carson, J. L., Carter, J. D.,
and Devlin, R. B.: Effects of aqueous extracts of PM10 filters from the Utah
Valley on human airway epithelial cells, Am. J. Physiol.-Lung Cell. Molec. Physiol., 277, L960–L967, https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.1999.277.5.L960, 1999.
Gao, D., Mulholland, J. A., Russell, A. G., and Weber, R. J.: Characterization of water-insoluble oxidative potential of PM2.5 using the dithiothreitol assay, Atmos. Enviro., 224, 117327, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117327, 2020.
Gao, Y., Marsay, C. M., Yu, S., Fan, S., Mukherjee, P., Buck, C. S., and Landing, W. M.: Particle-Size Variability of Aerosol Iron and Impact on Iron
Solubility and Dry Deposition Fluxes to the Arctic Ocean, Sci. Rep., 9, 16653, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-52468-z, 2019.
Gao, Y., Yu, S., Sherrell, R. M., Fan, S., Bu, K., and Anderson, J. R.:
Particle-Size Distributions and Solubility of Aerosol Iron Over the Antarctic Peninsula During Austral Summer, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 125, e2019JD032082, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JD032082, 2020.
Garg, B. D., Cadle, S. H., Mulawa, P. A., Groblicki, P. J., Laroo, C., and
Parr, G. A.: Brake Wear Particulate Matter Emissions, Environ. Sci. Technol., 34, 4463–4469, https://doi.org/10.1021/es001108h, 2000.
Garrett, R. G.: Natural Sources of Metals to the Environment, Human Ecol. Risk Assess., 6, 945–963, https://doi.org/10.1080/10807030091124383, 2000.
Giorio, C., D'Aronco, S., Di Marco, V., Badocco, D., Battaglia, F., Soldà, L., Pastore, P., and Tapparo, A.: Emerging investigator series: aqueous-phase processing of atmospheric aerosol influences dissolution
kinetics of metal ions in an urban background site in the Po Valley, Environ. Sci.-Process. Impact., 24, 884–897, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2EM00023G, 2022.
He, X., Liu, P., Zhao, W., Xu, H., Zhang, R., and Shen, Z.: Size distribution of water-soluble metals in atmospheric particles in Xi'an, China: Seasonal variations, bioavailability, and health risk assessment, Atmos. Pollut. Res., 12, 101090, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2021.101090, 2021.
Heal, M. R., Elton, R. A., Hibbs, L. R., Agius, R. M., and Beverland, I. J.:
A time-series study of the health effects of water-soluble and total-extractable metal content of airborne particulate matter, Occupat.
Environ. Med., 66, 636–638, https://doi.org/10.1136/oem.2008.045310, 2009.
Hopke, P. K., Lamb, R. E., and Natusch, D. F. S.: Multielemental characterization of urban roadway dust, Environ. Sci. Technol., 14, 164–172, https://doi.org/10.1021/es60162a006, 1980.
Ingall, E. D., Feng, Y., Longo, A. F., Lai, B., Shelley, R. U., Landing, W.
M., Morton, P. L., Nenes, A., Mihalopoulos, N., Violaki, K., Gao, Y., Sahai,
S., and Castorina, E.: Enhanced Iron Solubility at Low pH in Global Aerosols, Atmosphere, 9, 201, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos9050201, 2018.
Jiang, S. Y., Kaul, D. S., Yang, F., Sun, L., and Ning, Z.: Source apportionment and water solubility of metals in size segregated particles in
urban environments, Sci. Total Environ., 533, 347–355,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.06.146, 2015.
Jiang, S. Y. N., Yang, F., Chan, K. L., and Ning, Z.: Water solubility of
metals in coarse PM and PM2.5 in typical urban environment in Hong Kong,
Atmos. Pollut. Res., 5, 236–244, https://doi.org/10.5094/APR.2014.029, 2014.
Jordi, A., Basterretxea, G., Tovar-Sanchez, A., Alastuey, A., and Querol, X.: Copper aerosols inhibit phytoplankton growth in the Mediterranean Sea, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 109, 21246–21249, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1207567110, 2012.
Kuma, K., Nakabayashi, S., and Matsunaga, K.: Photoreduction of Fe(III) by
hydroxycarboxylic acids in seawater, Water Res., 29, 1559–1569,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(94)00289-J, 1995.
Lakey, P. S. J., Berkemeier, T., Tong, H. J., Arangio, A. M., Lucas, K., Poschl, U., and Shiraiwa, M.: Chemical exposure-response relationship between air pollutants and reactive oxygen species in the human respiratory tract, Scient. Rep., 6, 32916, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep32916, 2016.
Lee, C. S. L., Li, X.-D., Zhang, G., Li, J., Ding, A.-J., and Wang, T.: Heavy metals and Pb isotopic composition of aerosols in urban and suburban areas of Hong Kong and Guangzhou, South China—Evidence of the long-range transport of air contaminants, Atmos. Environ., 41, 432–447, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.07.035, 2007.
Li, W., Wang, T., Zhou, S., Lee, S., Huang, Y., Gao, Y., and Wang, W.: Microscopic Observation of Metal-Containing Particles from Chinese Continental Outflow Observed from a Non-Industrial Site, Environ. Sci. Technol., 47, 9124–9131, https://doi.org/10.1021/es400109q, 2013.
Li, W., Xu, L., Liu, X., Zhang, J., Lin, Y., Yao, X., Gao, H., Zhang, D., Chen, J., Wang, W., Harrison, R. M., Zhang, X., Shao, L., Fu, P., Nenes, A.,
and Shi, Z.: Air pollution–aerosol interactions produce more bioavailable
iron for ocean ecosystems, Sci. Adv., 3, e1601749, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1601749, 2017.
Lippmann, M.: Toxicological and epidemiological studies of cardiovascular
effects of ambient air fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and its chemical
components: Coherence and public health implications, Crit. Rev. Toxicol., 44, 299–347, https://doi.org/10.3109/10408444.2013.861796, 2014.
Longo, A. F., Feng, Y., Lai, B., Landing, W. M., Shelley, R. U., Nenes, A.,
Mihalopoulos, N., Violaki, K., and Ingall, E. D.: Influence of Atmospheric
Processes on the Solubility and Composition of Iron in Saharan Dust, Environ. Sci. Technol., 50, 6912–6920, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b02605, 2016.
Lough, G. C., Schauer, J. J., Park, J.-S., Shafer, M. M., DeMinter, J. T., and Weinstein, J. P.: Emissions of Metals Associated with Motor Vehicle
Roadways, Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 826–836, https://doi.org/10.1021/es048715f, 2005.
Mahowald, N. M., Hamilton, D. S., Mackey, K. R. M., Moore, J. K., Baker, A. R., Scanza, R. A., and Zhang, Y.: Aerosol trace metal leaching and impacts on marine microorganisms, Nat. Commun., 9, 2614, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04970-7, 2018.
Mao, J., Fan, S., Jacob, D. J., and Travis, K. R.: Radical loss in the atmosphere from Cu–Fe redox coupling in aerosols, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13,
509–519, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-509-2013, 2013.
Mao, J., Fan, S., and Horowitz, L. W.: Soluble Fe in Aerosols Sustained by
Gaseous HO2 Uptake, Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett., 4, 98–104, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.7b00017, 2017.
Nriagu, J. O.: A global assessment of natural sources of atmospheric trace
metals, Nature, 338, 47–49, https://doi.org/10.1038/338047a0, 1989.
Oakes, M., Ingall, E. D., Lai, B., Shafer, M. M., Hays, M. D., Liu, Z. G.,
Russell, A. G., and Weber, R. J.: Iron Solubility Related to Particle Sulfur
Content in Source Emission and Ambient Fine Particles, Environ. Sci. Technol., 46, 6637–6644, https://doi.org/10.1021/es300701c, 2012.
Paatero, P.: Least squares formulation of robust non-negative factor analysis, Chemometr. Intel. Labor. Syst., 37, 23–35, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-7439(96)00044-5, 1997.
Paatero, P. and Tapper, U.: Positive matrix factorization: A non-negative
factor model with optimal utilization of error estimates of data values,
Environmetrics, 5, 111–126, https://doi.org/10.1002/env.3170050203, 1994.
Paris, R. and Desboeufs, K. V.: Effect of atmospheric organic complexation
on iron-bearing dust solubility, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 4895–4905, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-4895-2013, 2013.
Paris, R., Desboeufs, K. V., and Journet, E.: Variability of dust iron solubility in atmospheric waters: Investigation of the role of oxalate organic complexation, Atmos. Environ., 45, 6510–6517,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.068, 2011.
Paytan, A., Mackey, K. R. M., Chen, Y., Lima, I. D., Doney, S. C., Mahowald,
N., Labiosa, R., and Postf, A. F.: Toxicity of atmospheric aerosols on marine phytoplankton, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 106, 4601–4605, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811486106, 2009.
Phalen, R. F.: The particulate air pollution controversy, Nonlin. Biol. Toxicol. Med., 2, 259–292, https://doi.org/10.1080/15401420490900245, 2004.
Pye, H. O. T., Nenes, A., Alexander, B., Ault, A. P., Barth, M. C., Clegg, S. L., Collett Jr, J. L., Fahey, K. M., Hennigan, C. J., Herrmann, H., Kanakidou, M., Kelly, J. T., Ku, I. T., McNeill, V. F., Riemer, N., Schaefer, T., Shi, G., Tilgner, A., Walker, J. T., Wang, T., Weber, R., Xing, J., Zaveri, R. A., and Zuend, A.: The acidity of atmospheric particles and clouds, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 4809–4888, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4809-2020, 2020.
Schroth, A. W., Crusius, J., Sholkovitz, E. R., and Bostick, B. C.: Iron
solubility driven by speciation in dust sources to the ocean, Nat. Geosci., 2, 337–340, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo501, 2009.
Sedwick, P. N., Sholkovitz, E. R., and Church, T. M.: Impact of anthropogenic combustion emissions on the fractional solubility of aerosol iron: Evidence from the Sargasso Sea, Geochem. Geophy. Geosy., 8, Q10Q06, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GC001586, 2007.
Shelley, R. U., Landing, W. M., Ussher, S. J., Planquette, H., and Sarthou, G.: Regional trends in the fractional solubility of Fe and other metals from
North Atlantic aerosols (GEOTRACES cruises GA01 and GA03) following a two-stage leach, Biogeosciences, 15, 2271–2288, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-2271-2018, 2018.
Shi, J., Guan, Y., Ito, A., Gao, H., Yao, X., Baker, A. R., and Zhang, D.:
High Production of Soluble Iron Promoted by Aerosol Acidification in Fog,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 47, e2019GL086124, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL086124, 2020.
Sholkovitz, E. R., Sedwick, P. N., Church, T. M., Baker, A. R., and Powell, C. F.: Fractional solubility of aerosol iron: Synthesis of a global-scale data set, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 89, 173–189, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.04.022, 2012.
Slikboer, S., Grandy, L., Blair, S. L., Nizkorodov, S. A., Smith, R. W., and
Al-Abadleh, H. A.: Formation of Light Absorbing Soluble Secondary Organics
and Insoluble Polymeric Particles from the Dark Reaction of Catechol and
Guaiacol with Fe(III), Environ. Sci. Technol., 49, 7793–7801,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b01032, 2015.
Spokes, L. J., Jickells, T. D., and Lim, B.: Solubilisation of aerosol trace
metals by cloud processing: A laboratory study, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 58, 3281–3287, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(94)90056-6, 1994.
Tao, Y. and Murphy, J. G.: The Mechanisms Responsible for the Interactions
among Oxalate, pH, and Fe Dissolution in PM2.5, ACS Earth Space Chem., 3, 2259–2265, https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.9b00172, 2019.
Wang, W., Liu, M., Wang, T., Song, Y., Zhou, L., Cao, J., Hu, J., Tang, G.,
Chen, Z., Li, Z., Xu, Z., Peng, C., Lian, C., Chen, Y., Pan, Y., Zhang, Y.,
Sun, Y., Li, W., Zhu, T., Tian, H., and Ge, M.: Sulfate formation is dominated by manganese-catalyzed oxidation of SO2 on aerosol surfaces during haze events, Nat. Commun., 12, 1993, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22091-6, 2021.
Wang, Z. Z., Fu, H. B., Zhang, L. W., Song, W. H., and Chen, J. M.: Ligand-Promoted Photoreductive Dissolution of Goethite by Atmospheric
Low-Molecular Dicarboxylates, J. Phys. Chem. A, 121, 1648–1657, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.6b09160, 2017.
Wong, J. P. S., Yang, Y., Fang, T., Mulholland, J. A., Russell, A. G., Ebelt, S., Nenes, A., and Weber, R. J.: Fine Particle Iron in Soils and Road Dust Is Modulated by Coal-Fired Power Plant Sulfur, Environ. Sci. Technol., 54, 7088–7096, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c00483, 2020.
Yang, Y., Gao, D., and Weber, R. J.: A method for liquid spectrophotometric measurement of total and water-soluble iron and copper in ambient aerosols, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 4707–4719, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-4707-2021, 2021.
Yang, Y., Ma, L., He, X., Au, W. C., Miao, Y., Wang, W. X., and Nah, T.: Abundance and fractional solubilities of aerosol metals in urban Hong Kong: Insights into factors that control aerosol metal dissolution in an urban site in South China, Zenodo [data set], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7013770, 2022.
Ye, D., Klein, M., Mulholland, J. A., Russell, A. G., Weber, R., Edgerton,
E. S., Chang, H. H., Sarnat, J. A., Tolbert, P. E., and Ebelt Sarnat, S.:
Estimating Acute Cardiovascular Effects of Ambient PM2.5 Metals, Environ. Health Perspect., 126, 027007, https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp2182, 2018.
Zhang, H., Li, R., Dong, S., Wang, F., Zhu, Y., Meng, H., Huang, C., Ren, Y., Wang, X., Hu, X., Li, T., Peng, C., Zhang, G., Xue, L., Wang, X., and Tang, M.: Abundance and Fractional Solubility of Aerosol Iron During Winter at a Coastal City in Northern China: Similarities and Contrasts Between Fine and Coarse Particles, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 127, e2021JD036070, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD036070, 2022.
Zhao, Z., Luo, X. S., Jing, Y. S., Li, H. B., Pang, Y. T., Wu, L. C., Chen,
Q., and Jin, L.: In vitro assessments of bioaccessibility and bioavailability of PM2.5 trace metals in respiratory and digestive systems and their oxidative potential, J. Hazard. Mater., 409, 124638, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124638, 2021.
Zhong, L., Louie, P. K. K., Zheng, J., Yuan, Z., Yue, D., Ho, J. W. K., and
Lau, A. K. H.: Science–policy interplay: Air quality management in the Pearl River Delta region and Hong Kong, Atmos. Environ., 76, 3–10, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.03.012, 2013.
Zhou, Y., Zhang, Y., Griffith, S. M., Wu, G., Li, L., Zhao, Y., Li, M., Zhou, Z., and Yu, J. Z.: Field Evidence of Fe-Mediated Photochemical Degradation of Oxalate and Subsequent Sulfate Formation Observed by Single Particle Mass Spectrometry, Environ. Sci. Technol., 54, 6562–6574, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c00443, 2020.
Zhu, X., Prospero, J. M., Savoie, D. L., Millero, F. J., Zika, R. G., and Saltzman, E. S.: Photoreduction of iron(III) in marine mineral aerosol solutions, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 98, 9039–9046, https://doi.org/10.1029/93JD00202, 1993.
Zhu, Y., Li, W., Lin, Q., Yuan, Q., Liu, L., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Shao, L.,
Niu, H., Yang, S., and Shi, Z.: Iron solubility in fine particles associated
with secondary acidic aerosols in east China, Environ. Pollut., 264, 114769, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114769, 2020.
Short summary
Water-soluble metals play key roles in human health and atmospheric processes. We report the seasonal abundance and fractional solubilities of different metals in aerosols collected in urban Hong Kong as well as the key factors that modulated solubilities of the various metals in fine aerosols. Our results highlight the dual roles (i.e., acidifying the aerosol particle and providing a liquid reaction medium) that sulfate plays in the acid dissolution of metals in fine aerosols in Hong Kong.
Water-soluble metals play key roles in human health and atmospheric processes. We report the...
Altmetrics
Final-revised paper
Preprint